备战2025年高考英语抢分秘籍(新高考专用)抢分秘籍03阅读理解(主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测)(学生版+解析)练习

这是一份备战2025年高考英语抢分秘籍(新高考专用)抢分秘籍03阅读理解(主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测)(学生版+解析)练习，文件包含备战2025年高考英语抢分秘籍新高考专用抢分秘籍03阅读理解主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测教师版docx、备战2025年高考英语抢分秘籍新高考专用抢分秘籍03阅读理解主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共73页， 欢迎下载使用。

目录
【高考预测】（阅读理解）主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测
【思维导图】阅读理解考点考向思维导图
【应试秘籍】阅读理解常考点及应对的策略
【误区点拨】阅读理解点拨常见的易错点
【抢分通关】阅读理解押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）
【模拟新题练】
【押题演练】

【思维导图】
一、主旨大意题

秘籍：主旨大意题分为归纳文章标题、段落大意和文章大意。标题归纳题属于文章中心思想的精炼表达。标题具有以下特征：①概括性：能概括全文并体现文章的主旨；②针对性：内涵相符，范围一致；③新颖性：新颖奇特，吸引眼球；④精准性：不改变原文的意思和感情色彩⑤简短性：名词短语,动名词短语或祈使句。
段落大意题解题时重点关注段落第一句，段落第一句往往是段落的主旨句，有时会和段落结尾句首尾呼应。文章大意题解答时应当重点关注文章第一段和最后一段。第一段往往会点明文章的主要内容和线索，有时在各个段落的主旨句中也可以提炼文章的大意。
易错点1：文章标题的常见错误（①断章取义；②以偏概全）
(2025年1月•浙江卷) A nvel design apprach t gardening has been gaining in ppularity wrldwide. Referred t as matrix planting, this apprach aims fr nature t d a lt mre f the heavy lifting in the garden, and even sme f the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and pwer tls, it’s based n an elegantly simple principle: t garden mre like nature des.
The cncept was brn when German city planners sught t plant large areas f parkland after Wrld War II in a reprducible way that wuld need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that culd be used mdularly (模块化). In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are gruped s that they will grw tgether abve and belw grund, frming a cperative ecsystem that cnserves water and discurages weeds.
Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudlf’s gardens ppularized this style, adding artistic flavrs t the planting mixes while playing with clr and frm, including fur-seasn interest and serving the needs f wildlife. Beautiful year-rund, they invite yu t enjy the smallest detail, frm the sund f grasses in the gentle wind t the sculpture f dd-lking seed heads.
It takes a lt f thught t lk this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first cnsideratin. Led by the cncept f “right plant, right place,” they match plants that enjy the same sil, sun and weather cnditins, and arrange them accrding t their patterns f grwth.
The benefits are substantial fr bth gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden’s eclgy can develp well. Established matrix gardens shuld nt need the life supprt we give mst gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Cmpared t traditinal garden plts, they increase carbn absrptin, reduce strmwater runff and bst habitat and bidiversity significantly.
31．Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．The future f gardening is WILD．B．Nature treats all lives as EQUALS.
C．Matrix gardens need mre CARE.D．Old garden plts wrk WONDERS.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Referred t as matrix planting, this apprach aims fr nature t d a lt mre f the heavy lifting in the garden, and even sme f the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and pwer tls, it’s based n an elegantly simple principle: t garden mre like nature des.(这种被称为矩阵种植的方法旨在让大自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作，甚至承担一些设计工作。它避开化肥和电动工具，基于一个极其简单的原则：更像大自然那样进行园艺种植)”和最后一段中“With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden’s eclgy can develp well. Established matrix gardens shuld nt need the life supprt we give mst gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Cmpared t traditinal garden plts, they increase carbn absrptin, reduce strmwater runff and bst habitat and bidiversity significantly.(随着人类投入的大幅减少，花园的生态系统可以良好发展。成熟的矩阵花园不需要我们给予大多数花园的维持手段：化肥、分株、定期浇水。与传统花园地块相比，它们增加了碳吸收，减少了雨水径流，并显著改善了栖息地和生物多样性)”可知，文章主要介绍了矩阵种植这种新型园艺设计方法，它让花园更接近自然、野生的状态，未来园艺可能会朝着这种更自然、野生的方向发展。故A项“The future f gardening is WILD(园艺的未来是自然的)”能概括文章主旨，适合做文章标题。故选A项。
这是一个很容易做错的一个高考典例，有些同学选D．Old garden plts wrk WONDERS，他们从文章找到了Cmpared t traditinal garden plts, they increase carbn absrptin, reduce strmwater runff and bst habitat and bidiversity significantly.，认为Old garden plts是traditinal garden plts的改写，有些相似之处，就以为找到了答案，没有认真分析哪里来的wrk WONDERS；有些同学从文中找到了matrix gardens就选C Matrix gardens need mre CARE，但和文中的Established matrix gardens shuld nt need the life supprt we give mst gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering.相悖，故错误。选标题时一定要从文章整体把握，切不可断章取义、以偏概全。
1.解题技巧：
2.思维方法：
要首先找出文章的主题句，然后根据文章主题句确定文章标题，如果没有主题句再寻找全文重复性强的关键词或者概括全文。
① 正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；
② 反面否定法：撇开原文，设想各选项写出来应是什么样的文章，然后和原文比对，逐一排除不符项；
③ 研读备选项：认真研读备选项里的中心词、结构、概括性、修饰词的变化，查看与中心思想是否相符。
易错点2：文章的段落大意定位不准

(2025年1月•浙江卷) D篇 Martin sees a silver lining, hwever: She believes that anthrpmrphism (拟人化) “prvides an pprtunity t change steretypes.” When wmen are put int psitins f leadership like running cmpanies, it reduces negative steretypes abut wmen. Similarly, anthrpmrphized prducts culd be created t take n steretype-incnsistent rles — a male rbt that assists with nursing r a female rbt that helps d calculatins, fr instance.
35．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A．The quality f genderless prducts.B．The upside f gendering a prduct.
C．The meaning f anthrpmrphism.D．The steretypes f men and wmen.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Martin sees a silver lining, hwever: She believes that anthrpmrphism (拟人化) ‘prvides an pprtunity t change steretypes.’ (然而，马丁看到了一线希望：她认为拟人化‘提供了改变刻板印象的机会’)”以及后文所举的例子可知，最后一段主要讲了赋予产品性别有积极的一面，即可以通过拟人化改变刻板印象。故选B项。
解题技巧：
段落大意题主要考查段落的主要意思，是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和概括。概括、总结、归纳段落大意就是用准确的、简练的语言把一个段落的主要意思明确而完整地表达出来。
做题时要特别注意“首尾兼顾”，即所问段落的首句和尾句。一是因为它们往往体现主旨要义，二是因为利用这些信息可以迅速提炼段落结构框架，在框架下的主旨判断，其准确性更高。
易错点3：文章大意把握不准
(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷) C篇
We all knw fresh is best when it cmes t fd. Hwever, mst prduce at the stre went thrugh weeks f travel and cvered hundreds f miles befre reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre.
BMF is an indr garden system. It can be set up fr a family. Additinally, it culd serve a larger audience such as a hspital, restaurant r schl. The innvative design requires little effrt t achieve a reliable weekly supply f fresh greens.
Specifically, it’s a farm that relies n new technlgy. By cnnecting thrugh the Clud, BMF is remtely mnitred. Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. Because the system is autmated, it significantly reduces the amunt f water needed t grw plants. Rather than watering rws f sil, the system prvides just the right amunt t each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pd (容器) t get the next grwth cycle started.
Mrever, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zer emissins (排放) frm transprting plants frm sil t salad. In additin, there’s n need fr pesticides and ther chemicals that pllute traditinal farms and the surrunding envirnment.
BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee.
11. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. BMF’s majr strengths.B. BMF’s general management.
C. BMF’s glbal influence.D. BMF’s technical standards.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“By cnnecting thrugh the Clud, BMF is remtely mnitred. Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. Because the system is autmated, it significantly reduces the amunt f water needed t grw plants. Rather than watering rws f sil, the system prvides just the right amunt t each plant. (通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选A。
本文的文章大意需要从文中各段进行总结，最后总结概括文章大意。
文章在不同的段落里说明了巴比伦微型农场的特点：减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等，很显然这都是农场的优势。故A选项正确。它是对全文的高度概括，语言精练。
文章大意解题指导
方法1：主题句法
解答主旨大意题，找准文章的主题句是关键。下面介绍两种快速找出主题句的方法。
(1)根据文体和写作手法来定位主题句
(2)根据行文标志来定位主题句
方法2：高频词法
全文中无明显主题句时，我们可以利用文章中的高频词。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。
方法3：逆向思维法
在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
二、推理判断题

推理判断题包括隐含意义推断题、观点态度、文章出处或写作对象、目的意图和下文预测推断题。推理判断题的命题选项采用的方法：
注意：比较级后面常有than, 有时前面会有any, much, far, even, still, a bit等修饰其程度。
易错点1： 对人物和事件的描述出错

1.(2025年1月•浙江卷)C篇 Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudlf’s gardens ppularized this style, adding artistic flavrs t the planting mixes while playing with clr and frm, including fur-seasn interest and serving the needs f wildlife. Beautiful year-rund, they invite yu t enjy the smallest detail, frm the sund f grasses in the gentle wind t the sculpture f dd-lking seed heads.
30．Which f the fllwing best describes Piet Oudlf’s gardens?
A．Traditinal.B．Odd-lking.
C．Tasteful.D．Well-prtected.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudlf’s gardens ppularized this style, adding artistic flavrs t the planting mixes while playing with clr and frm, including fur seasn interest and serving the needs f wildlife.(荷兰植物学家兼设计师Piet Oudlf的花园推广了这种风格，在种植组合中增添了艺术气息，同时玩转色彩和形态，四季都有看点，还满足了野生动物的需求)”可知，Piet Oudlf的花园有艺术气息，很有品味。故选C项。
2.（2025年1月浙江卷）
I’ve been trying ut these strategies and I’ve fund that when I’m less restrictive, they d make better decisins. “Feeding is a lng game,” says Markey. “The fd yu have available makes a huge difference. Even if they dn’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all f a sudden it clicks.”
