高考英语一轮复习讲义练习Unit 1　The mass media

这是一份高考英语一轮复习讲义练习Unit 1　The mass media，共11页。

① be critical t 对……至关重要
be f critical imprtance 至关重要的
with a critical eye 以批判的眼光
in a critical cnditin 病情危急
② criticize vt. 批评，批判；评论，评价
criticize sb. fr (ding) sth. 因(某人做)某事而批评某人
③ critic n. 批评家；评论家；评论员
④ criticism n. 批评，批判；评论
【写作金句】 [译林选必四U4P45]At the same time, yu need t develp critical thinking skills s that yu d nt blindly accept new ideas. 与此同时，你需要培养批判性思维，这样你就不会盲目地接受新的想法。(演讲稿)
trap /træp/ vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住
n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼
① be trapped in 被困在……中，陷入……中
trap sb. int (ding) sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事
② set/lay a trap (fr) (为……)设下圈套
fall int the trap f ding sth. 落入……陷阱
【写作金句】 [人教必修一U4P50]Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead. 地震发生后不久，军队派遣了15万名士兵前往唐山，挖掘被困人员并埋葬死者。(报道)
cme abut发生
cme acrss (偶然)遇见，发现；被理解，被弄懂
cme n/alng 快，加油，加把劲
cme ut 出版，发行
cme t 共计；达到；苏醒
cme up 走近；被讨论，被提及
cme up with 找到(答案)；拿出(一笔钱等)
cme dwn with 患，得，染上
cme dwn t 可归结为，可归纳为
cme ff 从……掉下，与……分离
cme true (梦想、愿望、目标等)实现，成为现实
【特别提醒】 cme abut常与hw连用，构成句型“Hw des sth. cme abut？”或者“Hw did it cme abut that从句？”。
① Hw did this unhappy state f affairs cme abut? 这种不幸的情况是怎么发生的呢？
② Hw did it cme abut that he failed in the exam nce again? 他考试又不及格了，这是怎么回事？
cnclusin /kən'kluːʒn/ n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成
① arrive at/cme t/draw/reach a cnclusin 得出结论
in cnclusin 总之；最后
② cnclude vi. & vt. 得出结论；推断出；(使)结束
cnclude (...) with 以……结束
cnclude frm 从……得出结论；从……推断出
【写作金句】 In cnclusin, walking is a cheap, safe, enjyable, and readily available frm f exercise. 总之，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣而又随时可以开展的运动形式。(建议信)
bring sth. t light揭露，披露
bring abut 引起；导致
bring back 归还；使回忆起；带回
bring dwn 打垮；击败；使跌倒；降低
bring in 提出(新法案)；引入；赚得
bring up 提出(讨论等)；呕吐；抚养
bring ut 使表现出；出版
【写作金句】 [译林选必二U1P3]News reprts written at different stages f an event culd cntain different infrmatin as new facts are brught t light. 随着新事实的曝光，在事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能包含不同的信息。(报道)
cmmitted /kə'mɪtɪd/ adj. 尽心尽力的
① be cmmitted t (ding sth.) 致力于(做某事)
② cmmit vt. 犯(罪或错等)；承诺；全心全意投入
cmmit neself t ding sth. 全身心投入做某事
cmmit an errr/a crime/suicide 做错事/犯罪/自杀
③ cmmitment n. 献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费
make a cmmitment t d sth. 承诺/保证做某事
【写作金句】
① [北师必修三U8P31]In additin t her research, she has been whle-heartedly cmmitted t envirnmental prtectin. 除了她的研究，她一直全心全意致力于环境保护。(人物介绍)
② We will remain cmmitted t the path f peaceful develpment and shulder mre internatinal respnsibilities. 我们将继续走和平发展道路，承担更多国际责任。(演讲稿)
witness /'wɪtnəs/ vt. & vi. 见证；目击；作证
n. 目击者，见证人；证人
① witness sth. 目击……
时间/地点名词＋witness＋sth. ……目睹/见证某事
② be (a) witness t sth. 目击/见证某事
【写作金句】
① Our city witnesses fur different seasns, plenty f sunshine and gd rainfall, but in winter yu may feel a little cld. 我们的城市见证了四个不同的季节，阳光充足、雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点冷。(推荐信)
② [译林选必三U2P21]December 2013 witnessed the Chinese spacecraft's first sft landing n the Mn. 2013年12月，中国航天器首次在月球上软着陆。(报道)
【特别提醒】 动词witness、see、find、ntice、say、discver、bserve等的主语可以是地点名词、时间名词，这一种拟人修辞法。
spring up迅速出现，突然兴起
spring t ne's feet 突然站起来
spring frm 起源于；由……造成
spring t mind 突然记起(或想到)
spring fr sth. (替别人)付……的账
spring int actin＝spring int/t life (人、机器等)突然工作(或行动)起来
【写作金句】 Nwadays new buildings are springing up everywhere, satisfying peple's demands fr better husing cnditins. 如今，新建筑如雨后春笋般涌现，满足了人们对更好住房条件的需求。(报道)
【特别提醒】 spring作动词时，其过去式是sprang，过去分词是sprung。
persuade /pə'sweɪd/ vt. 说服；使信服
① eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(persuade sb. t d sth.,persuade sb. int ding sth.))说服某人做某事
② eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(persuade sb. nt t d sth.,persuade sb. ut f ding sth.))说服某人不做某事
③ persuasive adj. 有说服力的
④ persuasin n. 说服，劝说；信仰
【写作金句】 Expsed t s many advertisements, we can't help being persuaded t buy what we dn't really need. 面对如此多的广告，我们忍不住被说服去购买我们并不真正需要的东西。(建议信/倡议书)
【特别提醒】 persuade sb. t d sth. 表示“说服某人做某事”；若表示“试图说服某人做某事，而未涉及结果”，则用try t persuade sb. t d sth.或advise sb. t d sth.。
He tried t persuade his sister t give up the plan fr cycling alng the Mekng River, but failed.
他劝他的姐姐放弃骑自行车沿湄公河旅行的计划，但是失败了。
bst /buːst/ vt. 使增长，使兴旺
n. 增长，提高；帮助，激励
① bst exprts/prfits 增加出口/提高利润
bst sb.'s cnfidence 增强某人的信心
