高考英语临考押题卷01（教师版）（北京专用）

这是一份高考英语临考押题卷01（教师版）（北京专用），共12页。
注意事项：
1、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
2、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was in sixth grade, I jined the band prgram t learn t play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning f the year had gne 1 . But as mst students prgressed, I seemed t fall behind. One day, when my teacher tld us t play in frnt f the ther students, I was filled with fear. I knew I wuld 2 . When I began t play, my rhythms were gd, but my tne was anther stry. “Did yu practice yur lessn?” the teacher barked at me. I felt s ashamed and my wrld came 3 dwn in an instant.
Frm then n, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting wrse. With the day f the new perfrmance appraching, I grew increasingly upset. In a mment f 4 , I asked fr sick leave. It was s relieving and such an easy way ut.
The avidance f my lessns cntinued until my mum asked me abut it. “I want t quit.” My tears started flwing. “If yu really want t quit, why are yu crying?” asked mum. She 5 and I realized I wanted t stay in band and, by nt facing my fears, I had created a black hle that wuld be difficult t 6 ut f. I made a reslutin nt t hide frm my fears and t stand up t even the wrst f them, s a slutin culd be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and tld her I was having a prblem and culdn’t 7 why. She asked me gently t play fr her. I tried, but nly an unpleasant sund came ut. She didn’t shut at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. T my great 8 I culd play well. My prblem was slved and my fear was remved a lt that year.
Lking back, I’m glad that I vercame my fear. Fear can 9 everything in a persn’s life. Hiding frm thse very fears nly creates a hle, which makes a persn stay 10 inside. After facing up t a fear, ne may find life easier and much mre enjyable.
1．A．badlyB．endlesslyC．randmlyD．smthly
2．A．mess upB．mve nC．set utD．take ff
3．A．crashingB．mvingC．sellingD．bending
4．A．jyB．panicC．dubtD．sympathy
5．A．had a pintB．made a changeC．reached a levelD．tk a break
6．A．sendB．bringC．pickD．climb
7．A．figure utB．give awayC．think verD．make up
8．A．angerB．srrwC．disappintmentD．surprise
9．A．cnsumeB．examineC．reflectD．rescue
10．A．unknwnB．unpunishedC．interestedD．trapped
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在学习单簧管过程中遇到困难、恐惧，但最终克服恐惧、战胜自我的故事。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：年初过得很顺利。A. badly糟糕地；B. endlessly无止境地；C. randmly随机地；D. smthly顺利地。根据下文“But as mst students prgressed, I seemed t fall behind(但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了)”可知，But前后表示转折，But后说慢慢地自己落后了，所以这里应是说这一年刚开始的时候很顺利。故选D。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up搞砸，弄糟；B. mve n继续前进；C. set ut出发；D. take ff起飞。根据上文“I was filled with fear.(我充满了恐惧。)”可知，作者内心恐惧，感觉自己会演奏不好，把事情搞砸。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩塌了。A. crashing崩溃，坍塌；B. mving移动；C. selling出售；D. bending弯曲。根据上文“I felt s ashamed”可知，受到老师的指责后，作者很羞愧，世界崩塌了。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. jy高兴；B. panic恐慌；C. dubt怀疑；D. sympathy同情。根据下文“my fears”可知，这里表示作者很恐慌。故选B。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她说得有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，而且因为我没有面对自己的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a pint说得有道理；B. made a change做出改变；C. reached a level达到一个水平；D. tk a break休息。根据空后的“and I realized...”可知，妈妈的话让作者意识到了自己的问题，所以妈妈的话很有道理。故选A。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说得有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，而且因为我没有面对自己的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. send发送；B. bring带来；C. pick捡起；D. climb爬。根据上文“a black hle”可知，这个黑洞难以爬出来。故选D。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我见了我的乐队老师，告诉她我遇到了一个问题，不知道为什么这样。A. figure ut弄清楚；B. give away泄露；C. think ver仔细考虑；D. make up编造，化妆。根据空后的“why”可知，作者不知道为什么会出现这个问题。故选A。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger气愤；B. srrw悲伤；C. disappintment失望；D. surprise惊讶。根据空后的“I culd play well”可知，换了新的簧片之后，作者惊讶地发现自己能演奏好了。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会吞噬一个人生活中的一切。A. cnsume消耗，毁灭；B. examine检查；C. reflect反映；D. rescue拯救。根据下文“everything in a persn’s life”和“After facing up t a fear, ne may find life easier and much mre enjyable”可知，面对恐惧后，一个人可能会发现生活更容易，更愉快，说明恐惧会吞噬一个人生活的一切。故选A。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：逃避这些恐惧只会制造一个洞，让一个人被困在里面。A. unknwn未知的；B. unpunished未受惩罚的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. trapped受困的。根据第三段“I had created a black hle that wuld be difficult t climb ut f”和上文中的“Hiding frm thse very fears nly creates a hle”可知，逃避这些恐惧只会制造一个洞，人很难从这个洞爬出来，所以是人被困在这个洞里。故选D。
第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当 的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指 定区域作答。
A
In everyday life, the questin f 11 we shuld think things thrugh r instead g with ur heart is a frequent and imprtant ne. Recent studies 12 (shw ) that even gathering just a little bit mre evidence may help us avid a majr mistake. Smetimes the mst imprtant decisin 13 we make can be t take sme mre time befre making a chice.
