专题03 完形填空（优选上海名校真题）（上海专用）-【真题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编.zip

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专题03 完形填空（优选上海名校真题）
(23-24高二下·上海华二附中·期末)
“It’s almst a mral duty that museums shuld be free,” said Glenn Lwry, directr f the Museum f Mdern Art (MOMA) in 2002, when a ticket t MOMA cst $12. In Octber MOMA started charging $30, the latest in a series f price 1 invlving the Metrplitan Museum, the San Francisc Museum f Mdern Art and s n.
Higher energy and labur csts have pushed up ticket prices in Eurpe, t. Prices have remained 2 nly in Asia and the Middle East, where museums are yunger and state funding is especially generus.
Ticket fees may seem high, particularly in destinatin cities where turists are 3 t be discuraged by spending a few mre dllars. But whatever museums 4 , it is nt cvering their perating csts. The Assciatin f Art Museum Directrs reprted in 2018 that ticket sales accunted n average fr just 7% f ttal 5 at American art museums. Memberships cntributed anther 7%. The 6 f budgets usually cme frm charitable dnatins, grants and retail peratins.
Eurpean museums are less 7 admissins fees, because they are ften heavily subsidized (补助) by gvernments. All natinal institutins in Britain ffer free admissin, as d mst state-run museums in China while in America sme 30% are free. Sme bservers have repeated Mr Lwry’s call fr museum t stp charging fr 8 entirely.
9 price s g against museums’gal f sharing art with a mre diverse public. They culd als speed up the already steep decline in the share f Americans attending museums and galleries.
Declining public interest is a challenge fr institutins that rely heavily n public supprt. Thse wh chse nt t visit a museum tday may be the peple wh 10 gvernment subsidies r refuse t write persnal cheques as spnsrs in a few years. Thse wh spend time inside museums’galleries are mre likely t grasp their richness and want t 11 their wn riches in them.
Yet significantly reducing csts may nt actually d much t 12 new audiences either. If tickets were free, “peple wh typically cme anyway might cme mre ften. 13 that, yu’re nt really changing yur demgraphic (观众结构), says an ecnmist wh studies pricing in the arts. He 14 museums t the best American university: Harvard culd affrd t make tuitin free fr all, but many wealthy students wh d nt need the gift wuld be amng the biggest beneficiaries(受益者). As museums thrughut the West debate what price is right, mst are unlikely t cnclude the answer is 15 , “mral duty” r nt.
1．A．listsB．risesC．cntrlsD．wars
2．A．ascendingB．flexibleC．awe-inspiringD．stable
3．A．unlikelyB．suppsedC．dissatisfiedD．bund
4．A．prmteB．submitC．chargeD．exhibit
5．A．attendanceB．dnatinC．peratinD．revenue
6．A．mtivatinB．remainderC．genersityD．mixture
7．A．reliant nB．resistant tC．pessimistic abutD．tlerant f
8．A．survivalB．budgetsC．cllectinsD．admissin
9．A．FlatingB．DiscuntedC．BallningD．Cmpetitive
10．A．cntribute tB．vte againstC．cunt nD．despair f
11．A．investB．evaluateC．anchrD．assemble
12．A．discurageB．relieveC．attractD．entitle
13．A．With a view tB．Apart frmC．Cntrary tD．Fr fear f
14．A．creditsB．attachesC．refersD．cmpares
15．A．zerB．bthC．wrngD．abve
(23-24高二下·上海宝山区·期末)
Methane (甲烷) is a greenhuse gas. Over 20 years it has ver 80 times the planet-cking pwer f carbn dixide, and is 1 fr nearly 45%f warming tday. Because methane is the main 2 f natural gas, much f man-made emissins cmes frm the energy industry. Yet because it is shrt-lived, cntrlling methane ffers the wrld its best pssible chance fr 3 prgress against climate change.
