专题05 阅读理解之议论文15篇（北京专用）（中考真题+中考模拟）-2026年北京中考英语总复习(语法+题型) 练习+答案

这是一份专题05 阅读理解之议论文15篇（北京专用）（中考真题+中考模拟）-2026年北京中考英语总复习(语法+题型) 练习+答案，共18页。
中考真题练习
Peple are talking a lt abut artificial intelligence (AI), viewing it as a frce that culd reshape hw sciety wrks. But there is smething imprtant missing frm this discussin. It isn’t enugh t ask hw it will change us. We als need t understand hw we shape AI and what it can tell us abut urselves.
Every AI mdel we develp mirrrs ur rules and expresses ur beliefs. A few years ag, while lking fr new wrkers, a famus cmpany gave up an AI-pwered tl after finding it unfavrable t wmen. The AI was nt designed t behave this way, instead, it was influenced by the histrical data (数据) favring men. Similarly, a recent study fund that lending algrithms (算法) ften ffer less favrable terms t clred peple, wrsening lng-standing unfairness in mney-lending business. In bth cases, AI isn’t creating new biases (偏见), it is mirrring the nes that are already present.
These reflectins (反映) give us an imprtant chance t take a clse lk at urselves. By making these prblems seen and mre pressing, AI challenges us t recgnize and address what causes algrithmic bias. As AI cntinues t develp, we must ask urselves hw we as average peple want t shape its rle in sciety. We shuld nt nly imprve AI mdels, but als make sure that AI is develped and used respnsibly.
A number f cmpanies are already taking actin. They are judging the data, rules, and beliefs that shape the behavir f AI mdels. Still, we cannt expect the cmpanies t d all the wrk. As lng as AI is trained n human data, it will reflect human behavir. That means we have t think carefully abut the ftprints f urselves we leave in the wrld. I may value privacy, but if I give it up in a heartbeat t visit a website, the algrithms may make a very different judgment f what I really want and what is gd fr me. If I want meaningful human cnnectins yet spend mre time n scial media and less time in the physical cmpany f my friends, I am indirectly training AI mdels abut the true nature f humanity.
As AI becmes mre pwerful, we need t take increasing care t read ur principles (原则) int the recrd f ur actins rather than allwing the tw t diverge. Recgnizing this allws us t make better decisins, but nly when we are prepared t lk clsely and take respnsibility fr what we see.
1．Why des the writer intrduce the tw examples in Paragraph 2?
A．T suggest a slutin.B．T stress a difference.
C．T challenge a practice.D．T supprt a viewpint.
2．What des the wrd “diverge” in the last paragraph mst prbably mean?
A．Imprve.B．Appear.C．Separate.D．Repeat.
3．Accrding t the passage, what is a gd example f shaping AI respnsibility?
A．Guarding ne’s privacy against AI mdels.B．Being mindful f ur feeds int AI mdels.
C．Training algrithms t favr the latest data.D．Designing algrithms t deal with unfairness.
4．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr this passage?
A．AI Isn’t the Prblem; We AreB．AI: A Tl t Reshape Our Sciety
C．Mre Open algrithms fr Better AI?D．Building Trust in Human-AI Relatinships
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了人工智能如何反映人类社会中的偏见和不公平现象，并强调人类在塑造AI时需要承担的责任。文章通过具体案例说明AI并非独立产生偏见，而是反映了人类社会已有的问题，并呼吁人们通过自身行为来影响AI的发展方向。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段“In bth cases, AI isn’t creating new biases (偏见), it is mirrring the nes that are already present.”可知，作者认为AI并没有创造新的偏见，而是反映了已经存在的偏见。第二段中提到的招聘时由AI驱动的工具对女性更不利，贷款算法对有色人种更为不利，这两个例子印证了作者的观点，是为了支持“AI反映人类社会偏见”这一观点。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“we need t take increasing care t read ur principles (原则) int the recrd f ur actins rather than allwing the tw t diverge.”可知，在人工智能发展的过程中，我们需要将我们的原则融入到我们的行动记录中，而不是让两者背道而驰。划线部分diverge意为“分歧，背离”，与Separate表达的意思相近。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“As lng as AI is trained n human data, it will reflect human behavir. That means we have t think carefully abut the ftprints f urselves we leave in the wrld.”可知，只要AI是基于人类数据训练的，它就会反映人类行为。这意味着我们必须认真思考我们在世界上留下的足迹。作者认为人类应谨慎对待自身行为对AI的影响，即“注意我们对AI模型的输入”。故选B。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章核心观点是AI并非问题的根源，而是人类社会偏见的反映，因此人类需要为AI的发展负责。选项A“AI Isn’t the Prblem; We Are”最贴合主旨。故选A。
中考模拟真题练习
On scial media, have yu seen bk fans share pictures f cl bks and nice reading spaces? In real life, have yu seen peple reading at cffee shps r n public transprt?
Befre yu start t wnder whether they are really reading the bks, there is already a term fr this: “perfrmative reading”. Peple have jked that these individuals (个人) are making bks “a symbl f htness” r smething t be wrn with “a gd utfit”, said The Week.
This attitude ges back t 2021, when a hashtag (标签) cmmunity n TikTk called “BkTk” grew int a place where ppular bks became trendy (潮流的) items. Algrithms (算法) n scial media push the trend further, as they mstly reward what lks gd, like eye-catching cvers and cffee cups in a city cafe, nted NBC News.
“Perfrmative reading” als made sme peple wh really lve reading feel uncmfrtable. Alaina Dempuls, a daily features writer fr the Guardian, shared her stry that when she tried t read alne in a crwd t enjy a lvely evening, tw yung girls laughed at her, making her feel stressed. On scial media, readers spke ut that “there’s n such thing as ‘perfrmative reading’.”
Sme yung peple even argue that the s-called “perfrmance” desn’t take away frm the real jy f reading. Selwa Khan, a university graduate wh enjys sharing her reads n scial media, feels it’s cmmn t “aestheticize ur hbbies”. “I think scial media makes everybdy perfrm, whether they accept it r nt,” she tld NBC News. “I’ve seen fr years psts n... all these platfrms f titles that are ‘perfrmative’, which always happen t be titles that I really enjy,” Khan added.
Tday, as many f us rely heavily n shrt vides, making it hard t read even a whle bk, des it really matter if smene “appears” t be reading? Jafei Pllitt, a regular reader wh jkingly respnded t this idea nline, said that even pretending (假装) t read can encurage smene t start reading. It’s a little bit f “fake (假装) it until yu make it.” Yu can start ff wanting t read fr the aesthetics, but eventually yu might invlve yurself in the bk… she tld NBC News.
1．Accrding t the text, what is“perfrmative reading” mainly abut?
A．Reading bks alud as a perfrmance.
B．Reading bks carefully in public places.
C．Sharing reading ntes n scial media platfrms.
D．Treating reading as fashin r a way t be nticed.