【答案】11．whether 12．shw/have shwn 13．that
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在日常生活中，我们是应该把事情想清楚，还是应该随心而行，这是一个经常出现的重要问题。最近的研究表明，即使多收集一点证据，也可能帮助我们避免犯重大错误。
11．考查固定句型。句意：在日常生活中，我们是应该把事情想清楚，还是应该随心而行，这是一个经常出现的重要问题。根据句意可知，这里表达“我们是应该深思熟虑还是应该随心所欲”这样一个问题，“”是固定搭配，意为 “是……还是……”。故填whether。
12．考查动词时态。句意：最近的研究表明，即使多收集一点证据，也可能帮助我们避免犯重大错误。根据时间状语“Recent studies”（最近的研究）以及句子的语境可知，此处可以强调从过去到现在的研究结果，用现在完成时。现在完成时的结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语 “Recent studies”是复数，助动词用 have，“shw”的过去分词是shwn。也可以强调一般事实，用一般现在时。故填shw/have shwn。
13．考查定语从句。句意：有时候，我们做的最重要的决定是在做出选择之前多花点时间。分析句子可知， 设空处引导定语从句，先行词是“decisin”，且先行词被最高级“the mst imprtant” 修饰，在定语从句中，当先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用 that，所以此处应填that。故填that。
B
The cncept f the law f reversed effrt was defined by writer and philspher Aldus Huxley. He explained the 14 (hard) we try with the cnscius will t d smething, the less we shall succeed. Effrt 15 (becme)a paradx (悖论). It is like swimming against the current in a river. We can swim upstream, using all ur might 16 (fight) the rushing water and still nt get clse t where we need t be. Or we can let the current take us dwnstream and find a different spt t get ut f the water.
【答案】14．harder 15．becmes 16．t fight
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作家兼哲学家奥尔德斯・赫胥黎定义的“反向努力法则”的概念，并通过在河中游泳的例子进行说明。
14．考查副词的比较级。句意：他解释说，我们越是有意识地努力去做某件事，我们成功的可能性就越小。根据下文“the less we shall succeed(我们成功的可能性就越小)”可知此处使用了“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”的结构，意为“越……，越……”，此处应填hard的比较级harder，故填harder。
15．考查动词时态。句意：努力变成了一个悖论。此处描述的是一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Effrt是单数，所以谓语动词becme要用第三人称单数形式becmes，故填becmes。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们可以逆流而上，竭尽全力与湍急的水流作斗争，但仍然无法靠近我们需要到达的地方。空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，使用动词不定式，故填t fight。
C
Faced with health r nutritin questins, it is 17 (increase) cmmn fr peple t g nline and diagnse themselves. But the Internet is full f cnflicting health warnings with n regulatin t remve the wrng advice, sme f 18 is extremely dangerus! Als, search engines rank results by ppularity rather than accuracy, s slid facts can be tricky t find. It is wrth examining whether the writer f an nline piece is prperly qualified 19 an expert. Remember, nly fficially 20 (recgnize) practicing dctrs as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical suggestins.
【答案】17．increasingly 18．which 19．as 20．recgnized
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当人们遇到健康问题时，上网搜索自我诊断的现象，但其实网上的信息并不可靠，最后指出只有官方认可的医生和营养师才有资格给予实用的的医疗建议。
17．考查副词。句意：面对健康或营养问题，人们上网自我诊断越来越普遍。由副词修饰形容词可知，这里修饰形容词“cmmn”，需要用副词形式。“increase”的副词形式是“increasingly”，表示“越来越多地；日益”。故填increasingly。
18．考查定语从句。句意：但互联网上充满了相互矛盾的健康警告，没有任何规定来删除错误的建议，其中一些是极其危险的！分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 “cnflicting health warnings”，指物，在介词“f”后作宾语，所以用关系代词“which”引导。故填which。
19．考查固定短语。句意：值得研究的是，一篇网络文章的作者是否有资格成为专家。此处“be qualified as...”是固定短语，意为“有资格作为……；胜任……”。故填as。
20．考查形容词。句意：记住，只有官方认可的执业医生和营养师才有提供医疗建议的学位。由空后dctrs和dietitians为名词可知，此处为形容词recgnized“认可的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填recgnized。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Part f STEM learning is seeing and ding, and then recrding and analyzing the results. But nt all nline r hmeschl prgrams are set up t accmmdate science experiments r ther STEM learning activities. Let’s take a lk at a few mind-blwing labs that can help bring STEM tpics alive fr yur child’s nline schl experience.Weather Labratries
T make learning abut weather accessible and fun, the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin (NOAA) created a lt f infrmative weather activities and virtual labs they recmmend fr students and educatrs. In fact, their weather science cntent fr kids features a Weather Lab applicatin that allws middle schl students t predict weather patterns, and learn what happens when cean currents and air masses interact.Simulatins (模拟) fr Science and Math
It is a prject f the University f Clrad Bulder and ne f the richest single databases f nline science interactives and virtual labs. Investigate mre than 150 physics, chemistry, math, bilgy, and Earth science tpics. Available in dzens f languages, the interactives are searchable by grade level, subject, and accessibility.Space Explratin Simulatins
The Natinal Aernautics and Space Administratin (NASA) features many STEM learning activities fr students in grades K-12. The interactive simulatins are als gamified and make learning engaging and fun fr yur child. The app allws users t explre the universe and unlck stries f trailblazing scientists and their cntributins t space explratin and science.
