2026年高考英语一轮复习：人教版选择性必修第一册各单元过关练习试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2026年高考英语一轮复习：人教版选择性必修第一册各单元过关练习试卷（含答案解析），共54页。试卷主要包含了Unit等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（时间：60 分钟分数：100 分）
班级： 姓名：
一、单句语法填空（共 20 小题，每小题 1 分，共 20 分）
1．The students return in Octber fr the start f the new(academy) year. 2．Since 2016 when the cmpany (fund), Chp Value has rescued billins f chpsticks frm landfills.
3．Derek is a plitician fully (cmmit) t the peace prcess.
4．The(remark) develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld，means there is
always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
5．Hwever, frm the study the authrs draw the(cnclude) that artificial
sweetener shuldn’t be used as a safe alternative t sugar.
It is (acknwledge) that the summit was a great success.
After an (analyse) f the species, the research team cnfirmed it as a new species.
8．The teacher asked the by t sumthe main ideas f this article.
9． (btain) her degree, she answered 81 questins n ver 10 papers. 10．If yu are (passin) abut smething, pursue it whatever anyne else thinks.
I knw he wrks fr a firm, and his main wrk is t make sure peple can
live in a secure envirnment．(secure)
Thesechildrenbehave ,syushuldn'tregardthemtbe abnrmal．(nrmal)
13．If yu want t imprve yur wrking , yu must learn t d everything efficiently frm nw n.(efficient)
14．We can't always cmbine wrk with pleasure, and the smetimes is hard t get．(cmbine)
15．We have every reasn t believe her reprt t be accurate, because she is always paying attentin t the f her wrk and ding her wrk accurately．(accurate) 16．Please tell us they arrive because we are in instant need f their help．(instant)
17．Nwadays few peple can resist the temptatin ( 诱 惑 ) f smartphnes, fr s many interesting things in them make anyne trying t be t them finally give up their resistance．(resist)
18．The man is always distant twards his neighburs, s his neighburs ften keep him at a ．(distant)
19．He prefers t surf the Internet rather than d anything else because playing cmputer games is his ．(prefer)
20．He ccupies an imprtant psitin in a cmpany, and is with all kinds f activities, s his ccupatin makes him feel fulfilled．(ccupy)
二、完成句子（每小题 3 分，共 15 分）
1.这辆车经过多年的使用后显示出了磨损的迹象。(wear and tear)
2.一听到这个消息，他难以抑制心中的兴奋，高兴地跳了起来。 (upn ding. . . )
3.明天你到的时候，我应该正在为老板写报告。
4.阅读期间, 你没必要每次一遇到生单词就查字典。(each time/every time)
5.不久他就会适应新的环境。（adapt）
三、语法专练（每小题 1 分，共 15 分）在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词。1．S I was shcked when, nt lng after the email, Prfessr Mary Devn, was running the prgramme, invited me t bserve the wrk being dne in her lab.
2．Sitting in Quanzhu City,the ancient Maritime Silk Rad started, it has sld like htcakes at hme and abrad since the Sng Dynasty.
3．He is said t be nt at hme, in case we shall nt g there.
4．Learning strategies, tteachers attach significance, haven’t drawn enugh attentin f students.
5．I made friends with Tm during his stay in Beijing, he was studying Chinese
in a university there.
6．The Amazn river, frmthe rainfrest gets its name, is clse t 6,400kilmeters in length.
7．He had thusands f students, many fgained great success in their wn
fields.
8．As an enthusiast f running, Jack(run) in the park at six ’clck tmrrw mrning.
9．In the nt-t-distant future, we(live) in smart hmes that will lck the
dr fr us when we are away.
10．At 6 ’ clck tmrrw afternn, we(practise) basketball skills. 11．I’m nt available at three ’clck this Saturday. I(wander) in the park with my daughter, which is a special time fr her.
12．There is s much wrk that I(stay) late at the ffice this evening. 13．I(watch) the pening ceremny this time the day after tmrrw. 14．—I have heard Mr Mrgan will be here at 4:00 pm next Thursday.
—N, he(bard) at that time.
15．—Hw abut ging sightseeing this Saturday afternn?
—Srry, I(write) my research reprt the whle weekend.
四、阅读理解（共 8 小题;每小题 2. 5 分,满分 20 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Daniel Brush, an astnishing wrker in gld, jewels and steel died n Nvember 2022, aged 75. Students frm a jewellery schl nce came t Brush’s studi, a lft in mid-Manhattan, awed t be meeting a figure wh, t them, was a wrker f miracles.
Fr 45 years in that lft, he had pursued his calling. His wife Olivia was the nly cmpany. He prduced hundreds f bjects f all srts, mst f them exquisite and many astnishingly small. Rather than use electricity, he labured alne in a frest f antique machines and when tls frustrated him he made his wn, displaying them in cupbards as art in themselves.
Abve all else, he wrked in gld. His bsessin tk fire when at 13 he saw an Etruscan gld bwl in the Victria and Albert Museum. The ancient technique f
applying gld beads as fine as sand-grains t a curved gld surface withut slder ( 焊接), was stunning, but s was the lightness f spirit.
He reslved then that he wuld make such a bwl, and gld became the study f his life. Simply t watch it melt, turn t red-ht and white-ht, then glw purple, was magical. T hld pure gld grain and let it mve slwly thrugh his fingers restred his calm f spirit. His chief mtivatin, he said, was t understand the material and, thrugh that, himself. He wndered why his heart had beaten s fast in the museum that day. Gld in particular had a message fr him. His cntact with this glrius metal might fcus all his attentin and help him t hear it.
He develped delicate craftsmanship, with each bject virtually a museum piece. Fr Daniel Brush, he lved the idea that ne might take a piece made by Brush ut f a pcket, let its beauty pass frm mind t mind, and smile. That t was what its maker was after.
1．What can we learn abut Daniel Brush?
A．Students visited him regularly. B．He began t live in his lft in 1975.
C．He tended t use ancient crafts t prduce bjects. D．Mst bjects he prduced were f a surprisingly small size.
2．What is the main reasn fr his lifelng study f gld?
A．He wanted t learn mre abut bth gld and himself. B．He wndered why his heart had beat fast in the museum.
C．His calm was restred when gld grain mved thrugh fingers. D．Gld had a particular message fr him and he was eager t hear it.
3．Which f the fllwing can best describe Daniel Brush?
A．Stubbrn.B．Wealthy. C．Dedicated.D．Lnely. 4．What des the authr try t emphasize in the last paragraph?
A．Brush’s valuable wrks. B．The admirers Brush expected. C．Brush’s desire fr fame. D．The artistic ideal Brush pursued.
B
Flying rast chickens, ht cffee, milk, and bread will drp frm the air int
Queensland backyards in a wrld-first drne delivery trial expected t start within weeks.
A cmpany called Wing made public its new Australian drne service, extending its reach frm an early trial in Canberra, making Australia the first cuntry in the wrld t use hme delivery drnes in tw areas.
James Ryan Burgess, the cmpany’s CEO, said the drne services were likely t extend int mre areas in the future, with the cuntry picked as a testbed fr drne services wrldwide.
Wing’s latest drne prject will see “tens f drnes” deliver gds t huses in Queensland. In its Early Flyer prgram, peple wuld be able t rder a number f gds, with drne delivery ffered free and within just minutes f placing an rder. Its Canberra recrd fr preparing and delivering a cffee std at just three minutes.
Mr. Burgess said the cmpany chse Queensland’s Lgan area because f its grwing ppulatin and a large number f yung families. But he said Wing wuld take t the skies in ther parts f Australia in the future as many Australians wanted t try the technlgy and safety regulatrs were pen t testing it.
“This will be the mst mdern drne delivery service in Australia but it’s als the best in the wrld,” he said. “Australia will always have ur mst mdern drne technlgy, and we will take what we learn in Australia and use it arund the wrld.”
Wing delivery drnes cmmnly fly at a height f 60m, Mr. Burgess said, culd carry up t 1.5kg f gds, and lwer packages t areas in frnt r backyards.
Civil Aviatin Safety Authrity spkesman Peter Gibsn said he hped the regulatr wuld allw Wing t fly its drnes in Lgan shrtly, as the cmpany had already shwn its technlgy was safe in Canberra trials ver the past tw years.
5．Why did Wing chse Queensland’s Lgan area?
A．There are many backyards there. B．Peple are pen t drne delivery.
C．An increasing number f yung peple live there. D．The ppulatin f Lgan is larger than that f thers.
6．What can we infer abut drne delivery service?
A．It is efficient and safe in Lgan.
B．The weight f delivered gds is limited. C．Wing has extended the service int many areas.
D．It is the mst mdern drne delivery service in the wrld.
7．What d Peter Gibsn’s wrds in the last paragraph shw?
A．His expectatin. B．His predictin.C．His Humr. D．His cncern.
8．What is the best title fr the text?
A．The Early Trial f Drne Delivery B．The Develpment f Drne Delivery C．Drnes are the Future f Fd Delivery
D．Lunch and Cffee Orders can Fly in the Sky
五、完形填空(共 15 个小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I knew nthing abut flwer arranging. My 1 was just t put all the stems int the vase until I culdn’t fit any mre in. As a result, the flwers appear
2and unbeautiful.
But then I saw vlgs by a Chinese flrist ( 花 商 ), wh prduces the 3 beautiful arrangements. First, he creates a structure fr the 4 using cut-ff lengths f stem. Then, he carefully inserts just the right stems, ne at a time, 5 leaves r greenery and cuts them t the 6 he wants, and finally — and this is where I am 7 — he cuts ff extra 8 n each stem t create a perfectly balanced whle, where each blssm has 9 t really shine.
I see where he’s ging, and I lve the result, but it 10 t cut ff beautiful flwers. But when I watch him, I think abut hw he’s s 11 . He edits. He desn’t just get everything in but cuts ff the extra s that what 12 really stands ut.
S, if yu are a persn wh lves 13 , yu may find that yu want t many gd things — this is just my style f flwer arrangement. Yu culd 14
a field full f chicken feathers. Therefre, we must learn t chse and 15 the right amunt f gd fr ur lives.
1．A．attitudeB．apprachC．serviceD．intrductin
2．A．clurlessB．meaninglessC．uncrwdedD．disrganized 3．A．cnfusingly B．discuraginglyC．astnishinglyD．shamingly 4．A．huseB．furnitureC．vaseD．md 5．A．addsB．cmparesC．strengthensD．makes 6．A．beautyB．shapeC．typeD．mdel 7．A．excitedB．amusedC．annyedD．surprised 8．A．branchesB．flwersC．leavesD．greenery 9．A．rmB．energyC．timeD．garden 10．A．hurtsB．helpsC．cstsD．matters 11．A．cruelB．successfulC．awfulD．prud 12．A．happensB．appealsC．remainsD．deserts 13．A．freedm B．nature C．adventure D．life 14．A．break away frmB．get dwn t C．run ut f D．end up with 15．A．edit B．abandn C．recrd D．mix
六、应用文写作（满分 15 分）
4．（24-25 高二上•江西宜春•阶段练习）你校英文报正在征集主题为“Scientific
Spirit”的稿件，请你选取科学家必备精神的一个方面，并结合某一个科学家的具体事例写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.科学精神；2.举例说明；3.你的感悟。
注意：1.词数 80 左右 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Scientific Spirit
When we talk abut scientific spirit, there are many aspects we shuld evaluate.
