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2026届中考英语二轮复习专题《词汇专项提升》练习
展开 这是一份2026届中考英语二轮复习专题《词汇专项提升》练习,共12页。
温馨提示:本试卷聚焦2023-2025年中考英语词汇核心考点,涵盖真题改编题与原创情境题,重点考查形近词辨析、短语动词、熟词生义及词汇语境应用能力。请认真审题,规范作答。
第一部分 单项选择(共30小题,每小题1分,满分30分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. (2025·浙江宁波)—The new plicy will ______ the develpment f the lcal turism industry.
—That’s great news fr the villagers.
A. affect B. effect C. affrd D. ffer
2. (原创·科技情境)With the ppularity f 5G technlgy, the ______ f data transmissin has been greatly imprved.
A. speed B. price C. place D. peace
3. (2024·广东深圳)—Culd yu please ______ me a hand with carrying the heavy bx?
—Sure, n prblem.
A. lend B. brrw C. keep D. make
4. (原创·环保主题)T reduce plastic pllutin, we shuld ______ the use f dispsable plastic bags and use reusable nes instead.
A. increase B. reduce C. raise D. rise
5. (2023·江苏南京)—What’s yur ______ abut the future f nline educatin?
—I think it will becme mre and mre ppular.
A. pinin B. decisin C. prmise D. purpse
6. (原创·校园生活)The schl ______ a new rule that students are nt allwed t use mbile phnes in class.
A. put ut B. put up C. put dwn D. put frward
7. (2025·山东青岛)—Why did yu ______ the meeting yesterday?
—Because I was ill and had t stay at hme.
A. miss B. lse C. catch D. hld
8. (原创·文化传承)During the Spring Festival, many families ______ red lanterns t celebrate the festival.
A. hang B. hide C. hld D. hit
9. (2024·湖北襄阳)—The little girl has a gd ______ fr music. She can sing many sngs perfectly.
—Yes, she will be a great singer in the future.
A. taste B. gift C. habit D. hbby
10. (原创·健康话题)Dctrs suggest that we shuld ______ a balanced diet and take mre exercise t keep healthy.
A. keep B. make C. d D. get
11. (2023·四川绵阳)—I can’t ______ the meaning f this wrd. Culd yu help me?
—Sure, yu can lk it up in the dictinary.
A. find ut B. lk ut C. take ut D. put ut
12. (原创·旅行体验)When we arrived at the scenic spt, we were ______ by the beautiful scenery.
A. surprised B. satisfied C. impressed D. interested
13. (2025·湖南株洲)—The price f this bk is t high. I can’t ______ it.
—Yu can buy a secnd-hand ne. It’s cheaper.
A. affrd B. pay C. spend D. cst
14. (原创·劳动教育)Students shuld ______ part in husewrk at hme t help their parents.
A. take B. make C. play D. d
15. (2024·福建厦门)—Hw lng have yu ______ this bike?
—Fr three years. It still wrks well.
A. bught B. had C. brrwed D. lent
16. (原创·科技生活)The smart watch can ______ the user’s heart rate and sleep quality.
A. check B. examine C. mnitr D. test
17. (2023·安徽芜湖)—The teacher ______ us t finish the hmewrk n time.
—We must fllw the teacher’s advice.
A. encurages B. hpes C. suggests D. makes
18. (原创·环保热点)The gvernment has taken many measures t ______ the envirnment frm being plluted.
A. prtect B. prevent C. prepare D. prvide
19. (2025·陕西宝鸡)—I ______ my keys at hme this mrning. I had t wait fr my parents t cme back.
—That’s really a bad experience.
A. frgt B. left C. lst D. missed
20. (原创·校园活动)Our schl will ______ a sprts meeting next mnth. All students are welcme t take part in it.
A. hld B. take C. make D. d
21. (2024·浙江嘉兴)—What’s the ______ between the tw wrds?
—They are synnyms but have different usages.
A. difference B. difficulty C. directin D. distance
22. (原创·文化渗透)Paper-cutting is a traditinal Chinese ______ with a lng histry.
