2026年高考英语（外研版）一轮复习配套课件 选择性必修第一册 Unit 5　Revealing nature

Unit 5　Revealing nature选择性必修第一册单元词句识记内容 索 引单元默写检测核心知识突破关键能力考查写作素养培优课时作业单 元 词 句 识 记Ⅰ.阅读单词1.seed n.　　　　种子,籽2.sample n.样本3.tortoise n.陆龟4.goat n.山羊5.primitive adj.原始的,低等的6.myth n.(古代的)神话7.pesticide n.杀虫剂,农药8.cybercrime n.网络犯罪9.centimetre n.厘米Ⅱ.核心单词1.a common ancestor 　 　一个共同的祖先2.generate heat 产生热3.personal characteristics 个人的特征4.blame it on you 把它的责任归咎于你5.attract worldwide attention引起了全世界的关注6.a giant step 巨大的一步Ⅲ.一词多义1.decline v.减少,下降;衰落,衰退;谢绝,婉言拒绝 n.减少;下降;衰落;衰退①decline rapidly 迅速下降②The company has declined. 公司已经衰落。③decline her invitation 谢绝她的邀请④a gradual decline 逐渐下降⑤economic decline 经济衰退2.root n.根;起因,根源①tree roots 树根②the root of the problem 问题的起因③our cultural roots 我们的文化根源3.link v.把……联系起来;连接 n.联系;关系;链接;环,节①be directly linked 直接联系在一起②a strong link 紧密联系③click this link 点此链接④an important link 重要的一环Ⅳ.派生单词1.distant adj.　　遥远的;远处的;久远的;远房的;冷淡的distance n.距离2.disgrace n.丢脸,耻辱;令人感到羞耻的人(或事)disgraceful adj.可耻的,丢脸的;不光彩的3.geologist n.地质学家geology n.地质学4.evolve v.进化evolution n.进化(论)5.suspect v.猜想,怀疑,觉得 n.嫌疑人suspicious adj.怀疑的;可疑的6.legend n.传说,传奇(故事)legendary adj.传奇的;传说的7.detect v.发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)detection n.侦查;探测,发现,觉察detective n.侦探8.fungus n.真菌(复数fungi)fungal adj.真菌的Ⅴ.短语词块1.adapt to 　　　　　适应2.drive...away 赶走;驱车离开3.a variety of 各种各样的,形形色色的4.be a disgrace 是耻辱,是丢脸的事5.in question 被提及的;讨论中的;被怀疑的6.be crowded with 充满,满是7.be native to 源于……的,原产于……8.answer the call 响应号召9.first choice首选10.of all time 有史以来11.come to exist 产生12.tiny amounts of 极少量的Ⅵ.句式结构1.But Darwin’s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.(so...that...引导结果状语从句)但是达尔文的科学研究如此令人信服,以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。2.Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.(be+过去分词+to do sth)据说,亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗在印度参观过这样的一棵树。3.More surprisingly,plants also use sound to communicate. (副词作状语)更令人吃惊的是,植物也用声音进行交流。4.Using the wood wide web,plants can share information and even food with each other.(动词-ing形式作状语)使用树联网,植物可以彼此分享信息,甚至可以彼此分享食物。▶构词法日积月累单 元 默 写 检 测Step One　写一写Ⅰ.阅读单词1.sow the seeds 　　　　　　种这些　　　　　　 2.a sample survey 　　　　　　　　调查 3.a herd of goats 一群　　　　　　　 4.primitive man 　　　　　　　　人 5.ancient Greek myths 古希腊　　　　　　 6.the use of pesticides 使用　　　　　　 7.three centimetres deep 3　　　　　　　深 种子抽样山羊原始神话杀虫剂厘米Ⅱ.核心单词1.　　　　　　 n.(动物的)原种,祖先 2.　　　　　　 v.产生,创造 3.　　　　　　 n.特征,特性 4.　　　　　　 v.责怪,指责;把……归咎于 5.　　　　　　 adv.遍及全世界 6.　　　　　　 adj.巨大的,特大的 ancestorgeneratecharacteristicblameworldwidegiantⅢ.派生单词1.　　　　　　 adj.遥远的;远处的;久远的;远房的;冷淡的→ ____________n.距离 2.　　　　　　 n.丢脸,耻辱;令人感到羞耻的人(或事)→ _____________adj.可耻的,丢脸的;不光彩的 3.　　　　　　 v.进化→　　　　　 n.进化(论) 4.　　　　　　 v.猜想,怀疑,觉得 n.嫌疑人→　　　　　　 adj.怀疑的;可疑的 distantdistancedisgracedisgracefulevolveevolutionsuspectsuspicious5.　　　　　　 n.传说,传奇(故事)→　　　　　　　adj.传奇的;传说的6.　　　　　　 v.发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)→ ______________n.侦查;探测,发现,觉察→　　　　　　n.侦探 legendlegendarydetectdetectiondetective Ⅳ.短语互译1.　　　　　　　　 被提及的;讨论中的;被怀疑的 2.　　　　　　　　 充满,满是 3.　　　　　　　　 各种各样的,形形色色的 4.　　　　　　　　 适应 5.of all time 　　　　　　　　　　　 6.be native to 　　　　　　　　　　　 7.tiny amounts of 　　　　　　　 8.drive...away 　　　　　　　 in questionbe crowded witha variety ofadapt to有史以来源于……的,原产于……极少量的赶走;驱车离开Ⅴ.句式仿写1.句型公式:so...that...引导结果状语从句I was 　　　　　　　　I wanted to open it right now.(心理描写) 我太激动了,想现在就打开它。2.句型公式:副词作状语　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I stood there and felt my throat tight, wondering what to do next.(心理描写) 我紧张地站在那里,感到喉咙发紧,不知道下一步做什么。so excited thatNervously3.句型公式:动词-ing形式作状语Landy was just like the poor little chicken,_________________________________________,merely due to her special height. 兰迪就像那只可怜的小鸡,被同学们嘲笑和忽视,只是因为她的特殊身高。being teased and ignoredby her classmates4.句型公式:be+过去分词+to do sthReading 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　and broaden our mind. 阅读被认为可以增加我们的知识,拓宽我们的视野。is believed to increase our knowledgeStep Two　练一练Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1.The proposal has g　　　　　　 a lot of interest. 2.Some festivals are held in memory of their a　　　　　　. 