选择性必修一 Unit 3- Unit 4 单元过关练习试卷
（时间：60 分钟分数：100 分）
班级： 一、单句语法填空（每题 1 分，共 20 分）
姓名：
1．Charlie was frm driving fr tw years.(ban)
2．The children are playing n the (swing) in the park. 3．The idea f a free hliday is rather(appeal).
4．(expse) t great wrks f literature, in whatever frm, can encurage creativity.
5． (accmpany) by cheerful music, we began t dance.
6．Because there was n radi r televisin, peple in thse days had very few
(amuse) t chse frm.
7．As a by in the African natin f Uganda, he lst bth his parents and
(adpt) by an American wman.
8．The(fascinate) f the game lies in trying t guess what yur ppnent is thinking.
9．Cbby’s air travel decreased by 75% and she thught it was fairly
(reward), a really psitive change.
10．The president’s (attend) the meeting himself gave them a great deal f encuragement.
11．Much t his(embarrass), the captain made a duck in each innings.
12．My brther is a mst(distinguish) man — a great actr. 13．The gvernment will make a strict(assess) f the fd safety.
14．My sister had t cntinue her hmewrk after(cmplain) t my parents abut the nisy neighbrhd.
15．Schls play a rle in(scialize) children.
16．The newly-invented medicine will play a significant rle in(cure) the rare disease.
17．With limited resurces, the small museum had truble(cnserve) its
precius histrical paintings.
18．The machine can’t stand(expse) t heavy rain.
19．Embarrassed and (shame), I can’t cncentrate n anything. Please help！ 20．As we knw, recent years(witness) great changes taking place in China, particularly in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai.
二、完成句子（每题 3 分，共 15 分） 1．专家们提醒我们，无论忙碌还是空闲，都不应该用无意义的娱乐活动取代阅读。(remind; replace)
2．我们坚信过低碳生活有助于节约自然资源, 恢复生物多样性。(belief)
3．网络上催人奋进的故事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签，它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章。(label v.)
4.无论是对宇宙奥秘的渴望，还是对深海未知生物的好奇，人类从未停止过挑战自然边界。 (desire)
5．商场在搞促销活动，如不早点出发，很难找到停车位。(due t)
三、语法专练（每题 1.5 分，共 15 分）在空白处填入适当的单词。
1． (spend) time tgether in the garden can be a great way t exercise and have fun with yur pet.
2．Rse’s (cme) wn’t be f much help.
3．(laugh) at in public is what yu will never want t happen t yu. 4．It is n use(cmplain) the bad weather, s we had better figure ut a gd idea t get there n time.
5. There’s n(deny) that China has made great prgress in the past decades.
6．In thse days, sme students were used t(g) t bed late and
get up late as well.
7．Bth sides cmmitted themselves t(settle) the dispute peacefully.
8．If yu are a student, d devte yurself t (digest) yur teachers’ instructin until yu fully understand it.
9．The accident serves as a warning t all wilderness lvers abut the ptential
dangers that can lead t(bite) by pisnus insects in the wild.
10．When it cmes t(rate) restaurants, fd taste and service quality are tp
cnsideratins.
四、阅读理解（共 8 小题;每小题 2. 5 分,满分 20 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Banff Natinal Park is Canada’s firstbrn natinal park and was recgnized in 1885. Lcated in the Rcky Muntains f Alberta, Banff includes 6,641 square kilmeters f glaciers and ice fields, thick cniferus frest, and alpine(高山的)
scenery. The Icefields Park-way spreads frm Lake Luise, cnnecting t Jasper Natinal Park in the nrth. Prvincial frests and Yh Natinal Park are neighbrs t the west while Ktenay Natinal Park is situated t the suth. The main cmmercial center f the park is the twn f Banff, in the Bw River valley.
The Canadian Pacific Railway was cntributry in Banff’s early years, building the Banff Springs Htel and Chateau Lake Luise htel in the park and attracting turists thrugh widespread advertising. In the early 20th century, rads were built in Banff, at times by prisners f Wrld War I, and thrugh Great Depressin-era public wrks prjects, As Banff has ver three millin visitrs annually, the health f its eclgy has been endangered. In the mid-1990s, Parks Canada launched a tw-year study t preserve eclgical integrity.
Banff Natinal Park has a subarctic climate(副极地气候) with three ecregins.
The frests feature ldgeple pine at lwer heights and Engelmann spruce at higher nes belw the tree line, abve which are chiefly rcks and ice. Mammal(哺乳动物) species such as the grizzly bear, cugar, wlverine, mse and bighrn sheep are
fund alng with hundreds f bird species. Reptiles(爬行动物) are als fund but nly a restricted number f species have been recrded.
The muntains were frmed frm sedimentary rcks(沉积岩) which were pushed
east ver newer rck frmatins, between 80 and 55 millin years ag. Over the previus few millin years, glaciers have at times cvered mst f the park, but tday are fund nly n the muntainsides thugh they include the Clumbia Icefield, the
largest cntinuus glacial mass in the Rckies. Ersin(侵蚀) frm water and ice has
mlded the muntains int their existing shapes.
What can we infer abut Banff Natinal Park?
It was built mainly by prisners.
It is the ldest natinal park in Canada.
It is cnnected t three ther prvincial parks.
It failed t satisfy visitrs’ demand fr cmmercial activities.
What was a cntributin f the Canadian Pacific Railway?
Building rads in Banff.
Cnstructing htels in Banff.
Preserving the eclgy f Banff.
Prviding multiple railway lines t Banff.
What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
The bidiversity f Banff.
The limited knwledge f reptiles.
The cmplex climate system f Banff.
The mammals’ severe living cnditins.
B
Watching wildlife safely is the respnsibility f all park visitrs. When yu visit sme natinal parks, yu are entering animals' habitat. 4If nt, wildlife may face the fllwing serius risks when yu get clse enugh t interact with them: Cnsequences f Physical Cntact with Peple
Sme animals, frm bisn t birds. may be rejected by their parents if they have cntact with humans. _5In additin, wildlife can get injured when they try t
escape peple wh have gtten t clse, especially if they are near human structures r rads.
Fatal Diseases frm Peple and Pets
Our dmestic pets can als pse real dangers t the wildlife within parks. Bth pets and peple may have diseases that they can give t wildlife. Sadly, there are many examples f wildlife in parks dying frm diseases given t them by pets and
humans. Fr example, heartwrm frm cats can kill wildlife such as fxes, cytes, bbcats, and muntain lins. Black-fted ferrets die frm the flu if humans are sick
and get t clse. wildlife safe.
6S keeping yur pets vaccinated can keep them and
Dangers f Eating Human Fd and/r Trash (垃圾)
When visitrs intentinally r unintentinally feed wildlife, it has negative effects n the wildlife. Sme f the dangers t wildlife include shrter lives. The best way fr wildlife t have a healthy diet and live healthy lives is t search fr fd as they wuld naturally. Relying n human fd r trash left ut puts wildlife at risk.
7Animals becming used t and attracted t human fd will actively seek ut human fd. This in the wrst cases can make them dangerus. Grund squirrels can bite, deer have sharp antlers (鹿角), and bears can get int cars r tents
in search f fd. 8_It means they may be killed by park managers fr safety reasns.
It's imprtant t understand hw yur actins may affect the wildlife in parks.
When yu respect wildlife, yu help prtect park animals and yurself.
These animals must be remved.
Yu need t behave like a plite guest.
Wlves can be infected by virus frm dgs.
S it's best t resist the urge t pet and hld them.
Actually, sme f them may behave in a strange way.
Observing wildlife in their native habitat can be an educatinal and fun experience.
Learning t eat human fd can als change the way that wildlife interact with peple.
五、完形填空(共 15 个小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Language allws us t describe actins, qualities, and relatinships in bth real and imagined experiences. A key questin in linguistics is hw languages develped. Recent research suggests that icnicity — the cnnectin between frm and meaning
— may have played a crucial rle in the 1.
Peple can’t vercme language barriers and understand each ther withut icnicity. We ften use ur hands and bdies, 2 , t act ut meanings, shwing the sizes and shapes f bjects. The key t frming new symbls is the use f icnicity.
Nt limited t 3 , icnicity appears in visual cmmunicatin t. Traffic signs, fd packaging, and maps all use icnicity t make infrmatin easy t understand, regardless f the 4 .
Icnicity als exists in 5 . T explre this, researchers rganized a cntest where participants recrded sunds t express different meanings. These sunds culd nt cntain actual wrds r 6 expressins like “BOOM” fr an explsin. Listeners then tried t match the sunds t a set f written ptins, and the cntestant whse sunds were mst accurately 7 wn the cntest.
The results were surprising — listeners successfully identified the intended
8f the sunds. Yet, all the cntestants and listeners were English speakers. Thus, it was pssible that listeners’ success relied n 9cultural knwledge. T test if this phenmenn existed acrss 10, researchers cnducted a brader Internet survey, translating the experiment int 25 languages. Participants frm different linguistic backgrunds listened t the sunds and 11their
meanings frm six written ptins.
The findings shwed 12 accuracy levels acrss different language grups. English speakers had the highest accuracy rate at 74%, while Prtuguese speakers scred 34%. Thugh far frm perfect, these results were much higher than the expected chance rate f 8%.
These studies shw that ur capacity fr icnic cmmunicatin has played a fundamental rle in language 13 . Icnicity enables individuals t express meanings in ways that are nt 14 dependent n specific linguistic knwledge. Withut this 15 , language may never have develped int the cmplex system we have tday.
1．A．descriptinB．prcessC．interactinD．style
2．A．fr example B．in particularC．as a resultD．in ther wrds 3．A．gesturingB．frmatinC．understandingD．bjects 4．A．prfB．languageC．hintsD．explanatin 5．A．cmpetitins B．culturesC．labsD．sunds 6．A．carefully-chsenB．imaginary C．sund-imitating D．shcking 7．A．interpretedB．repeatedC．heardD．recrded 8．A．purpsesB．meaningsC．vlumeD．speed 9．A．sharedB．extensiveC．traditinalD．classic 10．A．situatinB．generatinsC．careersD．cultures 11．A．guessedB．clarifiedC．acquiredD．added 12．A．similarB．satisfactryC．varyingD．experimental 13．A．abilityB．evlutinC．acquisitinD．diversity 14．A．entirely B．rutinely C．vividly D．skillfully 15．A．knwledge B．ability C．awareness D．investigatin 六、应用文写作（满分 15 分）
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Ryan 想了解你在生活中使用肢体语言的情况。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.你的经历；2.你的感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为 80 个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
选择性必修一 综合练习
（时间：60 分钟分数：100 分）
班级： 姓名：
一、单句语法填空（每题 2 分，共 20 分）
1.T my pride , there cme millins f ( cmmitte ) cmmunists in China . 2.The key appraches t be used in test and ( evaluate ) have been prven right. primary server .
I hld the belief that this vluntary wrk will be ( benefit ) t me . cnference .
After a little gentle( persuade ), Lisa agreed t let us in .
This star is ( visin ) nly at sunset .
Spending the hlidays in Britain wan ' t a prspect that I fund particulatly
( appeal ).
( prduce ) different kinds f fertilizers , the wrkers further imprved their technique .
Three fficers narrwly escaped ( kill ) in the ht battle . 9.Yu' ll need t cnvince them yur enthusiasm fr the jb .
10.Travel frm r t Wuhan city shuld be ( prhibit ) befre the spread f the nvel crnavirus utbreak .