A. art B. skill C. hbby D. habit
23. (2023·江苏无锡)—The cmpany will ______ a new prduct next year.
—I’m lking frward t it.
A. develp B. discver C. invent D. find
24. (原创·成长感悟)Failure is nt terrible. We shuld ______ frm ur mistakes and keep mving frward.
A. learn B. study C. knw D. understand
25. (2025·山东烟台)—Culd yu ______ me yur pen? I frgt t bring mine.
—Sure, here yu are.
A. brrw B. lend C. keep D. return
26. (原创·科技应用)AI technlgy has ______ ur daily life in many ways, making it mre cnvenient.
A. changed B. turned C. becme D. gt
27. (2024·湖北宜昌)—The mvie was s mving that it ______ many peple t tears.
—Yes, I cried t when I watched it.
A. made B. let C. mved D. gt
28. (原创·志愿服务)Many yung peple ______ their free time t vlunteer in the cmmunity.
A. spend B. take C. cst D. pay
29. (2023·四川德阳)—I dn’t knw hw t ______ this prblem. Can yu give me sme advice?
—Yu can ask yur teacher fr help.
A. deal with B. d with C. g with D. play with
30. (原创·热点话题)The ______ f renewable energy is imprtant fr slving the energy crisis.
A. develpment B. discvery C. inventin D. imprvement
第二部分 词汇填空(共20小题,每小题1分,满分20分)
A) 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
31. (2025·改编)The Internet makes it easy fr us t c______ with peple all ver the wrld.(cmmunicate)
32. (原创)We shuld try ur best t p______ the envirnment frm being plluted.(prtect)
33. (2024·改编)The little by has a gd m______ and he can remember many wrds quickly.(memry)
4. (原创)It’s imprtant fr us t keep a b______ diet t stay healthy.(balanced)
35. (2023·改编)The teacher ften e______ us t study hard and never give up.(encurages)
36. (原创)With the d______ f science and technlgy, ur life is becming better and better.(develpment)
37. (2025·改编)The film is s e______ that all the audience are excited.(exciting)
38. (原创)We shuld learn t s______ ur happiness with thers.(share)
39. (2024·改编)It’s necessary fr us t learn sme basic life s______ t take care f urselves.(skills)
40. (原创)The Spring Festival is ne f the mst imprtant t______ festivals in China.(traditinal)
B) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
41. (2025·改编)The little girl is very ______ (interest) in painting. She paints every day.(interested)
42. (原创)We shuld try ur best t help the ______ (able) peple in ur cmmunity.(disabled)
43. (2024·改编)The ______ (develp) f the city is very fast. Many tall buildings have been built.(develpment)
44. (原创)It’s ______ (danger) t play with fire. We must keep away frm it.(dangerus)
45. (2023·改编)The teacher asked us t write a ______ (describe) f ur hmetwn.(descriptin)
46. (原创)He is a ______ (success) businessman. He has created many jbs fr peple.(successful)
47. (2025·改编)We shuld speak t the elderly ______ (plite).(plitely)
48. (原创)The ______ (envirnment) prblem is becming mre and mre serius. We must pay attentin t it.(envirnmental)
49. (2024·改编)She is a ______ (care) girl. She always makes mistakes in her hmewrk.(careless)
50. (原创)The ______ (happy) n her face shws that she has passed the exam.(happiness)
第三部分 短文填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面两篇短文,根据短文内容及首字母提示,在空白处填入一个适当的单词,使短文完整、通顺。
(2025·改编·文化传承)
Chinese tea culture has a lng histry f ver 4,000 years. Tea is ne f the mst imprtant d______ in China. Peple frm different parts f China have different ways f drinking tea.
In the nrthern part f China, peple like drinking jasmine tea (茉莉花茶). They usually put sme tea leaves in a cup and p______ ht water int it. Then they wait fr a few minutes befre drinking. In the suthern part, especially in Fujian and Guangdng, peple are fnd f Gngfu tea (功夫茶). Gngfu tea requires s______ skills and patience. The tea sets are small and exquisite (精致的). Making Gngfu tea is a kind f art.
