初中英语外研版（2024）八年级上册（2024）Understanding ideas精品当堂检测题

这是一份初中英语外研版（2024）八年级上册（2024）Understanding ideas精品当堂检测题，共12页。试卷主要包含了单词拼写，完成句子，完形填空，短文填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、单词拼写。
1．Hw imprtant it is (develp) gd learning habits frm an early age.
2．While we (play) ftball n the playgrund, it suddenly began t rain.
3．When the teacher came in, she fund the students (clean) the classrm.
4．The new mther was her baby carefully in her arms. (bath)
5． (thank), the dctr fund the prblem in time, and my grandfather gt better sn.
6．My brther refused (clean) his rm, s ur mther was quite angry.
7．The water in the river rse three feet because it kept raining (heavy) fr tw days.
8．Little Tm was (scary) when he culdn’t find his parents in the crwded shpping centre.
二、完成句子。
9．father, when, last night, the baby, his, came hme, was sleeping (.) (连词成句)
.
10．My brther was having lunch when I gt hme. (改为一般疑问句)
yur brther lunch when yu gt hme?
11．Were Jim and Tm playing basketball in the playgrund? (作否定回答)
, .
12．I was calling up my gd friend at 8:30 last night.（对画线部分提问）
yu at 8:30 last night?
13．Cindy writes a letter t her parents every week.（用at 4:30 pm last Friday改写句子）
Cindy a letter t her parents at 4:30 pm last Friday.
14．Tm was ding smething enjyable at this time yesterday. (改为否定句)
Tm enjyable at this time yesterday.
15．I was watching TV at the time f the rainstrm. (对划线部分提问)
yu watching TV?
三、完形填空。
阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
It was abut tw ’clck in the early mrning. I was sleeping when the earthquake 16 .
Suddenly I felt a slight shake. Then I heard a lud 17 like thunder (雷声). Sn the real nise came, like bmbs (炸弹) under the grund. The earth started t 18 . Peple were 19 . Sme ran ut f the building. I tried t run ut, t, but I culd nt. Outside, peple were running while pieces f glass were falling dwn. Then the 20 began t cme dwn, t!
Finally, the nise and shaking ended. It was 21 arund me. I culd nt see anything at all, and I did nt 22 if anyne else was near me. I felt nervus and my heart was beating fast. “I’m here,” I said. I was afraid, but I tried t be 23 .
I shuted fr help, 24 n ne came. Then I pulled myself slwly thrugh the dark. Luckily, there was enugh space fr me t mve.
Hurs later, as I was trying t g ut, I 25 heard sme nise abve me. I shuted, “Please help! I’m here!” Then ther peple shuted, t. At last, the firemen saved us.
16．A．endedB．landedC．cveredD．started
17．A．reprtB．niseC．shwD．music
18．A．cheerB．beatC．shakeD．develp
19．A．afraidB．gladC．famusD．excited
20．A．islandsB．radisC．wallsD．umbrellas
21．A．beautifulB．bringC．enughD．quiet
22．A．keepB．warnC．knwD．write
23．A．calmB．hugeC．harmfulD．shy
24．A．andB．sC．butD．r
25．A．hardlyB．suddenlyC．usuallyD．ludly
四、短文填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
It was reprted that a heavy rainstrm was cming.
When it came, Ben was cleaning the windw and his sister, Alice, 26 (lie) in bed. She hurt her left leg in the schl basketball game because she was t 27 (excite). The dctr advised her 28 (rest). Their father was repairing a bike because the bike was 29 (break). Suddenly all the lights went ff and then the rain began t beat heavily 30 the huse. Ben prvided sme 31 (match) and candles fr themselves. Everyne waited 32 the pwer (电能) came back. Many fallen huses and trees reminded us f 33 heavy rainstrm. Ben and his family made a 34 (decide) t help peple rebuild their hme.
35 the strm brke many things apart, it brught families and neighbrs clser tgether.
五、阅读理解。
Tuesday, Jan. 6, 9:50 p.m.
We were sitting in ur warm living rm. The TV was n, and everything was peaceful. Suddenly the light went n and ff fr a few times and then went ut cmpletely. Then the rain started, and everything went black. We fund the flashlight and sme candles and went t bed.