3.He will interpret the melody c　　　　　　 of many Chinese instruments such as the drum, the erhu, the flute and the pipa. 4.One day, this little boy, was sitting quietly down by the side of the street when suddenly a g　　　　　　 dog walked across him. eneratedncestorsharacteristicsiantⅡ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1.My parents live in a 　　　　　　city but the Internet removes the _________________in a way.(distant) 2.High levels of lead have been 　　　　　　in the atmosphere.And we hope the 　　　　　　will raise public awareness of air protection. (detect) 3.His behaviour was absolutely impolite and 　　　　　　,which made him a 　　　　　　to his family.(disgrace) distantdistancedetecteddetectiondisgracefuldisgraceⅢ.短语填空is native to1.This is a lovely animal which 　　　　　　　　a remote island. 2.The meeting room 　　　　　　　　huge crowds in it. 3.His name will live in history as one of the greatest bowlers 　　　　　　　　　　　.is crowded withof all time4.How to help the old 　　　　　　　　a digital society is of great importance. 5.To relieve stress and enrich campus life, our school held __________ after-school activities. adapt toa variety ofⅣ.串记练习阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When my uncle was young,he answered the call and 1._________ (go) to that distant island with his classmates.He took some books as well as some 2.　　　　　　(seed) with him.On 3.________________ (arrive) at the beautiful island,he became interested in the plants which were native to the island.My uncle chose 4.　　　　　　 (stay)wentseedsarrivingto stayon that island, which made my grandfather so angry that he blamed him 5.　　　　　　 it many times on the phone.My grandfather even considered him as 6.　　　　　　 disgrace to the whole family.My uncle worked hard in the day.In his free time,he went on studying the characteristics of those plants.He even had some samples 7._________ (place) in his bedroom.Although no income 8.____________________ (generate) from his study,he was crazy about it.Later,he achieved a lot in this field. foraplacedwas generated核 心 知 识 突 破No.1 热考词汇No.3 写作迁移No.2 熟词生义/一词多义1.suspect v.猜想,怀疑(doubt),觉得 n.嫌疑人→suspicious adj.怀疑的;可疑的佳句背诵　I was overcome with sadness because I was suspected of stealing his money.(心理描写)我非常伤心,因为我被怀疑偷了他的钱。suspect that...　　　　　怀疑……suspect sb to be...怀疑某人是……suspect sb of (doing) sth怀疑某人(做过)某事be suspicious of/about sb/sth感觉某人/某事可疑的[点拨]　与suspect sb of sth结构相同的短语还有:inform sb of sth、remind sb of sth、rob sb of sth、accuse sb of sth、warn sb of sth等。以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作①He suspected me of 　　　　　　(steal) the old woman’s gold ring and even my best friend was 　　　　　　　(suspect) about my personal qualities,so I buried my face in my hands,sobbing uncontrollably. ②Judging from his expression,I suspected the man wearing a moustache 　　　　　　　(be) a thief. stealingsuspiciousto be③______________________________________________________________________, but actually he made it with strong willpower.我们认为那个受伤的参赛者可能跑不完马拉松,但实际上他凭着坚强的意志成功了。We suspected that the injured participant may not finish the marathon2.decline v.减少,下降(reduce, drop);衰落,衰退(fail);谢绝,婉言拒绝 n.减少,下降;衰落,衰退佳句背诵　She declined with a shake of the head. (动作描写)她摇摇头拒绝了。The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year.去年到这个胜地旅游的人数减少了10%。decline (to do) sth　　　拒绝(做)某事decline to/by...减少到/减少了……in decline/on the decline在衰退中,走下坡路[点拨]　表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by,后面常跟百分数;表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to,后面常跟具体数字。以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作①In spite of many invitations,he would always decline __________ (display) his works. ②The number of people who like reading _____________________ ______________in the past few years.在过去的几年里,喜欢阅读的人数一直在下降。③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, because I have to attend a meeting.(道歉信)非常抱歉拒绝你的盛情邀请,因为我必须去参加一个会议。to display has been in decline/on the declineI’m very sorry to decline your kind invitation3.blame v.责怪,指责;把……归咎于 n.