二、完成句子（每题 3 分，15 分）
1．作为一个科学家，他决定把他的一生奉献给科学研究。
As a scientist, he decided tscientific research.
2．Seek t understand the ther persn’s emtins, by(处于某人的
境地，设身处地) and lking at the situatin frm their perspective. 3．两个申请人都得到这份工作是不可能的，因为不是两个人都适合这份工作。It’s impssible fr bth the applicants t get the jb, because .
4．为了强身健体, 我们学校呼吁学生们每天至少留出一个小时来进行锻炼。
Our schlevery day t take exercise t build up ur health.
5．风猛刮着身侧的树，伴随着大雨，男孩们吓坏了。
The bys were struck with fear as the wind blew the trees n their side, .
三、阅读理解（共 8 小题;每小题 2. 5 分,满分 20 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Seeing terrr films is typically a harmless activity. But the fear it generates can cause the bdy’s fight-r-flight system-releasing chemicals int the bdy and causing a number f physilgical respnses.
Our bdy’s fear respnse is actually a fantastic tl fr survival in dangerus situatins because it kicks in fast, makes us full f energy, heightens ur fcus, strengthens ur muscles, and gets us ready t handle whatever is cming at us. It’s a built-in survival mechanism, which has been with us since ur ancient ancestrs. But even as it helped ur ancient ancestrs escape frm tigers and keeps us ut f harm tday, activating the bdy’s fear respnse isn’t always a gd thing. If it’s initiated t ften with cnstant stress r frequent jump scares, it can wear ur bdies dwn.
The bdy’s fear respnse, r fight-r-flight respnse, always begins in the amygdala — a part f the brain’s system that’s critical fr recgnizing threats and prcessing emtins. After it detects a threat, the amygdala sends a distress signal t a cmmand center in the brain, which tells the nervus system t release hrmnes and
neurtransmitters (荷尔蒙和神经递质). Research shws that these hrmnes and
neurtransmitters wrk tgether t quicken yur breathing and t make yur heart send xygen-rich bld faster t yur muscles and vital rgans. This prepares the muscles and brain t rapidly set up a threat respnse.
Indeed, when stress hrmnes are released t ften r fr lng perids f time, it can wear yur bdy dwn. In sme peple, it can lead t health issues like high bld pressure, heart prblems and digestive issues, because yur bdy is cnstantly in “high alarm mde”.
Anther cnsideratin is that ur immediate bilgical respnse t fear is the same whether we’re facing true danger — r smething that nly appears that way.
Overexpsure t jump scares can make yu less sensitive t fear. S peple wh enjy terrr films regularly might nt react as strngly t real danger because their brain gets used t these situatins.
Hw is paragraph 3 develped?
By listing data.B. By giving examples.
C. By defining and cmparing.D. By explaining and analyzing.
Which may be the result f watching terrr films frequently?
Getting tired f them.B. Ding gd t health.
C. Lsing interest in ther films.D. Being less sensitive t real danger.
Which might be the best title fr the text?
Effects f Fear n Brain and Bdy.B. Fight r Flight?
C. An Extreme Entertainment.D. Are Terrr Films Harmless? B
It’s n secret that life makes us anxius. Accrding t the Natinal Institute f Mental Health, an estimated 19% f U.S. adults have been diagnsed with an anxiety disrder. 4 A lack f in-persn cnnectin and interactin, time in nature and engagement in ur cmmunities is creating “digital anxiety.”
At the rt f mst anxiety disrders is a difficulty cping with uncertainty. It is manifested in symptms f excessive wrry and anxiety. Thse with generalized anxiety disrder might wrry abut their wn safety r that f a lved ne. 5 Digital anxiety, n the ther hand, is rted in ur use f technlgy and scial media habits. One example is the stress caused by negative interactins frm a scial media pst. There may be feelings f inadequacy, hpelessness and scial islatin.
Peple may als experience digital anxiety when separated frm their phnes. They might feel discnnected and wrry abut nt knwing f pssible threats like war r a natural catastrphe. 6
Faced with digital anxiety, hw can we reduce it? Here are a few recmmendatins t get yu started.
7Recrd hw ften yu’re engaged with screens and technlgy. Nte
the time f day yu’re mst likely t lg n and hw yu feel befre and after.
Accept that anxiety is a part f living. 8 Make a daily cmmitment t practice radical acceptance — the ability t accept reality withut judgment. That desn’t mean yu apprve f negative events and situatins. Rather, yu accept these circumstances as things yu might nt be able t change at this mment — r ever.
A．Limit yur scial media and screen time.
B．They fcus their attentin n specific gals. C．Be hnest with yurself abut yur digital habits.
D．Life is unpredictable and ften beynd yur cntrl.
E．Smetimes they miss ut n a scial event r lse tuch with friends. F．Or they may have persistent fears that smething bad is abut t happen.
G．Studies als shw that t much time n scial media is linked t greater anxiety.
四、完形填空(共 15 个小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 1666, Sir Isaac Newtn, bserved light entering a prism (三棱镜), and frm this experience he made a brilliant discvery abut light and clur; that white light is made up f a spectrum f several clurs. He was 1 with light, and believed that it had a clse relatinship t the cncept that the early mdern scientist knew as ‘the vegetable spirit’, which was an idea that Newtn cined.
Newtn was 2 awed ( 敬 畏 ) by the beauty and cmplexity f nature.
Over time, he cncluded that the massive variety f life and prcesses that ccur in nature, such as grwth and 3 , meant there must be sme 4 frce making it all happen. He believed that the ‘vegetable spirit’ was that 5 , and he thught it might be linked with the pwer f light.
T thse nly familiar with Newtn’s discveries in 6 and physics, the idea f the ‘vegetable spirit’ might seem 7 , and even pseud-scientific. Hwever, this idea was clsely 8 with a subject that he is nt very ften knwn fr studying, and yet spent a great amunt f his time devted t: alchemy. In
his lifetime, Newtn wrte arund ne millin wrds n alchemy (炼金术), which shws hw cmmitted he was t the 9. Thrugh his research int alchemy, Newtn hped t 10the secret f the ‘Vegetable spirit’, r the spirit f life.
Newtn was nt the first persn t turn t alchemy in rder t find what he was lking fr, and was in fact ne f the last in a lng line f alchemists wh sught t use the art fr the purpse f discvering the universe’s remarkable secrets.
The 11 f alchemy can be traced back 2,000 years befre Newtn t the ancient Egyptians and Greeks. In fact, the wrd ‘alchemy’ may be derived frm Khem, which was an Ancient Greek 12 fr Egypt. Even thugh alchemical traditin ften states that the 13 father f the practice was Hermes Trismegistus, it is very difficult t 14 the rt f alchemy t ne persn. On the ther hand, it is much mre likely that the first prt-alchemists were Egyptian metalwrkers, wh wuld have wrked with several different types f metal. It was gld that had the mst 15 , therefre many fcused their attentin n this precius metal. Dyers and medicine-makers were als linked t early alchemy.
1．A．satisfiedB．experienced
C．attracted
D．fascinated
2．A．cnstantlyB．casually
C．hardly
D．seemingly
3．A．develpment B．disappearance
C．death
D．peace
4．A．strugglingB．driving
C．leading
D．pulling
5．A．natureB．spirit
C．frce
D．pwer
6．A．mathematics B．science
C．spirit
D．nature
7．A．uncmfrtableB．strange
C．reasnable
D．bjective
8．A．relevantB．stuck
C．dealt
D．assciated
9．A．prblemB．practice
C．mystery
D．career
10．A．cmpleteB．hide
C．uncver
D．restre
11．A．secretsB．discverers
C．rigins
D．traditins
12．A．expertB．custm
C．term
D．subject
13．A．basicB．bilgical
C．imaginary
D．funding
14．A．tieB．shw
C．stick
D．invlve
15．A．ppularityB．valueC．amuntD．Usages
五、应用文写作（满分 15 分）
假如你是李华，学校论坛英文版想邀请你写一篇文章刊登在论坛上，介绍生态农业（rganic farming）的情况和人们对此不同的看法。
1、生态农业（rganic farming）的现状；2、生态农业（rganic farming）的利弊。注意：1. 词数 80 左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
六、读后续写（满分 25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An 80-year-ld man was sitting n the sfa in his huse alng with his 45-year-ld highly educated sn. Suddenly a crw (乌鸦) landed n their windw.
The father asked his sn, “What is this?” The sn replied, “It is a crw.” After a few minutes, the father asked his sn fr the secnd time, “What is this? The sn said, “Father, I tld yu just nw. It’s a crw.”
After a little while, the father asked his sn the same questin fr the third time, “What is this?” At this time, sme expressin f anger was felt in the sn’s tne when he said t his father. “It’s a crw, a crw.” A little while later, the father again asked his sn fr the furth time, “What is this?”
This time his sn shuted at his father, “Why d yu keep asking me the same questin again and again althugh I have tld yu s many times ‘IT IS A CROW’? Are yu nt able t understand this?”
A minute later the father went t his rm and came back with a diary, which he had kept since his sn was brn. On pening a page, he asked his sn t read that page: Tday my little sn aged three was sitting with me n the sfa when a crw suddenly landed n the windw. My sn asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied t him all 23 times that it was a crw. I hugged him lvingly each time he asked me the same
questin. I didn’t at all feel angry, but instead felt affectin fr my inncent sn.
Paragraph 1:
After reading the diary, the sn was filled with tears and began t reflect n the days when he used t sit tgether with his father.
Paragraph 2:
Feeling ashamed, the sn gt dwn n his knees befre his father.
选择性必修一 Unit 1-Unit 2 单元过关练习试卷答案
一、单句语法填空（每题 1 分，共 20 分）
1．academic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：学生们将于 10 月返校，迎接新学年的开始。形容词 academic (学业的)作定语，修饰名词 year。故填 academic。
2．was funded
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自 2016 年公司成立以来，ChpValue 已经从垃圾填埋场中拯救了数十亿双筷子。空处作 when 引导的从句的谓语，结合“2016”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，fund“创立， 成立”和主语 the cmpany 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be 动词应用 was。故填 was funded。
3．cmmitted
【详解】考查形容词。句意：Derek 是一位完全致力于和平进程的政治家。空处应填形容词作表语，cmmitted“尽心尽力的”，形容词，cmmitted t“致力于……” 是固定搭配。故填 cmmitted。
remarkable
【详解】考查形容词以及动词。句意：这个城市显著的发展，其在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总有一些新的事物等待发现。我可能在未来 50 年里都会在北京拍摄。第一个空处修饰名词 develpment 应用形容词， remarkable 意为“显著的”，符合题意。
5．cnclusin
【详解】考查名词。句意：然而，从这项研究中，作者得出结论，人工甜味剂不应该被用作糖的安全替代品。空处用于定冠词 the 之后，应用名词 cnclusin 作动词 draw 的宾语，表示“结论”，draw the cnclusin 意为“得出结论”，符合题意。故填 cnclusin。
6．acknwledged
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：众所周知，这次峰会取得了巨大的成功。it be acknwledged that 固定句型，意为“众所周知……”，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 从句，故填 acknwledged。
7．analysis
【详解】考查名词。句意：经过对该物种的分析，研究团队确认该物种为新物种。根据空前的不定冠词 an 和空后的介词 f 可知，设空处应用名词；analyse 的名词形式是 analysis，意为“分析”。故填 analysis。
8．up
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：老师让那个男孩总结这篇文章的大意。根据句意
“总结”可知短语为 sum up，故填 up。9．T btain
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了获得学位，她回答了 10 多页纸上的 81 个问题。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词不定式，作目的状语。故填T btain。
10．passinate
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你对某件事充满热情，那么不管别人怎么想， 都要去追求它。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，作表语，“passin”为名词， 对应的形容词为“passinate”，意为“热情的”。故填 passinate。
11．I knw he wrks fr a security firm, and his main wrk is t make sure peple can live in a secure envirnment．(secure)
12 ． These children behave nrmally, s yu shuldn't regard them t be abnrmal．(nrmal)
13．If yu want t imprve yur wrking efficiency, yu must learn t d everything efficiently frm nw n.(efficient)
14．We can't always cmbine wrk with pleasure, and the cmbinatin smetimes is hard t get．(cmbine)
15．We have every reasn t believe her reprt t be accurate, because she is always paying attentin t the accuracy f her wrk and ding her wrk accurately．(accurate) 16．Please tell us instantly they arrive because we are in instant need f their help．(instant)
17．Nwadays few peple can resist the temptatin ( 诱 惑 ) f smartphnes, fr s many interesting things in them make anyne trying t be resistant t them finally
give up their resistance．(resist)
18．The man is always distant twards his neighburs, s his neighburs ften keep him at a distance．(distant)
19．He prefers t surf the Internet rather than d anything else because playing cmputer games is his preference．(prefer)
20．He ccupies an imprtant psitin in a cmpany, and is ccupied with all kinds f activities, s his ccupatin makes him feel fulfilled．(ccupy)
二、完成句子（15 分）
1.这辆车经过多年的使用后显示出了磨损的迹象。(wear and tear)
【答案】The car shws signs f wear and tear after years f use.