② give sb. a bst 给某人帮助/激励；托某人一把
【写作金句】
① [译林选必四U4P45]Lifelng learning will help yu develp yur skills and further yur career, and will bst yur sense f self-wrth and keep yur mind active. 终身学习将帮助你发展技能，进一步发展职业生涯，增强自我价值感，保持思维活跃。(演讲稿)
② 5G is an exciting mbile technlgy, which will give a great bst t smart cities and vehicles. 5G是一项令人兴奋的移动技术，它将极大地推动智能城市和汽车的发展。(发言稿)
memrable /'memərəbl/ adj. 难忘的，值得纪念的
① memrably adv. 难忘地，值得纪念地
② memrize vt. 记住；记忆
③ memry n. 记忆；记忆力
in memry f 作为对……的纪念
④ memrial n. 纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物
【写作金句】 Everyne was full f praise and admiratin fr the peple wh wrked hard t make this trip s memrable. 每个人都对那些努力工作使这次旅行如此难忘的人充满了赞扬和钦佩。(情感表达)
get acrss 被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚
get sth. acrss (t sb.) (向某人)讲清楚某事，使(某人)理解某事
get abut/arund 各处走动；传播；流传
get away with 做(坏事)而未受到惩罚
get alng/n with 进展，相处
get dwn t 开始做某事；开始认真注意(或对待)某事
get rid f 摆脱；丢弃
get hld f 抓住；找到
get thrugh 顺利通过；(用电话)打通；(设法)处理，完成
get ver 解决；克服；控制
【写作金句】 I had created a way t get my message acrss while using as few wrds as pssible. 我想出了一种能言简意赅地表达自己意思的方法。(建议信)
discunt /'dɪskaʊnt/ n. 折扣 vt. 打折出售
① at a discunt 打折
a 20% discunt 八折
give/ffer a discunt (给……)打折
a discunt shp打折商店
② discunted prices 打折价
【写作金句】 There is a discunt fr the cst f the 6-week English curse prvided that yu pay in advance. 如果你提前付款，六周英语课程的费用有折扣。(告知信)
tailr /'teɪlə(r)/ vt. 专门制作，定做 n. 裁缝
① tailr sth. t ne's needs/requirements 根据某人的需要制作……
tailr sth. t d sth. 为了做某事专门制作/定做……
② at a tailr's (shp) 在裁缝店里
The tailr makes the man. [谚]人靠衣装。
【写作金句】 Special prgrammes f study shuld be tailred t the needs f specific grups. 应制订特殊课程，以满足特定群体的需要。(建议信)
amuse /ə'mjuːz/ vt. (提供)消遣；逗笑
① amuse sb./neself 逗某人笑/自娱自乐
② amusement n. 娱乐，愉悦；娱乐活动，消遣活动
with amusement 愉悦地
t ne's amusement 使某人感到好笑的是
③ amusing adj. 逗人笑的；有乐趣的；好笑的
④ amused adj. 逗乐的；觉得好笑的
be amused at/by 被……逗笑
be amused t d sth. 做某事觉得好笑
keep sb. amused 使某人快乐
【写作金句】 Judging the vice nt by appearance but by the vice itself makes the TV shw stand ut frm numerus amusement prgrammes. 不是从外表而是从声音本身来判断声音，这使得这个电视节目在众多娱乐节目中脱颖而出。(推荐信)
[后练习]
考点1 critical的相关用法
① [译林选必四U4P45]D nt (critical) them r reject them simply because they differ frm what yu knw r believe.
② [译林选必一U3P40]Hwever, sme (critical) suggest that n clser inspectin, the painting actually expses serius plitical and scial prblems.
③ [写作迁移]不言而喻，海洋在世界上发挥着至关重要的作用。
It ges withut saying that .
考点2 trap的相关用法
① The eye-catching advertisements will trap us buying things that we actually dn't need.
② (trap) in the mine, the wrkers felt wrried and frightened all the time.
③ [写作迁移]The thief wh was trapped in the huse attempted t escape frm the windw.
→ attempted t escape frm the windw. (用过去分词短语作定语)
考点3 cme abut及其拓展短语的相关用法
① One day, I an ld friend in the street, wh tld me that his new bk wuld cme ut sn.
② The bk has been translated int thirty languages since it in 1973 and it is wrth reading again and again.
③ The dancers, all f whse masks suddenly, gave us a great surprise.
④ They a lt f plans at the meeting, nne f them carried ut in their wrk.
考点4 cnclusin的相关用法
① He cncluded his speech a famus saying, “Pride cmes befre a fall.”
② [写作迁移]我从自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。
that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(cnclude)
考点5 bring sth. t light及其拓展短语的相关用法
① Her parents died when she was a baby and she by her aunt.
② The bright clurs f the painting really the beauty f the rm.
③ The mst imprtant thing t the cmpany is t new equipment.
④ This picture ften t me many happy memries f my high schl days.
⑤ The cmpany decided t the prices t attract mre custmers.
⑥ [写作迁移]研究人员正在努力揭示社交媒体对当今青少年心理健康的影响。
Researchers are trying t .
考点6 cmmitted的相关用法
① I tk the Cllege Entrance Examinatin and cmmitted myself t (get) int cllege.
② [人教选必一U1P4]A talented scientist well knwn fr his (cmmit) t his cuntry, Huang Danian cmmitted (he) t his research in gephysics.
③ (cmmit) t ffering better services t the users, the cmpany will prvide them with all the infrmatin they need.
④ [写作迁移]屠呦呦是一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。
Tu Yuyu, , graduated frm Peking University Medical Schl in 1955.
考点7 witness的相关用法
① His gd health is a witness the success f the treatment.
② (witness) als say they saw Justin walking twards his huse at 10：45 p．m.
③ [写作迁移·译林选必二U1P8]过去的几十年见证了网络新闻媒体发展迅速。


