高考英语二轮复习阅读理解说明文讲练测（考向+干货+模拟）学生版

这是一份高考英语二轮复习阅读理解说明文讲练测（考向+干货+模拟）学生版，共23页。试卷主要包含了标题概括题重视三性，说明文长难句落实“括号法”--，满分策略等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高考专区：把握高考命题动向，洞悉高考命题规律，提高备考针对性
技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，提供高效满分策略，帮你实现超越
1.阅读理解说明文深层理解解题居多，落实“题文同序”和“同义替换”。
2.推理判断题注重“源于文章，高于文章”，弄清来龙去脉再推断。
3.主旨大意题要关注文章的结构，尤其是“首段”和“段首”及关键词。
4.遵循“倒金字塔”模式，重视首尾段照应和首段概括引领作用。
5.标题概括题重视三性：概括性、简洁性和新颖性；同时联系首段和关键词。
6.说明文长难句落实“括号法”--（从句）（非谓语）（介词短语）（名词短语）。
7.满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心！
【01】（24-25高三下·浙江·阶段练习）Fr cycle-t-wrk peple and thse wh start the day with a walk, the benefits f banking sme early exercise are well understd. Nw scientists believe activity is nt just a gd idea fr imprving the day ahead. Physical activity culd be assciated with a small increase in memry scres the next, t. A study has shwn that 30 minutes f mderate t energetic activity and sleeping fr at least six hurs at night, culd cntribute t imprved cgnitive (认知的) perfrmance the fllwing day.
Physical activity had previusly been assciated with bth shrt-term imprvements in cgnitive functin and a reduced risk f dementia(痴呆）. Hwever, many studies lking at shrt-term impacts had been labratry based, and primarily tracked respnses n a timescale f minutes t hurs. Nw researchers say they have lked at the shrt-term impact f physical activity carried ut in real life, nt nly finding benefits t the brain but revealing these appear t last lnger than expected.
In the study, 76 adults aged 50—83 years ld, and wh did nt have cgnitive impairment r dementia, were asked t wear an accelermeter fr eight days t track their sleep and physical activity as they carried ut their nrmal life. Each day, participants were als given simple nline cgnitive tests t study their attentin, memry and prcessing speed.
The results reveal that each 30-minute increase in mderate t energetic physical activity n the previus day crrespnded t a 2—5% increase in episdic and wrking memry scres the next, althugh nly the latter remained nce participants’ sleep data was cnsidered. The team als fund each 30-minute increase in sedentary (久坐的) behaviur was assciated with a small drp in wrking memry scres the next day while thse wh slept at least six hurs a night had higher scres fr episdic memry, attentin and physical respnse speed the next day, after taking int accunt levels f physical activity, than thse wh had less sleep.
Hwever, the study has limitatins, including that the participants had high levels f educatin, excellent health and high levels f everyday physical activity.
1．What d we knw abut physical activity frm the first paragraph?
A．It helps us sleep fr six hurs at night.B．It leads t better academic perfrmance.
C．It is well understd fr its wide variety.D．It can enhance memry the fllwing day.
2．What was the study based n?
A．The participants’ age differences.B．Real-life data frm the participants.
C．Minute-t-hur cgnitive tracking.D．The labratry-cntrlled cnditins.
3．What were the participants expected t d in the study?
A．Check their health cnditins.B．Increase their physical activity.
C．Wear a special device fr days.D．Design an nline cgnitive test.
4．What can we infer frm the results f the study?
A．Wrking memry will decline if we exercise less ften.
B．Regular physical activity is a must t imprve memry.
C．30-minute walk accunts fr a dramatic rise in memry.
D．There is a link between episdic memry and gd sleep.
【02】（24-25高三下·浙江·阶段练习）OpenAI’s ChatGPT search tl may be pen t manipulatin(操控) using hidden cntent, and can return malicius cde frm websites it searches, a Guardian investigatin has fund. OpenAI has made the search prduct available t paying custmers and is encuraging users t make it their regular search tl. But the investigatin has revealed ptential security issues with the new system.
The Guardian tested hw ChatGPT respnded when asked t summarise webpages that cntain hidden cntent. This hidden cntent can cntain instructins frm third parties that change ChatGPT’s respnses, als knwn as a “prmpt injectin”, r it can cntain cntent designed t influence ChatGPT’s respnse, such as a large amunt f hidden text talking abut the benefits f a prduct r service.
In the tests, ChatGPT was given the URL fr a fake website built t lk like a prduct page fr a camera. The AI tl was then asked if the camera was a wrthwhile purchase. The respnse fr the cntrl page returned a psitive but balanced assessment, highlighting sme features peple might nt like.
Researchers next sent ChatGPT Search t a fake website that had instructins t give a psitive review and the respnse was always entirely psitive. This was the case even when the page had negative reviews n it. The simple inclusin f hidden text by third parties withut instructins can als be used t ensure a psitive assessment, with ne test including extremely psitive fake reviews which influenced the summary returned by ChatGPT.
