初中英语牛津译林版（2024）八年级上册（2024）Unit 7 The natural worldWelcome to the unit优秀一课一练

这是一份初中英语牛津译林版（2024）八年级上册（2024）Unit 7 The natural worldWelcome to the unit优秀一课一练，共12页。试卷主要包含了单词拼写，单项选择，补全对话，完形填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、单词拼写。
1．Sharks are at the tp f the fd chain in the cean’s e .
2．We shuld always treat nature (友好地) by reducing and recycling waste.
3．Because f the bad (气候), a lt f animals can’t find enugh fd and they are in great danger.
4．He didn’t study, t , he failed the exam.
5．Camels are animals that can live in the d withut water fr a lng time.
6．I’m lking frward t lying n the (草地)in HulunBuir.
7．The eastern part f China has much (降雨量) every summer.
二、单项选择。
8．—Why shuld we prtect the rainfrest?
—Because it is an imprtant ________ that supprts many species.
A．climateB．habitatC．ecsystem
9．I like the ______ in Kunming. It’s warm all year rund.
A．climateB．animalC．plantD．muntain
10．—It is a gd idea t save fr a rainy day.
—________ We shuld save sme mney fr a time when we will need it.
A．Of curse nt.B．I dn’t agree.C．It’s true.D．I dn’t knw.
11．—What ________ they ________?
—They are strng.
A．are; lk likeB．d; likeC．is; lk likeD．d; lk like
12．We shuld get ________ f the garbage prperly t keep ur city clean.
A．ridB．preventC．returnD．harm
13．— What’s the ________ like in yur city?
— It ften rains in summer.
A．climateB．centerC．plantD．building
14．—I want t be a basketball player when I grw up, and my parents ________ my dream very much.
— This is a great dream and yur parents are s nice.
A．destryB．nticeC．supprtD．fllw
15．I’m just ging t the market, Mum. D yu want ________?
A．smethingB．everythingC．nthingD．anything
三、补全对话。
根据对话内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，每个选项限用一次。
A: Hi, Bill?
B: Hi, Mary! 16
A: T the schl library.
B: I’m als ging there. 17
A: OK. D yu want t brrw bks?
B: N. I want t study there. 18
A: I want t brrw sme bks n nature.
B: 19
A: Yes. And I’m ging t write abut the prtectin f eclgical (生态的) balance and then reprt it t my classmates tmrrw.
B: That’s a gd tpic. 20
A: I hpe s. I think it’s ur duty t take gd care f the earth we live n.
A．Let’s g tgether.
B．Where are yu ging?
C．Are yu interested in nature?
D．What are yu planning t d there?
E．Yur classmates will knw mre abut it.
四、完形填空。
Octpuses (章鱼) are kind f like aliens. They are 21 in many ways. They have three hearts. They can walk, they can swim, and they can drive themselves frward at high speed. They can change clur and cpy what ther animals d. They even knw hw t pen screw-tp jars (有螺旋盖的罐子) and hw t 22 tls!
Octpuses are mllusks (软体动物). But unlike many ther mllusks, they dn’t have a shell (壳). This allws them t pass thrugh tiny spaces. Althugh ctpuses 23 eat small fish, they are able t attack and kill small sharks. They make the sharks unable t breathe by cvering their gill (鳃) penings.
One thing that makes ctpuses seem like aliens is their blue bld. It is much better at transprting xygen (氧气) in cld and lw xygen cnditins (like the deep sea) than ur 24 bld. Octpuses lse energy easily. This may help explain their utstanding intelligence: They can’t chase after their prey (猎物) fr a lng time. They must use 25 tricks.
As a 26 , an ctpus brings its prey under cntrl thrugh the use f a pwerful pisn (毒素). The smaller the ctpus, the strnger the pisn. The ten-centimetre-lng blue-ringed ctpus is s pisnus that it can easily 27 an adult. Octpuses themselves can be delicius prey t many different animals in the sea, but they are clever enugh t knw hw t keep themselves safe mst f the time. With their clur-changing skin, ctpuses can easily “hide” themselves r flash alarming clurs t frighten their enemies away. If that desn’t wrk, the ctpus will release a clud f dark ink and quickly 28 .
