初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Section B巩固练习

这是一份初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Section B巩固练习，共5页。试卷主要包含了 表达感受与状态， 描述情绪与行为关联， 提出建议与应对策略等内容，欢迎下载使用。

词汇
jyful adj. 高兴的；令人愉快的 thankful adj. 感谢的；感激的
negative adj. 否定的；消极的 bully n. 霸凌；恶霸 v. 欺凌
behave v. 表现；举止得体differently adv. 不同地
physics n. 物理；物理学 awake adj. 醒着的
nrmal adj. 正常的；普通的 mad adj. 发狂的；疯的
mean adj. 刻薄的；吝啬的 deep adj. 深的
hurt v. 伤害 n. 伤痛
短语
shut at sb 冲某人喊叫frm time t time 不时；偶尔
take a deep breath 深呼吸feel lnely 感到孤独
get/be mad at sb 对某人生气under stress 在压力下
lie awake 醒着躺着be wrried abut 担心……
be shcked t hear 听到……感到震惊say n t bullying 对霸凌说不
句型
1. 表达感受与状态
What shuld I d if I feel lnely after mving t a new city?搬到一个新城市后如果感到孤独该怎么办？
I’m really wrried abut failing physics. 我真的很担心物理不及格。
2. 描述情绪与行为关联
Peple can behave differently under stress. 人在压力下可能会表现不同。
Althugh it is nrmal t get mad at thers frm time t time, we shuld always try ur best t cntrl ur anger.
虽然偶尔对别人生气是正常的，但我们应尽量控制自己的怒气。
3. 提出建议与应对策略
Try taking a deep breath. That gives yu an pprtunity t calm dwn.
试着深呼吸，这给你一个平静下来的机会。
Yu can als take a walk, g fr a run, r write abut yur feelings.
你也可以散步、跑步或写下你的感受。
单词默写。
1. ______ /ˈdʒɔɪfl/ adj. 高兴的2. ______ /ˈθæŋkfl/ adj. 感谢的
3. ______ /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 消极的4. ______ /ˈbʊli/ n. 霸凌；恶霸
5. ______ /bɪˈheɪv/ v. 表现6. ______ /ˈdɪfrəntli/ adv. 不同地
7. ______ /ˈfɪzɪks/ n. 物理学8. ______ /əˈweɪk/ adj. 醒着的
9. ______ /ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的10. ______ /mæd/ adj. 发狂的
二、词组默写。
1. 冲某人喊叫 ______2. 不时；偶尔 ______
3. 深呼吸 ______4. 感到孤独 ______
5. 对某人生气 ______6. 在压力下 ______
7. 醒着躺着 ______8. 担心…… ______
9. 听到……感到震惊 ______10. 对霸凌说不 ______
三、根据要求完成句子
1. 你不可能总是赢，但你可以选择如何应对。
Yu can’t win them all, but yu can chse hw yu ________.
2. 虽然偶尔感到有压力是正常的，但我们应该学会管理它。
________ it is nrmal t feel stressed ________ ________ ________, we shuld learn t manage it.
3. 直到你和别人谈谈，你才会感觉好一些。
Yu ________ feel better ________ yu talk t smene.
4. 我们可以写下自己的感受，以便更好地理解它们。
We can write dwn ur feelings ________ ________ we can understand them better.
5. 如果你对某人生气，试着先深呼吸。
________ yu are mad at smene, try ________ ________ a deep breath first.
6. 人们感到担忧时，行为可能会有所不同。
Peple may behave ________ when they ________ wrried.
7. 听到校园霸凌的消息，我感到非常震惊。
I was ________ ________ hear abut the bullying at schl.
8. 他对自己的失败感到很沮丧，整晚都醒着躺着。
He felt s upset abut his failure that he ________ ________ all night.
四、请根据句意和首字母提示，用本课所学词汇或短语填空。
1. It's n________ t feel angry smetimes, but we shuld try t cntrl it.
2. When yu are under s________, try t take a deep breath.
3. It is nt gd t s________ at thers when yu are mad.
4. We shuld say n t b________ and help thse wh are bullied.
5. Everyne can b________ differently when facing difficulties.
6. She was s w________ that she lay a________ all night.
7. Let’s be t________ fr what we have and try t stay psitive.
8. Dn’t say m________ wrds t thers because they can hurt peple deeply.
五 、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. If yu feel ________ (lnely), try t jin sme schl activities.
