高考英语一轮复习讲义练习Unit 3　Back to the past

这是一份高考英语一轮复习讲义练习Unit 3　Back to the past，共8页。

① cnvince sb. f sth. 使某人相信某事
cnvince sb. t d sth. 说服某人做某事
cnvince sb. that从句 使某人相信……
② cnvinced adj. 坚信；确信
be cnvinced f 坚信……；确信……
be cnvinced that从句 确信……
③ cnvincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的
④ uncnvincing adj. 不令人信服的
【写作金句】
① [外研选必一U5P68]But Darwin's scientific studies were s cnvincing that mre and mre peple started t believe his thery. 但是达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服，以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。(人物介绍)
② Parents are cnvinced that plenty f praise will make kids mre cnfident, which actually has a negative effect n them. 父母相信，多表扬会让孩子更有自信，这实际上对他们有负面影响。(发言稿)
acknwledge /ək'nɒlɪdʒ/ vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢
① be/as 承认……是……
acknwledge that从句 承认……
It is generally/widely/universally acknwledged that从句 人们普遍认为……
② acknwledgement n. 承认；感谢
in acknwledgement f 表示对……的谢意
【写作金句】 [外研选必三U1P4]What I really admire is the way she has acknwledged that gd health nt nly makes us mre beautiful, but happier, t! 我真正钦佩的是她承认健康不仅使我们更美丽，而且也更快乐的方式！ (主旨升华)
insist /ɪn'sɪst/ vi. & vt. 坚决要求，坚持；坚持说
insist n (ding) sth. 坚决要求(做)某事
insist that从句 坚决要求……；坚持说……
【写作金句】 She insists that frtune favurs nly the prepared mind and nbdy's success happens by accident. 她坚持说，幸运只眷顾有准备的人，没有人的成功是偶然的。(主旨升华)
【特别提醒】 当insist意为“坚持说”时，后接宾语从句用陈述语气；当insist意为“坚决要求”时，后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(shuld)＋d”，其中shuld可以省略。
The man in prisn insisted that he had dne nthing wrng and that he (shuld) be set free.
监狱里的那个人坚持说他没有做错什么，应该被释放。
regardless /rɪ'ɡɑːdləs/ adv. 不顾，不加理会
① regardless f 不管，不顾
② regard vt. 把……视为；看待 n. 注意；关注
把……看作……
in this regard 在这方面
in/with regard t 关于；至于
【写作金句】
① [译林选必三U3P31]Regardless f all the challenges, Clumbus managed t keep everyne ut f danger with his knwledge and bravery acrss the cean. 尽管面临种种挑战，哥伦布凭借他的知识和勇气，成功地让所有人远离了危险。(人物介绍)
② [北师选必二U6P69]Regardless, it lks like advertising will cntinue t play a very imprtant rle in ur sciety fr years t cme. 无论如何，看起来广告在未来几年将继续在我们的社会中发挥非常重要的作用。(发言稿)
allw fr 使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内
① allw sb. t d sth. 允许某人做某事
allw ding sth. 允许做某事
② allwance n. 津贴；补贴；补助；限额；定量
make allwance(s) fr 考虑到
【写作金句】 [北师选必三U7P25]Alternatively, if smene prefers mre independence, technlgy will allw fr greater pprtunities fr self emplyment and starting their wn business. 或者，如果有人更喜欢独立，技术将为自主就业和创业提供更多机会。(发言稿)
astnish /ə'stɒnɪʃ/ vt. 使十分惊讶，使吃惊
① It astnishes sb. that从句 令某人感到吃惊的是……
② astnished adj. 吃惊的
be astnished at/by 对……感到惊讶
be astnished t d sth. 对……感到惊讶
③ astnishing adj. 令人十分惊讶的
It is astnishing that从句 ……令人感到惊讶。
④ astnishment n. 惊讶，惊异
t ne's astnishment 让某人感到惊讶的是
in astnishment惊讶地
【写作金句】 [人教选必二U4P44]Standing in the distance, they were astnished t see misty cluds rising frm the great Niagara Falls, which is n the suth side f the lake. 她们站在远处眺望，看到从湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾起的水雾，感到非常震撼。(环境描写)
cmparisn /kəm'pærɪsn/ n. 对比；比较
① make a cmparisn with 与……相比较
by cmparisn (尤用于句首)比较起来，较之
by/in cmparisn with 与……相比较
② cmpare vt. 比较；将……比作
把……和……相比较
把……比作
③ cmparable adj. 类似的；可比较的
【写作金句】
① [译林必修一U2P21]There's n pint in cmparing yu with thers all the time. Everyne is unique. 总拿自己和别人比较是没有意义的，每个人都是独一无二的。(主旨升华)
② Life is cmpared t a jurney where we ften see sme ups and dwns. 生活就像一场旅行，我们常常会经历一些波折起伏。(主旨升华)
cntrary /'kɒntrəri/ adj. 相反的，相对立的；截然不同的 n. 相反的事实(或事情、情况)
cntrary t 与……相反
n the cntrary 相反的是(在句中作状语)
【写作金句】 Cntrary t the cmmn perceptin, the N.1 cause f death in China is nt cancer, but strkes. 与普遍看法相反，在中国，头号死因不是癌症而是中风。(报道)
[后练习]
考点1 cnvince的相关用法
① She was (cnvince) that her husband wuld vercme the difficulties and cme t rescue her.
② [译林选必三U3P33]Withut such specific infrmatin, the writers' ideas remain (cnvince).
③ Yu need t cnvince yur interviewer yur ability t master the wrk.
④ Scientists say there is n (cnvince) evidence that pwer lines have anything t d with cancer.
⑤ [写作迁移]They stuck t their pinin because they are cnvinced f the accuracy f the data.
→ , they stuck t their pinin. (分词短语作状语)
考点2 acknwledge的相关用法
① Yuan Lngping is widely acknwledged ne f the greatest scientists in the wrld.
② Jack walked int the teacher's ffice, (acknwledge) that he cheated n the exam.
③ We are sending him sme gifts in (acknwledge) f his help.
④ [写作迁移]人们普遍认为，有生命就有希望。


