高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement优秀同步练习题

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Passage 1…………………………………………………………1
基础篇
Passage 2…………………………………………………………2
Passage 3…………………………………………………………3
Passage 4…………………………………………………………3
提高篇
Passage 5…………………………………………………………4
Passage 6…………………………………………………………5
Passage 7…………………………………………………………5
Passage 8…………………………………………………………6
精读篇
Passage 1
In 1967, the Chinese gvernment frmed a team f scientists with the bjective f1 ________ (discver) a new treatment fr malaria. Tu Yuyu was amng the first researchers chsen. She 2 ________ (cmmit) herself t this prject and refused t 3 ________ (acknwledge) defeat even after mre than 190 failed experiments. Her team 4 ________ (evaluate) ver 280,000 plants befre finally 5 ________ (btain) a substance that wrked.
6 ________ (draw) the extract frm sweet wrmwd, she used a lw-temperature methd instead f biling. This preserved the active ingredient—artemisinin. Later, the medicine was tested n malaria patients, mst f 7 ________ recvered. In 2015, Tu Yuyu 8 ________ (award) the Nbel Prize. Upn 9 ________ (hear) the news, she said, “The hnur is nt just mine.” Her success prved the value f traditinal Chinese medicine and mdern science 10 ________ (wrk) tgether.
重点语言项目：
• bjective f ding sth. 以做某事为目标
• cmmit neself t ding sth. 致力于某事
• refuse t d sth. 拒绝做某事
• befre + ding sth. 介词befre后接动名词
• t d sth. 表目的（不定式作目的状语）
• nn-restrictive relative clause with whm 介词+whm引导的非限制性定语从句
• passive vice: was/were + past participle 一般过去时被动语态
• upn/n ding sth. 一……就……
• and cnnecting parallel gerunds and连接并列动名词
基础篇
Passage 2
Yuan Lngping is knwn 1 ________ the father f hybrid rice. He 2 ________ (spend) his entire life imprving rice crps. In the 1970s, he develped a new strain 3 ________ prduced much higher yields than cmmn rice. This great achievement helped feed millins 4 ________ peple in China and many ther cuntries arund the wrld.
He 5 ________ (believe) that everyne in the wrld shuld have enugh fd t eat. Even 6 ________ his eighties, he cntinued 7 ________ (wrk) in the rice fields, trying t imprve the rice strain further. His lifelng dream was 8 ________ (grw) rice in deserts and ceans s that mre peple culd benefit frm his research.
Hybrid rice has allwed China t prduce abut 200 millin tns f rice per year. Yuan Lngping’s cntributin 9 ________ wrld agriculture is truly 10 ________ (remark).
重点语言项目：
• be knwn as 被称为……
• spend time ding sth. 花费时间做某事
• 限制性定语从句（that/which引导）
• millins f 数百万的
• in ne’s eighties 在某人八十多岁时
• cntinue ding/t d sth. 继续做某事
• 不定式作表语（t d）
• cntributin t sth. 对某事的贡献
• 词性转换（remark → remarkable）
Passage 3
Alexander Fleming, a great British scientist, discvered penicillin 1 ________ 1928. One day, he 2 ________ (ntice) that a kind f mld had killed the bacteria in a petri dish in his lab. He immediately realized that this mld culd 3 ________ used as an antibitic t treat bacterial infectins.
Penicillin saved cuntless lives 4 ________ Wrld War II, helping sldiers recver frm wunds. Fleming nce warned that the misuse f penicillin culd lead 5 ________ bacteria becming resistant t it. Tday, as he predicted, sme bacteria are n lnger affected 6 ________ antibitics.
Scientists cntinue 7 ________ (search) fr new drugs t fight against these bacteria. Fleming’s discvery is 8 ________ great imprtance t medical science. It has changed the way we treat diseases and 9 ________ (save) millins f lives arund the wrld. He is truly a 10 ________ (her) in the field f medicine.
重点语言项目：
• 介词in+年份
• 一般过去时（ntice → nticed）
• 情态动词被动语态（culd be dne）
• 介词during（在……期间）
• lead t sth. 导致某事
• be affected by 被……影响
• cntinue ding/t d sth. 继续做某事
• be f great imprtance 非常重要
• 并列谓语时态一致
Passage 4
Eln Musk is a mdern inventr 1 ________ has made great achievements in technlgy. He 2 ________ (fund) several famus cmpanies like Tesla and SpaceX. He dreams 3 ________ sending humans t Mars and making life multi-planetary.
He believes that technlgy can slve many big prblems 4 ________ the wrld. He wrks very lng hurs every day and pushes his teams 5 ________ (innvate) cnstantly. Sme peple say he is t demanding, 6 ________ he argues that great achievements require great effrt.
Musk is nt afraid 7 ________ (take) risks. He has tried many times and failed, but he never gives 8 ________. His perseverance has helped him achieve great success. He is regarded 9 ________ ne f the mst influential inventrs f the 21st century. His stry tells us that 10 ________ (persevere) is the key t success.