Wednesday, Jan. 7, 7:30. a.m.
My first thught after waking up was that it was pretty cld in my bedrm. Clearly, the pwer (电力供应) didn’t cme back. After I lked ut f the windw, I felt even sadder: it was still raining heavily. The rm was becming clder and clder. We had n idea when the pwer wuld cme back, s my wife started a fire in the fireplace.
Thursday, Jan. 8, 12:30 p.m.
The snw started. The pr trees nw had t carry the heavy snw. The strm seemed t last and we had nthing t d but stay at hme.
Friday, Jan. 9, 6:00 p.m.
Still n pwer. Even thugh we lit (点燃) a few candles, it was still difficult t d anything in their weak light. I was sitting near several candles, but I had truble reading.
Saturday, Jan. 10, 1:00 p.m.
The strm stpped this mrning, and I drve my car t lk fr an pen stre. The trees alng the rads were brken. I nly bught the mst necessary things: bread, sme fruit, mre drinking water and batteries (电池) fr the flashlight. On my way hme, the pwer came back and peple were very happy.
36．Hw did the writer feel when he fund it was still raining heavily?
A．Angry.B．Sad.C．Scared.D．Shcked.
37．Why did the writer say it was hard t d anything during the strm?
A．It was t cld in the rm.B．The flashlight had n batteries.
C．The light kept ging n and ff.D．The light f candles was t weak.
38．What did the writer buy when he drve ut?
①Newspapers. ②Water. ③Batteries. ④Fd.
A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④
39．Hw lng did the strm last?
A．Tw days.B．Three days.
C．Less than tw days.D．Mre than three days.
40．What’s the right rder f the fllwing events?
a. The writer had difficulty reading withut pwer. b. Peple enjyed themselves peacefully.
c. The writer bught smething necessary. d. The light went ff.
A．a-b-c-dB．b-a-d-cC．b-d-a-cD．d-b-a-c
六、任务型阅读。
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Water verflws (溢出) nt dry land and a fld happens. Flds have always been a part f life n earth. Almst every culture has a tale abut a great fld. Since ld times, peple have built cities alng rivers because they use the water fr drinking and fr farming. Fr that reasn, river flds affect (影响) many peple. In sme places, peple have built dams (水坝) t prtect land frm river flding.
Flds can be dangerus. Hwever, flds are nt always bad. When muddy fldwaters g dwn, they smetimes leave a layer (层) f wet earth. Peple in ancient Egypt depended n the flding f the Nile River every year t help them grw their crps, like rice and crn.
Mst ften flding is caused by heavy rains ver a lng time. After a lt f rain, the grund becmes full f water, and new rainwater runs ff r flws dwnhill. That runff ges directly int streams and rivers. In springtime, the rain may be mixed with melting snw. Because f the extra water flwing int the streams and rivers, their water level (水位) rises. If the level rises s much that the water verflws the banks, a fld happens.
Flding can be wrse if there is nt much vegetatin (trees, grass, and ther plants) n the land arund rivers. In general, land with little vegetatin has fewer abilities t absrb (吸收) water. The result is a larger amunt f water entering a river system.
Flash flds are the deadliest kind f fld. They are caused by sudden heavy rainfall r a brken dam. They happen very quickly and can catch peple befre they get away. Flash flds ften happen in hilly cuntries r arund dry riverbeds. In a flash fld, a cmpletely dry riverbed can be filled in minutes.
Abut flds
41 flds happen
A lng time f heavy rains makes rainwater runff 42 streams and rivers, and then their water level ges up seriusly and brings water verflws.
The 43 side f flds
The flding prvides peple with a layer f wet earth t help them plant crps.
Why flds can be wrse
Land with few trees and little grass is less 44 t absrb water.
The mst terrible kind—flash flds
45 : hilly cuntries and dry riverbeds.
Causes: sudden heavy rainfall r a brken dam.
Results: deaths and the quick filling f the riverbed.
