初中英语外研版（2024）八年级上册（2024）Understanding ideas精品同步练习题

这是一份初中英语外研版（2024）八年级上册（2024）Understanding ideas精品同步练习题，共12页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，单词拼写，完形填空，短文填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、单项选择。
1．Walk ________ ahead and yu’ll find the bus stp at the crner f the street.
A．straightB．almstC．seldmD．carefully
2．The news abut the new AI breakthrugh (重大突破) is ________. It will change the way we think abut science.
A．sreB．nervusC．shckingD．festive
3．Please ________ the gate behind yu t keep the garden safe frm wild animals.
A．penB．shutC．breakD．clean
4．The child was s ________ that he held tightly (紧紧地) t his mther’s hand when they came int the huse.
A．silentB．scaredC．seriusD．strict
5．The yung man refused ________ the questin.
A．answerB．t answerC．answeringD．answered
6．The air ________ smke, s it’s difficult fr peple t breathe.
A．is busy withB．is thick with
C．is ppular withD．is gd with
7．When I ________, my mbile phne rang.
A．wrkB．am wrkingC．wrkedD．was wrking
二、单词拼写。
8．G s alng that rad and yu’ll find the market.
9．The little girl was s when she saw the big dg running twards her.
10．—Is yur art rm n the g flr?
—Yes, that’s right.
11．I was s scared that I s my eyes. I was afraid f pening my eyes.
12．The frest is cvered with (浓密的) fg (雾) in the early mrning.
13．It is amazing that birds wuld take a (沙子) bath n the grund t stay clean and drive away parasites (寄生虫).
14．When it rains heavily, the river can (淹没) many huses.
15．The radi says there will be a (阵雨) this afternn, s dn’t frget yur umbrella.
三、完形填空。
The fld (洪水) in Henan in 2021 made peple acrss the cuntry nervus. 16 , the rescue (救援) frces went t Henan right away. This rescue shws the pwer (力量) f China’s science and technlgy.
Fr the peple in Henan, cmmunicatin is mre imprtant than anything else. When a persn is in danger, text 17 are nt just messages, but the hpe f life.
Cmmunicatins were cut fr mre than 12 hurs because heavy rain and fld came suddenly. When the peple lst tuch with the 18 wrld, yu can imagine the fear in their heart. “Wh can cme t ur rescue? When can we be ut f danger?” Their fear 19 when the Wing Lng-2H UAV appeared with its great pwer. 20 culd receive text messages right nw. This is certainly 21 encuragement t them.
The Wing Lng-2H UAV tk ff frm Anshun, Guizhu Prvince, and flew t Mihe, Gngyi in Henan Prvince. There are abut 1,300 kilmeters 22 the tw places. After flying fr 4.5 hurs, at 6:21 p.m. n Wednesday, it successfully arrived in Mihe, ne f the mst seriusly flded (被淹没的) areas in Henan Prvince, and started t 23 stable (稳定的) and cntinuus mbile signals (手机信号), 24 an area f abut 50 square kilmeters.
In this 25 , althugh the Wing Lng-2H UAV appeared fr the first time, it made a big difference.
16．A．EspeciallyB．LuckilyC．ActuallyD．Typically
17．A．messagesB．infrmatinC．passageD．sign
18．A．utsideB．insideC．scialD．peaceful
19．A．went ffB．went utC．went awayD．gave away
20．A．ItB．HeC．WeD．They
21．A．educatinalB．physicalC．pssibleD．great
22．A．amngB．betweenC．alngD．in
23．A．createB．prvideC．develpD．make
24．A．cveringB．passingC．includingD．shting
25．A．activityB．eventC．accidentD．rescue
四、短文填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ben culd hear strng winds utside his hme in Alabama. Black cluds were making the sky very dark. With n light utside, it felt like midnight. The news n TV reprted that there wuld be 26 heavy rainstrm in the area.
Everyne in the neighbrhd was busy. Ben’s dad was putting pieces f wd ver the windws while his mm was making sure bth the flashlights 27 radi were wrking. She als put sme candles and 28 (match) n the table.