Jacb Larsen, a cybersecurity researcher at CyberCX, said he believed that if the current ChatGPT search system was released fully in its current state, there culd be a “high risk” f peple creating websites specifically prepared twards cheating users. Hwever, he cautined that the search functinality had nly recently been released and OpenAI wuld be testing and ideally fixing these srts f issues.
Larsen said there were brader issues with cmbining search and large language mdels knwn as LLMs, the technlgy behind ChatGPT and ther chatbts and respnses frm AI tls shuld nt always be trusted.
1．What des the underlined wrd “malicius” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Harmful.B．Ridiculus.C．Secure.D．Amazing.
2．Why was a fake website designed in the investigatin?
A．T trace the surces f hidden cntent.B．T assess the ppularity f a camera.
C．T evaluate the reliability f ChatGPT.D．T get psitive but balanced reviews.
3．What is the Larsen’s suggestin fr AI tl users?
A．Cmbine search and language mdels.B．Exam and fix ptential security issues.
C．Reduce the time spent n sme chatbts.D．Take a cautius attitude t its answers.
4．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．ChatGPT Search Manipulated With Hidden Text.
B．OpenAI Cnducted Research Int Its Search Tl.
C．ChatGPT Becme a Regular Search Tl Wrldwide.
D．OpenAI Urged t Be Respnsible fr Paying Custmers.
【03】（24-25高三下·浙江·开学考试）Cats always have a reputatin fr alfness (高冷), but a recent study suggests that yu can imprve yur bnd with them by using a simple trick: smile — nt in the human way, but by narrwing yur eyes and blinking slwly.
When cats narrw their eyes and blink slwly, it’s similar t hw humans smile. This expressin typically ccurs when cats are relaxed and cntent, and it’s ften interpreted as a “cat smile.” Many cat wners have suspected that mimicking this behavir culd signal friendliness and penness.
T investigate, Karen McCmb, a University f Sussex psychlgist, cnducted tw experiments. In the first experiment, cat wners slw-blinked at 21 cats in their hmes. When the cats were settled, the wners sat abut a meter away and blinked slwly at them. Cameras recrded bth the wner’s and the cat’s faces, and the results were cmpared t hw cats blink with n human interactin. The results shwed that the cats were mre likely t slw-blink back after their wners had dne s.
The secnd experiment included 24 cats frm eight different husehlds. This time, it wasn’t the wners ding the blinking but the researchers, wh’d had n prir cntact with the cat. They perfrmed the slw-blink while extending a hand tward the cat. And they fund that nt nly were the cats mre likely t blink back, but they were als mre likely t apprach the human’s hand after the human blinked.
“This study is the first t experimentally investigate the rle f slw blinking in cat-human cmmunicatin,” McCmb said. “And it is smething yu can try yurself with yur wn cat at hme r with cats yu meet in the street. It’s a great way f enhancing the bnd yu have with cats.” Understanding hw t cmmunicate effectively with cats can nt nly help cat wners but als benefit cats in stressful envirnments like vet practices and shelters.
S, the next time yu’ re arund a cat, remember t slw-blink and see hw they respnd!
1．When will cats narrw their eyes and blink slwly?
A．When they are feeling relaxed and satisfied.B．When they are having a need fr a gd rest.
C．When they are signaling a desire fr attentin.D．When they are suffering frm stress and anxiety.
2．What can we imply frm the tw experiments?
A．Slw-blinking is a sign that cats are familiar with yu.
B．Cats are indifferent t human gestures and expressins.
C．Cats prefer t interact with their wners and ignre strangers.
D．Mimicking a cat’s slw-blink encurages a friendly respnse.
3．What is paragraph 5 mainly fcused n?
A．The limitatins f the study.B．The significance f the study.
C．The methdlgy f the study.D．The implicatins fr future research.
4．What might be the best title f the text?
A．Training Cats fr Cmmunicatin.B．Cnnecting with Cats thrugh Eyes.
C．Investigating the Psychlgy f Cats.D．Understanding Cats’ Respnses t Humans.
【04】（24-25高三下·浙江·开学考试）Imagine yu’re purchasing a lttery ticket, and yur heart races as yu check the numbers. T yur amazement, yu’ve matched five ut f six! What will yu d next? Will yu buy anther ticket? Fr mst peple, the answer is a big “Yes”.
When we cme clse t achieving a gal, we ften gain a pwerful energy that can drive us tward future success. Mnica Wadhwa, a marketing prfessr at Temple University, suggests that nt winning can actually mtivate us mre than winning itself.
In her studies, Wadhwa cnducted varius experiments t test this cncept. In ne experiment, participants played a cellphne game with the task f revealing eight diamnds. After the game, thse wh nearly wn — by getting seven diamnds — walked faster t claim their reward than bth winners and lsers. “Their mtivatin is getting intensified (加强), but then they miss it ... S what happens t this mtivatin? It hks n, giving yu the energy fr the next gal that yu have.” Wadhwa explains, “As fr the winners, they inch tward their gal, they achieve it, and their mtivatin is satisfied, which leaves them with n need t fight fr anything else.”
