人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture精品同步达标检测题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture精品同步达标检测题，共19页。试卷主要包含了食物种类，烹饪相关，饮食健康，文化关联等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单元引言解读
Fd brings peple tgether n many different levels. It's nurishment f the sul and bdy; it's truly lve.
—Giada De Laurentiis
释义：食物在许多不同的层面上把人们聚集在一起。它是心灵和身体的养料，是真正的爱。
——吉娅达·德·劳伦蒂斯
启示：此引言充分说明了食物对人类的意义：它不仅为人们的身心健康提供养料，还在维系社会文化关系方面发挥着重要作用。
主题词汇积累
一、食物种类：
junk fd 垃圾食品
lamb kebab 烤羊肉串
red braised prk 红烧肉
bean curd（tfu） 豆腐
dim sum 点心（中国食品）
二、烹饪相关：
cnsist f 由…… 组成（或构成）
切下
pepper sth. with sth. 大量加入
recipe fr …… 的烹饪法；…… 的秘诀
chef de cuisine 主厨
三、饮食健康：
balanced diet 均衡饮食
cnsume energy 消耗能量
in mderatin 适度地，适量地
a fundamental key t healthy eating 健康饮食的基本要诀
be sensitive t dairy prducts 对乳制品敏感
四、文化关联：
Chinese cuisine 中国菜肴
bring hme the bacn 挣到钱养家糊口
ht ptat 棘手的问题，烫手山芋
stable scial rder 稳定的社会秩序
cultural assciatin 文化关联
时文拓展阅读
（2024·吉林省长春市朝阳区长春市第二中学高二上期末）Britns are well knwn fr the amunt f tea that they drink. The average persn in the UK cnsumes arund 1.9 kg f tea yearly. That's arund 876 cups f tea. Tea is drunk by all sectins f sciety. But tea is nt native t Britain. Mst tea is grwn in India and China. S， hw did it becme an imprtant part f British culture？
Tea arrived in Lndn in the 1600s. At this time， British ships were explring the wrld and came acrss the drink in China. It was nt lng befre green tea was available t buy. Hwever， this was nly available t the richer sectins f sciety.
At the beginning f the 1700s， the amunt f tea arriving in Britain increased gradually. Black tea arrived at this time. At first peple drank this tea exactly as it was in China. They sn discvered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar， giving the drink a special British characteristic.
In the 1800s tea was still a prduct enjyed nly by peple with mney. At this time they began t have “afternn tea”. This invlves drinking tea with a snack arund 4 pm t avid feeling hungry between lunch and dinner. It is a traditin that is still ging tday but has becme less ppular in recent times.
In the late 1800s， the price f tea decreased sharply as mre tea began t arrive n ships frm India and China. It was n lnger a drink just fr rich peple. Tearms—shps where yu culd buy and drink tea—started t appear acrss the cuntry. Peple enjyed drinking tea and scialising in these places. At the start f the 20th century， Britns began t make tea in their hmes whenever they felt like it. Kettles became necessary in every kitchen.
【译文欣赏】
英国人对茶的消费量闻名遐迩。英国普通人年均消耗约1.9公斤茶叶，相当于约876杯茶。社会各阶层都饮茶，但茶并非英国本土产物，多数茶叶产自印度和中国。那么，茶是如何成为英国文化重要组成部分的呢？
茶在17世纪传入伦敦。当时英国船只探索世界，在中国发现了这种饮品。不久后，绿茶就有了购买渠道，但那时只有富裕阶层才能享用。
18世纪初，运抵英国的茶叶数量逐渐增加，红茶也在此时传入。起初，人们完全按照中国的方式饮用红茶，后来他们很快发现，加入少量牛奶和糖能让茶的口感更佳，这也赋予了该饮品独特的英国特色。
19世纪时，茶仍是有钱人独享的产品。此时，“下午茶”习俗开始兴起，人们在下午4点左右边喝茶边吃点心，以避免午餐到晚餐之间感到饥饿。这一传统延续至今，但近年来已不如从前流行。
19世纪末，随着更多茶叶从印度和中国通过船只运抵英国，茶价大幅下跌，不再是富人的专属饮品。茶室（可购买和饮茶的店铺）开始在全国涌现，人们喜欢在这些地方饮茶并社交。20世纪初，英国人开始在家中随时煮茶，每个厨房都少不了水壶。
【词汇积累】
be well knwn fr：因…… 闻名cme acrss：偶然发现 / 遇见
nt lng befre：不久之后available t：可被…… 获得的
at the beginning f：在…… 之初mix with：与…… 混合
in recent times：近年来decrease sharply：大幅下降
【知识拓展】
茶与生活的启示:
文化融合的智慧：英国将中国红茶与本土饮食偏好（加奶、糖）结合，形成独特茶文化，启示我们：不同文化的碰撞并非冲突，而是创新的契机 —— 接纳差异并加以融合，能创造新的价值。
平凡中的仪式感：从贵族专属到全民日常，茶的普及印证了 “生活的诗意不在于物质稀缺，而在于对细节的珍视”。即使是普通的一杯茶，也能通过仪式（如下午茶习俗）赋予生活温度。
慢下来的哲学：泡茶需等待水沸、茶叶舒展，这与快节奏的现代生活形成对比。喝茶的过程提醒我们：耐心等待与静心品味，是对抗焦虑的良药，正如茶香需时间沉淀，美好事物也需用心感受。