2．The wrd “aestheticize” in paragraph 5 is clse in meaning t ________.
A．make smething easier t understand.
B．make smething mre ppular nline.
C．make smething lk beautiful r pleasing.
D．make smething mre expensive and uncmmn.
3．What pssible benefit des“perfrmative reading” have, accrding t Jafei Pllitt?
A．It makes reading lk cl nline.
B．It greatly imprves reading speed.
C．It helps peple chse better bks.
D．It may turn fake reading int a real lve f reading.
4．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing the passage?
A．T shw why cafes are perfect fr reading.
B．T advise peple t avid perfrmative reading.
C．T explre pinins n the“perfrmative reading” tpic.
D．T cmpare different scial-media platfrms fr readers.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要讨论了“表演性阅读”这一现象，包括其定义、来源、不同人群对此的看法以及其可能带来的好处。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Peple have jked that these individuals (个人) are making bks ‘a symbl f htness’ r smething t be wrn with ‘a gd utfit’, said The Week.”可知，“表演性阅读”主要是将阅读视为一种时尚或引人注目的方式。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“Sme yung peple even argue that the s-called ‘perfrmance’ desn’t take away frm the real jy f reading.”以及“‘I think scial media makes everybdy perfrm, whether they accept it r nt,’ she tld NBC News.”可知，一些年轻人认为社交媒体让每个人都进行“表演”，即让爱好看起来更美观或更吸引人，因此“aestheticize”的意思是“使某物看起来美丽或令人愉悦”。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Jafei Pllitt, a regular reader wh jkingly respnded t this idea nline, said that even pretending (假装) t read can encurage smene t start reading. It’s a little bit f ‘fake (假装) it until yu make it.’ Yu can start ff wanting t read fr the aesthetics, but eventually yu might invlve yurself in the bk…”可知，根据Jafei Pllitt的观点，“表演性阅读”可能将假阅读变成对阅读的真正热爱。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了“表演性阅读”的定义、来源、不同人群对此的看法以及其可能带来的好处，因此作者的主要目的是探讨关于“表演性阅读”这一话题的不同观点。故选C。

Have yu ever been t a big city that uses plenty f electric cars instead f traditinal gas-pwered cars? The difference is quite bvius. Fr example, yu can chat n the sidewalk withut raising yur vice ver traffic nise r feeling uncmfrtable frm car smke.
We are starting t use less fssil fuels (化石燃料). The mre a sciety stps using internal cmbustin engines (内燃机), the better it imprves lcals’ lives by reducing air and nise pllutin. Burning less fssil fuel means less carbn is released int the air, which helps slw dwn human-caused climate change.
Nw, the big questin is: what kind f vehicle will becme the car f the future? There are tw main types f clean cars cmpeting t be the best: electric vehicles (EVs) and hydrgen fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs). Electric vehicles run n rechargeable (可再充电的) lithium-in batteries. Hydrgen fuel-cell vehicles depend n the hydrgen stred in a tank (储氢罐) and transfrm it int electricity. Bth types f cars run quietly and prduce almst n harmful waste gases. Which ne is better? That’s still being debated.
EVs are cheaper and mre cnvenient due t their supprtive infrastructure (基础设施). FCVs can travel farther, and their hydrgen tanks can be refilled much faster than EV batteries can be recharged. Hwever, bth have big challenges. Making EV batteries requires a lt f energy, ften frm fssil fuels, and recycling ld batteries is still difficult. Fr hydrgen cars, prducing and string hydrgen is expensive and cnsumes a lt f energy.
Car cmpanies have different views abut which technlgy is better. Spkespeple fr Tyta, Hyundai, and BMW have claimed that hydrgen has superir lng-term ptential in many areas and culd even replace bth traditinal cars and EVs. Hwever, the CEOs f Tesla and Vlkswagen have publicly criticized the idea f using hydrgen in cars. Tesla’s Eln Musk has gne s far as t call fuel cells “fl cells.”
S, will either ne really wrk? It’s still hard t tell which type f car will rule the rads in the future. But mst peple hpe at least ne will becme the new standard. Many f us will be glad t see the nise and air pllutin frm traditinal cars becme a thing f the past.
1．Why des the writer mentin the example in Para. 1?
A．T suggest a slutin fr using gas-pwered cars.
B．T list the advantages f living in big mdern cities.
C．T stress the difference electric cars make in ur daily life.
D．T supprt the viewpint that cities are becming quieter.
2．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．The debate abut the better clean car will last fr a lng time.
B．Traditinal gas-pwered cars will disappear in the near future.
C．Peple have already fund the best way t recycle EV batteries.
D．FCVs are better than EVs because they can travel a lnger distance.
3．The underlined wrd “cnsumes” in Paragraph 4 prbably means “________”.
A．saves upB．uses upC．turns intD．gives ff
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A．The End f Traditinal Gas-pwered Cars
B．EVs vs FCVs: Which Will Be the Future Car?
C．Hw Clean Cars Help Slw Dwn Climate Change
D．The Challenges f Prducing New Energy Cars
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了电动汽车和氢燃料电池汽车这两种清洁能源汽车各自的优劣势和面临的挑战，分析了哪种可能成为未来的主流车型。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Have yu ever been t a big city that uses plenty f electric cars instead f traditinal gas-pwered cars? The difference is quite bvius.”以及随后的具体例子可知，作者提到这个例子是为了强调电动汽车给我们的日常生活带来的显著不同。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Which ne is better? That’s still being debated.”和第四段对两者各自挑战的描述，以及最后一段“It’s still hard t tell which type f car will rule the rads in the future.”可以推断出，关于哪种清洁汽车更好的争论将持续很长时间。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据“Fr hydrgen cars, prducing and string hydrgen is expensive and cnsumes a lt f energy.”可知，对于氢燃料汽车，生产和储存氢气很昂贵，并且“消耗”大量能源。“cnsumes”在这里表示“用尽、消耗”的意思，与use up意思接近。故选B。
4．最佳标题题。全文围绕电动汽车 (EVs) 和氢燃料电池汽车 (FCVs) 这两种未来清洁汽车的竞争展开，详细比较了它们的原理、优缺点、挑战以及行业的不同观点，因此最佳标题应为“电动汽车vs氢燃料汽车：谁将成为未来的汽车？”。故选B。
A ppular saying ges, “Sticks and stnes may break my bnes, but wrds will never hurt me.” Hwever, that’s nt really true. Wrds carry a weight far beynd physical effect—they have the pwer t build us up int cnfidence, r tear us dwn int self-dubting shadws. Whether these wrds cme frm a stranger’s casual cmment , a lved ne’s thughtless remark , r ur wn self- talk , their effects are just as lasting.