21．Wh are the intended readers?
A．Parents.B．Students.C．Teachers.D．Researchers.
22．What makes Simulatins fr Science and Math different frm the ther labs?
A．It cvers the mst subjects.B．It has a translatin centre.
C．It ffers gamified learning experiences.D．It prvides multiple tls fr recrding.
23．What d all the three labs have in cmmn?
A．They centre n prblem slving skills.
B．They facilitate advanced scientific research.
C．They prvide virtual scientific explratin.
D．They help students with STEM prjects frm schl.
【答案】21．A 22．A 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用。文章主要介绍了一些能让孩子在线学习 STEM 课程时更生动有趣的实验室，包括气象实验室、科学与数学模拟实验室、太空探索模拟实验室。
21．推理判断题、根据第一段“But nt all nline r hmeschl prgrams are set up t accmmdate science experiments r ther STEM learning activities. Let’s take a lk at a few mind-blwing labs that can help bring STEM tpics alive fr yur child’s nline schl experience.(但并不是所有的在线或家庭学校课程都是为了适应科学实验或其他STEM学习活动而设置的。让我们来看看一些令人兴奋的实验室，它们可以帮助您的孩子在在线学校体验中活跃STEM主题)”可知，文章介绍这些实验室是为了孩子的在线学习，所以目标读者是家长，故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据Simulatins (模拟) fr Science and Math中的“It is a prject f the University f Clrad Bulder and ne f the richest single databases f nline science interactives and virtual labs. Investigate mre than 150 physics, chemistry, math, bilgy, and Earth science tpics. Available in dzens f languages, the interactives are searchable by grade level, subject, and accessibility. (它是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的一个项目，也是在线科学互动和虚拟实验室最丰富的单一数据库之一。调查超过150个物理、化学、数学、生物和地球科学主题。有几十种语言版本，可以根据年级、科目和可访问性进行搜索)”可知，科学和数学模拟涵盖多个学科，而其他实验室未提及如此广泛的学科范围。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据Weather Labratries中的“T make learning abut weather accessible and fun,the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin (NOAA) created a huh f infrmative weather activities and virtual labs they recmmend fr students and educatrs. In fact, their weather science cntent fr kids features a Weather Lab applicatin that allws middle schl students t predict weather patterns, and learn what happens when cean currents and air masses interact.(为了让了解天气变得更容易、更有趣，美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）为学生和教育工作者推荐了一系列信息丰富的天气活动和虚拟实验室。事实上，他们的儿童天气科学内容以一个天气实验室应用程序为特色，该应用程序允许中学生预测天气模式，并了解当洋流和气团相互作用时会发生什么)”可知，气象实验室有虚拟实验室让学生预测天气模式；Simulatins (模拟) fr Science and Math“It is a prject f the University f Clrad Bulder and ne f the richest single databases f nline science interactives and virtual labs.(它是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的一个项目，也是在线科学互动和虚拟实验室最丰富的单一数据库之一)”可知，科学和数学模拟是在线科学互动和虚拟实验室数据库；Space Explratin Simulatins中的“The interactive simulatins are als gamified and make learning engaging and fun fr yur child.(互动模拟，也游戏化，使学习参与和乐趣为您的孩子)”可知，太空探索模拟实验室有互动模拟，让用户探索宇宙。综上所述，它们都提供了虚拟科学探索。故选C。
B
I was in a tiny plane with skydivers in their 70s and 80s, and I was distracted.
The reprter in me was trying t remember everything: the preflight rituals (仪式); the jkes; the way the jumpers checked their instruments. The rest f me was fcused n the fact that in a few minutes, I wuld jump ut f a plane flying 12,500 feet abve the grund.
I was reprting n West Ways, a grup f skydivers in their late 50s t early 90s. The grup was started in 1987 by Ms. West and her husband, and members have jumped tgether abut nce a mnth ever since. This Sunday, they were celebrating their hliday party, which included a gift exchange and a 28-pint frmatin in free fall.
As we reached altitude, Mr. West went ver the jump frmatin nce mre befre leading the grup in a cheer fr my jump. It was time. One by ne they jumped. In the air, they grabbed hld f ne anther, frming the shape f a snwflake.
Then it was my turn. Mr. Diaz edged me frward. I tk a deep breath. And n the cunt f three, we leaped int free fall. I had never been s aware f my senses: I felt the cld air against my face and the wind pushing back my arms and legs. After a few secnds, I was able t lk arund. After a few minutes, we landed. The members f West Ways cheered and clapped me n the back as I tried t catch my breath.
Over the next six hurs, I interviewed them as they did tw mre jumps. (I stayed firmly n the grund.) I heard tales abut first kisses in free fall and parachuting (跳伞) int weddings. What struck me wasn’t the extrardinary physical accmplishment, but hw a lng-standing, active cmmunity ffers a way fr thse in it t age gracefully.
