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（2024·广东广州·中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Shadw puppet play (皮影戏) has a histry f ver 2, 000 years. It is a t 1 art f telling stries.
Sam is a freign student, wh came t China last year. He fell in l 2 with shadw puppet play during a visit t a museum. He d 3 t learn this art because he thught it was a great way t tell stries f Chinese culture.
With the help f his Chinese friends, Sam built a shadw puppet play stage and made sme paper puppets. But learning t cntrl the puppets is nt e 4 . He spent hurs practising every day fr several mnths. S far, Sam has successfully put several f his vides nline and wn many fans. He wants t s 5 the beauty f this art with peple frm all ver the wrld.
【答案】1．(t)raditinal 2．(l)ve 3．(d)ecided 4．(e)asy 5．(s)hare
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位外国学生Sam在中国学习并推广皮影戏的经历。
1．句意：它是一种讲故事的传统艺术。根据“has a histry f ver 2,000 years”及首字母可知，皮影戏是一种传统艺术，traditinal“传统的”符合语境。故填(t)raditinal。
2．句意：他在参观博物馆时爱上了皮影戏。根据“fell in…with shadw puppet play”可知，Sam爱上了皮影戏，fall in lve with“爱上”，固定短语。故填(l)ve。
3．句意：他决定学习这门艺术因为他认为这是讲述中国文化故事的好方法。根据“He learn this art ”及首字母可知，应是决定学习皮影戏，decide“决定”符合语境，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)ecided。
4．句意：但是学习控制皮偶并不容易。根据“learning t cntrl the puppets is nt…”和“He spent hurs practising every day fr several mnths”可知，控制皮偶并不容易，easy“容易的”符合语境，形容词作表语。故填(e)asy。
5．句意：他想与全世界的人分享这门艺术的美。根据“ beauty f this art with peple frm all ver the wrld”及首字母可知，Sam想分享皮影戏的美，share“分享”符合语境；want t d sth“想要做某事”。故填(s)hare。
（2023·广东广州·中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。
Tday is Duanwu Jie, r Dragn Bat Festival, ne f the mst imprtant festivals in China. Chinese peple r 1 the great patritic pet (爱国诗人) Qu Yuan by rwing dragn bats and making zngzi n this day.
My village is famus fr its great prtectin f traditinal c 2 and we have the best dragn bat race team f the city. Every year, villagers raise ur dragn bats frm under the river abut a mnth befre the festival. And then it is c 3 cleaned and repainted. Our dragn bat is already 40 years ld. Made f a special kind f wd, it is still strng enugh t l 4 fr a lng time.
This year, my elder brther is accepted int ur dragn bat race team as its yungest member. He’s nly 18, and I’m s p 5 f him.
【答案】1．(r)emember 2．(c)ulture/(c)ustms 3．(c)arefully/(c)mpletely/(c)autiusly 4．(l)ast 5．(p)rud
【导语】本文主要介绍了端午节的庆祝活动以及作者村庄每年都会赛龙舟。
1．句意：中国人民在这一天划龙舟、包粽子，纪念伟大的爱国诗人屈原。根据“great patritic pet (爱国诗人) QuYuan by rwing dragn bats and making zngzi n this day.”可知是指人们通过这些方式纪念屈原，remember“纪念”，是动词，此处是描述事实，应用一般现在时，主语是peple，动词用原形，故填(r)emember。
2．句意：我的村庄以其对传统文化/习俗/仪式的保护而闻名，我们有全市最好的龙舟队。根据“My village is famus fr its great prtectin f traditinal”和首字母可知，此处可以指传统文化也可以指传统习俗。culture“文化”，此处是不可数名词；custm“习俗”，此处名词用复数。故填(c)ulture/(c)ustms。
3．句意：然后仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。根据“Every year, villagers raise ur dragn bats frm under the river abut a mnth befre the festival.”可知每年端午节前一个月左右，村民们就会把龙舟从河底升起，结合首字母可知，然后应该是要仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。carefully“仔细地”，cmpletely“完全地”，cautiusly“小心地”，副词修饰动词。故填(c)arefully/(c)mpletely/(c)autiusly。
4．句意：它由一种特殊的木材制成，仍然足够坚固，可以使用很长时间。根据“Made f a special kind f wd”可知龙舟是由一种特殊的木材制成，很坚固，可以持续使用很长时间。last“持续”，动词，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填(l)ast。
5．句意：他才18岁，我为他感到骄傲。根据“This year, my elder brther is accepted int ur dragn bat race team as its yungest member”结合首字母可知，此处是固定短语be prud f“为……感到自豪”，故填(p)rud。
（2022·广东广州·中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Dunhuang is a histric city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an imprtant c 1 f trade. As the Silk Rad develped, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway t the wrld. Here, different cultures met and influenced each ther. Peple frm f 2 cuntries did business and cmmunicated with the lcal peple.