27. What des the authr think f the strategies she has been fllwing?
A. Cstly. B. Cmplex. C. Wrkable. D. Cntradictry.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I’ve been trying ut these strategies and I’ve fund that when I’m less restrictive, they d make better decisins. 我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我限制时，它们确实会做出更好的决定。”可知,作者认为她采取的策略是可行的。故选C。
如何判断人物和事件的特征
（1）思维导图
（2）人物和事件特征的设问方式
1．Which f the fllwing best
2．Accrding t the text, which wrds can best describe
3.Which f the fllwing best describe accrding t Paragraph
4.Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
5.What did the authr think f
（3）解题技巧
把描述人物的性格特征的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事迹相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。
易错点2： 写作态度易错
1.(2024·全国甲卷)
Dctrs see up t 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allws fr basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want. ”
31. What is Ducke’s attitude tward the Saint Lukas’ services?
A. Appreciative.B. DubtfulC. Ambiguus.D. Cautius.
【答案】A
【解析】推断判断题。根据最后一段的““I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned, ” says Ducke. “They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want. ”(“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关注，这给我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke说。这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会。”)”可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas的服务持赞赏的态度，故选A。
2.（2023•新高考全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇）
In a fllw-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn’t the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they “shared arguments and reasned tgether.”Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr. Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus.
( )35.What is the authr’s attitude tward Navajas’ studies?
A. Unclear.
B. Dismissive.
C. Dubtful.
D. Apprving.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus.”可知,虽然纳瓦哈斯领导的研究有局限性,仍然存在许多问题,但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。由此推知,作者对纳瓦哈斯的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。
解题方法：
做此类题目必须透过文章的字面意义去理解。作者的态度和观点无非也就是三种：支持、赞同、乐观；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观；中立、客观。作者的态度和观点常用一些形容词、副词和不定意义的动词来表达，如pssible, impssible, seem, strange等。这时需要注意的是：一定要理清作者所列举的事例与其观点、态度是一致的还是相反的。有些文章作者的观点态度隐含在文章的字里行间，需要通读全文，才能做出正确的判断。注意熟悉一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语。
褒义词有：supprtive(支持的)；psitive(积极的)；ptimistic(乐观的)；enthusiastic(热情的)等。
贬义词有：negative(否定的，消极的)；irnic(讽刺的)；critical(批评的)；disgusted(厌恶的)；disappinted(失望的)等。
中性词有：indifferent(漠不关心的)；uninterested(不感兴趣的)；bjective(客观的)；neutral(中立的)等。
易错点3： 对预测文章走势茫然不知所措
（2023•全国乙卷·阅读理解C篇）
What cmes int yur mind when yu think f British fd? Prbably fish and chips, r a Sunday dinner f meat and tw vegetables. But is British fd really s uninteresting? Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine, it is prducing mre tp class chefs wh appear frequently n ur televisin screens and whse recipe bks frequently tp the best seller lists.
It’s thanks t these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britns are turning away frm meat-and-tw-veg and ready-made meals and becming mre adventurus in their cking habits. It is recently reprted that the number f thse sticking t a traditinal diet is slwly declining and arund half f Britain’s cnsumers wuld like t change r imprve their cking in sme way. There has been a rise in the number f students applying fr fd curses at UK universities and clleges. It seems that TV prgrammes have helped change what peple think abut cking.
Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients(配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking. The UK's bsessin(痴迷) with fd is reflected thrugh televisin scheduling. Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast mre ften than befre. With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.
( )31.What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
A. The art f cking in ther cuntries.
B. Male chefs n TV prgrammes.
C. Table manners in the UK.
D. Studies f big eaters.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章尾句“With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it?s n lnger ‘uncl’ fr bys t like cking.”可知,随着越来越多的男厨师出现在电视上,男孩喜欢烹饪已经不再是“不酷”的事了。由此可推知,接下来作者可能会接着讨论电视节目上的男厨师们。故选B项。
如何判断文章走势
（1）思维导图
（2）文章走势的设问方式
1. What will be discussed further in the cming paragraph?
2．What may the researchers d next accrding t the last paragraph?
3．What wuld the authr mst prbably discuss next?
4．Where des the article g next?
5.What wuld the fllwing paragraph talk abut?
（3）解题技巧
对事件可能的结局或下一段可能涉及的内容等进行猜测推理。做此类题目时，务必把握作者的写作思路，如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述，从而做出比较科学的、合情合理的预测判断。特别要注意文章最后一段的内容及最后几句话。
易错点4： 写作目的和意图易混易错点
1．（2024·新课标I卷）
Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. “Smetimes it surprises me that it wrks s well,” he says. “I will d anything t help an animal. That’s my jb.”
27. Why des the authr mentin the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin?
A. T prve Farber’s pint. B. T emphasize its imprtance.
C. T praise veterinarians. D. T advcate animal prtectin.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the hlistic apprach will grw mre ppular with time, and if the past is any indicatin, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Hlistic Veterinary Medical Assciatin has grwn frm 30 t ver 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。
2.（2023•新高考全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B）
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fibreglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des.“Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says.“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
( )26.What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn’s research plans.
B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.
D. T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·托德从小就很爱观察自然且爱思考,他利用自然可以自我修复的原理建造了生态机器等设备来净化污水。
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage(污水)frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.”可知,多年来,约翰做了许多重要的工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施,可以处理南伯灵顿1600个家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。由此可知,作者提及福州的目的是展示约翰的想法的应用。
如何判断写作目的和意图
（1）思维导图
（2）目的意图题的设问方式
What is the main purpse f the authr writing the text?
The purpse f the text is t get mre peple t _______.
The writer f the stry wants t tell us that________.
The fact…is mentined by the authr t shw________.
The authr writers the last paragraph in rder t ________.
（3）解题技巧：
写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。
易错点5： 引申推断题易错
1．(2025年1月·浙江卷)B When I was a child I was ften tld what nt t eat. “Yu dn’t want t get fat” was n cnstant repeat thrughut my childhd. It really messed up my relatinship with fd — smething that tk me years t vercme. Because f this, I’m careful nt t cnnect what my kids weigh with their wrth as peple. I encurage my daughter t make healthy snack chices and ften dissuade (劝阻) her frm a secnd dessert. But ne day when I heard her saying “I think I’m t fat,” my heart sank. It made me wnder if giving her advice n snacks was having an unintentinally negative impact.
24. What can be inferred abut the authr frm the first paragraph?
A. She is upset by her kids’ weight. B. She is critical f the way she was fed.
C. She is interested in making fd. D. She is particular abut what she eats.
【答案】B
【解析】考查推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的When I was a child I was ften tld what nt t eat. “Yu dn’t want t get fat” was n cnstant repeat thrughut my childhd. It really messed up my relatinship with fd — smething that tk me years t vercme.（当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知不要吃什么。“你不想变胖”在我的童年生活中不断重复。这真的打乱了我与食物的关系——这是我花了好几年时间才克服的。）。由此推知，作对自己的被喂养的方式持批评的态度。故选B。
2.(2024新课标I卷)C
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
31. What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A. Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B. Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C. Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D. Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C项。
如何进行引申推断
根据阅读文章整体或某一段落的内容进行引申推断得出推断结果。引申推断的方法：1.通过分析文章内容，推断出文章中事实的结论，得出新的判断；2.推理判断的结论不是文章中的原句，而是在文章基础上，通过逻辑推理得出的结论。
（1）思维导图
（2）错误选项的特点
1. 似是而非：只是对原文信息简单重述，而不是依据文章提供事实依据推断出来的结论。
2. 夸大事实：对文章的事实或证据进行夸大；有时，选项内容与原文一致无需推断。
3. 推理过度：选项往往过于绝对化或片面化(以偏概全)，有时会出现nly, all等词语。
4. 掺入常识：根据考生已有常识是正确的，但不是根据文章中的证据推断出来的结论。
（3）解题技巧：
引申推断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
①定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点。
②字面理解：理解相关信息点字面意义。
③深层理解：进而理解作者的言外之意。
三、猜测词义

分析近三年新高考卷考查词义猜词的题目可知，对短语的考查与对生词的考查都有所涉及。我们都要运用逻辑关系、上下文、生活常识、文化背景、构词法等来猜测其含义。因此，在阅读过程中，考生需要结合语境，联系上下文进行猜测。
易错点1：词义/短语含义易混易错点
1.（2025•浙江新高考卷·阅读理解C篇节选）
A nvel design apprach t gardening has been gaining in ppularity wrldwide. Referred t as matrix planting, this apprach aims fr nature t d a lt mre f the heavy lifting in the garden, and even sme f the designing. Eschewing fertilizers(化肥) and pwer tls, it’s based n an elegantly simple principle: t garden mre like nature des.
28. What des the underlined wrd “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean?
A. Running ut f. B. Keeping away frm.
C. Putting up with. D. Taking advantage f.
【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文“ Eschewing fertilizers(化肥) and pwer tls, it’s based n an elegantly simple principle: t garden mre like nature des.它避开了化肥和电动工具，它基于一个优雅而简单的原则：更像自然一样种植花园。”可知,这种方法是像自然一样种植花园。也就是说，用自然生长的模式种植花园。当然就不用化肥和电动工具。由此推知,画线词所在句意为“避开，远离”,因此画线词的含义为“远离”。故选B。
2.（2023•新高考全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C篇节选）
The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu.
T d s, I divided the bk int tw parts. In part ne, I describe the philsphical fundatins f digital minimalism, starting with an examinatin f the frces that are making s many peple’s digital lives increasingly intlerable,befre mving n t a detailed discussin f the digital minimalism philsphy.
Part ne cncludes by intrducing my suggested methd fr adpting this philsphy: the digital declutter. This prcess requires yu t step away frm ptinal nline activities fr thirty days. At the end f the thirty days, yu will then add back a small number f carefully chsen nline activities that yu believe will prvide massive benefits t the things yu value.
( )29.What des the underlined wrd“declutter” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Clear-up. B. Add-n. C. Check-in. D. Take-ver.