I dn’t knw whether I’ll skydive again. But I hpe that when I’m 80, I can regularly experience a suspensin f time with peple I’ve knwn fr decades, befre we parachute back dwn t earth.
24．What d we knw abut West Ways?
A．They make jumping a rutine.
B．They are well trained prfessinals.
C．They set an age limit t new members.
D．They are famus fr their diving patterns.
25．Why did the authr jin West Ways that day?
A．T celebrate a hliday.B．T try a sprt.
C．T care fr the elderly.D．T cver a stry.
26．What impressed the authr mst abut West Ways?
A．Their ptimistic attitude.B．Their lifelng bnd.
C．Their physical achievements.D．Their remarkable skills.
【答案】24．A 25．D 26．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与跳伞并采访老年跳伞团体的经历，并感悟其成员间深厚情谊的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“The grup was started in 1987 by Ms. West and her husband, and members have jumped tgether abut nce a mnth ever since. (这个团体是1987年由韦斯特女士和她的丈夫创立的，从那以后，成员们大约每月一起跳伞一次。)” 可知，West Ways把跳伞作为了一种常规活动。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“The reprter in me was trying t remember everything (我作为记者的那部分自我努力记住一切)”以及第三段“I was reprting n West Ways, a grup f skydivers in their late 50s t early 90s. (我正在报道West Ways，一个由 50 多岁到 90 岁出头的跳伞者组成的团体。)”以及后文对跳伞活动的详细描述可知，作者那天加入West Ways是为了报道一个故事。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“What struck me wasn’t the extrardinary physical accmplishment, but hw a lng-standing, active cmmunity ffers a way fr thse in it t age gracefully. (让我印象深刻的不是他们非凡的身体成就，而是一个长期活跃的社区如何为其中的成员提供一种优雅老去的方式。)”以及最后一段中“But I hpe that when I’m 80, I can regularly experience a suspensin f time with peple I’ve knwn fr decades, befre we parachute back dwn t earth. (但我希望当我 80 岁的时候，我能经常和我认识了几十年的人一起体验时间的暂停，然后我们再跳伞回到地面。)”可知，作者最印象深刻的是West Ways成员之间那种终生的联系和情谊。故选B。
C
Generative Al Is Likely t Wrsen the E-Waste Crisis
Every time generative artificial intelligence drafts an e-mail r creates an image, the planet pays fr it. Making tw images can cnsume as much energy as charging a smartphne, a single exchange with ChatGPT can heat up a server s much that it requires a bttle's wrth f water t cl. By 2027, the glbal AI sectr culd annually cnsume as much electricity as the Netherlands. A study in Nature Cmputatinal Science identifies anther cncern? AI's cntributin t the munting heap f electrnic waste. Generative Al applicatins alne culd add 1.2 millin t 5 millin metric tns f e-waste by 2030.
This wuld add t the millins f tns f electrnic prducts: the glbe gets rid f annually. Cell phnes, cmputers, and ther digital prducts ften cntain mercury (汞) lead, r ther txins. If thrwn away imprperly, they can cntaminate air, water, and sil. In 2022, the UN fund that abut 78% f the wrld's e-waste ended up in landfills r unfficial recycling sites, where labrers risk their health t cllect rare metals.
AI rapidly cnsumes physical data strage devices and high-perfrmance cmpnents which last nly tw t five years but are replaced quickly as newer versins emerge. Asaf Tzachr, a researcher at Reichman University, emphasizes the imprtance f mnitring
and reducing AI's envirnmental impacts.
Tzachr's study examined the vlume f hardware used fr large language mdels and its lifespan. It predicts that the adptin f generative Al culd increase e-waste, althugh hardware innvatins might help reduce this. Meanwhile, technlgical advances culd make Al system mre accessible, increasing their use.
This study's main cntributin is highlighting AI's envirnmental cnsequences. Researchers like Shalei Ren frm UC Riverside suggest that Al cmpanies shuld slw their pace t minimize these effects.
Currently, few cuntries have strict e-waste dispsal laws. In the U.S., there's n federal requirement fr recycling electrnics, althugh sme states have plicies. A new bill, the Artificial Intelligence Envirnmental Impacts Act f 2024, aims t address AI's envirnmental impact but lacks cmpulsry reprting frm cmpanies. Micrsft and Ggle, hwever, have cmmitted t reaching net-zer waste and emissins by 2030.
T limit e-waste, cmpanies can extend the life f their servers thrugh" regular maintenance r repurpse ld hardware, which can reduce waste by 42%. Mre efficient design culd cut the demand fr hardware and energy, ptentially reducing e-waste by 86%.
27．The phrase “the munting heap” underlined in Paragraph 1 prbably means_______？
A．grwing amunt.B．effective recycling.C．fast cnsumptin.D．practical applicatin.
28．Accrding t Asaf Tzachr, _______is likely t cntribute t the grwth f AI-related e-waste.
A．the use f the rare metals.
B．the imprvement in language mdels.
C．the increasing accessibility f Al technlgy.
D．the reductin in the number f hardware cmpnents.
