专题06 概要写作（优选上海名校真题）（上海专用）-【真题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编.zip

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专题06 概要写作（优选上海名校真题）
1．(23-24高二下·上海新川中学·期末)Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Light the Cities f the Future
A previusly unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn ur attentin. It has been resurfaced with a material that cnsists f thusands f shining stnes in rder t create a well-lit rute. The Van Ggh Path, s called after the artist wh lived in the twn f Nuenen in 1883, cmbines the traditinal with the cntemprary in a gesture that acknwledge ledges Van Gingh’ masterpiece The Starry Night, but als shws the way ahead fr city lighting. The Van Ggh Path is nt a single case; it is nt difficult t fresee a time when natural materials culd help light the cities f the future.
Why shuld we care abut city lighting? What’s wrng with current electrical city lighting anyway? Well, the prblem that it causes is tw-fld. First, f curse, electrical lighting in mst cities cmes frm nn-renewable resurces. Accrding t the Internatinal Energy Agency, almst 20% f glbal electricity is cnsumed fr lighting, which is respnsible fr high levels f carbn emissins. But there’s als the belief that electrical light itself is a frm f pllutin by destrying ur view f the night sky.
Frm the abve reasns, then, it seems wise t investigate ther appraches. The city f Glasgw is attempting t use intelligent street lighting t mnitr hw citizens interact with the urban landscape and minimize electrical cnsumptin and thus emissins. This “Smart City apprach” is seen by many as the way f the future, but sme designers aren’t cnvinced. They are pineering the altgether mre riginal apprach f using materials frm the natural wrld in rder t replace electrical light entirely. They believe that this new “technlgy” can ne day cmpletely replace micrchips and digital systems as we find better ways f making use f the light-prducing mechanisms (制) that already exist in the natural wrld.
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【答案】The passage discusses the innvatin in city lighting by intrducing the Van Ggh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminus stnes fr illuminatin. It highlights the envirnmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explres alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials t create a mre sustainable and visually appealing urban envirnment.
【来源】上海市新川中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期末英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先介绍了荷兰一条新铺设的发光自行车道——梵高之路，它使用了数千颗发光石来照明，以此引出城市照明的未来趋势。接着，文章讨论了当前城市照明存在的问题，包括能源消耗和光污染，并提出了智能街道照明和利用自然材料作为替代方案。最后，文章展望了这些新技术可能完全取代现有微芯片和数字系统的未来。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①The Van Ggh Path in the Netherlands has been resurfaced with luminus stnes t create a well-lit rute.
②Electrical lighting in mst cities cmes frm nn-renewable resurces and cntributes t high levels f carbn emissins.
③Electrical light is cnsidered a frm f pllutin that destrys ur view f the night sky.
④Alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials are being explred t create a mre sustainable urban envirnment.
2. 缜密构思
将第①要点作为引入，第②和第③要点整合讨论现有城市照明的问题，第④要点作为解决方案和未来展望。
3. 遣词造句
The Van Ggh Path, a luminus cycle path in the Netherlands, represents an innvative apprach t city lighting.
Current electrical city lighting is prblematic due t its reliance n nn-renewable resurces and the pllutin it causes.
Alternatives like intelligent street lighting and the use f natural materials are being cnsidered fr a mre sustainable and visually pleasing urban envirnment.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage discusses the innvatin in city lighting by intrducing the Van Ggh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminus stnes fr illuminatin. 运用了which引导的定语从句对第一段进行了总结。其中prep+ding的表达非常实用。
[高分句型2] It highlights the envirnmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explres alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials t create a mre sustainable and visually appealing urban envirnment. 运用了such as作状语对第二段和第三段进行了总结。其中遣词造句非常高级。
2．(23-24高二下·上海川沙中学·期末)Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
A Wise Way t Make Families Rules
All grups, f whatever size r nature, need standard perating prcedures. Withut them, grups may very well fall int cnfusin, chas and cnflict. The functins that rules can serve are indispensable. When it cmes t parenting, making rules can make a big difference in ur family as well. Actually, the issue is nt whether ur families need rules. We d need them. The real issue is hw t mtivate all family members t cmply with (遵守) them.