If yu v 3 Dunhuang, yu will be able t see the Mga Caves（莫高窟）. If yu walk i 4 , yu will discver sme f the wnderful artwrks. There are ver 45,000 square metres f beautiful paintings n the cave walls, as well as thusands f statues.
Over the years, China has made great effrts t prtect the Mga Caves. Tday, yu can als find high-quality phts f the artwrks n the Internet. Peple all ver the wrld nw have a c 5 t see Dunhuang’s treasures nline.
【答案】1．(c)entre/(c)enter 2．(f)reign 3．(v)isit 4．(i)nside 5．(c)hance
【导语】本文讲述敦煌在古代是贸易中心，讲述在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，讲述现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的财宝。
1．句意：在古代，敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心。根据“an”可知用单数名词作表语。根据“As the Silk Rad develped, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway t the wrld”及首字母提示，可知，句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心，用名词“center”或“centre”。故填(c)entre/(c)enter。
2．句意：外国的人和当地的人经商和交流。名词“cuntries”前用形容词修饰，根据“different cultures”及首字母提示，可知句子表达外国的人，用形容词“freign”。故填(f)reign。
3．句意：如果你参观敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。这是“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。根据“yu will be able t see the Mga Caves”及首字母提示，可知句子表达参观敦煌，主语是“yu”，动词用“visit”。故填(v)isit。
4．句意：如果你走进去，你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。动词“walk”用副词修饰，根据“discver sme f the wnderful artwrks”及首字母提示，可知句子表达走进去，用“walk inside”。故填(i)nside。
5．句意：全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的财宝。动词“have”后缺宾语，根据“a”可知是单数名词。根据“t see Dunhuang’s treasures nline” 及首字母提示，可知句子表达有机会，用“have a chance t d”。故填(c)hance。
（2024·广东广州·二模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Once there was an ld man named Sai Weng. He kept many hrses.
One day, t his great s 1 , Sai Weng fund that ne f his lved hrses disappeared. The villagers, hearing the news, came t shw their pity. Hwever, Sai Weng replied, “Perhaps this is nt a bad thing.”
A few days later, the lst hrse suddenly r 2 with a wild stallin (千里驹) by its side. The villagers cngratulated Sai Weng n his gd luck. But nce again, he said, “Perhaps this is nt a gd thing.”
Sai Weng’s sn was s i 3 in riding the wild stallin that he ften rde it alng the cuntry rad in his free time. U 4 , he fell ff and hurt his leg badly. Once again, his neighburs came t cmfrt Sai Weng. But this time, he smiled and said, “Perhaps this is a lucky thing fr me.”
A year later, war brke ut in the cuntry. Mst yung men were called t fight, and they never came back. But Sai Weng’s sn, due t his brken leg, was spared frm the war.
In life, what seems l 5 a truble at first might turn ut t be gd.