29．What is implied abut the U.S, federal law n e-waste management?
A．It is inadequate due t the lack f enfrcement.
B．It is effective in ensuring prper dispsal f e-waste.
C．It has recently been updated t include Al regulatins.
D．It frces cmpanies t reprt their e-waste dispsal practices.
30．What is the authr's purpse in writing this article?
A．T shwcase AI's ptential fr reducing e-waste.
B．T explain the mechanisms behind Al technlgy.
C．T highlight the urgency f reducing AI's envirnmental impact.
D．T analyze the pssibilities f lessening AI's envirnmental ftprint.
【答案】27．A 28．C 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了生成式人工智能在运行过程中会消耗大量能源，其应用可能会在 2030 年前增加 120 万到 500 万吨的电子垃圾，从而加剧电子垃圾危机。文章还提到电子垃圾若处理不当会污染环境，以及目前各国在电子垃圾处理方面的法律现状和减少电子垃圾的一些措施。
27．词句猜测题。根据第一段“By 2027, the glbal AI sectr culd annually cnsume as much electricity as the Netherlands. A study in Nature Cmputatinal Science identifies anther cncern? AI's cntributin t the munting heap f electrnic waste. Generative Al applicatins alne culd add 1.2 millin t 5 millin metric tns f e-waste by 2030. (到 2027 年，全球人工智能行业每年消耗的电量可能会与荷兰每年的耗电量相当。《自然・计算科学》的一项研究发现了另一个问题：人工智能对the munting heap的电子垃圾的 “贡献”。仅生成式人工智能应用一项，到 2030 年就可能增加 120 万至 500 万吨电子垃圾。)”可知，随着人工智能的发展，其产生的电子垃圾数量在不断增长，“the munting heap” 意思是 “不断增加的数量”。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“Asaf Tzachr, a researcher at Reichman University, emphasizes the imprtance f mnitring and reducing AI's envirnmental impacts. (雷希曼大学的研究员阿萨夫・察乔尔强调了监测和减少人工智能对环境影响的重要性。)”以及根据第四段 “Meanwhile, technlgical advances culd make Al system mre accessible, increasing their use. (与此同时，技术进步可能会使人工智能系统更易于使用，从而增加其使用量。)”可推知，察乔尔认为人工智能技术更易于使用会导致其使用量增加，进而可能会增加与人工智能相关的电子垃圾。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Currently, few cuntries have strict e-waste dispsal laws. In the U.S., there's n federal requirement fr recycling electrnics, althugh sme states have plicies. A new bill, the Artificial Intelligence Envirnmental Impacts Act f 2024, aims t address AI's envirnmental impact but lacks cmpulsry reprting frm cmpanies. (目前，很少有国家有严格的电子垃圾处理法律。在美国，没有联邦层面关于回收电子产品的要求，尽管一些州有相关政策。一项新的法案，即 2024 年的《人工智能环境影响法案》，旨在解决人工智能对环境的影响，但缺乏对公司的强制报告要求。)”可推知，美国联邦在电子垃圾管理方面的法律存在不足，因为缺乏强制执行力。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据文章整体内容，尤其是最后一段 “T limit e-waste, cmpanies can extend the life f their servers thrugh" regular maintenance r repurpse ld hardware, which can reduce waste by 42%. Mre efficient design culd cut the demand fr hardware and energy, ptentially reducing e-waste by 86%. (为了限制电子垃圾，公司可以通过定期维护来延长服务器的使用寿命，或者对旧硬件进行重新利用，这可以减少 42% 的垃圾。更高效的设计可以减少对硬件和能源的需求，有可能减少 86% 的电子垃圾。)”可知，文章开篇指出生成式人工智能每次运行都会消耗能源并产生电子垃圾，接着阐述了电子垃圾处理不当的危害、人工智能相关电子垃圾增加的原因，还提到了目前电子垃圾管理法律的不足以及减少电子垃圾的方法等内容。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是强调减少人工智能对环境影响的紧迫性。故选C。
D
We humans have a natural tendency t exaggerate ur psitive qualities, and cmpare urselves favrably with thers, which is called “self-enhancement effect”. Famusly, back in the 1980s, researchers shwed that up t 80 percent f mtrists cnsidered themselves t have abve-average driving skills. If yu’re a regular driver, yu have t knw that this cannt be true even if yu persist in believing it abut yurself.
One reasn fr this tendency is that it acts as prtectin against the mental pain that cmes frm negative cmparisns with thers. Neurscientists writing in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences in 2013 used fMRI and PET scans t shw that feeling superir t thers bsts dpamine (多巴胺) release, which in turn suppresses (抑制) activity in parts f the brain assciated with psychlgical discmfrt.
Hwever, althugh self-enhancement feels gd in the shrt term, it is nt a lng-term slutin t life’s prblems, Sner r later, yu’re bund t be cnfrnted with a painful adjustment t the truth. Fr instance, researchers writing in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy shwed that when cllege, students held an verestimated view f their wn academic ability, it enhanced their md and psitive effect — that is, they enjyed happier feelings. But the illusin ( 幻觉) f superirity did nt translate int better academic perfrmance. In fact, the students tended t fail at their academic expectatins, and that in part led t lwer self-esteem ver the lng term.