参考答案
1．t develp
【详解】句意：从小培养好的学习习惯是多么重要啊！根据“Hw imprtant it is ... gd learning habits”可知，此处“It is+adj.+t d sth.”做某事是……的，动词前加不定式t。故填t develp。
2．were playing
【详解】句意：当我们在操场上踢足球时，突然开始下雨了。
根据“While n the playgrund, it suddenly began t rain.”以及所给单词可知，时态为过去进行时。while引导时间状语从句时，从句常使用进行时，表示在一个动作进行期间，另一个动作发生了；根据“began”可知，动作发生在过去。主语是we，be动词用were；play的现在分词形式为playing。故填were playing。
3．cleaning/were cleaning
【详解】句意：当老师进来时，她发现学生们正在打扫教室。根据空格前“When the teacher came in, she fund the students…”可知，此处考查固定结构find sb. ding sth.“发现某人正在做某事”，强调老师进来时，打扫教室正在发生，应用clean的现在分词形式cleaning。另外，分析句子结构可知，“she fund”为主谓结构，“fund”是及物动词，后接省略引导词that的宾语从句；根据“When the teacher came in”可知，动作正在发生，应用过去进行时“were cleaning”对应主句谓语“fund”。故填cleaning/were cleaning。
4．bathing
【详解】句意：这位新妈妈正在她的臂弯里小心地给她的宝宝洗澡。bath“给……洗澡”，动词；根据“was”可知，此处需要用bath的现在分词形式bathing，与was构成过去进行时。故填bathing。
5．Thankfully
【详解】句意：幸运的是，医生及时发现了问题，我的祖父很快就康复了。根据“…, the dctr fund the prblem in time, and my grandfather gt better sn.”可知，此处应用thank的副词形式thankfully修饰整个句子，意为“幸运的是，医生及时发现了问题，我的祖父很快就康复了”。故填Thankfully。
6．t clean
【详解】句意：我弟弟拒绝打扫他的房间，所以我们妈妈很生气。根据“refused”可知，此处考查固定搭配“refuse t d sth.”表示“拒绝做某事”，因此横线处需填入动词不定式形式。clean“打扫”，动词，其不定式形式为t clean。故填t clean。
7．heavily
【详解】句意：河水上涨了三英尺，因为连续下了两天大雨。根据“it kept raining...”可知，横线处需填副词来修饰动词raining，heavy“重的，大量的”，形容词，其副词形式为heavily。故填heavily。
8．scared
【详解】句意：小汤姆在拥挤的购物中心找不到父母时感到害怕。分析句子成分可知，was后跟形容词。形容词scary意为“害怕的”，修饰事物，因主语为Little Tm，指人，需修饰人的形容词scared“感到害怕的”。故填scared。
9．The baby was sleeping when his father came hme last night/When his father came hme last night, the baby was sleeping
【详解】根据所给单词及标点符号可知，该句包含when引导的时间状语从句，主句时态为过去进行时，从句时态为一般过去时；The baby“婴儿”，作主句的主语；was sleeping“正在睡觉”，作主句的谓语，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作；when“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句；his father“他的父亲”，作从句的主语；came hme“回家”，作从句的谓语，表示一般过去时发生的动作；last night“昨晚”，作从句的时间状语，说明动作发生的时间。故填The baby was sleeping when his father came hme last night/When his father came hme last night, the baby was sleeping“当他的父亲昨晚回到家时，婴儿正在睡觉”。
10． Was having
【详解】句意：你到家的时候，你哥哥正在吃午饭吗？考查将陈述句改为一般疑问句。原句是过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 动词的现在分词”，改为一般疑问句时，需将be动词was提前至句首，首字母大写，并将第一人称my改为第二人称yur，其他部分保持不变。故填Was；having。
11． N they weren’t
【详解】句意：吉姆和汤姆在操场上打篮球吗？根据题干要求，此句是一般疑问句，作否定回答用N；且主语“Jim and Tm”是复数，回答时用“they”代替；原句中be动词是were，否定回答也用were，后加nt，缩写为“weren’t”。故填N；they；weren’t。
12． What were ding
【详解】句意：昨晚八点半我打电话给我的好朋友。画线部分表示“昨晚8:30正在做的事情”；对“过去某刻正在做某事”提问需用过去进行时结构“What was/were ... ding”，主语是yu，be动词用were。故填What；were；ding。
13． was writing