Hwever, this fire in yur belly shuld be used wisely. Such mtivatin can push yu tward significant gals, r be wasted n distractins. In anther experiment at a fashin-accessry stre where shppers were given scratch-ff lttery tickets, the near-winners shpped mre and spent mre than bth winners and lsers.
T harness (利用) this energy, Wadhwa advises setting gals that are slightly beynd ur reach. She encurages managers t establish challenging yet achievable targets fr their teams. Additinally, she recmmends that parents highlight hw clse their children came t winning when they experience lsses, fstering resilience and mtivatin. By understanding the unique pwer f nearly winning, we can turn setbacks int stepping stnes fr future success. As Wadhwa puts it. “Winners really d nt take it all.”
1．What’s the purpse f paragraph 1?
A．T stress the imprtance f winning.
B．T display harmful effects f the lttery.
C．T explain the rules f playing the lttery.
D．T illustrate the excitement f nearly winning.
2．Accrding t Wadhwa, what mtivated the near-winners t act faster?
A．The eagerness t win anther game.
B．The unmet ambitins fr winning games.
C．The dissatisfactin f nt achieving gals.
D．The need fr immediate recgnitin r rewards.
3．What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Feeling energized des nt always ensure success.
B．Yu shuld nt let yur emtins guide yur actins.
C．Mtivatin can lead t unwise chices if nt cntrlled.
D．Having strng ambitins always leads t acting carelessly.
4．Which statement might Wadhwa agree mst?
A．Parents shuld take their children’s lsses seriusly.
B．Managers shuld assign mre tasks t star perfrmers.
C．Encuraging children t fight fr perfectin is essential.
D．Setting slightly challenging gals can enhance mtivatin.
【05】（24-25高三下·浙江宁波·阶段练习）When we sleep, ur brain is still actively prcessing the day’s experiences and integrating them with past memries. Previus studies have identified links between pupil (瞳孔) size and sleep state, as well as between sleep state and memry frmatin. Hwever, it has been unclear hw fresh memries are prcessed withut blurring int ld nes. Fr example, hw d we learn t play the pian withut frgetting hw t ride a bike?
Researchers at Crnell University addressed this questin by attaching brain-scanning electrdes and tiny eye-tracking cameras t mice. They mnitred the mice as they learned new tasks during the day, such as navigating a maze, and then bserved them during sleep. (Fun fact: mice can sleep with their eyes pen.)
The study revealed tw distinct substages during nn-rapid eye mvement (NREM) sleep, a critical perid fr memry frmatin. One substage replayed new memries, cinciding with narrwed pupils. The ther invlved recalling lder memries, marked by widened pupils. These stages alternated rapidly. The team als discvered that during the narrwed pupil stages, blcking sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) limited the mice’s ability t remember new infrmatin.
It is als fund that the brain has an intermediate (中间的) perid that separates new learning frm ld knwledge. The results suggest that the brain can multitask distinct cgnitive prcesses during sleep t facilitate cntinuus learning withut interference. It’s like new learning, ld knwledge, new learning, ld knwledge, shifting slwly thrughut sleep.
The implicatins f the study are far-reaching: such a nn-invasive means f mnitring brain functin may help treat memry issues and bst memry, fr example. The study als supprts the hypthesis (假说) that human brains and cmputer systems may significantly frget ld infrmatin. Catastrphic frgetting, knwn in AI, is an area where machines still lag behind bilgy. What’s mre, the findings prvide a ptential slutin fr preventing catastrphic interference while enabling memry integratin in bth bilgical and artificial neural netwrks.
Despite the many similarities between human and muse brains, similar studies need t be cnducted in humans t verify these results.
1．What d researchers at Crnell University fcus n?
A．Hw pupil size is related t sleep state.
B．Hw peple learn t perfrm new tasks.
C．Hw memries are kept withut interference.
D．Hw sleep state is cnnected with memry frmatin.
2．What is the finding f the study?
A．Blcking SWRs remves ld memries.
B．The brain prcesses new memries first.
C．Widened pupil is assciated with replaying new memries.
D．A transitinal stage distinguishes ld memries frm new nes.
3．What is the implicatin f the study?
A．It prvides an invasive slutin t memry study.
B．It helps avid large-scale interference and integrate memry.
C．It denies that brains and cmputers may frget infrmatin dramatically.
D．It supprts that machines perfrm better in catastrphic frgetting than brains.
4．Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Cde f Memry Integratin in Sleep.
B．Rle f Sleep in Memry and Learning.
C．Pupil Size: A Windw int Human Brain.
D．A Breakthrugh: Hw Mice Sleep with Eyes Open.
