高考英语临考押题卷01（学生版）（北京专用）

这是一份高考英语临考押题卷01（学生版）（北京专用），共12页。
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）
注意事项：
1、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
2、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was in sixth grade, I jined the band prgram t learn t play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning f the year had gne 1 . But as mst students prgressed, I seemed t fall behind. One day, when my teacher tld us t play in frnt f the ther students, I was filled with fear. I knew I wuld 2 . When I began t play, my rhythms were gd, but my tne was anther stry. “Did yu practice yur lessn?” the teacher barked at me. I felt s ashamed and my wrld came 3 dwn in an instant.
Frm then n, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting wrse. With the day f the new perfrmance appraching, I grew increasingly upset. In a mment f 4 , I asked fr sick leave. It was s relieving and such an easy way ut.
The avidance f my lessns cntinued until my mum asked me abut it. “I want t quit.” My tears started flwing. “If yu really want t quit, why are yu crying?” asked mum. She 5 and I realized I wanted t stay in band and, by nt facing my fears, I had created a black hle that wuld be difficult t 6 ut f. I made a reslutin nt t hide frm my fears and t stand up t even the wrst f them, s a slutin culd be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and tld her I was having a prblem and culdn’t 7 why. She asked me gently t play fr her. I tried, but nly an unpleasant sund came ut. She didn’t shut at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. T my great 8 I culd play well. My prblem was slved and my fear was remved a lt that year.
Lking back, I’m glad that I vercame my fear. Fear can 9 everything in a persn’s life. Hiding frm thse very fears nly creates a hle, which makes a persn stay 10 inside. After facing up t a fear, ne may find life easier and much mre enjyable.
1．A．badlyB．endlesslyC．randmlyD．smthly
2．A．mess upB．mve nC．set utD．take ff
3．A．crashingB．mvingC．sellingD．bending
4．A．jyB．panicC．dubtD．sympathy
5．A．had a pintB．made a changeC．reached a levelD．tk a break
6．A．sendB．bringC．pickD．climb
7．A．figure utB．give awayC．think verD．make up
8．A．angerB．srrwC．disappintmentD．surprise
9．A．cnsumeB．examineC．reflectD．rescue
10．A．unknwnB．unpunishedC．interestedD．trapped
第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当 的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指 定区域作答。
A
In everyday life, the questin f 11 we shuld think things thrugh r instead g with ur heart is a frequent and imprtant ne. Recent studies 12 (shw ) that even gathering just a little bit mre evidence may help us avid a majr mistake. Smetimes the mst imprtant decisin 13 we make can be t take sme mre time befre making a chice.
B
The cncept f the law f reversed effrt was defined by writer and philspher Aldus Huxley. He explained the 14 (hard) we try with the cnscius will t d smething, the less we shall succeed. Effrt 15 (becme)a paradx (悖论). It is like swimming against the current in a river. We can swim upstream, using all ur might 16 (fight) the rushing water and still nt get clse t where we need t be. Or we can let the current take us dwnstream and find a different spt t get ut f the water.
C
Faced with health r nutritin questins, it is 17 (increase) cmmn fr peple t g nline and diagnse themselves. But the Internet is full f cnflicting health warnings with n regulatin t remve the wrng advice, sme f 18 is extremely dangerus! Als, search engines rank results by ppularity rather than accuracy, s slid facts can be tricky t find. It is wrth examining whether the writer f an nline piece is prperly qualified 19 an expert. Remember, nly fficially 20 (recgnize) practicing dctrs as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical suggestins.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Part f STEM learning is seeing and ding, and then recrding and analyzing the results. But nt all nline r hmeschl prgrams are set up t accmmdate science experiments r ther STEM learning activities. Let’s take a lk at a few mind-blwing labs that can help bring STEM tpics alive fr yur child’s nline schl experience.Weather Labratries
T make learning abut weather accessible and fun, the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin (NOAA) created a lt f infrmative weather activities and virtual labs they recmmend fr students and educatrs. In fact, their weather science cntent fr kids features a Weather Lab applicatin that allws middle schl students t predict weather patterns, and learn what happens when cean currents and air masses interact.Simulatins (模拟) fr Science and Math
It is a prject f the University f Clrad Bulder and ne f the richest single databases f nline science interactives and virtual labs. Investigate mre than 150 physics, chemistry, math, bilgy, and Earth science tpics. Available in dzens f languages, the interactives are searchable by grade level, subject, and accessibility.Space Explratin Simulatins
The Natinal Aernautics and Space Administratin (NASA) features many STEM learning activities fr students in grades K-12. The interactive simulatins are als gamified and make learning engaging and fun fr yur child. The app allws users t explre the universe and unlck stries f trailblazing scientists and their cntributins t space explratin and science.
