2025年秋人教版八年级上册Unit 3 Same or Difference 单词精讲课件（含练习及答案）

这是一份2025年秋人教版八年级上册Unit 3 Same or Difference 单词精讲课件（含练习及答案），共51页。
Unit 3 Same or Difference 重点词汇短语解析2025年秋人教版八上PART 01黑体单词用法详解PART 04答案解析与总结PART 02词组搭配剖析PART 03词汇练习题目录01 黑体单词用法详解1.compare ：/kəm'peə(r)/ v.释义：比较；对比用法：常与 with 或 to 搭配，compare...with... 表示 “把…… 和…… 作比较”，强调两者差异；compare...to... 表示 “把…… 比作……”，侧重于相似之处。搭配：compare...with/to...（把…… 与…… 比较 / 比作）；compare notes（交换意见）例句：Compare your answers with your partner's.（把你的答案和你同伴的作比较。）；Poets often compare life to a journey.（诗人常把人生比作一场旅程。）；Let's compare notes after the meeting.（会后我们交换一下意见吧。）2.loud：/laʊd/ adv. / adj.副词释义：响亮地副词用法：修饰动词，放在动词之后。形容词释义：大声的形容词用法：修饰名词，放在名词之前。搭配：speak loud（大声说）； play music loud（把音乐放得很大声）；a loud voice（大声）例句：Don't talk so loud. The baby is sleeping.（别这么大声说话。宝宝在睡觉。）He played the drums loud.（他把鼓敲得很响。）She has a very loud voice.（她的声音很大。）3.perform：/pə'fɔːm/ v. 释义：表演；执行用法：表示 “表演” 时，指在观众面前展示才艺；表示 “执行” 时，常与任务、工作等搭配。搭配：perform a play（表演戏剧）；perform a task（执行任务）；perform well（表现出色）例句：The students will perform a dance at the party.（学生们将在聚会上表演舞蹈。）；He performed his duties carefully.（他认真履行职责。）；The team performed well in the competition.（这个队在比赛中表现出色。）4.solve：/sɒlv/ v. 释义：解决；解答用法：常与问题、难题等搭配。搭配：solve a problem（解决问题）；solve a mystery（解开谜团）例句：We need to find a way to solve this problem.（我们需要找到解决这个问题的方法。）；The detective solved the mystery in the end.（侦探最终解开了谜团。）5.congratulation ：/kən,ɡrætʃu'leɪʃn/ n.释义：祝贺；恭喜；Congratulations (on…)! (对…… 表示) 祝贺！用法：常用复数形式，单独使用或与介词 on 搭配。搭配：Congratulations on sth.（对某事表示祝贺）；offer congratulations（表示祝贺）例句：Congratulations on your success!（祝贺你取得成功！）；We offered our congratulations to him on his promotion.（我们祝贺他升职。）6.attend：/ə'tend/ v. 释义：参加；出席用法：常与会议、学校、活动等搭配。搭配：attend a meeting（参加会议）；attend school（上学）；attend a party（参加聚会）例句：I will attend the meeting tomorrow.（我明天将参加会议。）；He attends school by bike every day.（他每天骑自行车上学。）；She attended the party last night.（她昨晚参加了聚会。）7.besides：/bɪ'saɪdz/ prep. / adv. 介词释义：除…… 之外 (还)介词用法：表示包含在内的 “除了”，相当于 “in addition to”。副词释义：而且副词用法：用于补充说明，常放在句首或句中。搭配：besides sth./sb.（除…… 之外还）例句：Besides English, he also studies French.（除了英语，他还学法语。）；I like reading. Besides, it can improve my knowledge.（我喜欢阅读。而且，它能增长我的知识。）8.spare：/speə(r)/ adj. / v. 形容词释义：空闲的；备用的形容词用法：修饰名词。动词释义：抽出；拨出动词用法：常与时间、金钱等搭配。搭配：spare time（空闲时间）；spare parts（备件）；spare sb. some time（为某人抽出时间）例句：I have some spare time on weekends.（我周末有一些空闲时间。）；We need to buy some spare parts for the car.（我们需要为汽车买一些备件。）；Can you spare me a few minutes?（你能为我抽出几分钟时间吗？）9.pleasure：/ˈpleʒə(r)/ n. 释义：乐事；愉快；荣幸用法：常用于 It's a pleasure.（不用谢。）/My pleasure.（别客气。）等表达中；也可表示 “令人愉快的事”。搭配：with pleasure（愉快地；乐意地）；It's a pleasure to do sth.（做某事是一件乐事）例句：-Thank you for helping me. -It's a pleasure.（- 谢谢你帮我。- 不用谢。）I accepted the invitation with pleasure.（我愉快地接受了邀请。）It's a pleasure to meet you.（见到你很高兴。）10.appearance：/ə'pɪərəns/ n.释义：外表；露面用法：表示人的外貌或事物的外观，也可指某人的出现。搭配：judge by appearance（以貌取人）；make an appearance（露面）例句：We shouldn't judge a person by his appearance.（我们不应该以貌取人。）