2.一听到这个消息，他难以抑制心中的兴奋，高兴地跳了起来。 (upn ding. . . )
【答案】Upn hearing the news，he was unable t cntrl his excitement and jumped with jy.
3.明天你到的时候，我应该正在为老板写报告。
【答案】When yu arrive tmrrw,I will be writing a reprt fr the bss.
4.阅读期间, 你没必要每次一遇到生单词就查字典。(each time/every time)
【答案】There is n need t refer t the dictinary each/every time yu cme acrss a new wrd while reading.
5.不久他就会适应新的环境。
【答案】It will nt be lng befre he adapts t the new envirnment.
三、语法专练（15 分）在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词。
1.【答案】wh
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：因此，在收到邮件后不久，当负责该项目的 Mary
Devn 教授邀请我到她的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到震惊。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 Prfessr Mary Devn，指人，使用关系代词wh，故填 wh。
2. 【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意: 它位于古代海上丝绸之路的起源地泉州，自宋代以来就在国内外畅销。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词指代先行词Quanzhu City 并在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where。故填 where。
3.【答案】which
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：据说他不在家，那样的话我们就不去那儿了。in which case 引导非限制性定语从句相当于 and in this/ that case
“如果是这样/那样的话”。故填 which。
4.【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老师强调的学习策略没有吸引学生足够多的注意力。此处是“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 learning strategies， 指物，关系词在定语从句中作介词 t 的宾语，应用关系代词 which，attach significance t“强调，认为……很重要”，故填 which。
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当汤姆在北京的一所大学学习中文时，我和他成为了朋友。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为 his stay，指物，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词 when 引导。故填 when。
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：亚马孙河的长度接近 6400 公里，雨林的名字就是由此而来。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 The Amazn River，故用关系词作介词 frm 的宾语，先行词指物，应用 which。故填 which。
【答案】whm
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他有成千上万的学生，其中许多人在自己的领域取得了巨大的成功。空格处是“介词+which/whm”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词 students 是人，因此空格处是关系代词 whm，故填 whm。
【答案】will be running
【详解】考查时态。句意：作为一个跑步爱好者，杰克明天早上 6 点钟正在公园跑步。根据后文 at six ’clck tmrrw mrning 可知为将来进行时，故填 will be
running。
【答案】will be living
【详解】考查时态。句意：在不远的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，当我们离开时，它会为我们锁门。此处在句中作谓语，句子描述将来某一时间将要发生的事，是对未来的预测，应用将来进行时，故填 will be living。
【答案】will be practising
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：明天下午 6 点，我们将练习篮球技巧。空处作谓语，根据 At 6 ’ clck tmrrw afternn 可知，表示将来具体时间点正在发生的事情，用将来进行时 will be ding。故填 will be practising。
【答案】will be wandering
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这个星期六三点钟我没空。我会和我的女儿在公园里闲逛，这对她来说是一个特殊的时刻。空处作谓语，根据 at three ’clck this Saturday，此句表示将来的某一个时间段内正在发生的动作，用将来进行时 will be
ding。故填 will be wandering。
【答案】will be staying
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：工作太多了，今晚我要在办公室待到很晚。此处为结果状语从句的谓语动词，结合时间状语 this evening 以及 late at the ffice“待到很晚”可知，此处为将来进行时，表示“要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作”。故填 will be staying。
【答案】shall be watching
【详解】考查时态。句意：后天这个时候我将观看开幕式。根据后文 this time the day after tmrrw 表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作，用将来进行时，故填 shall be watching。
【答案】will be barding
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我听说摩根先生下周四下午 4 点会在这里。—— 不，他那时将会正在登机。由 at 4:00 pm next Thursday 和 at that time 可知，句子时态用将来进行时，表示将来的某一时刻将要正在进行的事情，因此空格处是will be barding。故填 will be barding。
【答案】will be writing
【详解】考查时态。句意：——这个星期六下午去观光怎么样？ ——抱歉，我整个周末都将会写我的研究报告。根据句中 the whle weekend 以及句意可知，
此处表示将来某段时间，动作正在进行，句子应用将来进行时。故填 will be writing。
四、阅读理解（共 8 小题;每小题 2. 5 分,满分 20 分）
A
【答案】1．C2．A3．C4．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了 Daniel Brush 是一位创造奇迹的人， 使用古老的工艺来制作物品，他终生研究黄金，一生追求艺术理想。
1．推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“The ancient technique f applying gld beads as fine as sand-grains t a curved gld surface withut slder ( 焊 接 ), was stunning, but s was the lightness f spirit.(在没有焊料的弯曲金表面上涂上细如沙粒的金珠的古老技术令人惊叹，但精神的轻盈也是如此。)”可知 Daniel Brush 倾向于使用古老的工艺来制作物品，故选 C。
2．细节理解题。文章第四段讲到“His chief mtivatin, he said, was t understand the material and, thrugh that, himself. He wndered why his heart had beaten s fast in the museum that day. Gld in particular had a message fr him. His cntact with this glrius metal might fcus all his attentin and help him t hear
it.(他说，他的主要动机是了解材料，并通过这些了解自己。他想知道为什么那
天他的心脏在博物馆里跳动得如此之快。黄金特别向他传达了一个信息。他与这种光荣金属的接触可能会集中他的所有注意力，帮助他听到它。)”可知他终生研究黄金的主要原因是他想了解更多关于黄金和自己的知识，故选 A。
3．推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“Fr 45 years in that lft, he had pursued his calling (在那间阁楼里 45 年来，他一直在追寻自己的使命)”以及整篇文章描述他对黄金的研究和投入，可知 Daniel Brush 非常投入和专注，故选 C。
4．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Fr Daniel Brush, he lved the idea that ne might take a piece made by Brush ut f a pcket, let its beauty pass frm mind t mind, and smile. That t was what its maker was after. (对于 Daniel Brush 来说， 他喜欢这样的想法：人们可以从口袋里拿出一件 Brush 制作的作品，让它的美从脑海中传递到脑海中，然后微笑。这也是它的制造者所追求的。)”可知作者在最
后一段中强调的是 Brush 追求的艺术理想，故选 D。
B
【答案】5．C6．B7．A8．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了 Wing 公司将在澳大利亚昆士兰州开展全球首个无人机配送试验，配送食品等，此前已在堪培拉试验，澳大利亚成全球首个有两个地区用该服务的国家。
5．细节理解题。根据第五段“Mr. Burgess said the cmpany chse Queensland’s Lgan area because f its grwing ppulatin and a large number f yung families.(伯吉斯先生表示，该公司选择昆士兰州的洛根地区是因为该地区人口持续增长，且有大量年轻家庭)”可知，温选择昆士兰州的洛根地区是因为那里居住着越来越多的年轻人。故选 C。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wing delivery drnes cmmnly fly at a height f 60m, Mr. Burgess said, culd carry up t 1.5kg f gds, and lwer packages t areas in frnt r backyards.(伯吉斯先生表示，翼式送货无人机通常飞行高度为 60 米，能够携带最多 1.5 千克的货物，并将包裹投放到房屋前或后院等区域)”可知，无人机送货服务中所送货物的重量有限制。故选 B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Civil Aviatin Safety Authrity spkesman Peter Gibsn said he hped the regulatr wuld allw Wing t fly its drnes in Lgan shrtly, as the cmpany had already shwn its technlgy was safe in Canberra trials
ver the past tw years.(民航安全管理局发言人彼得•吉布森表示，他希望监管机
构能允许 Wing 公司近期在洛根试飞其无人机，因为该公司在过去两年的堪培拉试验中已经证明其技术是安全可靠的)”可知，彼得•吉布森在最后一段中的言论表明了他的期望。故选 A。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Flying rast chickens, ht cffee, milk, and bread will drp frm the air int Queensland backyards in a wrld-first drne delivery trial expected t start within weeks.(在未来几周内即将开展的一项全球首创的无人机送货试验中，烤鸡、热咖啡、牛奶和面包将从空中降落在昆士兰州的居民后院)” 结合文章主要说明了 Wing 公司将在澳大利亚昆士兰州开展全球首个无人机配送
试验，配送食品等，可知 D 选项“午餐和咖啡订单能够‘飞’上天空”最符合文章标题。故选 D。
五、完形填空(共 15 个小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
【答案】
1．B2．D3．C4．C5．A6．B7．D8．B9．A
10．A11．B12．C13．D14．D15．A
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述的是作者从对插花一无所知到通过观看一位中国花艺师的视频博客，学习到插花需要精心设计和取舍的过程，并由此联想到生活中也需要学会选择和取舍。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的方法是把所有的花茎都插进花瓶里，直到插不进去为止。A. attitude 态度；B. apprach 方法；C. service 服务；D. intrductin 介绍。根据下文“just t put all the stems int the vase”可知，空后内容是作者插花的方法。故选 B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，这些花显得杂乱无章，不美观。A. clurless 无色的；B. meaningless 无意义的；C. uncrwded 不拥挤的；D. disrganized 杂乱无章的。根据上文“put all the stems int the vase until I culdn’t fit any mre in”和下文“and unbeautiful”可知，作者不太会插花，所以最后花杂乱无章。故选 D。3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但后来我看到了一位中国花商的视频，他制作了令人惊讶的美丽插花。A. cnfusingly 令人迷惑不解地；B. discuragingly 使人气馁地；C. astnishingly 令人惊讶地；D. shamingly 令人羞愧地。根据下文“beautiful arrangements”可知，那个花商制作了令人惊讶的美丽的插花。故选 C。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，他会用截短的花茎为花瓶搭建一个结构。
A. huse 房子；B. furniture 家具；C. vase 花瓶；D. md 情绪。根据上文“he creates a structure fr the”可知，他插花要用花瓶，他用花茎做了一个结构。故选 C。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他会小心翼翼地一根一根地插入合适的花茎，再添上叶子或绿植，并修剪成他想要的形状。最后——这一点让我特别惊讶
——他会把每根花茎上多余的花朵剪掉，让整个花束达到完美的平衡，每一朵花都能有足够的空间绽放光彩。A. adds 增加；B. cmpares 比较；C. strengthens 加强；D. makes 制作。根据语境和下文“leaves r greenery”可知，他插入茎后再加入 树 叶 。 故 选 A 。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他会小心翼翼地一根一根地插入合适的花茎，再添上叶子或绿植，并修剪成他想要的形状。最后——这一点让我特别惊讶
——他会把每根花茎上多余的花朵剪掉，让整个花束达到完美的平衡，每一朵花都能有足够的空间绽放光彩。A. beauty 美丽；B. shape 形状；C. type 类型；D. mdel模型。根据上文“cuts them t”可知，他把茎和树叶一起剪成他想要的形状。故选
B 。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，他会小心翼翼地一根一根地插入合适的花茎，再添上叶子或绿植，并修剪成他想要的形状。最后——这一点让我特别惊讶——他会把每根花茎上多余的花朵剪掉，让整个花束达到完美的平衡，每一朵花都能有足够的空间绽放光彩。A. excited 兴奋的；B. amused 觉得好笑的；C.