At sme time in ur lives we all have felt unmtivated t cmply with sme rule r plicy that we had n vice in making. Denied the pprtunity t participate in establishing a rule, mst peple feel impsed upn and resentful f the new rule. But when peple actively participate in setting a rule r making a decisin that will affect them, they are mre highly mtivated t cmply with it. We call this the Principle f Participatin, and it has prven its effectiveness in families as well.
When children are given the pprtunity t participate in setting rules r making decisins that will affect them, several gd things happen. Children feel better abut themselves — having mre self-esteem (自尊心) and self-cnfidence. Such a gd effect is due t their feeling that they have gained mre “fate cntrl” ver their wn lives. They als feel they are equal members f the family with an equal vice in making decisins and establishing rules — they’re part f a team, nt secnd-class citizens. This means that families that functin cllabratively and demcratically will have clser and warmer relatinships than thse in which the adults act as bsses r authrities expecting the children t bey the rules made fr them.
Anther imprtant reasn fr encuraging the full participatin f family members in decisin making is that it ften prduces higher-quality slutins t prblems. Tw heads (r three, r fur) are better than ne. Shared decisins will be based nt nly n the knwledge and experience f the adults but als n thse f the children. The admnitin (告诫) that father knws best shuld be challenged nw.
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【答案】The passage emphasizes the imprtance f establishing family rules thrugh active participatin f all family members, which fsters a sense f self-esteem, self-cnfidence, and equality amng them, leading t a mre cllabrative and demcratic family envirnment. It als highlights the benefits f cllective decisin-making in generating higher-quality slutins t family prblems.
【来源】上海市川沙中学2023-2024学年高二下学期五月期末英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了在家庭中制定规则的重要性，以及如何通过家庭成员的积极参与来提高遵守规则的动机。文章指出，当家庭成员有机会参与制定规则或决策时，他们会更愿意遵守这些规则，因为这是参与原则的应用。此外，文章还提到了参与规则制定对孩子们的积极影响，以及集体决策如何带来更高质量的解决方案。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①Withut them, grups may very well fall int cnfusin, chas and cnflict.
②The real issue is hw t mtivate all family members t cmply with them.
③We call this the Principle f Participatin, and it has prven its effectiveness in families as well.
④When children are given the pprtunity t participate in setting rules r making decisins that will affect them, several gd things happen.
⑤This means that families that functin cllabratively and demcratically will have clser and warmer relatinships than thse in which the adults act as bsses r authrities expecting the children t bey the rules made fr them.
⑥Shared decisins will be based nt nly n the knwledge and experience f the adults but als n thse f the children.
2. 缜密构思
将第①和②要点进行重组，将第③、④和⑤要点进行整合，最后将第⑥要点单独列出。
3. 遣词造句
The text underscres the significance f creating husehld guidelines thrugh the engaged invlvement f every family member
It cultivates a feeling f self-wrth, assurance, and mutual respect, resulting in a mre cperative and egalitarian hme atmsphere.
It als sptlights the advantages f jint decisin-making in yielding mre effective reslutins t dmestic issues.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage emphasizes the imprtance f establishing family rules thrugh active participatin f all family members, which fsters a sense f self-esteem, self-cnfidence, and equality amng them, leading t a mre cllabrative and demcratic family envirnment.运用了which引导的定语从句以及现在分词充当结果状语，对文章第一至第三段进行了总结。
[高分句型2] It als highlights the benefits f cllective decisin-making in generating higher-quality slutins t family prblems.运用了多种高级词汇以及介词+动名词的结构，对最后一段进行了总结。
3．(23-24高二下·上海进才中学·期末)Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint (s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Preventing Resistance
The develpment f drug-resistant pathgens (病原体) can be prevented in at least three ways. First, sufficiently high cncentratins f the drug can be maintained in a patient’s bdy fr a lng enugh time t kill all sensitive cells and hld thers lng enugh fr the bdy’s defenses t defeat them. Discntinuing a drug befre all f the pathgens have been neutralized prmtes the develpment f resistance. Fr this reasn, it is imprtant that patients finish their entire antimicrbial prescriptin (抗菌药物) and resist the temptatin t “save sme fr anther day.”
A secnd way t prevent resistance is t use antimicrbial agents in cmbinatin s that pathgens resistant t ne drug will be killed by the secnd, and vice versa. Additinally, ne drug smetimes enhances the effect f a secnd drug in a prcess called synergism. Enhanced effect can als result frm cmbining an antimicrbial drug and a chemical.