责任;责备;指责佳句背诵　Blamed for not performing well in the examination,the girl couldn’t help crying bitterly,burying her face in her hands.(情绪描写)由于被指责考试没考好,女孩忍不住掩面痛哭。blame sb for sth/doing sth为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame sth on sb/sth 把某事归咎于某人/某物be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任/受责备put/lay the blame for sth on sb将某事归咎于某人以练促学　完成语段When getting along with others,we shouldn’t always _____________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.After all,many times we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.So instead of 　　　　　　　　　　　,we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place. 当和其他人相处时,我们不应该总把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟,很多时候我们也应受责备。因此,我们应该多交流、换位思考,而不是指责其他人。put/lay theblame for mistakes on others/blame others for mistakesare also to blameblaming others4.link v.把……联系起来(connect, associate, relate);连接 n.联系;关系;链接;环,节佳句背诵　The girls walked shoulder to shoulder with their hands linked.(动作描写) 女孩们手挽着手肩并肩走着。a link/links between A and B 　A和B之间的联系/纽带link...to/with...把……和……连接/联系起来be linked to/with 和……连接;和……有联系以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作①There is sufficient evidence indicating that there is _____________ direct link between exposure to sun and skin cancer. ②In Chinese culture,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(传统文化) 在中国文化中,红色通常与高兴和喜庆联系在一起。ared is usually linked to/with joy and celebrationWhen problems occur, we often suspect others.But we should not decline responsibility and blame each other blindly.Let’s link our efforts to solve these problems and ensure the success of our project.1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.　　　　　　　 ②Police have arrested a suspect in a series of cases in the city.　　　　　　　 ③Money,or love of money, is said to be the root of all evil.　　　　　　　 n.环,节n.嫌疑人n.起因,根源2.选出distant的汉语意思A.adj.遥远的;远处的　B.adj.远房的 C.adj.冷淡的 D.adj.久远的C①However,after I went to high school,somehow I became distant from him.(2022·全国甲卷)　　　 ②It was only after a family conversation that I found out she was actually my distant cousin.　　　 ③Last summer’s drought is a distant memory.　　　 ④Looking southeastwards, they could see the distant mountains.　　　 BDA句型公式:be+过去分词+to do sth课本原句:Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.据说,亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗在印度参观过这样的一棵树。佳句背诵　His works are thought to show a deep understanding of modern architecture. (人物介绍)人们认为他的作品表现出对现代建筑的深刻理解。He’s generally considered to have the finest tenor voice in the country.(人物介绍) 普遍认为他是全国最佳男高音歌手。本句中用了“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth”句型,其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。该结构相当于“It is said that...”。 以练促学　单句写作/同义句转换①This book is reported________________________________________ __________. 据报道,这本书已被翻译成了多种不同的语言。②It is believed that the English short film will be not only meaningful but also interesting.→The English short film________________________________________________________.  to have been translated into many different languages is believed to be not only meaningful but also interesting③It is said that carbon dioxide is heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.→Carbon dioxide __________________________________________ _______________________. is said to be heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared关 键 能 力 考 查维度一　核心知识运用1.Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused dramatic ___________(decline) in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades,which has damaged the U.S.agricultural economy. (2023·浙江1月卷) 2.To calculate your speed as you do,divide 3,600 (the number of seconds in an hour) by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile [the 　　　　　　(distant) between two mileposts].(2023·浙江1月卷) declinesdistance3.Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife’s cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended 　　　　　　(evolve).(2023·北京卷) 4.These biased perspectives cannot be blamed 　　　　　　one single cause.