We all talk t urselves smetimes, thugh many f us hide this habit ut f embarrassment. In reality, this internal dialgue is a natural and even healthy part f human cgnitin—experts increasingly recgnize that vcal self- talk imprves fcus, memry, and prblem-slving. Be aware, thugh, that as much as 77% f self-talk tends t be negative. We scld urselves fr small mistakes, r dismiss (忽视) ur achievements. This negative self-talk gradually destrys self-respect slwly but surely. S in rder t stay psitive, we must cnsciusly practice psitive self-affirmatin. Celebrate the small wins—finishing a wrk task, acing a quiz, r even just getting ut f bed n a hard day—with a sincere “Gd jb’”
Equally imprtant is the effect f the wrds we speak t thers. T ften, we let wrds slip ut withut cnsidering their weight: a critical cmment that destrys, r a thughtless remark that dismisses smene’s feelings. Yet language is a tl f cnnectin r divisin. A warm “Thank yu fr yur help” can brighten a stranger’s day and strengthen a relatinship. Cnversely, harsh (刻薄的) wrds leave scars that may never fully heal. Fr example, when returning an item t a stre, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will prbably answer in a similar manner. Our wrds are catching— kindness brings ut kindness, while negativity fuels cnflict.
The lasting pwer f wrds is why we ften regret things we’ve said in anger r hurry, and why unkind wrds spken t us in childhd can still keep cming t ur mind as adults. Befre speaking, we shuld pause and ask three simple questins: Is it true? Is it kind? Is it necessary? If the answer t any f these is “n”, the wrds are better left unsaid.
Wrds have enrmus pwer: bth psitive and negative. Thse arund us receive encuragement when we speak psitively. We can ffer hpe, build self-respect and mtivate thers t d their best. Negative wrds destry all thse things. Will we use ur wrds t hurt r t heal? The chice is urs.
1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly talking abut?
A．Wrds have a lasting effect n us.B．Psitive wrds can give us cnfidence.
C．A ppular saying abut wrds is nt true.D．Wrds’ effects are mre lasting than physical nes.
2．What is the wrd “self-affirmatin” in Paragraph 2 clsest in meaning t?
A．The act f explring ne’s wn talent.B．The act f imprving ne’s wn habits.
C．The act f recgnizing ne’s wn wrth.D．The act f learning ne’s wn weaknesses.
3．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T cmpare self- talk and wrds t thers.
B．T explain why negative wrds are cmmn.
C．T encurage readers t use wrds in a psitive way.
D．T describe hw self-talk affects peple’s cnfidence.
4．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title f the passage?
A．The Pwer f WrdsB．The Reach f Wrds
C．The Spread f WrdsD．The Warmth f Wrds
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A
【导语】
本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了语言的力量，包括语言对自身和他人的影响，强调了积极语言的重要性，并提醒人们在使用语言时要谨慎思考。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wrds carry a weight far beynd physical effect—they have the pwer t build us up int cnfidence, r tear us dwn int self-dubting shadws. Whether these wrds cme frm a stranger’s casual cmment, a lved ne’s thughtless remark, r ur wn self-talk, their effects are just as lasting.”可知，第一段主要论述了语言对我们有持久的影响。故选A。
2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“This negative self-talk gradually destrys self-respect slwly but surely. S in rder t stay psitive, we must cnsciusly practice psitive self-affirmatin. Celebrate the small wins—finishing a wrk task, acing a quiz, r even just getting ut f bed n a hard day—with a sincere ‘Gd jb’”可知，消极的自我对话会逐渐破坏自尊，为了保持积极，我们必须有意识地练习积极的自我肯定，庆祝小胜利，用真诚的“干得好”来肯定自己，所以“self-affirmatin”与“认可自己的价值”意思相近。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wrds have enrmus pwer: bth psitive and negative. Thse arund us receive encuragement when we speak psitively. We can ffer hpe, build self-respect and mtivate thers t d their best. Negative wrds destry all thse things. Will we use ur wrds t hurt r t heal? The chice is urs.”可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是鼓励读者以积极的方式使用语言。故选C。
4．最佳标题题。根据最后一段“Wrds have enrmus pwer: bth psitive and negative.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要论述了语言的力量，包括语言对自身和他人的影响，强调了积极语言的重要性，并提醒人们在使用语言时要谨慎思考，所以最佳标题为“语言的力量”。故选A。
The Rise f EdTech: A New Way t Learn
The way we learn is changing rapidly. In recent years, Educatinal Technlgy, r “EdTech” fr shrt, has becme a pwerful frce in classrms and hmes arund the wrld. Frm interactive apps t nline curses, technlgy prmises t make learning mre engaging and persnalized. But is this shift entirely psitive? Many educatrs and students are beginning t ask imprtant questins abut the rle f technlgy in educatin.
EdTech ffers many exciting benefits. Fr example, language learning apps can ffer instant feedback n prnunciatin, and nline platfrms can prvide thusands f curses n everything frm cding t art histry. This allws students t learn at their wn pace and explre their unique interests. It can als make quality educatin mre accessible t peple in remte areas.
Hwever, sme challenges cme with these new tls. Critics (批评者) wrry that t much screen time can reduce students’ attentin spans and make it harder fr them t fcus n traditinal learning. There is als a cncern that the cnstant use f algrithms(算法) t persnalize bks might create “filter bubbles,” where students nly see infrmatin that matches their current level and interests, limiting their expsure t new and challenging ideas. Mrever, nt every student has equal access t the latest devices and a fast Internet cnnectin, which culd widen the gap between the rich and the pr.
The key, many experts argue, is balance. Technlgy shuld be a tl t supprt learning, nt replace fundamental skills like critical thinking and deep reading. Just as a calculatr(计算器) helps with math but desn’t teach us hw t think lgically, EdTech shuld assist, nt cntrl, the learning prcess. The mst successful classrms f the future will likely be thse that mix the best f traditinal teaching with the mst effective new technlgies, ensuring that students develp bth digital literacy and essential human skills.
1．What is ne main advantage f EdTech mentined in the passage?
A．It makes teachers less necessary.
B．It cmpletely replaces traditinal textbks.
C．It allws students t learn at their wn pace.
D．It ensures all students get the same infrmatin.
2．What is the “filter bubble” effect in persnalized learning?
A．It prtects students frm harmful nline cntent.
B．It makes learning apps run faster n ld devices.
C．It helps teachers track students’ prgress mre easily.
D．It limits the infrmatin and challenges students cme acrss.
3．What des the underlined wrd “balance” in the last paragraph mst prbably mean?
A．Finding a healthy mix f different elements.
B．Sticking strictly t traditinal methds.
C．Fcusing nly n new technlgy.
D．Letting students chse their preferred way f learning.
4．What is the authr’s main purpse in writing this article?
A．T encurage a wise way f using EdTech.
B．T encurage schls t buy the latest EdTech prducts.
C．T explain why traditinal learning methds are utdated.