As COP28, the UN’s climate summit, gets 4 in Dubai, it is greatly encuraging, therefre, that the chances f such a deal n methane are gd. Negtiatrs must 5 at a rare pprtunity t strike ne.
The reasn a deal lks pssible is that the plitics are prmising in all the biggest markets. China has recently annunced that it will start including methane in its natinal climate plans. America will sn finalize regulatins t 6 methane emissins frm its huge il and gas sectr, including measures that cver leaky pipelines and strage. And the Eurpean Unin has als agreed n tugh methane standards, cvering bth dmestic surces and 7 fssil fuels.
8 are helping, t. A range f new technlgies fr mnitring methane will help 9 large surces f emissins frm the energy industry. Because il and gas firms can ften sell methane (rather than wastefully burning r releasing it), many investment s t avid 10 will pay fr themselves. Mst firms d nt invest because f the truble, higher returns n ther prjects, r wells’ distance frm cnsumers. Whatever the reasn, they suffer n 11 fr adding needlessly t glbal warming.
Since green-washing, the prcess f cnveying a false impressin abut hw sme prducts r measures are envirnmentally sund, is quite cmmn, if a glbal methane deal is t be mre than that, 12 , it will need rigur (缜密). Methane-cntrl seemed t 13 at the UN climate summit in Glasgw tw years ag, when negtiatrs 14 came up with a prpsal t cut emissins by 30% by 2030．Yet the deal was vluntary, and had n enfrcement mechanisms (机制); emissins have since 15 . An agreement this time rund must link prmises t natinal climate plans and, crucially, t dmestic enfrcement mechanisms.
1．A．pwerfulB．nticeableC．respnsibleD．pssible
2．A．causeB．ingredientC．agentD．cnsequence
3．A．quickB．ecnmicC．riginalD．natinal
4．A．under wayB．in the makingC．n bardD．t the pint
5．A．stareB．pintC．cmeD．leap
6．A．increaseB．stabilizeC．reduceD．balance
7．A．imprtedB．lcalizedC．exprtedD．glbalized
8．A．RevlutinsB．EvlutinsC．ReslutinsD．Innvatins
9．A．createB．activateC．decreaseD．spt
10．A．disastersB．delaysC．emissinsD．examinatins
11．A．lssB．punishmentC．abuseD．defeat
12．A．hweverB．therefreC．furtherD．nce
13．A．pay ffB．make utC．run utD．take ff
14．A．nisilyB．admittedlyC．reluctantlyD．accidentally
15．A．declinedB．disappearedC．swungD．risen
(23-24高二下·上海敬业中学·期末)
Thrughut histry, many lives have been lst at the hands f severe weather. Meterlgists (气象学家) and scientists alike are always investigating new ways t increase the warning time fr strms, with the hpe f reducing the 1 f lives. In the past few decades, lcal weather radar advancements have been made, which allw fr better accuracy in 2 the paths f strms.
Meterlgists and scientists have been able t successfully track severe thunderstrms and pssible trnades by using an advanced tracking system called NEXRAD (Next-Generatin Radar). NEXRAD is a tracking netwrk 3 158 Dppler weather radars. And during a strm this high-reslutin cmputerized 4 takes readings n the amunt f precipitatin (降水) in the air, the mvements in the cluds, and the wind speeds.
These 5 are bunced back t a lcal weather cmputer, and a clrful image appears n the screen,giving meterlgists a clear picture f what kind f weather is n the hrizn. This final image is what yu see when the meterlgist breaks in with severe weather reprts and warnings. 6 , n yur televisin screen yu will see a cmputer animated image f the appraching strm.
If the strm is severe enugh, then the Natinal Weather Service (NWS) will 7 severe weather reprts f severe thunderstrm warnings fr yur area. 8 , the strm captured n the radar will have prduced strng readable winds, detectable lightning, and sme hail (冰雹). Paying attentin t the weather map is 9 when severe weather is arund.