Ben 29 (help) his mm make dinner when the rain began t beat heavily against the windws. After dinner, they decided 30 (play) a card game, but it was hard t have fun with a terrible strm happening utside.
31 the beginning, Ben culd nt sleep at all. At last, he fell 32 (sleep) when the wind was dying dwn at arund 3:00 a.m. When he wke up, the sun was up. He went utside with 33 (he) family and fund that many fallen trees, brken windws and rubbish were everywhere arund the neighbrhd. 34 (luck), with the help f many peple, the neighbrhd became clean and tidy sn. And Ben als jined them t clean up the neighbrhd tgether. The strm brke many things apart, but it brught families and neighbrs 35 (clse) tgether than befre.
五、阅读理解。
A big sandstrm hit nrthern China years ag. It cvered many cities with thick cluds f yellw dust.
The strm, which came frm Mnglia, was the largest sandstrm in China in the past 10 years. Many flights and classes were cancelled (取消) because the visibility (能见度) was lwer than 500 metres.
The strm was the result f warm and dry weather in the area, tgether with the strng winds frm Mnglia. “There has been little rainfall s far this spring and the temperature is rising. S nw it is a wrrying time fr sandstrms,” said an expert frm Beijing.
In recent years, sandstrms haven’t been as cmmn in nrthern China as befre. The land with desertificatin (沙漠化) has been decreasing by 7,585 km² per year in China, and the area f sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km² a year. This is thanks t China’s Three Nrth Shelter Frest Prgram (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s. Millins f trees have been planted in nrthern China t prevent sandstrms and prtect the envirnment.
Besides, China has a clur-graded weather warning system fr sandstrms, with red meaning the mst serius, fllwed by range and yellw. Therefre, peple wuld have time t get prepared fr the sandstrms.
36．What caused the sandstrm frm Mnglia?
A．Cld and wet weather tgether with the strng winds.
B．Warm, dry weather and the strng winds.
C．Heavy rainfall and strng winds.
D．High humidity (湿度) and the strng winds.
37．The underlined wrd “decreasing” means “________”.
A．risingB．remainingC．fallingD．wasting
38．When did TNSFP start?
A．In the 1960s.B．In the 1970s.C．In the 1980s.D．In the 1990s.
39．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．We have taken actin t prevent sandstrms.
B．Sandstrms have becme mre frequent in recent years.
C．The weather warning system is nt effective.
D．Peple are nt aware f the sandstrm danger.
六、任务型阅读。
Playgrunds ffer kids fresh air and exercise. Hwever, each year, mre than 200,000 kids g t hspital because they are hurt in ne way r anther when playing in the playgrunds. S what can we d t imprve the situatin?
We shuld make sure the playgrund is safe fr the children. It shuld be sft and thick enugh, s when the children fall, they wn’t hurt t much. Things like water, rcks r brken glass might cause danger t the kids. Cleaners shuld check the playgrund frm time t time and clear away these dangerus things. In fact, children als need t help keep the playgrund clean and safe. That means each time after playing, they shuld pick up the rubbish (垃圾) they’ve prduced. If smene finds there is smething wrng with the facilities (设施), he r she shuld reprt t the keeper f the playgrund, s peple will cme t fix it.
Teaching kids hw t play safely is als very imprtant. If they knw the rules f the playgrund, they wn’t get hurt easily. Fr example, they shuld never push when thers are n seesaws r swings. If smene is ging t jump ff sme equipment, he r she shuld first lk dwn t make sure n ther kids are in the way. Of curse, maybe it is als helpful t wear the right clthes. Clthes with strings (绳) can get caught n equipment which may hurt the kid badly.
In shrt, ur kids can bth enjy themselves and be safe if we are wrking tgether t imprve the situatin.
根据短文内容，完成下列句子 （每空一词）。
40．Playgrunds fresh air and exercise t kids. Hwever, ver thusand kids are hurt every year while playing in the playgrunds.
41．If the playgrund is and enugh, the children wn’t hurt t much when they fall.
42．Children shuld the rubbish they’ve prduced after playing.