【答案】1．(s)urprise 2．(r)eturned 3．(i)nterested 4．(U)nfrtunately 5．(l)ike
【导语】本文主要讲述了“塞翁失马”的故事。
1．句意：有一天，令他非常惊讶的是，赛翁发现他的一匹心爱的马不见了。根据首字母提示及“Sai Weng fund that ne f his lved hrses disappeared.”可知，他的一匹心爱的马不见了，这是令他惊讶的。t ne’s surprise为固定短语，表示“令某人惊讶的是”。故填(s)urprise。
2．句意：几天后，丢失的马突然带着一匹野马回来了。根据“A few days later, the lst hrse suddenly a wild stallin (千里驹) by its side.”及首字母提示可知，突然丢失的马又回来了，故空处指“回归”，其英文为return，因是讲故事，故时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填(r)eturned。
3．句意：赛翁的儿子对骑野马非常感兴趣，他经常在空闲时间沿着乡间小路骑马。根据首字母提示及“that he ften rde it alng the cuntry rad in his free time”可知，他的儿子对骑野马很感兴趣，be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，其中interested意为“感兴趣的”。故填(i)nterested。
4．句意：不幸的是，他摔了下来，腿受了重伤。根据首字母提示及“he fell ff and hurt his leg badly. ”，可知，空处指“不幸地”，需副词unfrtunately，修饰整个句子。故填(U)nfrtunately。
5．句意：在生活中，起初看似麻烦的事情可能会变成好事。根据“what truble at first might turn ut t be gd.”及首字母提示可知，空处指“像”，需介词like。故填(l)ike。
（2024·广东广州·二模）Tea riginates in China and it has a very lng histry. Tea culture plays an imprtant rle in China. It is a t 1 Chinese custm that a hst has t serve a visiting guest a cup f tea firstly when the guest enters his huse. In ancient times, peple were used t s 2 tea t the elderly in a family. During the Han Dynasty, tea was spread w 3 t further places thrugh the Silk Rad. There are varius k 4 f tea in different parts f China and each f them has its wn characteristics. Nwadays, a number f yung peple c 5 t drink tea because it is helpful t their bdies and sul.
In a wrd, tea reflects Chinese culture. Hpe all f yu can travel t China and learn mre abut Chinese culture.
【答案】1．(t)raditinal 2．(s)erving 3．(w)idely 4．(k)inds 5．(c)hse
【导语】本文主要讲述了茶在中国的起源和重要性，以及其在中国文化中的地位。
1．句意：客人进门时，主人必须先给客人倒上一杯茶，这是中国的传统习俗。根据“Chinese custm that a hst has t serve a visiting guest a cup f tea firstly when the guest enters his huse”可知，主人必须先给客人倒上一杯茶是中国的传统习俗，traditinal“传统的”，形容词作定语，故填(t)raditinal。
2．句意：在古代，人们习惯于为家里的老人奉茶。根据“In ancient times, peple were used t …tea t the elderly in a family.”可知，古代人们习惯于为家里的老人奉茶，serve“服务，端上”，be used t ding“习惯于做”，故填(s)erving。
3．句意：在汉代，茶通过丝绸之路被广泛传播到更远的地方。根据“further places thrugh the Silk Rad”可知，茶通过丝绸之路被广泛传播，widely“广泛地”，副词修饰实义动词，故填(w)idely。
4．句意：中国各地有各种各样的茶，每种茶都有自己的特点。根据“There are varius k…f tea in different parts f China and each f them has its wn characteristics.”可知，中国各地有各种各样的茶，varius kinds f“各种各样的”，故填(k)inds。
5．句意：如今，许多年轻人选择喝茶，因为它对他们的身体和精神有帮助。根据“because it is helpful t their bdies and sul”可知，因为茶对人有帮助，所以许多年轻人选择喝茶，chse“选择”，此处主语为名词复数，时态为一般现在时，使用动词原形，故填(c)hse。
（2024·宁夏银川·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的首字母已给出（每空一词）。
Qingming Festival is a Chinese hliday that has been celebrated in China fr centuries. It is nt nly ne f China’s 24 slar terms (节气) but a 1 a hliday fr peple t hnr lst family members. The name Qingming cmes frm the saying“Plants start t cme t life in a clear and bright way in early A 2 ”.
Chinese peple visit the tmbs (坟墓) f their ancestrs t shw their respect n that day. Families s 3 the tmbs and clean away the grass arund them. Then they put flwers, fd and drinks in frnt f the tmbs and burn Zhiqian (knwn as ghst mney in English). F 4 , they bw befre the tmbs, hping the ancestrs can bless and bring gd luck t them.
Anther traditinal custm is spring uting. Chinese peple prefer t take a w 5 in the cuntryside in such gd weather. It’s als a gd chice fr thse wh lead busy mdern lives t enjy the beauty f nature.
