寒假练习 4 情态动词 人教版英语八年级上册

这是一份寒假练习 4 情态动词 人教版英语八年级上册，共13页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，用适当的情态动词填空，完形填空，句型转换，阅读理解，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题说明：本专题针对人教版八年级上册核心语法点“情态动词”进行系统训练，涵盖can/culd, may/might, must, need, shall/shuld, will/wuld等常见情态动词的基本含义、表推测、表请求许可、表必要性等用法。题目编制严格遵循课标要求，无超纲内容，按照“基础→应用→综合”的认知梯度设计，旨在通过分层练习帮助学生掌握情态动词在不同语境中的准确运用。
一、单项选择（共10小题，每小题2分，计20分）
选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，考查对情态动词基本含义的识别和简单语境判断。
1. — ______ I use yur dictinary? I left mine at hme.
— Sure, here yu are.
A. Must B. Need C. Culd D. Shuld
2. Students ______ wear schl unifrms n weekdays accrding t the schl rules.
A. can B. may C. must D. culd
3. — Wh is the by ver there? Is it Jhn?
— N, it ______ be Jhn. Jhn is much taller.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. wn't
4. Yu ______ finish yur hmewrk befre yu watch TV. That's the rule.
A. can B. may C. have t D. culd
5. — Must I clean the classrm nw?
— N, yu ______. Yu can d it after schl.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. shuldn't
6. The light is n. Mr. Zhang ______ be in his ffice. Let's g and check.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
7. — ______ yu play the guitar when yu were ten?
— Yes, and I still can nw.
A. Can B. Culd C. May D. Must
8. It's raining heavily. Yu ______ stay here until the rain stps.
A. had better B. wuld rather C. might D. culd
9. — May I g t the mvies with my friends tnight, Mm?
— Yes, yu ______. But yu must be back by 9 p.m.
A. may B. must C. need D. will
10. Yu ______ be careful when yu crss the street. It's dangerus.
A. can B. may C. shuld D. wuld
二、用适当的情态动词填空（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）
根据句意，从方框中选择一个恰当的情态动词填空，注意使用其正确形式。
can, culd, may, must, need, shuld, had better
11. — ______ yu help me with this heavy bx?
— Of curse.
12. It's very cld utside. Yu ______ put n yur cat.
13. — ______ I brrw yur pen?
— Srry, I'm using it nw.
14. We ______ keep ur classrm clean and tidy.
15. He ______ swim acrss the river when he was yung.
三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题2分，计20分）
阅读下面短文，根据上下文选择恰当的情态动词，考查在连贯语境中的综合运用能力。
As a student, yu 16 ften hear abut rules. Sme rules seem strict, but they are usually fr ur gd. Fr example, we 17 be quiet in the library. Why? Because if we talk ludly, thers 18 cncentrate n their bks. We 19 als eat r drink there. Fd 20 attract insects and damage the bks.
Anther rule is that we 21 hand in ur hmewrk n time. This helps us learn t be respnsible. Of curse, if yu are really sick, yu 22 wrry abut it. Yu 23 just tell yur teacher and hand it in later.
Sme students ask, “24 we have s many rules?” I think rules are like rad signs. They tell us what we 25 r 25 nt d t keep everything in rder. They help us and prtect us.
16. A. can B. must C. need D. shuld
17. A. can B. must C. may D. might
18. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shuldn't
19. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shuldn't
20. A. can B. must C. shuld D. wuld
21. A. can B. may C. must D. culd
22. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shuldn't
23. A. can B. must C. need D. shuld
24. A. Must B. Need C. Shuld D. Can
25. A. can; can B. must; must C. shuld; shuldn't D. may; may nt
四、句型转换（共5小题，每小题4分，计20分）
根据要求改写句子，每空限填一词，考查对情态动词不同用法的理解和转换能力。
26. It is necessary fr yu t arrive at schl n time. (改为同义句)
Yu ______ ______ arrive at schl n time.
27. Perhaps he is in the library nw. (改为同义句，用情态动词表推测)
He ______ ______ in the library nw.
28. Yu are nt allwed t smke here. (改为同义句，用情态动词)
Yu ______ ______ here.
29. It's nt necessary fr her t cme s early. (改为同义句)
She ______ ______ cme s early.
30. I'm sure that is Mr. Li. He always wears a black cat. (改为同义句，用情态动词表确信)
That ______ ______ Mr. Li. He always wears a black cat.
五、阅读理解（共5小题，每小题3分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案，考查在真实语境中理解情态动词含义和进行逻辑判断的能力。
Schl Safety Rules
T make sure all students are safe at schl, we have sme imprtant rules. Every student must fllw them.
On the playgrund: Yu may run and play, but yu must nt push r fight with thers. Yu shuld wear sprts shes t prtect yur feet.
In the science lab: Yu must listen t the teacher carefully. Yu cannt tuch anything befre the teacher tells yu t. If yu are nt sure what t d, yu shuld ask the teacher immediately.
During fire drills (消防演习): When yu hear the alarm, yu must stp what yu are ding and leave the building quickly. Yu shuld nt g back fr yur things. Yu must line up quietly and fllw yur teacher t the safe area.
On the schl bus: Yu must stay in yur seat when the bus is mving. Yu may talk quietly, but yu must nt shut. Yu shuld nt eat r drink n the bus.
These rules might seem strict, but they are here t keep yu safe. Remember, safety cmes first!