43．Teachers shuld teach children t play in a way in the playgrund. Wearing the right may als be f sme help t keep safe.
44．If we wrk tgether t the situatin, kids can nt nly themselves but als be safe.
参考答案
1．A
【详解】句意：一直往前走，你会在街角找到公交车站。
考查副词辨析。straight笔直地；almst几乎；seldm很少；carefully小心地。本句强调方向，walk straight ahead为固定表达，表示“一直往前走”，故选A。
2．C
【详解】句意：关于这项新AI重大突破的新闻令人震惊。它将改变我们对科学的看法。
考查形容词辨析。sre疼痛的；nervus紧张的；shcking令人震惊的；festive节日的。根据“It will change the way we think abut science.”可推知，新闻具有重大影响，令人震惊。故选C。
3．B
【详解】句意：请关上你身后的门，以保护花园免受野生动物的侵害。
考查动词辨析。pen打开；shut关闭；break打破；clean清理。根据“the gate behind yu t keep the garden safe frm wild animals.”可知，为了保护花园安全，需要关闭门防止动物进入，故选B。
4．B
【详解】句意：当他们进屋时，孩子非常害怕，紧紧地抓着母亲的手。
考查形容词辨析。silent沉默的；scared惊恐的；serius严肃的；strict严厉的。根据“that he held tightly (紧紧地) t his mther’s hand when they came int the huse.”可知，孩子很害怕。故选B。
5．B
【详解】句意：这个年轻人拒绝回答问题。
考查非谓语动词。refuse t d sth.“拒绝做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里需要用动词不定式t answer。故选B。
6．B
【详解】句意：空气里弥漫着烟雾，所以人们很难呼吸。
考查形容词短语辨析。is busy with忙于……；is thick with充满，弥漫着；is ppular with受……欢迎；is gd with善于应付……，和……相处得好。根据下文“it’s difficult fr peple t breathe”可知，人们很难呼吸，所以此处是指空气里充满烟雾，应用“is thick with”。故选B。
7．D
【详解】句意：当我正在工作时，我的手机响了。
考查动词时态。wrk为一般现在时；am wrking为现在进行时；wrked为一般过去时；was wrking为过去进行时。主句“my mbile phne rang”为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；从句描述主句动作发生时的背景，应用过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作。故选D。
8．(s)traight
【详解】句意：沿着那条路一直走，你就会找到市场。根据“G…and yu’ll find the market”和首字母提示可知，此处指沿着那条路一直走，straight作副词时表示“径直地”，g straight是固定搭配，符合语境，故填(s)traight。
9．(s)cared
【详解】句意：当小女孩看到大狗向她跑来时，她很害怕。根据空格后“when she saw the big dg running twards her.”，结合首字母提示可知，此处指的是小女孩是害怕的，又根据该句主语是The little girl，结合空格前“was”可知，此处应该填入形容词，作表语，scared，形容词，修饰人，意为“害怕的”符合语境。故填(s)cared。
10．(g)rund
【详解】句意：——你的艺术室在底楼吗？——是的，没错。根据“Is yur art rm n the…flr?”及首字母可知，此处是指底楼，为固定搭配grund flr“底楼”。故填(g)rund。
11．(s)hut
【详解】句意：我吓得闭上了眼睛。我害怕睁开眼睛。根据“I was afraid f pening my eyes.”可知是害怕睁开眼睛，所以是闭上了眼睛，shut“关闭”，根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(s)hut。
12．thick
【详解】句意：清晨，森林被浓雾笼罩。根据句意及中文提示“浓密的”，可知此处需填形容词来修饰名词fg，thick为形容词，意为“浓密的，厚的”，符合句意。故填thick。
13．sand
【详解】句意：鸟儿会在地上洗沙浴来保持清洁并驱赶寄生虫，这太神奇了。根据汉语提示，“沙子”sand，是不可数名词，“take a sand bath”意为“洗沙浴”，符合语境。故填sand。
14．fld
【详解】句意：下大雨时，河水会淹没许多房屋。考查情态动词后加动词原形。根据汉语提示，淹没的英语为“fld”，动词；空前有情态动词can，后加动词原形，故填fld。
15．shwer