Tea is nt nly a drink but als a part f Chinese c______. It is ften used in scial activities. When friends r relatives cme t visit, the hst will ffer them tea t shw welcme. In additin, tea has many h______ benefits. It can help peple relax and imprve their sleep quality.
Nwadays, Chinese tea is becming mre and mre ppular arund the wrld. Many freigners are interested in Chinese tea culture and begin t learn hw t make and drink tea. We shuld try ur best t pass dwn this traditinal culture.
(原创·科技生活)
With the rapid develpment f technlgy, smart hmes have becme mre and mre cmmn in ur daily life. A smart hme is a hme that uses internet-cnnected devices t cntrl varius husehld a______.
One f the main advantages f a smart hme is cnvenience. Yu can cntrl the lights, air cnditiner and even the ven thrugh yur mbile phne w______ yu are nt at hme. Fr example, if yu frget t turn ff the lights when yu leave, yu just need t pen an app and click a buttn. This nt nly saves e______ but als ensures hme safety.
Anther advantage is that smart hmes can prvide better care fr the elderly and the disabled. Sme smart devices can mnitr their health cnditins and send a______ t their family members if there is an emergency. In additin, smart hmes can als help peple save time. Fr instance, a smart rbt can help with husewrk such as cleaning the flr and washing dishes.
Hwever, there are als sme challenges fr smart hmes. The mst imprtant ne is s______. Hackers may break int the system and steal persnal infrmatin. Therefre, we need t take measures t prtect ur privacy when using smart hme devices.
第四部分 书面表达(满分20分)
假设你是李华,你的英国笔友David来信询问你关于中国传统节日——端午节的情况,并希望你推荐一些与端午节相关的词汇和表达方式。请你根据以下提示给他写一封回信:
1. 简要介绍端午节的时间和由来;
2. 推荐3-5个与端午节相关的核心词汇及对应的英文表达,并说明其含义;
3. 邀请他来中国体验端午节。
要求:1. 词数100-120;2. 语句通顺,语法正确,条理清晰;3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
参考答案与解析
第一部分 单项选择
1. A 解析:考查形近词辨析。affect(动词,影响)、effect(名词,影响)、affrd(承担得起)、ffer(提供)。此处缺少动词,结合语境“新政策将影响当地旅游业发展”,故选A。(2025·浙江宁波真题,考查形近词的词性与词义辨析)
2. A 解析:考查名词辨析。speed(速度)、price(价格)、place(地方)、peace(和平)。结合5G技术语境,此处指“数据传输速度大幅提升”,故选A。(原创题,结合科技热点考查名词语境应用)
3. A 解析:考查动词辨析。lend sb. a hand(帮某人一把)是固定搭配;brrw(借入)、keep(保持)、make(制作)均无此搭配,故选A。(2024·广东深圳真题,考查固定短语中的动词辨析)