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文“This prcess requires yu t step away frm ptinal nline activities fr thirty days.”可知,这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。由此推知,画线词所在句意为“第一部分通过介绍我建议的采用这一哲学的方法:数字清理进行了总结”,因此画线词的含义为“清理”。
一、利用上下文线索猜测词义
1．重述
作者为了使某一复杂难懂的词或术语的含义更清楚，通常会使用常用的、简明的词或词组对其进行解释，这就是重述。重述部分通过逗号(有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号或括号)与句子的其他部分隔开或用信号词引导。常见的信号词汇有：r, namely, that is, in ther wrds, that is t say, t be mre exact, t put in anther way等。
2.定义
作者有时会通过给某些词汇下定义来帮助读者理解词义，尤其是在一些科普类、社科类及与专业内容相关的文章中。此时，常使用的信号词语有：i.e., is, are, is/are called, mean, refer t, knwn as等。
3.举例
有时，画线词后会跟有一些具体的例子，这些例子能帮助考生理解画线词的词义。此时常出现的信号词语有：such as, fr example, fr instance, like, including, especially等。
4.同义词或近义词
有时，在画线单词或短语的上下文会出现与之同义或近义的词汇，它往往暗示了画线词或短语的含义，这时就可以根据同义、近义的替代关系推知生词或短语的含义。同义词、近义词常见的信号词汇有：and, r, like, as well, similarly, t, als, either等。
5.反义词
有时作者会用表示对比或转折的信号词连接意思相反的两个词或句子，这时就可根据反义词线索猜测词义。常见的表示对比或反义的信号词/词组有：(whether...) r, unlike, but, yet, hwever, while, althugh, nevertheless, instead, rather than, in cntrast, n the cntrary, n the ther hand等。
二、根据上下文逻辑猜测词义
有时作者并未在文中对某个单词或短语进行明显的解释说明，此时可根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推理，以确定某一复杂难懂的单词或短语的意义。
1．转折关系：利用转折关系猜测词义
2.对比关系：有时，文中会对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，或会出现与生词意思相反的词。因此，可以根据句中的对比关系来猜测词义。
3.类比关系
作为一种推理方法，类比关系是指类比各对象之间存在的一种相似性(共同特征)，它通过比较不同对象间的某些相似属性，从而推出另一属性也可能相似。常见的表示类比关系的信号词汇有：similarly, like, als, just as, as well等。
三、根据语法知识猜测词义
在英语句子中，同位语或同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句等都起着解释说明、补充或限定的作用，因此也能提供猜测词义的线索。
易错点2：代词指代易错点
（2020•新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C•节选）
In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind. A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that．Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea：Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers.
9．What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Develping a serius mental disease.
B．Taking a guided tur in Central Asia.
C．Wrking as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.
D．Writing an article abut the Aral Sea.
【答案】D
【解析】考查猜测代词词义。代词that常用来指代上文提到的事情，因此推断此处that指代第一段的内容，再根据Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea：Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia可知，这本书出现了，因此可以判断“that”指代第一段提到的t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea, Mr Bissell的本意是写一篇文章，结果却写成了一本书。故选D。
代词指代题旨在考查考生根据上下文猜测代词的指代意义的能力。代词多是it, that, he, him, that等，可以指代上文提到的人或物，it和that还可以指代一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事物。
【做题步骤】
四、细节理解

细节理解题主要考查对文章中某一特定句子的理解，解题时可以使用快速阅读的方法，找到文章中对应的关键词，然后再仔细阅读相关的句子，理解其含义。
具体步骤如下：
第一步：采用先题后文法，先仔细审读题干，标出关键词。
第二步：采用原词复现、近义词、同义词甚至反义词等方法，迅速在原文中查询关键词句，再精准翻译。
第三步：核对选项，注意细节是否有替换或曲解。
易错点：不能识别同义表达易错

2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C 篇节选）
C
The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu.
T d s, I divided the bk int tw parts. In part ne, I describe the philsphical fundatins f digital minimalism, starting with an examinatin f the frces that are making s many peple’s digital lives increasingly intlerable,befre mving n t a detailed discussin f the digital minimalism philsphy.
( )28.What is the bk aimed at?
A.Teaching critical thinking skills.
B.Advcating a simple digital lifestyle.
C.Slving philsphical prblems.
D.Prmting the use f a digital device.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu. (这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。
间接信息题的核心是识别同义句表达。最常用的方法是：1.采用同义词改写选项或题干；2.用反义词改写选项或题干，采用正话反说的方式；3.采用相关句式改写。
例如：本题的解题思维过程如下：
【题干定位】关键词 be aimed at
【文章定位】The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu.
【文章中的关键词】 The gal f this bk
【同义句表达手段】be aimed at =The gal f this bk
【内容定位】 t make the case fr digital minimalism
【选项关键词】Advcating v. 提倡( advcate的现在分词 )；为…辩护
【同义句表达手段】Advcating v. 提倡( advcate的现在分词 )；为…辩护=make the case fr为…辩护；提出理由
【正确选项】B
4.（2023·全国甲卷·阅读理解B篇节选）
Terri, wh nw rents a huse with friends in Wandswrth, Suth West Lndn, says DIY als saves her frm lsing any depsit when a tenancy (租期) cmes t an end. She adds: “I’ve mved huse many times and I always like t persnalise my rm and put up pictures, s, it’s been useful t knw hw t cver up hles and repaint a rm t avid any charges when I’ve mved ut.”
26. Hw did Terri avid lsing the depsit n the huse she rented?
A. By making it lk like befre.B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a rmmate.D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
【答案】 A
【解析】根据本段最后一句“ “S, it’s been useful t knw hw t cver up hles and repaint a rm t avid any charges when I’ve mved ut. ”可知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。
【解题的关键词】题干中的avid lsing the depsit避免损失押金 和文章中的avid any charges 避免被扣除租房的押金，是同义句表达。
5.（2023·1月浙江卷·阅读理解C篇节选）What Hammnd is referring t is the questin f meaning, and meaning is central t what distinguishes the least intelligent f humans frm the mst intelligent f machines. A cmputer wrks with symbls. Its prgram specifies a set f rules t transfrm ne string f symbls int anther. But it des nt specify what thse symbls mean. Indeed, t a cmputer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, als wrk with symbls. But fr humans, meaning is everything. When we cmmunicate, we cmmunicate meaning. What matters is nt just the utside f a string f symbls, but the inside t, nt just hw they are arranged but what they mean.
30．What is Prject Debater unable t d accrding t Hammnd?
A．Create rules.B．Cmprehend meaning.
C．Talk fluently.D．Identify difficult wrds.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammnd is referring t is the questin f meaning, and meaning is central t what distinguishes the least intelligent f humans frm the mst intelligent f machines. A cmputer wrks with symbls. Its prgram specifies a set f rules t transfrm ne string f symbls int anther. But it des nt specify what thse symbls mean. Indeed, t a cmputer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammnd所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammnd的说法，Prject Debater不能理解意义，故选B。
【解题的关键词】题干中的unable t d不能做 和文章中的des nt specify未指定，是同义句表达。

间接信息题解题指导
间接信息题常出现在各种文体中，会涉及各个方面的内容。解此类试题常用“同义表达”法。
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用cnduct对文中的carry ut进行同义转换,用finally对文中的eventual进行同义转换。
间接细节理解题的解题关键：
信息题的核心关键是识别同义句表达。目前高考中直接读出答案的细节理解题占的比重越来越少，很多情况下是对文章命题出处语句的不同程度的改写，因此，要想准确定位就要识别同义句表达。
最常用的方法是：1.采用同义词改写选项或题干；2.用反义词改写选项或题干，采用正话反说的方式；3.采用相关句式改写。
改写类别：1.改写阅读理解的题干。把题干中的关键词通常采用同义词的手段改写为同义句，这时，我们要找到文章中的同义词进行定位。
2.改写阅读理解中的选项。阅读理解问题中的选项很大程度上不是文章定位中的原句，大多采用了同义句表达的形式。识别选项中与原文定位中的同义句是选出正确答案的关键。
解题思路

高考模拟新题练
时间：30分钟 满分：50分 得分：__________
1.（2025·河北省保定市高三一模）
When yu hear the term “classical music,” d yu think f an easy-listening radi backgrund r passins deeply cnnecting with yur sul? As a music educatr, I advcate “cnscius listening” t classical music that is ripe fr fun, creative assciatins.
The first step t a cnscius listening experience is learning mindfulness: being fully attentive in the mment. Mindfulness is mre than letting the sund wash ver us; it’s abut pening up t the big picture with a nnjudgmental mind, which in the lng term enhances ur capacity fr cmplex cncepts and prblem-slving, leading t better judgment and decisins.
Finding mindfulness in the everyday is nt always easy. An audience member whispering r flipping pages frm a bklet during a live perfrmance can thrw the musicians ff and frustrate thers. Nise pllutin and scial media als create an underlying disturbance t ur listening pwers that can threaten ur health, gradually increasing ur anxiety and emtinal discnnectin.
Breathwrk is ne f the mst cmmn methds f cultivating mindfulness. A better way t ease in is t first engage emtinally with rich music. Then, allw the flw f energy t lead t tensin and release, creating anticipatin and then fulfilling it, naturally causing inhales (吸气) and exhales after multiple listens. This is exactly what listening t musical harmny des. Research shws that music pleasure emerges frm the interactin between ur anticipatin f upcming sund thrugh ur reward system and the actual pleasing sund itself.
Frget easyging “massage music.” Try fllwing the multiple vices in J. S. Bach’s cmpsitins that inspire mental calm and clarity thrugh their interactins. Or sense the emtinal tensin and release patterns in the harmnies f Sergei Rachmaninff. Classical music demands a higher level f awareness and ffers richer rewards. Then, the surrunding nise melts away.
Listening t music can feel like having a cmpanin n a jurney wh is guiding yu thrugh each mment f mindfulness. It is easier t becme mindful when fcusing n the flw f the music instead f seeking abslute quiet.
1．Hw des lng-term mindfulness practice benefit listeners?