(2023·北京卷) 5.Goffin’s cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native _______________ Australasia,have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.(2022·全国甲卷) evolutiononon6.It is closely linked 　　　　　　the steam age.(2022·浙江1月卷) 7.This has been adopted to ensure easier 　　　　　　(detect) of gas leaks.(2022·北京卷) 8.Honestly speaking, we all suspected the little princess ___________ not telling the truth to us. 9.The servant detected the thief in the corner and drove him 　　　. 10.It shocks us that the man 　　　　　　question has made a contribution to the abstract art. to/withdetectionofawayin维度二　单句写作1.I have to 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　I hardly have time  to do exercise.(so...that...引导结果状语从句)我不得不花很多时间做作业,以至于几乎没有时间做运动。2.　　　　　　　　　　　,on reaching the hotel, I discovered one of my suitcases lost in the taxi.(副词作状语) 不幸的是,一到旅馆,我就发现我的一个手提箱落在出租车里了。spend so much time on my homework thatUnfortunately3.Last week, a group of foreign students came to our school and experienced Chinese tea culture, which ________________________　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　.(be+过去分词+to do sth)上周,一群外国学生来到我们学校,体验了中国茶文化,这被认为是中国文化的象征。4.I was informed that my schoolbag was at the school’s Lost and Found and it was you who___________________________________.(过去完成时) 我被告知我的书包在学校的失物招领处,是你找到了我的书包。is thought to be thesymbol of Chinese culturehad found my schoolbag5.Seeing this positive change, Jessica felt encouraged that　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(过去完成时)  看到这种积极的变化,杰西卡受到鼓舞,因为她的方法已经产生了影响。her approach had made a difference维度三　单元知识拾遗1.　　　　　　　　　　　　 can  2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　. It then 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  It’s a remarkable tool with unique capabilities.这个巨大的装置可以检测各种特征,然后生成有用的信息。它是一个具有独特功能的非凡工具。The giant devicedetect various characteristicsgenerates useful information写 作 素 养 培 优Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(短文投稿——介绍进化论的奠基人Charles Darwin)你校英文报正在进行征稿活动,请你写一篇介绍某位名人的英语短文,刊登在校英文报People专栏,内容包括:(1)该人物的生平;(2)他的主要事迹;(3)你的评价。根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达①英国生物学、地质学家查尔斯·达尔文是进化论的创始人。(geologist,evolution)　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Charles Darwin,a British biologist and geologist,is the founder of the theory of evolution.②查尔斯·达尔文还没有从医学院毕业,就响应号召去访问遥远的国度。(分词的完成式作状语, answer the call,distant)　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ③这使他成为全家人的耻辱。(disgrace)　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Not having completed his degree in medical school, Charles Darwin answered the call to visit distant countries.It made him a disgrace to all the family.④一到这个美丽的岛屿,他就对岛上土生土长的动植物产生了兴趣。(be native to)　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ⑤他立即继续研究那些动植物的特性。(characteristic)　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 On arriving at the beautiful island,he became interested in the plants and animals which were native to the island.Immediately,he went on studying the characteristics of those plants and animals.⑥他甚至在卧室里放了一些样品。(sample,动词-ed形式作定语)　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ⑦就在那时,他开始思考它们是如何从祖先进化而来的,这有助于他的进化论的产生。(evolve,ancestor)　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 He even had some samples placed in his bedroom.Just at that time he began to think about how they evolved from their ancestors,which contributed to his theory of evolution.⑧依我所见,达尔文的进化论对生物学发展以及其他学科领域产生了深远的影响和意义。　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 As far as I’m concerned, Darwin’s theory of evolution has had a profound influence and significance on the development of biology and other disciplines.