【详解】句意：辛迪每周给她的父母写一封信。原句是一般现在时，用“at 4:30 pm last Friday”改写后，时态变为过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。主语是Cindy，be动词用was，write的现在分词是writing。故填was；writing。
14． wasn’t ding anything
【详解】句意：汤姆昨天这个时候正在做愉快的事情。根据“was ding”可知，本句是过去进行时，变否定只需在was后加nt，缩写为wasn’t。原句中的“ding”保持不变。“smething”用于肯定句，否定句中用“anything”。故填wasn’t；ding；anything。
15． When were
【详解】句意：暴风雨来的时候我正在看电视。划线部分at the time f the rainstrm表示“暴风雨来的时候”，是时间状语，应用when“什么时候”提问；原句为过去进行时，其疑问句需将be动词was提到主语前，且主语由I变为yu，be动词相应改为were。故填When；were。
16．D 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．B
【导语】本文主要回忆了作者经历地震的事情。
16．句意：地震发生时我正在睡觉。
ended结束；landed降落；cvered覆盖；started开始。根据“Suddenly I felt a slight shake”可知，地震是在作者睡梦中开始的。故选D。
17．句意：然后我听到一声像雷一样的巨响。
reprt报告；nise响声；shw节目；music音乐。根据“Sn the real nise came”可知，作者听到了响声。故选B。
18．句意：大地开始摇动。
cheer欢呼；beat击打；shake摇动；develp发展。根据“the nise and shaking ended”可知，大地摇动。故选C。
19．句意：人们感到害怕。
afraid害怕的；glad高兴的；famus有名的；excited兴奋的。根据“peple were running while pieces f glass were falling dwn.”可知，地震来了，人们感到害怕。故选A。
20．句意：然后墙也开始倒塌了！
islands岛屿；radis收音机；walls墙；umbrellas雨伞。根据“I tried t run ut, t, but I culd nt.”可知，是作者室内的墙开始倒塌。故选C。
21．句意：我周围一片安静。
beautiful漂亮的；bring无聊的；enugh足够的；quiet安静的。根据“Finally, the nise and shaking ended.”可知，地震停下后，作者被埋在废墟下，一片安静。故选D。
22．句意：我什么也看不见，也不知道附近是否还有其他人。
keep保持；warn警告；knw知道，了解；write写。根据“I culd nt see anything at all”可知，四周很黑，不知道是否还有其他人。故选C。
23．句意：我很害怕，但我努力保持镇静。
calm镇静的；huge大的；harmful有害的；shy害羞的。根据“I was afraid, but”可知，此处与前面害怕的情绪形成对比，是镇静的。故选A。
24．句意：我大喊救命，但没人来。
and并且，表并列；s所以，表结果；but但是，表转折；r或者，表选择。根据“Then I pulled myself slwly thrugh the dark. Luckily, there was enugh space fr me t mve.”可知，作者喊了救命，没人来帮忙，只能自己想办法。前后表示转折关系。故选C。
25．句意：几个小时后，当我正尝试要出去时，突然听到头顶上有一些声音。
hardly几乎不；suddenly突然地；usually通常地；ludly大声地。根据“I shuted fr help, but n ne came”和“as I was trying t g ut”可知，作者呼救很久都没有人，这个声音是突然出现的。故选B。
26．was lying 27．excited 28．t rest 29．brken 30．against 31．matches 32．until 33．the 34．decisin 35．Althugh/Thugh
【导语】本文讲述了一场暴风雨来临时Ben一家各自的活动以及灾后他们决定帮助邻居重建家园的故事。
26．句意：当暴风雨来临时，Ben正在擦窗户，而他的妹妹Alice正躺在床上。根据“When it came”可知用过去进行时，故填was lying。
27．句意：她在学校篮球比赛中因太兴奋而伤了左腿。修饰人用excited，故填excited。
28．句意：医生建议她休息。advise sb. t d sth. 为固定搭配，故填t rest。
29．句意：因为自行车坏了，他们的父亲在修理它。表示状态用过去分词brken，故填brken。
30．句意：雨开始猛烈地拍打房屋。beat against 表示“拍打”，故填against。
31．句意：Ben为他们提供了一些火柴和蜡烛。match 是可数名词，根据sme可知用复数，故填matches。
32．句意：所有人一直等到电力恢复。wait until 表示“直到……”，故填until。
33．句意：倒塌的房屋和树木让我们想起这场暴雨。特指前文提到的暴雨，故填the。
34．句意：Ben和家人决定帮助人们重建家园。make a decisin 为固定短语，故填decisin。
35．句意：尽管暴风雨摧毁了许多东西，但它让家人和邻居更紧密地团结在一起。根据“ strm brke many things apart, it brught families and neighbrs clser tgether.”可知空处引导让步状语从句，故填Althugh/Thugh。
36．B 37．D 38．D 39．D 40．C