A．By imprving scial interactin.B．By prmting issue-reslutin skills.
C．By enhancing relaxatin effects.D．By increasing musical appreciatin.
2．What majr challenge t mindful listening is highlighted in paragraph 3?
A．A critic mentality abut music.
B．Perfrmers inapprpriate behavirs.
C．The capacity fr cmplex cncepts.
D．Distractins frm nise and technlgy.
3．Why des the authr recmmend Bach and Rachmaninff’s wrks?
A．Their cmpsitins best demnstrate emtinal patterns.
B．Their wrks are the mst accessible fr beginners.
C．They represent the mst technically demanding pieces.
D．They are universally cnsidered easyging music.
4．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T highlight the advantages f mindfulness.
B．T cnvey persnal views n classical music.
C．T enable music listeners t engage deeply.
D．T intrduce a new methd fr cncentratin.
【答案】1．B 2.D 3．A 4．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是通过“有意识聆听”古典音乐来培养专注力和情感连接，以及如何克服外界干扰以实现深度聆听。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mindfulness is mre than letting the sund wash ver us; it’s abut pening up t the big picture with a nnjudgmental mind, which in the lng term enhances ur capacity fr cmplex cncepts and prblem-slving, leading t better judgment and decisins.(正念不仅仅是让声音淹没我们；它是关于以一种不加评判的心态面对大局，从长远来看，这可以增强我们处理复杂概念和解决问题的能力，从而产生更好的判断和决策)”可知，长期的正念练习能够提高解决问题的技巧，从而使听众受益。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“An audience member whispering r flipping pages frm a bklet during a live perfrmance can thrw the musicians ff and frustrate thers. Nise pllutin and scial media als create an underlying disturbance t ur listening pwers that can threaten ur health, gradually increasing ur anxiety and emtinal discnnectin.(在现场演出中，观众窃窃私语或翻动小册子，可能会让音乐家感到迷惑，也会让其他人感到沮丧。噪音污染和社交媒体也会对我们的听力造成潜在的干扰，威胁我们的健康，逐渐增加我们的焦虑和情感脱节)”可知，本段主要强调了全神贯注倾听的一个主要挑战——噪音和科技会让人分心。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Try fllwing the multiple vices in J. S. Bach’s cmpsitins that inspire mental calm and clarity thrugh their interactins. Or sense the emtinal tensin and release patterns in the harmnies f Sergei Rachmaninff. Classical music demands a higher level f awareness and ffers richer rewards. Then, the surrunding nise melts away.(试着跟随J. S. Bach作品中的多种声音，通过它们的相互作用激发精神平静和清晰。或者感受Sergei Rachmaninff和声中情绪的紧张和释放模式。古典音乐需要更高层次的意识，并提供更丰富的回报。然后，周围的噪音就会消失)”可知，作者推荐听Bach 和Rachmaninff的作品是因为他们的作品最能表现情感模式。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“The first step t a cnscius listening experience is learning mindfulness: being fully attentive in the mment.(有意识倾听的第一步是学习正念：在那一刻全神贯注)”和最后一段“Listening t music can feel like having a cmpanin n a jurney wh is guiding yu thrugh each mment f mindfulness. It is easier t becme mindful when fcusing n the flw f the music instead f seeking abslute quiet.(听音乐就像在旅途中有一个同伴，他会引导你度过每一个正念的时刻。当专注于音乐的流动而不是寻求绝对的安静时，更容易变得正念)”可知，作者建议有意识地倾听古典音乐，有意识地倾听的第一步是学习正念，文章介绍了如何培养正念，故作者的目的是为了使音乐听众能够深入沉浸其中。故选C。
2.（2025·河北省石家庄市普通高中毕业年级教学质量检测（二））
King Shahryar, betrayed (背叛) by his wife, decides t marry a new wman each night and have her killed by mrning t ensure he is never betrayed again. Scheherazade vlunteers t marry the king. Each evening, she begins an engaging stry but stps at dawn, leaving him eager fr mre. Night after night, she keeps him attracted with new tales, and ver 1,001 nights, the king falls in lve with her and abandns his cruel ways.
This ancient tale frm One Thusand and One Nights highlights strytelling’s impact. Our recent research shws that strng strytelling skills can dramatically imprve smene’s well-being.
At its cre, strytelling helps peple find meaning frm life’s chas. Studies shw we shape ur identities by turning experiences int persnal stries. Skilled strytellers excel at tw key skills: they need t cnnect events lgically and they must learn t see the wrld thrugh the eyes f their characters, understanding the “why” f what drives peple. Applying these tw skills t their wn lives, skillful strytellers use the first t identify and pursue what gives their life meaning, while the secnd develps a mindset that priritizes the “why” behind their actins ver just the “hw”.
T illustrate this pint, we cnducted studies with 800 participants. We measured strytelling ability thrugh self-reprts, friend evaluatins and expert reviews n lab experiments where each participant tld ne stry abut himself and the ther with three given randm wrds. In additin t these assessments f strytelling skills, we asked participants questins t get a sense f hw meaningful they fund life and whether they apprached decisins with a “why” mindset rather than a “hw” mindset.
Results cnsistently linked strytelling skills t strnger life meaning and gal clarity. Persnality als mattered: peple pen t new experiences cllected mre interesting life stries, while shy peple used strytelling t balance ut their limited scial interactin.
A strng “why” mindset cnnects with reduced stress and extended life. Strytelling als builds scial cnnectins. By helping peple express their purpse and build relatinships, stries may indirectly strengthen bth mental and physical health.
Strytelling wrkshps, nw ppular glbally, may d mre than teach cmmunicatin they culd help participants redefine their life’s directin.
5．Why des the authr mentin Scheherazade’s stries in the first paragraph?
A．T shw Scheherazade’s cleverness.B．T entertain readers with a classic tale.
C．T intrduce the tpic f strytelling.D．T cmpare ancient and mdern stries.
6．What des the “why” mindset primarily fcus n?
A．Cmpleting daily tasks efficiently.B．Aviding stressful situatins.
C．Memrizing randm life events.D．Understanding life’s purpse.
7．What were participants asked t d in the lab experiment?
A．Share persnal interests in a grup.
B．Tell a stry with wrds prvided.
C．Reflect n the “why” behind their actins.
D．Cnnect events int a meaningful stry.
8．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．Scheherazade’s Survival in an Ancient Tale
B．Hw Peple’s Strytelling Abilities Develp
C．Living a Meaningful Life thrugh Strytelling
D．Why Shy Peple Attend Strytelling Wrkshps
【答案】5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C
【解析】这篇文章是一篇说明文。主要探讨了讲故事能力对个人幸福感和生活意义的积极影响，并结合研究数据分析了其背后的心理学机制。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“This ancient tale frm One Thusand and One Nights highlights strytelling’s impact. Our recent research shws that strng strytelling skills can dramatically imprve smene’s well-being. (这个出自《一千零一夜》的古老故事彰显了讲故事的影响力。我们最新的研究表明，出色的讲故事能力能显著提升一个人的幸福感。)”可知，作者引用舍赫拉查德（Scheherazade）的故事是为了引出“讲故事”这一主题，后文内容均围绕讲故事的作用展开。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Applying these tw skills t their wn lives, skillful strytellers use the first t identify and pursue what gives their life meaning, while the secnd develps a mindset that priritizes the “why” behind their actins ver just the “hw”. (将这两种技能运用到生活中时，娴熟的讲故事者会运用第一种技能来发现并追寻生命的意义，而第二种技能则能培养一种思维方式——这种思维更关注行为背后的“为什么”，而不仅仅是“怎么做”。)”可知，“为什么思维”关注的是做某行为背后的目的和意义是什么。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“We measured strytelling ability thrugh self-reprts, friend evaluatins and expert reviews n lab experiments where each participant tld ne stry abut himself and the ther with three given randm wrds. (我们通过三种方式评估参与者的叙事能力：自我报告、朋友评价，以及在实验室实验中的专家评审——实验中每位参与者需要讲述两个故事：一个是关于自己的亲身经历，另一个则需运用三个随机提供的词语进行即兴创作。)”可知，实验要求参与者用给定词语编故事。故选B项。
8．主旨大意题。全文以舍赫拉查德（Scheherazade）的故事开篇，重点讨论讲故事如何帮助人们找到生活意义（第三段）、研究结果（第四至六段）及其对心理健康的益处（第七段）。“通过讲故事过上有意义的生活”能概括全文核心，适合用作标题。故选C项。
3.（2025·吉林省长春市高三下学期质量监测（三））
If yu ever feel that the wrld is against yu, yu are nt alne. We all have a tendency t assume that when anything ges wrng, the fault lies within sme great intrigue (诡计) against us. If a c-wrker fails the deadline, they must be trying t ruin career. When WiFi in a cffee shp is nt wrking, the staff must be lying abut having it t attract yu in.
But the simple fact is that these explanatins, which we tend t jump t, are barely true. Maybe yur c-wrker thught tday was Tuesday, nt Wednesday. Maybe the WiFi ruter was just brken. This is where Hanln’s razr cmes in — a useful mental mdel that never credits t intentinal harm that can be fully explained by ignrance.
Applying Hanln’s razr, a useful tl fr rapid decisin-making and intelligent cmprehensin, in ur day-t-day lives allws us t becme less judgmental, and imprve reasning skills. Meanwhile, Hanln’s razr allws us t give peple the benefit f the dubt, have mre empathy (同理心) and teaches us nt t assume the wrst intentin in the actins f thers, the value f which is mst prnunced in relatinships, business matters, and persnal happiness.
We all lead cmplex lives where things are cnstantly ging wrng. When this ccurs, a cmmn respnse is t blame the nearest persn and assume they have bad intentin. Hwever, when smene messes up arund us, we frget hw many times we, t, have dne the same. Instead, the perpetratr becmes a surce f intense annyance.
T assume intentin in such a situatin is likely t wrsen the prblem. Nne f us can ever knw what smene else wants t happen. Inability r ignrance is far mre likely t be the cause than the desire t hurt. When a situatin causes us t becme angry r upset, it can be valuable t cnsider if thse emtins are justified. Often, the best way t react t ther peple causing us prblems is by seeking t educate them, nt t dismiss them. In this way, we can avid repeats f the same situatin.
