2026年高考英语（外研版）一轮复习配套课件 必修第一册 Unit 4　Friends forever

Unit 4　Friends forever必修第一册单元词句识记内容 索 引单元默写检测核心知识突破关键能力考查写作素养培优课时作业单 元 词 句 识 记Ⅰ.阅读单词1.forever adv.　　　永远2.click v.点击(鼠标)3.wi-fi n.无线网络,无线上网4.digital adj.数字的,数码的5.site n.网站6.bathwater n.浴水,洗澡水7.goods n.商品8.diagram n.图解,示意图9.teenager n.青少年,十几岁的孩子(13到19岁之间的孩子)10.pot n.锅11.gram n.克12.slice n.片,薄片13.scar n.伤疤14.dine v.进餐15.destiny n.命运,天命16.excerpt n.摘录,节录17.cigar n.雪茄烟Ⅱ.核心单词1.maintain our friendship 　　维持我们的友谊2.the unusual achievements 不平常的成就 3.a Chinese saying 一句中国谚语4.acquire many life skills 获得许多生活技能5.boost working quality 提高工作质量6.postpone the meeting 推迟会议7.an ordinary girl 一个普通的女孩8.drag her legs 拖着她的双腿9.a suitable Chinese partner 合适的中国伙伴10.the familiar scene 熟悉的情景11.a strong personality 个性很强12.a strong learning atmosphere浓厚的学习氛围Ⅲ.一词多义1.update n.最新消息 vt.使现代化;更新;向……提供最新信息①update our software 更新我们的软件②update them on the developments向他们提供最新的发展信息③a news update 最新新闻报道2.pour v.灌,注,倒;(雨)倾盆而下;不断涌向(或涌现)①pour a cup of tea 倒一杯茶②pour with rain 雨倾盆而下③pour out of the station 涌出车站3.pack n.小盒,小包 v.包装;装(箱)①a pack of cigarettes 一包香烟②pack my luggage 打包我的行李4.strike v.划(火柴);撞击;(灾难、疾病等)袭击;使突然想起;打动;报时 n.罢工①strike a match 划一根火柴②be struck by a car 被车撞了③strike the city 袭击这个城市④An idea struck me.我突然想起一个主意。⑤strike me deeply 深深地打动我⑥The clock struck 10.时钟敲过10点。⑦on strike 罢工5.plain adj.简单的,朴素的;坦诚的;直率的;直接的①a plain but elegant dress 朴素淡雅的连衣裙②some plain answers 一些坦率的回答Ⅳ.派生单词1.familiar adj.　　　熟悉的familiarity n.熟悉2.adventure n.历险(经历),奇遇adventurous adj.爱冒险的,大胆的3.prefer v.更喜欢;选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)preference n.偏爱;喜爱4.deliver v.递送,传送;发表(演说等);接生delivery n.传递,递送5.advance n.进步,进展;前进;增长adj.预先的,在前的v.前进;进展;促进;推动;提前advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的6.significantly adv.重大地,显著地significant adj.重大的;显著的significance n.意义;重要性7.enable v.使可能,使发生able adj.能干的;有能力的ability n.能力unable adj.不能的;没有能力的8.tend v.易于做某事,往往会发生某事;照看;照管tendency n.趋势,趋向9.criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯罪的crime n.犯罪;罪行10.prove v.证明,证实proof n.证明,证据11.illustrate v.(举例)说明,阐明illustration n.说明;例证;图解12.inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的,启发灵感的inspire v.激发;鼓舞;启示inspired adj.有灵感的inspiration n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人或事13.comfort n.& v.安慰,慰藉comfortable adj.舒适的,舒服的14.patience n.耐心patient adj.有耐心的 n.病人patiently adv.耐心地impatient adj.不耐烦的;没有耐心的impatience n.不耐烦15.passion n.强烈的情感,激情passionate adj.热诚的;狂热的16.generosity n.慷慨,大方generous adj.慷慨的,大方的generously adv.慷慨地,大方地17.humour n.幽默感humorous adj.幽默的18.anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的anxiously adv.焦虑地,不安地anxiety n.焦虑;担心;渴望19.distance v.使与……保持距离,与……疏远,撇清和……的关系 n.距离;远处;冷淡distant adj.遥远的;冷淡的;疏远的20.fortune n.大笔的钱,巨款;运气fortunate adj.幸运的,交好运的;吉利的unfortunate adj.不幸的fortunately adv.幸运地unfortunately adv.不幸地21.correspond v.通信;相一致;符合;相当于correspondence n.来往信件;通信联系22.appointed adj.约定的,指定的appoint v.安排,确定;任命;委任appointment n.约会;任命;约定23.bitterly adv.痛苦地,愤恨地bitter adj.苦的;愤愤不平的bitterness n.苦难;苦味24.ashamed adj.感到不好意思的,难为情的shame n.羞耻;羞愧shameful adj.可耻的;丢脸的;不体面的shameless adj.无耻的;不要脸的25.unfold v.(卷着的东西)展开,打开fold v.折叠;合拢26.location n.地点,位置locate v.位于,确定……的位置located adj.位于27.surroundings n.周围的事物,环境surround v.包围surrounding adj.周围的Ⅴ.短语词块1.stay in touch with 　与……保持联系2.lose track of 不了解……的情况,不了解……的动态3.connect...with... 将……与……联系起来4.keep...in mind 记住……5.tend to 倾向于;往往会6.long for 渴望7.come up with 提出;想出8.be set in 以……为背景9.ought to 应该,应当10.turn up (意外地或终于)出现,露面;卷起;开大(音量)11.thanks to 多亏……,归功于……12.be up to 忙于;从事;由……决定13.throw the baby out with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃14.make one’s fortune 发财Ⅵ.教材佳句1.Whatever our hobbies,the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them,even if they live on the other side of the world.(whatever引导让步状语从句)不管我们的爱好是什么,互联网可以将我们与同样喜欢做这些事情的其他人联系起来,即使他们住在世界的另一端。2.But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person. (what引导主语从句)但是我们要牢记:我们在社交媒体上看到的信息往往不是一个人的全部真实情况。3.This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice.(make+it+adj./n.+that从句)这让对方明白你是在给他们一个选择。4.We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made,whatever they were going to be. (have+宾语+宾语补足语)我们认为,二十年后,我们每个人都应该确定了自己的命运,创造了自己的财富,无论它们将会是什么。5.Thanks to advances in technology,how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. (科技进步)得益于技术的进步,我们结交朋友、与朋友沟通的方式已经有了明显的改变。▶构词法日积月累单 元 默 写 检 测Step One　写一写Ⅰ.阅读单词1.love you forever 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　爱你 2.click the mouse 　　　　　　　　　鼠标 3.the digital age 　　　　　　　　　时代 4.share information on sites 在　　　　　　　　上分享信息 5.deliver goods 运送　　　　　　　　　　　 6.an energetic teenager一个精力充沛的　　　　　　 永远地点击数字网站商品少年7.weigh about 400 grams 重约400　　　　　　　　 8.a slice of bread 一　　　　　　　　　　面包 9.a scar on his cheek 他脸颊上的　　　　　　　　 10.change the destiny 改变　　　　　　　　　　　 11.an excerpt from the novel 小说　　　　　　　　　 克片伤疤命运摘录Ⅱ.核心单词1.　　　　　　 v.保持,维持 2.　　　　　　 n.格言,谚语,警句 3.　　　　　　 v.获得,得到 4.　　　　　　 n.素质,品德 5.　　　　　　 v.使(事件、行动等)延期,推迟 6.　　　　　　 v.拖,拉 7.　　　　　　 n.场景 8.　　　　　　 n.气氛,氛围,环境 maintainsayingacquirequalitypostponedragsceneatmosphereⅢ.派生单词1.　　　　　 n.历险(经历),奇遇→　　　　　　adj.爱冒险的,大胆的 2.　　　　　　 v.