第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)Charles Darwin, a British biologist and geologist,is the founder of the theory of evolution.Not having completed his degree in medical school, Charles Darwin answered the call to visit distant countries.However,it made him a disgrace to all the family.On arriving at the beautiful island,he became interested in the plants and animals which were native to the island.Immediately, he went on studying the characteristics of those plants and animals.He even had some samples placed in his bedroom. Just at that time he began to think about how they evolved from their ancestors,which contributed to his theory of evolution.As far as I’m concerned, Darwin’s theory of evolution has had a profound influence and significance on the development of biology and other disciplines.Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升(根据提示续写2场景)场景导语:和堂弟Isaiah一起钓鱼,“我”回想起了父亲教他钓鱼的情景→父亲曾是一名野生动物工作者,他热爱他的工作,尤其是可以保护自然不受人类侵害→瞥见潜鸟(loon),回想起父亲说它会伤人→看见潜鸟哀号着向“我们”游来,翅膀上有血迹,“我”认为是在向“我们”求救。场景续写1:“我”伸手去摸它的头,心跳加速→发现身上有钩子,脖子上缠着鱼线→感觉父亲似乎在场,鼓励“我”救助潜鸟→准备取出钩子Reaching down, I touched its head, my heart racing.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 场景续写2:“我”很害怕,Isaiah就用剪刀把鱼线剪掉→“我”和Isaiah两人把潜鸟身上的钩子取下来→潜鸟被释放→它用翅膀拍打水面,似乎在表示感谢→“我们”内心充满了成就感Afraid, I held it out at arm’s length, and Isaiah cut away the fishing line using the scissors.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 场景续写1Reaching down, I touched its head, my heart racing.I could see there was a shiny red hook embedded in its body, and the fishing line was wrapped tightly around its neck.Left like this, the loon couldn’t survive.It was asking us to help! But if freed, would it stab us to death with its beak? I hesitated.Somehow I felt my dad’s presence, “Jacob, the bird won’t hurt you.It needs your help.Be brave!” Taking a deep breath, I closed my eyes for a second to calm myself.“Isaiah, go and grab the scissors from the fishing tackle box,”I said firmly.Soon he came back with the tiny pair of scissors and I bent down to pick up the loon. 场景续写2Afraid, I held it out at arm’s length, and Isaiah cut away the fishing line using the scissors.Luckily, the loon was silent and things went well.“Now take out the hook, Isaiah.Hurry!” “All right! I will.” Isaiah bit on his lower lip.Slowly, his slim fingers worked to loosen the hook and pulled it out.Finally, the loon was freed.Isaiah and I breathed a sigh of relief.As I set it down on the water, it slapped its wings down slightly on the surface of the lake, seeming to be saying, “Thank you, boys.” Big smiles formed on our faces with a sense of accomplishment filled with our hearts.I decided to protect wildlife like my father and felt it our duty to protect nature. 课 时 作 业Ⅰ.阅读理解My mother died of breast cancer when she was merely 50 in 1970. Afterwards,the comment repeated most often was:“You’ll need to be careful for the rest of your life because it may have been passed to you.” In 1994,the first-ever breast cancer gene testing arrived. I jumped right into it and the test was negative. I’m thankful for the science that has given me this preventive screening (筛查). Good for me,but is it good for everyone?Here’s the catch. Research on genetic disease has been based mostly on European people,like me. The same went to the mapping of the human genes. The problem is that we know little about how new treatments might work for people of other races. If we diversify patients in clinical trials,we can realize the promise of personalized medicine for everyone,not just white patients. Faced with the unfair phenomenon in medical research,what should we do to resolve the problem? Not only do we need more diverse populations participating in research,but we also need diversity among biomedical researchers and medical professionals to make efforts. That makes research stronger and builds trust with diverse communities. A medical team is working on this now. They are building a diverse next generation of gene editing researchers by teaching high school and community college students from different backgrounds about promising technologies like gene editing to encourage them to become future researchers.This sort of educational outreach can also help to build trust in the medical and research communities. The team leader,John Cooper,PhD,has been outspoken about the current inequalities of delivering new technologies to all people at a fair cost.Numerous scientists and medical leaders are working to change the situation. While science wasn’t yet far enough along to save my mother,I have harvested the benefits of advanced research and so should we all.