21．Wh are the intended readers?
A．Parents.B．Students.C．Teachers.D．Researchers.
22．What makes Simulatins fr Science and Math different frm the ther labs?
A．It cvers the mst subjects.B．It has a translatin centre.
C．It ffers gamified learning experiences.D．It prvides multiple tls fr recrding.
23．What d all the three labs have in cmmn?
A．They centre n prblem slving skills.
B．They facilitate advanced scientific research.
C．They prvide virtual scientific explratin.
D．They help students with STEM prjects frm schl.
B
I was in a tiny plane with skydivers in their 70s and 80s, and I was distracted.
The reprter in me was trying t remember everything: the preflight rituals (仪式); the jkes; the way the jumpers checked their instruments. The rest f me was fcused n the fact that in a few minutes, I wuld jump ut f a plane flying 12,500 feet abve the grund.
I was reprting n West Ways, a grup f skydivers in their late 50s t early 90s. The grup was started in 1987 by Ms. West and her husband, and members have jumped tgether abut nce a mnth ever since. This Sunday, they were celebrating their hliday party, which included a gift exchange and a 28-pint frmatin in free fall.
As we reached altitude, Mr. West went ver the jump frmatin nce mre befre leading the grup in a cheer fr my jump. It was time. One by ne they jumped. In the air, they grabbed hld f ne anther, frming the shape f a snwflake.
Then it was my turn. Mr. Diaz edged me frward. I tk a deep breath. And n the cunt f three, we leaped int free fall. I had never been s aware f my senses: I felt the cld air against my face and the wind pushing back my arms and legs. After a few secnds, I was able t lk arund. After a few minutes, we landed. The members f West Ways cheered and clapped me n the back as I tried t catch my breath.
Over the next six hurs, I interviewed them as they did tw mre jumps. (I stayed firmly n the grund.) I heard tales abut first kisses in free fall and parachuting (跳伞) int weddings. What struck me wasn’t the extrardinary physical accmplishment, but hw a lng-standing, active cmmunity ffers a way fr thse in it t age gracefully.
I dn’t knw whether I’ll skydive again. But I hpe that when I’m 80, I can regularly experience a suspensin f time with peple I’ve knwn fr decades, befre we parachute back dwn t earth.
24．What d we knw abut West Ways?
A．They make jumping a rutine.
B．They are well trained prfessinals.
C．They set an age limit t new members.
D．They are famus fr their diving patterns.
25．Why did the authr jin West Ways that day?
A．T celebrate a hliday.B．T try a sprt.
C．T care fr the elderly.D．T cver a stry.
26．What impressed the authr mst abut West Ways?
A．Their ptimistic attitude.B．Their lifelng bnd.
C．Their physical achievements.D．Their remarkable skills.
C
Generative Al Is Likely t Wrsen the E-Waste Crisis
Every time generative artificial intelligence drafts an e-mail r creates an image, the planet pays fr it. Making tw images can cnsume as much energy as charging a smartphne, a single exchange with ChatGPT can heat up a server s much that it requires a bttle's wrth f water t cl. By 2027, the glbal AI sectr culd annually cnsume as much electricity as the Netherlands. A study in Nature Cmputatinal Science identifies anther cncern? AI's cntributin t the munting heap f electrnic waste. Generative Al applicatins alne culd add 1.2 millin t 5 millin metric tns f e-waste by 2030.
This wuld add t the millins f tns f electrnic prducts: the glbe gets rid f annually. Cell phnes, cmputers, and ther digital prducts ften cntain mercury (汞) lead, r ther txins. If thrwn away imprperly, they can cntaminate air, water, and sil. In 2022, the UN fund that abut 78% f the wrld's e-waste ended up in landfills r unfficial recycling sites, where labrers risk their health t cllect rare metals.
AI rapidly cnsumes physical data strage devices and high-perfrmance cmpnents which last nly tw t five years but are replaced quickly as newer versins emerge. Asaf Tzachr, a researcher at Reichman University, emphasizes the imprtance f mnitring
and reducing AI's envirnmental impacts.