更喜欢;选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→ _____________ n.偏爱;喜爱 3.　　　　　　 v.递送,传送;发表(演说等);接生→　　　　　　n.传递,递送 4.　　　　　　 n.进步,进展;前进;增长 adj.预先的,在前的 v.前进;进展;促进;推动;提前→　　　　　　 adj.高级的;高等的;先进的 adventureadventurous preferpreferencedeliverdelivery advanceadvanced5.　　　　　　adj.重大的;显著的→　　　　　　　　adv.重大地,显著地→　　　　　 n.意义;重要性 6.　　　　　　 v.易于做某事,往往会发生某事;照看;照管→_________ n.趋势,趋向 7.　　　　　　 n.犯罪;罪行→　　　　　　n.罪犯 adj.犯罪的 8.　　　　　　 v.证明,证实→　　　　　　 n.证明,证据 9.　　　　　　 v.激发;鼓舞;启示→　　　　　　　　adj.有灵感的→___________adj.鼓舞人心的,启发灵感的→　　　　　　 n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人或事 significantsignificantlysignificancetendtendencycrimecriminal proveproofinspireinspiredinspiringinspiration10.　　　　　　n.& v.安慰,慰藉→　　　　　　　adj.舒适的,舒服的11.　　　　　　 adj.有耐心的 n.病人→　　　　　　adv.耐心地→_____________n.耐心→　　　　　　　　 adj.不耐烦的;没有耐心的→　　　　　　n.不耐烦12.　　　　　 n.强烈的情感,激情→　　　　　 adj.热诚的;狂热的 13.　　　　　　adj.慷慨的,大方的→　　　　　　 adv.慷慨地,大方地→　　　　　　 n.慷慨,大方comfortcomfortablepatientpatientlypatienceimpatientimpatiencepassionpassionategenerousgenerouslygenerosity14.　　　　　　　 n.幽默感→　　　　　　　 adj.幽默的 15.　　　　　　 adj.焦虑的;不安的→　　　　　　　　adv.焦虑地,不安地→　　　　　　 n.焦虑;担心;渴望 16.　　　　　　 adj.遥远的;冷淡的;疏远的→　　　　　　 v.使与……保持距离,与……疏远,撇清和……的关系 n.距离;远处;冷淡 17.　　　　　　 n.大笔的钱,巨款;运气→　　　　　　adj.幸运的;交好运的;吉利的→　　　　　　 adv.幸运地 humourhumorousanxiousanxiouslyanxietydistantdistancefortunefortunatefortunately18.　　　　　　 v.安排,确定;任命;委任→ 　　　　　　 adj.约定的,指定的→ 　　　　　　 n.约会;任命;约定 19.　　　　　　 n.羞耻;羞愧→　　　　　　 adj.感到不好意思的,难为情的→　　　　　　 adj.可耻的;丢脸的;不体面的→___________ adj.无耻的;不要脸的 20.　　　　　　　 v.包围→　　　　　　adj.周围的→____________ n.周围的事物,环境 appointappointedappointmentshameashamedshamefulshamelesssurroundsurroundingsurroundingsⅣ.短语互译1.　　　　　　　　 不了解……的情况,不了解……的动态 2.　　　　　　　　 倾向于;往往会 3.　　　　　　　　 渴望 4.　　　　　　　　 记住…… 5.　　　　　　　　 以……为背景 lose track oftend tolong forkeep...in mindbe set in6.throw the baby out with the bathwater　　　　　　　　 7.make one’s fortune 　　　　　　　 8.turn up 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 9.stay in touch with 　　　　　　　 10.come up with 　　　　　　　 不分良莠一起抛弃发财(意外地或终于)出现,露面;卷起;开大(音量)与……保持联系提出;想出Ⅴ.句式仿写1.句型公式:whatever引导让步状语从句 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, Mother always stays positive and encourages us to overcome them.(亲子关系)不管我们遇到什么困难,妈妈总是积极乐观,并鼓励我们克服困难。2.句型公式:what引导主语从句 　　　　　　　　 is whether you’re pursuing something that brings you joy. 重要的是你是否在追求能给你带来快乐的东西。Whatever difficulties we meetWhat matters3.句型公式:make+it+ adj./n.+ that从句We should _________________________________________________ turns off the lights. 我们应该养成习惯,最后一个离开教室的人要关灯。4.句型公式:have+宾语+宾语补足语To their relief,under the guidance of the ather,___________________________________________________. (亲子关系)　使他们如释重负的是,在父亲的指导下,他们成功地准备好了早饭。make it a habit that the last person to leave the classroom they successfully had breakfast preparedStep Two　练一练Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1.As a matter of fact,the two countries have always m_____________ close relations these years. 2.It goes without doubt that only by a　　　　　　as much advanced knowledge as possible can we shoulder more responsibilities.3.It was an unpopular decision to p　　　　　　 building the new hospital. aintainedcquiringostpone4.He struggled to his feet and d　　　　　　himself towards the finishing line.5.Someone’s q　　　　 are the good characteristics that they have which are part of their nature.  raggedualitiesⅡ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1.When employing workers,the company 　　　　those who have experience,and thus gives 　　　　　to the experienced interviewees. (prefer) 2.The old father,who was 　　　　　　about his son’s safe return, waited at the exit of the station with 　　　　　,twisting his hands 　　　　　　. (anxious)preferspreferenceanxiousanxietyanxiously3.He wanted to make a 　　　　in a big city and 　　　　　he got lots of help from strangers.So he was 　　　　　to get a good job. (fortune) 4.Li Hua has been 　　　　　　as chairman of the Students’ Council and I will write a letter to congratulate him on his 　　　　　　. (appoint) 5.It is recognised that 　　　　　　productivity will 　　　　　　the progress of society.(advance) fortunefortunatelyfortunateappointedappointmentadvancedadvance6.It is 　　　　　　of you to lend me the money and I’m appreciative of your 　　　　　　. (generous) 7.I feel 　　　　　　of my 　　　　　　action,which is a __________ to me.(shame) 8.As a 　　　　　　and determined teenager,he can do what he desires with 　　　　　　.(patient) 9.The results of the experiment are not statistically 　　　　　　but the discovery from it is of great 　　　　　　.(significant) generousgenerosityashamedshamefulshamepatientpatiencesignificantsignificanceⅢ.短语填空make their fortunes1.Nowadays, most young people tend to go to big cities to 　　　　　　　　　. 2.The famous writer as well as his wife and daughter is said to attend our party, but so far they haven’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　. turned up3.She was fortunate to have been chosen to star in the film which _____________________the remote mountain village. 4.I 　　　　　　　　you after we graduated from school,but I always heard about you. 5.Our attitude to foreign culture is that we shouldn’t _______________________________________. was set inlost track ofthrow the baby out with the bathwaterⅣ.