Perhaps the mst amazing part f an ctpus is its arms. They can turn in any 29 . The arms are t cmplex t be cntrlled by a central brain. Instead, they wrk almst independently. An ctpus gives instructins and believes that they will be carried ut. This means that the animal desn’t have a very gd idea f where its arms are. They can’t 30 the shape f smething by feeling it, like we can.
21．A．difficultB．amazingC．energeticD．rare
22．A．useB．createC．clseD．design
23．A．speciallyB．slwlyC．quicklyD．mainly
24．A．yellwB．blueC．redD．pink
25．A．cleverB．interestingC．strngD．exciting
26．A．hunterB．wrkerC．playerD．manager
27．A．catchB．watchC．killD．kick
28．A．pick upB．take awayC．get upD．get away
29．A．prtectinB．directinC．actinD．decisin
30．A．cme utB．turn utC．wrk utD．blw ut
五、阅读理解。
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。
Everybdy knws that there are usually fur seasns in a year. 31
As ur planet mves arund the sun, the light frm the sun falls n the earth frm different directins. This helps create the seasns. At different times f the year, there is mre sunlight in sme places and less sunlight in thers. Mre sunlight means lnger days and warmer weather. 32 It gets clder in autumn and winter because the days are shrter, and we get less light frm the sun.
The seasns fall at different times f the year arund the wrld. Fr example, China is t the nrth f the equatr (赤道). Here, we experience summer frm June t August. 33 In Australia, it is summer frm December t February, and Australians have their spring when we have ur autumn.
34 The httest and the cldest parts f the wrld usually have nly tw seasns. It is always ht in places clse t the equatr. These places are the trpics (热带地区). Instead f ur fur seasns, many parts f the trpics have a rainy seasn and a dry seasn. 35 Arund the Nrth and Suth Ples, there are nly tw seasns t: a very cld winter and a smewhat less cld summer.
A．But spring and summer are lng.
B．This is why we have spring and summer.
C．But d yu knw hw the fur seasns cme?
D．Peple will never experience winter in these areas.
E．But d yu knw the clurs f the fur seasns?
F．Nt all places in the wrld have fur seasns like urs.
G．T the suth f the equatr, June, July and August are winter mnths.
六、任务型阅读。
A retired pstman frm Türkiye and a beautiful white swan have been tgether fr nearly frty years, and the stry f their friendship has warmed the hearts f millins f peple.
In 1984, Recep Mirzan was in a car with a grup f friends when he saw a swan that appeared t have a brken wing in an empty field.
Mirzan quickly realized that leaving the bird there was the same as signing its death sentence, fr meat-eating animals wuld have mst likely eaten her, s he stpped the car and tk the bird with him. He kept her in the car until evening. Then he tk her hme and started nursing her back t health.
“Since I lve animals, I shuld take her hme instead f leaving her as dinner t fxes,” Mirzan said. “We get used t each ther. We never separate.”
Even after the swan’s brken wing healed (痊愈), she didn’t fly away. Instead, she acted as a friend t the ther animals n Mirzan’s farm, and decided t stick arund. Mirzan named her Garip and nw she has been with him ever since.
“She cmes when I call her. Since 1984, she has never left me, nt even during the river flds,” the retired pstman said. “She used t be strnger, but she has grwn ld nw. If she dies, I will make her a nice grave (墓穴) here, but I hpe we spend mre time tgether.”
She is busy fllwing her human friend arund, either during his daily chres, r n his evening walks.
After his wife died a few years ag, Recep Mirzan started spending mre time with his animals. Since he has n human children, he regards Garip as his child.
根据短文内容，回答问题。(每题答案不超过16个词)
36．Wh fund a swan with a brken wing?