【答案】1．(a)ls 2．(A)pril 3．(s)weep 4．(F)inally 5．(w)alk
【导语】本文主要介绍了清明节的由来和风俗习惯。
1．句意：它不仅是中国二十四节气之一，也是人们纪念逝去亲人的节日。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处应用关联词组“nt als”来连接两个表示并列关系的成分，并且着重强调后者。故填(a)ls。
2．句意：清明这一名字源于一句话：“四月初，植物开始以一种清澈明亮的方式活跃起来”。根据句意和首字母大写提示可知，此空应为表示月份的单词，作时间状语。故填(A)pril。
3．句意：一家人打扫坟墓，清理周围的草地。根据“ away the grass arund them.”和首字母提示可知，清明节要打扫坟墓。故填(s)weep。
4．句意：最后，他们在坟墓前鞠躬，希望祖先能够保佑他们。本文第二段主要介绍了清明节扫描的三个步骤。根据“Then...”和首字母提示可知，此处应为最后的一步。故填(F)inally。
5．句意：中国人喜欢在这样好的天气里到乡村散步。根据“Anther traditinal custm is spring uting.”和首字母提示可知，清明节另一个习俗是春游，外出散步。故填(w)alk。
（2024·广东广州·一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
In Nvember 1979, pupils in England were able t watch a new TV prgram called Mnkey. Mst f them were hearing this stry fr the first time. Hwever, this stry is nt new t Chinese children. The Mnkey King r Sun Wukng is the m 1 character in the traditinal Chinese bk Jurney t the West.
The Mnkey King is nt just any nrmal mnkey. In fact, he smetimes des nt even lk like a mnkey! This is because he can make 72 c 2 t his shape and size, turning himself int different animals and bjects. But unless he can h 3 his tail, he cannt turn himself int a persn. T fight bad peple, the Mnkey King uses a magic stick. Smetimes he can make the stick s s 4 that he can keep it in his ear. At ther times, he is able t make it big and lng.
The Mnkey King has excited the children f China fr many years. And as sn as the TV prgram came ut mre than 30 years ag, Western children became interested in r 5 this stry because the clever Mnkey King keeps fighting t help the weak and never gives up.
【答案】1．(m)ain 2．(c)hanges 3．(h)ide 4．(s)mall 5．(r)eading
【导语】本文介绍了《西游记》中的主要角色——美猴王。介绍了美猴王的外观以及他一直努力帮助弱者，从不放弃的精神。
1．句意：孙悟空是中国传统名著《西游记》中的主角。根据“character in the traditinal Chinese bk Jurney t the West.”及首字母提示可知，这里指孙悟空是中国传统名著《西游记》中的主角，main character意为“主角”。故填(m)ain。
2．句意：这是因为他可以对自己的形状和大小进行72次改变，将自己变成不同的动物和物体。根据“t his shape and size, turning himself int different animals and bjects.”可知，这里指72般变化，change意为“变化”，这里用复数形式。故填(c)hanges。
3．句意：但除非他能隐藏自己的尾巴，否则他无法把自己变成一个人。根据“his tail,”及首字母提示可知，这里是把尾巴藏起来，hide意为“藏”，can后跟动词原形。故填(h)ide。
4．句意：有时他可以把金箍棒变得很小，这样他就可以把它放在耳朵里。根据“that he can keep it in his ear.”及首字母提示可知，这里是把金箍棒变得很小，small意为“小的”。故填(s)mall。
5．句意：30多年前，这个电视节目一出，西方孩子就对这个故事产生了兴趣，因为聪明的孙悟空一直在战斗，帮助弱者，从不放弃。根据“this stry”及首字母提示可知，这里是西方孩子对阅读这个故事产生了兴趣，read意为“阅读”，介词in后跟动名词。故填(r)eading。
（2024·广东广州·一模）根据下列篇章意思及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整的单词。（每空限填一词）
Islands are always changing their shapes. Smetimes yu can see the changes happening. But mst islands change very slwly, and it’s h 1 t see the differences.
Islands are nt just changing shapes. They’re als getting smaller and sinking. Why? Scientists say it’s because peple pllute the air by burning gas and cal fr cars and factries, cutting dwn rainfrests and ther things. This p 2 makes the Earth htter. The htter temperatures melt the ice at the Nrth and Suth Ples. W 3 frm this melting ice ges int the cean and raises the sea level.
