高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists精品课后练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists精品课后练习题，共13页。
主题：简单介绍人物的生平
写作框架：
写作常用表达：
1. Yu said in yur last letter that ... 你在上一封信中说
2. Knwing frm yur letter that...从你的来信中得知
3. Yu have asked fr my advice with regard t...您向我咨询了有关方面的意见。
4. I am writing t try t make sme suggestins n...我写这封信是想就提出一些建议。
5. I am writing t express my views cncerning...我写此信是为了表达我对的看法。
7. I wuld like t suggest that...我想提出以下建议
8. There are several things we culd d.我们可以做几件事。
9. Maybe it wuld be better t... 或许这样做会更好
10. Why dn’t yu 你为什么不？
11. Have yu cnsidered 你有没有考虑过做？
12. I hpe yu will find these suggestins practical/useful/helpful.我希望您会觉得这些建议切实可行、有用且有益。
写作句型：
【第一段】引出人物并作简要信息的介绍
①我最钦佩的人是……
The persn（that) I admire mst is ...
②在所有杰出人物中，我最钦佩的是……
Of all the utstanding peple, I admire ...
③我们周围有很多值得尊敬的人。我最钦佩的人是……
There are many respectable peple arund us. The ne wh I admire mst is...
④某人出生于某地/某年某月
sb. was brn in 某地/某年某月
⑤对（做某事）表现出极大的兴趣、对某事有强烈的爱好
shw great interest in (ding) sth/have a passin fr sth.
⑥在（做某事）方面有天赋、在（做某事）方面有才能
be gifted in (ding) sth./have a gift fr (ding)sth.
⑦毕业于+学校+专业
graduate frm +学校 in+专业
【第二段】主要的经历和贡献
担任/ 履行……身份
wrk as/ serve as+身份
某人将…… 投入到（进行）某事中
sb. devte ... t(ding) sth.
在某事中发挥关键作用
play a key rle in sth.
强烈的意志/ 决心
strng will/ determinatin
为（做）某事做出贡献
make a cntributin t (ding) sth.
使某人能够做某事
enable sb. t d sth.
【第三段】影响以及启示
①为某人赢得良好的声誉。
gain/ win a gd fame fr sb.
② 赞扬/高度评价……
speak/think highly f ...
③ 获得某物/被称为……
be awarded sth./be called ...
④ 因……而闻名/出名
be well knwn/ famus fr ...
⑤ 为某人树立好榜样
set a gd example t sb.
⑥令人钦佩并值得尊重
deserve ur admiratin and respect
写作模板：
Brn in_________________(出生地),_________________(人物)was/is_________________(职业或头衔).
When he/she was yung,_________________(事件). In_________________(时间),(事件). Frm_________________(时间) t_________________(时间),he/she_________________(事件或经历). He/She made a great cntributin t_________________(成就).
（2020年全国I卷）你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以我最尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 人物简介；
2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意：词数100左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【范文】
The Persn I Respect and Admire Mst
The persn I respect and admire mst is Stephen Hawking. He is a wrld-famus physicist. Brn in 1942, he made great cntributins t the study f black hles and the thery f the universe despite his serius illness.
I respect him because f his indmitable will. Despite being severely physically disabled, he never gave up his pursuit f scientific truth. He cntinued t explre the mysteries f the universe with his brilliant mind. His scientific achievements are remarkable and his psitive attitude twards life in the face f great difficulties is an inspiratin t all f us. It shws that n matter hw tugh the situatin is, ne can still shine brightly.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生参加学校组织的英语作文比赛，简要介绍自己最尊敬和爱戴的人，并具体阐述背后的原因。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
放弃：give up→quit, abandn
成就：achievement→accmplishment, attainment
非凡的：remarkable→extrardinary, exceptinal
表明：shw→indicate, demnstrate
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I respect him because f his indmitable will.
拓展句：I respect him because he had an indmitable will.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Despite being severely physically disabled, he never gave up his pursuit f scientific truth. (运用了动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2] It shws that n matter hw tugh the situatin is, ne can still shine brightly. (运用了that引导宾语从句、n matter hw引导让步状语从句)

（24-25高二上·陕西铜川·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Jenny来信询问你最喜欢的科学家，请你根据下面的写作提示，给她写一封回信。内容包括：
1．屠呦呦，1930年出生于中国宁波：
2．她长期致力于研究疟疾的治疗方法，因发现青蒿素而荣获2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖；
3．她是第一位获得科学类诺贝尔奖的中国科学家。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jenny,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jenny,
The scientist I admire mst is Tu Yuyu, wh was brn in 1930 in Ningb, China. She is well knwn because she was awarded the Nbel Prize fr Physilgy r Medicine 2015 fr her great cntributins t medicine.
Since graduating frm university, she has devted her time and energy t discvering a treatment fr malaria, a deadly disease in the past. After wrking hard with her team fr years, she finally fund artemisinin, which has saved millins f lives arund the wrld.