2. I was ________ (shck) t hear that he failed the exam.
3. Peple may behave ________ (different) when they are under pressure.
4. It is imprtant t cntrl yur ________ (angry) and nt shut at thers.
5. She is very ________ (wrry) abut her physics test next week.
6. We shuld be ________ (thank) fr ur friends' help and supprt.
7. Taking a ________ (deeply) breath can help yu calm dwn quickly.
8. It is ________ (nrmal) t feel jyful when smething gd happens.
六、同义句转换。
使用本课所学句型或短语改写句子，保持句意基本不变。
1. It is nt unusual t feel angry smetimes, but we shuld cntrl it.
It is ________ t feel angry ________ ________ ________, but we shuld cntrl it.
2. When yu feel stressed, taking a walk can be helpful.
When ________ ________, try taking a walk.
3. She culdn’t sleep because she was very wrried.
She ________ ________ mst f the night because f ________.
4. Yu shuld nt say unkind things t thers.
Yu shuld nt say ________ ________ t thers.
5. Learning t calm dwn is imprtant when yu are angry.
When yu are angry, it’s imprtant t ________ ________ ________.
七、情景选择。
根据语境选择最合适的选项完成对话或句子。
1. A: I heard yu had a fight with Tm. Are yu OK?
B: I’m still a bit ________. He said sme ________ wrds t me.
A. jyful; thankfulB. mad; meanC. awake; deep
2. A: I feel s ________ after mving here. I have n friends yet.
B: Dn’t wrry. Let’s jin the schl club tgether ________ yu can meet new peple.
A. lnely; althughB. stressed; untilC. lnely; s that
3. When yu feel very angry, yu shuld first ________ t calm dwn.
A. shut at smene B. take a deep breathC. behave differently
4. A: Why d yu lk s ________?
B: I’m ________ abut the physics test. I didn’t sleep well.
A. shcked; thankful B. wrried; negative C. awake; wrried
5. We shuld always ________ bullying and help thse wh are treated badly.
A. say n tB. shut atC. be mad at
八、选词填空。
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，并将其答案写在答题卡上相应的位置。每词限用一次。
Stress is a nrmal 1 . Smetimes stress can push us t mve frward. But stress becmes bad if it affects(影响) ur everyday life and health. S hw d yu knw yu’re stressed ut? And 2 can yu d abut it?
Smetimes stress cmes when yu dn’t realize it. D yu ften feel a stmachache, a headache, r get angry 3 ? D yu find it difficult 4 well? If yur answers are yes, yu are prbably facing a lt f stress and yu may need help.
Talking 5 yur difficulty with smene always helps. Yu can have a talk a talk with yur parents, friends, teachers r even dctrs. Tell them if yu’re 6 abut yur schlwrk, r if yu have difficult relatinships with yur classmates. Then yu can cme up with a few 7 tgether. Yu can cut ut yur after-schl activities, spend mre time n prper 8 with yur family, and g fr a shrt hliday.
There’s 9 imprtant thing yu need t remember: having sme stress is nrmal. It is OK feel angry, scared r lnely smetimes. Dn’t be afraid t ask fr 10 when yu’re in need.
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项多余。
(A)
D yu ften have negative (负面的) thughts? D yu and yur friends ften cmplain (抱怨) abut things? 1_____
●Find the psitive (积极乐观的), hwever small.
Bad things happen t all f us, but the mst imprtant thing is t fcus n the psitive. Fr example, next time yu are caught in traffic, think hw great it is that yu can finish listening t yur favrite music. If yu dn’t have much in yur fridge, get creative and think f what yu can invent with the ingredients (食材) yu have. 2_____
●Fcus n nw
It’s easy t think t much abut things that have already happened and t get wrried abut what will happen tmrrw. 3 But remember, yu can’t change the past, and n ne can cntrl the future, s the best thing is t fcus n the present.
● 4_____
Being arund negative peple will make yu feel negative, t. Spend time with peple wh will make yu laugh and help yu believe in yurself, nt thse that spend all day cmplaining. It’s hard t feel negative when yu have psitive peple arund yu.
●Be kind t thers
One f the best ways t make yurself feel gd is t help thers. 5 Spending time helping ther peple can give yu a better perspective(视角)n life and make yu value what yu have.
A．We all d this smetimes.
B．Find psitive friends and partners.
C．Always remind yurself t wrk hard.
D．It can be exciting t try smething new.
E．Find ways t vlunteer in yur cmmunity.
F．The fllwing can help yu feel psitive abut life.
(B)
Have yu ever tried t hide (隐藏) yur emtins frm smene during a cnversatin? 1____
“Scientists frm the Ohi State University have fund that peple are able t knw ther peple’s emtins accrding t changes in the clur f their faces,” The Guardian reprted. They studied pictures f peple’s facial expressins. They fund that every facial expressin has a different clur pattern (模式).