Tzachr's study examined the vlume f hardware used fr large language mdels and its lifespan. It predicts that the adptin f generative Al culd increase e-waste, althugh hardware innvatins might help reduce this. Meanwhile, technlgical advances culd make Al system mre accessible, increasing their use.
This study's main cntributin is highlighting AI's envirnmental cnsequences. Researchers like Shalei Ren frm UC Riverside suggest that Al cmpanies shuld slw their pace t minimize these effects.
Currently, few cuntries have strict e-waste dispsal laws. In the U.S., there's n federal requirement fr recycling electrnics, althugh sme states have plicies. A new bill, the Artificial Intelligence Envirnmental Impacts Act f 2024, aims t address AI's envirnmental impact but lacks cmpulsry reprting frm cmpanies. Micrsft and Ggle, hwever, have cmmitted t reaching net-zer waste and emissins by 2030.
T limit e-waste, cmpanies can extend the life f their servers thrugh" regular maintenance r repurpse ld hardware, which can reduce waste by 42%. Mre efficient design culd cut the demand fr hardware and energy, ptentially reducing e-waste by 86%.
27．The phrase “the munting heap” underlined in Paragraph 1 prbably means_______？
A．grwing amunt.B．effective recycling.C．fast cnsumptin.D．practical applicatin.
28．Accrding t Asaf Tzachr, _______is likely t cntribute t the grwth f AI-related e-waste.
A．the use f the rare metals.
B．the imprvement in language mdels.
C．the increasing accessibility f Al technlgy.
D．the reductin in the number f hardware cmpnents.
29．What is implied abut the U.S, federal law n e-waste management?
A．It is inadequate due t the lack f enfrcement.
B．It is effective in ensuring prper dispsal f e-waste.
C．It has recently been updated t include Al regulatins.
D．It frces cmpanies t reprt their e-waste dispsal practices.
30．What is the authr's purpse in writing this article?
A．T shwcase AI's ptential fr reducing e-waste.
B．T explain the mechanisms behind Al technlgy.
C．T highlight the urgency f reducing AI's envirnmental impact.
D．T analyze the pssibilities f lessening AI's envirnmental ftprint.
D
We humans have a natural tendency t exaggerate ur psitive qualities, and cmpare urselves favrably with thers, which is called “self-enhancement effect”. Famusly, back in the 1980s, researchers shwed that up t 80 percent f mtrists cnsidered themselves t have abve-average driving skills. If yu’re a regular driver, yu have t knw that this cannt be true even if yu persist in believing it abut yurself.
One reasn fr this tendency is that it acts as prtectin against the mental pain that cmes frm negative cmparisns with thers. Neurscientists writing in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences in 2013 used fMRI and PET scans t shw that feeling superir t thers bsts dpamine (多巴胺) release, which in turn suppresses (抑制) activity in parts f the brain assciated with psychlgical discmfrt.
Hwever, althugh self-enhancement feels gd in the shrt term, it is nt a lng-term slutin t life’s prblems, Sner r later, yu’re bund t be cnfrnted with a painful adjustment t the truth. Fr instance, researchers writing in the Jurnal f Persnality and Scial Psychlgy shwed that when cllege, students held an verestimated view f their wn academic ability, it enhanced their md and psitive effect — that is, they enjyed happier feelings. But the illusin ( 幻觉) f superirity did nt translate int better academic perfrmance. In fact, the students tended t fail at their academic expectatins, and that in part led t lwer self-esteem ver the lng term.
One suggestin: Reframe yur imperfectins, nt as failings but as interesting puzzles t slve. If yu like puzzles, yu may have nticed that yu initially enjy the nes that are simple t crack, but quickly get bred and lk fr trickier alternatives. But if they’re t hard, yu simply grw frustrated. The zne f enjyment mves up as yu increase in skill and can tackle mre difficulty. Life’s challenges are like puzzles: A great deal f the present-day increase in unhappiness cmes frm the fact that when we use self-enhancement t avid the discmfrt f struggle, we unintentinally get stuck belw the zne f enjyment in the fascinating game f self-imprvement.
Yu dn’t need t make any imprvements, because yu’re perfect already? Hw bring!
31．What des the “self-enhancement effect” refer t?
A．The ability t ignre negative traits.B．The tendency t cmpare with thers.