串记练习阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Friendship proves to be an important part of human life. Friendship 1.　　　　　　(contain) encouragement and comfort, friendship reflects generosity and passion,and friendship helps to relieve 2.　　　　　　 (anxious) and bitterness.In our life,thanks to our staunch friends,we can make advances and eventually acquirecontainsanxietygreat success.3.　　　　　　 (have) similar personalities,we also prefer 4.　　　　　　　(take) adventures together,5.　　　　　　 in turn strengthens our friendship.And whatever happens,our friends’ inspiring words enable us to advance towards 6.　　　　　　　　(we) goals.It is with the development of digital technology and social media 7.　　　　　　 we don’t need to worry about losing track of our friends’ updates.Currently we tend to correspond 8.________________Havingtaking/to takewhichourthatwitheach other by WeChat through wi-fi.But to improve the quality of friendship,we also have to pour in a few 9.　　　　　　(gram) of “smiles”,add a pack of “similar interests”,and finally put in a slice of “humour”.To maintain our friendship,we also ought to be 10.________ (patience). gramspatient核 心 知 识 突 破No.1 热考词汇No.3 写作迁移No.2 熟词生义/一词多义1.prefer v.(preferred, preferred, preferring)更喜欢;选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→preference n.喜爱;偏爱佳句背诵　Just as the survey shows,most students prefer to listen to English songs and watch English movies,accounting for 65% and 5% respectively.(英语学习,2022·全国乙卷)正如调查显示的那样,大多数学生更喜欢听英语歌曲和看英语电影,分别占到65%和5%。prefer doing/to do sth 更喜欢做某事prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢Aprefer doing A to doing B=prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做Bhave/show a preference for 对……偏爱以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作①Among all the subjects,I actually have a 　　　　　　(prefer) for English while my partner prefers chemistry 　　　　　　biology. ②David muttered to himself in a sad voice,“_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.”(语言描写,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)  大卫悲伤地小声嘀咕道:“我宁愿放弃越野跑,也不愿被其他孩子嘲笑。”preferencetoI prefer giving up thecross-country run to being laughed at by other kids/I prefer to give up the cross-country run rather than be laughed at by other kids2.advance n.进步,进展;前进;增长 adj.预先的,在前的 v.前进;进展;促进;推动;提前→advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的佳句背诵 You’d better learn more about the history of Chinese modern drama in advance,which will give you more background information.(建议信)你最好提前多了解中国现代戏剧史,这会给你更多的背景信息。in advance=ahead of time 提前,预先in advance of 在……前面;超过make advances 取得进步advance on/upon/towards 朝……前进以练促学 猜测词义/单句语法填空①We can, instead, use this idea to advance scientific knowledge. (2024·北京卷)  ②Compared with the developments of AI, (advance) in ALife are harder to recognize.(2023·北京卷) ③Currently, (advance) new energy vehicles have entered our lives,helping reduce air pollution.(2024·全国甲卷) v.促进;推动advancesadvanced3.tend v.易于做某事,往往会发生某事;照看;照管→tendency n.趋向,趋势佳句背诵 Undoubtedly,opportunities and success tend to favour those who are ready.(主旨升华)毋庸置疑,机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。tend to do sth 易于/往往会做某事tend (to) sb/sth 照顾(照看)某人/某物have a tendency to do sth倾向于做某事;喜欢做某事以练促学 单句写作①As a Senior 3 student,it is normal that you__________________________________with important examinations drawing near.(慰问信)作为一名高三学生,随着重要考试的临近,你会感到焦虑,这是很正常的。②I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who  in the hospital.(感谢信)我写信是为了向在医院里照顾我妈妈的王女士表示真诚的感谢。have a tendency to/tend to get anxioustended (to) my mother佳句背诵 He was anxious about the results as if he had been on pins and needles.(情绪描写) 他焦虑地等待着结果,如坐针毡。Seeing him standing there with anxiety/anxiously I felt sad,deciding to talk something with him.(心理描写,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)看到他焦虑地站在那里,我感到难过,决定和他说点什么。4.anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的;渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地,不安地;渴望地→anxietyn.焦虑;担心;渴望be anxious for sb/about sth 为某人/某事忧虑be anxious to do/that... 渴望做……with anxiety=anxiously 焦虑地以练促学 单句写作/完成语段①I attempted to distribute food to the homeless people,but I was all thumbs.I .(情绪描写,2022·浙江6月卷) 我尝试向无家可归的人分发食物,但我笨手笨脚的。我不安地皱了皱眉。frowned anxiously/with anxiety②David the cross-country run.But he was scared of being laughed at by others._______________________________________________________.(情绪描写,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)大卫渴望参加越野赛,但是他害怕别人嘲笑他,他是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。was anxious to participate inSo anxious was he thattears of anxiety rolled down his cheeksAfter days of being lost in the wild, they were extremely anxious.Tom tended to give up hope, but his wife still preferred to keep moving.With determination, they advanced step by step.Finally, their perseverance paid off and they were rescued, relief washing over their exhausted faces.5.fortune n.大笔的钱,巨款;运气(luck);命运→fortunate adj.运气好的;幸运的→unfortunate adj.不幸的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地佳句背诵　In China,children are given lucky money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year.