On the televisin screen yu will see several clrs n the precipitatin map, 10 frm blue (the lightest) t black (the heaviest). If the clrs fr yur 11 area are yellw, take cautin. If the clrs range between range and red, take cver immediately, as damaging winds and dangerus lightning have been reprted.
When lcal weather radar in Atlanta, Gergia reprted high winds, circular wind patterns and large hail earlier this year, the Natinal Weather Service issued a trnad 12 . Meterlgists in the area used the cllected data t predict what path the strm wuld take, 13 which areas needed t be warned.
Thanks t this technlgy, mst residents received the severe weather reprts early enugh t seek 14 befre the strm hit. Paying attentin t yur 15 weather surce during severe weather plays a vital rle in yur safety.
1．A．lssB．increaseC．prtectinD．value
2．A．changingB．cntrllingC．predictingD．guiding
3．A．faced withB．expsed tC．invlved inD．made up f
4．A．structureB．systemC．mdeD．style
5．A．figuresB．dataC．readingsD．statistics
6．A．Mst likelyB．Mst evidentlyC．Mst interestinglyD．Mst imprtantly
7．A．decideB．estimateC．handleD．issue
8．A．By the wayB．In that caseC．T sme extentD．On the cntrary
9．A．vitalB．reasnableC．nrmalD．available
10．A．expandingB．spreadingC．rangingD．extending
11．A．prperB．specificC．typicalD．regular
12．A．prcess B．threat C．warningD．sign
13．A．indicatingB．recgnizingC．cveringD．recmmending
14．A．rescueB．residenceC．supprtD．shelter
15．A．lcalB．internatinalC．natinwideD．neighbrhd
(23-24高二下·上海闵行区·期末)
Scial media can be a cnvenient way t extend yur netwrk, staying in tuch with yur grandma r sharing phts f yur new puppy. 1 , scial media can be terrible fr yur health. It’s ur 2 f it that’s ut f cntrl.
British evlutinary psychlgist Rbin Dunbar develped the idea that 150 peple is the maximum number f meaningful cnnectins anyne can have. Yu may have 800 friends n Wechat, but yu’re nt 3 them in persn. Yur QQ cnnectins may be vast, but hw many f them d yu have 4 interactins with?
If yu’re using scial media t feel mre cnnected, a recent study published in the American Jurnal f Health Prmtin suggests that it’s nt 5 , and it als brught abut unfavrable cnnectins and even depressin. Psitive interactins n scial media dn’t help peple feel 6 . Negative interactins, n the ther hand, bring mre feelings f sadness. The same ges fr 7 , which scial media encurages. Anther study, published by the American Psychlgical Assciatin, shws that cmparing yurself t thers thrugh scial media als prduces 8 effects, leading t symptms f depressin.
Reaching fr yur cell phne as a mental break is als a (n) 9 idea. Research by Rutgers University cmpared participants in the prcess f cmpleting a task wh tk a break with their cell phnes, with paper and pencils, and wh tk n break at all. Thse wh used their cell phnes during their break slved 22% fewer prblems and tk 19% lnger t cmplete their tasks than thse under the ther tw 10 .
S hw shuld yu 11 yur scial media usage?
First, knw yur time and 12 f use. Use the tracking functin n yur device t find ut hw much yu’re using it and what yu’re using it fr. After this, get away frm yur device unless yu have t use it. Tugh as it might be, turn ff and tune int the wrld arund yu.
Then, be in charge f yur 13 , rather than let it be in charge f yu. Yur phne’s rings r vibratins (震动) dn’t mean yu must respnd t them. Remind yurself that yu’re in charge, nt yur device r the peple n the ther end f it wh’ve just cntacted yu.
Finally, cnsider using yur device as a (n) 14 builder. Use yur apps t find yur friends and make yur dinner reservatin s yu can catch up face-t-face in yur favrite restaurant, where yu’ll keep yur phne ut f sight.