annyed 生气的；D. surprised 惊讶的。根据下文“create a perfectly balanced whle” 可知，花商在每根茎上剪下额外的花朵，形成一个完美平衡的整体，这让作者惊讶 。 故 选 D 。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他会小心翼翼地一根一根地插入合适的花茎，再添上叶子或绿植，并修剪成他想要的形状。最后——这一点让我特别惊讶
——他会把每根花茎上多余的花朵剪掉，让整个花束达到完美的平衡，每一朵花都能有足够的空间绽放光彩。A. branches 树枝；B. flwers 花；C. leaves 叶子；
D. greenery 绿色植物。根据语境和上文“cuts ff extra”可知，他剪下额外的花。故 选 B 。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他会小心翼翼地一根一根地插入合适的花茎，再添上叶子或绿植，并修剪成他想要的形状。最后——这一点让我特别惊讶
——他会把每根花茎上多余的花朵剪掉，让整个花束达到完美的平衡，每一朵花都能有足够的空间绽放光彩。A. rm 空间；B. energy 精力；C. time 时间；D. garden花园。根据上文“create a perfectly balanced whle, where each blssm has”可知， 他让每一朵花都有空间来绽放光彩。故选 A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我明白他的意图，也喜欢他插花的结果，但剪掉那些美丽的花朵还是让我心疼。A. hurts 感到受伤，感到疼痛；B. helps 帮助；
C. csts 花费；D. matters 重要。根据上文“but”的转折和下文“cut ff beautiful
flwers”可知，剪掉美丽的花让作者心疼。故选 A。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我看着他的时候，我想到他是如何如此成功的。A. cruel 残暴的；B. successful 成功的；C. awful 可怕的；D. prud 骄傲的。
根据上文“when I watch him”和上一段对那个花商插花过程的描述可知，那个花商很成功。故选 B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不只是把所有的东西都放进去，而是把多余的东西去掉，这样剩下的东西才真正脱颖而出。A. happens 发生；B. appeals 吸引；
remains 留下；D. deserts 抛弃。根据上文“cuts ff the extra”和第 8 空后“n each stem t create a perfectly balanced whle, where each blssm has rm t really
shine”可知，把多余的剪掉，剩下的才能真正脱颖而出。故选 C。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你是一个热爱生活的人，你可能会发现你想要的东西太多了——这只是我插花的风格。A. freedm 自由；B. nature 自然；C. adventure 冒险；D. life 生活。根据下文“yu may find that yu want t many gd things”可知，热爱生活的人想要的东西就比较多。故选 D。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：你可能会得到一片满是鸡毛的境地。A. break away
frm 脱离；B. get dwn t 开始做某事；C. run ut f 用光；D. end up with 以…… 结束。根据下文“a field full f chicken feathers”可知，最后你可能得到一地鸡毛的境地，空格处是 end up with。故选 D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们必须学会为我们的生活选择和编辑适量的好东西。A. edit 编辑；B. abandn 抛弃；C. recrd 记录；D. mix 混合。根据上文“Therefre, we must learn t chse”和第 11 空后“He edits”可知，此处是编辑好东西。故选 A。
六、应用文写作（满分 15 分）
【答案】范文
Scientific Spirit
When we talk abut scientific spirit, there are many aspects we shuld evaluate. Determinatin, persistence and diligence are scientific spirits that matter a lt. But what cmes first t my mind is determinatin.
Determinatin plays an imprtant rle in helping scientists t make many utstanding achievements. Fr instance, there was a time when China’s rcket science was undevelped. It was Qian Xuesen wh/that tk n the challenge and never gave up, thus helping develp China’s aerspace science successfully. Withut determinatin, he culdn’t have made an amazing breakthrugh.
All in all, determinatin is a significant scientific spirit that shapes a great scientist. The inspiratin I get frm scientific spirit is that nt nly shuld I bst/raise the awareness f being determined, but als make a determined effrt t d what need t d.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生选取科学家必备精神的一个方
面，并结合某一个科学家的具体事例写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：imprtant→essential
杰出的：utstanding→prminent 总之：all in all→in shrt
例如：fr instance→fr example
2.句式拓展句型转换
原句：Determinatin plays an imprtant rle in helping scientists t make many utstanding achievements.
拓展句：It is determinatin that plays an imprtant rle in helping scientists t make many utstanding achievements.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] It was Qian Xuesen wh/that tk n the challenge and never gave up, thus helping develp China’s aerspace science successfully. (运用了强调句和现在分词作状语)
[高分句型 2] Fr instance, there was a time when China’s rcket science was undevelped. (运用了 when 引导定语从句)
选择性必修一 Unit3-4 单元过关练习试卷答案
一、单句语法填空（每题 1 分，共 20 分）
1．banned
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：查理被禁止驾驶两年。分析句意可知，提示词
ban 和主语 Charlie 之间是被动关系，所以此处用被动语态，即空格处用过去分词形式。故填 banned。
2．swings
【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们在公园里荡秋千。swing 意为“秋千”，公园里有很多秋千，所以需要用复数。故填 swings。
3．appealing
【详解】考查形容词。句意：免费假期的想法相当吸引人。在本句中，The idea f a free hliday 作为主语，需要一个形容词来修饰，作表语，说明这个想法的性质或特征。因为所给词 appeal 是一个动词，表示“吸引”，其形容词形式为 appealing
(吸引人的)。故填 appealing。4．Being expsed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：接触伟大的文学作品，无论何种形式，都能激发创造力。此处应为非谓语动词作主语，结合句意可知，此处描述的是经常性的动作，所以使用动名词形式，同时又是被动含义，所以使用动名词的被动形式being expsed，位于句首，being 的首字母需大写。故填 Being expsed。5．Accmpanied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：伴随着欢快的音乐，我们开始跳舞。设空处用作句子的伴随状语，动词 accmpany 和主语 we 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词，位于句首首字母大写。故填 Accmpanied。
6．amusements
【详解】考查名词。句意：因为当时没有收音机或电视，人们几乎没有娱乐活动可供选择。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，amusement 表“娱乐活动”，为7．was adpted
【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：当他还是一个非洲国家乌干达的男孩时，他失去了双亲，被一名美国妇女收养。由 by 可知，句子用被动语态，
由 lst 可知，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语
he 是单数，因此空格处是 was adpted。故填 was adpted。8．fascinatin
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个游戏的魅力在于猜测对手在想什么。空处需填名词 fascinatin，作主语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填 fascinatin。
9．rewarding
【详解】考查形容词。句意：Cbby 的飞机旅行减少了 75%，她认为这是一个相当有益的，非常积极的变化。提示词作表语，表明主语 it 的性质，用形容词
rewarding，意为“值得的，有意义的”。故填 rewarding。10．attending
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统亲自出席会议给了他们很大的鼓励。这里The president’s attending the meeting 构成动名词复合结构作主语。根据句意，故填 attending
11. embarrassment
【详解】考查名词。句意：令队长十分尴尬的是，他在每局比赛中都得了零分。根据空前的形容词性物主代词 his 及固定短语“much t ne’s + 情感类名词”意为
“令某人……的是”可知，此处需用名词作宾语，embarrass 为动词，意为“使尴尬”，其名词形式为 embarrassment，意为“尴尬，窘迫”。故填 embarrassment。
12.【答案】distinguished
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我哥哥是个非常杰出的人——一位伟大的演员。本空修饰名词 man，应填形容词 distinguished“杰出的”，作前置定语。故填
distinguished。
13. 【答案】assessment
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府将对食品安全进行严格的评估。设空处前有不定冠词 a 和形容词 strict 修饰，应填名词单数形式作宾语，assess 的名词形式是
assessment。故填 assessment。
14.【答案】cmplaining
【详解】考查动名词。句意：我妹妹向我父母抱怨了吵闹的邻居后，不得不继续做作业。after 后接动名词 cmplaining 作宾语。故填 cmplaining。
15．【答案】scializing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校在儿童社交方面发挥着作用。介词 in 后接动名词形式，在句中作宾语。故填 scializing。
16.【答案】curing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种新研发的药物将在治疗这种罕见疾病方面发挥重要作用。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填 curing。
17.【答案】cnserving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于资源有限，这家小博物馆在保护其珍贵的历史画作方面遇到了困难。根据固定搭配“have truble (in) ding sth.”意为“做某事有困难”可知，空格处需用动名词形式作介词“in”的宾语，介词“in”可省略。故填 cnserving。
18.【答案】being expsed
【详解】考查动名词。句意：这台机器经受不住被大雨淋。根据 stand ding sth 意为“忍受做某事”可知，此处使用动名词作宾语，根据 be expsed t sth 意为“暴露于”可知，expse 与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动名词的被动形式。故填 being expsed。
19.【答案】ashamed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：感到尴尬和羞愧，我无法集中精力做任何事情。请帮帮我！此处为形容词作状语，根据空前的形容词 embarrassed 和 and 可知，此处应填 shame 的形容词形式 ashamed，意为“感到羞愧得”，修饰主语 I，表示主语当时的状态。故填 ashamed。
20.【答案】have witnessed
【详解】考查时态。句意：正如我们所知，近年来中国发生了巨大的变化，尤其是在北京、天津和上海。根据时间状语 in recent years 可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时。主语 recent years 是复数， 所以用 have witnessed，表示从过去到现在的一段时间里已经发生的动作或存在的状态。故填 have witnessed。
二、完成句子（每题 3 分，共 15 分）
1.【答案】Experts remind us that whether (we are) busy r free, we shuldn’t replace reading with meaningless/ pintless entertainment.
【详解】考查时态、宾语从句和状语从句。句子描述的是一般性事实，应用一般
现在时，主句主语“专家们”experts，位于句首，首字母大写，“提醒某人某事”应用 remind sb. that...，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形 remind，“我们”us，作 remind 的宾语，后接 that 引导的宾语从句；从句中“无论忙碌还是空闲”应用 引导让步状语从句，从句中主语“我们”we，系动词“是”are，“忙碌”busy，“空闲”free，从句主语与主句主语一致，又含有 be 动词，从句中主语和 be 可以省略；宾语从句中主语“我们”we，“不应该”shuldn’t，“用……取代……”，“阅 读”reading，“无意义的娱乐活动”meaningless/ pintless entertainment。故翻译为
Experts remind us that whether (we are) busy r free, we shuldn’t replace reading with meaningless/ pintless entertainment.