(传统文化)在中国,孩子们会收到装在红包里的压岁钱,以祈求在新年带来好运。His heart lit up with joy since he had the good fortune to work with some brilliant partners.他心里乐开了花,因为他有幸与一些卓越的伙伴共事。(心理描写)try/seek one’s fortune 找出路;碰碰运气have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事be fortunate to do sth/in doing sth 有幸做某事以练促学　单句写作/完成语段①If I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the chance to organize the event,  I will make an effort to live up to your expectations.(申请信)如果我有幸获得组织这次活动的机会,我会努力不辜负您的期望。am fortunate enough to gain/in gaining②He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in a big city two months ago,and 　　　　　　,he failed to 　　　　　　　　.The moment he saw me, tears of helplessness rolling down his face,he rested his head on my shoulder,sobbing out the story of 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 两个月前他到一个大城市去碰运气,不幸的是他没能发财。他一看见我,就把头靠在我的肩上,无助的泪水从他的脸上滑落,哭诉着他不幸的遭遇。sought/tried his fortuneunfortunatelymake a fortunehis unfortunate experience6.appointed adj.约定的,指定的(assigned)→appoint v.任命;委任;安排(arrange),确定→appointment n.任命;约定;约会佳句背诵　I am busy preparing for my final exam, which is vital to me, so I cannot meet you at the appointed time.(道歉信)我正忙着准备期末考试,这对我很重要,所以我不能如时与你赴约了。appoint sb (as/to be)... 任命某人(为)……appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事make an appointment with sb 与某人做约定keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约[点拨]　“appoint sb (as/to be)+职位或头衔”时,表示职位或头衔的词前无冠词。以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作①I have something urgent to handle and therefore, I have to cancel the 　　　　　　　　 (appoint) with you,and I will appoint my brother 　　　　　　(meet) you at the airport. ②Learning that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the Student Association,I sincerely congratulate you.(祝贺信)得知你已被任命为学生会主席,我真诚地祝贺你。appointmentto meetyou have been appointed (as/to be) chairman of③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I am terribly  sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(道歉信)由于已经和牙医预约,我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。Having made/had an appointment with the dentist7.ashamed adj.感到不好意思的,难为情的,感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n.羞耻;羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的;丢脸的;不体面的→shameless adj.无耻的,不要脸的佳句背诵　Tom felt ashamed and rushed out of the school with lots of anger.(情绪+动作描写)汤姆感到羞愧,怒气冲冲地冲出了学校。We are often ashamed of our shortcomings,our mistakes and our failures.我们常常为自己的缺点、失误和失败感到难为情。be ashamed of sb/sth 为某人/某事感到羞愧be ashamed to do... 耻于做……;因做……而羞愧It’s a shame/pity that... ……是令人遗憾的事以练促学　完成语段/句式升级①　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that I lied to her.In other words,_________________________________________________________.(心理描写) 我很惭愧地说我对她撒谎了。换句话说,我为自己的可耻行为感到羞愧,这对我来说是一种耻辱。②I was so ashamed that I felt as if my heart had been pierced by a knife,tears clouding my eyes.(情绪描写)→　　　　　　　　　　　　 I felt as if my heart had been pierced by a knife,tears clouding my eyes.(so...that...句型的倒装形式) I’m ashamed to sayI am/feel ashamed of my shameful behaviour,which is a shame to meSo ashamed was I that8.turn up(意外地或终于)出现,露面;卷起;开大(音量)佳句背诵　Suddenly a tall figure dressed in a dark coat turned up before him.(外貌描写)突然一个穿着黑色外套的高大身影出现在他面前。turn down 　　拒绝;调小(音量)turn out 结果是;生产;制造turn to 求助于;转向turn in 上交turn on 打开turn off 关掉[联想]　“出现,到场”的表达还有:show up、be present at等。以练促学　单句语法填空/同义替换/单句写作①Whenever I have difficulties in my English study, you are the one that I will turn 　　　 first.②All the candidates must turn 　　the application forms and relevant materials before the deadline. ③I had to decline your invitation to the party last weekend,because I was too busy.　　　　　　　 ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 gave me more pleasure.(主旨升华) 事实证明,帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。tointurn downIt turns out that helping others realize their dreamsI’m really sorry for not showing up at the appointed time for our meeting.I feel deeply ashamed of my irresponsible behavior.I know it caused you inconvenience. Fortunately, I have a chance to explain.I sincerely hope you can forgive me.I promise it won’t happen again and I’ll turn up on time next time.1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Last October, while tending her garden, she pulled out a handful of small carrots. 　　　　　　　 ②The fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly,which was a splendid scene.　　　　　　　 ③When he retired, he tried to distance himself from politics.　　　　　　　 v.照管v.不断涌流v.与……疏远2.选出deliver的汉语意思A.v.递送　B.v.接生　C.v.发表(演说等)B①They rushed her to hospital where doctors delivered her baby. 　　　 ②As a student representative,I am greatly honored to deliver a speech here.　　　 ③The express company will get all these goods delivered to the customers today.　　　 CA3.选出strike的汉语意思A.n.罢工　B.v.(时钟等)敲响　C.v.打动　D.v.击打B①I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning. 　　　 ②It gave me a shock when an apple fell off the tree and struck me on the head.　　　 ③The miners went on strike,demanding higher pay and better working conditions.　　　 ④I was struck by his inspiring words,and I decided to cooperate with him.　　　 DAC句型公式:make+it+adj./n.+that从句课本原句:This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice. 这让对方明白你是在给他们一个选择。佳句背诵　To improve your writing,you’d better make it a rule to keep a diary every day. (建议信)为了提高你的写作水平,你最好把每天写日记当成习惯。该句型中it作形式宾语,而真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。(1)it作形式宾语的句型:·make+it+adj./n.+(for sb) to do sth·make+it+adj./n.+that从句·make+it+no good/no use/no value, etc.+doing sth(2)与make用法相同的其他动词:think/consider/find/feel/believe等。以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作/句式升级①He is stubborn, which makes it no use 　　　　　　　　(quarrel) with him about it. ②I________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,from whom we can benefit a lot.(人物介绍,2023·全国甲卷)  我认为对我们来说,了解有影响的历史人物是很重要的,我们可以从他们身上受益很多。quarrelling think/consider it important for us that we should learn about influential historical figures/to learn about influential historical figures③We make it a rule to go to the English Corner to practice English every afternoon.→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to practice  English every afternoon.(make it+n.+that从句)make it a rule that we go to the English Corner关 键 能 力 考 查维度一　核心知识运用1.Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,the national parks,in particular,tend 　　　　　　(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.(2024·全国甲卷) 2.I turned up at the 　　　　　　(appoint) hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest had arrived and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.(2023·北京卷) to catchappointed3.Unsurprisingly, these new concepts inspire us 　　　　　　(build) new models of the universe. (2024·北京卷) 4.As an artist who shares her journey on social media,I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey._______________ (fortunate),there is no magic list I can offer.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 5.When we experience something outside of our comfort zone,we get _____________ (patient) about the circumstances.(2023·全国甲卷) to buildUnfortunatelyimpatient6.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils, instead preferring 　　　　　　　　　 (use) their hands.(2022·全国甲卷)7.It 　　　　　　(strike) me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team. 8.I am ashamed 　　　　　　(admit) that I have never read the series of Harry Potter. 9.I was told the Learning Centre provides help for students and I’m anxious 　　　　　 (get) help from it.to use/usingstruckto admitto get10.My money is running out,so I have no choice but to postpone ________________ (buy) the 　　　　　　(advance) facilities. buyingadvanced维度二　单句写作1.I could feel myself growing stronger and more confident, and 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　,I would be ready to face. (whatever引导让步状语从句)我能感觉到自己变得越来越坚强,越来越自信,无论前方有什么障碍,我都准备好面对。whatever obstacles lay ahead2.　　　　　　　　　　　 made me feel so relaxed and reassured. (what引导主语从句) 他所做的一切让我感到非常放松和放心。3.For another, this is also a golden chance for you to make friends with people 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　. (定语从句)另一方面,这也是你与来自不同背景的人交朋友的黄金机会。What he was doingwho come from diverse backgrounds4.On arriving at a farm, she noticed the vast land of wheat spreading over the horizon 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (定语从句) 一到一个农场,她就注意到地平线上延伸出大片的麦田,本身就是一道壮丽的景色。5.The art exhibition, 　　　　　　　 “The infinite charm of Chinese culture”, will be held in our lecture hall next week.(定语从句)以“中华文化的无限魅力”为主题的艺术展将于下周在我们的报告厅举行。that made a splendid view itselfwhose theme is维度三　单元知识拾遗1.　　　　　　　　 of my grandma’s cooking always brings back memories.It’s significant as it 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,  I understand the value of family.Every detail is familiar and holds a special place in my heart.The familiar smellenables me to feel her loveSurrounded by these warm recollections奶奶做的菜熟悉的味道总能勾起我的回忆。这很重要,因为它能让我感受到她的爱。被这些温馨的回忆围绕着,我明白了家庭的价值。每一个细节都很熟悉,在我心里都占有特殊的位置。写 作 素 养 培 优Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(演讲稿——交友)你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Friendship为题写一篇演讲稿参赛,内容包括:(1)友谊的重要性;(2)如何交友。　根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达①俗话说:“友谊就像阳光。它让我们保持温暖,帮助我们成长。”(saying)　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 As the saying goes,“Friendship is like sunshine.It keeps us warm and helps us grow.”②一些学生担心他们应该和什么样的人交朋友。 (anxious,宾语从句,ought to)　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ③至于我,我更喜欢选择善良、诚实、有耐心和乐于助人的人作为我的朋友。(prefer,定语从句,patient)　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Some students are anxious about what kind of people they ought to make friends with.As for me,I prefer to choose people who are kind,honest,patient and helpful as my friends.④每当我遇到麻烦时,我往往与他们分享我的想法和恐惧。 (tend to)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ⑤由于社交媒体的便利,我可以随时与朋友保持联系。(thanks to, social media, stay in touch with)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I tend to share my thoughts and fears with them whenever I get into trouble.Thanks to the convenience of the social media,I can stay in touch with my friends all the time.