When yu’re in cntrl f yur 15 , scial media becmes a tl t enrich yur life but nt a distractin that makes yu feel miserable.
1．A．MreverB．TherefreC．NeverthelessD．Likewise
2．A．useB．refrmC．ignranceD．range
3．A．cmmenting nB．cperating withC．cmpeting withD．cnnecting with
4．A．virtualB．meaningfulC．cnstantD．cmplex
5．A．autmaticB．prductiveC．wrkingD．appealing
6．A．mre cnfidentB．mre satisfiedC．calmerD．happier
7．A．cmparisnB．sharingC．cnnectinD．variety
8．A．instructiveB．restrictiveC．negativeD．active
9．A．widespreadB．badC．creativeD．undervalued
10．A．cnditinsB．assumptinsC．influencesD．develpments
11．A．reduceB．analyzeC．manageD．track
12．A．strategiesB．bundariesC．efficiencyD．purpses
13．A．deviceB．scheduleC．decisinD．emtin
14．A．knwledgeB．characterC．relatinshipD．cnfidence
15．A．digital cnsumptinB．persnal interactinC．daily rutineD．wrking habit
(22-23高二下·上海复旦附中·期末)
Yu May Need a Few Minutes f Brisk Activity
Walking frm rm t rm, running up and dwn stairs t deliver flded laundry, r taking a jg arund the blck... Which nes wuld best help r hurt yur brain? A recent study attempted t a answer that questin by strapping( 绑上) activity mnitrs t the thighs f nearly 4,500 peple in the United Kingdm and 1 their 24-hur mvements fr seven days. Researchers then examined hw participants’ behavir affected their shrt-term memry, prblem-slving and prcessing skills.
Here’s the gd news. Peple wh spent “even small amunts f time in mre vigrus activities—as little as six t nine minutes—cmpared t sitting, sleeping r gentle activities had 2 cgnitin scres,” said study authr Jhn Mitchell.
Mderate physical activity is 3 defined as brisk walking r bicycling r running up and dwn stairs. Vigrus mvement 4 dancing, jgging, running, swimming t biking up a hill—basically any activity that is able t 5 yur heart rate and breathing.
The study fund that ding just under 10 minutes f mderate t vigrus physical activity (MVPA) each day led t 6 in study participants’ wrking memry. In additin, 10 minutes f MVPA had its biggest impact n executive prcesses such as 7 and rganizatin.
The cgnitive imprvement was 8 , but the research fund that the benefits grew the mre time a persn spent 9 in the activity f an energetic wrkut, Mitchell said.
“Nw that we dn’t mnitr participants’ cgnitin ver the curse f many years, the results f this study may simply be telling us that thse individuals wh mve mre tend t have higher cgnitin n average,” he said. “While n the ther hand, the results d als imply that even making 10 changes t ur daily lives can have 11 cnsequences fr ur cgnitin.”
There was bad news as well. Spending mre time sleeping, sitting r engaged nly in mild mvement was linked t a negative impact n the brain. The study fund cgnitin declined 1% t 2% after replacing an 12 prtin f MVPA with eight minutes f sedentary (久坐的) behavir, six minutes f light intensity r seven minutes f sleep.
Additinal studies need t be dne t 13 these findings and t better understand the rle that each type f activity plays 14 ur cgnitive abilities. Hwever, Mitchell said, the study “highlights hw even very mdest differences in peple’s daily mvements— less than 10 minutes— can be linked t the 15 f quite real changes t ur cgnitive health.”
