高考英语一轮复习讲义练习Unit 1　Back to school

这是一份高考英语一轮复习讲义练习Unit 1　Back to school，共10页。
ptential /pə'tenʃl/ n. 潜力；可能性
adj. 潜在的，可能的
① achieve/reach/realize ne's ptential发挥某人的潜能
the ptential fr (ding) sth. (做)某事的可能性
have the ptential t d sth. 有做某事的潜力
② a ptential disaster 可能发生的灾害
ptential resurces/custmers潜在的资源/顾客
③ ptentially adv. 潜在地，可能地
【写作金句】 [译林必修一U1P3]Senir high schl will help yu learn and grw, yet yu alne are respnsible fr realizing yur great ptential.
高中将帮助你学习和成长，但你自己有责任发挥你的巨大潜力。(建议信)
acquire /ə'kwaɪə(r)/ vt. 获得，得到
① acquire a knwledge f 获得……的知识
acquire a habit f 养成……的习惯
② acquisitin n. 获得，得到
【写作金句】 [人教选必四U5P58]Remember, the knwledge yu acquire and the diligent attitude yu develp in high schl will be invaluable in the real wrld. 记住，你在高中学到的知识和培养的勤奋态度在现实世界中将是无价的。(建议信)
amazing /ə'meɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的
① amaze vt. 使惊奇；使惊诧
② amazed adj. 吃惊的，感到惊奇的
be amazed at sth. 对……感到惊奇
be amazed t d sth. 对做某事感到很惊奇
③ amazement n. 惊奇；惊愕；惊诧
in amazement 惊愕地
t ne's amazement 使某人大为惊奇的是
【写作金句】 [人教必修一U2P30改]It's amazing that/What amazes us is that/What makes us amazed is that there are mre than 8,000 statues, and n ne in mdern times knew abut them until the 1970s. 令人惊讶的是/使我们惊讶的是，这里有8 000多尊雕像，直到20世纪70年代才有人知道它们。(中国传统文化)
【易错提醒】
① 以-ing结尾且表示心理状态的形容词，一般用来修饰事物，意为“令人……的”，如exciting、mving、surprising、tiring、bring、pleasing、wrrying、frightening等。
② 以-ed结尾且表示心理状态的形容词常用来修饰人，表示人的心理状态，意为“感到……的”；也可以修饰lk/expressin(表情)、smile、vice等，如excited、surprised、tired、bred、pleased、wrried、frightened等。
make a difference 起作用，有影响
① make a big difference t...对……有很大的作用/影响
make sme/n/little difference (t...) (对……)有一些/没有/没什么作用或影响
tell the difference () 辨别/区分(……与……)的不同
② different adj. 不同的
be different 与……在……方面不同
③ differ vi. 不同于；意见相左
differ frm 不同于
differ in 在……方面不同
【写作金句】 [译林选必四U1P12]Hwever, the by was nt discuraged, believing that he culd make a difference t the nes that he saved. As a result, the passers-by felt inspired and jined him in saving the starfish. 然而，小男孩并没有气馁，相信自己能影响那些被他救起的海星。结果，路人受到鼓舞并与他一起拯救海星。(情感描写)
equal /'iːkwəl/ adj. 相等的；平等的；能胜任的
n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt. 比得上
① be equal t 相等；能胜任
② have n equal＝be withut equal 无与伦比
③ equal sb. in 在……方面比得上某人
④ equally adv. 相等地；平等地；同样
⑤ equality n. 平等；相等
【写作金句】 [译林选必四U3P39]It's equally imprtant t analyse yur weaknesses and have a plan in mind t shw hw yu intend t vercme them. 同样重要的是，你要分析自己的弱点，并在脑海中制订一个计划，表明你打算如何克服它们。(建议信)
【联想发散】 表示“能胜任”的短语还有be fit fr、be qualified fr等。
She is equal t the task.＝ She is fit/qualified fr the task. 她能胜任这项工作。
balance /'bæləns/ vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力
① keep/lse (ne's) balance 保持/失去平衡
keep the balance (between A and B) 保持(A和B之间的)平衡
② 比较(两个相对的事物)；权衡重要性
③ balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
a balanced diet 均衡饮食
【写作金句】 [译林必修一U4P45改]She pints ut that it is imprtant t have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still grwing and their bdies need a lt f nutritin t functin well.
她指出，健康均衡的饮食很重要，因为青少年仍在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能正常运转。(告知信)
respnsible /rɪ'spɒnsəbl/ adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的；作为原因，成为起因
① be respnsible fr 对……负责；导致
② respnsibility n. 责任；义务