⑥只有这样我才能维持友谊。 (倒装, maintain)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Only in this way am I able to maintain friendships.第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)Dear friends,As the saying goes,“Friendship is like sunshine.It keeps us warm and helps us grow.”However,some students are anxious about what kind of people they ought to make friends with.As for me,I prefer to choose people who are kind,honest,patient and helpful as my friends.More often than not,I tend to share my thoughts and fears with them whenever I get into trouble.Thanks to the convenience of the social media,I can stay in touch with my friends all the time.Only in this way am I able to maintain friendships.Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升1.续写语料积累2.场景片段训练(与朋友在公园野餐:高兴场面→经历难忘)①___________________________________________________________________________(无灵主语句).To start with,we had a picnic in the park,pouring out humorous stories and grinning from ear to ear.Afterward,we played a fun and competitive game of football, ②__________________________(动词-ing形式作状语).I was wild with joy at the sight of everyone’s enjoying the moment of get-together to their heart’s content.With the sun beginning The thought of last weekend’s activity shared with my friends filled me with great joybathing us in extreme joyto set,we decided to hold a barbecue party.③_____________________________________________(with复合结构),we were grilling food and enjoying burgers and hotdogs.Then,we rose to our feet,advanced towards the grassland and began to sing and dance to the music.We were pleased beyond description.④______________________________________________________________(倒装句). With a bright smilespreading across our facesSo delighted were we that wewould never forget this experience一想到上周末与朋友们分享的活动,我就满是喜悦。首先,我们在公园野餐,滔滔不绝地讲着幽默的故事,笑得合不拢嘴。之后,我们进行了一场有趣且有竞争力的足球比赛,让我们沉浸在极度的喜悦中。看到大家尽情地享受欢聚的时刻,我欣喜若狂。随着太阳开始下山,我们决定举行一次烧烤聚会。我们脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容,烤着食物,享用着汉堡和热狗。然后,我们站起来,向草地走去,开始随着音乐唱歌跳舞。我们高兴得无法形容。 我们如此高兴,以至于我们永远不会忘记这次经历。课 时 作 业Ⅰ.阅读理解It was a cold May morning when I received an email from an old friend inviting me to join a 10-day all-girls surf trip.I knew I had to say yes.The trip seemed simple enough.10 women aged 30 to 45,all complete strangers,were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new:surfing in the Atlantic Ocean.I have always loved traveling,so I eagerly sent an email to my boss asking for time off to make the trip.If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years,it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before.It seems like we pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into,knowing more about less.Now,in theory,this is a great strategy,as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing,but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira.Despite our different personalities and backgrounds,we were all united in a strong desire to challenge ourselves,learn,tackle problems and grow.The shores at Ericeira,where the beginners learn to surf,are shallow and covered with slippery rocks.They make for softer waves but are difficult to ride.Guided by our amazing coaches,together,we faced the waves.Sometimes,it poured with rain,and the waves crashed around us,but we were still out there.And with every slip and fall,words of encouragement filled the air.Honestly,I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone,but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked.Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new,and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.While surfing might not be my lifelong passion,trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life.You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者的冲浪之旅。1.What inspired the author to join the surf trip?A.Her love for seashore surfing.B.Her desire to make new friends.C.Her need to take a break from work.D.Her passion for exploring something new.解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“10 women aged 30 to 45,all complete strangers,were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new”可知,激发作者去参加冲浪旅行的动机是她想要去尝试一些新鲜的事物,故D项正确。√2.What does the author think of adults’ focusing on mastering one field?A.It hurts one’s pride.B.It narrows one’s potential.C.It promotes one’s career success.D.It broadens one’s view of the world.解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“it allows you to become...leaving some skills lacking”可知,专注于掌握一个领域会让你留下一些技能的缺失。由此可知,成年人专注于掌握一个领域会限制自己的潜力,故B项正确。√3.Which words can best describe the author’s surfing experience?A.Relaxing but dangerous.B.Tough and uninteresting.C.Challenging but rewarding.D.Surprising and unforgettable.解析　推理判断题。根据第四、五段可知,这次旅行富有挑战性;根据最后一段可以看出,这次旅行让作者很有收获,很值得。故选C。√4.What can be inferred about the author?A.She used to lack confidence in herself.B.She determined to become an expert surfer.C.She discovered her lifelong passion after the trip.D.She was more willing to try new experiences in life.