【详解】句意：广播说今天下午有阵雨，所以别忘了带伞。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查shwer“阵雨”，名词；空前有不定冠词“a”，这里应用名词单数形式。故填shwer。
16．B 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．D 21．D 22．B 23．B 24．A 25．D
【导语】本文讲述了在2021年夏天，突如其来的暴雨和洪水致使河南省重灾区的通讯中断了12个多小时。翼龙-2H无人机飞往河南省郑州市巩义市米河镇，在救援的关键时刻发挥了重要作用。
16．句意：幸运的是，救援部队立刻赶往了河南。
Especially尤其；Luckily幸运的是；Actually实际上；Typically典型地。根据“the rescue (救援) frces went t Henan right away.”可知，救援部队立即去河南实施救援，所以是幸运的。故选B。
17．句意：当一个人处于危险之中时，短信不仅仅是信息，更是生命的希望。
messages信息（可数名词复数）；infrmatin信息（不可数名词）；passage段落；sign标志。根据“nt just messages”可知，此处是text messages“短信”。故选A。
18．句意：当人们与外界失去联系时，你可以想象他们内心的恐惧。
utside外边的；inside里面的；scial社会的；peaceful宁静的。根据上文“Cmmunicatins were cut fr mre than 12 hurs”可知，人们与外界失去联系。故选A。
19．句意：当翼龙-2H无人机凭借其强大的能力出现时，他们的恐惧消失了。
went ff发出巨响；went ut外出；went away消失；gave away赠送。根据“Their the Wing Lng-2H UAV appeared with its great pwer.”可知，翼龙-2H无人机的出现使他们内心的恐惧消失了。故选C。
20．句意：他们现在可以接收短信了。
It它；He他；We我们；They他们。根据上文“Cmmunicatins were cut fr mre than 12 hurs because heavy rain and fld came suddenly. When the peple lst tuch can imagine the fear in their heart.”可知，此处指被困于洪水中且与外界失联的人们，用they来指代。故选D。
21．句意：这无疑是对他们极大的鼓励。
educatinal有教育意义的；physical物质的；pssible可能的；great极大的。根据上下文可知，通讯中断了12多个小时后人们终于又收到了信息，这对他们来说无疑是极大的鼓励。故选D。
22．句意：两地之间大约有1300公里。
amng在……当中（三者或以上）；between在……之间（两者）；alng沿着；in在……里面。根据“the tw places”可知，此处指两地之间，用between。故选B。
23．句意：开始提供稳定且持续的手机信号。
create创造；prvide提供；develp发展；make制作。根据“ (稳定的) and cntinuus mbile signals (手机信号)”可知，此处指提供稳定且持续的手机信号。故选B。
24．句意：覆盖面积约50平方公里。
cvering 覆盖；passing经过；including包括；shting射击。根据“ (稳定的) and cntinuus mbile signals (手机信号), area f abut 50 square kilmeters.”可知，此处指信号覆盖的范围。故选A。
25．句意：在这次救援中，尽管翼龙-2H无人机是首次亮相，却发挥了重要作用。
activity活动；event事件；accident事故；rescue救援。根据“This rescue shws the pwer (力量) f China’s science and technlgy.”可知，此处指在这次救援行动中。故选D。
26．a 27．and 28．matches 29．was helping 30．t play 31．At 32．asleep 33．his 34．Luckily 35．clser
【导语】本文讲述了Ben和他的家人在一场暴雨中的经历。
26．句意：电视新闻报道该地区将有一场暴雨。表示泛指要用不定冠词，heavy以辅音音素开头，故填a。
27．句意：Ben的妈妈在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。bth…and…“两个都……”所缺的词是and。故填and。
28．句意：她还在桌上放了一些蜡烛和火柴。match“火柴”是可数名词，根据设空处前的sme可知，要填match的复数形式。故填matches。
29．句意：雨开始猛烈敲打窗户时，Ben正在帮妈妈做晚饭。根据上下文可知，当雨开始猛烈敲打窗户时，Ben正在帮妈妈做晚饭，主句要用过去进行时，主语是Ben，故填was helping。
30．句意：晚饭后，他们决定玩纸牌游戏，但外面的暴风雨让人很难开心起来。decide t d sth.意为“决定做某事”，t play符合题意。故填t play。
31．句意：一开始，Ben完全睡不着。at the beginning 意为“起初”，句首单词的首字母要大写，所缺的词是At。故填At。