take respnsibility fr 对……负责
take n respnsibility 承担责任
It is ne's respnsibility t d sth. 做某事是某人的责任。
③ irrespnsible adj. 不负责任的；不可靠的
【写作金句】 [外研选必二U1P3]Instead f being the selfish teenager I used t be, I have begun t feel mre aware f ther peple and t develp a strnger sense f scial respnsibility. 我不再是以前那个自私的少年了，我开始更加关注他人，并培养更强的社会责任感。(个人情况)
fcus /'fəʊkəs/ n. 焦点，重点；(眼睛或镜头的)焦距 vt. & vi. 集中(注意力、精力等于)；聚焦(于) vt. 集中(光束于)
① fcus n/upn 集中于
fcus ne's attentin/eyes/energy n 集中注意力/目光/精力于……
② the fcus f ……的焦点/中心
the fcus f attentin 关注的焦点
③ fcused adj. 注意力集中的
【写作金句】 [人教必修一U1P18]But spending t much time nline is unhealthy and makes it very difficult t fcus n ther things in life. 但是花太多时间上网是不健康的，而且会让你很难把注意力集中在生活中的其他事情上。(建议信)
【联想发散】 表示“集中(注意力、精力等于)”的短语还有pay attentin t、put ne's heart int、fix ne's attentin n、cncentrate ne's attentin n等。
base /beɪs/ vt. 以……为基础(依据)
n. 根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营
① 以……为基础(或根据)
be based n 以……为基础(或根据)
② basic adj. 基本的；基础的
③ basically adv. 基本上，从根本上说
④ basis n. 基础；原因
n a daily/weekly basis 按每天/每周一次的标准
n a regular/permanent basis以定期/永久的方式
n the basis f根据……
【写作金句】 [译林必修一U1P7]Dn't push yurself t achieve mre than what is pssible. Instead, yu shuld set gals based n yur abilities and skills. 不要强迫自己完成超出可能的事情。相反，你应该根据自己的能力和技能设定目标。(建议信)
remind /rɪ'maɪnd/ vt. 提醒，使想起
① remind sb. f sb./sth. 使某人想起……
remind sb. t d sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that从句 提醒某人……
② reminder n. 提醒人的事物
【写作金句】 [外研选必四U4P58]Parents and teachers keep reminding us t share tys, snacks, bks, happy memries, and smetimes even srrws with thers. 父母和老师不断提醒我们与他人分享玩具、点心、书籍、快乐的回忆，有时甚至是悲伤。(人际关系)
aim /eɪm/ n. 目的，目标
vi. & vt. 力争做到；目的是；针对
① achieve ne's aim 达到目的；实现目标
with the aim f 以……为目标；为了……
② aim t d sth. 力求做某事
be aimed at ding sth. 旨在做某事
aim fr 以……为目标
③ aimless adj. 无目标的
【写作金句】 [译林选必四U1P11]This means meeting deadlines fr yur schlwrk, fllwing yur teachers' guidance, and f curse, always aiming fr academic excellence. 这意味着要在截止日期前完成作业，听从老师的指导，当然，要始终以优异的成绩为目标。(学校生活)
exchange /ɪks'tʃeɪndʒ/ n. & vt. 交换；交流；兑换
① an exchange student 交换生
cultural exchanges 文化交流
in exchange (fr) 作为交换
② exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物
exchange sth. fr sth. 用某物交换某物
【写作金句】 It was thrugh the cultural exchange activity that we exchanged views with each ther n culture shck. 通过这次文化交流活动，我们就文化冲击彼此交流了看法。(告知信)
attract /ə'trækt/ vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)
① attract ne's attentin 吸引某人的注意力
② attractin n. [U] 吸引；[C] 有吸引力的事；向往的地方
a turist attractin 旅游景点
③ attractive adj. 吸引人的；令人愉快的
be attractive t sb. 对某人有吸引力
【写作金句】 [人教必修一U1P18] It is nt unusual fr teenagers f yur generatin t be attracted t cmputer games and the nline wrld. 对于你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不罕见。(建议信)
[后练习])
考点1 ptential的相关用法
① [外研选必三U6P92]Persnally, I enjy Carsn's bk. She made a crucial but (ptential) difficult-t-understand subject interesting and accessible t millins f peple.
② [译林选必二U4P54]Fr example, 5G technlgy, with its ptential (serve) up mre stable mbile cnnectivity at faster speed, will make it pssible fr peple t enjy a mre immersive VR experience wherever they are.
③ [写作迁移·译林必修一U1P3]要想全面发挥你的潜能，充分利用我们学校的资源是很重要的。