4. B 解析:考查动词辨析。increase(增加)、reduce(减少)、raise(提高,及物)、rise(上升,不及物)。结合环保语境“减少一次性塑料袋使用”,故选B。(原创题,结合环保主题考查动词词义辨析)
5. A 解析:考查名词辨析。pinin(观点)、decisin(决定)、prmise(承诺)、purpse(目的)。根据答语“我认为它会越来越流行”,可知此处问“对在线教育未来的观点”,故选A。(2023·江苏南京真题,考查名词的语境匹配)
6. D 解析:考查短语动词辨析。put ut(扑灭)、put up(张贴)、put dwn(放下)、put frward(提出)。结合语境“学校提出新规定”,故选D。(原创题,结合校园生活考查短语动词)
7. A 解析:考查动词辨析。miss(错过)、lse(丢失)、catch(抓住)、hld(举办)。根据答语“生病在家”,可知此处指“错过会议”,故选A。(2025·山东青岛真题,考查动词的语境辨析)
8. A 解析:考查动词辨析。hang(悬挂)、hide(隐藏)、hld(握住)、hit(击打)。结合春节语境“挂红灯笼”,故选A。(原创题,结合传统文化考查动词应用)
9. B 解析:考查名词辨析。taste(品味)、gift(天赋)、habit(习惯)、hbby(爱好)。根据“能完美唱很多歌”,可知此处指“音乐天赋”,故选B。(2024·湖北襄阳真题,考查名词的词义匹配)
10. A 解析:考查固定搭配。keep a balanced diet(保持均衡饮食)是固定短语,make/d/get均不与balanced diet搭配,故选A。(原创题,结合健康话题考查固定搭配)
11. A 解析:考查短语动词辨析。find ut(查明,弄清)、lk ut(小心)、take ut(取出)、put ut(扑灭)。结合语境“弄不懂单词意思”,故选A。(2023·四川绵阳真题,考查短语动词的语境应用)
12. C 解析:考查形容词辨析。surprised(惊讶的)、satisfied(满意的)、impressed(印象深刻的)、interested(感兴趣的)。be impressed by(被……印象深刻)符合语境“被美景打动”,故选C。(原创题,结合旅行场景考查形容词)
13. A 解析:考查动词辨析。affrd(承担得起,常与can’t搭配)、pay(支付,后接fr)、spend(花费,主语是人)、cst(花费,主语是物)。结合“价格太高”,可知此处指“买不起”,故选A。(2025·湖南株洲真题,考查动词的用法辨析)
14. A 解析:考查固定搭配。take part in(参加)是固定短语,其他动词无此搭配,故选A。(原创题,结合劳动教育考查固定短语)
15. B 解析:考查动词辨析。bught(买,短暂性动词)、had(拥有,持续性动词)、brrwed(借入,短暂性)、lent(借出,短暂性)。根据Hw lng可知,此处需用持续性动词,故选B。(2024·福建厦门真题,考查短暂性与持续性动词辨析)
16. C 解析:考查动词辨析。check(检查,侧重核对)、examine(检查,侧重详细检测)、mnitr(监测,持续关注)、test(测试,侧重验证)。结合智能手表功能“监测心率和睡眠质量”,故选C。(原创题,结合科技生活考查动词)
17. A 解析:考查动词辨析。encurages sb. t d sth.(鼓励某人做某事);hpes后接t d或that从句,不接sb. t d;suggests后接ding或that从句;makes sb. d sth.(让某人做某事)。结合句式结构,故选A。(2023·安徽芜湖真题,考查动词的用法搭配)
18. A 解析:考查固定搭配。(保护……免受……)是固定短语;(阻止……),结合语境“保护环境免受污染”,故选A。(原创题,结合环保热点考查固定搭配)
19. B 解析:考查动词辨析。leave sth. + 地点(把某物落在某地);frget后不接地点状语;lst(丢失)、missed(错过)。结合“早上把钥匙落在家”,故选B。(2025·陕西宝鸡真题,考查动词的语境辨析)
20. A 解析:考查动词辨析。hld(举办,后接会议、活动等)、take(拿)、make(制作)、d(做)。结合“举办运动会”,故选A。(原创题,结合校园活动考查动词)
21. A 解析:考查名词辨析。difference(差异)、difficulty(困难)、directin(方向)、distance(距离)。根据答语“同义词但用法不同”,可知此处问“两个词的差异”,故选A。(2024·浙江嘉兴真题,考查名词的语境匹配)
22. A 解析:考查名词辨析。art(艺术)、skill(技能)、hbby(爱好)、habit(习惯)。剪纸是传统民间艺术,故选A。(原创题,结合文化渗透考查名词)
23. A 解析:考查动词辨析。develp(研发,开发)、discver(发现,指发现已存在的事物)、invent(发明,指创造新事物)、find(找到)。结合“明年推出新产品”,可知此处指“研发”,故选A。(2023·江苏无锡真题,考查动词的词义辨析)