But there is hpe. Scientists are trying t find ways t s 4 the sea level frm rising. Peple are helping by recycling, planting trees, driving l 5 , and nt wasting things. Tgether, we can keep the wrld’s islands frm disappearing.
【答案】1．(h)ard 2．(p)llutin 3．(W)ater 4．(s)tp 5．(l)ess
【导语】本文主要分析了岛屿变得越来越小的原因，并呼吁人们要保护环境。
1．句意：但大多数岛屿变化非常缓慢，很难看出差异。根据“But mst islands change very slwly”可知，变化得很缓慢，所以很难看出其中的区别，hard“困难的”，形容词作表语，故填(h)ard。
2．句意：这种污染使地球变得更热。此空缺少的是主语，结合“because peple pllute the air by burning gas and cal fr cars and factries, cutting dwn rainfrests and ther things.”可知，通过这些产生的污染让地球变得更热，pllutin“污染”，不可数名词，故填(p)llutin。
3．句意：融冰的水流入海洋，提高了海平面。根据“frm this melting ice ges int the cean and raises the sea level”可知，冰化成的水流入了海洋，water“水”，不可数名词，故填(W)ater。
4．句意：科学家们正试图找到阻止海平面上升的方法。根据“Scientists are trying t find ways t…the sea level frm rising”及首字母可知，是阻止海平面上升，stp…frm ding sth.“阻止……做某事”，动词不定式符号t后接动词原形，故填(s)tp。
5．句意：人们通过回收、植树、少开车和不浪费东西来提供帮助。根据“Peple are helping by recycling, planting trees, driving …, and nt wasting things.”可知，此处介绍人们减少污染的办法，少开车是其中一个方法，drive less“少开车”，故填(l)ess。
（2023·广东广州·二模）根据下面短文及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）
When living in the wrld, everyne needs friends. Friends can give us a lt f help and we can s 1 ur sadness and happiness with them.
T make friends, yu must be f 2 t thers. Smile at thers mre ften and yu are sure t get a smile in return. Yu shuld try t make a stranger feel at hme whenever he happens t be. Think mre f thers than f y 3 and never judge a persn by his r her lking r clthes. Friends shuld cmmunicate well instead f arguing with each ther. When yu dn’t agree with smene, please try t d 4 with him patiently. What’s mre, never believe in thse wh leave yu when yu are in t 5 . Remember, just as the ld saying ges, “A friend in need is a friend indeed”.
【答案】1．(s)hare 2．(f)riendly 3．(y)urself 4．(d)iscuss 5．(t)ruble
【导语】本文主要介绍了交朋友的方法。
1．句意：朋友可以给我们帮助，我们可以与他们分享我们的悲伤和快乐。根据“ur sadness and happiness with them”及首字母可知，可以跟朋友分享悲伤和快乐，share sth with sb“与某人分享某物”；情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(s)hare。
2．句意：要交朋友，你必须对别人友好。根据“Smile at thers and yu are sure t get a smile in return”及首字母可知，要对别人友好，be friendly t“对……友好”。故填(f)riendly。
3．句意：多为别人着想，不要以貌取人。根据“Think mre f thers than f...”以及首字母可知，要多考虑别人，而不是你自己，yurself“你自己”。故填(y)urself。
4．句意：当你不同意某人的意见时，请试着耐心地与他讨论。根据“When yu dn’t agree with smene,”可知，不同意对方意见，要耐心地与之讨论。discuss with sb表示“与某人讨论”；空前有不定式符号，其后跟动词原形。故填(d)iscuss。
5．句意：更重要的是，永远不要相信那些在你有困难时离开你的人。根据“Remember, just as the ld saying ges, ‘A friend in need is a friend indeed’.”以及首字母可知，此处指在困难时离开你的人，be in truble“处于困难中”。故填(t)ruble。
（2023·广东广州·二模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。
Sean has a prblem. He is always using his cell phne. He uses it when he is bred and when he is with friends. Als, he gets really a 1 when he desn’t have his phne r can’t check it.
Sean’s prblem is cell phne addictin (沉迷). It seems that sme yung peple are s 2 frm this serius prblem. Cell phne addictin is bad because it l 3 t ther prblems. Sme f them are s 4 frm study, pr sleep, and pr wrk at schl r the ffice.