考点2 acquire的相关用法
① [译林必修三U4P44]She cmpleted further training curses in traditinal Chinese medicine, (acquire) a brad knwledge f bth traditinal Chinese medicine and Western medicine.
② It tk him a lng time (acquire) the skills he needed t becme a gd dancer.
③ [写作迁移·译林选必四U3P31]为了更好地适应新环境，我们必须准备好并愿意学习新技能。


考点3 amazing的相关用法
① [外研选必一U5P76]Mst surprisingly f all, plants have an (amaze) system f cmmunicatin that can link nearly every plant in a frest.
② [人教必修一U2P26]After reaching yur destinatin, yu will have a day t explre and be (amaze) by this ancient city.
③ [写作迁移·北师必修一U2P40]观众对他表现出的体育精神感到惊讶，并为自行车手们欢呼鼓掌。
his shw f sprtsmanship and .
考点4 make a difference及其拓展短语的相关用法
① [译林必修一U1P3]The pssibilities are endless, and I have cnfidence in yur ability t (对……有影响) yur family, t yur cmmunity and t ur cuntry.
② [外研必修一U2P24改]American English (与……不同) British English in several ways, mstly in spelling and vcabulary.
③ Althugh they are bth talented musicians, they their preferred genres f music and perfrmance styles.
④ [写作迁移·2024天津卷]我们日常生活中的小改变可以带来难以置信的巨大变化。


考点5 equal的相关用法
① [人教必修二U2P20]When it cmes t wildlife prtectin, all species—the gd, the bad, and the ugly—shuld be treated (equal).
② [外研选必二U4P58]Nw it was up t the living t remve nt nly the divisins between Nrth and Suth, but the bundaries between black and white, and wrk step by step twards the (equal) f humankind.
③ [写作迁移·译林选必四U2P17]你的肢体语言同样重要，因为它透露了很多你的想法和态度。
since it reveals a lt abut yur thughts and attitudes.
考点6 balance的相关用法
① [译林选必三U2P17]Furthermre, t keep ur bdy healthy, we must ensure a (balance) supply f nutrients by taking pills.
② [译林必修一U1P3]Carefully plan yur study, set clear gals and balance yur schlwrk ther activities.
③ [写作迁移·人教必修二U1P4] 在文化遗址的进步和保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。


考点7 respnsible的相关用法
① [外研选必三U2P24]Spending years apart frm his family and enduring the extreme cnditins f the Gbi desert, he refused t back dwn frm his (respnsible) and kept n cnducting scientific research.
② [人教选必四U4P41]As a vlunteer, yu will be respnsible rganizing lectures, preparing psters, and visiting schls and families.
③ [写作迁移·译林选必三U4P45]我们都有共同的责任来保护和保存它们，不仅是为了我们自己，也是为了子孙后代。
We all share a jint .
考点8 fcus的相关用法
① [外研选必三U2P20]This lack f self-interest and prmtin kept Cunningham (fcus) n his craft, enabling him t capture New Yrk's unique street style.
② [外研选必三U5P75]Fr tw years, tw mnths and tw days, he lived in a cttage in the frest n the edge f Walden Pnd, (fcus) n himself and his writing.
③ [写作迁移·译林选必四U2P28]看一部关于跨文化交流的电影，看看人们是如何更好地相互理解的。
t see hw peple wrk twards understanding each ther better.
考点9 base的相关用法
① [译林选必二U1P3]Even if news reprts are written frm (base) the same perspective, they may cntradict each ther in terms f factual details, as events in the real wrld are usually cmplicated and cnstantly changing.
② [人教必修三U4P37]Mystery creates wnder and wnder is the (base) f man's desire t understand.
③ [写作迁移·人教选必一U1P10] 然而，他的影响力不是基于他的执政时间，而是他为一个更好的社会而不断奋斗和他对所有中国人民的关心。
Hwever, his time in ffice, but n his cntinuus struggle fr a better sciety and his cncern fr all Chinese peple.
考点10 remind的相关用法
① (remind) nt t drive after drinking, sme drivers are still trying their luck, which is dangerus.
② [译林选必三U4P50]The incredible splendur f heritage sites is a (remind) f the pwer f nature and the genius f man.
③ [写作迁移·2024新高考Ⅰ卷]这张照片今天还放在我的桌子上，它提醒我要相信别人，给予别人善意。


考点11 aim的相关用法
① This activity is aimed imprving students' listening and speaking abilities.
② The prject aims (get) kids t a stage called “deep reading”， where they can read t learn.
③ He started his wn business the aim f becming financially independent.
④ [写作迁移·外研必修一U3P44改]在那一刻，他不再是一个追求奖牌的运动员。


考点12 exchange的相关用法
① The Internet enables us t exchange ideas many thers withut wrrying abut embarrassing tpics.
② The exchange student wrked in the restaurant exchange fr free meals and accmmdatin.
③ [写作迁移·译林必修一U1P11] 去年，我有机会作为交换生到英国一所中学学习。