；She made a sudden appearance at the party.（她突然出现在聚会上。）11.personality：/ˌpɜːsə'næləti/ n. 释义：性格；品质用法：指人的个性特点。搭配：a good personality（好性格）；a strong personality（个性很强）例句：She has a very friendly personality.（她性格非常友好。）；His strong personality makes him stand out.（他个性很强，这使他很出众。）12.serious：/ˈsɪəriəs/ adj. 释义：严肃的；严重的用法：表示人态度严肃，或事情严重。搭配：be serious about（对…… 认真）；a serious problem（严重的问题）例句：He is serious about his study.（他对学习很认真。）；We are facing a serious problem.（我们正面临一个严重的问题。）13.fact：/fækt/ n.释义：事实；现实用法：常与 in 搭配，in fact（事实上）。搭配：in fact（事实上）；as a matter of fact（事实上）；face the fact（面对事实）例句：In fact, I didn't know the truth at first.（事实上，我一开始并不知道真相。）As a matter of fact, he is a very kind - hearted person.（事实上，他是一个非常善良的人。）；We should face the fact bravely.（我们应该勇敢地面对事实。）14.slim ：/slɪm/ adj.释义：苗条的；薄的用法：形容人身材苗条或物体薄。搭配：a slim girl（苗条的女孩）；a slim book（薄书）例句：She is a very slim girl.（她是个非常苗条的女孩。）；This is a slim book. It's easy to carry.（这是一本薄书。很容易携带。）15.population：/ˌpɒpju'leɪʃn/ n.释义：人口用法：常与 large, small 等词搭配表示人口数量的多少；对人口提问用 What's the population of...?搭配：a large/small population（人口多 / 少）；What's the population of...?（…… 的人口是多少？）例句：China has a large population.（中国人口众多。）；What's the population of your city?（你们城市的人口是多少？）16.average：/ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. 释义：平均的；平常的用法：表示平均的数量、比率等，或指普通的、平常的事物。搭配：the average temperature（平均温度）；on average（平均）；an average student（一名普通学生）例句：The average temperature in summer here is 30℃.（这里夏天的平均温度是 30 摄氏度。）；On average, we receive 20 emails a day.（我们平均每天收到 20 封电子邮件。）；He is an average student in our class.（他是我们班的一名普通学生。）17.pleasant：/ˈpleznt/ adj.释义：宜人的；友好的用法：形容天气、环境等令人愉快，或人友好。搭配：a pleasant day（愉快的一天）；pleasant weather（宜人的天气）；a pleasant person（友好的人）例句：We had a pleasant day at the park.（我们在公园度过了愉快的一天。）；The weather is very pleasant today.（今天天气非常宜人。）；She is a very pleasant person to work with.（和她一起工作很愉快。）18.alike：/ə'laɪk/ adj. / adv.形容词释义：相像的形容词用法：常作表语，不用于名词前。副词释义：相似地副词用法：修饰动词。搭配：look alike（看起来相像）；be alike in...（在…… 方面相似）例句：The two sisters look alike.（这两姐妹看起来很像。）；They are alike in many ways.（他们在很多方面相似。）；They think alike.（他们想法相似。）19.interest：/ˈɪntrest/ n. / v.名词释义：业余爱好；兴趣名词用法：常与 in 搭配，show interest in（对…… 表现出兴趣）。动词释义：使感兴趣动词用法：常用被动语态 be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）。搭配：show interest in（对…… 表现出兴趣）；be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）；lose interest in（对…… 失去兴趣）例句：He shows great interest in music.（他对音乐表现出极大的兴趣。）；I'm interested in reading books.（我对读书感兴趣。）；She lost interest in that game.（她对那个游戏失去了兴趣。）20.difference：/ˈdɪfrəns/ n.释义：差异用法：常与 between 搭配，表示两者之间的差异。搭配：the difference between...and...（…… 和…… 之间的差异）；make a difference（有影响；起作用）例句：Can you tell the difference between these two words?（你能说出这两个词之间的区别吗？）；Your help makes a big difference to me.（你的帮助对我来说意义重大。）21.sense：/sens/ n. 释义：理解力；感觉用法：表示对事物的理解或感觉，常与 of 搭配。搭配：a sense of humor（幽默感）；a sense of direction（方向感）；make sense（有意义；讲得通）例句：He has a good sense of humor.（他很有幽默感。）；I have no sense of direction. I always get lost.（我没有方向感。我总是迷路。）