【词汇延伸】
【长难句分析】
1. It was nt lng befre green tea was available t buy. Hwever, this was nly available t the richer sectins f sciety.
分析：
前句使用 “It was nt lng befre...” 句型，意为 “不久之后……”，befre 引导时间状语从句，强调绿茶普及的速度。
后句 “available t” 表示 “可被…… 获得”，通过 “richer sectins” 对比，突出当时茶的阶级属性。
翻译：不久后，绿茶就有了购买渠道，但那时只有富裕阶层才能享用。
2. They sn discvered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar，giving the drink a special British characteristic.
分析：
that 引导宾语从句，说明 “discvered” 的内容；
“giving the ” 是现在分词短语作结果状语，解释加奶和糖的影响。
翻译：后来他们很快发现，加入少量牛奶和糖能让茶的口感更佳，这也赋予了该饮品独特的英国特色。
3. This invlves drinking tea with a snack arund 4 pm t avid feeling hungry between lunch and dinner.
分析：
“invlves ding sth.” 表示 “涉及 / 包括做某事”；
不定式短语 “t avid feeling hungry” 作目的状语，说明喝下午茶的意图。
翻译：这意味着在下午 4 点左右边喝茶边吃点心，以避免午餐到晚餐之间感到饥饿。
高考真题链接
（2023·全国乙卷·高考真题）What cmes int yur mind when yu think f British fd? Prbably fish and chips, r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables. But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine, it is prducing mre tp class chefs wh appear frequently n ur televisin screens and whse recipe bks frequently tp the best seller lists.
It’s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits. It is recently reprted that the number f thse sticking t a traditinal diet is slwly declining and arund half f Britain’s cnsumers wuld like t change r imprve their cking in sme way. There has been a rise in the number f students applying fr fd curses at UK universities and clleges. It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.
Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients (配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking. The UK’s bsessin (痴迷) with fd is reflected thrugh televisin scheduling. Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast mre ften than befre. With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.
8．What d peple usually think f British fd?
A．It is simple and plain.B．It is rich in nutritin.
C．It lacks authentic tastes.D．It deserves a high reputatin.
9．Which best describes ckery prgramme n British TV?
A．Authritative.B．Creative.C．Prfitable.D．Influential.
10．Which is the percentage f the peple using mre diverse ingredients nw?
A．20%.B．24%.C．25%.D．33%.
11．What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
A．The art f cking in ther cuntries.B．Male chefs n TV prgrammes.
C．Table manners in the UK.D．Studies f big eaters.
1.原句：Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine, it is prducing mre tp class chefs wh appear frequently n ur televisin screens and whse recipe bks frequently tp the best seller lists.
结构解析：
让步状语从句：Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine（尽管英国以不太出色的烹饪闻名）。
主句：it is prducing mre tp class chefs（它正在培养更多顶级厨师）。
定语从句 1：wh appear frequently n ur televisin screens（他们频繁出现在电视屏幕上），修饰 “chefs”。
定语从句 2：whse recipe bks frequently tp the best seller lists（他们的食谱书常居畅销书榜首），同样修饰 “chefs”，通过 “whse” 连接所属关系。
翻译：尽管英国以不太出色的烹饪闻名，但它正培养出更多顶级厨师，这些厨师频繁出现在电视屏幕上，他们的食谱书也常居畅销书榜首。
2.原句：It’s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits.