D．T warn against the dangers f using technlgy in educatin.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了教育科技（EdTech）在教学中的兴起，分析了它带来的好处和面临的挑战，并指出未来教育的关键在于平衡技术与传统教学，让技术作为辅助工具来支持学习。
1．细节理解题。根据文章“This allws students t learn at their wn pace and explre their unique interests.”可知，教育科技的一个主要优势是允许学生按照自己的节奏学习。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章“there is als a cncern that the cnstant use f algrithms t persnalize bks might create “filter bubbles”, where students nly see infrmatin that matches their current level and interests, limiting their expsure t new and challenging ideas.”可知，“filter bubbles”效应会限制学生接触新的、有挑战性的信息。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据文章“Technlgy shuld be a tl t supprt learning, nt replace fundamental skills” 可以看出，作者认为技术是“辅助工具”，而非“替代者”，最后一句 “mix the best f traditinal teaching with the mst effective new technlgies”直接点明了balance的内涵：将传统教学的优势与最有效的新技术相结合，找到两者之间的健康平衡点。因此，balance在这里指在不同元素（传统教学与新技术）之间找到健康的混合与平衡。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。文章既分析了教育科技的优势，也指出了挑战，最后提出关键在于“平衡”，即让技术作为辅助工具，与传统教学结合。这表明作者的主要目的是鼓励以明智的方式使用教育科技。故选A。
As AI becmes mre ppular in educatin, sme argue that AI expands (扩大) creative ptential (潜力), while thers fear it prevents riginality (独创性). One f the biggest cncerns abut AI in educatin is that it can discurage deep thinking. Since AI generates (产生) cntent based n existing (现存的) data, students wh ver-rely n (依赖) it may prduce wrk that has n riginality. Over time, relying t heavily n AI culd weaken critical thinking skills and may even make students lse cnfidence in their wn creative abilities.
On the ther hand, AI can be a pwerful tl fr expanding creative ptential. One f AI’s greatest strengths is its ability t generate new ideas. When students face creative blcks, AI can prvide prmpts (提示) r suggest new ideas that they might nt have cnsidered.
One study examined 225 university students wh were assigned a creative writing task. Half used AI fr assistance (帮助), while the ther half wrked withut AI. One f the key findings was that students wh used AI prduced mre creative utputs cmpared t thse wh didn’t. AI helped students explre new ideas, refine their writing, and experiment with new structures r cncepts. They als fund that it reduced the difficulty and effrt required fr creative tasks. Having AI assist them made the prcess smther and easier.
Hwever, while AI imprved the quality f creative wrk, it als diminished the value and enjyment f the creative prcess itself. Many students reprted feeling less engaged (专注的) r emtinally cnnected t their wrk when AI was heavily invlved (参与的). Mrever, sme students felt uneasy abut relying n AI fr creative tasks, questining whether AI-generated assistance was a frm f “cheating” r if it was weakening their persnal effrt.
Fr AI t be a part f educatin, it shuld be a thinking partner, nt just a tl fr quick slutins. Teachers can encurage students t engage in a back-and-frth dialgue with AI, fr example, by refining ideas and challenging respnses, rather than simply cpying AI-generated cntent. Fcus n the creative prcess, nt the final prduct. Creativity isn’t just abut the end result-it’s abut the persnal jurney f explratin, struggle, and discvery. Teachers culd require students t take dwn their brainstrming prcess, shwing hw they used AI and hw it influenced their wrk. Students need t understand hw AI wrks, its biases, and its limitatins and ensure they engage with AI in a respnsible and meaningful way.
AI has the ptential t bth hinder (阻碍) and raise creativity, depending n hw it is used. The key is respnsible and intentinal use. AI shuld supprt students, nt replace their creative effrts. By teaching students hw t use AI as a tl, we can ensure that AI empwers the next generatin f creative thinkers instead f limiting their ptential.
1．What is the study mainly abut?
A．Reasns fr students t use AI.B．AI’s wrking prcess fr helping creativity.
C．AI’s influence n students’ creativity.D．Difficulties students face when using AI.
2．What des the wrd “diminished” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Lwered.B．Raised.C．Cleared.D．Deepened.
3．What will the writer prbably agree with?
A．AI can’t help students t be mre creative.
B．Students shuldn’t use AI because it’s a frm f “cheating”.
C．Students shuld be taught t use AI wisely and respnsibly.
D．Using AI t find quick slutins is mre imprtant than fcusing n prcess.
4．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr this passage?
A．Why Des AI Raise Yur Creativity?
B．Des AI Harm Students' Creativity?
C．Is It Imprtant t Find the Ptential f AI?
D．Hw Can AI Create Original Wrk?
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文主要探讨了AI在教育中对学生创造力的双重影响，并提出了以负责任和有意识的方式使用AI，使其成为支持而非取代学生创造性思维的工具。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“One study f the key findings was that students wh used AI prduced mre creative utputs cmpared t thse wh didn’t.”以及第四段“Hwever, while AI imprved the quality f creative wrk, it als diminished the value and enjyment f the creative prcess itself.”可知，该研究主要讨论了AI对学生创造力产出的提升以及对创作过程本身价值的影响，因此它是关于AI对学生创造力的影响。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Hwever, while AI imprved the quality f creative wrk, it als diminished the value and enjyment f the creative prcess itself.”可知，在AI提高作品质量的同时，它也“降低、减弱”了创作过程本身的价值和乐趣。且“diminished”与上文“imprved”形成转折对比。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Fr AI t be a part f educatin, it shuld be a thinking n the creative need t understand hw AI wrks, its biases, and its limitatins and ensure they engage with AI in a respnsible and meaningful way.”以及最后一段“The key is respnsible and intentinal use.”可知，作者认为关键在于负责任、有意识地使用AI，应该教导学生如何明智且负责任地使用AI。故选C。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文，文章开头提出AI对创造力存在潜在阻碍和促进两种对立观点，接着通过研究具体分析其双面影响，最后重点论述如何负责任地使用AI以使其支持而非取代学生的创造性努力。全文核心是探讨AI对学生创造力的影响究竟是利是弊。故选B。
We live in a culture that treats mistakes as bth unavidable and unacceptable. On ne hand, we are tld again and again that mistakes are ur teachers. On the ther hand, we carry the weight f each misstep as if it shuld never have happened. N matter hw we view mistakes, the unspken rule is that the gal remains the same: avid mistakes at all csts.
But what if the very thing we call a mistake isn’t ne at all? Yu planned carefully, acted hnestly, and made thughtful chices. Yet the result lked different frm what yu imagined. It is natural t call it a mistake. But what if it was simply an utcme, neither right nr wrng, just reality mving in a directin yu did nt expect? Fr example, smene accepted a meaningful jb. Later, the cmpany restructured (重组) and the psitin disappeared. Did he make a wrng decisin? If we call every difference frm expectatin a mistake, we lse the ability t accept uncertainty as part f the prcess.