A third way t reduce the develpment f resistance is t limit the use f antimicrbials t necessary cases. Unfrtunately, many antimicrbial agents are used indiscriminately, in bth develped cuntries and in lessdevelped regins where many are available withut a physician’s prescriptin. In the United States, an estimated 50 percent f prescriptins fr antibacterial agents t treat sre thrats and 30 percent f prescriptins fr ear infectins, are inapprpriate because the diseases are viral in nature. Likewise, because antibacterial drugs have n effect n cld and flu viruses, 100 percent f antibacterial prescriptins fr treating diseases are unnecessary. As discussed previusly, the use f antimicrbial agents encurages the reprductin f resistant bacteria by limiting the grwth f sensitive cells; therefre, inapprpriate use f such drugs increases the likelihd that resistance f bacteria will multiply.
In rder t maintain the effectiveness f antimicrbial treatments, respnsible practices must be implemented.
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【答案】There are three ways t prevent pathgens frm develping resistance t drugs. First, patients shuld take all the drugs as directed by dctrs. Secnd, several antimicrbial agents can be used tgether t ensure the effect f drug taking. Finally, it is imprtant t guarantee that antimicrbials are used nly fr necessary cases. Respnsible practices are keys t treatment effectiveness.
【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月期末英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，有三种方法可以防止病原体产生抗药性。首先，病人应该按照医生的指示服用所有的药物。其次，几种抗菌药物可以同时使用，保证服药效果。最后，重要的是要保证仅在必要的情况下使用抗菌素。负责任的做法是治疗效果的关键。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①The develpment f drug-resistant pathgens (病原体) can be prevented in at least three ways.
②Fr this reasn, it is imprtant that patients finish their entire antimicrbial prescriptin (抗菌药物) and resist the temptatin t “save sme fr anther day.”
③A secnd way t prevent resistance is t use antimicrbial agents in cmbinatin s that pathgens resistant t ne drug will be killed by the secnd, and vice versa.
④A third way t reduce the develpment f resistance is t limit the use f antimicrbials t necessary cases.
⑤In rder t maintain the effectiveness f antimicrbial treatments, respnsible practices must be implemented.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2、3、4、5五个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
There are three ways in which we can prevent pathgens frm develping resistance t drugs.
Finally, it is imprtant that we guarantee that antimicrbials are used nly fr necessary cases.
It is respnsible practices that are keys t treatment effectiveness.
【点睛】[高分句型1] First, patients shuld take all the drugs as directed by dctrs. (运用了状语从句中的省略)
[高分句型2] Finally, it is imprtant t guarantee that antimicrbials are used nly fr necessary cases. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
4．(22-23高二下·上海复旦大学附属中学·期末)Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Why Yu Need a Netwrk f Casual Friends
When I was laid ff in 2015, I tweeted it the way any yung peple wuld in the hpe that smene in my scial netwrk wuld pint me t ptential pprtunities. T my surprise, a friend f a friend alerted me t an pening in her department by Facebk message, and she became my bss three runds f interviews later.
Think f the parents yu see in the drp-ff zne at schl, yur favrite waiter, the ther dg wners at the park. Scilgists call these relatinships “weak ties.” Nt nly can these cnnectins affect ur jb prspects, but they can als have a psitive impact n ur well-being.
Maintaining the netwrk f acquaintances can help yu feel mre cnnected. The desire t belng and frm scial attachments is a basic human need, alngside fd, sleep and safety. But nce we hit 25, the number f friends we have peaks and becmes smaller ver time, accrding t a 2016 study. As we get lder and pririties shift frm after-wrk bwling league t after-schl pickup, maintaining a laded scial calendar becmes less imprtant. Staying scially engaged, then, is integral t persnal fulfillment.
Besides, having at least a few acquaintances can cnnect us with a larger circle f peple, which is fantastic news, say, fr jb hunters. Even if ur friends want t help us find a jb, the weak ties are ften the nes wh widen the jb-search playing field.
Thse acquaintances als prvide us with a wider wrldview. Regularly interacting with peple wh have different experiences than we d allws us t be mre mindful f thers’ circumstances. This, in turn, builds empathy.
Still, casual friends have a lt t ffer. Uncvering surprising tidbits(花边新闻) abut the regular players in ne’s life—discvering that yur neighbr is an accmplished dancer, fr instance—can spice up yur day.