结构解析：
强调句：It’s + 强调部分（thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign）+ that + 剩余部分。
谓语部分：are turning away frm... and becming...（正在远离…… 并变得……），用 and 连接两个并列的现在分词结构。
翻译：正是多亏了这些电视厨师，而非任何广告活动，英国人才开始远离 “肉和两种蔬菜” 及即食食品，并在烹饪习惯上变得更具冒险精神。
背景知识：
1.英国饮食文化的传统与变革：
传统英国饮食常被调侃为 “简单乏味”，典型如 “炸鱼薯条（fish and chips）”“周日烤肉（Sunday rast）”，以肉类、土豆和蔬菜为主，口味偏清淡。
21 世纪以来，英国饮食受多元文化（如印度、中国、地中海饮食）及电视烹饪节目的影响，逐渐向多样化、国际化转变。例如，戈登・拉姆齐（Grdn Ramsay）、杰米・奥利弗（Jamie Oliver）等电视厨师通过节目推广新鲜食材和创新烹饪，推动了英国 “饮食革命”。
2.电视烹饪节目的社会影响：
英国是烹饪节目大国，代表节目如《厨艺大师》（MasterChef）、《周六厨房》（Saturday Kitchen），不仅改变了公众的烹饪习惯，还催生了 “家庭烹饪热”，尤其是年轻一代对食材品质和烹饪技巧的关注度显著提升。
数据支持：文中提到 “1/5 英国人因看电视烹饪节目尝试新食物”，反映出媒体对饮食文化的重塑作用。
阅读微技能（解题技巧）
8. 细节理解题：What d peple usually think f British fd?
关键词定位：题干中 “usually think f” 对应首段 “cmes int yur mind”“reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine”。
选项分析：
A. It is simple and plain.（简单朴素）—— 与 “uninteresting”“meat-and-tw-veg” 呼应，正确。
B. It is rich in nutritin.（营养丰富）—— 文中未提及，排除。
C. It lacks authentic tastes.（缺乏正宗风味）——“authentic” 无依据，排除。
D. It deserves a high reputatin.（享有高声誉）—— 与 “less-than-impressive” 矛盾，排除。
技巧：通过首段转折词 “But” 前的内容快速定位传统印象，注意形容词（如 uninteresting）的情感色彩。
9. 推理判断题：Which best describes ckery prgrammes n British TV?
关键词定位：“ckery prgrammes” 对应第二段 “TV chefs”“helped change what peple think” 及第三段 “encuraged them t try different fd”。
选项分析：
D. Influential（有影响力的）—— 与 “changed cking habits”“mre cnfident” 等表述一致，正确。
A. Authritative（权威的）、B. Creative（创意的）、C. Prfitable（盈利的）—— 文中未强调节目权威性、盈利性或创意本身，排除。
技巧：关注文中因果关系词（如 thanks t, help, encurage），通过结果反推节目特点。
10. 细节理解题：Which is the percentage f the peple using mre diverse ingredients nw?
关键词定位：“percentage”“mre diverse ingredients” 对应第三段 “Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients”。
选项分析：
D. 33%——“ne third” 约等于 33.3%，与选项 D 最接近，正确。
A. 20%（1/5）、B. 24%、C. 25%（1/4）—— 均对应文中其他数据，排除。
技巧：快速匹配分数与百分比（1/3≈33%，1/4=25%，1/5=20%），注意题干与原文的同义替换（wider variety = mre diverse）。
11. 推理判断题：What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
段落逻辑分析：末段最后一句提到 “With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger ‘uncl’ fr bys t like cking.”，话题聚焦于 “男性厨师”。
选项分析：
B. Male chefs n TV prgrammes.（电视上的男性厨师）—— 与末段尾句衔接最紧密，正确。
A. 其他国家的烹饪艺术、C. 英国餐桌礼仪、D. 大胃王研究 —— 均与文章主题 “英国饮食与电视节目影响” 无关，排除。
技巧：段落推断题需关注尾段核心话题，正确选项通常与尾句关键词（如 male chefs）直接相关，避免过度引申。
总结：
文章主题：英国饮食从传统 “乏味” 向现代 “多元” 的转变，电视烹饪节目对公众烹饪习惯的影响。
解题核心：通过关键词定位（如 reputatin, TV chefs, percentage）和段落逻辑（如首段转折、末段延伸）快速破题，注意同义替换和情感色彩词的作用。
综合实战演练
Passage 1
（24-25高一下·湖北武汉·期末）Billinaire Carl Icahn has stepped up his fight with McDnald’s ver the welfare f pigs used in its fd chain. Mr Icahn, whse n-nnsense reputatin fr shaking-up cmpanies made him a Wall Street legend, has prpsed Leslie Samuelrich and Maisie Ganzler stand fr electin at the 2022 annual meeting. He wns nly 200 McDnald’s shares (股份), which gives him pwer t stir up fr change, thugh it was reprted that he was inspired by his daughter, an animal right activist wh has wrked fr the Humane Sciety.