Fr example, happiness makes ur faces red arund the cheeks and the temples and a little blue arund the chin. 2_____
“We believe these clur patterns result frm small changes in the bld flw (血液流动),” scientist Aleix Martinez tld The Guardian.
But this brings the questin: Is it just the clur, r als facial expressins, that help peple tell thers’ emtins?
T find this ut, scientists added clur patterns t pictures f faces that shwed n facial expressins. 3 Thse peple were able t tell the emtins right 75 percent f the time.
This may explain why there are sme Chinese sayings abut emtins and the clur f ne’s face. Fr example, when tw peple are fighting abut smething, we say they are mian hng er chi. 4
A．When a persn is very angry, we say he r she is lian se fa qing.
B．Hate creates a blue-yellw clur arund the lips and a red-green clur arund the nse and the frehead.
C．Lts f peple d this s that thers can’t tell hw they really feel.
D．It’s nt always easy because the clurs n yur face may tell the truth.
E．They asked sme peple t tell what emtins the faces were shwing.
十、任务型阅读。
根据短文完成表格，每空一词。
Accrding t scientists, laughter is the best medicine. There are sme psitive influences f it.
What happens when we laugh? Firstly, laughter makes ur bdies prduce chemicals（化学物质）, which make us feel gd. Secndly, laughing can keep us frm heart prblems. Thirdly, it can make ur muscles（肌肉）mre relaxed fr as lng as 45 minutes after a gd laugh.
Having a gd sense f humr helps t keep ur mind healthy, t. When yu get a jke r watch a vide and it makes yu laugh r simply smile, yu relax a bit. And the relaxatin helps us deal with bad feelings like sadness r anger. What laughter des is t help us t think abut ur prblems better, and then we can deal with them better.
If yu hear smene laughing, yu’re prbably ging t laugh alng. The fact is, laughter brings peple tgether. When yu are with peple yu like and share funny things, yu will laugh easily. And studies shw that ur clsest relatinships—with parents, brthers r sisters and partners—are imprved greatly with shared laughter.
S, all yu have t d is t laugh mre ften!
十一、完形填空。
阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If yu ften feel tired, sleepy r sad in winter, yu might have seasnal affective disrder (SAD) (季节性情绪低落). Sme peple als react (反应) 1 : eating mre, finding it hard t fcus, r lsing interest in hbbies. SAD usually 2 in fall r winter and ends in spring r early summer. When the weather gets clder and the days get shrter, sme peple feel less 3 and mre unhappy.
The main 4 fr SAD is nt clear, but scientists think it may be caused by changes in hrmnes (激素). In winter, it is dark fr mst f the day. This makes the mind make mre melatnin (褪黑素), a thing that makes peple feel 5 and less full f energy. Less sunlight might als change yur bdy’s energy and feeling.
The best way t feel better is t get mre sunlight. Dctrs suggest spending sme time utside every day in winter, even if it’s just fr a shrt walk. Even n cludy days, natural light 6 ! Anther way is t use “light treatment”. This means using special lights at hme t cpy natural sunlight, which can help make the symptms (症状) less. Yu can als try mving yur bdy mre, like dancing r 7 .
If yu still feel very sad, yu shuld see a 8 . Talking t a dctr early is imprtant—SAD can get wrse if yu wait. Dn’t frget t share yur feelings with family r friends t. Dn’t wrry. SAD is a 9 prblem, and there are always ways t make yu feel better during the cld mnths. Calling a friend r keeping a simple daily plan might help yu feel less 10 . Small steps, like drinking warm milk befre bed, can als help!
1．A．happilyB．clearlyC．heavilyD．differently
2．A．drpsB．startsC．lastsD．manages
3．A．activeB．tiredC．shyD．lazy
4．A．purpseB．prblemC．resultD．reasn
5．A．sleepyB．happyC．shckedD．angry
6．A．helpsB．remainsC．wastesD．flds
7．A．taking a seatB．lying dwnC．playing sprtsD．staying in
8．A．cachB．writerC．scientistD．dctr
9．A．seriusB．cmmnC．difficultD．clurful
10．A．bredB．friendlyC．lnelyD．nervus
The Weight f Silence
Part 1: Read and Explre
Sphie was knwn as the "quiet ne" in her class. She wasn’t shy, just careful with her wrds. But when grup prjects started, her silence became a wall. Her classmates saw it as disinterest. She must be s calm, they thught. Inside, Sphie was anything but calm. She felt a strm f stress—wrried her ideas were stupid, afraid f being laughed at.