37．Why did the man take the swan hme?

38．What did the swan d when her brken wing healed?

39．Hw lng has the swan lived with the man?

40．What d yu think f Recep Mirzan?

参考答案
1．cecsystem/system
【详解】句意：鲨鱼在海洋生态系统中处于食物链的顶端。根据常识和首字母可知，此处指“海洋生态系统”，用名词ecsystem“生态系统”，故填ecsystem。
2．kindly
【详解】句意：我们应该通过减少废物和循环利用来始终友好地对待自然。根据句子结构和语境，这里需要填入一个副词来修饰动词“treat”，根据中文提示可知，应填入对应的副词kindly。故填kindly。
3．climate
【详解】句意：由于恶劣的气候，许多动物找不到足够的食物，它们处于极大的危险之中。“气候”用名词climate，为不可数名词。故填climate。
4．(t)herefre
【详解】句意：他没有学习，因此，他考试不及格。根据首字母提示和“He didn’t failed the exam”可知，前后为因果关系，therefre“因此”符合语境。故填(t)herefre。
5．(d)esert
【详解】句意：骆驼是一种能在沙漠中长期缺水的环境中生存的动物。根据首字母提示及“Camels are animals that can live in the...”可知，空处指“沙漠”，需英文为desert，in the desert“在沙漠里”，固定搭配。故填(d)esert。
6．grassland/grasslands
【详解】句意：我很期待躺在呼伦贝尔的草地上。根据汉语提示可知，grassland“草地”，名词，复数形式为“grasslands”，此处两者皆可。故填grassland/grasslands。
7．rainfall
【详解】句意：每年夏天，中国东部的降雨量很多。降雨量：rainfall，“rainfall”是不可数名词，在句中作宾语，“much”修饰不可数名词。故填rainfall。
8．C
【详解】句意：——我们为什么要保护雨林？——因为它是一个重要的生态系统，支持许多物种。
考查名词辨析。climate气候；habitat栖息地；ecsystem生态系统。根据“supprts many species”可知，雨林是一个支持物种的生态系统，故选C。
9．A
【详解】句意：我喜欢昆明的气候。那里全年温暖。
考查名词辨析。climate气候；animal动物；plant植物；muntain山。根据下文“It’s warm all year rund”（全年温暖）可知，这里描述的是昆明的“气候”。故选A。
10．C
【详解】句意：——存钱以备不时之需是个好主意。——是真的。我们应该存一些钱以备不时之需。
考查情景交际。Of curse nt当然不；I dn’t agree我不同意；It’s true这是对的；I dn’t knw我不知道。根据“We shuld save sme mney fr a time when we will need it.”可知此处表示赞同上文的观点，认为未雨绸缪是个好主意。故选C。
11．D
【详解】句意：——他们长什么样？——他们很强壮。
考查动词。根据“They are strng.”可知此处是询问他们长什么样，“lk like”意为“看起来像”，是动词短语，在特殊疑问句中，需要借助助动词来构成疑问语序，主语“they”是复数，所以助动词用“d”，后面接“lk like”。故选D。
12．A
【详解】句意：我们应该妥善地摆脱垃圾以保持我们城市的清洁。
考查动词辨析和动词短语。rid使摆脱；prevent阻止；return返回；harm伤害。根据“t keep ur city clean”可知，为了保持城市清洁，要摆脱垃圾。get rid f“摆脱”，固定搭配。故选A。
13．A
【详解】句意：——你所在城市的气候如何？——夏天经常下雨。
考查名词词义辨析。climate气候；center中心；plant植物；building建筑物。根据答语“It ften rains in summer.”（夏天经常下雨）可知，此处是在询问对方所在城市的气候情况，所以应该用climate。故选A。
14．C
【详解】句意：——我长大后想当篮球运动员，我的父母非常支持我的梦想。——这是一个伟大的梦想，你的父母真好。
考查动词辨析。destry摧毁；ntice注意；supprt支持；fllw跟随。根据“yur parents are s nice”可知，应是“支持我的梦想”。故选C。
15．D
【详解】句意：妈妈，我正要去市场。你想要任何东西吗?