9．Hw d peple typically react t failures accrding t the text?
A．Face true ill intentin.B．Shift current situatins.
C．Misplace blame n thers.D．Seek trustwrthy persns.
10．What des Hanln’s razr refer t?
A．It identifies wh is t blame.B．It is a device fr ruter repair.
C．It avids assuming harm by ignrance.D．It is an apprach fr clleague’s fault.
11．What des the underlined wrd “perpetratr” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．An errr maker.B．An issue fixer.C．A blame sharer.D．A familiar persn.
12．What will prbably be discussed next in the text?
A．Hw t cntrl the bad emtins.
B．Hw t instruct thers effectively.
C．Hw t change the nervus relatinship.
D．Hw t avid reappearance f the same situatin.
【答案】9．C 10．C 11．A 12．B
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕人们面对失败时的常见反应展开，介绍了“Hanln’s razr”这一思维模型，阐述了该模型在日常生活决策、提升推理能力、改善人际关系等方面的作用，并指出在面对他人导致的问题时，应避免恶意揣测，尝试教育他人而非一味指责，以避免同样情况再次发生。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段“If yu ever feel that the wrld is against yu, yu are nt alne. We all have a tendency t assume that when anything ges wrng, the fault lies within sme great intrigue (诡计) against us.(如果你觉得这个世界在与你作对，你并不孤单。我们都有一种倾向，认为当事情出错时，错误在于某个针对我们的阴谋。)”可知，人们通常对失败的反应是错误地指责别人。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“But the simple fact is that these explanatins, which we tend t jump t, are barely true. Maybe yur c-wrker thught tday was Tuesday, nt Wednesday. Maybe the WiFi ruter was just brken. This is where Hanln’s razr cmes in — a useful mental mdel that never credits t intentinal harm that can be fully explained by ignrance.(但简单的事实是，我们倾向于得出的这些解释几乎是不真实的。也许你的同事认为今天是星期二，而不是星期三。也许Wi-Fi路由器坏了。这就是汉隆剃刀的原理——一个有用的思维模型，它从不归因于故意伤害，而这种伤害可以通过无知来完全解释。)”可知，汉隆剃刀指的是避免因无知而假设伤害。故选C。
11．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“When this ccurs, a cmmn respnse is t blame the nearest persn and assume they have bad intentin. Hwever, when smene messes up arund us, we frget hw many times we, t, have dne the same.( 当这种情况发生时，一种常见的反应是责怪离自己最近的人，并认为他们怀有恶意。然而，当身边有人搞砸事情时，我们却忘记了自己也有过多少次同样的行为。)”可知，当有人把事情搞砸了，我们忘记了自己有多少次也犯了同样的错误，只是一味地认为犯错者是根源。由此可知，perpetratr意为“错误制造者”。故选A。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Often, the best way t react t ther peple causing us prblems is by seeking t educate them, nt t dismiss them. In this way, we can avid repeats f the same situatin.(通常，对别人给我们造成的问题做出反应的最好方法是寻求教育他们，而不是解雇他们。通过这种方式，我们可以避免同样的情况再次发生。)”可推知，文章接下来可能会讨论如何有效地指导他人。故选B。
4.（2025·浙江省绍兴市高三下学期二模）
It turns ut patience isn’t always a virtue. By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Trnt teen was well n his way t becming a wrking artist. He had already had his first shw at a lcal arts hub, shwcasing his series titled Dispsitins, charcal sketches f the human bdy as a metaphr fr his wn transfrmatin during adlescence.
Yet he wanted mre-specifically t start shwing his wrk in a juried exhibitin (评审展览), where art experts wuld evaluate and select pieces in a cmpetitive review prcess. That’s when he hit an bstacle, discvering that the minimum age fr submissin was 18.
That rejectin stimulates his creatin. “There was a vid in the art wrld, and I thught it’d be really cl if I culd prvide the pprtunity fr mre yung artists,” says Nalin, nw 15. With the supprt f his parents, Nalin funded in 2023 Little ‘EGG Gallery, a cmmercial studi specially fr underage artists. The gallery, which is nw prfitable enugh t break even, charges a small hanging fee fr any displayed wrk and takes a 15 percent cmmissin fee n sales. In turn, Little EGG helps prmte yung talents by shwcasing their wrk.
Nt lng after pening, Ontari Cllege f Art and Design University prfessr and artist David Griffin stumbled upn the gallery while taking a casual walk with his wife in their neighburhd. An exhibitin was being installed at the time, and sme f Nalin’s wn wrk was n the walls. Upn meeting Nalin, Griffin says he understd that he was speaking with smene special: “a strng yung artist with a really excellent idea, which was t prvide a space fr shwing the lcal cmmunity the easy, natural genius f yung peple.” A cnnectin was frmed, and Nalin asked Griffin t help judge an upcming cmpetitin.
The first juried shw was last spring, and the tp three winners each received a $50 cash prize. Five-year-ld Jack Gamble wn fr his abstract painting titled Pkemn.
13．What mainly drve Nalin t start Little EGG Gallery?
A．The supprt f his parents.B．The desire t create his wn studi.
C．The wish t ffer yung artists chances.D．The apprval frm the lcal cmmunity.
14．What des the underlined phrase “stumbled upn” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Withdrew frm.B．Came acrss.C．Lked arund.D．Headed fr.
15．Which f the fllwing best describes Nalin Kamat?
A．Patient and humble.B．Determined and sympathetic.
C．Cmpetitive and cperative.D．Creative and devted.
16．What can we learn frm David Griffin’s wrds?
A．Nalin’s uniqueness impressed him a lt.
B．Nalin’s idea received wide recgnitin.
C．Nalin’s platfrm bsted yung artists’ creativity.
D．Nalin’s effrts brught abut the neighbrhd unity.
【答案】13．C 14．B 15．D 16．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Nalin Kamat创立Little EGG Gallery为年轻艺术家提供展示机会的故事。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段““There was a vid in the art wrld, and I thught it’d be really cl if I culd prvide the pprtunity fr mre yung artists,” says Nalin, nw 15. (“艺术界存在一个空白，我想如果我能为更多年轻艺术家提供机会，那将非常酷，”现年15岁的Nalin说)”可知，为年轻艺术家提供机会的愿望驱使Nalin创办了Little EGG Gallery。故选C。
14．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Nt lng after pening, Ontari Cllege f Art and Design University prfessr and artist David Griffin stumbled upn the gallery while taking a casual walk with his wife in their neighburhd. (开业不久，安大略艺术设计大学教授兼艺术家David Griffin在与妻子在附近散步时stumbled upn这个画廊)”可知，David Griffin和妻子在附近散步，推测他们是偶然发现了这个画廊，划线短语stumbled upn意为“偶然发现”，与Came acrss意思相近。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Trnt teen was well n his way t becming a wrking artist. (当Nalin Kamat 13岁时，这位多伦多少年就已经踏上了成为一名职业艺术家的道路)”以及第三段“With the supprt f his parents, Nalin funded in 2023 Little ‘EGG Gallery, a cmmercial studi specially fr underage artists.(在父母的支持下，Nalin于2023年创立了Little ‘EGG Gallery，这是一家专门为未成年艺术家打造的商业工作室)”可知，他13岁就踏上了成为一名职业艺术家的道路，并于2023年创办画廊为年轻艺术家提供机会，由此可推知，Nalin Kamat是富有创造力和奉献精神的。故选D。
16．推理判断题。根据第四段“Upn meeting Nalin, Griffin says he understd that he was speaking with smene special: “a strng yung artist with a really excellent idea, which was t prvide a space fr shwing the lcal cmmunity the easy, natural genius f yung peple.” (在与Nalin会面后，Griffin表示，他明白自己正在与一位特别的人交谈：“一位强大的年轻艺术家，他有一个非常好的想法，那就是为当地社区提供一个展示年轻人轻松、自然天赋的空间。”)”可知，David Griffin认为Nalin是特别的，是强大的年轻艺术家，并且有很好的想法，为年轻艺术家提供展示的机会，由此可推知，Nalin的独特性给David Griffin留下了深刻印象。故选A。
5.（2025·浙江省绍兴市高三下学期二模）
Nursing hmes have increasingly turned t rbts t cmplete a variety f care tasks. A new study frm a University f Ntre Dame expert n the future f wrk finds that rbt use is assciated with increased emplyment and emplyee retentin (留住), imprved prductivity and a higher quality f care. The research has imprtant implicatins fr the wrkplace and the lng-term care industry.
Yng Suk Lee, assciate prfessr f technlgy, ecnmy and glbal affairs, was the lead authr fr the study. “Our research fcused n Japan because it is a super-aging sciety that prvides a gd example f what the future culd entail elsewhere-a declining ppulatin, a grwing share f senir citizens and a declining share f wrking-age peple,” Lee said. “We need t be ready fr this new reality.”
In a future where there are mre senir citizens requiring care, using rbts in a targeted fashin culd benefit wrkers and patients alike, Lee said. The study analyzed three types f rbts that are increasingly used in assisted living facilities: Transfer rbts, which nurses use t lift, mve and rtate patients in beds and arund rms. Mbility rbts, which patients use t mve arund and t bathe. Mnitring and cmmunicatin rbts, which include technlgies such as cmputer visin and bed sensrs that can recrd and examine patient data such as mvement and share it with care prviders.
“We fund that rbt adptin aids care wrkers by reducing quit rates. This is imprtant because emplyee turnver is a big cncern in nursing hmes. Wrkers typically experience a great deal f physical pain, particularly in their knees and back. The wrk is hard and the pay is lw. S rbt use was assciated with emplyee retentin.” Lee said, “Rbts can imprve prductivity by shifting the tasks perfrmed by care wrkers t thse invlving human tuch, empathy and dexterity (灵活性). Ultimately, rbts can help wrkers prvide a higher level f patient care.”
“This research prvides critical insights int hw scieties can successfully navigate the challenges f caring fr aging ppulatins,” Lee said.