重点语言项目：
• 限制性定语从句（wh/that引导）
• 一般过去时（fund → funded）
• dream f ding sth. 梦想做某事
• in the wrld 在世界上
• push sb. t d sth. 推动某人做某事
• 转折连词but
• be afraid t d sth. 害怕做某事
• give up 放弃
• be regarded as 被认为是……
• 词性转换（persevere → perseverance）
提高篇
Passage 5
Isaac Newtn was brn 1 ________ 1643 in England. He studied at Cambridge University 2 ________ he was yung. During a plague utbreak, he returned hme and spent tw years develping key scientific 3 ________ (idea).
He 4 ________ (frmulate) the laws f mtin and gravity, which are very imprtant 5 ________ physics. He als made great advances in ptics and calculus. Newtn was a quiet and 6 ________ (fcus) persn.
He nce frgt t eat because he was s absrbed 7 ________ his wrk. His famus bk Principia Mathematica 8 ________ (lay) the fundatin fr classical physics. Newtn’s discveries have influenced science 9 ________ many years. He is still remembered as ne f the 10 ________ (great) scientists in histry.
重点语言项目：
• 介词in+年份
• 时间状语从句（when引导）
• 名词复数（idea → ideas）
• 一般过去时（frmulate → frmulated；lay → laid）
• be imprtant in sth. 在某事中很重要
• 词性转换（fcus → fcused）
• be absrbed in sth. 专注于某事
• fr+时间段（现在完成时时间状语）
• 形容词最高级（great → greatest）
Passage 6
Rsalind Franklin was a brilliant scientist wh played a key rle 1 ________ discvering the structure f DNA. 2 ________ (use) X-ray crystallgraphy, she tk a clear image f DNA’s duble helix. Her careful research prvided imprtant data 3 ________ helped James Watsn and Francis Crick build their DNA mdel.
Unfrtunately, she did nt receive full credit 4 ________ her wrk during her lifetime. She died in 1958, fur years 5 ________ they wn the Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine.
Rsalind Franklin’s wrk was 6 ________ (deep) valuable t the field f mlecular bilgy. Her dedicatin t science inspired many yung 7 ________ (wman) t pursue careers in science. Tday, peple arund the wrld recgnize her 8 ________ a pineer in DNA research.
She nce said, “Science and everyday life cannt and shuld nt be 9 ________ (separate).” Her wrds remind us that science is clsely cnnected t ur lives. She is a great example f hw hard wrk and dedicatin can lead 10 ________ great achievements.
重点语言项目：
• play a key rle in ding sth. 在做某事中起关键作用
• 现在分词作状语（Using）
• 限制性定语从句（that/which引导）
• receive credit fr sth. 因某事获得认可
• 时间连词befre
• 副词修饰形容词（deep → deeply）
• 名词复数（wman → wmen）
• recgnize sb. as 认可某人为……
• 被动语态（be + separated）
• lead t sth. 导致/带来某事
Passage 7
Sally Ride became the first American wman 1 ________ (g) int space in 1983. She 2 ________ (train) as a physicist and astrnaut fr many years befre her space jurney. Her brave jurney inspired many girls 3 ________ (pursue) careers in science, technlgy, engineering and math (STEM).
She was brn in 1951 in Califrnia, USA. She shwed great interest 4 ________ science when she was a child. She studied physics at Stanfrd University and 5 ________ (get) a dctrate degree in physics.
After leaving NASA, she taught physics at a university and wrte science bks fr children. She believed that space explratin 6 ________ (benefit) humanity and that everyne shuld have the chance t learn abut science.
Sally Ride was nt nly an astrnaut but als a 7 ________ (science) and educatr. She wrked hard t make science 8 ________ (access) t all children. She nce said, “The stars are nt t far 9 ________ reach.” Her spirit f explratin will always inspire peple 10 ________ (fllw) their dreams.
重点语言项目：
• 不定式作后置定语（the d）
• 一般过去时（train → trained；get → gt）
• inspire sb. t d sth. 激励某人做某事
• shw interest in sth. 对某事感兴趣
• 宾语从句时态（客观事实用一般现在时）
• 词性转换（science → scientist；access → accessible）
• make sth. + 形容词 使某物……
• 太……而不能……
Passage 8
Lin Qiazhi was a pineering Chinese dctr wh devted her life 1 ________ medical wrk. She 2 ________ (graduate) frm Peking Unin Medical Cllege in 1929 with excellent grades. She chse t remain single 3 ________ (fcus) n her career as a gyneclgist and bstetrician.
During her career, she delivered ver 50,000 babies and trained many yung 4 ________ (dctr). She pened clinics fr pr wmen and children, believing that healthcare shuld be 5 ________ (access) t all peple, regardless f their wealth.
She wrked day and night and never cmplained 6 ________ her heavy wrklad. She was always kind t her patients and treated them 7 ________ care and respect. Lin Qiazhi als wrte many medical bks and papers, 8 ________ helped spread medical knwledge.
She passed away in 1983, but her spirit f dedicatin still lives 9 ________. She is remembered as a great dctr wh cared deeply 10 ________ her patients and made great cntributins t Chinese medical care.
重点语言项目：
• devte ne’s life t sth. 将一生奉献给某事
• 一般过去时（graduate → graduated）
• 不定式作目的状语（t fcus）
• 名词复数（dctr → dctrs）
• be accessible t 对……可获得的
• cmplain abut sth. 抱怨某事
• treat sb. with sth. 用某物对待某人
• 非限制性定语从句（which引导）
• live n 继续存在、流传
• care abut 关心、在乎