One suggestin: Reframe yur imperfectins, nt as failings but as interesting puzzles t slve. If yu like puzzles, yu may have nticed that yu initially enjy the nes that are simple t crack, but quickly get bred and lk fr trickier alternatives. But if they’re t hard, yu simply grw frustrated. The zne f enjyment mves up as yu increase in skill and can tackle mre difficulty. Life’s challenges are like puzzles: A great deal f the present-day increase in unhappiness cmes frm the fact that when we use self-enhancement t avid the discmfrt f struggle, we unintentinally get stuck belw the zne f enjyment in the fascinating game f self-imprvement.
Yu dn’t need t make any imprvements, because yu’re perfect already? Hw bring!
31．What des the “self-enhancement effect” refer t?
A．The ability t ignre negative traits.B．The tendency t cmpare with thers.
C．The belief in ne’s superirity ver thers.D．The mtivatin t enhance inner qualities.
32．The ptential cnsequence f hlding a self-enhancement view is______.
A．temprary satisfactinB．bjective self-assessment
C．imprved scial cnnectinsD．lng-lasting academic success
33．What can we learn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．Playing games leads t lng term enjyment.
B．Pursuing simple slutins always keeps peple happy.
C．Regarding weaknesses as challenges can prmte persnal imprvement.
D．Cmparing neself favrably with thers bsts self-esteem permanently,
【答案】31．C 32．A 33．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“自我增强效应”现象，指出人们常夸大自身积极品质、自认优于他人，如多数司机高估自己驾驶技术。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段中“We humans have a natural tendency t exaggerate ur psitive qualities, and cmpare urselves favrably with thers, which is called “ self-enhancement effect”.( 我们人类有一种天生的倾向，就是夸大自己的积极品质，把自己和别人比较，这就是所谓的“自我增强效应”。)”以及后面提到“up t 80 percent f mtrists cnsidered themselves t have abve-average driving skills(多达80%的驾车者认为自己的驾驶技术高于平均水平)”可知，“自我增强效应”指的是人们倾向于夸大自己的积极品质，认为自己比别人更优秀，也就是相信自己优于他人。故选C项。
32．推理判断题。根据第三段“Hwever, althugh self-enhancement feels gd in the shrt term, it is nt a lng-term slutin t life’s prblems, Sner r later, yu’re bund t be cnfrnted with a painful adjustment t the truth. Fr instance, researchers writing in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy shwed that when cllege, students held an verestimated view f their wn academic ability, it enhanced their md and psitive effect — that is, they enjyed happier feelings. But the illusin ( 幻觉) f superirity did nt translate int better academic perfrmance. In fact, the students tended t fail at their academic expectatins, and that in part led t lwer self-esteem ver the lng term.( 然而，虽然自我提升在短期内感觉很好，但它并不是解决生活问题的长久之计，迟早，你一定要面对一个痛苦的适应事实的过程。例如，在《人格与社会心理学杂志》上发表的研究表明，当大学生对自己的学术能力持有过高的看法时，这会增强他们的情绪和积极影响——也就是说，他们享受到更快乐的感觉。但是优越感的幻觉并没有转化为更好的学习成绩。事实上，这些学生往往无法达到他们的学业期望，这在一定程度上导致了长期自卑。)”可知，持有自我增强观点的潜在后果是能带来暂时的满足感，但从长远来看并非是好的解决办法，会导致与现实的痛苦调整，甚至降低自尊。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Reframe yur imperfectins, nt as failings but as interesting puzzles t slve.( 重新定义你的不完美，不是失败，而是有趣的谜题。)”以及“Life’s challenges are like puzzles: A great deal f the present-day increase in unhappiness cmes frm the fact that when we use self-enhancement t avid the discmfrt .f struggle, we unintentinally get stuck belw the zne f enjyment in the fascinating game f self-imprvement.( 生活的挑战就像谜题：如今，很多不快乐的增加来自于这样一个事实：当我们用自我提升来避免挣扎带来的不适时，我们无意中陷入了自我提升的迷人游戏中，无法享受快乐。)”可推知，我们能从最后两段中得出，把自己的缺点看作是要解决的有趣谜题，将弱点视为挑战可以促进个人的提升。故选C项。
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It has lng been knwn that sleep als plays a significant rle in physical and emtinal health. Nw, researchers frm the University f Suth Australia have published a new study in the Jurnal f Neurscience. 34 This is gd news fr anyne wh wants t study a freign language.
Accrding t a blg n Everywhere English, there are tw phases that the brain cycles thrugh when sleeping. 35 During this phase, which usually happens abut an hur and a half after a persn has fallen asleep, brain activity is high and shws levels that are similar t when that persn is awake. This is when dreams ccur. In nn-REM sleep, brain activity is lw.
36 But in fact, the researchers frm the University f Suth Australia fund that just the ppsite is true.
Accrding t a University f Suth Australia press release, the researchers cnducted an experiment with 35 native English speakers. Half f the students learned the language in the mrning and then went n with their days. 37 This way the researchers culd recrd their brainwaves. Bth grups were tested n their knwledge in the mrning. The grup that had slept sn after they studied perfrmed significantly better than thse wh had nt.