17．Why did Yng Suk Lee fcus his research n Japan?
A．It encurages the elderly care industry.B．It has a sund fundatin fr rbt nursing.
C．Its super-aging sciety well reflects the trend.D．It wns the mst advanced rbts in the wrld.
18．Hw d the nursing rbts imprve patient care?
A．They ffer full-time chat service.B．They mnitr patients’ real-time data.
C．They prvide specific treatment plans.D．They mve medical equipment freely.
19．Why des rbt adptin reduce wrkers’ quit rates?
A．It slves the issue f lw pay.
B．It eases their heavy wrking burden.
C．It helps t treat their ccupatinal injuries.
D．It switches their fcus frm human tuch t technlgy.
20．What’s the passage mainly abut?
A．Japan’s explratin exemplifies the care industry.
B．High quality care fr the elderly shuld be advcated.
C．Nursing rbts benefit staff retentin and patient care.
D．Rbt adptin in nursing requires critical examinatin.
【答案】17．C 18．B 19．B 20．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了护理机器人对养老院员工留存率和患者护理质量的积极影响。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段““Our research fcused n Japan because it is a super-aging sciety that prvides a gd example f what the future culd entail elsewhere-a declining ppulatin, a grwing share f senir citizens and a declining share f wrking-age peple,” Lee said. (‘我们的研究集中在日本，因为它是一个超老龄化社会，为其他地方未来可能面临的情况提供了一个很好的例子——人口减少，老年人口比例增加，劳动年龄人口比例下降，’李说)”可知，Yng Suk Lee将研究集中在日本是因为其超老龄化社会很好地反映了趋势。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据第三段“Mnitring and cmmunicatin rbts, which include technlgies such as cmputer visin and bed sensrs that can recrd and examine patient data such as mvement and share it with care prviders. (监测和通信机器人，包括计算机视觉和床传感器等技术，可以记录和检查患者的运动等数据，并与护理提供者共享)”可知，护理机器人通过监测患者的实时数据来改善患者护理。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据第四段“Wrkers typically experience a great deal f physical pain, particularly in their knees and back. The wrk is hard and the pay is lw. S rbt use was assciated with emplyee retentin. (工作人员通常会经历很多身体疼痛，尤其是膝盖和背部。工作很辛苦，工资也很低。因此，机器人的使用与员工留存率有关)”可知，机器人的使用降低了工人离职率是因为机器人减轻了工作人员的繁重工作负担。故选B。
20．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study frm a University f Ntre Dame expert n the future f wrk finds that rbt use is assciated with increased emplyment and emplyee retentin (留住), imprved prductivity and a higher quality f care. (圣母大学一位研究未来工作的专家的一项新研究发现，机器人的使用与就业增加、员工留存率提高、生产力提高和护理质量提高有关)”以及文章内容可知，全文围绕机器人如何通过提升员工留存率和患者护理质量来应对老龄化社会，重点强调其对这两方面的积极影响。选项C“护理机器人有利于员工保留和患者护理”全面概括主题。故选C。
押题演练
时间：30分钟 满分：50分 得分：__________
A
Jamie Carter’s stry is a shining example f hw ne persn’s determinatin can bring meaningful change t a cmmunity. At 16, Jamie has already changed lives in her cmmunity. Her jurney began at 13 when she vlunteered at a lcal fd shelter. While helping t pack bxes f canned gds, Jamie nticed ne pressing issue: there was a lack f fresh vegetables. This realizatin inspired her t address the prblem, eventually leading t a cmmunity-wide gardening initiative.
Jamie prpsed turning a part f her family’s 150-acre farm int a garden dedicated t prviding fresh prduce fr lcal families. While her mther, Sarah Carter, supprted the idea, she als understd the effrt it wuld require. Althugh the family had experience grwing crps like wheat and barley, raising vegetables was new t them. Hwever, Jamie was determined t make a difference and reduce the nutritinal gap she had bserved.
T vercme her lack f experience, Jamie cnducted thrugh research and applied fr a grant frm the Natinal Agriculture and Yuth Organizatin t fund her prject. She wrked tirelessly, spending tw t three hurs every day watering her crps during the ht summers f Kansas while balancing her ther cmmitments, like sccer practices. Additinally, she managed challenges such as weeds and particularly demanding crps like green beans.
With help frm her yunger siblings, Jamie’s half-acre garden prduced 15 types f vegetables in its first year, yielding 40 punds f prduce that benefited fd banks, nursing hmes, and sup kitchens. Inspired by this success, Jamie expanded the garden t duble its size. Over time, her prject has dnated mre than 7,000 punds f fresh prduce, valued at arund $15,000, earning her widespread respect within her cmmunity. Her effrts deeply mved many, including a mther frm a lcal shelter wh expressed gratitude fr fd that reminded her children f hme.
Jamie’s mtivatin is simple yet prfund. “I wanted t create smething that culd make a real impact,” she explained t KNC News. Her belief in cmmunity pwer and the jy f helping thers cntinues t inspire her future effrts.
1．What mtivated Jamie t start her gardening prject?
A．Her lve fr grwing plants.
B．A desire t learn farming techniques.
C．The need fr fresh vegetables at shelters.
D．The chance t becme well-knwn lcally.
2．Hw did Jamie tackle her lack f farming experience?
A．By cmbing study with practice.
B．By balancing her ther activities.
C．By wrking tirelessly n her wn.
D．By seeking advice frm rganizatins.
3．Which f the fllwing can best describe Jamie?
A．Observant and cautius.B．Ambitius and cnventinal.
C．Emtinal and persistent.D．Purpseful and devted.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Jamie’s Garden: A New Way f Planting
B．Frm Field t Family: A Teen’s Visin
C．Grwing Tgether: A Cmmunity Initiative
D．Jamie: A Girl Wh Sws Seeds f Change and Care
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jamie Carter通过园艺项目为社区带来改变的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“While helping t pack bxes f canned gds, Jamie nticed ne pressing issue: there was a lack f fresh vegetables. This realizatin inspired her t address the prblem, eventually leading t a cmmunity-wide gardening initiative.(在帮忙打包罐装食品时，Jamie注意到一个紧迫的问题：缺乏新鲜蔬菜。这一认识激励她去解决这个问题，最终促成了一个全社区的园艺倡议)”可知，收容所需要新鲜蔬菜促使Jamie开始了她的园艺项目。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“T vercme her lack f experience, Jamie cnducted thrugh research and applied fr a grant frm the Natinal Agriculture and Yuth Organizatin t fund her prject. She wrked tirelessly, spending tw t three hurs every day watering her crps during the ht summers f Kansas while balancing her ther cmmitments, like sccer practices.(为了克服她缺乏经验的问题，Jamie进行了彻底的研究，并向国家农业和青年组织申请了一笔资助来资助她的项目。她不知疲倦地工作，在堪萨斯州炎热的夏天，她每天花两到三个小时给庄稼浇水，同时还要兼顾其他事情，比如足球训练)”可知，Jamie通过把学习和实践结合起来解决她缺乏农业经验的问题。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, Jamie was determined t make a difference and reduce the nutritinal gap she had bserved.(然而，Jamie决心做出改变，缩小她所观察到的营养差距)”以及最后一段中“Her belief in cmmunity pwer and the jy f helping thers cntinues t inspire her future effrts.(她对社区力量的信念和帮助他人的快乐继续激励着她未来的努力)”可推知，Jamie是一个有目标且奉献的人。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Jamie Carter’s stry is a shining example f hw ne persn’s determinatin can bring meaningful change t a cmmunity.(Jamie Carter的故事是一个光辉的例子，说明一个人的决心可以给一个社区带来有意义的改变)”可知，文章主要讲述了Jamie Carter通过园艺项目为社区带来改变的故事。由此可知，D选项“Jamie：一个播种改变和关怀的女孩”最符合文章标题。故选D。
B
N! That’s the nly wrd we hear in the latest cute baby vide t g viral. But it’s nt the wrds that baby Orla says that has made this vide s ppular. It’s the fact that her babbling (咿呀声) clearly cpies the unique Scuse accent frm Liverpl.
This nw-famus infant may nly have been brn in 2022, but the different accents f babbling babies have been investigated fr many years. A study frm 2009 fund that French babies tend t cry with a rising intnatin,while German babies’ cries ften have a falling intnatin. Other studies have shwn American and French babies reflecting syllables (音节) frm English and French respectively, and that babies with parents wh speak a tnal language, like Mandarin, had a greater range f tnes in their crying.
S why des this happen? As children develp, they practise making the sunds f the language that they hear arund them. It’s natural that they pick up the sunds and rhythms that surrund them. In fact, babies start t learn language frm their mther frm three mnths befre birth. Hwever, it’s nt just the language f immediate family and caregivers that has an impact. Prfessr f develpmental psychlgy, Carline Flccia, highlights studies suggesting that children are mre likely t acquire the accent f their envirnment than that f a parent wh has an accent that is freign t that lcatin.
Why is this imprtant t knw? Well, what it shws us is that babies are learning language thrugh practice,and that the mre time that parents spend interacting with their children, the greater the pprtunity fr this there is. While babbling babies may nt be able t say many wrds, studies estimate that they can understand many times the number f wrds than thse that they can actually say. Giving babies expsure t a greater number f wrds allws them t better build their vcabulary.
5．Why is baby Orla mentined in paragraph 1?
A．T ffer backgrund infrmatin.B．T intrduce a tpic.
C．T explain a phenmenn.D．T prve the fact.
6．Hw is paragraph 2 develped?
A．By listing data.B．By analyzing causes.
C．By prviding definitins.D．By making cmparisns.
7．Why d babies tend t pick up the sunds and rhythms f their envirnment?
A．Because they are brn with an ability t fllw a freign parent.
B．Because it’s a natural part f their language acquisitin prcess.
C．Because they are frced t d s by their caregivers.
D．Because it helps them develp their musical talent.
8．What des the text suggest t parents?
A．Talking mre t their babies.B．Understanding their babies.
C．Getting rid f their accents.D．Staying with their babies ccasinally.