1．A．mdifyingB．trickingC．clarifyingD．tracking
2．A．lwerB．higherC．smallerD．bigger
3．A．typicallyB．previuslyC．barelyD．abslutely
4．A．ranges frmB．arises frmC．keeps frmD．stems frm
5．A．calmB．pushC．bstD．slw
6．A．imprvementsB．adjustmentsC．requirementsD．statements
7．A．arguingB．meditatingC．planningD．cmprmising
8．A．impsingB．mdestC．accessibleD．reliable
9．A．phasingB．indulgingC．meditatingD．engaging
10．A．maximumB．lastingC．tempraryD．minimal
11．A．leadingB．psitiveC．quantifiableD．dwnstream
12．A．acuteB．equivalentC．bservableD．unimprtant
13．A．rejectB．prpseC．advcateD．cnfirm
14．A．in additin tB．with respect tC．prir tD．specific t
15．A．ccurrenceB．perfrmanceC．disappearanceD．cnvenience
(22-23高二下·上海嘉定区·期末)
Mst peple have seen animals slve prblems in ne cntext r anther Whether it’s a dg getting fd ut f a puzzle ty, a squirrel (松鼠) breaking int a “squirrel-prf, bird feeder, r — in what is hpefully a rarer experience — a bear pening a dr t get t the fd inside!
D all individuals within a species cme up with 1 slutins t prblems? Or are sme individuals mre innvative than thers? In ungulates (fr example, gats and hrses), scial utsiders are mre likely t innvate than their 2 grupmates: if an individual spends time n the uter areas f their grup, they are mre likely t succeed at a prblem-slving task.
3 , in sme species f primates (灵长类动物) and birds, it has been shwn that individuals with lw scial standing — that is, thse wh regularly lse fights, and wh dn’t have 4 f access t valuable resurces — tend t innvate mre.
The abve examples tie int the thery that the individuals wh are least able t gain access t gd quality 5 , such as fd and shelter, are the mst likely t innvate. This “bad cmpetitr” thery suggests that individuals innvate because they must d s t 6 . Imagine yu’re a gat wh can’t get access t the feeding cntainer because yu’re nt in the in-grup. Yu’d prbably be mre 7 t figure ut hw t pen a cntainer with fd inside than yur mre ppular (and well-fed) grupmates.
Hwever, while there is supprt fr this thery in sme species, many species shw ppsing patterns. 8 , being a “bad cmpetitr” desn’t seem t be a general driver f innvatin acrss species. 9 appears t have a mre general influence n animal innvativeness. A meta-analysis (综合分析) acrss 37 studies f animal innvatin fund that being brave (that is, appraching 10 bjects and explring new envirnments) was linked t innvative behavir. Fr example, brave Carib grackles (a species f bird) and ungulates are mre likely t innvate than their mre easily frightened grupmates. 11 has als been linked t innvatin in a variety f species, frm zebra finches (斑胸草雀) t Asian elephants.
Bth make instinctive sense. The mre likely an individual is t 12 with a new prblem (that is, the braver they are, and the mre time they spend trying t slve a prblem (that is, the mre persistent they are), the mre likely they are t find a(n) 13 .
Regardless f the reasn individuals innvate, nce an individual finds a slutin t a prblem, 14 a prblem invlving resurce access, their behavir can spread like wildfire. Other individuals pay attentin when a grupmate innvates, and 15 the prblem-slving behavir.
1．A．instantB．cmprehensiveC．fairD．creative
2．A．friendlyB．ppularC．clseD．faithful
3．A．SimilarlyB．InevitablyC．ApparentlyD．Gradually
4．A．purpseB．prirityC．pressureD．ptential
5．A．servicesB．materialsC．gdsD．resurces
6．A．pretendB．cmpeteC．surviveD．evlve
7．A．reluctantB．excitedC．mtivatedD．cnfused
8．A．ThusB．BesidesC．StillD．Meanwhile
9．A．EmtinB．GenderC．AppearanceD．Persnality
10．A．livingB．nvelC．endangeredD．ideal
11．A．PersistenceB．IntelligenceC．PerfrmanceD．Cnfidence
12．A．cnflictB．cmpareC．interactD．identify
13．A．psitinB．bjectC．slutinD．chance
14．A．abslutelyB．frtunatelyC．definitelyD．particularly
15．A．cpyB．changeC．influenceD．evaluate
(23-24高二下·上海复旦附中·期末)
Yu dn’t have t be alne t feel lnely— anyne wh has experienced a fallut with friends r has t endure an awkward scial gathering will 1 . A recent Wall Street Jurnal clumn teaches us hw t 2 lneliness.