Tu Yuyu is the first Chinese scientist t win the Nbel Prize fr Science. Her winning the reward shws that traditinal Chinese medicine is f great value. She is such a great rle mdel that I admire her mst.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给澳大利亚笔友Jenny回信介绍最喜欢的科学家。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：well knwn→famus
发现：discver→find
最后：finally→eventually
有价值：be f great value→valuable
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：Tu Yuyu is the first Chinese scientist t win the Nbel Prize fr Science. Her winning the reward shws that traditinal Chinese medicine is f great value.
拓展句：Nt nly is Tu Yuyu the first Chinese scientist t win the Nbel Prize fr Science, but als her winning the reward shws that traditinal Chinese medicine is f great value.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The scientist I admire mst is Tu Yuyu, wh was brn in 1930 in Ningb, China. (运用了wh引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] She is well knwn because she was awarded the Nbel Prize fr Physilgy r Medicine 2015 fr her great cntributins t medicine. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
1．（24-25高二上·广西桂林·阶段练习）你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请你以“A rle mdel t learn frm”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 介绍你的榜样的品质及其成就；
2. 说明你的榜样对你的影响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A rle mdel t learn frm
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
A rle mdel t learn frm
A rle mdel fr me t learn frm is Tu Yuyu, a researcher in medicine, wh has a psitive influence n my grwth.
I read abut her winning the Nbel Prize in a magazine, which was inspiring t me. What impressed me mst was that she and the team examined ver 2000 ld medical texts and 280, 000 plants. Having failed numerus times, they finally succeeded. Later, they even tested n themselves t make sure f safety!
I am s mved by her scientific spirit that I am determined t brave the challenges and try different ways t slve my prblems. I learn frm her that nly with devtin and persistence can I vercme difficulties and make a cntributin t the sciety.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“A rle mdel t learn frm”为题，写一篇短文参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
影响：influence →effect
大量的：numerus →plenty f
感动：mve →tuch
决心做某事：be determined t → make up ne’s mind
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Later, they even tested n themselves t make sure f safety!
拓展句：Later, what is astnishing is that they even tested n themselves t make sure f safety!
【点睛】[高分句型1] I read abut her winning the Nbel Prize in a magazine, which was inspiring t me. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I am s mved by her scientific spirit that I am determined t brave the challenges and try different ways t slve my prblems. (运用了s…that…引导的结果状语从句)
2．（24-25高二上·江西赣州·阶段练习）假如你是李华，你校英语报最近新开辟了“科学之星——我最敬佩的科学家”栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一位你最敬佩的科学工作者。
内容包括：1.人物简介；2.人物主要事迹或成就；3.人物的影响。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以根据所给要点进行适当发挥。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The scientist I admire mst is Yuan Lngping, an utstanding agricultural scientist knwn as the “Father f Hybrid Rice”.
A few decades ag, the lack f fd was ne f the main prblems threatening Chinese peple. After years f study, Yuan Lngping successfully develped the wrld’s first hybrid rice, which dramatically increased rice prductin. His apprach t rice breeding als serves as a slutin t fd prblems arund the glbe.
His stry gives me inspiratin and mtivates me t lve science, and I wuld like t make cntributins t it in the future.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇英语短文，介绍最敬佩的一名科学工作者。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
杰出的：utstanding → distinguished
剧烈地：dramatically → acutely
充当：serves as → act as
激励：mtivate → inspire
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A few decades ag, the lack f fd was ne f the main prblems threatening Chinese peple.
拓展句：A few decades ag, the lack f fd was ne f the main prblems that threatened Chinese peple.
【点睛】[高分句型1]The scientist I admire mst is Yuan Lngping, an utstanding agricultural scientist knwn as the “Father f Hybrid Rice”.（运用了省略引导词wh或that的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]After years f study, Yuan Lngping successfully develped the wrld’s first hybrid rice, which dramatically increased rice prductin.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
3．（24-25高二上·江西·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike对中国科学家的事迹很感兴趣。现在请你给他写封信与他分享某个科学家的成就或事迹。内容如下：
1.写信目的；
2.你的分享内容。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Mike,
Learning yur interest in great Chinese scientists, I’m writing t share with yu the achievements f Tu Yuyu.
Tu Yuyu is amng the greatest Chinese scientists and has been awarded the Nbel Prize fr Physilgy r Medicine. T fight against malaria, the cmmitted and patient scientist led her team t d numerus research and test varius plants. It was wing t her devtin and perseverance that she discvered artemisinin, which nt nly cured malaria but als prved the great value f traditinal Chinese medicine.
I believe her remarkable achievements are bund t leave yu a lasting impressin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Mike写一封信，分享某个中国科学家的成就或事迹，目的是满足笔友对中国科学家事迹的兴趣。
【详解】1.词汇积累
成就：achievement → accmplishment
奉献：devtin → dedicatin/cmmitment
发现：discver → find/uncver
卓越的：remarkable → distinguished/excellent
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Tu Yuyu is amng the greatest Chinese scientists and has been awarded the Nbel Prize fr Physilgy r Medicine.