McDnald’s says it has led the way in imprving animal welfare standards. The battle centers n claims abut pregnant pigs being kept in small crates (板条箱), a practice Mr Icahn said was “dirty”. He said McDnald’s had nt lived up t a prmise t stp the prk frm pigs hused in crates fr the pregnant, a practice targeted by animal lvers. He had asked all McDnald’s prk suppliers in the US t mve t “crate-free prk”, alng time-frames he had set.
Activist investrs such as Mr Icahn-ne f a handful f feared investrs said t have been the mdel fr Grdn Gekk in the 1987 mvie Wall Street-nrmally fcus n cmpanies they believe need restructuring.
McDnald’s prmised t stp rdering prk frm suppliers putting pregnant pigs in crates back in 2012. The firm said it had “led the industry” since then and abut a third f US prk suppliers have mved t grup husing systems. It said it expected t surce 85% t 90% f its prk frm these suppliers by the year’s end. All f the prk it buys will cme frm these suppliers by 2024.
McDnald’s said in a statement that it wuld cntinue t wrk with the industry t imprve standards, but that sme f Mr Icahn’s demands were unreasnable. It als nted that Mr Icahn was the majrity wner f Viskase, which makes and supplies packaging fr the prk and pultry industry. It added that he had “nt publicly called” n Viskase t make similar cmmitments.
1．What enables Mr Icahn t fight with McDnald’s?
A．His determinatin fr shaking-up cmpanies.B．His 200 McDnald’s shares.
C．His animal-lver daughter.D．His prpsal fr tw peple.
2．The underlined wrd “n-nnsense” in paragraph 1 prbably means ________.
A．humrus and easy-gingB．direct and seriusC．careless and lazyD．unlucky and pr
3．What prk des Mr Icahn recmmend?
A．Prk frm pigs raised by cnventin.B．Prk frm pigs kept in small crates.
C．Prk frm crate-free pigs.D．Prk frm pregnant pigs.
4．What has McDnald said?
A．All its prk will meet Mr Icahn’s standard this year.
B．It has becme N. 1 in the fd industry since 2012.
C．Mr Icahn shuld make the same demand fr Viskase.
D．It is unreasnable fr Mr Icahn t be an wner f Viskase
Passage 2
（25-26高二·全国·假期作业）Fd is nt just a means f satisfying hunger; it is deeply intertwined with culture. It reflects the histry, traditins, values, and scial structures f a sciety. Fr example, in many Asian cultures, rice is a staple fd that has been cultivated fr thusands f years. The way rice is grwn, prepared, and served is an integral part f the culture. In Japan, the art f making sushi, which uses rice as a base, is highly regarded. Sushi-making invlves precise techniques and an understanding f the quality f ingredients. It is nt nly a culinary skill but als a cultural expressin that reflects the Japanese values f precisin, harmny, and respect fr nature.
In Western cultures, bread hlds a significant place. In France, the baguette is mre than just a type f bread; it is a symbl f French culture. The prcess f making a baguette requires patience and skill, frm kneading the dugh t baking it t a perfect glden-brwn crust. French peple ften enjy baguettes with cheese, butter, r cld cuts, and it is a cmmn sight t see them walking dwn the street with a freshly baked baguette under their arm. This simple yet icnic fd represents the French lve fr gd fd, their appreciatin fr the artisanal, and their relaxed lifestyle.
Fd als plays a crucial rle in cultural celebratins. In the United States, Thanksgiving is a majr hliday centered arund a large meal. The traditinal Thanksgiving dinner includes turkey, mashed ptates, cranberry sauce, and pumpkin pie. These fds are nt nly delicius but als have histrical and cultural significance. Turkey, fr example, was ne f the fds served at the first Thanksgiving feast in 1621, symblizing the harvest and the cperatin between the Pilgrims and the Native Americans.
1．What des the example f sushi-making in Japan shw?
A．The imprtance f rice in Asian diets.B．The high-level culinary skills in Japan.
C．The reflectin f Japanese culture in fd.D．The ppularity f sushi in Japan.
2．Why is the baguette imprtant in French culture?
A．It is the mst ppular fd in France.B．It represents French cultural values.
C．It is easy t make and widely available.D．It is ften served with ther delicius fds.
3．What can we learn abut Thanksgiving fd in the United States?