考点8 spring up及其拓展短语的相关用法
① Everyne when the principal walked in.
② [译林选必二U1P8]At almst the same time, news websites with n print editins .
③ Integrity and hnesty are wrds that when talking f the man.
④ I decided t the ld man's meal, which made him very mved.
考点9 persuade的相关用法
① Bill had expected t retire at 60, but his clleagues persuaded him (stay) n fr a few mre years.
② What d yu think were sme f the mre (persuade) arguments n the ther side?
③ It didn't take much (persuade) t get her t tell us where he was.
④ [写作迁移]试图劝他休假是没有用的，因为他是个工作狂。
because he is a wrkahlic.
考点10 bst的相关用法
① [写作迁移]爸爸的话增强了我的信心。


② [写作迁移]如果我托你一把，你能够到窗户吗？
, culd yu reach the windw?
考点11 memrable的相关用法
① [译林选必二U1P11]A cmmn technique t make an impact is t create a (memry) slgan.
② T (memry) these key wrds, I repeat them again and again.
③ After the tsunami, a (memry) was put up where there had nce been a schl.
④ [写作迁移]这部电影是为了纪念那些奔赴前线的勇敢医生而拍摄的。
The film was made .
考点12 get acrss及其拓展短语的相关用法
① During the summer festival, the lcal flks encuraged visitrs t and explre all the beauty f this village.
② Nw that we all live under ne rf, we shuld learn hw t each ther.
③ Believe in yurself. Yu are sure t the present difficulty.
④ The humur didn't amuse the audience in that the perfrmer culdn't its real meaning.
⑤ The child ught t be punished. Yu shuldn't let him telling lies!
考点13 discunt的相关用法
① The theatre gives 10% discunt t parties f mre than ten.
② They are selling ld-fashined clthes a discunt.
③ [写作迁移]我们城市有一家折扣店，在那里我们可以买到便宜的商品。