S next time yu see a friendly face when yu’ re ut and abut, yu might as well try t initiate small talks.
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【答案】Weak ties have a psitive effect n jb prspects and ur happiness, which can make us feel mre cnnected, meet human scial needs, and help realize persnal value. In additin, regular cmmunicatin with peple wh have different experiences can make us mre aware f ther peple's situatins and develp empathy. Finally, acquaintances can bring us unexpected surprise and add fun.
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是关于为什么需要建立一个众多的熟人网络。作者分享了自己找工作时通过社交网络得到机会的经历，并指出这种弱关系的联系不仅对就业前景有影响，还对我们的幸福感有积极影响。保持熟人网络可以让我们感到更加连接，满足人类的社交需求，同时也有助于个人成就感。此外，拥有一些熟人可以让我们与更多人建立联系，对求职者来说是好消息。与不同经历的人经常互动可以让我们更加关注他人的处境，培养同理心。最后，熟人也可以给我们带来意想不到的惊喜，比如发现邻居是一位有才华的舞者。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Nt nly can these cnnectins affect ur jb prspects, but they can als have a psitive impact n ur well-being.
②Maintaining the netwrk f acquaintances can help yu feel mre cnnected. Staying scially engaged, then, is integral t persnal fulfillment.
③Regularly interacting with peple wh have different experiences than we d allws us t be mre mindful f thers’ circumstances. This, in turn, builds empathy.
④Uncvering surprising tidbits abut the regular players in ne’s life—discvering that yur neighbr is an accmplished dancer, fr instance—can spice up yur day.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句
Weak ties have a psitive effect n jb prspects and ur happiness.
At the same time, it can make us feel mre cnnected, meet human scial needs, and help realize persnal value.
In additin, frequent cmmunicatin with peple wh have different experiences can make us mre aware f ther peple's situatins and develp empathy.
Finally, acquaintances can bring us unexpected surprises and add fun.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Weak ties have a psitive effect n jb prspects and ur happiness, which can make us feel mre cnnected, meet human scial needs, and help realize persnal value. 运用which引导的非限制性定语从句，以及并列结构，表达高级。
[高分句型2]： In additin, regular cmmunicatin with peple wh have different experiences can make us mre aware f ther peple's situatins and develp empathy. 运用wh引导的定语从句，以及介词短语in additin作状语。
5．(23-24高二下·上海宝山区·期末)Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Fr thusands f years, Chinese peple have valued the large family with three, fur, r even five generatins living under the same rf. That's what we call an extended family. Nw it is changing. Cmpared t extended families. nuclear families which invlve nly tw generatins living tgether are becming the trend. Apart frm family size, these families are als featured by reduced dependence n the last generatin. Yung peple are able t make decisins n their wn and children are less likely t be brught up by their grandparents.
The reasn fr the tendency f nuclear families can be reflected as fllws. It's a time when yung peple think highly f individual freedm. Yung peple like t have persnal space that wn't be disturbed by the ld generatins. In this way, they are mre likely t avid cnflicts caused by different living habits frm their parents.
It's als a time when scial welfare institutins are highly advanced fr ld peple t lead a cmfrtable life . Senir citizens can live tgether in sme nursing hmes and be taken gd care f by specialized nursing wrkers, which may base yung peple's heavy burden f attending their aging parents.
Hwever, the prblem cncerning attending t children turns up as the number f nuclear families increases. Yung peple are busy with their wrk and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enugh care bth frm their parents and grandparents during their grwth, children may develp mental illnesses like lneliness and depressin. Many yung peple, therefre, hire babysitters t lk after and keep cmpany with their children, which adds a financial burden t them.
Facing the prblem abve, yung peple can seek help frm ld generatins, cmmunities and gvernment. Old generatins are welcmed t take care f their grandchildren, especially when yung peple are asked t wrk vertime. Cmmunities ught t rganize sme vlunteers t lk after unattended kids. And gvernment can set up special lads fr yung peple t relieve their financial prblem. With the jint effrts, nuclear families are expected t fit in well with the develpment f the sciety.
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【答案】The trend f nuclear families is increasing in China, with fewer generatins living tgether under ne rf. Hwever, this trend als leads t challenges in child care, as parents have less time t spend with their children. Slutins such as invlving grandparents, cmmunity vlunteers, and gvernment supprt are suggested t address these challenges.