2.【答案】We have the firm belief that leading a lw-carbn life helps (t)
cnserve/save natural resurces and restre bidiversity.
【详解】考察动词、名词、形容词和同位语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时表客观情况。表示“我们”应用 we，为主语；表示“坚信”可用 have the firm belief that，firm(坚定的)，为形容词作定语，that 后引导同位语从句；表示“过低碳生活”应用 leading a lw-carbn life，为动名词短语作主语；表示“有助于”应用 helps，为谓语动词，表示“节约自然资源”应用 cnserve/save natural resurces； 表示“ 恢复生物多样性”应用 restre bidiversity，用并列连词 and 连接两个动词，
且这里考查 help (t) d ，表“帮助做某事”。故翻译为 We have the firm belief that leading a lw-carbn life helps (t) cnserve/save natural resurces and restre bidiversity.
3. 【答案】Stries that inspire peple n the Internet are labeled with “psitive energy”
and they describe the persistent struggles f rdinary peple, inspiring mre peple t write their wn glrius chapters.
【详解】考查动词、名词、时态、从句和非谓语动词。“网络上催人奋进的故事
被网友们贴上了‘正能量’的标签”可处理为第 1 分句，主语“网络上催人奋进的故事”译为 Stries that inspire peple n the Internet，其中 that 引导限制性定语从句，
谓语“被贴上……标签”用被动语态 be labeled with，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，因主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式 are labeled with，宾语“正能量”用 psitive
energy；后半句“它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章” 可处理为第 2 分句，主语“它们”用 they，谓语“描述”用动词
describe，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，宾语“普通人坚持不懈的奋斗”是“the persistent struggles f rdinary peple”，“激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章” 作伴随状语，“激励某人做某事”用 inspire sb. t d sth.，inspire 与其逻辑主语 the persistent struggles 之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，“更多人”用 mre peple，
“书写属于自己的辉煌篇章”是 write their wn glrius chapters，用不定式作目的状语。综上，全句译为：Stries that inspire peple n the Internet are labeled with “psitive energy” and they describe the persistent struggles f rdinary peple,
inspiring mre peple t write their wn glrius chapters.
4.【答案】Whether it is the desire fr the mysteries f the universe r the curisity abut unknwn creatures in the deep sea, humanity has never stpped challenging the bundaries f nature.
【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。根据中文提示可知，表示“无论是对宇宙奥
秘的渴望，还是对深海未知生物的好奇”应用 whether it is the desire fr the
mysteries f the universe r the curisity abut unknwn creatures in the deep sea，这里时态应用一般现在时表示客观情况，其中 ，为固定句型，表“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句， the desire fr，表“对……渴望”，the curisity abut，表“对……好奇”，均为固定搭配；表示“人类从未停止过挑战自然边界”应用 humanity has never stpped challenging the bundaries f nature，时态用现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响，其中 stp ding，表“停止做某事”， the
bundary f ，表“……的边界”，均为固定搭配。故翻译为 Whether it is the desire fr the mysteries f the universe r the curisity abut unknwn creatures in the deep sea, humanity has never stpped challenging the bundaries f nature.
5【. 答案】If we dn’t set ut earlier, it wuld be difficult t find a parking space due t
the mall’s big sale/the prmtinal event in the mall.
【详解】考查状语从句。引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”用 if，主语为 we；表
示“早点出发”为 set ut earlier，用一般现在时表将来；表示“难以……”句型为 it wuld be difficult t d sth.；表示“找到停车位”为 find a parking space；表示“因为， 由于”为 due t；表示“搞促销活动”翻译为 the mall’s big sale/the prmtinal event in the mall。故翻译为 If we dn’t set ut earlier, it wuld be difficult t find a parking
space due t the mall’s big sale/the prmtinal event in the mall.
三、语法专练（15 分）在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词。
1．Spending
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在花园里一起度过时光是一种很好的锻炼方式， 同时也能和你的宠物一起享受乐趣。句中已有谓语 can be 且此处与谓语之间无连词连接，故设空处为非谓语动词；句中缺少主语，用动名词。设空处位于句首首字母需大写。故填 Spending。
2．cming
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：Rse 的到来不会有太大帮助。句中 wn’t be 为谓语动词，因此空格处需要填入动名词形式作主语。cming 作主语，表示“Rse 的到来”，符合句意。故填 cming。
3．Being laughed
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在公共场合被嘲笑是你永远不希望发生在自己身上的事。此处为非谓语动词作主语，根据句意，此处描述的是一般动作，所以使用动名词形式作主语，laugh 与逻辑主语 yu 之间为被动关系，使用动名词的被动形式“being +过去分词”，所以此处应为 being laughed，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填 Being laughed。
4．cmplaining
解析：考查动名词。句意：抱怨天气不好是没有用的，所以我们最好想个办法准时到达那里。“It is n use ding sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事是没有用的”，It 作形式主语，动名词短语作真正主语，所以此处应填 cmplain 的动名词形式cmplaining。故填 cmplaining。
denying
解析：考查动名词。句意：不可否认，中国在过去的几十年里取得了巨大的进步。There is n denying that...是固定句型，表示“不容否认的是……”，因此空格处是动名词 denying。故填 denying。
ging
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那时候，一些学生习惯于晚睡，而且也晚起。be used t ding sth.为固定搭配，意为“习惯于做某事”，其中 t 为介词，后跟动名词，故第一空填 ging
7 settling
解析：考查动名词。句意：双方都承诺和平解决争端。设空处接在介词 t 后， 应用动名词作宾语 settling，故填 settling。
digesting
解析：考查动名词。句意：如果你是一名学生，一定要致力于领会老师的教导， 直到完全理解为止。分析句子可知，“devte neself t ding sth.”是固定搭配，意为“致力于做某事”，其中“t”是介词，后接动名词形式。所给词“digest”的动名词形式是 digesting”。故填 digesting。
being bitten
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这起事故给所有野外爱好者敲响了警钟，提醒他们野外可能存在被毒虫叮咬的危险。that 引导的定语从句的谓语为 can lead t， 此处为非谓语动词，lead t 中的 t 为介词，且 bite“叮，咬”和其逻辑主语 all wilderness lvers 之间为被动关系，故用动名词的被动形式 being bitten，作宾语。故填 being bitten。
rating
解析：考查动名词。句意：在给餐厅打分时，食物的味道和服务质量是最重要的考虑因素。根据 “when it cmes t...”的固定用法，其中“t”是介词，后面接动词时要用动词的动名词形式，所以这里应将“rate”（评价；评估）变为“rating”。故填 rating。
四、阅读理解（共 8 小题;每小题 2. 5 分,满分 20 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
【答案】1. A2. B3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章从发展历史、生物多样性以及现代公园风貌等
方面介绍了加拿大第一个国家公园——班夫国家公园。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Banff Natinal Park is Canada’s firstbrn natinal park and was recgnized in 1885. (班夫国家公园是加拿大第一个国家公园，于 1885 年被承认。)”可知，班夫国家公园是加拿大第一个国家公园，即它是加拿大最古老的国家公园。故选 A。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Canadian Pacific Railway was cntributry in Banff’s early years, building the Banff Springs Htel and Chateau Lake Luise htel in the park and attracting turists thrugh widespread advertising. (加拿大太平洋铁
路公司在班夫的早期也做出了贡献，在公园里建造了班夫温泉酒店和路易丝湖城堡酒店，并通过广泛的广告吸引游客。)”可知，加拿大太平洋铁路公司在班夫的贡献是建设了两家酒店。故选 B。
【3 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Banff Natinal Park has a subarctic climate(副极地气候) with three ecregins. The frests feature ldgeple pine at lwer heights and
Engelmann spruce at higher nes belw the tree line, abve which are chiefly rcks and ice. Mammal(哺乳动物) species such as the grizzly bear, cugar, wlverine,
mse and bighrn sheep are fund alng with hundreds f bird species. Reptiles( 爬 行动物) are als fund but nly a restricted number f species have been recrded.(班夫国家公园属于亚北极气候，分为三个生态区。森林的特色是低海拔的黑松和高海拔的恩格尔曼云杉，在林木线以下，以上主要是岩石和冰。这里发现了灰熊、美洲狮、狼獾、驼鹿和大角羊等哺乳动物，还有数百种鸟类。爬行动物也被发现， 但只记录了有限数量的物种。)”可知，本段主要描述了班夫的生物多样性。故选
A。
B
【答案】4. B5. D6. C7. G8. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在与野生动物近距离接触时，它们可能
会面临的几种严重的风险。
【4 题详解】
根据后文“If nt, wildlife may face the fllwing serius risks when yu get clse enugh t interact with them（如果不这样做，当你与野生动物近距离接触时，它们可能会面临以下严重的风险）”可知，这里指的是面对动物行为举止要合理守规则。B 选项“Yu need t behave like a plite guest.（你要表现得像个有礼貌的客人。）”符合题意，故选 B。
【5 题详解】
根据后文“In additin, wildlife can get injured when they try t escape peple wh have gtten t clse（此外，当野生动物试图逃离离它们太近的人时，它们可能会受伤）”可知，本段介绍的是动物与人类接触会发生的严重后果，所以我们要适时远离它们。D 选项“S it's best t resist the urge t pet and hld them.（所以最好克制住想要抚摸和抱它们的冲动。）”符合题意，故选 D。
【6 题详解】
根据后文“S keeping yur pets vaccinated can keep them and wildlife safe.（所以让你的宠物接种疫苗可以保护它们和野生动物的安全。）”可知，接种过疫苗的宠物可以避免野生动物受到病毒感染。C 选项“Wlves can be infected by virus frm
dgs.（狼可能被狗的病毒感染。）”符合题意，故选 C。
【7 题详解】
根据后文“Animals becming used t and attracted t human fd will actively seek ut human fd.（动物逐渐习惯并被人类的食物所吸引，就会积极地寻找人类的食物。）”可知，本段主要介绍的是野生动物吃人类食物后的改变。G 选项“Learning t eat human fd can als change the way that wildlife interact with peple.（学习吃人的食物也可以改变野生动物与人互动的方式。）”符合题意，故选 G。
【8 题详解】
根据前文“Grund squirrels can bite, deer have sharp antlers（鹿角）, and bears can get int cars r tents in search f fd（松鼠会咬人，鹿有锋利的鹿角，熊会钻进汽车或帐篷寻找食物）”以及后文人们对此采取的行动“It means they may be killed by park managers fr safety reasns.（这意味着它们可能会因为安全原因被公园管
理员杀死。）”可知，这些野生动物因为寻找人类的食物而有奇怪的表现会影响到人们的安全。E 选项“Actually, sme f them may behave in a strange way. （事实上，它们中的一些可能会表现得很奇怪。）”符合题意，故选 E。
五、完形填空(共 15 个小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
【答案】
1．B2．A3．A4．B5．D6．C7．A8．B9．A
10．D11．A12．C13．B14．A15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨语言发展中“象似性”（形式与意义的关联）的关键作用，通过实验和研究揭示其在跨语言沟通中的影响。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近的研究表明，象似性——形式与意义之间的联系——可能在这一过程中发挥了关键作用。A. descriptin 描述；B. prcess 过程；C. interactin 互动；D. style 风格。根据上文“hw languages develped”可知， 此处指语言发展的“过程”。故选 B 项。2．考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，我们经常用手和身体来表现意义，展示物体的大小和形状。A. fr example 例如；B. in particular 尤其；C. as a result 结果；
in ther wrds 换句话说。根据上文的“We ften use ur hands and bdies”以及下文的“t act ut meanings, shwing the sizes and shapes f bjects.”可知，这是对“象似性”的举例说明。故选 A 项。 3．考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：象似性不仅限于手势，也出现在视觉传达中。A. gesturing 做手势；B. frmatin 形成；C. understanding 理解；D. bjects 物体。根据上文“We ften use ur hands and bdies, 2 , t act ut meanings, shwing the sizes and shapes f bjects.”可知，我们可以使用手和身体表现意义， 由此可知，此处指象似性不局限于“手势”符合语境。故选 A 项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：交通标志、食品包装和地图都使用象似性来使信息易于理解，无论使用何种语言。A. prf 证据；B. language 语言；C. hints 暗示；
D. explanatin 解释。根据上文的“regardless f”及下文的“T test if this phenmenn existed acrss 10 , researchers cnducted a brader Internet survey, translating the experiment int 25 languages.”可知，下文介绍了跨语言沟通的语境，由此可知，象似性不受“语言”限制。故选 B 项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：象似性也存在于声音中。A. cmpetitins 竞赛；
cultures 文化；C. labs 实验室；D. sunds 声音。根据下文“T explre this, researchers rganized a cntest where participants recrded sunds t express different meanings.”可知，此处探讨象似性在“声音”中的存在。故选 D 项。6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些声音不能包含实际的单词或模仿声音的表
达，如爆炸时的“BOOM”。A. carefully-chsen 精心挑选的；B. imaginary 想象的；
sund-imitating 模仿声音的；D. shcking 令人震惊的。根据下文“like ‘BOOM’ fr an explsin”可知，“BOOM”是拟声词的举例，所以此处指“模仿声音的”表达。故 选 C 项 。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听众随后尝试将声音与一组书面选项匹配，其声音被最准确解读的参赛者赢得比赛。A. interpreted 解读；B. repeated 重复；C. heard听到；D. recrded 记录。根据上文的“Listeners then tried t match the sunds t a set f written ptins”可知，实验要求听众匹配声音与一组书面选项，由此可知，此处指声音被“解读”的准确性。故选 A 项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果令人惊讶——听众成功识别了声音的预期意义。A. purpses 目的；B. meanings 意义；C. vlume 音量；D. speed 速度。根据上文的“T explre this, researchers rganized a cntest where participants recrded sunds t express different meanings.”可知，实验目标是识别声音的“意义”符合语境。故选 B 项。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，听众的成功可能依赖于共同的文化知识。
A. shared 共同的；B. extensive 广泛的；C. traditinal 传统的；D. classic 经典的。根据上文的“all the cntestants and listeners were English speakers”可知，实验参与者均为英语使用者，由此可知，同一语言群体可能拥有“共同的”文化背景。故选
A 项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了测试这种现象是否跨文化存在，研究人员进行了更广泛的互联网调查，将实验翻译成 25 种语言。A. situatin 情况；B.