Sme things might help with cell phne addictin. Fr example, dn’t take yur phne 5 when yu are having meals, studying r sleeping. Als, when yu have free time, d ther things. Read a bk r exercise actively, but dn’t use yur phne. Yur life will thank yu fr that.
【答案】1．(a)nxius 2．(s)uffering 3．(l)eads 4．(s)erius 5．()ccasinally
【导语】本文是一篇
1．句意：此外，当他没有手机或无法查看手机时，他会变得非常焦虑。根据“Sean’s prblem is cell phne addictin.”可知，Sean的问题是手机成瘾，所以没有手机时会焦虑。系动词get“变得”后加形容词，“焦虑的”anxius。故填(a)nxius。
2．句意：看来有些年轻人正遭受着这个严重问题的折磨。根据“Sean’s prblem is cell phne addictin (沉迷). It seems that sme yung peple are…frm this serius prblem.”和首字母可知，有些年轻人正受害于沉迷手机。suffer frm“受折磨、受害于”，are后加现在分词构成现在进行时，故填(s)uffering。
3．句意：手机成瘾很糟糕，因为它会导致其他问题。根据“Cell phne addictin is bad because it…t ther prblems.”和首字母可知，沉迷于手机会导致其他问题。lead t“导致”，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填(l)eads。
4．句意：其中一些问题很严重，是由于学习、睡眠不足以及在学校或办公室工作不力造成的。该句中them指prblems，be动词后加形容词，用“严重的”serius来修饰sme f them“其中一些问题”。故填(s)erius。
5．句意：有时候不要拿手机，比如在吃饭、学习或睡觉的时候。根据“when yu are having meals, studying r sleeping”可知，吃饭、学习、睡觉是生活中的一部分时间，所以是“有时候”，“有时候、偶尔”ccasinally。故填()ccasinally。
（2023·广东广州·一模）根据短文及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，并注意使用适当形式。（每空限填一词）
Each different part f China has its wn special frms f traditinal art. These usually try t shw the things that are imprtant in life, such as lve, beauty, and family.
Sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kngming. He sent them ut t ask fr help when in t 1 . Tday, sky lanterns are used at f 2 and ther celebratins. They are m 3 f bamb and cvered with paper. They are seen as bright symbls f happiness and gd wishes.
Paper cutting has been arund fr ver 1,500 years. Paper cutting sunds very easy but it can be d 4 t d. The paper, usually red, is cut with scissrs. The mst cmmn pictures are flwers, animals and things abut Chinese histry. They are put n windws, drs and walls as symbls f wishes fr gd l 5 and a happy new year.
【答案】1．(t)ruble 2．(f)estivals 3．(m)ade 4．(d)ifficult 5．(l)uck
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了孔明灯和剪纸。
1．句意：他放孔明灯来寻求帮助。根据“t ask fr help”可知，是在有麻烦的时候寻求帮助，in truble“处于麻烦中”。故填(t)ruble。
2．句意：现在孔明灯被用在节日和别的庆典中。根据下文“ther celebratins.”可知，和别的庆典并列的是节日。故填(f)estivals。
3．句意：它们是由竹子制成，上面覆盖纸。根据语境可知，此处描写孔明灯的制作，故可知此处应填“制作”，且they和make是被动关系，应用过去分词，和be动词are一起构成一般现在时被动语态。故填(m)ade。
4．句意：剪纸听起来很简单但是它也很难。根据“but”可知，前后为转折关系，easy对应difficult。故填(d)ifficult。
5．句意：他们被张贴在窗户上、门上和墙上，被当做希望好运和新年快乐的标志。根据“ a happy new year.”可知，剪纸象征着新年快乐和好运。故填(l)uck。
（2023·广东广州·一模）Peple lve sccer all ver the wrld. Nwadays, ur cuntry is taking a 1 t get sccer games t enter schls. Fr the activity “Sccer Enters Schl”, different peple have different pinins. Sme peple think this activity is gd fr students as it helps them cancel ut s 2 . In additin, it can help students d 3 the spirit f teamwrk. Especially fr sme students, they may have a chance t becme prfessinal sccer players and take part in i 4 sccer matches. Other peple think this activity may take up plenty f time f students. This can r 5 in sme prblems in study. Smetimes it’s dangerus because they may hurt themselves while playing sccer. It is true that every cin has tw sides.