“Lneliness is nt just abut whether there are thers arund yu. It’s abut whether the nes arund yu are thse yu can 3 ,” says Jhn T. Cacipp, directr f the Center fr Cgnitive and Scial Neurscience at the University f Chicag.
Cacipp explains that men and wmen are equally as likely t experience lneliness, but the kinds f scial interactin they may be 4 are different. Wmen generally 5 fr face-t-face scial interactins, whereas men are lking fr a sense f cnnectin and 6 within a grup.
Quting therapists, The Wall Street Jurnal clumn pints ut that lneliness in its mst unhealthy frm is a distrted way f thinking. It ften has an emtinal 7 . Big changes in life, such as a breakup r a mve t anther city r cuntry can be the cause f lneliness. But 8 things such as attending a wedding alne r quarreling with a sibling r a friend can als make us feel lnely.
The clumn als gives advice n hw t stp being alne frm 9 int feeling lnely. Yu can start by 10 that yu are the ne wh tells yurself that yu feel lnely. Yu are creating the bad experience f lneliness by hw yu are thinking and behaving.
Yu shuld acknwledge 11 thughts and then try t think differently. Hw t achieve this? Change the mental stry yu 12 yurself. Remember that there are peple wh care abut yu, 13 they may just be busy at the mment.
Try t enjy the mments yu have 14 . D things yu enjy ding alne, like reading r listening t music. If yu are single and live by yurself, yu can 15 a gym r a vlunteering grup t be arund ther peple.
1．A．agreeB．btherC．prtestD．perceive
2．A．put up withB．turn tC．call nD．fight back
3．A．tlerateB．trustC．predictD．inspire
4．A．excludingB．applyingC．missingD．attaching
5．A．accuntB．makeC．lngD．cnstitute
6．A．belngingB．relaxatinC．visinD．dminant
7．A．gestureB．respnseC．tuchD．trigger
8．A．smallB．vitalC．ultimateD．panicky
9．A．sealingB．slidingC．surfingD．stuffing
10．A．anticipatingB．recgnizingC．infrmingD．identifying
11．A．psitiveB．passiveC．activeD．negative
12．A．readB．findC．tellD．learn
13．A．whenB．butC．sD．r
14．A．by yurselfB．t yurselfC．n yurselfD．f yurself
15．A．registerB．jinC．serveD．admit
(22-23高二下·上海华二附中·期末)
Jealusy is a mtive f immense pwer. Althugh yu are ften 1 aware f being jealus r envius f smene, smetimes the actual reasns fr the envy are buried in yur uncnsciusness and hidden by ratinalizatins. 2 , what yu really value in life is mre ften revealed by asking yurself wh yu are jealus f rather than asking yurself directly “what d I value.” The 3 ften takes int accunt what sciety expects yu t value and yu are aware nly f what yu shuld want 4 what yu really want. Envy and jealusy, n the ther hand, kick in as a gut reactin (直觉反应) in yur emtinal system lng 5 yu becme cnscius f it.
Intrspectin (反省) which can help ne achieve a deeper understanding f emtins is unfashinable in cntemprary psychlgy largely due t the lasting effects f behavirism. 6 this view, we will argue that intrspectin can be a valuable surce f insights int the internal lgic and evlutinary underlying principle f certain cmplex emtins like envy. Of curse, 7 can be rightfully raised against the purely subjective exercise f intrspectin, which is why it is essential t eventually test these assumptins by using a rigrus scientific apprach. But 8 ne can have fun speculating (沉思) n pssibilities f finding why.