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要从遗传病研究主要针对欧洲人的体质特点这一问题出发,从公平性的角度探讨医学研究的进步所产生的种族偏见问题及解决方案。1.What is the function of paragraph 1?A.To explain the cause of her mother’s cancer.B.To show her concerns over medical inequalities.C.To indicate the side effects of genetic testing.D.To emphasize the progress in the medical field.√解析　推理判断题。第一段内容,尤其是本段末句“Good for me,but is it good for everyone?”表明作者对医疗不公平问题的担忧。故本段的作用是提出问题,引出下文。故选B项。A项“解释母亲患癌的原因”,C项“暗示基因检测的副作用”,D项“强调医学领域的进展”。2.What does the underlined words “the catch” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.A previous study.B.An urgent appeal.C.An underlying issue.D.A workable solution.√解析　词义猜测题。根据下一句的内容可知,下文会对遗传病的研究主要基于欧洲人的体质特点。这一问题进行具体解释。人类基因图谱的绘制也是这样。因此问题的关键就是我们几乎不知道新的治疗方法如何对其他种族的人起作用。由此可推知,画线词的意思与C项“潜在的问题”最为接近,故选C项。考情速递　猜测熟词在语境中的含义本题考查画线词the catch的用法,属于对熟词在语境中具体意义的理解和猜测,与2024年新课标Ⅱ卷第32题考查角度(In the wrong hands)和2023年全国乙卷的34题(conversation)一致。同学们需要结合具体语境作出合理猜测。3.What might enable new treatments to benefit all?A.Conducting research on genetic diseases.B.Delivering speeches to interested students.C.Building confidence in potential medical researchers.D.Popularizing technologies in various communities.√解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They are building...to encourage them to become future researchers.”可知,通过培养不同背景的学生成为未来的新兴科技研究人员以推广技术,是让新治疗方法惠及千家万户的一种途径,即在各种不同的群体中普及技术。故选D项。A项“在遗传病方面进行研究”,B项“对感兴趣的学生发表演讲”,C项“为未来的医学研究人员增强信心”。4.What is the author’s attitude towards the advanced research?A.Supportive.B.Dismissive.C.Opposed.D.Impartial.√解析　观点态度题。根据第一段中的“I’m thankful for the science”和最后一段中“I have harvested the benefits of advanced research”可知,作者的态度是支持先进科学研究的。故选A项。B项“轻蔑的”,C项“反对的”,D项“公正的”。In 1986,King Charles suggested talking to plants,a thought initially mocked but now supported by evidence that plants can detect,react to,and potentially produce sound.Since plants have been evolving alongside the insects for hundreds of millions of years,Heidi Appel,a botanist and Reginald Cocroft,an entomologist wondered if plants might be sensitive to the sounds made by insects.The researchers recorded the vibrations (震动)from caterpillars (毛虫) as they chewed on leaves.Then the plants were exposed to the recorded vibrations while no caterpillars were actually present.The results were striking.Leaves that had been exposed had significantly higher levels of defensive chemicals,making them much harder for the caterpillars to eat.The research may have practical consequences,such as using drones armed with speakers to warn crops of pest threats,offering an ecofriendly alternative to chemical pesticides.Further studies by ecologist Monica Gagliano reveal that plants,like pea plants,can “hear” water through sound,with roots responding to water-related vibrations even when the water is inaccessible.This finding could have implications for preventing damage to sewer (下水道)systems caused by plant roots.The assumption had been that it was leaks that attracted the roots.The solution,she says,might be to invest in pipes that are silent as water runs through them.Additionally,the study by the team at Tel Aviv University revealed that plants under stress,due to factors like insufficient water or physical damage,make high frequency sounds,which can be detected even in noisy environments.This opens possibilities for using microphones to monitor plant health in agriculture,potentially aiding farmers in identifying and addressing crop issues.Despite some questions remaining to be solved,these fascinating discoveries cast new light on plants’ ability to perceive and respond to sounds in their environment. Plants live in a world full of sounds due to human civilization,and it is worth investigating this interesting aspect. Perhaps researchers might even seek funding from King Charles.