There is an imprtant difference between negligence and uncertainty. Negligence, paying n attentin t facts, missing warnings, r failing t act with care, can and shuld be called a mistake. But uncertainty, n matter hw uncmfrtable, is nt. It’s simply the reality we live with. When we learn t separate true mistakes frm unavidable utcmes, we allw urselves t walk mre freely, act with curage, and experiment withut carrying the weight f unnecessary regret.
This des nt mean yu can take things lightly. We shuld plan carefully, cnsider pssible utcmes, and act respnsibly. But nce we have dne s, we must als accept that the results may nt crrespnd t the picture we painted in ur minds. Smetimes it is just life, mving us int places we did nt expect but might need t be.
I can think f mments in my wn life when an pprtunity (机会) I wrked fr with full effrt did nt materialize. At the time, it felt like a mistake. But lking back, thse mments turned ut t be turning pints, redirecting my time and energy tward spaces I wuld never have explred therwise. What felt like mistakes was in fact redirectin.
Only when we d nt treat the absence f a hped-fr utcme as a mistake, can we start pening ur minds t unexpected pprtunities that appear when things dn’t g as planned. And maybe the lessn is nt just t learn frm mistakes, but t learn which things were never mistakes in the first place.
1．Why des the writer use the example in Paragraph 2?
A．T prve that mistakes are hard t avid.
B．T encurage careful thught befre acting.
C．T explain that uncertainty is nrmal in life.
D．T stress the imprtance f making gd decisins.
2．The wrds “crrespnd t” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean “________”.
A．depend nB．center nC．cnnect withD．agree with
3．Which f the fllwing wuld the writer mst prbably supprt?
A．Mistakes usually result frm pr preparatin.
B．Acting carefully is the key t reducing uncertainty.
C．Our view n unexpected utcmes shapes ur grwth.
D．Aviding mistakes matters mre than explring new experiences.
4．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr this passage?
A．What Can We Learn Frm a Mistake?B．When Is a Mistake Really a Mistake?
C．Why Are Mistakes Unacceptable?D．Hw Can We Avid Mistakes?
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文探讨了“错误”的定义，区分了“疏忽导致的真正错误”与“生活中不可避免的不确定性结果”，指出不应将所有与预期不符的结果都归为错误；建议人们正确看待意外结果，学会接受生活的不确定性，如此才能更勇敢地行动，并拥抱意外带来的机遇。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，本段通过“接受工作后因公司重组失去职位”的例子，说明若将所有与预期不符的结果都称为错误，我们会失去接受不确定性的能力，即解释不确定性是生活中正常的一部分。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据“But nce we have dne s, we must als accept that the results may nt crrespnd t the picture we painted in ur minds.”可知，一旦我们完成了这些操作，我们也必须承认，所得的结果可能与我们脑海中所描绘的景象并不完全一致，“crrespnd t”在此处意为 “与……一致”，与“agree with”含义相近。故选D。
3．细节理解题。文章核心观点是“区分真正的错误（疏忽）与不可避免的不确定性结果”，并指出看待意外结果的方式会影响我们的状态（如更自由、有勇气）。选项C“我们对意外结果的看法塑造了我们的成长”符合作者的主张。故选C。
4．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，文章围绕“何为真正的错误”展开，区分了“疏忽导致的错误”与“生活中不可避免的不确定性结果”，因此标题“When Is a Mistake Really a Mistake?”（什么时候所谓的错误才是真正的错误？）最契合主旨。故选B。
Hw AI will transfrm educatin is very imprtant t schls such as mine, teachers such as me, and hardwrking care-givers such as the parents in my cmmunity. Culd AI teach ur children t grasp new cncepts and skills? Might AI be better equipped t help them use their wn intelligence?
Human intelligence is different frm the cmputer’s. Fr ne, human intelligence cannt be measured. The brain is plastic (可塑的), always develping and grwing as we learn frm ur envirnments. In additin, human intelligence depends n human interactin; exercising ur intelligence is smething we d naturally as we cnnect with thers, cnsider the wrld arund us and seek t imprve ur relatinship t that wrld.
In educatin, there has been a mvement tward scial-emtinal and prblem-based learning. S educatrs try t encurage interest in subjects and skills by turning learning mments int cmmunal (共有的) prblem-slving events. When we cmbine analytical (分析的) learning with scial-emtinal learning, students master the material we want them t knw and get mre excited abut the learning prcess.
Hwever, using AI lks different frm this. AI learning ften invlves an individual wrking alne with a cmputer prgram. It can crwd surce infrmatin t help students find facts abut their envirnment, slve a prblem and cme up with a creative way frward. But AI desn’t frce students t think thrugh r keep anything. And simply being fed facts and infrmatin is nt the same as “learning”.
It is fascinating t imagine that AI might cure what annys us. Many parents dn’t have the resurces—in time, mney r energy—t teach their kids at hme. If AI culd fill the gaps, hw great, right? Yet the nature f AI “teaching” as it currently exists means that many students may simply level up withut “learning”—an in-depth engagement that sparks their curisity t learn mre.
Maybe it’s time t rethink abut hw we can shape AI learning in the way f invlving students in the true learning prcess where the grwth f their intelligence is nt just t be expected but t be gauged (衡量). Prbably in this way will AI be able t teach better.
1．What d we knw abut human intelligence accrding t Paragraph 2?
A．It is measured easily.B．It is f n imprtance.
C．It can d withut educatin.D．It is changeable and interactive.
2．Which f the fllwing wuld the writer mst prbably agree with?
A．AI learning shuld be widely used and relied n at schl.
B．AI learning helps develp students’ intelligence greatly.
C．AI learning makes a huge difference t educatin wrldwide.
D．AI learning is expected t help with students’ true learning.
3．What can be a suitable title fr the passage?
A．Can AI be Better Used t Teach Students?
B．Shuld Students Use AI Frequently?
C．Hw D Students Use AI in Their Study?
D．Hw D Teachers Interact with Students?
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人工智能 (AI) 在教育中的潜在作用与局限性，通过比较人类智能的特点以及当前AI教育的不足，提出应重新思考如何设计AI辅助学习，使其真正促进学生深度参与学习过程，而非仅仅提供信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“human intelligence cannt be measured. The brain is plastic, always develping and grwing as we learn frm ur envirnments.”和“human intelligence depends n human interactin”可知，作者指出人类智力不可被简单测量 (cannt be measured)，且大脑具有可塑性 (plastic)，能随环境学习而不断发展。此外，人类智力的发挥依赖于人际互动 (depends n human interactin)，是我们与他人连接、思考世界并改善与世界关系时的自然行为。这说明了人类智力是动态变化且依赖于互动的。因此，选项D正确概括了这些特点。故选D。
2．推理判断题。通读全文，作者先指出当前AI学习的局限——“many students may simply level up withut ‘learning’”，该句点明当前AI学习的核心局限，为后文提出革新建议做铺垫；接着在最后一段提出观点“it’s time t rethink abut hw we can shape AI learning in the way f invlving students in the true learning prcess”，这表明作者期望通过对AI学习方式进行革新，使其能够助力学生的真正学习。故选D。
3．最佳标题题。本文开篇提出“人工智能如何改变教育”的问题，中间对比人类智力与AI学习模式的差异，分析AI 教学的不足，最后提出重构AI学习模式以实现有效教学的建议，全文始终围绕“如何让AI 更好地用于教学”展开；选项A“人工智能能否被更好地用于教学生？”精准匹配全文核心，适合作为文章的标题。故选A。
The Stanfrd marshmallw (棉花糖) test was riginally dne by psychlgist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged fur t six at a nursery schl were placed in a rm. A single sugary treat (甜食), selected by the child, was placed n a table. Each child was tld if they waited fr 15 minutes befre eating the treat, they wuld be given a secnd treat. Then they were left alne in the rm. Fllw-up studies with the children later in life shwed a cnnectin between an ability t wait lng enugh t get a secnd treat and varius frms f success.