解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“trying it out inspired me to...you don’t go out there and try”可知,尝试冲浪激发了作者在生活中承担更多的风险。如果你不去尝试,你永远不知道你能做什么。由此可以推断,作者更愿意尝试新的生活体验。故D项正确。√As the clocks strike midnight one by one on New Year’s Eve, one song will ring out more than any other from the world’s crowds — “Auld Lang Syne”, the Scots-language ode (颂歌) to friendship and good times past, which was first set to paper by the Scottish poet Robert Burns, though he claimed he was not its original author, only a documentarian of one part of an old oral folk tradition. According to historian Dr. Morag Grant, the concept of “auld lang syne” was once a Jacobite tradition.Burns’ version quickly became popular in Scotland after it was published in 1799, and thanks to that Scottish diaspora—which carried its folk traditions to places like the States, Canada and New Zealand — snatches (音乐片段) of “Auld Lang Syne” are productive throughout history.It was in 19th-century England that the New Year’s Eve tradition emerged. At St Paul’s in London, Scotts who went abroad would gather together and belt out the words to “Auld Lang Syne”. “To miss it in the eyes of some Scots would amount to little less than a crime,” the Edinburgh Evening Courant wrote at the time.An increasingly connected world helped to promote the song’s spread. The inventor of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell, sang it down the mouthpiece to demonstrate the new telecommunications equipment. Later, another scientist called Emile Berliner chose it as one of the first songs to be recorded on the gramophone. In 1929, the bandleader Guy Lombardo began the tradition of playing “Auld Lang Syne” from Times Square, first on radio and then on television.From its folkloric beginnings, “Auld Lang Syne” has travelled far, shapeshifting and acquiring new meaning as it passes between people and cultures. Today, it symbolises friendship and fond memory for communities across the globe, and it becomes the second most sung song in the English language, beaten only by “Happy Birthday”. It’s quite a success for a poem written in a Scottish minority language.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《友谊地久天长》流传甚广。这首歌起源于口头的苏格兰民间音乐。苏格兰人定居到世界各地,从而把这首歌带往各个国家。后来新发明加速了歌曲的传播。5.What might be the origin of the song?A.A Jacobite concept.B.Oral Scott folk music.C.A poem by Robert Burns.D.Works of Dr. Morag Grant.解析　推理判断题。由文章第一段中“though he claimed he was...of one part of an old oral folk tradition.”可知,这首歌起源于口头苏格兰民间音乐。故选B。√6.What does the underlined word “diaspora” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Folk tradition.B.Famous poets.C.Settling abroad.D.Singing fever.解析　词义猜测题。由文章第二段中画线词后面的“which carried its folk traditions to places like the States, Canada and New Zealand”可知,苏格兰人定居到世界各地,从而把民间传统带往各个国家。所以 “diaspora”意思是“定居国外”。故选C。√7.What sped up the song spread?A.The Scotts’ living style.B.The excellent performance of a band.C.World connection via new inventions.D.New Year’s Eve tradition in England.解析　推理判断题。由文章第四段“An increasingly connected world helped to...on radio and then on television.”可知,新发明连接世界从而加速了歌曲的传播。故选C。√8.What does the song mainly convey to people?A.The charm of friendship and memory.B.The importance of Scottish culture.C.The beauty of Scottish language.D.The impact of folk tradition.解析　细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Today, it symbolises friendship and fond memory for communities across the globe”可知,这首歌主要向人们传达了友谊和回忆的魅力。故选A。√Ⅱ.完形填空I vividly remember the day when my husband and I set off on a new journey to Tanzania. He had been 　1　 a position there as a Civil Engineer.Accompanying him,my aim was to find a job shortly after. As you can imagine,I was very excited,even rather 　2　,as I’d never been abroad before. So,my first 　3　 was to get settled in this city called Dodoma in the middle of Tanzania. As we got off the train,however,at six in the morning,a lady came rushing along the 　4　 towards us. Completely out of breath,she said,“We’ve heard you’re from England and our school 　5　 needs an English teacher—please say you’ll help us.” I felt tired and 　6　 a shower after the journey. Though shocked by her 　7　,for some reason or other,I agreed to 　8　 it! I washed,changed,had a quick bite to eat and was 　9　 to the two local teachers and my 　10　 at 8 o’clock. It felt like being thrown in the deep end,as my teaching timetable began 　11　 at 8:30! Although I’d hardly had time to get my breath,I never 　12　 my sudden decision. Though my entry into this　13　 was unexpected,I found joy in teaching those youngsters and gradually became part of the local community in the following years. I’ve been fortunate to 　14　 lifelong friendships,which has left a lasting 　15　 on both my students and myself. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者陪同丈夫去坦桑尼亚工作,当地学校急需英语教师,作者同意了教学生英语。最后在教这些年轻人的过程中找到了乐趣。1.A.awardedB.offeredC.allowedD.presented解析　根据空后的“a position there as a Civil Engineer”可知,作者的丈夫在那里被提供一个土木工程师的职位。award“授予,给予奖励”;offer“主动提出,自愿给予”;allow“允许,准许”;present“(以某种方式)展现,显示,表现”。