【06】（24-25高三下·浙江宁波·阶段练习）In the cutthrat wrld f artificial intelligence, lng dminated by Silicn Valley, DeepSeek has emerged as an impressive new player. Since its debut in late 2023, this Chinese AI has stirred glbal attentin, representing mre than just anther technlgical innvatin. It’s a cmplex phenmenn that reflects the shifting landscape f innvatin, pwer and cultural influence in the AI-driven era.
Develped by QuantumThink Labs in Shenzhen, DeepSeek was created by a team f ex-Ggle Brain engineers and Peking University experts. DeepSeek is nt yur average chatbt. Trained n an astnishing 20 trillin tkens, this multimdal mdel shwcases linguistic prficiency, cde generatin capabilities and reasning skills that rival r surpass its Western cunterparts. What truly sets DeepSeek apart is its remarkable efficiency, delivering GPT-4-level perfrmance with 30 percent less cmputatinal pwer.
In a strategic mve, QuantumThink made a “lite” versin f DeepSeek pen surce, a decisin that has sparked widespread adptin acrss the glbe. Develpers frm cities like Lags t Jakarta have quickly embraced it t create petry generatrs and AI-pwered farm management tls fr rural India.
Hwever, DeepSeek’s grwing influence is nt withut challenges. There are cncerns that US gvernment may blck American firms frm using DeepSeek, mentining data security cncerns. Tariff (关税) war culd als be n the cards. Yet, such mves might backfire, ptentially harming US startups that benefit frm DeepSeek’s cst advantages.
The future f AI, with DeepSeek at the center, remains a mystery. Will it trigger a tech battle between the US and China, r will its pen-surce rts fster glbal cllabratin? DeepSeek’s stry is nt just abut technlgy; it’s abut the pwer f innvatin and agency.
Fr t lng, the AI narrative has been dminated by Western pwers. Nw, a Chinese lab has shwn that innvatin is nt exclusive t the West. Whether we enter an AI arms race r begin a new era f glbal cperatin depends n hw we chse t use and share this technlgy. As a Brazilian cder said, the future f AI must speak the language f bth the develped and develping wrld t truly succeed.
1．What des the secnd paragraph mainly talk abut?
A．The creatin f DeepSeek.B．The definitin f DeepSeek.
C．The strengths f DeepSeek.D．The efficiency f DeepSeek.
2．What might be a challenge DeepSeek faces?
A．Invlvement in tariff war.B．The pssibility f data leaking.
C．A decline in its cmpetitiveness.D．A ban n its use frm US gvernment.
3．Which f the fllwing best describes the future f AI?
A．Uncertain.B．Secure.C．Prmising.D．Depressing.
4．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．AI shuld priritize Western languages.
B．We will enter a new era f glbal AI cperatin.
C．Cnsidering glbal needs is required t ensure AI’s success.
D．Develping cuntries will eventually dminate AI innvatin.
【07】（2025·浙江·二模）When Hurricane Duglas came barreling tward Oahu in 2020, David Sisch quickly packed up and drve t higher grund. But he wasn’t shifting his family. He was shifting snails.
Sisch wrks with sme f the rarest endangered species n the planet, kāhuli — Hawaii’s native tree snails. The clrful, jewel-like snails were nce s abundant. It’s said they were like Christmas rnaments cvering the trees. Almst all f the 750 different species were fund nly in Hawaii. Tday, mre than half f thse species are gne, the extinctins happening in the span f a human lifetime. Sisch and his team with Hawaii’ s Department f Land and Natural Resurces have the heavy task f saving what’s left.
T stave ff extinctin, 40 species f snails, each abut the size f a dime, live in human care inside an unremarkable trailer near Hnlulu. Fr sme, it’s the nly place where they’ re fund, their wild ppulatins having cmpletely disappeared. “Mst peple, when they think endangered species ging extinct, they think f pandas and tigers and elephants, but imagine having 40 different species that are all as rare as pandas are,” Sisch says.
This winter, ne species f snail will inch tward an auspicius milestne. It will be released in a special enclsure in the muntains f Oahu, ne that has been painstakingly prepared t give the snails the best chance f survival in their natural envirnment.
Still, the utlk fr Hawaii’s snails is uncertain, symblizing a new era in the cnservatin f endangered species. Arund the wrld, plants and animals are being brught int enclsure as a last-ditch effrt against extinctin. But as the climate heats up and invasive species cntinue t spread, many have n clear path t return t nature in the near term. That culd mean they stay in human care. In the face f the bidiversity crisis, many wildlife bilgists say there’s n ther chice. “These are bilgical treasures that are irreplaceable,” Sisch says. “It is nw r never. What we manage t keep n Earth will be what the next generatin is able t put back.”
1．What was David’s primary cncern when Hurricane Duglas apprached?
A．The safety f his family.B．The prtectin f rare tree snails.
C．The withdrawal f lcal residents.D．The bservatin f the hurricane.
2．What’s the present state f kāhuli?