As adults, in fact, we face “the marshmallw test” every day. We’re nt tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by ur cmputers, phnes, and tablets—all the devices that cnnect us t the glbal delivery system fr varius types f infrmatin that d t us what marshmallws d t preschlers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because ur ancestrs lived in a calrie-pr wrld, and ur brains develped an ability t respnd t these treats that reflected their value—a feeling f reward and satisfactin. But as we’ve reshaped the wrld arund us, greatly reducing the cst and effrt invlved in getting calries, we still have the same brains we had thusands f years ag, and this mismatch is at the heart f why s many f us struggle t resist (抑制) tempting fds that we knw we shuldn’t eat.
A similar prcess is at wrk in ur respnse t infrmatin. Our frmative (发展的) envirnment as a species was infrmatin-pr, s ur brains develped a system that prized new infrmatin. But glbal cnnectivity has greatly changed ur infrmatin envirnment. We are nw cnstantly bmbarded (轰炸) with new infrmatin. Therefre, just as we need t be mre thughtful abut ur intake f calries, we als need t be mre thughtful abut ur intake f infrmatin, and refuse t accept the temptatin f the mental “junk fd” in rder t manage ur time mst effectively.
1．Accrding t Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ______.
A．the calrie-pr wrld and ur wn desire fr fd
B．the shrtage f sugar and ur nutritinal needs
C．the fd-rich wrld and ur unchanged brains
D．the attractive fds and ur effrts t keep fit
2．What des the authr suggest readers d?
A．Use diverse infrmatin surces.
B．Be selective cnsumers f infrmatin.
C．Absrb new infrmatin readily.
D．Prtect the infrmatin envirnment.
3．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．The Later, the BetterB．The Sad Truth abut Early Humans
C．Eat Less, Read MreD．The Marshmallw Test fr Adults
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，通过对比儿童棉花糖实验与成年人面对信息诱惑的相似性，探讨了人类大脑对即时满足的原始需求与现代环境之间的冲突，并建议读者理性管理信息摄入。
1．推理判断题。根据“But as we’ve reshaped the wrld arund us, greatly reducing the cst and effrt invlved in getting calries, we still have the same brains we had thusands f years ag”可知，我们重塑了周遭的世界，大幅降低了获取热量所需的成本与精力，但我们的大脑却仍和数千年前的状态别无二致，这造成了不匹配，即食物富足的世界与我们未曾改变的大脑之间存在着不匹配。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据“we als need t be mre thughtful abut ur intake f infrmatin, and refuse t accept the temptatin f the mental ‘junk fd’”可知，我们需要更谨慎地选择信息摄入，拒绝精神“垃圾食品”。由此推知，作者建议读者成为有选择性的信息消费者。故选B。
3．最佳标题题。根据全文内容，文章指明了成年人每天都面临着“棉花糖测试”，不再是被甜食所诱惑，而是要面对信息诱惑的挑战，所以选项D“成年人棉花糖测试” 是最佳标题。故选D。
Yu learned hw t speak and understand speech during yur first few years f life. N ne taught yu hw t d this. Learning t read and write tk a lt mre effrt. Reading desn’t cme naturally t peple, but mst f us have learned hw. Literacy (读写能力) makes it pssible t travel in a wrld filled with bks, websites, text messages, rad signs, and mre.
But the wrld f infrmatin is changing. Why send a lng letter r text when yu can share phts r vides instead? Why learn frm a bk when yu can watch an instructinal vide r practice a skill in virtual reality (虚拟现实)? Why read magazines when yu can listen t pdcasts (播客)?
Culd a grwing number f peple take part in tday’s wrld withut reading r writing at all? Technlgy makes it pssible. Mst f ur devices (设备) nw talk t us. Smart virtual assistants listen fr requests t reprt the weather, play a sng, rder gds, and much mre. Sftware can als read text alud r turn speech int text. These interactins (互动) aren’t perfect. The sftware still makes silly mistakes. But it’s getting better and better. It’s pssible t imagine we’ll cmmunicate with ur devices and each ther is spken in the future.
But reading and writing are pwerful tls. Fr ne, mst peple read faster than they speak. A pdcaster r audibk teller speaks at arund 150 t 160 wrds per minute, while a strng reader can lk thrugh a text at 300 t 400 wrds per minute. That’s twice as fast! Research has als fund that peple remember mre infrmatin and stay mre interested when they are reading.
Learning t read als creates new cnnectins in the brain. In her bk Prust and the Squid: The Stry and Science f the Reading Brain, Maryanne Wlf writes that with the inventin f reading, human beings “rearranged the very rganizatin f ur brain, which in turn develped the ways we were able t think, which changed the intellectual evlutin (进化) f humans.” Wuld yu really chse t give up that prgress?
What d yu think? D yu hpe peple keep n reading and writing, r will technlgy make reading n lnger needed?
1．What can we learn frm Para. 1?
A．Reading and writing are natural skills.B．It is easy t learn t read and write.
C．Literacy is very imprtant in daily lives.D．Mst peple learn reading by themselves.
2．Why des the writer mentin the three questins in Para. 2?
A．T ffer a new way t imprve reading and writing skills.
B．T ask readers t ffer their answers t these questins.
C．T shw the writer has many questins abut the tpic.
D．T shw the change in the ways f getting infrmatin .
3．Which f the fllwing supprts the statement “reading and writing are pwerful tls”?
①Mst peple read faster than they speak.
②Peple stay mre interested when they read.
③Learning t read imprves the way we think.
④Peple can understand texts better when reading.
A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④
4．Which f the fllwing might the writer agree with?
A．Reading and writing will be f n use sn.B．Peple shuldn’t give up reading and writing.