考点13 attract的相关用法
① [译林必修二U4P45]The secnd quality f literature is its appeal t ur feelings and imaginatin. Its (attract) lies mre in what it awakens in us than what it says.
② [外研选必三U1P4]Althugh she's larger than mst ther mdels, she's really (attract) and has the cnfidence t be herself—even in an industry full f beauty steretypes.
③ [人教选必四U2P16]Thailand is a premier hliday destinatin, (attract) turists frm all ver the wrld.
④ [写作迁移]更重要的是，北京的著名旅游景点每年都吸引着大量来自世界各地的游客。
challenge /'tʃælɪndʒ/ A. n. 挑战 B. n. 质疑
C. vt. 对……怀疑 D. vt. 向……挑战
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林必修一U2P17]Everything will turn ut all right in the end, and the changes and challenges f yur teenage years will prepare yu fr adulthd.
② He left a nte at the scene f the crime, challenging detectives t catch him.
③ It was a direct challenge t the president's authrity.
④ The stry was cmpletely untrue and was successfully challenged in curt.
advance /əd'vɑːns/ A. n. 进步，进展
B. vt. & vi. 前进，行进 C. vt. 促进，推动
D. adj. 预先的；事先的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [外研必修一U4P50]Thanks t advances in technlgy, hw we make friends and cmmunicate with them has changed significantly.
② Accrding t ne reprt, the water is advancing at a rate f between 8 and 10 inches a day.
③ [译林必修三U1P12]A frmer UN fficial nce said, “Saving ur planet, lifting peple ut f pverty, advancing ecnmic grwth... these are ne and the same fight.”
individual /ˌɪndɪ'vɪdʒuəl/ A. n. 个人
B. adj. 单独的，个别的 C. adj. 一个人的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [外研选必一U3P44]If each individual des her jb and wrks well with thers, then the end gal can be achieved.
② [外研选必一U3P44]In fact, strng team spirit is mre imprtant than the skills f individual players.
③ [译林选必四U1P13]Obviusly, there will be little rm fr individual happiness if ne's hmeland is threatened r even lst.
character /'kærəktə(r)/ A. n. 品质，性格
B. n. 特点 C. n. 人物，角色 D. n. 文字
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林必修一U1P3]As La-Tzu wisely said, “A jurney f a thusand miles begins with a single step.” Yu need t make a cntinuus effrt t train yur mind and develp yur character.
② [北师选必二U4P21]This is prbably all it takes t make an image f Charlie Chaplin as the “Little Tramp”， ne f the mst famus cmedy characters in the wrld.
③ [人教必修一U5P70] If yu can read Chinese characters, yu can read Chinese frm thusands f years ag.
material /mə'tɪəriəl/ A. n. 材料 B. adj. 物质的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林选必一U3P37]Making pictures ut f raw materials like seashells can be a fun challenge.
② [外研选必四U2P19]While we are living, we tend t get distracted by unimprtant things, such as gathering material pssessins.
tugh /tʌf/ A. adj. 艰难的，棘手的
B. adj. 严厉的，强硬的 C. adj. 坚强的
D. adj. 粗野的，粗暴的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [外研选必三U1P9]He desn't appear t be particularly tugh and smetimes lks as if he lacks cnfidence.
② [外研必修三U6P90—91]At first, I was pleased we culd stay at hme, but sn it gt really tugh.
③ He had attacked three peple in the neighburhd, earning himself a reputatin as a tugh guy.
find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
【课本原句】 In time yu will find yurself grwing int a well-runded individual. 最后，你们会发现自己逐渐全面成长。
find后接复合宾语时常用以下形式：
① find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(形容词,副词,介词短语,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动))
② find＋it＋宾语补足语＋不定式
【写作迁移】 用“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”完成/翻译句子
① 我经过时，发现他正在一棵大树下的长凳上看书。
n the bench
under a big tree when I passed by.
② 我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好且乐于助人。


③ [译林必修一U3P39]我们经常发现意识到别人的缺点比意识到我们自身的缺点更容易些。
t recgnize
ther peple's weaknesses than ur wn.
thse 指代上文中出现过的复数名词
【课本原句】 The classes are different frm thse in China. (英国的)课堂与中国不同。
① 上文中出现过的名词，在下文中继续出现，为了避免重复，通常用代词that、thse等代替。
② thse替代复数名词，that替代单数名词或不可数名词。
【写作迁移】 用that或thse完成/翻译句子
① 我最感兴趣的是文学书籍，尤其是那些著名作家的书。
What interests me mst are literary bks, .
② 在冬天，北京的天气比广州的天气冷。