【答案】1．(a)ctin 2．(s)tress 3．(d)evelp 4．(i)nternatinal 5．(r)esult
【导语】本文介绍了足球进入学校，对此不同的人有不同的看法。
1．句意：如今，我国正在采取行动，让足球运动进入学校。根据“Nwadays, ur cuntry is get sccer games t enter schls”和首字母可知，是指固定表达take actin“采取行动”，故填(a)ctin。
2．句意：有些人认为这项活动对学生有好处，因为它可以帮助他们消除压力。根据“Sme peple think this activity is gd fr students”可知，这项活动对学生有好处，帮助学生消除压力，stress“压力”，是不可数名词，故填(s)tress。
3．句意：此外，它可以帮助学生培养团队合作精神。根据“it can help spirit f teamwrk.”可知，是指培养团队合作精神。develp“发展”，动词，help sb d sth“帮助某人做某事”，故填(d)evelp。
4．句意：特别是对一些学生来说，他们可能有机会成为职业足球运动员，参加国际足球比赛。根据“becme prfessinal sccer players and take part matches”可知，职业足球运动员可以参加国际足球比赛。internatinal“国际的”，是形容词，故填(i)nternatinal。
5．句意：这可能会导致学习上的一些问题。根据“Other peple think this activity may take up plenty f time f students”可知，另一些人认为这项活动可能会占用学生大量的时间，可能会导致学习上的一些问题。result in“导致”，情态动词can后加动词原形。故填(r)esult。
（2023·广东广州·一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空只写一词。
Students in ur schl are free t chse sme special curses accrding t their i 1 . First f all, the ftball curse is the best c 2 if yu like playing ftball. When yu play ftball, yu can take regular exercise and build up yur bdy. At the same time, playing ftball can d 3 yur teamwrk spirit because yu can learn hw t help each ther. What’s mre, if yu like science, yu’d better chse mdel making curse. When yu make sme mdels, yu can l 4 mre abut the science. In my pinin, we shuld have a reading curse as well, because we can learn plenty f k 5 frm bks. If we read mre bks, we will becme mre pen-minded.
【答案】1．(i)nterest/(i)nterests 2．(c)hice 3．(d)evelp 4．(l)earn 5．(k)nwledge
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者所在学校的学生可以根据自己的兴趣爱好选择一些特殊课程。
1．句意：我们学校的学生可以根据自己的兴趣自由选择一些特殊的课程。根据下文“if yu like playing ftball ...”和“if yu like science ...”可知，此处指可以根据兴趣选择一些特殊的课程；interest“兴趣”，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。故填(i)nterest(s)。
2．句意：首先，如果你喜欢踢足球，足球课程是最好的选择。根据“if yu like playing ftball”及首字母可知，此处指足球课程是最好的选择；chice“选择”，符合语境。故填(c)hice。
3．句意：同时，踢足球可以培养你的团队精神，因为你可以学习如何互相帮助。根据“yu can learn hw t help each ther”可知，踢足球可以培养你的团队精神；develp“培养，发展”，符合语境；空前的“can”是情态动词，故此处用动词原形。故填(d)evelp。
4．句意：当你做一些模型时，你可以学到更多的科学知识。根据“When yu make sme mdels, yu can ... mre abut the science.”及首字母可知，此处指学到更多的科学知识；learn“学习”，符合语境；空前的“can”是情态动词，故此处用动词原形。故填(l)earn。
5．句意：在我看来，我们也应该有一个阅读课程，因为我们可以从书中学到很多知识。根据“we can learn plenty f ... frm bks”及首字母可知，此处指我们可以从书中学到很多知识；knwledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nwledge。
（2022·广东广州·二模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。
Men have wn mst f the Nbel Prizes in science in the past. But this year, we saw m 1 wmen winners than befre.
Jennifer Dudna frm the US and Emmanuelle Charpentier frm France shared the Nbel Prize in Chemistry. It’s the first time in histry fr tw wmen t win the prize withut having t share it with a man. At the same time, US astrnmer Andrea Ghez t 2 the furth wman t win a Nbel Prize in Physics. Its first female winner was Marie Curie (居里夫人) in 1903.