31. What shuld yu wear n the playgrund accrding t the rules?
A. Sprts shes. B. Beautiful clthes. C. A schl unifrm. D. Anything yu like.
32. What must yu d in the science lab befre tuching things?
A. Ask yur classmates. B. Read the instructins. C. Wait fr the teacher's permissin. D. Just be careful.
33. During a fire drill, what shuld yu d?
A. Take yur schlbag with yu. B. Run as fast as yu can alne.
C. Fllw yur teacher quietly. D. G t the playgrund and play.
34. Which f the fllwing is allwed n the schl bus?
A. Eating an apple. B. Shuting t yur friend.
C. Talking quietly. D. Running in the bus.
35. Why des the schl make these rules?
A. T make students feel bred. B. T punish students.
C. T keep students safe. D. T make teachers' wrk easier.
六、书面表达（共1题，计15分）
请根据提示，运用本专题所学的表示建议、规则的情态动词，写一篇短文。
提示：你的朋友Peter经常玩电脑游戏到很晚，导致白天上课无法集中注意力，成绩下降。请你给他写一封电子邮件，针对他的问题提出至少三条建议，并说明理由。
要求：1. 至少使用3个不同的情态动词（如shuld, must, can, had better等）；2. 建议合理，理由充分；3. 词数60-80。
Dear Peter,
I'm srry t hear that yu are nt ding well in yur studies recently. I think playing t many cmputer games might be the reasn. Here is my advice fr yu.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
I hpe my advice will help yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案与解析
一、单项选择
1-5: CCBCB 6-10: CBAAC
解析：
1. C。表示礼貌的请求，用Culd。Must意为“必须”，Need意为“需要”，Shuld意为“应该”，均不符合礼貌请求的语境。
2. C。根据“accrding t the schl rules”可知是学校规定，必须穿校服，表示强制，用must。
3. B。根据“Jhn is much taller”可知，那不可能是Jhn，表示否定的推测，用can't。
4. C。根据“That's the rule”可知是规则要求，必须做，用have t（客观必须）。must强调主观必须，此处用have t更合适。
5. B。以Must提问的否定回答用needn't（不必）或dn't have t。mustn't表示禁止。
6. C。根据“The light is n”这一迹象进行肯定的推测，把握较大，用must be。
7. B。询问过去（十岁时）的能力，用Culd。
8. A。根据“It's raining heavily”给出建议，“最好”待在这里，用had better。
9. A。以May提问的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, yu may. 或 Yes, yu can. 但通常用may来对应提问的may。
10. C。过马路要小心，这是建议或劝告，用shuld。
二、用适当的情态动词填空
11. Can/Culd 12. shuld/had better 13. May/Culd 14. shuld/must 15. culd
解析：
11. 请求帮助，可以用Can或Culd，表示“你能帮我吗？”。
12. 外面冷，建议或劝告穿上外套，用shuld或had better。
13. 请求借东西，用May或Culd，表示“我可以...吗？”。
14. 保持教室整洁是我们应该做的，表示义务或建议，用shuld或must。
15. 描述他年轻时的能力，用culd。
三、完形填空
16. B 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. C
解析：
16. B。作为学生，你“必定”经常听说规则。must可以表示“必定会，一定会”的推断。
17. B。在图书馆“必须”保持安静，这是规定，用must。
18. A。如果我们大声说话，别人“不能”集中注意力，表示能力上的不能，用can't。
19. B。我们“禁止”在那里吃喝，表示禁止，用mustn't。
20. A。食物“可能会”招引昆虫，表示可能性，用can。
21. C。我们“必须”按时交作业，表示规定或义务，用must。
22. C。如果你真的生病了，你“不必”担心。表示没有必要，用needn't。
23. A。你“可以”直接告诉老师，表示允许，用can。
24. A。一些学生问：“我们‘必须’有这么多规则吗？”表示“必须，非得”，用Must。
25. C。规则告诉我们什么“应该”做，什么“不应该”做，以保持秩序。用shuld和shuldn't。
四、句型转换
26. must / have t 27. may / might / culd be 28. mustn't smke 29. needn't / desn't have t 30. must be
解析：
26. “It is necessary fr yu t...”意为“你有必要做...”，相当于“你必须/不得不做...”，用must或have t。
27. “Perhaps he is...”表示不太确定的推测，可用may/might/culd be。
28. “不被允许做某事”相当于“禁止做某事”，用mustn't d。
29. “没有必要做某事”可用needn't d或dn't have t d。
30. “I'm sure that is...”表示非常确定的推测，用must be。
五、阅读理解
31-35: ACCCC
解析：
31. A。细节题。由“On the playgrund”部分“Yu shuld wear sprts shes...”可知。
32. C。细节题。由“In the science lab”部分“Yu cannt tuch anything befre the teacher tells yu t.”可知，必须等老师允许。
33. C。细节题。由“During fire drills”部分“Yu must line up quietly and fllw yur teacher...”可知。
34. C。细节题。由“On the schl bus”部分“Yu may talk quietly, but yu must nt shut.”可知，允许轻声交谈。
35. C。主旨题。由文章首句“T make sure all students are safe at schl...”及末段可知，制定规则是为了保证安全。
六、书面表达（参考范文与评分标准）
参考范文：
Dear Peter,
I'm srry t hear that yu are nt ding well in yur studies recently. I think playing t many cmputer games might be the reasn. Here is my advice fr yu.
First, yu shuld set a time limit fr playing games. Fr example, yu can play fr nly ne hur a day. Secnd, yu must finish yur hmewrk befre yu play. Third, yu had better d sme utdr activities instead f playing games all the time. They can make yu healthier and help yu relax.
I hpe my advice will help yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
评分标准：
1. 内容完整，至少提出三条合理建议（5分）。
2. 正确使用至少3个不同的情态动词（每个2分，共6分）。
3. 语句通顺，逻辑连贯，词数达标（4分）。