“ 38 It’s an active, transfrmative state fr the brain,” Dr. Sctt Cusins, a researcher at the University f Suth Australia, said in the press release.
A．Sleep is nt just restful.
B．The first is called REM sleep.
C．Is sleep help yu learn language?
D．If yu are active, yu’ll have a gd memry.
E．It investigates the way sleep helps peple learn language.
F．But the ther half studied in the evening and then slept at the lab.
G．One may think that memry and learning are gained when the brain is active.
【答案】34．E 35．B 36．G 37．F 38．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文通过南澳大利亚大学的研究，揭示了睡眠在语言学习中的关键作用，指出睡眠的REM阶段并非被动休息，而是大脑主动巩固记忆的过程，并通过实验证明睡前学习结合睡眠能显著提升语言学习效果。
34．前文提到“Nw, researchers frm the University f Suth Australia have published a new study in the Jurnal f Neurscience.(现在，来自南澳大利亚大学的研究人员在《神经科学杂志》上发表了一项新研究。)”以及后文“This is gd news fr anyne wh wants t study a freign language.(这对任何想学外语的人来说都是个好消息。)”说明此处需要填入一个研究内容于语言学习相关的选项。E项“It investigates the way sleep helps peple learn language.(该研究阐述了睡眠如何帮助语言学习)”该项提到了研究的内容，即睡眠对于人们语言学习方式的帮助，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选E。
35．前文提到“Accrding t a blg n Everywhere English, there are tw phases that the brain cycles thrugh when sleeping. (根据Everywhere English的一篇博客，睡眠时大脑会经历两个阶段。)”由此判断，该段介绍了睡眠的两个阶段，后文中“this phase(这个阶段)”应指代第一个阶段，并描述其特点。B项“The first is called REM sleep.(第一个阶段是REM睡眠阶段)”与后文衔接自然，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选B。
36．后文提到“But in fact, the researchers frm the University f Suth Australia fund that just the ppsite is true.(但事实上，南澳大学的研究人员发现，事实恰恰相反。)”后文提到“事实恰恰相反”，需先引出大众普遍认为的某一观点，与该句形成对比。G项“One may think that memry and learning are gained when the brain is active.(人们可能会认为记忆和学习是在大脑活跃的时候获得的。)”该项与后文形成转折，逻辑合理，符合文意。故选G。
37．前文提到“Half f the students learned the language in the mrning and then went n with their days.(一半的学生在早上学习语言，然后继续他们的日常活动。)”第四段提到分组实验，前文提到“一半学生早上学习”，空处则需填入另一半的对比情况。F项“But the ther half studied in the evening and then slept at the lab.(而另一半则在晚上学习，然后在实验室睡觉。)”该项与前文形成完整对照，符合实验设计描述。故选F。
38．后文提到“It’s an active, transfrmative state fr the brain(对大脑来说，这是一种活跃的、变革的状态。)”该段强调“睡眠是大脑的主动转化状态”，空处需填入对睡眠本质的总结。A项“Sleep is nt just restful.(睡眠不仅是休息)”直接呼应后文，点明该段核心观点。符合文意。故选A。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节 (共 4 小题； 第 40、41 题各 2 分， 第 42 题 3 分， 第 43 题 5 分， 共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
I vlunteered at LM Village Camp with Refugee Supprt fr five mnths and I just came back recently.
I dn’t knw hw t summarize the past several mnths. The refugees(难民)I gt t knw are unbelievably generus, warm and kind despite their hrrific circumstances. I was astunded that they had the emtinal capacity t give lve, and gestures f kindness t the vlunteers. On my last day at LM Village Camp, ne family called me ver t their hme t thank me and say gdbye. They insisted n giving me their first grwn cucumber frm the plants they were grwing frm the “Grw Yur Own” prject we helped them start.
“Chices” and “pprtunities” have been cruelly taken away frm these peple. If there is smething I have learned frm this, it’s t try t remind myself nt t take the chices and pprtunities I have fr my present and future fr granted. These refugees are currently pwerless t make any real chices abut their future, r even abut their daily painful life. Hwever, what I did witness at LM Village Camp was the residents’ ability t chse lve and genersity f heart. I am prud t have supprted these peple a little in their time f need. They truly gave me s much mre than I culd give them; I learned s much abut true selfless kindness.
Having vlunteered fr five mnths with Refugee Supprt, I have witnessed first-hand hw dnatins can prvide sme nrmality fr refugees’ life, prviding aid with dignity and respect, and ffering sme small daily chices. Yu dn’t have t vlunteer there t help them. Yu can help even at hme. Just dnate smething t them. It desn’t have t be smething expensive. Just dnate anything that yu think can help a refugee.