A．They are nw mre abundant than ever.B．All 750 species are still thriving in Hawaii.
C．They are in a critical situatin f extinctin.D．They can be fund in varius parts f the wrld.
3．What des the phrase “stave ff” in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A．Clarify.B．Accelerate.C．Witness.D．Prevent.
4．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．The future f Hawaii’s snails is prmising.
B．The bidiversity crisis is easy t deal with.
C．The ways t prtect endangered species are numerus.
D．The cnservatin f endangered species is challenging.
【08】（24-25高三下·浙江杭州·阶段练习）While sending gifts, we naturally make chices based n the receiver. But what if we have been wrng all alng and that we culd turn things arund, which nt nly made gift buying easier, but the receiver happier?
In 2015, a psychlgist Lauren Human did an nline survey which suggested that when buying gifts, peple preferred t chse smething based n the receiver’s persnality and tastes. Mst peple als said they preferred receiving gifts bught with them in mind: gifts fr them.
But Human wndered if this methd f giving failed t take advantage f the way we cnnect as peple. S he sent 78 vlunteers int a shpping centre befre Mther’s Day. Half were tld t buy a card that “shws yur knwledge f the receiver” while the thers bught a card that “shws yur true self”. After shpping, the givers wh had thught partly f themselves reprted feeling clser t their mthers.
T study hw the methd is received by receivers, he did anther test, asking 100 students t chse a sng t a friend, partner r family member. Each half f the grup fllwed the same instructins as the card buyers. Results suggested that the receivers f sngs which shwed smething f the givers felt clser t them than thse wh received gifts bught nly with them in mind.
Human suggests it might apply t all gifts. “If building strnger scial cnnectins is the gal” f a gift and surely it shuld be — then we “may well be advised t ffer gifts shwing urselves mre”. In shrt, fr a present t be meaningful, yu need t give away a bit f yurself, even if there is a risk that the gift might nt s clsely satisfy the receiver’s practical needs r tastes as ne gift gained simply with that in mind. Mrever, giving smething f neself can be a safer act because it decreases the risk f shwing pr knwledge f a receiver by trying t buy smething that fits their character — and failing.
1．What’s the usual cnsideratin f gift giving?
A．The cst and luxury f the gift.B．the recipient’s character and preferences.
C．Practicality and usefulness f the gift.D．The giver’s individuality.
2．What can we learn frm the Mther’s Day card test?
A．Mst peple chse gifts with the receiver in mind.
B．Mst peple chse gifts based n their persnal tastes.
C．Gifts chsen with the giver in mind wrk well n the giver.
D．Gifts chsen with the receiver in mind wrk well n the receiver.
3．What matters mst in gift giving accrding t the text?
A．Making the giver’s life happier.
B．Meeting the receiver’s practical needs.
C．Shwing ne’s knwledge f the receiver.
D．Building and strengthening scial cnnectins.
4．Which f the fllwing is Human’s advice t givers n gift giving?
A．Chse gifts that express mre f yurself.
B．Be careful nt t signal yur true persnality.
C．Just fcus n yur wn tastes when chsing gifts.
D．Buy smething that fits the receiver’s character mst.
【09】（24-25高三下·浙江杭州·阶段练习）The Age f Infrmatin is mushrming, perhaps even bulging. If yu tried t dwnlad all the data available tday, yu’d need mre than 180 millin years. But yu are wrng t assume all this infrmatin wuld stimulate a bst f innvatin t match the utput f data.
Innvatins, big r small, start with a new idea which ccurs as a mment f insight — the result f a nvel cnnectin in ur brains made between existing and new infrmatin. Studies shw insights invlve quiet signals deep in the brain. Anything that helps us ntice quiet signals, such as taking breaks between meetings, r aviding distractins like scial media, can increase the chance f insights. Hwever, it’s becming mre challenging t find thse quiet signals with the increasing use f technlgy.
Besides, we als want t increase the quality f them — t be able t srt thrugh big new ideas and find the nes that have real value. Launched in 2015, the Eureka Scale (尤里卡量表) allws us t assess the strength f ur insight experiences n a five-pint scale, which is marked by intense emtins, mtivatin, memry advantage, aftershcks, and fllwing ideas. The Scale cmbines these five variables int a single value and allws us t define the imprtance f a new idea. The level-5 insight, invlving the richest emtin, mtivatin, and lasting impact, hlds the greatest significance.
The Eureka Scale has brad applicatins fr measuring and imprving individual and rganizatinal perfrmance, and can be used t measure the impact f different wrk envirnments and learning appraches n participants’ grwth.
In rder fr rganizatins t benefit frm an age f insight, it’s nt enugh t try t access mre data r increase the number f insights we generate. Instead, it’s abut making space fr the biggest ideas t emerge frm all the infrmatin. Using the shared language f the Eureka Scale as a way t measure hw imprtant ideas are will enable better decisin-making tward practical and cmpetitive utcmes. And if we’re t enter a new age f insight, we must design ur envirnments t allw fr the best insight pssible t surface.