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要从Charles国王1986年曾遭受调侃的与植物交谈这一想法出发,探讨当下研究表明的植物与声音存在的相互联系。5.What was the original reaction to King Charles’s suggestion?A.Ambiguous.B.Favourable.C.Indifferent.D.Opposed.√解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“In 1986...a thought,initially mocked”可知,Charles国王的建议最初被人们嘲笑,即被当时的人们反对。故选D项。A项“模棱两可的”;B项“支持的”;C项“漠不关心的”。6.What practical result may the research by Heidi and Reginald lead to?A.Introducing drones with speakers to farmers.B.Applying chemicals to enhance plant growth.C.Stimulating plants to release anti-pest chemicals.D.Developing new types of protective pesticides.√解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Leaves that had been exposed had...alternative to chemical pesticides.”可知,Heidi和Reginald的研究可以得出一种新的保护植物的方法,即通过特定的声音刺激植物,让植物自身释放抗虫害化学物质。故选C项。7.Why is employing silent pipes suggested?A.To reduce noise pollution.B.To protect sewer systems.C.To improve water transportation.D.To attract plant roots to accessible water.√解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This finding could have implications for...as water runs through them.”可知,植物的根系会对下水道系统造成损害,而Monica的发现表明,购入在水流经过时保持静音的管道或许能解决该问题。由此可知,使用静音管道是为了保护下水道系统。故选B项。8.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?P:paragraph.√解析　写作手法题。文章第一段总体提出现在有证据表明,植物可以探测声音、对声音做出反应并可能产生声音;第二、三、四段介绍三个研究作为证据;最后一段总结全文:这些发现使人们进一步了解植物感知环境中的声音并对声音做出反应的能力。所以文章为总分总结构。故选C项。考情速递　结构图入题本题考查对文章结构的理解,四个选项均以结构图的形式呈现,创新了考查内容和考查方式。同学们需要结合文本特征,判断每段的段落主旨,然后分析段落之间的逻辑关系,构建整篇文章的结构。其次同学们需要读懂选项结构图,与文章结构进行正确匹配。本题综合考查了同学们“读”和“看”的能力。Why do we find ugly animals so appealing? And what makes odd-looking creatures so cute?Evolution (进化) plays a role.According to Austrian zoologist Konrad Lorenz,human attraction to childish features,such as big eyes, large heads and soft bodies,is evolutionary adaptation that helps ensure that adults care for their young,guaranteeing the survival of their species. Odd-looking animals such as blobfish,pugs,and bulldogs all share these childish qualities that initiate an affectionate response among humans. And these childish characteristics increase a person’s “protective behavior,attention and willingness to care”for the individual and reduce the“likelihood of attacks towards a child”,says Marta Borgi,a researcher.Ugly animals often have other value—some,like the blobfish or the naked mole rat,live in extreme environments that they have adapted to in remarkable ways.Scientists are keen to study these animals to understand whether their biology might provide fresh insights that could lead to treatments for human health conditions such as cancer,heart disease and other deadly diseases.Our fascination with ugly-cute animals can also be traced back to culturally-based causes.“The ugly-cute thing is very fashionable,”says Rowena Packer,a lecturer of animal behavior.“This is partly driven by social media,with many influential people showing off pet pugs and French bulldogs on the Internet,”she says.But there are some serious welfare concerns around this trend. Vets are urging people not to choose a flatfaced dog,because they suffer from serious health problems. Pugs and French bulldogs which have been selectively produced experience breathing difficulties,repeated skin infections and eye diseases.We may want to rethink our love for “ugly-cute”animals because of their silly features like protruding (鼓出的) eyes and wrinkly faces.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要通过引用几位研究员的调查结果,从进化角度、社会文化角度和生存角度阐述人类喜爱“丑萌”动物的原因。 9.Why do people like ugly animals according to Konrad Lorenz?A.People appreciate their efforts to survive.B.People appreciate their super adaptability.C.People are attracted by their childish looks.D.People are fond of their fast response speed.√解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Evolution(进化) plays a role...is evolutionary adaptation”和“Odd-looking animals...share these childish qualities”可知,Konrad Lorenz认为人们之所以被吸引,是因为这类丑动物孩童般的特征。