A．It has n special cultural meaning.B．It is mainly abut enjying delicius fd.
C．It symblizes histrical events and cperatin.D．It has changed a lt ver the years.
4．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．The variety f staple fds in different cultures.B．The rle f fd in cultural celebratins.
C．The imprtance f fd in different cuntries.D．The deep cnnectin between fd and culture.
Passage 3
（山西省阳泉市2024~2025学年高一下学期期末英语试题）Hw t Make Hmemade Fd
Making hmemade fd is a great way t save mney and eat well. Here are ways t make yur wn fd.
1
Every hme chef needs t knw sme basic skills, like hw t chp (切) vegetables, bil an egg, and ck rice. These skills will take yu far if yu spend sme time learning them nw befre trying mre cmplicated recipes (菜谱).
Learn kitchen safety t prtect yurself and thers.
Kitchen safety is abut bvius abut bvius dangers, such as cutting yurself with a knife r burning yurself n the stve. 2 Since we ften ignre them, it becmes crucial t seek ut mre knwledge. Explre vides abut kitchen safety t help yu learn things.
Find recipes nline and thrugh cking apps.
When yu’re just starting ut, a recipe is a gd place t begin. 3 It can be a great way t get started when yu dn’t have much experience. Cking apps put the recipes at the tips f yur fingers, and yu can save yur favrite recipes fr later.
Be creative!
4 A recipe is just a guide, and yu have t develp the knwledge t knw when yu need t fllw that guide and when nt t. Make yur wn rules in the kitchen.
Be prepared fr mistakes, but dn’t wrry abut them.
Mistakes are ging t happen in the kitchen. Try t crrect them if yu can. If yu can’t fix them, laugh them ff and learn frm yur mistake! If yu want t try a new recipe, practice when yu have the time, such as n the weekend. 5 With much practice, yu’ll gain cnfidence and skill, turning hmemade cking int a rewarding and enjyable part f yur life.
A．It’s kay t change the recipe.
B．Dn’t cmpletely change yur recipe.
C．Try watching vides t learn the basics.
D．Lk fr simple recipes that yu’d like t try.
E．Hwever, it’s als abut the less bvius dangers.
F．Wrk n yur basic skills t imprve yur cking.
G．Dn’t try it ut when yu are ging t be feeding a crwd.
Passage 4
（25-26高二·全国·假期作业）Pizza, ne f the mst ppular fds wrldwide, has a lng and rich histry that is clsely tied t Italian culture. Its rigins can be traced back t ancient civilizatins. In ancient Greece, peple baked flatbreads with varius tppings, which were a precursr t mdern-day pizza. Hwever, it was in Naples, Italy, that pizza as we knw it tday truly tk shape.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, Naples was a bustling city with a large wrking-class ppulatin. Pizza became a ppular and affrdable meal fr the lcals. These early pizzas were simple, with a basic dugh tpped with tmates, cheese, and smetimes herbs. They were ften sld by street vendrs and eaten n the g.
The turning pint fr pizza’s ppularity came in 1889 when a Neaplitan pizza maker named Raffaele Espsit created a special pizza fr the visit f King Umbert I and Queen Margherita f Italy. T represent the clrs f the Italian flag, he used tmates (red), mzzarella cheese (white), and basil (green). This pizza, named Pizza Margherita, nt nly became an instant favrite f the ryal cuple but als a symbl f Italian natinal identity.
As Italians immigrated t ther parts f the wrld, especially the United States, they brught their lve fr pizza with them. In the early 20th century, the first pizzerias pened in American cities like New Yrk. Initially, pizza was mainly ppular amng Italian - American cmmunities. But ver time, with marketing effrts and the increasing acceptance f diverse cuisines, pizza became a mainstream fd in America. Tday, pizza is a glbal phenmenn, with cuntless variatins in tppings, crust styles, and cking methds. Frm the thin - crust New Yrk - style pizza t the deep - dish Chicag - style pizza, each regin has put its wn spin n this classic dish.
1．What was the precursr f mdern-day pizza?
A．Ancient Greek flatbreads with tppings.B．Neaplitan street-sld bread.
C．The bread baked by Raffaele Espsit.D．The fd sld in early American pizzerias.
2．Why did Raffaele Espsit create Pizza Margherita?
A．T make a pizza fr the wrking-class.B．T shw his baking skills.
C．T represent the clrs f the Italian flag.D．T create a new type f pizza fr sale.
3．Hw did pizza becme ppular in America?
A．Italian immigrants intrduced it and marketing effrts helped.