1．What des the underlined wrd “bulging” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．Stabilizing.B．Explding.C．Shifting.D．Cllapsing.
2．Accrding t the passage, hw can the pssibility f insights be increased?
A．By engaging in nging scial media interactins.
B．By relying n technlgy t receive regular ntices.
C．By stepping away frm cmputers between meetings.
D．By participating in additinal training and caching sessins.
3．What can be inferred frm the passage?
A．The Eureka Scale cntrls the influence f ur insights.
B．Pssessing minimal emtinal respnses is a level-5 insight.
C．Bth the quantity and quality f insights are essential t innvatin.
D．A breakthrugh has been made in innvatin due t a wealth f infrmatin.
4．What is the authr’s attitude twards the current envirnment fr innvatins?
A．Uncertain.B．Optimistic.
C．Uncncerned.D．Dissatisfied.
【10】（24-25高三下·浙江绍兴·阶段练习）It is cmmn fr us t hear peple saying “t busy”. Smetimes maybe they are really busy, hwever, mre times it’s just because that’s what they think they are suppsed t say. That’s what imprtant peple say. That’s what peple wh get prmted say. But the fact is wrking lng hurs desn’t necessarily mean better results. Never taking a vacatin wn’t lead t a prmtin. S why are we s prud t talk abut hw busy we are all the time?
In 2016, researchers frm Clumbia, Harvard, and Gergetwn cnducted a study t figure it ut. They fund busy peple are perceived t be f high status, and interestingly, these status attributins are heavily influenced by ur wn beliefs abut scial mbility. In ther wrds, the mre we believe that ne has the pprtunity fr success based n hard wrk, the mre we tend t think that peple wh skip leisure and wrk all the time are f higher standing.
That’s why we feel like we have t appear busy, and there’s a real perceptin that if smene is knee-deep in meetings, emails and stress, then they’re prbably a big deal. This culture f busyness is making it hard fr emplyees t find wrk-life balance. Accrding t a recent study, ne in five highly engaged emplyees is at risk f burnut (精疲力竭).
Persnally, I’m ging t stp saying “busy” when peple ask me hw I am. It sunds self-righteus (自以为是的) and sets the wrng tne. Phrases like “I have limited access t email” and “I’ll respnd as sn as I get back” sund like yu’re being held against yur will frm wrking as ppsed t making the mst f yur time ff.
That’s why we recently launched the Out f Office Email Generatr, a free tl yu can use befre yur next lng weekend r trip. Yu can share lud and prud that yu wn’t be checking emails until yu’re back. Managers need t think twice abut emailing their teams n the weekend and talking abut hw busy they are. Leaders shuld take time ff themselves and encurage emplyees t d the same.
1．Why d peple like t say “busy”?
A．They want t get prmted.B．It makes them lk imprtant.
C．They have t much wrk t d.D．They enjy the feeling f being busy.
2．Why d we tend t think that busy peple are f high status?
A．Our status can be attributed t ur scial mbility.
B．We hld the belief that hard wrk leads t success.
C．Our wn pprtunity fr success never cmes easily.
D．We find few peple f high status have time fr leisure.
3．What des “I have limited access t email” sund like accrding t the authr?
A．One is t busy t check all emails in time.B．One is simply enjying their time ff wrk.
C．One has difficulty dealing with the wrk issues.D．One is frced by circumstances t stp wrking.
4．Why did the authr launch the Out f Office Email Generatr?
A．T ensure emplyees and emplyers have time ff.
B．T stp managers talking abut hw busy they are.
C．T encurage emplyees t answer emails prmptly.
D．T enable emplyees t spend less time checking emails.
【11】（24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末）Ta Yuanming and Henry David Threau were bth pets, but ne lived in Ancient China and the ther in 19th century America. Superficially, these tw men, whse lives were separated in time by nearly 1,500 years, were plar ppsites. And yet they shared an intense respect fr nature, which made them each an influential figure f their time.
Bth men made dramatic transfrmatins t their lives in rder t recnnect with nature. As an fficial in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Ta felt cnflicted ver life at curt. In 405, he quit the service f the curt fr gd, expressing his unhappiness in the nw famus line that he wuld nt “bw like a servant in return fr five du f grain”. He spent the next 22 years until his death, wrking the land in a pr, rural area.
While Ta’s return t nature was a reactin t a lifestyle he was ppsed t, Threau’s was a persnal decisin t transfrm the way he lived. He had a decent quality f life, but he wanted t live in a simpler way. Fr tw years, tw mnths and tw days, he lived in a cttage in the frest n the edge f Walden Pnd, fcusing n himself and his writing. He explained his reasn fr ding s in Walden: “I went t the wds because I wished t live deliberately, t frnt nly the essential facts f life.” Bth men were happy t withdraw frm cntemprary life, seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f their lives.