What 9 jealusy, beynd the bvius f smene wh is better ff? And can the functinal lgic f the causes be explained in evlutinary terms; i.e., what might be their 10 value? Thrugh intrspecting n 11 and thrugh infrmally surveying friends, students, clleagues, etc., we are trying t cme up with a reasnable evlutinary scenari (设想).
Let’s think abut envy, t. The whle purpse f envy is t 12 yu t act either by independently trying harder (envy) r by cveting (贪求) and stealing what the ther has (jealusy). This is why jealusy has a (n) 13 cmpnent, but envy is mre psitive smetimes even being assciated with admiratin.
In this bk, we can shw that there is ften an evlutinary hidden 14 that drives this human psychlgical tendency, and makes it cmprehensible. Evlutin has 15 int yu an emtin (jealusy) that is caused by certain very specific “releasers” r scial cues, which is largely insensitive t what the ther persn’s final state f happiness is.
1．A．bviuslyB．activelyC．cnsciuslyD．hardly
2．A．ImprtantlyB．GenerallyC．CertainlyD．Irnically
3．A．frmerB．latterC．abveD．belw
4．A．ther thanB．less thanC．mre thanD．rather than
5．A．befreB．afterC．untilD．unless
6．A．Cmpared tB．In respnse tC．In line withD．Cntrary t
7．A．agreementsB．argumentsC．dubtsD．bjectins
8．A．luckilyB．unfrtunatelyC．meanwhileD．finally
9．A．agrees withB．lies inC．results inD．cmes frm
10．A．emtinB．survivalC．mralD．cmpulsry
11．A．thersB．urselvesC．parentsD．superirs
12．A．frbidB．frceC．mtivateD．bther
13．A．beneficialB．aggressiveC．prmisingD．active
14．A．hintB．enemyC．regulatinD．agenda
15．A．prgrammedB．createdC．cnstructedD．migrated
(23-24高二下·上海杨浦区·期末)
Our Extrardinary Brains
The 1.4-kilgram rgan inside each persn's head is the mst cmplex part f the human bdy. This remarkable rgan, the brain, nt nly 1 bdy mvements and shapes peple's behavir but als decdes sensry inputs and is the seat f intelligence. These facts have been scientifically prven, but a lt f what we believe abut the brain is based n 2 .
What percentage f yur brain d yu actually use? The statistic that has been circulating fr abut a century is 10 percent, smetimes 20, suggesting that we haven't fully tapped int ur full mental 3 . But that is merely a miscnceptin. While ur brains d have sme reserves, scans have shwn that a large prtin f ur brains are 4 in even the simplest f tasks.
If yu're artistic, yu might 5 that yu are mstly drawing upn the right side f yur brain. If yu're lgical, yu may have been led t believe yu favr yur left brain. While bth f these hemispheres (脑半球) d exist, ne is nt cnsidered t be 6 ver the ther. They are intricately (错综复杂地) cnnected, with bth hemispheres 7 in all mental activities.
Parents want “smart” children and perhaps have heard that playing classical music t their unbrn child r t their infant increases their chances f being intelligent. Hwever, a (n) 8 analysis f relevant studies fails t establish a direct crrelatin between brain develpment and 9 t classical music.
Many believe that a persn's genes ttally determine intelligence. While genetics 10 plays an imprtant rle, ther factrs such as nutritin, educatin, hme envirnment, and available resurces als 11 significantly.
The tpic f a child's capability t learn multiple languages at the same time has sparked 12 debate. The belief that children will 13 languages and nt develp any language prperly has been the basis fr educatinal plicies fr years. 14 t this belief, evidence indicates that yung children gain a better knwledge f language structures verall when learning tw languages simultaneusly.
Such myths have persisted fr ages, 15 never-ending discussins. Yet ne unquestinable truth remains: the brain is truly an amazing rgan.