【答案】5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要围绕婴儿咿呀学语时模仿周围语言口音的现象展开，通过介绍相关研究和发现，解释了婴儿为何会模仿特定口音，以及这种模仿对婴儿语言学习的重要性。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“That’s the nly wrd we hear in the latest cute baby vide t g viral. But it’s nt the wrds that baby Orla says that has made this vide s ppular. It’s the fact that her babbling (咿呀声) clearly cpies the unique Scuse accent frm Liverpl.(这是我们在最新的可爱宝宝视频中听到的唯一一个疯传的词。但并不是婴儿Orla说的话让这个视频如此受欢迎。事实是，她的咿呀学语明显抄袭了利物浦独特的利物浦口音)”可知，本段提到Orla是为了引入“婴儿咿呀学语时模仿周围语言口音”这一话题。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段“This nw-famus infant may nly have been brn in 2022, but the different accents f babbling babies have been investigated fr many years. A study frm 2009 fund that French babies tend t cry with a rising intnatin,while German babies’ cries ften have a falling intnatin. Other studies have shwn American and French babies reflecting syllables (音节) frm English and French respectively, and that babies with parents wh speak a tnal language, like Mandarin, had a greater range f tnes in their crying.(这个现在很出名的婴儿可能是在2022年才出生的，但人们对咿呀学语婴儿的不同口音进行了多年的研究。2009年的一项研究发现，法国婴儿哭的时候往往是升调，而德国婴儿哭的时候往往是降调。其他研究表明，美国和法国的婴儿分别反映英语和法语的音节，而父母说普通话等声调语言的婴儿，哭声中的声调范围更大)”可知，本段通过比较不同国家的婴儿的哭声中的声调来展开的。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“As children develp, they practise making the sunds f the language that they hear arund them. It’s natural that they pick up the sunds and rhythms that surrund them. In fact, babies start t learn language frm their mther frm three mnths befre birth. Hwever, it’s nt just the language f immediate family and caregivers that has an impact. Prfessr f develpmental psychlgy, Carline Flccia, highlights studies suggesting that children are mre likely t acquire the accent f their envirnment than that f a parent wh has an accent that is freign t that lcatin.(随着孩子的成长，他们会练习发出周围听到的语言的声音。他们很自然地接受周围的声音和节奏。事实上，婴儿在出生前三个月就开始向母亲学习语言。然而，不仅仅是直系亲属和照顾者的语言会产生影响。发展心理学教授Carline flcia强调，研究表明，与父母的口音与当地不同相比，孩子更有可能习得当地的口音)”可知，因为这是婴儿习得语言的自然过程，所以他们倾向于接受环境的声音和节奏。故选B项。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Well, what it shws us is that babies are learning language thrugh practice,and that the mre time that parents spend interacting with their children, the greater the pprtunity fr this there is. While babbling babies may nt be able t say many wrds, studies estimate that they can understand many times the number f wrds than thse that they can actually say. Giving babies expsure t a greater number f wrds allws them t better build their vcabulary.(它告诉我们，婴儿是通过练习来学习语言的，父母和孩子互动的时间越多，学习语言的机会就越大。虽然咿呀学语的婴儿可能不会说很多单词，但研究估计，他们能理解的单词数量是他们实际能说的单词数量的许多倍。让婴儿接触更多的单词可以让他们更好地建立词汇量)”可知，作者建议父母多和孩子说话，这样婴儿学习语言的机会就越大。故选A项。
C
ChatGPT and ther generative AI tls have raised cncerns that chatbts will replace many kinds f wrkers. Writers, editrs, and custmer service representatives are amng the jbs that culd be affected.
Supprters reasn that AI might destry sme jbs while creating thers. They als say that the technlgy will prbably make wrkers mre prductive, benefiting themselves, their emplyers and the ecnmy. Sam Altman is the chief f OpenAI, the creatr f ChatGPT. He said that he believes “AI is ging t eliminate a lt f current jbs, and this is ging t change the way that a lt f current jbs functin.” Nick Bunker is an ecnmist at the Indeed Hiring Lab, part f a jb search website. He said that he des nt believe the technlgy is ging t lead t a lt f unemplyment. “We have seen ther big technlgical events in ur histry, and thse didn’t lead t a large rise in unemplyment. Technlgy destrys but als creates. There will be new jbs that cme abut,” he said.
Erik Brynjlfssn f Stanfrd University, Danielle Li and Lindsey Raymnd f MIT studied 5,200 custmer-supprt agents at a large cmpany. The researchers fund that thse wh used the chatbt were 14 percent mre prductive than wrkers wh did nt use the chatbt. The wrkers wh used AI tk mre calls and cmpleted them faster.
Hwever, the fear that AI is a threat t sme kinds f jbs has a basis in reality. Suumit Shah is an Indian business wner wh annunced last year that he had replaced 90 percent f his custmer-supprt wrkers with a chatbt named Lina. Shah’s cmpany, Dukaan, helps custmers set up e-cmmerce sites t sell gds nline. Shah said the average amunt f time it tk t answer a custmer’s questin shrank frm 1 minute and 44 secnds t “instant”. The chatbt als cut the time needed t reslve prblems frm mre than tw hurs t just ver three minutes.
9．What des the underlined wrd “eliminate” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Bring abut.B．Turn ut.C．Fit in with.D．Get rid f.
10．What’s Bunker’s attitude t AI like chatbts?
A．Cnfused.B．Amazed.C．Acceptable.D．Cncerned.
11．What des the study in paragraph 3 tell us?
A．Chatbts make wrkers mre efficient.
B．AI is a big threat t sme kinds f jbs.
C．Chatbts will destry lts f human jbs.
D．AI is much mre prductive than humans.
12．Hw des the authr rganize the text?
A．By giving examples.B．By making cmparisns.
C．By ffering suggestins.D．By listing research results.
【答案】9．D 10．C 11．A 12．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕AI新技术聊天机器人的出现是否会取代人类的很多工作展开。文中通过列举很多人的观点及意见来论证作者的论点。
9．词句猜测题。根据第二段首句“Supprters reasn that AI might destry sme jbs while creating thers. (支持者理由AI可能在创造其他工作的同时摧毁一些工作。)”可知，AI技术可能会毁掉一些工作。再根据划线单词所在句子“AI is ging t eliminate a lt f current jbs, and this is ging t change the way that a lt f current jbs functin. (AI将eliminate许多当前的工作，这将改变许多当前工作功能的方式。)”可知，AI将会摧毁一些工作，即消除很多现在的工作，这样会改变很多现今工作的运行方式。因此，画线单词在此处的意思是“消除；毁灭”。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段中Bunker所说的内容“He said that he des nt believe the technlgy is ging t lead t a lt f unemplyment. “We have seen ther big technlgical events in ur histry, and thse didn’t lead t a large rise in unemplyment. Technlgy destrys but als creates. There will be new jbs that cme abut,” he said. (他说，他不相信这项技术会导致大量失业。“我们在历史上看到过其他重大技术事件，这些事件都没有导致失业率大幅上升。技术破坏，但也创造。会有新的就业机会出现。”)”可知，他说至今新技术的出现都没有导致失业率的大幅增长。新技术虽然会消除一些工作但同时也会创造新的工作。因此可推知，他对新技术AI的态度是认可的、接受的。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的最后两句“The researchers fund that thse wh used the chatbt were 14 percent mre prductive than wrkers wh did nt use the chatbt. The wrkers wh used AI tk mre calls and cmpleted them faster. (研究人员发现，使用聊天机器人的人比不使用聊天机器人的工人高14％。使用AI的工人接了更多电话，并更快地完成了电话。)”可知，研究人员发现那些使用了chatbt的员工的工作效率明显比没有使用chatbt的员工更高。因此，本段主要说明chatbt会使得员工的工作效率更高。故选A。
12．推理判断题。本文围绕AI新技术聊天机器人的出现是否会取代人类的很多工作展开，文章中作者抛出的每个论点后面都给出了现实生活中人们的例子来加以说明。第一段提出ChatGPT等生成式AI工具引发担忧（可能取代某些工作岗位），并列举受影响的职业（如作家、编辑、客服代表）。第二段支持者观点：AI会摧毁部分工作，但也会创造新岗位，并提高生产力（引用Sam Altman和Nick Bunker的言论）。Nick Bunker以历史技术变革为例，说明技术会破坏也会创造就业。第三段概括了斯坦福和MIT的研究团队对5200名客服代理的研究结果：使用AI的工人效率提升14%。第四段以印度企业家Suumit Shah为例，说明AI取代人工客服的实际案例（响应时间大幅缩短）。由此可知，文章是以通过举例子的方式来组织的。故选A项。
D
Years after my art histry class, I am insufferable at museums. “That’s definitely a Matisse,” I say. “Yu can telI because f the brushwrk and the use f clur.” Smetimes it is nt a Matisse but ftentimes it is.
It is unsettling t learn, then, that fr all f my carefully wn art appreciatin, I am in danger f being surpassed by an insect. In a recent study, hneybees — whse brains are the size f grass seeds — were shwn Picasss and Mnets paired side by side. Belw the prints were tw small cntainers, ne cntaining sugar water and the ther nthing at all.
Which t enter? Bees culdn’t see r smell whether a given cntainer held the treat until they’d already flwn inside it. But they culd let the masterpieces guide them: fr sme bees, the reward was always under the Picass, while fr the rest it was under the Mnet. Over the curse f many trials, the bees learned t fly straight fr the crrect cntainer. Indeed, they even perfrmed slightly better than chance when faced with pairs f paintings they’d never seen befre. The bees had learned t discriminate, hwever mdestly, between the tw artists’ styles.
T be sure, humans still have the edge. Last year a team f researchers led by Liane Gabra fund that art students were perfectly capable f identifying which well-knwn artist was behind which unknwn painting. Creative writing students were similarly excellent at sptting little-read passages by Hemingway r Dickens — a skill I can nly assume n hneybee has yet demnstrated.
Even mre impressively, thugh, the students culd recgnize as-yet-unseen samples f each ther’s wrk, including wrk in entirely different mediums. Creative writers culd identify their fellw writers’ paintings and sketches; painters had a pretty gd idea wh’d brught which pem r clay pt.