Althugh Ta and Threau d nt treat nature in quite the same way, their wrks shw its beauty and value. Ta’s nature is a place f fields and villages, in ther wrds, rural, and his animals are dmestic nes, such as chickens and dgs. The calm and peaceful life he wrte abut is in cntrast t and critical f the depressive curt life.
Beynd the dark and distance lies a village,
the smke abve reluctant t depart.
A dg is barking smewhere dwn the lane.
and chickens sit atp the mulberry tree.
Threau’s descriptins f nature emphasized the beauty and purity f the wild areas arund him. Devting himself t bservatins f the natural phenmena, he recrded his detailed findings in his jurnals. Threau’s writing aimed t cnvince peple that animals and plants had a right t live and prsper, as we d. We shuld live with them in harmny and enjy nature’s gifts, as he describes in his jurnal:
Live in each seasn as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yurself t the influences f each. Let them be yur nly diet, drink and btanical medicines.
It takes cnsiderable curage t reject the easy and familiar and instead try t live clser t nature, as bth Ta and Threau did. Their chices led them t quiet and reflective lives with fewer material desires.
1．What des the underlined wrds “plar ppsite” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Rather similar.B．Far away frm the plar area.
C．Reasnably familiar.D．Cntrastingly different.
2．What can we learn frm paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Ta’s decisin f returning t nature was a reactin t a lifestyle t which he ppsed, whereas Threau’s was nt.
B．Threau was unhappy with his life at curt, but Ta was nt.
C．Ta sught fr a harmnius relatinship with nature, while Threau did nt.
D．Bth Ta and Threau chse t live in a lakeside cttage in the frest, living in simplicity.
3．Why des the authr qute Threau’s jurnal?
A．T illustrate Threau’s ideal f peple living in harmny with nature.
B．T prve Threau’s lve fr nature and hw he insisted n prtecting it.
C．T shw Threau’s descriptin f nature is beautiful and pure.
D．T suggest that Threau’s understanding f nature was inspired by animals and plants.
4．What is the authr’s attitude twards Ta and Threau’s lifestyle?
A．Dismissive.B．Dubtful.C．SupprtiveD．Pessimistic.
【12】（24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末）Crtisl, widely recgnized as the “stress hrmne (激素)”, plays a key rle in managing stress. The recent discussins in TikTk suggest a misinterpretatin that crtisl imbalances are directly respnsible fr varius health issues, frm lse skin t sleep and digestive prblem. “The relatinship between crtisl and bdy symptms is nt straightfrward.” Experts like Martin Picard frm Clumbia University emphasizes.
Our bdies release crtisl when we encunter a challenge, whether psychlgical r physical, real r imagined. Things like cming acrss a bear n a hike, receiving an annying wrk email r delivering a public speech are the typical cases. Crtisl aids in energy supply and metablism (新陈代谢) cntrl. Its levels vary, peaking in the mrning and reducing by night.
Hwever, lng-term stress can disturb this balance, leading t sustained high crtisl levels. Ptential disadvantages are weakened immune (免疫的) system and high bld sugar, as well as mental illnesses like depressin and PTSD．In extreme cases, t much crtisl prductin may lead t Cushing’s syndrme, characterized by serius physical changes and requiring medical treatment.
Identifying crtisl-related issues requires prfessinal evaluatin, as self-assessment r at-hme testing may nt prvide accurate results due t crtisl’s dynamic nature. Experts suggest cnsulting healthcare prfessinals fr a thrugh check. While there’s n ne-size-fits-all slutin fr managing crtisl levels, research indicates that practices such as yga, mindfulness, and mderate exercise can aid in regulating the bdy’s stress respnse. These activities nt nly help in reducing stress but als in training the bdy t manage its stress respnse mre effectively ver time.
In cnclusin, crtisl plays a key rle in hw ur bdy handles stress and functins verall. Hwever, saying that many health prblems are just due t crtisl imbalances misses the cmplex interactin between hrmnes, stress and health. It’s imprtant t take a hlistic apprach t health, with prfessinal guidance and persnalized stress management strategies.
1．What can we learn abut crtisl?
A．It can directly cause sleep disrder
B．It wn’t influence physical health at all.
C．It has nthing t d with stmach upset.
D．It is ften misunderstd n scial media.
2．What can be inferred frm paragraph 4?
A．Exercise guarantees crtisl decrease.
B．Hme testing f crtisl is nt available.
C．Multiple tests may be required t measure crtisl.
D．Experts dismiss hme activities in stress management.
3．What des the underlined wrd “hlistic” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Medical.B．Physical.C．Immediate.D．Integrated.
4．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．An educatin guide.B．A health magazine.
C．A bk review.D．A scientific paper.
【13】（24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末）There are s many things t keep in rder with yung children during weekdays. It’s all t easy t end up frgetting they need their PE kit n a particular day, r t realize they have n clean schl unifrms r yu’ve missed an email abut a schl trip.