【来源】上海市宝山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说在中国，核心家庭的趋势正在增加，越来越少的几代人住在一个屋檐下。然而，这一趋势也带来了儿童保育方面的挑战，因为父母花在孩子身上的时间越来越少。解决这些挑战的方法包括祖父母、社区志愿者和政府支持。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Fr thusands f years, Chinese peple have valued the large family with three, fur, r even five generatins living under the same rf. That’s what we call an extended family. Nw it is changing.
②Cmpared t extended families, nuclear families which invlve nly tw generatins living tgether are becming the trend.
③Hwever, the prblem cncerning attending t children turns up as the number f nuclear families increases.
④Facing the prblem abve, yung peple can seek help frm ld generatins, cmmunities and gvernment.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句
In China, the trend f nuclear family is increasing, because fewer and fewer generatins live under ne rf.
Nevertheless, this trend als brings childcare challenges as parents spend less and less time with their children.
Appraches t addressing these challenges include grandparents, cmmunity vlunteers, and gvernment supprt.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：The trend f nuclear families is increasing in China, with fewer generatins living tgether under ne rf.（运用了with的复合结构作状语）
[高分句型2]：Hwever, this trend als leads t challenges in child care, as parents have less time t spend with their children.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
6．(23-24高二下·上海闵行区·期末)Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
What Is a Superirity Cmplex?
A superirity cmplex is a behavir that suggests a persn believes they are smehw superir t thers. Peple with this cmplex ften have verstated pinins f themselves. They may believe their abilities and achievements are better than thse f thers. Hwever, the cmplex is believed t be a defense system fr feelings f inadequacy that we all struggle with.
It is unclear why a persn develps a superirity cmplex. Multiple incidents may be the rt cause. Fr example, it may be the result f many failures. A persn tries t cmplete a specific gal r achieve a desired utcme, but they dn’t succeed. They learn t handle the anxiety and stress f the failure by pretending t be abve it. If they feel prtected frm their failures in this way, they may repeat this behavir in the future.
These behavirs can begin at an early age. When a child is learning t cpe with challenges, they may learn t cntrl feelings f inadequacy r fear. A superirity cmplex may develp. Likewise, it may als happen later in life. As teens and adults, a persn has many pprtunities t try new things amng new peple. If these situatins are nt successfully cped with, a persn may develp a superirity cmplex t vercme feeling islated.
Peple with a superirity cmplex are unlikely t be a threat t anyne’s physical health. Hwever, the cntinuus lies and verstatements can becme annying t thers and may negatively affect relatinships. It can push away ther peple in yur life and shrink yur scial circle. If yu are in a relatinship with a persn wh yu think has the issue, encurage the persn t seek help. Fr example, never hesitate t reach ut t mental health prfessinals. They can find healthier ways t deal with hidden feelings.
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【答案】A superirity cmplex means smene thinks they are superir. It’s a defense fr feelings f inadequacy. Caused by multiple incidents like failures, it can develp early r later, affecting relatinships. Seek help frm mental health prs if needed.
【来源】上海市闵行区2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了优越感的概念、可能的成因、可能的负面影响以及应对方法。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①A superirity cmplex is a behavir that suggests a persn believes they are smehw superir t thers.
②The cmplex is believed t be a defense system fr feelings f inadequacy.
③Multiple incidents may cause it, such as many failures.
④It can develp at an early age r later in life.
⑤It may negatively affect relatinships. Encurage thse with the issue t seek help frm mental health prfessinals.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行重组，将第2、3以及4、5要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
A superirity cmplex means smene thinks they are superir. It’s a defense fr feelings f inadequacy. Caused by multiple incidents like failures, it can develp early r later, affecting relatinships. Seek help frm mental health prs if needed.
【点睛】[高分句型1] A superirity cmplex means smene thinks they are superir.（使用了省略连接词that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]Caused by multiple incidents like failures, it can develp early r later, affecting relatinships.（使用了过去分词短语作状语，现在分词短语作状语）
7．(23-24高二下·上海复旦大学附属中学·期末)Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
We Need t Take Meditatin Mre Seriusly as Medicine
A new review study, published in the Jurnal f the American Medical Assciatin (JAMA) Internal Medicine, suggests that the ancient Eastern practice f mindful meditatin can ffer real help fr patients with depressin, anxiety, and pain.