When h 3 that they were the sixth and seventh wmen in histry t win the Chemistry Prize, Charpentier said that she hpes girls and yung female scientists will “understand that nthing is i 4 .” They can “find great discveries” n matter what their gender (性别) is.
Ghez wh was awarded fr her research n black hles, had the same feeling. “I hpe t inspire (激励) mre yung wmen int the field,” Ghez said. She is als ne f the w 5 f the 2006 children’s bk Yu Can Be a Wman Astrnmer.
【答案】1．(m)re 2．(t)urned 3．(h)earing 4．(i)mpssible 5．(w)riters
【导语】本文介绍了过去大多数诺贝尔科学奖都是男性，但今年，我们看到更多的女性科学奖获得者。
1．句意：但今年，我们看到比以前更多的女性获奖者。由空后“ than befre”并结合字母提示可知，此处应填many的比较级mre“更多的”，修饰名词复数。故填(m)re。
2．句意：与此同时，美国天文学家Andrea Ghez 成为第四位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性。由语境并结合字母提示可知，句子时态是一般过去时，此处是指“成为第四位女性诺贝尔奖获得者”，应填turn的动词过去式turned“成为”，故填(t)urned。
3．句意：当听说她们是历史上第六位和第七位获得化学奖的女性时。根据“they were the sixth and seventh wmen in histry t win the Chemistry Prize”结合字母提示，这里是介绍“听说”的内容，主语和hear之间是主动关系，所以用“when ding sth.”在句中作伴随状语。故填(h)earing。
4．句意：Charpentier说，她希望女孩和年轻的女科学家“明白没有什么是不可能的”。结合女性获得诺贝尔奖和首字母提示可知，此处指“没什么是不可能的”，应填impssible作表语。故填(i)mpssible。
5．句意：她还是2006年儿童读物《你可以成为一名女天文学家》的作者之一。ne f +名词复数，表示“……之一”，由“the 2006 children’s bk Yu Can Be a Wman Astrnmer.”并结合字母提示可知，此处指书的作者，writer的复数是writers。故填(w)riters。
（2022·广东广州·三模）阅读短文，根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Weiqi, als called “g” in the wrld, was invented in China mre than 2,500 years ag. Learning it nt nly imprves peple’s lgical (逻辑的) thinking ability, but als d 1 their calm persnality. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Weiqi travelled t Japan, and the Eurpe in the 19th century. Nw it bas grwn int an imprtant internatinal cmpetitin event. S far, peple frm ver 40 c 2 have played it. Amng them, players frm China, Japan and Suth Krea have the highest level f Weiqi, s they usually get the gld m 3 .
Last February, the Chinese-English Dictinary f Weiqi Terms came ut in Beijing. It’s the f 4 prfessinal dictinary abut Weiqi in China. The dictinary will serve as a necessary tl and bridge t s 5 Weiqi culture. As a symbl f Chinese culture, Weiqi has a special language. It als has its wn way f thinking and the methd f cmmunicatin.
【答案】1．(d)evelps 2．(c)untries 3．(m)edal 4．(f)irst 5．(s)pread
【导语】本文主要介绍了围棋的发展，并且中国出版了一本《中英围棋术语辞典》。
1．句意：学习它不仅能提高人的逻辑思维能力，还能培养人冷静的性格。根据“but als calm persnality”以及首字母可知围棋能培养人的冷静性格，develp“培养”，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填(d)evelps。
2．句意：到目前为止，有超过40个国家的人玩过这款游戏。根据“peple frm ver 40”及首字母可知，此处指超过40个国家的人，cuntry“国家”，根据40可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填(c)untries。
3．句意：所以他们通常会获得金牌。根据“s they usually get the gld”及首字母可知，此处指金牌，英文表达为gld medal，故填(m)edal。
4．句意：这是中国第一部围棋专业词典。根据“the Chinese-English Dictinary f Weiqi Terms came ut in Beijing. It’s dictinary”以及首字母并结合常识可知这是第一部围棋专业词典，表示顺序用序数词first“第一”。故填(f)irst。
5．句意：词典将成为传播围棋文化的必要工具和桥梁。根据“The dictinary will serve as a necessary tl and bridge t”以及首字母可知词典的出版有利于传播围棋文化，动词不定式符号t后加动词原形spread“传播”。故填(s)pread。