generatins 代际；C. careers 职业；D. cultures 文化。根据下文的“researchers cnducted a brader Internet survey, translating the experiment int 25 languages. Participants frm different linguistic backgrunds listened t the sunds and
11 their meanings frm six written ptins.”可知，实验内容翻译成 25 种语言，而且参与者来自不同的语言背景，由此可知，实验旨在测试跨“文化”的普遍性。故选 D 项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自不同语言背景的参与者听声音，并从六个书面选项中猜测其含义。A. guessed 猜测；B. clarified 澄清；C. acquired 获得；D. added
添加。根据上文的“T test if this phenmenn existed acrss 10 , researchers cnducted a brader Internet survey, translating the experiment int 25 languages.
Participants frm different linguistic backgrunds listened t the sunds”可知，为了
测试这种现象是否跨文化存在，将实验翻译成 25 种语言，且参与者拥有不同的语言背景，结合下文的“frm six written ptins”可知，参与者需要“猜测”声音的含义。故选 A 项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究结果显示，不同语言群体的准确率各不相同。A. similar 相似的；B. satisfactry 令人满意的；C. varying 不同的；D.
experimental 实验性的。根据下文的“English speakers had the highest accuracy rate at 74%, while Prtuguese speakers scred 34%.”可知，准确率“不同”。故选 C 项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些研究表明，我们的象似性沟通能力在语言进化中发挥了根本性作用。A. ability 能力；B. evlutin 进化；C. acquisitin 习得；
D. diversity 多样性。根据上文的“A key questin in linguistics is hw languages develped.”可知，全文围绕语言进化展开，所以，此处指语言“进化”过程。故选
B 项。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：象似性使个体能够以不完全依赖特定语言知识的方式表达意义。A. entirely 完全地；B. rutinely 常规地；C. vividly 生动地；D. skillfully 熟练地。根据上文的“The findings shwed 12accuracy levels acrss different language grups.”可知，在跨语言沟通的实验结论表明，不同语言群体的准确率各不相同，结合下文的“dependent n specific linguistic knwledge” 可知，象似性表达不“完全”依赖语言知识。故选 A 项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这种能力，语言可能永远不会发展成我们今天拥有的复杂系统。A. knwledge 知识；B. ability 能力；C. awareness 意识；
investigatin 调查。根据上文的“These studies shw that ur capacity fr icnic
cmmunicatin has played a fundamental rle in language 13 .”可知，象似性沟通能力在语言进化中发挥了根本性作用，由此可知，此处指象似性沟通的“能力”符合语境。故选 B 项。
六、应用文写作（满分 15 分）
Dear Ryan,
I’m writing t share ne f my experiences f using bdy language.
Last week, during a schl g grup prject discussin, I was initially nervus. Hwever, I uncnsciusly made frequent eye cntact, which made me seem engaged and cnfident. While presenting ideas, I used pen-handed gestures, like spreading my hands wide and hlding up my fist. This nt nly clarified my pints but als
made me seem mre energetic.
It’s amazing hw pwerful bdy language can be. It effectively bridges the gap between my wrds and thers’ understanding, allwing me t better cnvey emtins and intentins. It gives me a sense f cntrl in scial interactins, putting me cmpletely at ease.
Yurs. Li Hua
选择性必修一 综合练习答案
一、单句语法填空（每题 2 分，共 20 分）
cmmitted 2.evaluatin 3. beneficial 4.persuasin 5.visible 6.appealing 7.Having prduced 8.being killed 9.f 10.prhibited
二、完成句子（每题 3 分，15 分）
1.【答案】 devte his life t
【详解】考查固定搭配。根据所给出的句子，结合所给汉语意思，表示“把某人的一生奉献给……”的固定搭配为 devte ne’s life t…，根据主语 he 可知，ne’s 应用 his；结合上文 decided t d sth.“决定做某事”可知，空处应用动词原形。故空 1 填 devte；故空 2 填 his；故空 3 填 life；故空 4 填 t。
2.【答案】putting yurself in their shes
【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。句意：通过设身处地从对方的角度看问题来试着理解对方的情绪。 根据汉语提示，句中“处于某人的境地，设身处地”译为 put yurself in ne's shes，by ding 意为“通过……”，此处使用动名词作宾语。故填putting yurself in their shes.
3.【答案】nt bth f them are fit fr the jb
【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示，表示“因为不是两个人都”含义的表达为： nt bth f them；表示“适合这份工作”含义的表达为：be fit fr the jb，因主语为复数，谓语动词使用复数形式，故填 nt bth f them are fit fr the jb。
4.【答案】appeals t the students t set aside at least an hur
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，表示“呼吁某人做某事”应为 appeal t sb. t d sth.，结合句意可知，该句描述的为现在的客观情况，所以使用一般现在时，主语 ur schl 与 appeal t 之间为主动关系，其主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为 appeals t；表示“学生们”应为 the students 作宾语，表示“至少留出一个小时” 应为 set aside at least an hur，分析句子结构，此处应为不定式形式作宾补，所以，表示“呼吁学生们每天至少留出一个小时”应为 appeals t the students t set aside at least an hur。故填 appeals t the students t set aside at least an hur。
5.【答案】accmpanied by heavy rain
【详解】考查过去分词和名词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词短语作
状语，根据句意，表示“伴随着”应为 accmpany by，accmpany by 与逻辑主语 the
wind 之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式作状语，表示“大雨”应为
heavy rain 作介词 by 的宾语。故填 accmpanied by heavy rain。三、阅读理解（共 8 小题;每小题 2. 5 分,满分 20 分）
A
【答案】1. D 3. D 4. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了看恐怖电影会产生应激反应，并分析了其产生 原因和危害。
【1 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The bdy’s fear respnse, r fight-r-flight respnse, always begins in the amygdala — a part f the brain’s system that’s critical fr recgnizing threats and prcessing emtins. After it detects a threat, the amygdala sends a distress signal t a cmmand center in the brain, which tells the nervus
system t release hrmnes and neurtransmitters (荷尔蒙和神经递质). Research
shws that these hrmnes and neurtransmitters wrk tgether t quicken yur breathing and t make yur heart send xygen-rich bld faster t yur muscles and vital rgans. This prepares the muscles and brain t rapidly set up a threat
respnse.(人体的恐惧反应，或称“战斗或逃跑”反应，总是始于杏仁核——大脑系
统中一个对识别威胁和处理情绪至关重要的部分。在检测到威胁后，杏仁核会向大脑中的一个指挥中心发送求救信号，该指挥中心指示神经系统释放荷尔蒙和神经递质。研究表明，这些荷尔蒙和神经递质协同作用，加快呼吸，使心脏更快地将富含氧气的血液输送到肌肉和重要器官。这为肌肉和大脑迅速建立威胁反应做好了准备。)”可推知，该段从生物学和心理学的角度解释和分析了身体对恐惧的反应是如何产生的。故选 D。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Overexpsure t jump scares can make yu less sensitive t fear. S peple wh enjy terrr films regularly might nt re-act as strngly t real danger because their brain gets used t these situatins.(过度接触突
如其来的惊吓会使你对恐惧变得不那么敏感。因此，经常看恐怖片的人可能对真实的危险反应不那么强烈，因为他们的大脑已经习惯了这种情境。)”可知，过度看恐怖电影会使人对真正的危险失去敏感度。故选 D。
【3 题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了恐惧会对人脑和身体造成的影响及其原因。由此可推知，A 项：Effects f Fear n Brain and Bdy.(恐惧对大脑和身体的影响。)最适合作文章标题。故选 A。
B
【答案】4．G 5．F 6．E 7．C 8．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍焦虑症的成因及缓解建议。
4．根据上文的“Accrding t the Natinal Institute f Mental Health, an estimated 19% f U.S. adults have been diagnsed with an anxiety disrder. (根据美国国家心理健康研究所的数据，估计有 19% 的美国成年人被诊断出患有焦虑症。)”可知，开篇提及焦虑症的普遍性，结合下文的“A lack f in-persn cnnectin and interactin,
time in nature and engagement in ur cmmunities is creating ‘digital anxiety.’(缺乏面对面的交流互动、接触自然的时间以及对社区的参与，正催生着‘数字焦虑’。)” 可知，此空需衔接“焦虑症”与“数字焦虑”的关联。G 选项“Studies als shw that t much time n scial media is linked t greater anxiety.(研究还表明，花太多时间在社交媒体上与更严重的焦虑有关。)”通过“als”补充研究结论，指出社交媒体使用与焦虑的联系，自然引出下文“数字焦虑”的具体成因。故选 G 项。
5．根据上文的“Thse with generalized anxiety disrder might wrry abut their wn safety r that f a lved ne.(患有广泛性焦虑症的人可能会担心自己或亲人的安全。)”可知，此处列举焦虑症的具体表现，F 选项“Or they may have persistent fears that smething bad is abut t happen.(或者他们可能一直担心坏事即将发生。)”中的“Or”表示并列，“persistent fears”“smething bad”进一步补充焦虑症状，与上文
“担心安全”形成平行结构，符合语境。故选 F 项。
6．根据上文的“Peple may als experience digital anxiety when separated frm their phnes. They might feel discnnected and wrry abut nt knwing f pssible threats like war r a natural catastrphe.(当人们与手机分离时，也可能会体验到数
字焦虑。他们可能会感到与外界脱节，并担心自己无法知晓战争或自然灾害等潜在威胁。)”可知，此空需延续“数字焦虑”的具体影响。E 选项“Smetimes they miss ut n a scial event r lse tuch with friends.(有时他们会错过社交活动或与朋友失去联系。)”中的“miss ut n scial event”“lse tuch”对应“discnnected”，补充了因脱离手机导致的社交问题，与上文“担心威胁”共同说明焦虑表现。故选 E 项。7．根据下文的“Recrd hw ften yu’re engaged with screens and technlgy. Nte the time f day yu’re mst likely t lg n and hw yu feel befre and after.( 记 录你使用屏幕和科技产品的频率。记下你最可能登录的时间段，以及登录前后的感受。)”可知，本段建议“记录数字使用习惯”。C 选项“Be hnest with yurself abut yur digital habits.(如实看待自己的数字使用习惯。)”中的“digital habits”直接对应下文“记录频率、时间、感受”，作为主题句概括了段落核心——正视并记录自身习惯。故选 C 项。
8．根据段落主题句“Accept that anxiety is a part f living.(接受焦虑是生活的一部分。)”可知，此空需解释“接受焦虑”的原因，结合下文的“Make a daily cmmitment t practice radical acceptance — the ability t accept reality withut judgment. That
desn’t mean yu apprve f negative events and situatins. Rather, yu accept these circumstances as things yu might nt be able t change at this mment — r ever.