；What you said doesn't make sense.（你说的话没道理。）22.humour：/ˈhjuːmə(r)/ n.释义：幽默；幽默感用法：常与 a sense of 搭配，a sense of humor（幽默感）。搭配：a sense of humor（幽默感）；have a good sense of humor（很有幽默感）例句：My father has a good sense of humor. He always makes us laugh.（我父亲很有幽默感。他总是逗我们笑。）；A sense of humor is very important in our life.（幽默感在我们生活中非常重要。）23.less：/les/ adj. / adv. / pron.形容词释义：较少的；更少的;形容词用法：修饰不可数名词。副词释义：较少地；更少地;副词用法：修饰动词。代词释义：较少；更少 代词用法：单独使用或后接 of 短语。搭配：less than（少于）；less and less（越来越少）例句：I have less money than you.（我的钱比你少。）；He eats less meat now.（他现在吃肉少了。）；Less of this kind of thing will happen in the future.（将来这类事情会越来越少发生。）24.opinion：/əˈpɪnjən/ n.释义：看法；意见用法：常与 in 搭配，in one's opinion（在某人看来）。搭配：in one's opinion（在某人看来）；give oneopinion（发表某人的意见）；have an opinion on（对…… 有看法）例句：In my opinion, we should go there by train.（在我看来，我们应该坐火车去那里。）；Please give your opinion about this plan.（请就这个计划发表你的意见。）；Do you have an opinion on this new policy?（你对这项新政策有什么看法吗？）25.honest：/ˈɒnɪst/ adj.释义：坦诚的；诚实的用法：用于描述人的品质，可作定语或表语。搭配：be honest with sb.（对某人坦诚）；to be honest（说实话）例句：He is an honest boy. He never tells lies.（他是个诚实的男孩。他从不说谎。）；You should be honest with your parents.（你应该对你的父母坦诚。）；To be honest, I don't like this movie.（说实话，我不喜欢这部电影。）26.similarity：/ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ n.释义：相似之处用法：常用复数形式表示多个相似点，也可用单数形式表示某一个相似之处。搭配：similarities between...（…… 之间的相似之处）；show similarities（显示出相似之处）例句：There are many similarities between the two cultures.（这两种文化之间有很多相似之处。）；The two paintings show some similarities in style.（这两幅画在风格上显示出一些相似之处。）27.exchange：/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ v. / n.动词释义：交换动词用法：常与 with 搭配，exchange sth. with sb.（与某人交换某物）。名词释义：交换；交流名词用法：可用于短语 an exchange of（一次…… 的交换 / 交流）。搭配：exchange sth. with sb.（与某人交换某物）；exchange ideas（交换想法）；an exchange of gifts（礼物交换）例句：I exchanged my book with him.（我和他交换了我的书。）；We often exchange ideas in the discussion.（我们在讨论中经常交换想法。）；There was an exchange of gifts at the party.（聚会上有礼物交换活动。）28.expect：/ɪkˈspekt/ v.释义：预料；期待用法：后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或宾语从句。搭配：expect sth.（期待某事）；expect to do sth.（期待做某事）；expect sb. to do sth.（期望某人做某事）例句：I expect a letter from my mother.（我期待着妈妈的来信。）；We expect to visit the Great Wall next month.（我们期待下个月去参观长城。）；My parents expect me to get good grades.（我的父母期望我取得好成绩。）29.reach：/riːtʃ/ v.释义：伸手；达到用法：作 “伸手” 讲时，常与 for 搭配；作 “达到” 讲时，后可接地点名词或表示程度、数量等的词。搭配：reach for（伸手触碰）；reach a place（到达某地）；reach an agreement（达成协议）例句：He reached for the book on the shelf.（他伸手去够书架上的书。）；We reached the park at 9 o'clock.（我们九点钟到达了公园。）；They finally reached an agreement after a long discussion.（经过长时间的讨论，他们最终达成了协议。）02 词组用法详解30.as...as... 用法讲解词性：短语释义：像…… 一样……用法：用于比较两个人或事物在某方面的程度相同，中间用形容词或副词原级。搭配：as + adj./adv. + as...（和…… 一样……）例句：He is as tall as his father.（他和他父亲一样高。）；She runs as fast as I do.（她跑得和我一样快。）；This book is as interesting as that one.（这本书和那本书一样有趣。）31.have sth. in common 用法讲解词性：短语释义：有共同之处用法：表示两个人或事物在某些方面相似或相同。