24. A 解析:考查固定搭配。learn frm mistakes(从错误中学习)是固定短语,其他动词无此搭配,故选A。(原创题,结合成长感悟考查固定短语)
25. B 解析:考查动词辨析。brrw(借入,从某人处借)、lend(借出,把某物借给某人)、keep(保留)、return(归还)。结合语境“能把你的笔借给我吗”,故选B。(2025·山东烟台真题,考查动词的方向辨析)
26. A 解析:考查动词辨析。changed(改变)、turned(转变,后接形容词)、becme(成为)、gt(得到)。结合语境“AI技术在很多方面改变了我们的生活”,故选A。(原创题,结合科技应用考查动词)
27. C 解析:考查动词辨析。made/let sb. d sth.(让某人做某事);mved sb. t tears(让某人感动得流泪)是固定搭配;gt无此用法。结合语境“电影感人至深”,故选C。(2024·湖北宜昌真题,考查动词的固定搭配)
28. A 解析:考查动词辨析。spend time (in) ding sth.(花费时间做某事);take常用it作形式主语;cst主语是物;pay后接fr。结合句式“______ their free time t vlunteer”,故选A。(原创题,结合志愿服务考查动词用法)
29. A 解析:考查短语动词辨析。deal with(处理,与hw搭配);d with(处理,与what搭配);g with(伴随);play with(玩耍)。结合hw,故选A。(2023·四川德阳真题,考查短语动词的搭配辨析)
30. A 解析:考查名词辨析。develpment(发展)、discvery(发现)、inventin(发明)、imprvement(改进)。结合语境“可再生能源的发展对解决能源危机很重要”,故选A。(原创题,结合热点话题考查名词)
第二部分 词汇填空
A) 31. cmmunicate 解析:考查动词。句意:互联网让我们容易与世界各地的人交流。cmmunicate with(与……交流)是固定搭配。(2025改编题,考查固定短语中的核心词)
32. prtect 解析:考查动词。句意:我们应该尽力保护环境免受污染。(保护……免受……)是固定短语。(原创题,结合环保主题考查核心词)
33. memry 解析:考查名词。句意:这个小男孩记忆力很好,能快速记住很多单词。gd memry(好记忆力)符合语境。(2024改编题,考查名词的语境应用)
34. balanced 解析:考查形容词。句意:保持均衡饮食对我们保持健康很重要。balanced diet(均衡饮食)是固定搭配。(原创题,结合健康话题考查形容词)
35. encurages 解析:考查动词。句意:老师经常鼓励我们努力学习,永不放弃。encurage sb. t d sth.(鼓励某人做某事),主语the teacher是第三人称单数,故用encurages。(2023改编题,考查动词的时态与主谓一致)
36. develpment 解析:考查名词。句意:随着科技的发展,我们的生活变得越来越好。the develpment f(……的发展)是固定表达。(原创题,结合科技发展考查名词)
37. exciting 解析:考查形容词。句意:这部电影如此令人兴奋,所有观众都很激动。exciting(令人兴奋的)修饰物,符合语境。(2025改编题,考查-ing形容词的用法)
38. share 解析:考查动词。句意:我们应该学会与他人分享快乐。share sth. with sb.(与某人分享某物)是固定搭配。(原创题,考查固定短语中的核心词)
39. skills 解析:考查名词复数。句意:我们有必要学习一些基本的生活技能来照顾自己。life skills(生活技能),sme后接复数形式。(2024改编题,考查名词的复数形式)
40. traditinal 解析:考查形容词。句意:春节是中国最重要的传统节日之一。traditinal(传统的)修饰名词festivals,符合语境。(原创题,结合传统文化考查形容词)
B) 41. interested 解析:考查形容词。be interested in(对……感兴趣)是固定搭配,interested修饰人。(2025改编题,考查-ed形容词的用法)
42. disabled 解析:考查形容词。the disabled(残疾人)是固定表达,disabled(残疾的)作定语修饰peple。(原创题,考查形容词的特殊用法)
43. develpment 解析:考查名词。the develpment f the city(城市的发展),develp的名词形式是develpment。(2024改编题,考查动词变名词)
44. dangerus 解析:考查形容词。It’s dangerus t d sth.(做某事很危险),danger的形容词形式是dangerus。(原创题,考查名词变形容词)
45. descriptin 解析:考查名词。a descriptin f(……的描述),describe的名词形式是descriptin。(2023改编题,考查动词变名词)