考点14 tailr的相关用法
① [写作迁移]我们可以根据病人的需要调整这个方案。


② [写作迁移]穿黑衣服的那位男士是本店最好的裁缝。


考点15 amuse的相关用法
① [译林选必二U1P13]After lunch the residents and the yung vlunteers amused (they) with art activities which included Chinese painting and calligraphy.
② [译林选必三U1P12]Tw tall slim lcal peple were standing by the radside watching us with
(amuse).
③ The lecture was given in a relaxing and (amuse) way, but was still rich in helpful and practical knwledge.
release /rɪ'liːs/ A. vt. 发布，公布 B. vt. 松开，使自由移动(或飞翔、降落等) C. vt. 释放，放走 D. vt. 发泄，宣泄 E. n. 释放 F. n. 发行，公布
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① Mre than 10,000 ballns were released at the ceremny.
② He called fr the immediate release f all plitical prisners.
③ Plice have released n further details abut the accident.
④ [外研选必一U5P74]The plant releases tiny amunts f chemicals frm the leaves that are being eaten.
⑤ She burst int tears, releasing all her pent-up emtins.
discriminatin /dɪˌskrɪmɪ'neɪʃn/ A. n. 辨别力，识别力 B. n. 歧视，区别对待
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林选必二U1P3]With great discriminatin, every ne f us has the ptential t be a critical news reader.
② They have determined t end racial discriminatin in areas such as emplyment.
munt /maʊnt/ A. vi. 逐步增加 B. vt. 攀登，爬上 C. n. 山
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① Pressure is munting n the gvernment t change the law.
② He munted the platfrm and addressed the crwd.
③ Munt Tai is a well-knwn turist attractin, which is famus fr its unique sunrise.
channel /'tʃænl/ A. n. 途径，渠道 B. n. 电视台，频道 C. n. 方法，手段 D. n. 水渠 E. n. 海峡
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林选必二U1P11]As media channels have grwn in number and type, s have advertisements.
② Cmplaints must be made thrugh the prper channels.
③ Music is a great channel fr releasing yur emtins.
④ The English Channel separates England and France.
⑤ [人教选必四U2P23]Then they cut a channel thrugh Munt Yulei t discharge the excess water.
peak /piːk/ A. adj. 高峰时期的，巅峰状态的
B. n. 顶峰，高峰 C. vi. 达到高峰，达到最高值
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① Munt Qmlangma is the wrld's highest peak.
② Summer is the peak time fr electricity cnsumptin.
③ Fd sales usually peak just befre the Spring Festival in China.
absrb /əb'zɔːb/ A. vt. 理解，掌握 B. vt. 吸收 C. vt. 吸引全部注意力，使全神贯注
D. vt. 耗费，耗去(大量金钱、时间等)
E. vt. 使并入，吞并
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① Plants absrb carbn dixide frm the air.

② I haven't had time t absrb everything he said in fact.
③ [人教选必三U2P20]I gt s absrbed that I played the games day and night.
④ Defense spending absrbs almst 30% f the cuntry's wealth.
⑤ Many f these farmers have been absrbed int the urban wrkfrce in recent years.
brighten up A. (使)增添乐趣 B. 使更艳丽
C. (使)快活起来 D. 放晴义
① Fresh flwers will brighten up any rm in the huse.
② He brightened up at their wrds f encuragement.
③ In the distance, the sky was beginning t brighten up.
④ A persnal letter will usually brighten up a persn's day.
by＋时间 到……(时间)为止
【课本原句】 By this time, the fire had extended t the 15th flr. 截至此时，火势已蔓延到十六楼。
此处by意为“到……时为止”，后接过去时间，句子的谓语动词用过去完成时(had dne)；后接现在时间，句子的谓语动词用现在完成时(has/have dne)；后接将来时间，句子的谓语动词用将来完成时(will/shall have dne)。
【写作迁移】 语法填空/翻译句子
① By nw, we (cmplete) 80% f ur wrk.
② By the time the fire engine arrived, the huse (burn) t the grund.
③ By the time this letter reaches yu, I (leave) the cuntry.
④ 当我到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。


现在分词短语作结果状语
【课本原句】 A terrible fire brke ut n Sunday night, leaving the Hendersn Twer seriusly damaged. 周日晚间突发一场可怕的大火，致使亨德森大楼严重受损。
① 本句中leaving the Hendersn Twer seriusly damaged是现在分词短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时，表示自然而然的结果。
② 现在分词作结果状语，表示意料、情理之中的结果；动词不定式作结果状语，常表示出乎意料的结果。
He was busy writing a stry, nly stpping nce in a while t smke a cigarette.
他当时一直忙于写一个故事，只是偶尔停下来抽支烟。
I reached the statin nly t find that my train had already left.
我到了车站，却发现我要搭乘的火车已经开走了。
【写作迁移】 语法填空/翻译句子
① The news shcked the public, (lead) t great cncern abut students' safety at schl.
② Gerge returned after the war, nly (tell) that his wife had left him.
③ 不幸的是，他的父亲去世了，整个家庭状况更糟了。


④ 许多树被狂风刮倒，把道路和铁路都堵塞了。