搭配：have sth in common（有…… 共同之处）；have much/a lot in common（有很多共同之处）；have little in common（几乎没有共同之处）例句：My sister and I have a lot in common. We both like reading.（我妹妹和我有很多共同之处。我们都喜欢阅读。）；They have little in common, so they don't get along well.（他们几乎没有共同之处，所以相处得不好。）32.thanks to 用法讲解词性：短语释义：归功于；由于；因为用法：后接名词、代词或动名词，引导原因状语。搭配：thanks to sth./sb.（由于某事 / 某人）例句：Thanks to his help, I passed the exam.（多亏了他的帮助，我通过了考试。）；Thanks to the good weather, we had a great trip.（由于天气好，我们的旅行很愉快。）33.make a mistake 用法讲解词性：短语释义：犯错误用法：表示在行为、判断等方面出现错误。搭配：make a mistake（犯错误）；make mistakes（犯多个错误）；make a big mistake（犯一个大错误）例句：Everyone makes mistakes. The important thing is to learn from them.（每个人都会犯错。重要的是要从错误中学习。）；I made a mistake in my math homework.（我在数学作业中犯了一个错误。）；He made some mistakes during the speech.（他在演讲过程中犯了一些错误。）34.by accident 用法讲解词性：短语释义：偶然；意外地用法：在句中作状语，相当于 accidentally。例句：I met my old friend by accident on the street.（我在街上偶然遇到了我的老朋友。）；He found the lost key by accident.（他意外地找到了丢失的钥匙。）35.care about 用法讲解词性：短语释义：关心；担心用法：后接名词、代词或动名词，表达对某人或某事的关注和担忧。搭配：care about sb./sth.（关心某人 / 某事）；care about doing sth.（在意做某事）例句：We should care about the environment.（我们应该关心环境。）；She doesn't care about what others think.（她不在乎别人怎么想。）36.lend (sb) a hand 用法讲解词性：短语释义：帮助 (某人)用法：相当于 help (sb.)，后可接 with sth. 表示在某方面帮助。搭配：lend (sb) a hand（帮助某人）；lend (sb) a hand with sth.（在某事上帮助某人）例句：Can you lend me a hand? I can't move this heavy box.（你能帮我一下吗？我搬不动这个重箱子。）；Please lend me a hand with my homework.（请帮我做一下作业。）03 词汇练习题一.词汇练习选择题1.You should ______ your answers carefully before handing in the test paper. A. compare B. perform C. solve2.The music is too ______. Please turn it down. A. aloud B. loud C. loudly3.The students will ______ a short play at the school party. A. attend B. perform C. solve4.Congratulations ______ your winning the competition! A. to B. on C. for5.He didn't ______ the meeting because he was ill. A. attend B. reach C. performABBBA一.词汇练习选择题6.My sister is as ______ as me. We both like reading. A. taller B. tall C. tallest7.______ English, I also like French. A. Beside B. Besides C. Except8.I have no ______ time this weekend. I'm very busy. A. spare B. pleasant C. serious9.It's a great ______ to meet you here. A. pleasure B. pleasant C. please10.My brother and I ______ a lot in common. We both like sports. A. have B. has C. hadBBAAA二.词汇练习填空题1.We should learn to ______ (compare) different cultures.2.The baby is sleeping. Please speak ______ (loud).3.She is going to ______ (perform) a song at the party.4.______ (congratulation) on your new job!5.I didn't ______ (attend) the meeting yesterday because I was busy.6.My sister is as ______ (tall) as I am.7.______ (beside) singing, she also likes dancing.8.I have some ______ (spare) time on Sundays. I can read books.9.It's a ______ (please) to talk with you.10.My parents and I have many things ______ (in common).comparequietlyperformCongratulationsattendtallBesidessparepleasurein common三.词汇练习题 - 翻译题(1)1.请比较这两个单词。2.她唱歌声音很大。3.他们将在晚会上表演一个短剧。4.祝贺你通过了考试！5.他昨天参加了一个重要会议。6.我的房间和你的一样大。7.除了数学，他还喜欢物理。8.我周末有一些空闲时间。9.