考查不定代词在疑问句中的应用。smething某事物或某事，主要用于肯定句；everything一切事物，强调“全部”；nthing没有任何东西；anything任何事物，主要用于疑问句和否定句。设空所在句是疑问句，结合语境可知，此处应用 anything 表示“任何东西”。故选D。
16．B 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．E
【导语】本文主要讲述了Mary和Bill在去学校图书馆的路上相遇并展开的对话。他们讨论了各自去图书馆的目的，Mary想借一些关于自然的书籍并准备写一篇关于生态平衡保护的报告，Bill则表示要去图书馆学习。
16．根据“Hi, Mary!”和“T the schl library.”可知，Bill在询问Mary的去向，选项B“你要去哪里？”符合语境。故选B。
17．根据“I’m als ging there.”和“OK.”可知，Bill提议一起走，选项A“我们一起去吧。”符合语境。故选A。
18．根据“N. I want t study there.”和“I want t brrw sme bks n nature.”可知，Bill在询问Mary计划去那里做什么，选项D“你打算在那里做什么？”符合语境。故选D。
19．根据“I want t brrw sme bks n nature.”和“Yes. And I’m ging t write abut…”可知，Bill在确认Mary是否对自然感兴趣，选项C“你对大自然感兴趣吗？”符合语境。故选C。
20．根据“That’s a gd tpic.”和“I hpe s.”可知，空处应是Bill对Mary的报告结果的预判，选项E“你的同学们会更了解它。”符合语境。故选E。
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了章鱼的独特特征，包括其生理结构、捕食技巧和防御机制，展现了它们的高智商和适应能力。
21．句意：它们在许多方面是令人惊叹的。
difficult困难的；amazing惊人的；energetic精力充沛的；rare稀有的。根据“They have three hearts. They can walk, they can swim, and they can drive themselves frward at high speed.”可知章鱼有三颗心脏、能走路，能游泳，还能高速行驶，可见它们在许多方面是令人惊叹的。故选B。
22．句意：它们甚至知道如何打开螺旋盖罐子以及如何使用工具！
use使用；create创造；clse关闭；design设计。根据“They even knw hw t pen screw-tp jars”可知，它们会使用工具。故选A。
23．句意：虽然章鱼主要吃小鱼，但它们能攻击并杀死小鲨鱼。
specially专门地；slwly缓慢地；quickly快速地；mainly主要地。“mainly”与后文“but”构成转折逻辑，说明其主要食物是小鱼。故选D。
24．句意：在寒冷和低氧环境（如深海）中，它运输氧气的能力远胜于我们的红色血液。
yellw黄色；blue蓝色；red红色；pink粉色。人类血液为红色，与章鱼的蓝血对比。故选C。
25．句意：它们必须运用聪明的伎俩。
clever聪明的；interesting有趣的；strng强壮的；exciting兴奋的。根据“They must ”以及前文内容可知章鱼因易疲劳而需高效捕猎，所以必须用聪明的伎俩。故选A。
26．句意：作为猎人，章鱼通过强效毒素控制猎物。
hunter猎手；wrker工人；player玩家；manager经理。根据“an ctpus brings its prey under cntrl”可知章鱼控制猎物，所以是狩猎者。故选A。
27．句意：十厘米长的蓝环章鱼毒性极强，可轻松杀死一个成年人。
catch抓住；watch观看；kill杀死；kick踢。根据“The ten-centimetre-lng blue-ringed ctpus is s pisnus that it can easily”可知章鱼的毒性很强，可以杀死一个成年人。故选C。
28．句意：如果那没有用，章鱼会释放一团黑墨并迅速逃离。
pick up捡起；take away拿走；get up起床；get away逃离。根据“If that desn’t wrk, the ctpus will release a clud f dark ink and quickly”可知章鱼会释放一团黑墨并迅速逃离。故选D。
29．句意：它们能向任何方向转动。
prtectin保护；directin方向；actin行动；decisin决定。根据“They can turn in any ”可知，触手很灵活，可以转向任何方向。故选B。
30．句意：它们无法像我们那样通过触摸，推断物体的形状。
cme ut出现；turn ut结果是；wrk ut计算出；blw ut吹灭。根据“the shape f smething by feeling it, like we can.”可知，章鱼无法通过触摸来识别物体形状。故选C。
31．C 32．B 33．G 34．F 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了四季的形成原因，以及不同地区季节的差异。