√2.A.disappointedB.dissatisfiedC.unconcernedD.uneasy解析　根据下文中的“as I’d never been abroad before”可知,作者非常兴奋,但也因为没有出过国感到不安。disappointed“失望的,沮丧的”;dissatisfied“不高兴的,不满意的”;unconcerned“不关心的,无兴趣的”;uneasy“担心的,忧虑的,不安的”。√3.A.priorityB.worryC.actionD.response解析　根据下文中的“was to get settled in this city”及常识可知,他们到坦桑尼亚后的首要任务是安顿下来。priority“优先事项,最重要的事,首要事情”;worry“担心,忧虑”;action“所做之事,行为”;response“反应,响应”。√4.A.riverB.platformC.sidewalkD.channel解析　根据上文中的“As we got off the train”可知,故事发生在火车站的站台(platform)处。故选B。√5.A.probablyB.suddenlyC.desperatelyD.occasionally解析　根据下文中的“my teaching timetable began 　　　　at 8:30”可知,学校急需一名英语老师,上文对女教师的描写“Completely out of breath”也从侧面说明了这一点。probably“很可能”;suddenly“突然”;desperately“非常需要,极想,渴望”;occasionally“偶然,偶尔,有时候”。√6.A.longed forB.waited forC.heard aboutD.worried about解析　根据“I felt tired...after the journey.”及下文中的“I washed,changed”可知,旅行结束时作者感到很累,渴望洗澡。long for“渴望”;wait for“等待”;hear about“听说”;worry about“担心”。√7.A.remarkB.interruptionC.suggestionD.request解析　根据上文中的“please say you’ll help us”可知,此处指女教师的请求。remark“谈论,言论,评述”;interruption“打扰,插嘴,打岔”;suggestion“建议,提议”;request“要求,请求”。√8.A.keepB.takeC.forgetD.quit解析　根据上文中的“for some reason or other,I agreed to”及下文中的“as my teaching timetable began 　　　　at 8:30”可知,作者接受(take)了对方的请求。√9.A.introducedB.recommendedC.assignedD.compared解析　根据语境可知,作者被介绍给当地的两位老师和学生。introduce“介绍,引见”;recommend“推荐”;assign“分配,分派”;compare“比较”。√10.A.colleaguesB.assistantsC.studentsD.interviewers解析　参见上题解析。colleague“同事”;assistant“助理,助手”;interviewer“主持面试者,采访者”。√11.A.exactlyB.finallyC.immediatelyD.smoothly解析　根据上文可知,作者八点钟的时候才被介绍给当地的两位老师和学生,八点半立即就开始授课。exactly“精确地,确切地”;finally“终于,最终”;immediately“立即”;smoothly“顺利地”。√12.A.expectedB.regrettedC.delayedD.dropped解析　根据最后一段中的“I found joy in teaching those youngsters...on both my students and myself”可知,作者虽然几乎没有时间喘口气,但她从不后悔她突然的决定。expect“期待”;regret“感到遗憾,惋惜,懊悔”;delay“延迟,推迟”;drop“停止,放弃”。√13.A.careerB.countryC.agreementD.relationship解析　根据上文可知,作者一到火车站就接受了英语老师这份工作,这是作者意料之外的事情。career“职业,事业”;country“国家”;agreement“协议”;relationship“关系”。√14.A.valueB.strengthenC.renewD.harvest解析　根据下文中的“lifelong friendships,which has left a lasting _______on both my students and myself”可知,作者很幸运地收获了一生的友谊,这对她的学生和她自己都留下了持久的影响。value“重视”;strengthen“加强,增强,巩固”;renew“重新开始”;harvest“收获”。√15.A.commentB.recordC.impactD.impression解析　根据下文中的“on both my students and myself”可知,这些友谊对学生和作者留下了持久的影响。comment“评论”;record“记录,记载”;impact“巨大影响,强大作用”;impression“印象”。√Ⅲ.语法填空With the power of artificial intelligence(AI) text-to-image generators,you can create images even 1.____________ any art skills.You just need to have some experience with technology as well as a computer. AI text-to-image generators are trained through a process called machine learning.In this process,the generator’s “brain” 2._________ (feed) huge numbers of images and learns to distinguish what they are,3.　　　　　　　　　 the generator doesn’t just learn to tell the difference between a banana and a balloon.Rather,it will categorize every,possible detail.These pixel-level (像素级) details are then stored in a mathematical space.When someone gives the generator a 4.　　　　　　 (describe) such as “A soldier riding a white horse”,the program uses algorithms (算法) to “think”.Moments later,the program will create a 5.　　　　　　 (request) image for you to use or improve. Some artists worry that they are being replaced by this technology while other artists like to cooperate with the generator,6._________ (use) its power for ideas and inspiration. Generators like Stable Diffusion are trained with 7.____________ (mass) images gathered from all over the Internet,but 8.____________ training process doesn’t exclude images that are violent or inappropriate.Despite this,Stable Diffusion’s founder Emad Mostaque talks about how people will use the generator rather 9._____________ (optimistic).For better or for worse,AI text-to-image generators 10.____________ (become) as common and easy to use as search engines in the near future. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了时下热门的AI制图的基本原理、工作过程以及优劣势,并简单预测了该技术的前景。1.without　[考查介词。句意:借助人工智能“文本到图像”这一生成器的力量,你甚至可以在没有任何美术技能的情况下创建图像。根据句意可知,此处表示“不用,没有”,故填without。]2.is fed　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据句意及learns可知,此处应用一般现在时,feed(提供)与主语the generator’s “brain”为被动关系,主语为单数形式,故填is fed。]3.but　[考查并列连词。根据句意并结合空后一句“相反,它将对每一个可能的细节进行分类”可知,空处前后为转折关系,故填but。]4.description　[考查词性转换。根据固定搭配give sb sth并结合空前的a可知,空处应用名词,故填description。]5.requested　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作前置定语,修饰image;image与request之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故填requested。]6.using　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,在while后的句子中已有谓语like,该谓语与空处间没有连接词连接,故空处应用非谓语;此处在句中作状语,且use与other artists之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故填using。]7.massive　[考查词性转换。空处修饰images,应用形容词,故填massive。]8.the　[考查冠词。空处位于名词短语training process前,且前一分句是对training process的具体描述,此处再次出现,表特指,故填the。]9.optimistically　[考查词性转换。结合语境和句式分析可知,此处表示“十分乐观地谈论……”,空处修饰前文中的动词talks,应用副词,故填optimistically。]10.will become　[考查时态。分析句子结构可知,空处作谓语,根据后文中的时间状语“in the near future”可知,此处应用一般将来时,故填will become。]