B．American peple traveled t Italy and brught it back.
C．American pizzerias sld it at a very lw price.
D．The ryal cuple f Italy recmmended it t Americans.
4．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Pizza has always been ppular all ver the wrld.
B．Different regins have different styles f pizza.
C．The riginal pizza had a lt f cmplex tppings.
D．Pizza is the mst ppular fd in the United States.
Passage 5
（24-25高一下·浙江丽水·期末）Have yu ever wndered why yu chse ne fd ver anther? Scientists in Australia have made an interesting discvery. They fund that what we see right befre lking at fd can influence ur fd decisins. This finding culd change hw we market fd, design restaurant menus, and even treat eating disrders.
Prfessr David Alais frm the University f Sydney led the study. His team ran an experiment with 600 peple. They shwed the participants hundreds f fd images ne by ne. The participants had t mve a slider and click t rate hw attractive the fd lked and guess its calrie cntent.
After analyzing the results carefully, they discvered smething called serial dependence (序列依赖). This means that if yu saw a fd yu really liked r thught had a high calrie cunt, yu were mre likely t rate the next fd higher than yu nrmally wuld. On the ther hand, if the previus fd didn’t lk gd t yu, the next ne wuld prbably get a lwer rating. This effect is autmatic (自动的), just like when the wind blws n yur skin r yu see a bright red flash. It’s related t hw ur senses wrk, and it’s cnnected t a part f the brain that scientists have nly recently learned abut.
This culd affect hw we make chices n delivery apps r digital restaurant menus, where cnsumers are faced with fd decisins based n many images f fd. Maybe the fd that seems mre attractive isn’t really the ne we want the mst. It culd be because the previus image made it seem better. Restaurants and marketers can als benefit frm this knwledge. Restaurants can arrange their menus t make custmers like mre prfitable dishes. Fr example, they can put high-prfit items after sme really attractive fd pictures.
After further research is carried ut, this culd als be used in the treatment f eating disrders. They can use this “simple sensry prcess” t help thse wh vereat r undereat change the way they think abut fd.
1．What were the participants expected t d in the study?
A．Grade the appearance f the fd.
B．Design suitable restaurant menus.
C．Guess the calrie f the eaten fd.
D．Click n the attractive fd images.
2．What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A．Hw serial dependence is applied.
B．Hw serial dependence wrks.
C．What influences serial dependence.
D．What causes serial dependence.
3．Hw can restaurants make prfits accrding t paragraph 4?
A．By chsing pretty fd images.
B．By arranging free delivery services.
C．By making decisins fr custmers.
D．By adjusting the sequence f items.
4．Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．New Reasns Why We Make Fd Chices
B．Imprtant Facts abut Our Fd Marketing
C．Several Gd Ways t Treat Eating Disrder
D．The Unusual Discverer f Serial Dependence
Passage 6
（24-25高二下·浙江温州·期末）Cca-Cla will be using ver 4.1 billin kilgrams f plastic a year by the year 2030, unless it stps using single-use plastic, accrding t a reprt frm the cnservatin rganizatin Oceana.
Oceana als estimates that by 2030, an annual 602 millin kilgrams f Cca-Cla’s plastic packaging will be plluting the wrld’s ceans and waterways. The reprt says that this is enugh plastic t fill the stmachs f 18 millin blue whales. Oceana made its estimates using Cca-Cla’s wn reprted data n its use f plastic packaging between 2018 and 2023, and a frecast f the cmpany’s future sales grwth based n past trends.
A 2024 study fund that Cca-Cla is already the wrld’s wrst plastic-plluting brand. Oceana says the prblem is Cca-Cla’s use f single-use plastic instead f reusable packaging. Reusable bttles can be used up t 25 times if made f thicker plastic, and up t 50 times if made f glass. Cca-Cla previusly had a gal f using 25% reusable packaging by 2030, but annunced that it had given up that gal at the end f 2024.
Instead, the cmpany says it will increase the use f recycled plastic in its packaging and increase cllectin f single-use plastic bttles fr further recycling. Hwever, Oceana says that relying n the use f recycled materials and cllectin f plastic fr recycling wn’t reduce the great influence f Cca-Cla’ s plastic ftprint.