31．根据上文“Everybdy knws that there are usually fur seasns in a year.”可知，此处需要提出疑问以引出下文对四季形成原因的解释；选项C“但是你知道四季是如何形成的吗？”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
32．根据上文“Mre sunlight means lnger days and warmer weather.”以及下文“It gets clder in autumn and winter because the days are shrter, and we get less light frm the sun.”可知，此处是说明春夏季节形成的原因；选项B“这就是为什么我们有春季和夏季的原因。”符合上下文逻辑。故选B。
33．根据上文“China is t the nrth f the equatr. Here, we experience summer frm June t August.”可知，中国位于赤道以北，从六月到八月是夏天。下文提到的澳大利亚，与我们的季节相反；选项G“赤道以南，六月、七月和八月是冬季。”符合上下文逻辑。故选G。
34．根据下文“The httest and the cldest parts f the wrld usually have nly tw seasns.”可知，世界上最热和最冷的地区通常只有两个季节。此处应引入“并非所有地方都有四季”的主题；选项F“世界上并不是所有地方都像我们一样拥有四季。”符合语境。故选F。
35．根据上文“It is always ht in places clse t the equatr. These places are the trpics. Instead f ur fur seasns, many parts f the trpics have a rainy seasn and a dry seasn.”可知，靠近赤道的热带地区总是很热。许多热带地区没有我们的四季，而是有雨季和旱季。此处需要进一步说明热带地区的气候特点；选项D“这些地区的人们永远不会经历冬季。”符合热带地区的气候特征。故选D。
36．Recep Mirzan. 37．Because he was afraid meat-eating animals wuld eat her and he lved animals. 38．She acted as a friend t the animals n Mirzan’s farm, and decided t stick arund. 39．Fr abut 40 years. 40．He is a kind and caring persn wh lves animals.(言之有理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了土耳其一位退休邮递员与一只天鹅之间长达近40年的感人友谊。
36．根据文章第2段“In 1984, Recep Mirzan was in a car with a grup f friends when he saw a swan that appeared t have a brken wing in an empty field.”可知，发现天鹅的人是Recep Mirzan。故填Recep Mirzan.
37．根据文章第3段“Since I lve animals, I shuld take her hme instead f leaving her as dinner t fxes,” Mirzan said.”可知，他带天鹅回家是因为他喜欢动物，不想让它被食肉动物吃掉。故填Because he was afraid meat-eating animals wuld eat her and he lved animals.
38．根据文章第5段“Even after the swan’s brken wing healed, she didn’t fly away. Instead, she acted as a friend t the ther animals n Mirzan’s farm, and decided t stick arund.”可知，天鹅痊愈后留在了农场，与其他动物成为朋友。故填She acted as a friend t the animals n Mirzan’s farm, and decided t stick arund.
39．根据文章第1段“A retired pstman frm Türkiye and a beautiful white swan have been tgether fr nearly frty years”可知，天鹅与老人一起生活了近40年。故填Fr abut 40 years.
40．根据文章第3段他对天鹅的救助和照顾，以及最后一段“Since he has n human children, he regards Garip as his child.”可知，他是一个善良、有爱心的人。故填He is a kind and caring persn wh lves animals.