考点3 insist的相关用法
① The teacher insisted that every minute (make) full use f t get well prepared fr the final exam.
② [人教选必一U1P3]Tu Yuyu and her team members even insisted testing the medicine n themselves t make sure that it was safe.
③ [写作迁移]尽管他所有的朋友都责备他，但他坚持认为他没做错任何事。
Thugh all his friends blamed him, .
考点4 regardless的相关用法
① [外研选必二U6P86改]She is determined t live a fulfilling life regardless what the future hlds.
② The cmpany's psitin regard t vertime is made clear in their cntracts.
考点5 allw fr的相关用法
① The dctr may allw her (return) t wrk next week.
② We have t allw the pssibility that we might nt finish this prject n schedule.
③ When we're planning fr a trip, we shuld make (allw) fr the weather.
④ [写作迁移]把成本算在内，我们也赚了一大笔。


考点6 astnish的相关用法
① [人教选必四U1P5]The Three-Bdy Prblem, written by Chinese writer Liu Cixin, is ne f thse (astnish) predictins abut the future.
② [北师选必二U4P14]When he lks at the menu, an (astnish) lk quickly appears n his face.
③ The mment I pened the bx, my eyes widened in (astnish)．
④ [写作迁移] She didn't care abut my feelings, which astnished me.
→ she didn't care abut my feelings. (it作形式主语)
→ she didn't care abut my feelings. (what引导主语从句)
考点7 cmparisn的相关用法
① [译林选必三U3P37]Als, they ften use stries and interesting (cmpare) t describe histrical figures r events vividly, thus engaging the reader's interest.
② The research team published a new study (cmpare) the effects f tw different diets n weight lss ver six mnths.
考点8 cntrary的相关用法
① [写作迁移]这根本不麻烦。恰恰相反，我很乐意帮助你。
It's n truble at all; , .
② [写作迁移]与大众看法相反，老年人通常不愿与他们的孩子住在一起。