拓展句：Tu Yuyu, wh is amng the greatest Chinese scientists, has been awarded the Nbel Prize fr Physilgy r Medicine.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning yur interest in great Chinese scientists, I’m writing t share with yu the achievements f Tu Yuyu. (运用了现在分词短语作原因状语)
[高分句型2] It was wing t her devtin and perseverance that she discvered artemisinin, which nt nly cured malaria but als prved the great value f traditinal Chinese medicine. (运用了强调句型和关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] I believe her remarkable achievements are bund t leave yu a lasting impressin. (运用了省略关系代词that的宾语从句)
4．（24-25高二上·江西抚州·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办“The scientist I admire mst”征文活动。请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
1.概述我最敬佩的科学家；
2.他/她的杰出事迹；
3.我的感想。
注意：1.词数不少于80字；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
The scientist I admire mst
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The scientist I admire mst
Fr this tpic, different peple may have different ideas. Amng all the scientists, I admire Yuan Lngping mst, wh is the persn with willingness t serve the cuntry.
In my pinin, Yuan Lngping is an excellent persn. As a tp scientist in the wrld, Mr. Yuan lived a very simple life, but his cntributins were invaluable t the field f science and agriculture. Withut him and his team, there wuld still be millins f peple having t face the threat f hunger. He devted his whle life t his cuntry and peple, and even t the wrld.
S we shuld learn frm Mr. Yuan. Lve ur cuntry and serve ur peple.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写题为“我最敬佩的科学家”的短文投稿，参加征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想法：idea→view
过……生活：live→lead
优秀的：excellent→ utstanding
献身于：devte neself t→be cmmitted t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my pinin, Yuan Lngping is an excellent persn
拓展句：In my pinin, Yuan Lngping is an excellent persn that deserves everyne’s admiratin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Amng all the scientists, I admire Yuan Lngping mst, wh is the persn with willingness t serve the cuntry with heart and sul.(运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Withut him and his team, there wuld still be millins f peple having t face the threat f hunger. (运用了虚拟语气)
5．（24-25高二上·陕西咸阳·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你校正在举办英语主题征文活动，请你写一篇英语短文，介绍你最敬佩的人。
1. 人物简介
2. 令人敬佩的原因
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
There are many scientists wh have driven scial develpment, amng whm, the ne I admire mst is Yuan Lngping, an utstanding agricultural scientist knwn as the “ father f hybrid rice”.
A few decades ag, lack f fd was ne f the main prblems threatening Chinese peple. After years f study, Yuan Lngping successfully develped the wrld’s first hybrid rice which dramatically increased rice prductin. His apprach t rice breeding als serves as a slutin t fd prblems arund the glbe.
There is n dubt that his cntributin is f great significance. His stry gives me inspiratin and mtivates me t lve science. And I wuld like t make cntributins t it
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所在学校正在举办英语主题征文活动，请你写一篇英语短文，介绍你最敬佩的人。
【详解】1.词汇积累
杰出的：utstanding→eminent
方法：apprach→methd
重要性：significance→imprtance
激励：mtivate→inspire
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：His stry gives me inspiratin and mtivates me t lve science.
拓展句：His stry gives me inspiratin , mtivating me t lve science.
【点睛】[高分句型1] After years f study, Yuan Lngping successfully develped the wrld’s first hybrid rice which dramatically increased rice prductin. (运用了which引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] There is n dubt that his cntributin is f great significance. (运用了that引的同位语从句)
6．（24-25高二上·云南红河·阶段练习）假设你校英语角将开办一次演讲比赛，致敬中国伟大的科学家，请你写一篇英语演讲稿赞颂一位科学家的事迹和精神。要点如下：1. 科学家的事迹；
2. 赞颂科学家精神；
3. 呼吁大家继承和发扬科学家精神。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Hnring Yuan Lngping
Hell, everyne! Knwn as “the Father f Hybrid Rice”, the great scientist I admire mst is Yuan Lngping. He devted ver sixty years t develping hybrid rice, helping t feed billins. Yuan Lngping’s hybrid rice significantly imprved crp yields, making a crucial impact n glbal fd security. His selflessness and perseverance embdy the spirit f dedicatin and service. He cared little fr fame r frtune, fcusing instead n imprving humanity’s well-being. Despite his glbal recgnitin, he remained a mdest and hardwrking scientist, always passinate abut innvatin.
Let us fllw his example, wrk hard, and cntribute t sciety by embracing the same spirit f innvatin and cmpassin.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英语演讲稿赞颂一位科学家的事迹和精神。
【详解】1.词汇积累
体现：embdy→reflect/demnstrate
影响：impact→influence
重要的：crucial→vital
同情心：cmpassin→sympathy
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：He devted ver sixty years t develping hybrid rice, helping t feed billins.
拓展句：He devted ver sixty years t develping hybrid rice, which helped t feed billins.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knwn as “the Father f Hybrid Rice”, the great scientist I admire mst is Yuan Lngping. (运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] He devted ver sixty years t develping hybrid rice, helping t feed billins. (运用了动名词作宾语)
第一部分
引出人物并作简要信息的介绍
第二部分
主要的经历和贡献
第三部分
影响以及他人的评价。