见到你是我的荣幸。10.我和我的朋友有很多共同之处。Please compare these two words.She sings very loud.They will perform a short play at the party.Congratulations on passing the exam!He attended an important meeting yesterday.My room is as big as yours.Besides math, he also likes physics.I have some spare time on weekends.It's my pleasure to meet you.My friend and I have a lot in common.三.词汇练习题 - 翻译题(2)1.我们应该学会解决生活中的问题。2.不要以貌取人。3.这个城市的人口是多少？4.她是一个非常友好的女孩。5.他很有幽默感。6.多亏了老师的帮助，我取得了好成绩。7.你应该对你的朋友诚实。8.我在回家的路上偶然遇到了我的老师。9.我期待收到你的来信。10.你能帮我一下吗？We should learn to solve the problems in our lives.Don't judge people by their appearance.What's the population of this city?She is a very pleasant girl.He has a good sense of humor.Thanks to the teacher's help, I got good grades.You should be honest with your friends.I met my teacher by accident on my way home.I'm looking forward to hearing from you.Can you lend me a hand?04 答案解析04选择答案解析1.答案：A。解析：compare 意为 “比较”，符合 “交试卷前仔细比较答案” 的语境；perform 是 “表演；执行”，solve 是 “解决”，均不符合，所以选 A。2.答案：B。解析：loud 既可以作形容词也可以作副词，这里表示 “声音太大”，用形容词 loud；aloud 常表示 “出声地”，loudly 侧重于 “大声地，响亮地”，常修饰动词，所以选 B。3.答案：B。解析：perform a short play 表示 “表演一个短剧”，attend 是 “参加”，solve 是 “解决”，所以选 B。4.答案：B。解析：Congratulations on... 是固定搭配，表示 “对…… 表示祝贺”，所以选 B。5.答案：A。解析：attend the meeting 表示 “参加会议”，reach 是 “到达；伸手”，perform 是 “表演；执行”，所以选 A。6.答案：B。解析：as...as... 中间用形容词或副词原级，所以选 B。7.答案：B。解析：besides 表示 “除…… 之外（还）”，符合 “除了英语还喜欢法语” 的语境；beside 是 “在…… 旁边”，except 表示 “除…… 之外（不包括）”，所以选 B。8.答案：A。解析：spare time 表示 “空闲时间”，pleasant 是 “宜人的；友好的”，serious 是 “严肃的；严重的”，所以选 A。9.答案：A。解析：It's a pleasure to do sth. 表示 “做某事是一件乐事”，pleasure 是名词；pleasant 是形容词，please 是动词，所以选 A。10.答案：A。解析：have sth. in common 表示 “有共同之处”，主语 My brother and I 是复数，用 have，所以选 A。填空答案解析1.compare。解析：learn to do sth. 表示 “学会做某事”，用动词原形 compare。2.quietly。解析：根据 “宝宝在睡觉” 可知要小声说话，loud 的反义词是 quietly（安静地）。3.perform。解析：be going to do sth. 表示 “打算做某事”，用动词原形 perform。4.Congratulations。解析：Congratulations on... 是固定表达，用复数形式。5.attend。解析：didn't 后接动词原形，所以用 attend。6.tall。解析：as...as... 中间用形容词原级，所以用 tall。7.Besides。解析：表示 “除…… 之外（还）” 用 Besides，注意句首大写。8.spare。解析：spare time 表示 “空闲时间”，用形容词 spare 修饰 time。9.pleasure。解析：It's a pleasure to do sth. 中用名词 pleasure。10.in common。解析：have sth. in common 是固定短语，所以填 in common。翻译(1)答案解析1.Please compare these two words.2.She sings very loud.3.They will perform a short play at the party.4.Congratulations on passing the exam!5.He attended an important meeting yesterday.6.My room is as big as yours.7.Besides math, he also likes physics.8.I have some spare time on weekends.9.It's my pleasure to meet you.10.My friend and I have a lot in common.翻译(2)答案解析1.We should learn to solve the problems in our lives.2.Don't judge people by their appearance.3.What's the population of this city?4.She is a very pleasant girl.5.He has a good sense of humor.6.Thanks to the teacher's help, I got good grades.7.You should be honest with your friends.8.I met my teacher by accident on my way home.9.I'm looking forward to hearing from you.10.Can you lend me a hand?