C．Technlgy will rearrange human’s brain.D．Virtual reality will take the place f bks.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕人类读写能力这一话题进行了论述，目前信息社会中通讯方式的多样以及智能技术的发展对人类读写能力带来了很大的影响，但是读写能力依然非常重要。
1．推理判断题。由第一段“Literacy (读写能力) makes it pssible t travel in a wrld filled with bks, websites, text messages, rad signs, and mre.”可知读写能力对于日常生活很重要。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“But the wrld f infrmatin is changing.”可知，作者提问是为了说明现代社会获取信息的方式在改变。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“Fr ne, mst peple read faster than they speak... peple remember mre infrmatin and stay mre interested when they are reading”对应句①和句②；“Learning t read als creates new cnnectins in the brain...”对应句③，可知，选项A符合。故选A。
4．推理判断题。综合全文大意可知，作者认为读写能力是强有力的工具，对于人类是非常重要的，所以作者应是认为人类不应该放弃读写。选项B符合。故选B。
Being Authritative(权威的) Parents
Phrases like “tiger mm” and “helicpter parent” have made their way int everyday language.
Many f us find urselves drawn t the idea that with just a bit mre parental hard wrk and effrt, we might turn ut children with bright futures. But is there anything wrng with a kind f “verparenting style”?
Parental invlvement has a lng histry f being studied. Many f the studies, carried ut by Diana Baumrind, a famus psychlgist at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, have fund that a gd parent is the ne wh is invlved and reacts t her child in a psitive way, wh sets high expectatins but gives her child independence. These “authritative parents” appear t hit the sweet spt f parental invlvement and generally raise children wh d better academically, psychlgically and scially than children whse parents are nt strict and less invlved, r cntrlling and mre invlved.Why is this parenting style s successful?
Authritative parents actually help imprve mtivatin in their children Carl Daeck, a scial phychlgist at Stanfrd University, has dne research that shws why authritative parents raise mte mtivated children. In a typical experiment, Dr. Dweck takes yung children int a rm and asks them t slve a simple puzzle. Mst d s with little difficulty. But then Dr Dweck tells sme, but nt all, f the kids hw clever they are. As it turns ut, the children wh are gt tld they’re smart are mre mtivated t slve increasingly difficulty puzzles. They als shw higher levels f cnfidence and shw greater prgress in puzzle-slving.
As the experiment suggests, praising children’s talents and abilities seems t shake their cnfidence. Dealing with mre difficult puzzles carries the risk f lsing ne’s status as “smart”. Dr. Dweck’s wrk strngly supprts that f Dr. Baumrind, wh als fund that reasnably supprting a child’s independence and limiting interference(干涉) causes better academic(学术的) and emtinal results.
The central task f grwing up is t develp a sense f self that is independent and cnfident. If yu treat yur yung child wh is just learning t walk as if she can’t walk, yu reduce her cnfidence. Allwing children t make mistakes is ne f the greatest challenges f parenting. It is easier when they are yung. The ptential mistakes carry greater risks, and part f being a parent is reducing risk fr ur children.
1．Accrding t the passage, a “tiger mm” ________.
A．helps her children realize their dreamsB．pays clse attentin t her children’s experiences
C．places reasnable expectatins n her childrenD．speaks her children’s everyday language
2．Frm the passage, we can knw that cntrlling style f parenting may ________.
A．cause mre prblems in childrenB．develp independence in children
C．face mre challenges f childrenD．lead t children’s academic success
3．The example f the children ding the puzzles suggests that ________.
A．a gd game plays a big rle in training yung minds
B．bright children usually shw less cnfidence in difficult games
C．puzzle-slving can give children the mtivatin they need
D．verpraising makes children less mtivated and cnfident
4．The last paragraph tells us that ________.
A．children shuld nt be given much freedm
B．parents shuld nt increase the risk f challenging
C．children shuld crrect mistakes with the help f their parents
D．parents shuld allw their children t learn frm mistakes
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过向我们介绍“虎妈”以及不同父母的教育对孩子造成不同的影响，告诉我们：父母应该给予孩子独立，让他们独自解决问题，这样有助于他们的成长。
1．细节理解题。根据“Many f the studies, carried ut by Diana child independence.”可知，研究发现一个好的父母是一个积极参与并对孩子做出积极反应的人，她设定了很高的期望，但给了孩子独立性。所以“虎妈”密切关注孩子们的经历。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“These ‘authritative parents’ appear t hit the sweet spt f parental mre invlved.“可知，这些“权威父母”似乎达到了父母参与的最佳点，通常培养出的孩子在学业、心理和社交方面都比父母不严格、参与度低、控制欲强等的孩子表现更好。所以“控制型”的父母会给孩子带来更多的问题。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“As the experiment suggests, praising children’s talents and abilities seems t shake their cnfidence.”可知，正如实验所表明的那样，表扬孩子的天赋和能力似乎动摇了他们的信心。所以孩子们做拼图的例子说明了过分地表扬反倒会动摇了他们的积极性和信心。故选D。
4．段落大意题。根据“Allwing children t make mistakes is ne f the greatest challenges f fr ur children.”可知，允许孩子犯错是养育子女的最大挑战之一。他们年轻的时候比较容易，潜在的错误会带来更大的风险，为人父母的一部分是降低孩子的风险。所以本段告诉大家家长应该允许孩子在错误中学习成长。故选D。
With numbers f bks and curses helping us develp self-discipline(自律), it seems quite bvius that self-discipline is highly valued. Hwever, this may verstate the imprtance f being self-disciplined and make peple wrried. Peple with such wrries are likely t push themselves harder and harder. Once their energy is burned ut r their willpwer breaks dwn, they will feel upset.
In fact, being self-disciplined isn’t abut leading a restrictive(约束的)lifestyle. Althugh it seems t be usually cnnected with self-cntrl and willpwer, it still has t be based n respect fr ne’s wn free will and effective methds. Sme peple are caught in a “self-discipline trap(陷阱)” where they always wrk hard, and mistakes, failure and laziness are nt allwed. Is this really the way we can imprve urselves, r is it a way t make things wrse? Even thugh staying self-disciplined is beneficial fr self-imprvement, it’s never smething everyne must d in life.
Hw can we avid being ver self-restrained? Here are sme ideas.
Fllw yur wn energy flw and limit. Ging against it may prduce unpleasant results. Fr example, sleeping fr five hurs and then frcing yurself t get up fr a mrning run. The harm caused by nt getting enugh sleep may utweigh the gd brught by running.
Fllw yur wn heart. Infrmatin n the Internet has created a hidden cmpetitive envirnment where many gd examples lead the trends(潮流). Peple wh see these are mre likely t fllw. Listen t yur wn vice instead f thers. Think and decide whether it is what yu truly want.
Change yur gals and expectatins. Sme wh are ver self-restrained may set unrealistic gals and expectatins. They may never stp until it’s perfect, even thugh nthing culd really be perfect. Fr example, lsing 10 punds in a week. It then easily ges int an unhealthy cycle where they always set gals but never reach them.
Wrk smart instead f wrking hard. We might all have ever been stuck in a situatin where, n matter hw much effrt we’ve made, the prgress is slw. Have yu fund better ways t d it instead f just trying harder? Fr example, if I have a gal f learning 20 new wrds each day, I might fllw the Frgetting Curve(遗忘曲线)t d it mre effectively.