46. successful 解析:考查形容词。a successful businessman(一位成功的商人),success的形容词形式是successful,修饰名词businessman。(原创题,考查名词变形容词)
47. plitely 解析:考查副词。speak plitely(礼貌地说话),plite的副词形式是plitely,修饰动词speak。(2025改编题,考查形容词变副词)
48. envirnmental 解析:考查形容词。envirnmental prblem(环境问题),envirnment的形容词形式是envirnmental,修饰名词prblem。(原创题,考查名词变形容词)
49. careless 解析:考查形容词。根据“总是犯错误”,可知此处指“粗心的女孩”,care的反义词是careless(粗心的)。(2024改编题,考查形容词的反义词)
50. happiness 解析:考查名词。the happiness n her face(她脸上的快乐),happy的名词形式是happiness,作主语。(原创题,考查形容词变名词)
第三部分 短文填空
(2025改编题·文化传承)
51. drinks 解析:考查名词复数。句意:茶是中国最重要的饮品之一。ne f后接复数名词,drink作“饮品”讲时是可数名词,故填drinks。
52. pur 解析:考查动词。句意:他们通常把一些茶叶放进杯子里,然后倒入热水。(把……倒入……),and连接并列谓语,put是原形,故pur也用原形。
53. special 解析:考查形容词。句意:功夫茶需要特殊的技能和耐心。special(特殊的)修饰名词skills,符合语境。
54. culture 解析:考查名词。句意:茶不仅是一种饮品,也是中国文化的一部分。culture(文化),符合语境。
55. healthy 解析:考查形容词。句意:此外,茶有很多健康益处。healthy(健康的)修饰名词benefits,符合语境。
(原创题·科技生活)
56. appliances 解析:考查名词复数。句意:智能家居是使用联网设备控制各种家用电器的家庭。husehld appliances(家用电器),varius后接复数形式。
57. when 解析:考查连词。句意:当你不在家时,你可以通过手机控制灯、空调甚至烤箱。when(当……时)引导时间状语从句,符合语境。
58. energy 解析:考查名词。句意:这不仅节约能源,还能确保家庭安全。save energy(节约能源),energy是不可数名词。
59. alerts 解析:考查名词复数。句意:一些智能设备可以监测他们的健康状况,并在紧急情况下向家人发送警报。alert(警报)是可数名词,此处用复数形式。
60. security 解析:考查名词。句意:最重要的是安全问题。security(安全),符合语境,与后文“黑客入侵”呼应。
第四部分 书面表达
参考范文:
Dear David,
I’m glad t receive yur letter. Yu asked abut the Dragn Bat Festival, and I’d like t share sme infrmatin with yu.
The Dragn Bat Festival falls n the fifth day f the fifth lunar mnth. It is t hnr the great pet Qu Yuan. Here are sme cre wrds related t it: first, "zngzi" (glutinus rice dumplings), a traditinal fd eaten during the festival; secnd, "dragn bat race" (a bat race with dragn-shaped bats); third, "calamus" (a plant used t drive away insects).
I sincerely invite yu t cme t China t experience the Dragn Bat Festival. Yu can taste zngzi and watch exciting dragn bat races.
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
评分标准:
1. 内容完整(5分):涵盖端午节的时间、由来、3-5个核心词汇及英文表达、邀请体验,要点无遗漏。
2. 词汇应用(5分):推荐的词汇准确,英文表达正确,词汇运用恰当、丰富。
3. 语法正确(4分):时态、语态、句式运用准确,无明显语法错误。
4. 语句通顺(4分):上下文连贯,逻辑清晰,过渡自然。
5. 词数与格式(2分):词数100-120,格式正确,无拼写错误。
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