Dr. Madhav Gyal is the lead authr f the recent JAMA study. He reviewed 47 clinical trials invlving mre than 3500 participants with mild anxiety r depressin, and fund that thse wh practiced mindful meditatin saw a 5-10%imprvement in anxiety symptms and a 10-20% reductin in depressive symptms.
What’s mst striking abut the JAMA findings is that peple weren’t meditating fr very lng. Many in the reviewed studies meditated fr as little as 2. 5 hurs per week fr tw mnths. As Dr. Gyal pints ut, because meditatin is a skill that’s learned ver time, it’s unlikely that the respndents reached a high level in a shrt time. S accrding t him, it’s reasnable t think that peple wuld experience even greater benefits with mre rigrus training and practice.
Unfrtunately thugh, it’s precisely thse realities f meditatin — that it is a state yu can teach yurself t achieve and imprve with discipline — that might weaken its validity (有效性) with physicians and patients. Fr example, prfessr Mark K. Blum, a Buddhist Studies expert at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, believes sme medical prfessinals may dubt the value f meditatin because ur culture has shifted s heavily in favr f quantitative measurement. “Medical dctrs are practicing a frm f science, and therefre expect t see scientific measurement,” Blum explains. “But hw d yu measure meditatin?”
In Dr. Gyal’s view, critics f meditatin have a misunderstanding f what science is. It has nthing t d with mlecules r drugs, he says. Rather, medical science is a “systematic explratin f what is nt knwn”, whatever that may be — and areas like meditatin desperately need mre explratin, and the funding t d it.
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【答案】
A new study fund that meditatin can help ease peple’s anxiety and depressin and that peple can benefit mre if they practice meditating fr lnger. Thugh sme medical prfessinals still dn’t believe in the effect f meditatin because it can’t be measured, Dr. Gyal, the lead authr f the study, thinks it is wrth explring.
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷
【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。一项新的研究发现，冥想可以帮助缓解人们的焦虑和抑郁，如果人们练习冥想的时间更长，他们会受益更多。尽管一些医学专业人士仍然不相信冥想的效果，因为它无法测量，但该研究的第一作者戈亚尔博士认为，这值得探索。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①A new review study, published in the Jurnal f the American Medical Assciatin (JAMA) Internal Medicine, suggests that the ancient Eastern practice f mindful meditatin can ffer real help fr patients with depressin, anxiety, and pain.
②What’s mst striking abut the JAMA findings is that peple weren’t meditating fr very lng. Many in the reviewed studies meditated fr as little as 2. 5 hurs per week fr tw mnths.
③Fr example, prfessr Mark K. Blum, a Buddhist Studies expert at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, believes sme medical prfessinals may dubt the value f meditatin because ur culture has shifted s heavily in favr f quantitative measurement.
④In Dr. Gyal’s view, critics f meditatin have a misunderstanding f what science is. Rather, medical science is a “systematic explratin f what is nt knwn”, whatever that may be—and areas like meditatin desperately need mre explratin, and the funding t d it.
2. 缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将3、4两个要点进行整合，将总结性语句放在文章最后。
3. 遣词造句
A new study fund that meditatin can help ease peple’s anxiety and depressin and that peple can benefit mre if they practice meditating fr lnger.
Sme medical prfessinals still dn’t believe in the effect f meditatin because it can’t be measured.
Dr. Gyal thinks areas like meditatin are wrth mre explratin。
【点睛】【高分句型1】A new study fund that meditatin can help ease peple’s anxiety and depressin and that peple can benefit mre if they practice meditating fr lnger. 运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第一、二、三段进行了概括。其中that引导了宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句，表达非常高级。
【高分句型2】Thugh sme medical prfessinals still dn’t believe in the effect f meditatin because it can’t be measured, Dr. Gyal, the lead authr f the study, thinks it is wrth explring.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第四、五段进行了概括。其中Thugh引导的让步状语从句、because引导的原因状语从句，表达非常高级。
8．(23-24高二下·上海华东师范大学第二附属中学·期末)Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Imperfectin can be a gift
We all want t d things well and fr things t turn ut right. Hwever, grwing up als invlves accepting when things g wrng. In fact, messing up can lead t sme f the mst interesting and meaningful utcmes.