由此可知,人们喜爱丑动物的原因是被它们孩童般的外表所吸引。故选C项。10.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A.What media are changing people.B.How public practices influence people.C.Whether social media is worth believing.D.Why celebrities show off their pet animals.√解析　段落大意题。第四段第一句话指出人类对“丑萌”动物的喜爱也有文化方面的原因。下文具体阐述社交媒体这一大众媒介对流行文化的推动作用。由此可推知,本段主要讲述公众的活动如何影响人们对“丑萌”动物的看法。故选B项。11.What’s the author’s attitude towards people’s love for ugly animals?A.Opposed.B.Supportive.C.Indifferent.D.Cautious.√解析　观点态度题。文章第二至四段分别从进化角度、生存角度和社会文化角度阐述了人类喜爱“丑萌”动物的原因,但作者在文章最后两段从动物的健康角度对人类这种对“丑萌”动物的喜爱提出了建议和提醒。由此可推知,作者对人们喜爱“丑萌”动物的态度是十分谨慎的。故选D项。A项“反对的”;B项“支持的”;C项“不关心的”;D项“谨慎的,小心的”。12.How does the author mainly answer the questions raised in paragraph 1 ?A.By quoting different researchers’ findings.B.By showing some examples of keeping pets.C.By observing people’s behavior towards animals.D.By referring to authoritative evolutionary theory.√解析　写作手法题。根据第一段的问题可以将答案定位到第二段中的“According to Austrian zoologist Konrad Lorenz”和“says Marta Borgi,a researcher”以及第四段中的“says Rowena Packer,a lecturer of animal behavior”。几处都是研究人员的调查发现。故选A项。B项“通过展示一些养宠物的例子”;C项“通过观察人们对动物的行为”;D项“通过查阅权威的进化理论”。Ⅱ.七选五Colour Of The Season:Sky BlueBring the outdoors into your home this year with the colour of the season: sky blue. This timeless hue (色彩) works well throughout the home,whether it’s to lighten up a hallway or add a sense of calm to a bedroom.　1　. From wall paint to furniture,cushions,and bedding,people are fully embracing this colour trend. John Lewis has reported online searches for “sky blue” are up 137 percent compared to this time last year,with blue furnishings proving to be popular buys.　2　. Big on blue,colour specialist Melanie Archer shares her interiors (室内装饰) expertise,from why we should adopt the blue trend to how we can easily integrate it into our home.Blue is a brilliant interior colour; it comes in a wide range of shades and works well layered into existing schemes to give a fresh,new feel.　3　,but works with traditional styling too. As the colour blue has a connection to nature,it works well in a hallway,linking outdoor and indoor spaces. 　4　,for it’s a peaceful and friendly colour. Blue is also a great colour for a living room and kitchen. Paler shades work well for opening up the space,creating a clean and fresh atmosphere,while darker shades can add drama and impact.　5　. It is known that they can assist in lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Think blue and think of the ocean,so it is a wonderful choice for a bathroom to create a relaxing spa-like look and feel. Uplifting and calming,lighten your home with this beautiful shade.A.It is perfect to welcome your guestsB.It’s a colour that feels modern and freshC.Blue pairs well with a variety of building materialsD.Additionally,pale shades are particularly effective in bedroomsE.There’s no surprise then,that it’s seen massive popularity latelyF.He has introduced a family of blues this seasonG.Adding touches of warmth will make your space feel welcoming to the eye【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当季流行色彩——天蓝色,并就如何将这种色彩融入家居装饰这一问题提供了建议。1.E　[段落主旨句。根据第一段中的“This timeless hue (色彩) works well...of calm to a bedroom.”可知,这种永不过时的色彩对家居装饰很实用。空后提到天蓝色的受欢迎情况,故E项“因此,它最近大受欢迎也就不足为奇了”能承上启下,符合题意。]2.F　[逻辑关系:顺承+隐性因果关系。根据上文可知,与去年同期相比,“天蓝色”的在线搜索量增长了137%,蓝色家具很畅销。据此可知,空处应继续谈论John Lewis和“天蓝色”产品的有关话题。因此,F项“本季度,他已经推出了一系列蓝色系产品”能承接上文,符合题意。He指代上文中的John Lewis。]3.B　[逻辑关系:顺承+转折。上文提到蓝色有百搭的特性,根据空后的“but works with traditional styling too”可知,空处应提到与traditional相对的评价以形成转折。故选B “它是一种现代而清新的颜色”承上启下,符合题意。It指代上一句中的Blue。]4.A　[逻辑关系:补充说明+因果。由上文可知,由于蓝色与自然有联系,将其应用在走廊中可以很好地连接室外和室内空间。再由空后的原因状语从句“for it’s a peaceful and friendly colour”可知,空处要进一步解释和补充蓝色用于连接室内外空间的走廊的作用/好处。A项“它非常适合迎接你的客人”符合题意。]5.D　[逻辑关系:并列+顺承。上文提到蓝色可以应用在门厅、客厅和餐厅,下文提到蓝色用在卫生间。所以空处应提到蓝色在住所某一区域的使用。由空后的“It is known that they can assist in lowering heart rate and blood pressure.”可知,蓝色也有助于降低心率和血压。其中they应该指代空处提到的色彩/色调。因此,D项“此外,浅色调在卧室中特别有效”与下文中的降低心率和血压的放松效果相呼应,符合题意。]