【导语】本文一篇记叙文。文章通过连续几天的日记，讲述了一场风暴导致停电、天气寒冷，作者一家在缺电、物资不足的情况下的生活状态，最终风暴停止、电力恢复，展现了在自然灾害影响下普通家庭的生活经历与情绪变化。
36．细节理解题。根据“Wednesday, Jan. 7, 7:30. a.m. | After I lked ut f the windw, I felt even sadder: it was still raining heavily.”可知，作者看到天仍然在下雨，感到伤心。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“Friday, Jan. 9, 6:00 p.m. | Even thugh we lit a few candles, it was still difficult t d anything in their weak light.”可知，作者之所以说在暴风雨期间做任何事都很困难，是因为蜡烛光线太弱。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“Saturday, Jan. 10, 1:00 p.m. | I nly bught the mst necessary things: bread, sme fruit, mre drinking water and batteries fr the flashlight.”可知，作者没有买报纸。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“Saturday, Jan. 10, 1:00 p.m. | The strm stpped this mrning”可知，暴风雨是从星期二晚上开始，到星期六早上停止，持续时间超过三天。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据“We were sitting arund the table and talking. Everything was peaceful.”可知，停电前，一家人平静交谈，b排第一；根据“Suddenly, the light went n and ff a few times and then went ut cmpletely.”可知，灯光闪烁并完全熄灭，d排第二；再根据“I had truble reading. Even thugh we lit a few candles, it was still difficult t d anything in their weak light.”可知，停电多日后，因无电、烛光弱，阅读困难，a排第三；根据“I drve my car t lk fr an pen stre... I nly bught the mst necessary things: bread, sme fruit...”可知，停电后期，外出采购必需品，c排第四。事件发展顺序为：b-d-a-c。故选C。
41．Hw 42．enter 43．gd 44．able 45．Places
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了洪水的发生原因、洪水并非全是负面影响、洪水加剧的原因以及最危险的山洪及其相关情况。
41．根据“Mst ften flding is caused by heavy rains ver a lng time. ... Because f the extra water flwing int the streams and rivers, their water level (水位) rises. If the level rises s much that the water verflws the banks, a fld happens.”可知，该部分主要讲述了洪水是如何发生的，hw“如何”，表方式，符合语境，首字母大写。故填Hw。
42．根据“After a lt f rain, the grund becmes full f water, and new rainwater runs ff r flws dwnhill. That runff ges directly int streams and rivers.”可知，暴雨产生的径流会流入小溪和河流，因此空格处需表示“进入或流入”，enter“进入”符合语境，make sb/sth d sth“使某人/物做某事”，因此用动词原形。故填enter。
43．根据“Hwever, flds are nt always bad. When muddy fldwaters g dwn, they smetimes leave a layer (层) f wet earth. Peple in ancient Egypt depended n the flding f the Nile River every year t help them grw their crps, like rice and crn.”可知，本段主要讲述了洪水好的方面，gd side“好的一面”，符合语境。故填gd。
44．根据“In general, land with little vegetatin has fewer abilities t absrb (吸收) water.”可知，植被少的土地吸收水分的能力较差，“has fewer abilities”表示“有更少的能力”，be able t“能够”，固定短语，be less able t d sth意为“更没能力做某事”，与原文表达的含义一致。故填able。
45．根据“Flash flds ften happen in hilly cuntries r arund dry riverbeds.”可知，此处列举的是暴洪发生的地点，place“地方”符合语境，此处指多个地点，需用复数形式places，首字母大写。故填Places。