Aiming fr results, whether that’s getting gd schl grades, shining in sprt r acing an art prject, can help yu fcus n yur gals. Hwever, it’s just as imprtant t fcus n enjying the prcess. Getting t hung up n things turning ut exactly as yu think they shuld can put a lt f pressure n yu and lead t anxiety. That’s why it’s gd t leave sme rm fr errrs and imperfectins. Then if things dn’t g as planned, it’s nt a big deal and yu may learn smething new.
Dr Vara is a psychlgist wh helps peple take care f their mental health. She says getting things wrng is part f grwing up. “We als have t experience the uncmfrtable feeling when we get things wrng. This helps us t becme strnger,” says Dr Vara. “Otherwise, we’ll be t scared t make mistakes. This fear can lead t us putting ff ding difficult things r aviding trying new things.” It’s imprtant t realise that making mistakes is cmmn, which shws that it is impssible t be perfect and failure is nrmal.
Learning frm yur mistakes is an essential part f grwing up. The mst imprtant thing is hw yu respnd and what yu chse t d next. Try nt t take it t seriusly, blame yurself r feel t disappinted r upset. Dr Vara explains, “Remember that yu’re nt a bad persn fr getting things wrng——yu’re human. It might feel uncmfrtable fr a bit, then these feelings will pass and then yu’ll bunce back.”
Instead, think abut what yu might d differently next time. This has been prven t wrk. In ne study, students wh were reminded t frgive and be kind t themselves when they failed a test felt mre mtivated t try again.
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【答案】
Accepting failures is a natural part f grwth. Fcusing n enjying the prcess rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety. Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is nrmal and essential fr becming strnger. The key is t learn frm mistakes, nt be t hard n neself, and cnsider hw t imprve next time.
【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷
【导语】本文的体裁是明文。接受失败是成长的自然组成部分。专注于享受过程而不仅仅是结果可以减轻压力和焦虑。瓦拉博士解释说，犯错误是正常的，对变得更强壮至关重要。关键是要从错误中吸取教训，不要对自己太苛刻，并考虑下次如何改进。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Hwever, grwing up als invlves accepting when things g wrng.
②Hwever, it’s just as imprtant t fcus n enjying the prcess. Getting t hung up n things turning ut exactly as yu think they shuld can put a lt f pressure n yu and lead t anxiety.
③She says getting things wrng is part f grwing up. “We als have t experience the uncmfrtable feeling when we get things wrng. This helps us t becme strnger,” says Dr Vara.
④Learning frm yur mistakes is an essential part f grwing up. The mst imprtant thing is hw yu respnd and what yu chse t d next. Try nt t take it t seriusly, blame yurself r feel t disappinted r upset.
2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句Fcusing n enjying the prcess rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Accepting failures is a natural part f grwth. 运用了一个含有动名词的句子，对原文第一段进行了概括。其中动名词Accepting作主语，表达非常高级。
【高分句型2】Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is nrmal and essential fr becming strnger.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第三段进行了概括。其中that引导的宾语从句、动名词making作主语、动名词becming作宾语，表达非常高级。
9．(23-24高二下·上海杨浦区·期末)Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Why Gen Z Is Leaving Cities fr the Cuntryside
In recent years, there has been a nticeable trend f Gen Z individuals relcating frm cities t the cuntryside.
This generatin, brn between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, is knwn fr its preference fr experiences ver material pssessins and a desire t lead a mre sustainable lifestyle. As a result, many yung peple are leaving urban areas in pursuit f a slwer pace f life and clser cnnectin with nature.
The appeal f cuntry living fr Gen Z stems frm multiple factrs. Firstly, it ffers a slwer pace f life, which can be a welcme change frm the hustle and bustle f city living. This can be particularly beneficial fr thse wh struggle with anxiety r stress-related issues. Mrever, there is greater access t nature and utdr activities such as hiking, camping and fishing. This nt nly prmtes physical health but als helps t develp a deeper cnnectin with the natural wrld. Als, living in the cuntryside ften means lwer living csts and less cmpetitin fr jbs, making it an attractive ptin fr thse just starting ut in their careers.