The rganizatin’s Senir Vice President Matt Littlejhn said: “Single-use plastic is bad fr the ceans, human health, and business. Recycling can’t slve the cmpany’s ut-f-cntrl plastic prblem. Reuse can.” He added, “Single-use plastic bttles made with recycled cntent can — just like bttles made f virgin plastic — still becme marine pllutin and harm cean life.” As well as harming sea life, plastic use is als harmful fr human health. Several studies have cnnected plastic pllutin and micrplastics t serius health cnditins, such as cancer, heart disease and dementia. Oceana suggests Cca-Cla shuld take real actin that can address its plastic prblem nw, namely replacing single-use packaging with reusable packaging.
1．What was Cca-Cla’s riginal plan fr 2030?
A．T use 25% reusable packaging.
B．T stp all plastic bttle prductin.
C．T recycle 100% f its plastic waste.
D．T replace plastics with glass bttles.
2．What is Oceana’s attitude tward Cca-Cla’s recycled plastic plicy?
A．Supprtive.B．Critical.C．Reserved.D．Indifferent.
3．What can we infer accrding t Matt Littlejhn?
A．Blue whales are the mst affected by plastic waste.
B．Reusable packaging is a better slutin than recycling.
C．Micrplastics mainly cme frm nn-recycled bttles.
D．Cca-Cla’s new plan will slve plastic pllutin effectively.
4．Which is the mst suitable title fr the passage?
A．Hw t Stp Ocean Pllutin.
B．Cca-Cla’s New Reusable Plan.
C．A Grwing Threat f Plastic Bttles.
D．Cca-Cla’s Plastic Pllutin Prblem.
Passage 7
（23-24高三上·广东江门·期中）Tea drinking started in China ver 4000 years ag. Tea is made frm leaves. These days, sme peple drink tea fr health, using it t help with stress r lsing weight.
Hwever, mst peple in tea-drinking cuntries think f tea as mre than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in sme cuntries is a part f the culture. In Turkey, tea is always there when peple meet. Whether in smene’s hme r a cmpany, tea is always ffered as a way f welcming. In the UK, hmes and ffices usually have tea time. Tea and ther dishes are served at tea time in the afternn. It is a way f relaxing with friends r c-wrkers.
Cffee came much later than tea, just ver 1000 years ag. Cffee is made frm beans. Smething in the cffee beans makes a persn feel active. Mst peple d nt drink cffee t relax. Instead, they drink cffee t get ging. Many peple drink cffee in the mrning t help them wake up. Others will als drink cffee during shrt breaks in the afternn t keep ging thrugh the wrking day. Sme peple may visit cffee shps just t meet and talk with friends. Hwever, many peple in cffee shps drink cffee while wrking n their cmputers.
Is tea r cffee mre cmmn in yur cuntry? Between the tw, which d yu like t drink mre?
1．Where did tea drinking start?
A．In Japan.B．In China.C．In TurkeyD．In the UK.
2．We can learn frm Paragraph 2 that peple in the UK ________.
A．drink tea t get fatB．ffer tea t say gdbye
C．think f tea as a bad drinkD．have tea t relax themselves
3．What is cffee made frm?
A．Leaves.B．Sugar.C．Dishes.D．Beans.
4．Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t Paragraph 3?
A．Cffee came much earlier than tea.
B．Many peple drink cffee t wake up.
C．Many peple wrk n their cmputers in cffee shps.
D．Sme peple meet and talk with friends in cffee shps
5．What is the best title f the passage?
A．The Smells f Tea and Cffee
B．The Prices f Tea and Cffee
C．The different Cultures f Tea and Cffee
D．The Different Ways f Making Tea and Cffee
Passage 8
（24-25高一下·上海·阶段练习）Tea fr Tw Times the Price
There is s little Turks agree n these days that even settling n the cuntry’s natinal drink is hard. Secularists pick raki, a wine best had with baked fish and music. Religius cnservatives, including President Recep Tayyip Erdgan, insist n a milky and nn-alchlic drink called ayran.
1 An average Turk gets thrugh abut 3.5kg f tea every year, r almst fur glasses a day, ahead f every ther cuntry including Britain, India, China and Russia. Turkey is als the wrld’s sixth-biggest prducer f the leaf. N ne has ever entered a huse r a gvernment ffice in Turkey withut being ffered a glass. (Cups are fr cffee, r fr turists.)
Nw change is taking place in an ancient industry. The gvernment is ffering subsidies (补贴) t tea farmers wh g rganic, hping that freigners will then pay mre fr Turkish tea. 2
At ne f the cmpany’s factries near Rize, a drab city brdered n ne side by the sea and by muntains cvered in green carpets f tea n the ther, the manager, Kksal Kasapglu, says the plicy has already wrked. Organic prductin at Caykur has sht up frm under 100 acres a decade ag t abut 10,000 tday, abut 5% f the ttal area under cultivatin, he says.