(每日承诺践行‘全然接纳’—— 即不加评判地接受现实的能力。这并不意味着你
认同负面事件和境遇，而是将这些情况视为当下（甚至永远）可能无法改变的事实去接纳。)”可知，核心是“生活不可控”。D 选项“Life is unpredictable and ften beynd yur cntrl.(生活是不可预测的，且往往超出你的控制。)”直接点明不焦虑可预测且不可控制的本质，为“接受焦虑”提供逻辑依据，与下文“无法改变的现实”呼应。故选 D 项。
四、完形填空(共 15 个小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B
10．C 11．C 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了艾萨克·牛顿对于光的研究，以及创立了“植物精神”有关的概念。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他着迷于光，并认为光与早期现代科学家所知的“植物精神”概念有着密切的关系，这是牛顿创造的一个概念。A. satisfied 满意的；B. experienced 熟练的；C. attracted 被吸引的；D. fascinated 着迷的。根据后文 “with light, and believed that it had a clse relatinship t the cncept that the early mdern scientist”可知，牛顿着迷于光，并认为光与早期现代科学家所知的“植物精神”概念有着密切的关系，短语 be fascinated with 表示“对……着迷”。故选 D。2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：牛顿总是被大自然的美丽和复杂所折服。A.
cnstantly 总是；B. casually 随意地；C. hardly 几乎不；D. seemingly 似乎。根据后文“awed by the beauty and cmplexity f nature. Over time”可知，牛顿总是被大自 然 的 美 丽 和 复 杂 所 折 服 。 故 选 A 。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，他得出结论，自然界中发生的各种各样的生命和过程，比如生长和死亡，意味着一定有某种驱动力使这一切发生。A. develpment 发展；B. disappearance 消失；C. death 死亡；D. peace 和平。根据上文“such as grwth and”可知与生长对应的是死亡，都属于生命的过程，故选 C 。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，他得出结论，自然界中发生的各种各样的生命和过程，比如生长和死亡，意味着一定有某种驱动力使这一切发生。A. struggling 努力；B. driving 驱动；C. leading 带领；D. pulling 拉。根据后文“frce making it all happen”可知，这里指促使这些事情发生的驱动力，故选 B。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他相信“植物精神”就是那种力量，他认为它可能与光的力量有关。A. nature 自然；B. spirit 精神；C. frce 力量；D. pwer 权力。呼应上文“frce making it all happen”指驱动力。故选 C。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些只熟悉牛顿在数学和物理学上的发现的人来说，“植物精神”的想法可能看起来很奇怪，甚至是伪科学。A. mathematics 数学；B. science 科学；C. spirit 精神；D. nature 自然。根据后文“and physics”可知 ， 牛 顿 是 数 学 家 和 物 理 学 家 。 故 选 A 。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那些只熟悉牛顿在数学和物理学上的发现的人来说，“植物精神”的想法可能看起来很奇怪，甚至是伪科学。A. uncmfrtable不舒服的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. reasnable 合理的；D. bjective 客观的。人们
更熟悉牛顿在数学和物理学上的发现，所以“植物精神”的想法可能看起来很奇怪， 甚至是伪科学。故选 B。
8．考查动词/形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这个想法与他不常研究的一门学科密切相关，但他花了大量时间研究炼金术。A. relevant 有关的；B. stuck 粘；C. dealt处理；D. assciated 联系的。根据后文“with a subject that he is nt very ften knwn fr studying”指这个想法与他不常研究的一门学科密切相关，短语 be assciated
with“与……相关”。故选 D。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他的一生中，牛顿写了大约一百万字的炼金术， 这表明他对炼金术是多么的投入。A. prblem 问题；B. practice 实践；C. mystery 神秘；D. career 事业。此处指对炼金术的研究与实践，故选 B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过对炼金术的研究，牛顿希望揭开“植物精神” 或生命精神的秘密。A. cmplete 完成；B. hide 隐藏；C. uncver 揭露；D. restre 恢复。根据后文“the secret f the ‘Vegetable spirit’ , r the spirit f life”指揭开“植物精 神 ” 或 生 命 精 神 的 秘 密 。 故 选 C 。11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：炼金术的起源可以追溯到牛顿之前 2000 年的古埃及人和古希腊人。A. secrets 秘密；B. discverers 发现者；C. rigins 起源；D. traditins 传统。根据后文“f alchemy can be traced back 2,000 years befre Newtn
t the ancient Egyptians and Greeks”可知这里主要在介绍炼金术的起源。故选 C。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，“炼金术”这个词可能来自 Khem，这是一个古希腊语对埃及的称呼。A. expert 专家；B. custm 习俗；C. term 术语；D.
subject 物体。此处指“the wrd ‘alchemy’”这个术语是古希腊语对埃及的称呼。故选 C。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管炼金术的传统经常声称炼金术的创始人是赫尔墨斯·特里斯美吉斯都，但很难将炼金术的根源与某一个人联系在一起。A.
basic 基本的；B. bilgical 生物的；C. imaginary 想象的；D. funding 创办的。根据后文“the rt f alchemy t ne persn”可知这里是在说明炼金术的传统的创始人。故选 D。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管炼金术的传统经常声称炼金术的创始人是赫尔墨斯·特里斯美吉斯都，但很难将炼金术的根源与某一个人联系在一起。A. tie
系；B. shw 展示；C. stick 刺；D. invlve 参与。根据后文“the rt f alchemy t ne
persn”可知为短语 tie the rt f sth. t sb.表示“把某物的根源和某人联系在一起”。故选 A。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：黄金是最有价值的，因此许多人把注意力集中在这种珍贵的金属上。A. ppularity 受欢迎；B. value 价值；C. amunt 数量；D. usages用法。根据后文“therefre many fcused their attentin n this precius metal”可知， 黄金在当时最有价值。故选 B。
五、应用文写作（满分 15 分） 参考范文
Nwadays, mre and mre peple are switching t rganic farming. Sme advcate chsing it as it grws gd fd while aviding damage t the envirnment r t peple’s health while thers feel it has pr harvests and lack sustainability.
On the ne hand, rganic farming has its wn advantages. Nt nly des it keep their sil rich and free f disease thrugh natural means but it als ffers fd rich in nutritin. On the ther hand, sme ppse it fr it is nwhere near able t meet the high demand fr fd. Additinally, rganic fd is mre expensive than the fd prduced thrugh the cnventinal farming methd.
Frm my perspective, I’m in favr f it since it keeps the sil rich and free f disease as well as makes ur life healthier.
六、读后续写（满分 25 分）
【答案】 After reading the diary, the sn was filled with tears and began t reflect n the days when he used t sit tgether with his father. His father wuld patiently answer the same questin all 23 times withut feeling irritatin while his father asked him the same questin just 4 times! The sn thught t himself: If I attain ld age, hw will my sn lk at me? Will he think f me as a burden? Will he shut at me because f my pr sight, pr hearing r pr understanding?
Feeling ashamed, the sn gt dwn n his knees befre his father. He made an aplgy t his father, begging his father t frgive him fr his bad behavir. He said
alud, “I prmise t make yu happy frever, Dad. It is yu wh have cared fr me ever since I was a little child, shwering yur selfless affectin n me. Yu wrked hard t make mney s that I culd affrd t g t university. I will serve yu in the best way.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了一位 80 岁老父亲在向 45 岁的儿子问了四次同样的问题后，儿子变得不耐烦甚至恼怒，老父亲拿出以前的日记本给儿子看，儿子读完其中一页日记后，儿子回想起自己小时候同一个问题问了 23 遍，父亲仍然耐心解释。因此儿子感到愧疚，向父亲道歉，希望父亲原谅他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看完日记，儿子热泪盈眶，回忆起和父亲坐在一起的日子。” 可知，本段应首先描写儿子读完日记的感悟与反思，回想过去和父亲在一起的日子，父亲耐心地教自己。再结合续写第二段提示语可知，儿子反思自己的行为， 感到羞愧。
②由第二段首句内容“儿子羞愧地跪在父亲面前。”可知，第二段首先要描写儿子向父亲道歉，请求父亲的原谅。结合作者的反思和读后续写正向发展原则可知， 父亲原谅了儿子，儿子也许诺赡养父亲。
2.续写线索：小时候父亲耐心教儿子——儿子反思自己行为并感到愧疚——向父亲道歉，请求原谅——许诺赡养父亲
3.词汇激活行为类
①开始：began/started/initiate
②大喊：shut/yell/bawl/exclaim
③承诺：prmise/cmmit/make a cmmitment/give ne’s wrd
情绪类
①热泪盈眶：be filled with tears/cry ne’s eyes ut/tears well up in ne’s eyes
②道歉：made an aplgy/aplgized t sb./said srry t sb.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] His father wuld patiently answer the same questin all 23 times withut feeling irritatin while his father asked him the same questin just 4
times! (运用了并列连词 while 连词两个分句，表对比)
[高分句型2] It is yu wh have cared fr me ever since I was a little child, shwering yur selfless affectin n me. (运用了强调句型和 since 引导时间状语从句)