1．A．expandsB．initiatesC．fllwsD．reflects
2．A．fictinB．factC．theryD．statistics
3．A．cnfusinB．cmfrtC．capacityD．stability
4．A．engagedB．buriedC．wrappedD．absrbed
5．A．guaranteeB．indicateC．demnstrateD．assume
6．A．superirB．senirC．dminantD．crucial
7．A．invlvingB．cperatingC．transfrmingD．disturbing
8．A．abstractB．cmprehensiveC．sensitiveD．efficient
9．A．expsureB．apprachC．bjectinD．respnse
10．A．unexpectedlyB．exceptinallyC．undubtedlyD．cntinuusly
11．A．sufferB．clarifyC．cntributeD．interact
12．A．utstandingB．cnsiderableC．desperateD．ptimistic
13．A．mix upB．give upC．back upD．pick up
14．A．RelevantB．SimilarC．FamiliarD．Cntrary
15．A．submittingB．generatingC．indicatingD．advcating
(22-23高二下·上海上海中学·期末)
Freign aid and NGOs can make things wrse when disaster strikes
Nearly all f us are cllective dnrs in sme sense - when gvernments send relief t disaster areas, the mney they use cmes frm taxpayers. Many f us are als 1 dnrs, sending funds directly frm ur wn wallets t charitable rganizatins. But in the past 10 t 15 years, accusatins f 2 relief effrts and unused dnatins have generated cncern amng dnrs. These cncerns are nt 3 ; large-scale internatinal disaster relief can have drawbacks that range frm wasting resurces t seriusly undermining (削弱) lcal gvernments.
One f the biggest challenges t disaster relief is crdinatin (协调). After disaster strikes, immediate necessities are imprtant, but what is the best way t 4 them? Unfrtunately, puring dnated items int a disaster area can 5 relief effrts. Their arrival in large numbers can cause “the secnd disaster”, 6 relief wrkers with extra respnsibilities and taking up precius space.
Then there are the cnsequent effects f 7 fr dnatins fr sudden big emergencies. A heartfelt expressin f feeling can harm ther charitable effrts by redirecting funds. The 2007 ecnmic decline, 8 , hit US charitable giving which didn’t recver until 2014. In such a time f dnatin 9 , increasing dnatins t a disaster area can take funds away frm ther effrts that might be able t use it better.
If crdinatin is gd and immediate relief ges well, damaged cmmunities mve int the 10 phase. Fr individuals, this includes returning t wrk, and recllecting persnal netwrks, all f which require 11 t basic public services. The charitable supply f these services can have 12 cnsequences. Mst philanthrpic (慈善的) rganizatins want t 13 their rebuilding effrts with lcal wrkers. This practice is beneficial t a pst-disaster ecnmy as it prvides a(n) 14 surce f wages. But if salaries and wrk standards f these visiting rganizatins are higher than thse ffered in the recvery area, these visitrs end up causing an intemal 15 . Tp emplyees are n lnger available r willing t wrk in the public sectr.
1．A．individualB．generusC．cmpetentD．cautius
2．A．invluntaryB．desperateC．ill-intentinedD．cunterprductive
3．A．reasnableB．unfundedC．prmptD．limited
4．A．strikeB．secureC．deliverD．pace
5．A．renewB．resistC．demandD．slw
6．A．verladingB．supplyingC．chargingD．greeting
7．A．vtesB．appealsC．pressuresD．substitutes
8．A．n the cntraryB．as a resultC．in the meanwhileD．fr example
9．A．fearB．bmC．scarcityD．change
10．A．finalB．recveryC．criticalD．distinct
11．A．referenceB．attentinC．accessD．favr
12．A．psitiveB．immediateC．mixedD．uncertain
13．A．staffB．benefitC．replaceD．survive
14．A．externalB．reliableC．naturalD．slid
15．A．weak ecnmyB．unstable cmmunityC．class prejudiceD．brain drain