It’s clear what the bees were ding: picking up and categrizing cmplex visual patterns in the pairs f images. But recgnizing differences acrss mediums is altgether different. Whether we’re writing pems r building sculptures, Gabra argues, we’re ding s with the same mind: ne that structures infrmatin in the same way, has been shaped by the same experiences, and lngs t express the same ideas. Naturally, ur techniques and preccupatins in ne dmain shuld “ut” us in anther.
But still I wnder: Just what abut these techniques and preccupatins did the trick? The researchers did their best t keep subject matter frm ruling the day by instructing, fr instance, artists wh happened t be surfers nt t bring in art that depicted (描绘) surfing. But what f less bvius subject matter — like Western landscapes? And what f the bsessins that cme int ur wrk unawares? A crrelatinal study like this ne will nt answer these questins.
Perhaps my biggest questin has t d with peple wh dn’t identify as artists, and haven’t settled — r at least wuld claim s-n a persnal style. Are their creatins als a reflectin f their wrldview? It seems likely that, at least t sme extent, bad art is all alike, while nly gd art is gd in its wn way.
13．Why des the authr mentin bees?
A．T present an example.B．T put frward a thery.
C．T draw ut a cmparisn.D．T highlight a research finding.
14．Why des the authr think humans still have the edge?
A．Because we can transfer ur experiences.
B．Because we can discriminate styles.
C．Because we can categrize patterns.
D．Because we can learn frm trials.
15．What des the underlined wrd “ut” in Paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A．Assist.B．Trick.C．Beat.D．Expse.
16．What might be the best title fr the passage?
A．Will Bees Beat Humans?
B．Hw Will Yu View a View?
C．Why Gd Art Wrks Wnders?
D．What Makes Hemingway Hemingway?
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．D 16．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了蜜蜂识别画作与人类艺术鉴赏能力的对比及思考。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It is unsettling t learn, then, that fr all f my carefully wn art appreciatin, I am in danger f being surpassed by an insect. In a recent study, hneybees — whse brains are the size f grass seeds — were shwn Picasss and Mnets paired side by side.(然而，令人不安的是，尽管我精心培养了对艺术的鉴赏力，但我却有可能被一种昆虫超越。在最近的一项研究中，蜜蜂——它们的大脑只有草籽大小——被展示了毕加索和莫奈的画作，并排摆放在一起)”可知，作者提到蜜蜂是为了与人类进行艺术鉴赏能力的对比。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Last year a team f researchers led by Liane Gabra fund that art students were perfectly capable f identifying which well-knwn artist was behind which unknwn painting. Creative writing students were similarly excellent at sptting little-read passages by Hemingway r Dickens — a skill I can nly assume n hneybee has yet demnstrated.(去年，由Liane Gabra领导的一个研究小组发现，艺术专业的学生完全有能力分辨出哪幅画背后是哪位知名艺术家。创意写作专业的学生同样擅长发现海明威或狄更斯的小片段——我只能假设蜜蜂还没有表现出这种技能)”以及第五段“Even mre impressively, thugh, the students culd recgnize as-yet-unseen samples f each ther’s wrk, including wrk in entirely different mediums.(然而，更令人印象深刻的是，学生们能够识别出彼此尚未见过的作品样本，包括完全不同媒介的作品)”可知，作者认为人类仍然有优势是因为人类能够转移经验，识别不同艺术家的风格和跨媒介的作品。其中，A选项“因为我们可以转移我们的经验”最全面地概括了这一点。故选A。
15．词句猜测题。根据第六段中“Whether we’re writing pems r building sculptures, Gabra argues, we’re ding s with the same mind: ne that structures infrmatin in the same way, has been shaped by the same experiences, and lngs t express the same ideas. Naturally, ur techniques and preccupatins in ne dmain shuld ‘ut’ us in anther.(Gabra认为，无论我们是写诗还是建造雕塑，我们都是用同样的思维去做的：这种思维方式以同样的方式组织信息，受到同样的经验塑造，渴望表达同样的想法。自然而然地，我们在一个领域的技术和关注点应该会在另一个领域‘ut’我们)”可知，此处ut意为“暴露，揭示”，即我们在一个领域的技术和关注点会揭示我们在另一个领域的身份或特点。D选项“Expse(暴露)”与此意思相符。故选D。
16．主旨大意题。文章通过讲述蜜蜂和人类在艺术方面的能力，重点强调了人类在艺术创作中独特的思维方式、经历等因素会体现在作品中，让作品具有独特的风格，就像海明威的作品具有海明威独特的风格一样。D选项“What Makes Hemingway Hemingway?(是什么让海明威成为海明威？)”，可以引申为是什么让艺术家的作品具有独特风格，符合文章主旨。故选D。
E
Scientists frm Argentina are wrking t understand mre abut micrrganisms (微生物) fund in Antarctica that may be able t help clean up pllutants like plastic and diesel (柴油) fuel, anticipating the study results culd be useful fr wider envirnmental issues.
Scientists have a reasn fr wanting t reduce pllutin in Antarctica. The cntinent is prtected by a rule that says it can be used fr research nly if it is left in gd cnditin. The scientists fund that the micrrganisms can digest the waste created by diesel fuel, which is a cmmn surce f heat and electricity at research bases in Antarctica.
Dr Lucas Rubert is a bichemist wrking n the study. He and ther scientists went t the Carlini research base in December. The team carried ut tasks related t biremediatin — returning smething t it’s natural state. They cleaned sil affected by diesel fuel by using native micrrganisms and plants.
The scientists fund that the prcess, which can be used during Antaretica’s warm seasn, remved up t 80 percent f pllutants in the sil. Rubert said the team used micrrganisms by adding nitrgen (氮), wetness and airflw t imprve sil cnditins. “Basically, with that, we get the micrrganisms t bilgically reduce, with a very lw envirnmental impact, the level f pllutants,” Rubert tld reprters.
The scientists are nw lking int whether the micrrganisms native t Antarctica can eat plastic waste. They are cllecting pieces f plastic frm Antarctic waters and lking t see if the micrrganisms are degrading (分解) the plastic. Nathalie Bernard, a scientist in the team, is an expert in plastic bidegradatin. She said, “If we find that it is indeed degrading plastic, the next step will be t understand hw it des that.” “The lng-term gal,” she added, “is t create a prcess in which micrrganisms can help clean up plastic and fuel pllutin in ther parts f the wrld.”
17．Why d scientists have t reduce pllutin in Antarctica?
A．Mre micrrganisms are fund there.
B．It can help slve many envirnmental prblems.
C．There is t much waste there created by diesel fuel.
D．They shuld fllw the rule in rder t d research there.
18．What d we knw abut the scientists’ research?
A．Their research has n impact n the envirnment.
B．They used freign micrrganisms and plants t clean sil.
C．They culd remve ver half f pllutants in sil in Antarctica’s warm seasn.
D．They have already imprved water cnditin greatly by using micrrganisms.
19．What will the team d first in the future?
A．D mre research in ther parts f the wrld.
B．Master hw micrrganisms break dwn the plastic.
C．Clean up all the plastic and fuel pllutin in the wrld.
D．Find ut whether micrrganisms can degrade the plastic.
20．What is the authr’s purpse f writing the passage?
A．T discuss.B．T infrm.C．T educate.D．T entertain.
【答案】17．D 18．C 19．B 20．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家通过南极洲发现的微生物来保护南极的环境。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists have a reasn fr wanting t reduce pllutin in Antarctica. The cntinent is prtected by a rule that says it can be used fr research nly if it is left in gd cnditin.(科学家想要减少南极洲的污染是有原因的。这片大陆受到一项规则的保护，该规则规定，只有在保持良好状态的情况下，它才能被用于研究)”可知，科学家必须减少南极洲的污染是因为为了在那里做研究，他们应该遵守规则。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据第四段“The scientists fund that the prcess, which can be used during Antaretica’s warm seasn, remved up t 80 percent f pllutants in the sil.(科学家们发现，这一过程可以在南极洲的温暖季节使用，可以去除土壤中多达80%的污染物)”可知，在南极洲温暖的季节，科学家的研究可以去除土壤中一半以上的污染物。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“They are cllecting pieces f plastic frm Antarctic waters and lking t see if the micrrganisms are degrading (分解) the plastic.(他们从南极水域收集塑料碎片，观察微生物是否在降解塑料)”可知，未来团队首先要做的是掌握微生物如何分解塑料。故选B。
20．推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists frm Argentina are wrking t understand mre abut micrrganisms (微生物) fund in Antarctica that may be able t help clean up pllutants like plastic and diesel (柴油) fuel, anticipating the study results culd be useful fr wider envirnmental issues.(来自阿根廷的科学家们正在努力更多地了解在南极洲发现的微生物，这些微生物可能有助于清理塑料和柴油燃料等污染物，他们预计研究结果可能对更广泛的环境问题有所帮助)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告知读者南极环保的新方法。故选B。
概率预测
☆☆☆☆☆
题型预测
阅读理解——主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测
考向预测
主旨大意+推理判断+细节理解+词义猜测
☆☆☆☆☆
关键词法
反复出现的词语，多次重复的观点就是体现主旨的关键词
主题句法
根据文章主题句，确定中心词充当标题
串联法
分析文章细节，确定共同点，如同穿珠般，串联细节共同点，确定标题
逆向法
根据四个选项，考虑其可能内容，对照原文，最相似者为最佳选项
转折词
如but，hwever，in fact，actually等时，其后的内容往往是作者真正想要表达的观点。
总结词
如therefre，thus，in shrt，cnclude 等，其后的内容往往是文章的主题。
疑问句
若首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答可能是文章的主题。
同义替换
对原文句子中的关键词进行替换，最终成为正确选项
正话反说
把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
语言简化
把原文中复杂的语言现象进行简化，设置为答案。
信息归纳
具有概括性，用精练的语言概括原文中分散的或复杂的信息，考查考生的概括和归纳能力
改变词性或语态
改变原文重点词性或语态，给考生制造了某些障碍。
特殊句式
使用特殊句式如虚拟语气、倒装句、双重否定等增加句子理解难度。