32．句意：凌晨3点左右风渐弱时，他终于睡着了。fall asleep意为“入睡；睡着”，所缺的词是asleep。故填asleep。
33．句意：他和家人一起出门，发现社区到处都是倒下的树、破碎的窗户和垃圾。根据上下文可知，他和他的家人一起出去了，修饰名词family要用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
34．句意：幸运的是，在大家的帮助下，社区很快恢复了干净整洁。根据上下文可知，幸运的是，在许多人帮助下社区变得干净和整洁了。修饰整个句子要用副词，且句首单词的首字母要大写，所缺的词是Luckily。故填Luckily。
35．句意：暴风雨摧毁了许多东西，但也让家人和邻居们比以前更团结了。根据设空处后的than befre可知，此处要用比较级，clser符合题意。故填clser。
36．B 37．C 38．B 39．A
【导语】本文介绍了中国北方遭遇的严重沙尘暴及其成因，并说明通过三北防护林等生态工程和预警系统，中国在防治沙尘暴方面取得了显著成效。
36．细节理解题。根据“The strm was the result f warm and dry weather in the area, tgether with the strng winds frm Mnglia.”可知，沙尘暴是由温暖干燥的天气和蒙古的强风共同引起的。故选B。
37．词句猜测题。根据“The land with desertificatin (沙漠化) has been decreasing by 7,585 km² per year in China, and the area f sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km² a year.”可知，中国沙漠化土地每年减少7585平方公里，沙地面积每年减少1284平方公里。decreasing此处表示“减少”，与falling意思相接近。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“This is thanks t China’s Three Nrth Shelter Frest Prgram (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s.”可知，TNSFP三北防护林工程始于20世纪70年代。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据“Millins f trees have been planted in nrthern China t prevent sandstrms and prtect the envirnment.”可知，为了防止沙尘暴和保护环境，中国北方种植了数百万棵树。由此可知“我们”已经采取了措施来防止沙尘暴。故选A。
40． ffer 200 41． sft thick 42． pick up 43． safe clthes 44． imprve enjy
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何通过改善游乐场设施安全、保持环境清洁以及教育孩子安全玩耍规则来减少儿童受伤事故。
40．根据第一段“Playgrunds ffer kids fresh air and exercise. Hwever, each year, mre than 200,000 kids g t hspital...”可知，游乐场为孩子们提供新鲜空气和锻炼，然而每年有超过20万儿童因玩耍受伤送医。ffer sth. t sb.意为“为某人提供某物”，全文采用一般现在时，主语“Playgrunds”表示复数，所以第一空应填动词ffer的原形；mre than 200,000相当于ver 200 thusand，所以第二空应填200。故填ffer；200。
41．根据第二段“It shuld be sft and thick enugh, s when the children fall, they wn’t hurt t much.”可知，如果操场够软够厚，孩子们摔下来也不会太疼。故填sft；thick。
42．根据第二段“each time after playing, they shuld pick up the rubbish (垃圾) they’ve prduced”可知，孩子们应该在玩耍后捡起他们产生的垃圾。故填pick；up。
43．根据第三段“Teaching kids hw t play safely is als very imprtant”可知，老师应该教孩子们在操场上安全玩耍。第一空后的“way”是名词，所以第一空应填形容词safe“安全的”，用于修饰名词。根据第三段“maybe it is als helpful t wear the right clthes”可知，穿着合适的衣服也可能有助于保持安全。故填safe；clthes。
44．根据最后一段“ur kids can bth enjy themselves and be safe if we are wrking tgether t imprve the situatin”可知，如果我们一起努力改善这种情况，孩子们不仅可以玩得开心，还可以保证安全。故填imprve；enjy。