This negative feeling grew until the day her grup was struggling. They needed a creative idea fr their science pster, but everyne was stuck. Sphie’s mind was racing with a perfect cncept, but her vice felt lcked. If I say it wrng, they'll think I'm flish, she thught.
Her friend Le nticed her clenched fists. "Sphie," he said gently, nt t the grup, but just t her. "Yu lk like yu have an idea. Want t give it a try?" It wasn't a demand, but an invitatin. Sphie tk a deep breath. "What if…," she started quietly, then explained her idea abut shwing the water cycle like a cmic bk.
The grup fell silent, then erupted. "That's brilliant!" ne said. Sphie felt a shck f jyful surprise. Her wrry hadn't vanished, but it was nw mixed with prud relief. Le smiled. "Smetimes," he whispered, "we hld back ur best ideas because we're afraid they're nt gd enugh. But yu wn't knw until yu share them."
Sphie learned that day that "calm" didn't mean having n fear. It meant feeling the fear, but chsing t speak s that the idea, and the persn behind it, culd be seen.
Task 1: Reading Cmprehensin
1. Hw did Sphie's classmates misunderstand her silence at first?
a) They thught she was angry.
b) They thught she was disinterested r simply calm.
c) They thught she was feeling sick.
d) They thught she was very cnfident.
2. What was the main reasn Sphie didn't share her ideas?
a) She didn't have any ideas.
b) She was afraid her ideas wuld be laughed at r thught stupid.
c) She didn't like her grup members.
d) She was t tired t speak.
3. Hw did Le help Sphie?
a) He presented her idea fr her.
b) He tld the grup t be quiet.
c) He gave her a direct, gentle invitatin t speak in a safe way.
d) He criticized the grup fr nt being creative.
4. What is the main lessn Sphie learned?
a) That it's better t always be quiet.
b) That true calm is abut acting despite fear, nt having n fear.
c) That science prjects are always stressful.
d) That nly brilliant ideas shuld be shared.
Task 2:mind map questins
请根据短文内容，完成下面关于 Sphie 情绪变化的思维导图。将右侧合适的选项编号填入左侧表格的相应位置。
Task 3:cnnect with real life
任务①：设计你的“勇气邀请卡”
在故事中，Le的一句简单邀请帮助了Sphie。在生活中，我们也可以主动创造这种安全的时刻。
步骤1： 想一个你想鼓励的人（可以是朋友、家人或同学），以及一个他/她可能有点害怕尝试的小事（如课堂发言、参加比赛、表演才艺）。
步骤2： 为他/她设计一张“勇气邀请卡”。
· 正面 (Frnt)： 画一个简单图案或写一句鼓励的话，如“Yur Idea Matters”。
· 背面 (Back)： 写一句具体的、以 “What if…” 或 “I wuld lve t hear…” 开头的邀请句，并至少使用本单元的一个重点词汇（如 idea, share, try, calm）。
请写出邀请句：___________________________________________________________.
任务②：创建“情绪转换器”
当我们被负面情绪困住时，需要一个“转换器”帮我们找到出口。
步骤1： 选择一个你有时会有的负面情绪（如 Wrried, Stressed, Afraid）。
步骤2： 为它设计一个简单的“三步转换器”。
· 第1步（承认）： “I am feeling ___________________right nw.” (承认情绪)
· 第2步（呼吸）： “I will take three deep breaths.” (一个具体行动)
· 第3步（尝试）： “I will try t _____________________.” (一个小尝试，用 “s that” 或 “if” 句型写出目的)
\l "核心知识速记" 核心知识速记
\l "基础达标" 01基础达标
\l "能力提升" 02能力提升
\l "拓展培优" 03拓展培优
\l "思维进阶" 04思维进阶
help, way, a, sleep, feeling, easily, what, abut, cmmunicate, wrry
Psitive Influences f Laughter
Gd fr yur bdy
★Chemicals are prduced because f laughter and they can make yu feel gd.
★Yu can stay away frm 1
prblems.
★A gd laugh can keep yur muscles mre relaxed fr abut 45 minutes.
Gd fr yur mind
★If yu feel 2 r angry, laughter can help yu relax.
★It 3 yu t think better abut yur prblems.
Gd fr yur 4
★Laughter can bring peple tgether.
★Shared laughter can greatly 5 yur clsest relatinships with thers.
阶段
方面
内容描述 (请填入选项编号)
开始

外在表现
(A) ______
内在感受
(B) ______
关键时刻
触发事件
Le's gentle invitatin
她的行动
Takes a deep breath and shares her idea
结果与感悟
新的感受
(C) ______
学到的道理
(D) True calm means speaking up despite fear.