dismiss /dɪs'mɪs/ A. vt. 不予考虑，对……不屑一提 B. vt. 解雇 C. vt. 让(某人)离开，解散
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [北师选必一U3P73]The next years are hrrible fr Mathilde, wh wrks like a servant, her wn servant having been dismissed.
② [译林选必三U3P30]Fr many years, sme histrians dismissed the recrds f these vyages as legends.
③ [人教选必四U1P3]The guests wuld be arriving sn, s Claire dismissed Tny fr the rest f the night.
leak /liːk/ A. vi. & vt. 漏，渗漏 B. vt. 泄露 C. n. 漏洞 D. n. 泄漏出的液体(或气体)
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [外研选必四U4P60改]Yet, the technlgy t prevent such infrmatin frm leaking r being stlen still needs imprvement.
② [人教选必一U2P16]The mnitring system sends ut warnings as sn as the car begins t leak il.
③ There was a smell f natural gas, s we began t check and fund a leak in the gas pipe.
④ If yu suspect a gas leak, d nt strike a match r even turn n an electric light.
captain /'kæptɪn/ A. n. 船长，机长 B. n. 上校，上尉 C. n. (尤指运动队的)队长
D. vt. 担任……的队长
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① The captain tells the passengers that they are nt permitted t leave the ship.
② [人教必修一U3P38]One f the best players had been injured, and the team captain had t leave because f heart prblems.
③ The sldier prayed that the captain culd shw sme mercy t him.
④ He captained the winning team in 1991.
available /ə'veɪləbl/ A. adj. 可获得的，可找到的 B. adj. 有空的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① I'm srry, but he is nt available at the mment, fr the meeting hasn't ended.
② [人教选必一U2P15]Many f these new innvatins are already available and being used in sme hmes.
exceptinal /ɪk'sepʃənl/ A. adj. 杰出的，优秀的 B. adj. 异常的，罕见的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [人教选必三U1P8]These wrks were intended t spread Buddhism and they are f exceptinal beauty and quality.
② This deadline will be extended nly in exceptinal circumstances.
adpt /ə'dɒpt/ A. vt. 采用，采取 B. vt. & vi. 领养，收养 C. vt. 正式通过，表决采纳
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林选必三U3P37]The authrs adpt a natural, chatty style f writing that pens up the subject matter t the rdinary reader.
② Cngress finally adpted the law after a tw-year debate.
③ The kind cuple decided t adpt the baby whse parents died in the earthquake.
hatch /hætʃ/ A. vt. 密谋，策划 B. vt. & vi. (使)孵出；孵化，破壳
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [北师选必一U3P53]They prtected Old Blue's eggs, helped them t hatch, and tk care f the chicks.
② [译林选必三U3P40]Japan had hatched a plt t launch a surprise attack n Pearl Harbur, s the attack began withut warning and withut declaring war n the United States.
plt /plɒt/ A. n. 阴谋，密谋 B. n. 故事情节
C. n. (专用的)小块土地 D. vi. & vt. 密谋
E. vt. (在地图上)画出，标出
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林必修三U2P24]The typical features f a stry are the setting, characters and plt.
② Security frces have uncvered a plt t verthrw the gvernment.
③ She bught a small plt f land t build a huse n.
④ They were accused f pltting against the state.
⑤ The earthquake centres had been pltted n a wrld map.
shift /ʃɪft/ A. n. 改变 B. n. 轮班
C. vi. & vt. (使)挪动 D. vi. 变动
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① He shifted uncmfrtably in his seat when I mentined mney.
② [人教选必三U1P2]In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted frm religius themes t peple and the wrld arund us.
③ [北师选必三U7P22]These peple are the night wrkers—nurses n night shift, lrry drivers crssing cntinents and bakers preparing breakfast bread.
④ [人教选必二U1P9]Qian changed his majr because f a shift in persnal interest.
befre引导时间状语从句
【课本原句】 It wuld take 500 years befre a larger fleet sailed the seas. 规模更大的航海船队要到500年后才出现。
befre用作连词时，可以引导时间状语从句。
① 表示“在……之前”。
Did she leave a message befre she went?
她走之前留言了吗？
② 表示“到……为止，到……之前”。
It wn't/didn't take lng befre... 没过多久……
It＋be＋时间段＋befre... 过了多久才……
【写作迁移】 用以上句型完成句子
① 许多年之后，事情的全貌才公之于众。
the full stry was made public.
② 这个问题困扰了他好几天，之后他才求助于老师。
The questin trubled him several days .
③ 他的演讲太精彩了，过了好几分钟大家的掌声才平息下来。
His speech was s great that
.
where引导地点状语从句
【课本原句】 Tday, the USS Arizna lies where it sank: in the middle f the Pacific Ocean. 今天，美国“亚利桑那号”战列舰还在当年沉没的地方：在太平洋中央。
where引导地点状语从句，在从句中意为“在……地方”，从句可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。
【联想发散】
① where引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词。
The shp where I bught this shirt is nt far frm here.
我买这件衬衫的商店离这里不远。
② where引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，where前面没有表示地点的先行词。
Wuhan lies where the Yangtze River and the Hanjiang River meet.
武汉位于长江与汉江交汇处。
③ 在有些情况下，where引导的定语从句可以转换为where引导的地点状语从句。
A tall building was put up at the place where there used t be a desert.
＝A tall building was put up where used t be a desert.
在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。
【写作迁移】 用where引导的状语从句翻译句子
① 有志者，事竟成。


② 请把药放在孩子们够不到的地方。


③ 她想要一份能充分利用她的管理技能的工作。