Sme believe that technlgy has cmpletely captured the attentin f the yunger generatin, and they are therefre reluctant t leave the cnveniences and excitement f the mdern city. Actually, it is precisely this technlgical advancement that has facilitated the shift twards rural living amng Gen Z. With remte wrk becming increasingly cmmn, yung adults are n lnger tied t urban centers fr emplyment. They can wrk frm anywhere with a reliable internet cnnectin. Additinally, scial media platfrms have made it easier fr individuals t share their rural lifestyles and cnnect with thers wh have similar interests. This virtual cmmunity fsters a sense f belnging and encurages yung peple t explre and appreciate the natural beauty f cuntryside.
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【答案】Gen Z is leaving cities fr the cuntryside. The slwer life pace f rural living relieves anxiety; utdr activities benefit physical health and draw peple clser t nature; lwer living cst and less jb cmpetitin als attract yung peple. Internet cnnectin and scial media platfrms enable them t wrk remtely and be cnnected with thers, making life cnvenient and enjyable.
【来源】上海市杨浦区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语调研卷
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍Z世代离开城市前往农村的原因。农村生活的慢节奏缓解了焦虑；户外活动有益于身体健康，拉近人们与自然的距离；较低的生活成本和较少的就业竞争也吸引了年轻人。互联网连接和社交媒体平台使他们能够远程工作并与他人联系，使生活更加便利和愉快。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①In recent years, there has been a nticeable trend f Gen Z individuals relcating frm cities t the cuntryside.
②As a result, many yung peple are leaving urban areas in pursuit f a slwer pace f life and clser cnnectin with nature.
③Firstly, it ffers a slwer pace f life, which can be a welcme change frm the hustle and bustle f city living.
④Mrever, there is greater access t nature and utdr activities such as hiking, camping and fishing.
⑤Als, living in the cuntryside ften means lwer living csts and less cmpetitin fr jbs, making it an attractive ptin fr thse just starting ut in their careers.
⑥This virtual cmmunity fsters a sense f belnging and encurages yung peple t explre and appreciate the natural beauty f cuntryside.
2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4、5、6四个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Gen Z is leaving cities and ging t the cuntryside.
There are varius reasns fr Gen Z’s leaving cities fr the cuntryside .Fr example, the slwer life pace f rural living relieves anxiety; utdr activities benefit physical health and draw peple clser t nature; lwer living cst and less jb cmpetitin als attract yung peple.
Internet cnnectin and scial media platfrms enable them t wrk remtely and be cnnected with thers, which can make life cnvenient and enjyable.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The slwer life pace f rural living relieves anxiety; utdr activities benefit physical health and draw peple clser t nature; lwer living cst and less jb cmpetitin als attract yung peple. 运用了几个分句来描述Z世代离开城市去农村的原因，表达高级。
[高分句型2]：Internet cnnectin and scial media platfrms enable them t wrk remtely and be cnnected with thers, making life cnvenient and enjyable. 用现在分词making 作结果状语，表达非常高级。
10．(22-23高二下·上海复旦大学附属中学·期末)Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，学校学生会近日打算策划一次促进学生心理健康的活动，并向全校同学征集活动方案。请向学生会投稿，给出你的活动创意和如此设计的原因。
注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级及学校等真实信息。
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【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am glad t hear that the Student Unin is planning an activity t prmte students’ mental health recently. I am writing t make sme suggestins f my wn.
We can rganize a lecture n mental health cunseling. We can invite mental health educatin experts t give theme lectures t help students learn t express themselves in an apprpriate way, enhance their sense f gratitude, and understand hw t cmmunicate. I think that in this way, we will face thers with ptimism, humr and psitive attitude, imprve interpersnal cmmunicatin ability and establish a psitive and harmnius “sunshine attitude”. Besides, we can cnduct n-site psychlgical cunseling activities. Prvide n-site answers t students’ psychlgical prblems and cnfusin encuntered in daily life thrugh face-t-face cnsultatin.
I hpe my suggestins will be helpful t yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生向学生会投稿，提出你对促进学生心理健康的活动的创意并介绍原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→happy
建议：suggestin→advice
此外：besides→what’s mre
有帮助的：helpful→useful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, we can cnduct n-site psychlgical cunseling activities.
拓展句：Besides, we can cnduct n-site psychlgical cunseling activities, which can help students slve existing prblems.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am glad t hear that the Student Unin is planning an activity t prmte students’ mental health recently.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I think that in this way, we will face thers with ptimism, humr and psitive attitude, imprve interpersnal cmmunicatin ability and establish a psitive and harmnius “sunshine attitude”.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）