Sme peple we the ppularity f tea in Turkey largely t price. 3 Many Turks chse the new drink ver cffee, which they had been drinking fr centuries, but which had becme hard t affrd.
4 Partly because rganically grwn tea requires mre land t prduce the same amunt f crp, it csts rughly twice as much as the standard kind. Taxpayers’ cash can n dubt persuade many farmers t g rganic. But with the ecnmy declining, cnvincing Turkish tea-drinkers t buy the stuff will be harder.
A．What if Turks can affrd rganic tea?
B．A gd thing, then, that there is tea, arund which all can unite.
C．In the secnd half f the 19th century, when tea arrived in the Ottman empire, the ecnmy was in decline.
D．Price is just as imprtant tday.
E．Tea wasn’t Turks’ favurite until recently.
F．The state tea cmpany, Caykur, the cuntry’s largest prducer, will turn entirely t rganic farming by 2025.
G．The gvernment has banned the prductin f nn-rganic tea t prmte health.
茶类与饮品
茶具与动作
文化与习俗
black tea 红茶
green tea 绿茶
herbal tea 花草茶
milk tea 奶茶
bubble tea 珍珠奶茶
tea set 茶具
tea kettle 茶壶
brew tea 沏茶
steep tea 泡茶
pur tea 倒茶
tea ceremny 茶道
tea party 茶会
high tea 晚餐茶（搭配热食）
tea culture 茶文化
tea huse 茶馆
英文词汇 / 短语
中文解释
拓展用法 / 例句
less-than-impressive
不太令人印象深刻的
反义词：impressive（令人印象深刻的）
cuisine [kwɪˈziːn]
烹饪；菜肴
French cuisine 法国菜；a cuisine expert 烹饪专家
tp class chefs
顶级厨师
tp 在此为形容词，意为 “顶尖的”；也可作动词，如 tp the list（位居榜首）
recipe bks
食谱书
recipe [ˈresəpi] n. 食谱；秘诀
turn away frm
远离；放弃
同义短语：abandn, give up n
meat-and-tw-veg
肉和两种蔬菜（英国传统饮食）
典型英式家常菜，如烤牛肉配土豆和胡萝卜
ready-made meals
即食食品
ready-made adj. 现成的；meals 可替换为 fds
adventurus [ədˈventʃərəs]
富有冒险精神的；创新的
在文中指尝试新食材或烹饪方法：an adventurus ck 勇于创新的厨师
ingredients [ɪnˈɡriːdiənts]
配料；原料
烹饪类核心词汇，如 main ingredients 主要原料
bsessin [əbˈseʃn]
痴迷；热衷
搭配：bsessin with sth. 对…… 的痴迷；形容词：bsessed（be bsessed with）
bradcast [ˈbrɔːdkæst]
播出；广播
过去式 / 过去分词：bradcast 或 bradcasted
语篇
题型
体裁
词数
内容简介
Passage 1
阅读理解
新闻报道
344
文章讲述了亿万富翁Carl Icahn为了猪的福利与麦当劳斗争的故事，他建议麦当劳采购非圈养的生猪。
Passage 2
阅读理解
说明文
293
文章主要介绍食物与文化紧密相连，能反映社会的历史、传统、价值观和社会结构。
Passage 3
七选五
说明文
295
本文介绍了如何制作自制食物的方法和建议。
Passage 4
阅读理解
说明文
302
本文主要介绍了披萨的历史渊源、发展过程以及在全球范围内的流行和多样化。
Passage 5
阅读理解
说明文
346
文章介绍了澳大利亚科学家发现，人们看到的上一张食物图片会无意识地影响对下一张的评分，即存在序列依赖效应，这一机制可应用于菜单设计、营销策略及饮食障碍治疗。
Passage 6
阅读理解
说明文
341
文章主要讲述了保护组织Oceana的报告指出可口可乐公司塑料污染问题严重，分析原因并建议其用可重复使用包装取代一次性包装。
Passage 7
阅读理解
说明文
233
文章主要讲述茶和咖啡的起源、制作材料、在不同国家的文化意义以及人们的饮用习惯差异。文章通过对比茶与咖啡的历史背景、社会功能和文化内涵，突出了它们在日常生活中的角色。
Passage 8
七选五
说明文
307
文章主要讲述了土耳其人热爱喝茶，政府正推动茶叶有机种植以提高出口价格，但有机茶叶成本高，且在经济不景气时，说服土耳其人购买将更具挑战性。