39．Hw did the authr find the refugees?(n mre than 5 wrds)

40．What des the underlined wrd “astunded” in Paragraph 2 mean?(1 wrd)

41．What did the authr lean frm the refugees’ experiences? (n mre than 10 wrds)

42．What did the authr appeal t readers t d finally? (n mre than 10 wrds)

43．Hw d yu feel abut the refugees after reading the text?(n mre than 20 wrds)

【答案】39．Unbelievably generus, warm and kind. 40．Astnished/Shcked. 41．He shuldn’t take his chices and pprtunities fr granted. 42．T dnate smething that culd help the refugees. 43．I have bth sympathy and respect fr the refugees, because they are kind and generus despite their unpleasant living cnditins.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在LM村难民支持营做了五个月的志愿者的经历和感受。
39．细节理解题。由文章第二段“The refugees(难民)I gt t knw are unbelievably generus, warm and kind despite their hrrific circumstances.(我了解到，尽管他们的处境很可怕，但难民们还是非常慷慨、热情和善良。)”可知，作者发现难民们难以置信地慷慨、热情和善良。故填Unbelievably generus, warm and kind.
40．词句猜测题。由文章第二段“The refugees(难民)I gt t knw are unbelievably generus, warm and kind despite their hrrific circumstances. I was astunded that they had the emtinal capacity t give lve, and gestures f kindness t the vlunteers. (我认识的难民，尽管他们的处境很可怕，但他们的慷慨、热情和善良令人难以置信。我 发现，他们有情感能力给予志愿者爱和善意的手势。)”可知，作者作为志愿者去给难民爱和帮助，反而得到了难民的爱和善意，这样这样作者很“震惊”，所以推测astunded表“震惊”。故填Astnished或者Shcked.
41．细节理解题。由文章第三段“If there is smething I have learned frm this, it’s t try t remind myself nt t take the chices and pprtunities I have fr my present and future fr granted.(如果我从中学到了什么，那就是提醒自己不要把我现在和未来的选择和机会视为理所当然。)”可知，作者从难民的经历中得出结论，他不应该把自己的选择和机会视为理所当然。故填He shuldn’t take his chices and pprtunities fr granted.
42．细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Yu can help even at hme. Just dnate smething t them. It desn’t have t be smething expensive. Just dnate anything that yu think can help a refugee.(你甚至可以在家里帮忙。给他们捐点东西吧。它不一定是昂贵的东西。只要捐赠任何你认为可以帮助难民的东西。)”可知，作者呼吁读者捐赠任何读者认为可以帮助难民的东西。故填T dnate smething that culd help the refugees.
43．开放性试题。言之有理即可。其中一种参考答案：我对难民既同情又尊重，因为尽管他们的生活条件不好，但他们善良慷慨。故填I have bth sympathy and respect fr the refugees, because they are kind and generus despite their unpleasant living cnditins.
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假定你是李华，想邀请你的新西兰朋友Kevin参加你校将要举行的“劳动周”相关活动。请给他写 封邮件，内容包括：
1.活动时间；
2. 活动内容（如：校园环境美化、校内垃圾分类等）；
3. 活动意义.
参考词汇：Labur Week劳动周
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Kevin,
I feel extremely delighted t infrm yu that ur schl will hld sme relevant activities during the upcming Labur Week. I’m writing t invite yu t experience the great activities.
The Labur Week will start n June 10th and last fr five days, when we will hld varius activities. T beautify ur schl, we will plant trees that are definitely gd fr ur physical and mental well-being. Mrever, it’s a wnderful idea t srt garbage in an ec-friendly way, making ur campus cleaner and mre fascinating. There is als a labr knwledge cmpetitin which is s rewarding that we can’t affrd t miss it.
As fr the significance, we can benefit a lt undubtedly. Our awareness f labur can be develped. Besides, we will learn t cherish and respect the fruits f peple’s wrk.
Lking frward t yur favrable reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇写作属于应用文，主要是邀请新西兰的朋友Kevin参加学校举行的劳动周活动。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法。总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
写作要求：1. 活动时间；（the time f this activity）
2. 活动内容（如：校园环境美化、校内垃圾分类等）；（the cntent f this activity）
3. 活动意义。（the significance f this activity）
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
infrm; relevant; upcming; varius; beautify; definitely; physical and mental; as fr the significance; undubtedly; cherish
第三步：连词成句
I want t infrm yu that ur schl will hld sme relevant activities during the upcming Labur Week.
I’m writing t invite yu t experience the great activities.
We will plant trees that are definitely gd fr ur physical and mental well-being.
We will hld varius activities t supprt ur Labur Week.
It’s a wnderful idea t srt garbage in an ec-friendly way.
Srting garbage can make ur campus cleaner and mre fascinating.
As fr the significance, we can benefit a lt undubtedly.
Our awareness f labur can be develped.
We will learn t cherish and respect the fruits f peple’s wrk.
在进行造句的时候一定要注意时态和语态上面的问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1. 文章的结构顺序：劳动周具体时间和地点；劳动周的活动内容；劳动周的实际意义。
2.表并列补充关系：What is mre, Besides, Mrever, Furthermre, In additin As well as, nt nly…but (als), including,
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰.
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。范文开头I feel extremely delighted t infrm yu that ur schl will hld sme relevant activities during the upcming Labur Week. 既使用了一个宾语从句，又开门见山的点出了写作的主题和目的。此外范文中形容词和副词用得特别好，比如extremely和definitely等，都能够表达出作者的情感。 还用到了非谓语结构Mrever, it’s a wnderful idea t srt garbage in an ec-friendly way, making ur campus cleaner and mre fascinating. 文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。