C．The belief in ne’s superirity ver thers.D．The mtivatin t enhance inner qualities.
32．The ptential cnsequence f hlding a self-enhancement view is______.
A．temprary satisfactinB．bjective self-assessment
C．imprved scial cnnectinsD．lng-lasting academic success
33．What can we learn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．Playing games leads t lng term enjyment.
B．Pursuing simple slutins always keeps peple happy.
C．Regarding weaknesses as challenges can prmte persnal imprvement.
D．Cmparing neself favrably with thers bsts self-esteem permanently,
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It has lng been knwn that sleep als plays a significant rle in physical and emtinal health. Nw, researchers frm the University f Suth Australia have published a new study in the Jurnal f Neurscience. 34 This is gd news fr anyne wh wants t study a freign language.
Accrding t a blg n Everywhere English, there are tw phases that the brain cycles thrugh when sleeping. 35 During this phase, which usually happens abut an hur and a half after a persn has fallen asleep, brain activity is high and shws levels that are similar t when that persn is awake. This is when dreams ccur. In nn-REM sleep, brain activity is lw.
36 But in fact, the researchers frm the University f Suth Australia fund that just the ppsite is true.
Accrding t a University f Suth Australia press release, the researchers cnducted an experiment with 35 native English speakers. Half f the students learned the language in the mrning and then went n with their days. 37 This way the researchers culd recrd their brainwaves. Bth grups were tested n their knwledge in the mrning. The grup that had slept sn after they studied perfrmed significantly better than thse wh had nt.
“ 38 It’s an active, transfrmative state fr the brain,” Dr. Sctt Cusins, a researcher at the University f Suth Australia, said in the press release.
A．Sleep is nt just restful.
B．The first is called REM sleep.
C．Is sleep help yu learn language?
D．If yu are active, yu’ll have a gd memry.
E．It investigates the way sleep helps peple learn language.
F．But the ther half studied in the evening and then slept at the lab.
G．One may think that memry and learning are gained when the brain is active.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节 (共 4 小题； 第 40、41 题各 2 分， 第 42 题 3 分， 第 43 题 5 分， 共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
I vlunteered at LM Village Camp with Refugee Supprt fr five mnths and I just came back recently.
I dn’t knw hw t summarize the past several mnths. The refugees(难民)I gt t knw are unbelievably generus, warm and kind despite their hrrific circumstances. I was astunded that they had the emtinal capacity t give lve, and gestures f kindness t the vlunteers. On my last day at LM Village Camp, ne family called me ver t their hme t thank me and say gdbye. They insisted n giving me their first grwn cucumber frm the plants they were grwing frm the “Grw Yur Own” prject we helped them start.
“Chices” and “pprtunities” have been cruelly taken away frm these peple. If there is smething I have learned frm this, it’s t try t remind myself nt t take the chices and pprtunities I have fr my present and future fr granted. These refugees are currently pwerless t make any real chices abut their future, r even abut their daily painful life. Hwever, what I did witness at LM Village Camp was the residents’ ability t chse lve and genersity f heart. I am prud t have supprted these peple a little in their time f need. They truly gave me s much mre than I culd give them; I learned s much abut true selfless kindness.
Having vlunteered fr five mnths with Refugee Supprt, I have witnessed first-hand hw dnatins can prvide sme nrmality fr refugees’ life, prviding aid with dignity and respect, and ffering sme small daily chices. Yu dn’t have t vlunteer there t help them. Yu can help even at hme. Just dnate smething t them. It desn’t have t be smething expensive. Just dnate anything that yu think can help a refugee.
39．Hw did the authr find the refugees?(n mre than 5 wrds)

40．What des the underlined wrd “astunded” in Paragraph 2 mean?(1 wrd)

41．What did the authr lean frm the refugees’ experiences? (n mre than 10 wrds)

42．What did the authr appeal t readers t d finally? (n mre than 10 wrds)

43．Hw d yu feel abut the refugees after reading the text?(n mre than 20 wrds)

(20 分)
44.假定你是李华，想邀请你的新西兰朋友Kevin参加你校将要举行的“劳动周”相关活动。请给他写 封邮件，内容包括：
1.活动时间；
2. 活动内容（如：校园环境美化、校内垃圾分类等）；
3. 活动意义.
参考词汇：Labur Week劳动周
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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