S ne admirably rganized mm, Rachael Hallett, frm Australia, has shared her simple but highly effective slutin t having t prepare their lunchbxes. Her tip recmmends mass cking, just like yu might d with dinners. “Schl lunches can get bring,” she admits. “Yu can ck a lt and freeze many items in advance. Sandwiches, sausage rlls, wraps and s n. These all freeze well.” But she pints ut that any fillings that are water-based, like cucumber r tmat, shuld be avided in case the bread r wraps becme wet.
And Rachael, wh has tw primary schl age children, desn’t stp there with the preparatin. She als makes the decisins easily ver what t give her children daily by drawing up a list f different fds t put in the bxes. She prefers lunchbxes with different parts that wn’t leak and each sectin is used fr varius items such as fruit r snacks. The wise mm smetimes even sends her kids int schl with a fd therms fr warm lunches. “Yu can really send almst anything,” she shares.
But even Rachael has days when she just desn’t have the time r energy t make a meal fr her little nes and she says n these ccasins schl dinners are definitely a suitable alternative. “Plan sme mney fr a lunch rder n yur hardest weekdays. Usually schl dinners aren’t t expensive and taste gd,” she says.
Rachael is a c-funder f the hugely ppular Facebk grup Mms Wh, which has ver a millin members. Lts f ther members f the grup thanked Rachael fr sharing her tips which they intended t put t use in their rutines.
1．What are parents’ weekdays like accrding t the first paragraph?
A．Challenging.B．Bring.C．Amazing.D．Meaningful.
2．What des Rachael suggest n mass cking?
A．Aviding sandwiches.B．Preparing fd with juice.
C．Chsing fd that freezes well.D．Cking ne item at a time.
3．Why des Rachael prbably prefer lunchbxes with different parts?
A．It is easy fr her children t carry.B．It is cnvenient t put different fds in.
C．The lunchbxes lk mre beautiful.D．The lunchbxes are ppular with children.
4．What is the purpse f the Facebk grup Mms Wh?
A．T ffer varius recipes fr cking schl dinners at hme
B．T help mms find affrdable lunchbx ptins fr their kids
C．T allw mms in Australia t discuss schl-related tpics.
D．T prvide a platfrm fr mms t share the tips n their kids’ lunch.
【14】（24-25高二上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Getting int arguments with strangers nline r family members at the dinner table can feel a bit like debating with a brick wall. We are prbably all guilty (有过失的) f feeling like we are right, even if we dn’t have all the facts. This phenmenn is called the “illusin f infrmatin adequacy (IOIA)”.
“Interpersnal cnflict is n the rise, driving increases in anger, anxiety, and general stress, ” says Angus Fletcher, a researcher at the Ohi State University. “We wanted t lk int thse misunderstandings and see hw they culd be reduced. ”
In the study, the team surveyed 1, 261 Americans nline. All the participants read an article abut an imaginary schl with water shrtage. Grup ne read an article that nly gave reasns fr merging (合并) with anther schl that has better water. Grup tw read an article that nly gave reasns fr the schls staying separate and hping fr ther slutins t the prblem. Grup three was the cntrl grup that read bth sets f the arguments.
They fund the majrity f the first tw grups believed they had enugh infrmatin t decide what t d. They said they wuld fllw the recmmendatins in the article they read and thught thers wuld make the same decisin. Abut 55 percent f the cntrl grup recmmended the schls merge.
The team calls this belief IOIA．Fletcher describes it as, “The less ur brain knws, the mre cnfident it is that it knws all it needs t knw. This makes us leap t cnfident cnclusins and decisive judgments, when we miss necessary infrmatin. ”
The team als fund sme were willing t change their minds — nce they had all the facts. Timing als plays a rle. The peple in the study changed their pinins that were recently frmed, nt lng-held beliefs.
Accrding t Fletcher, ne f the best ways t reduce IOIA when disagreeing with smene is t stp and ask, “Is there smething I'm missing that wuld help me understand their psitin better? ” This can help reduce unnecessary interpersnal cnflict.
1．What was the main gal f Fletcher’s research?
A．T find ways t imprve debate skills.
B．T identify types f infrmatin surces.
C．T explain why it is necessary t stick t facts.
D．T explre hw t minimize misunderstandings.
2．Why did participants in Grup ne and tw tend t have IOIA?
A．They held deep-rted beliefs.
B．They received a lt f false infrmatin.
C．They were expsed t ne-sided arguments.
D．They were wrried abut the schl’s situatin.
3．What des Fletcher suggest t fight IOIA?
A．Establishing interpersnal bnds.
B．Seeking t bridge the infrmatin gap.
C．Encuraging thers t see the big picture.
D．Stressing the weaknesses in thers’ psitins.
4．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Why D Peple Insist They Are Crrect?
B．Des Interpersnal Cnflict Lead t Stress?
C．Can Cnversatins Affect What We Believe?
D．What Cntributes t Sensible Decisin-making?
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2025
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