1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．The meaning f self-discipline.B．The ways t develp self-discipline.
C．The effects f being self-disciplined.D．The reasn fr being self-disciplined.
2．T avid being ver self-restrained, we shuld ________.
A．cnsider ther peple’s adviceB．fllw gd examples n the Internet
C．set up achievable gals and expectatinsD．raise ur energy limit t get gd results
3．Why des the writer use the example f learning new wrds in the last paragraph?
A．T stress the value f wrking hard.
B．T explain hw effrt influences prgress.
C．T suggest a gd way f learning a language.
D．T shw the imprtance f finding effective methds.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了过度自我约束的危害以及如何避免过度自我约束的方法。
1．主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“being self-disciplined isn’t abut leading a restrictive(约束的)lifestyle”和尾句“Even thugh staying self-disciplined is beneficial fr self-imprvement, it’s never smething everyne must d in life.”可知，本段主要讲了自律的含义。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第五段“Listen t yur wn vice instead f thers.”可知，为了避免过的自我约束，我们应该遵从本心，A、B选项错误；根据第六段“Sme wh are ver self-restrained may set unrealistic gals and expectatins.”可知，为了避免过度的自我约束，我们应该设定恰当的目标和期望，C选项正确；根据第四段“Fllw yur wn energy flw and limit. Ging against it may prduce unpleasant results”可知，D选项提升能力极限是错误的。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Have yu fund better ways t d it instead f just trying harder?”可知，找到合适的方法比努力工作更重要。根据“I might fllw the Frgetting Curve(遗忘曲线)t d it mre effectively”可知，作者想通过这个例子说明有效的方法很重要。故选D。
Life can be wnderful, but in reality, it isn’t always s, n matter hw hard yu try. Sme gd things may happen cmpletely by chance, but it mstly depends n the effrt yu put in. And what abut bad things? The fact f living means yu’ll g thrugh hard times, yu wn’t always get what yu want, and yu’ll need resilience t get thrugh it.
Resilience is the ability t adapt (适应) t difficult cnditins in a psitive way. Resilient peple are thse wh can becme strnger by dealing with adversity. But resilience is mre than just “seeing the gd side f things”. It invlves, amng ther things, being able t effectively cntrl ur emtins. This will allw yu t face and vercme difficult situatins. Anther great thing abut resilience is that yu’re nt brn with a limited ability fr it. Instead it develps thrughut yur life as yu interact with yur envirnment.
T imprve yur resilience, yu need t knw which factrs (因素) influence it, bth persnal and envirnmental. That way, yu can wrk n each factr and learn hw t adapt t adversity in a psitive way.
First f all, yu have t accept what has happened. Obviusly, this desn’t just happen immediately after an unlucky event. It’s a step-by-step prcess that cmes with time and ften, the help f an experienced expert.
Next, it’s imprtant t be able t see the gd side f the situatin. In ther wrds, be psitive—just dn’t frget t be realistic. Yu shuldn’t just fcus n the negative things and frget abut the psitive, but yu als shuldn’t raise the psitive t an impssible level.
Lastly, having a sense f humr can help t imprve yur resilience hugely. Being able t laugh at yurself r the situatin is a wrthwhile tl that helps yu adapt t different adversities.
On tp f persnal factrs, there are als envirnmental factrs that influence yur ability t imprve yur resilience. When yu’re ging thrugh a difficult situatin, having specialized help can speed up the prcess f adaptatin. Yur scial supprt system makes a difference as well. Being able t depend n yur family, partners, and friends is an invaluable resurce.
It’s imprtant t keep all these factrs in mind when yu’re presented with difficult cnditins. It’s nrmal t struggle (挣扎) at first, but nbdy is brn knwing hw t adapt. The key is t knw which tls t use t imprve yur resilience and grw frm everything yu’ve been thrugh. As a result, yu can get up again when yu fall!
1．Yu mst prbably need resilience when ________
A．yu get the chance t perfrm in a schl play
B．yu cme back frm a trip with yur classmates
C．yu receive a pstcard frm yur sister in the UK
D．yu try t make up fr yur mistake in a sccer game
2．The underlined wrd “adversity” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________”.
A．unimprtant mattersB．pwerful emtins
C．unpleasant situatinsD．different relatinships
3．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Cntrlling ur emtins is required t g thrugh difficult times.
B．Specialized help is a lasting resurce fr ur family and friends.
C．Being psitive lets us fcus n the gd side and frget the bad side.
D．Laughing at urselves enables us t imprve the sense f humr hugely.
4．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T encurage us t imprve resilience by using prper tls.
B．T cmpare persnal and envirnmental factrs f resilience.
C．T tell the meaning f resilience and its influence n teenagers.
D．T shw us sme pssibilities created by imprving resilience.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们遇到困难时需要有韧性，也介绍了影响韧性的因素以及如何发展我们的韧性。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“The fact f living means yu’ll g thrugh hard times, yu wn’t always get what yu want, and yu’ll need resilience t get thrugh it.”可知生活的事实意味着你会经历艰难的时期，你不会总是得到你想要的，你需要韧性来度过它。选项D“你试图在足球比赛中弥补你的错误”符合。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Resilience is the ability t adapt (适应) t difficult cnditins in a psitive way. Resilient peple are thse wh can becme strnger by dealing with adversity. ”可知韧性是以积极的方式适应困难条件的能力。有韧性的人是那些可以通过应对……变得更强大的人。由此可推知是指不好的，困难的处境。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第二段的“It invlves, amng ther things, being able t effectively cntrl ur emtins. This will allw yu t face and vercme difficult situatins. ”可知除其他外，它涉及能够有效控制我们的情绪。这将使您能够面对和克服困难的情况。因此选项A“控制我们的情绪是度过困难时期所必需的”符合。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，主要介绍了人们遇到困难时需要有韧性，也介绍了影响韧性的因素以及如何发展我们的韧性。选项A“鼓励我们使用适当的方法提高韧性”符合。故选A。

D yu knw the prverb “n pains, n gains”? It gives the impressin that we ught t be suffering while we study. It seems that the nly way t knw if we’re putting in enugh wrk is hw much hardship we bear. We are ttally taken up with study, shutting urselves away fr a big exam. Is that necessarily true?
When we haven’t taken the time t cme up with anther idea, we just shut urselves in a rm with a bk. It’s n surprise that we find revisin bring and difficult. Just as children learn frm playing, we can learn frm ding, r at least frm study techniques that interest us, rather than make us switch ff. Shutting urselves away can make us learn t hate studying, leading t a situatin where, instead f being able t cncentrate n ur wrk, we are trubled by hw unfair it is that we must study. This can be part f a vicius(恶性的) cycle that traps us int ineffective revisin, r pr prgress fueling(增加) further annyance.
Thankfully, wrking in the cmpany f ther peple really helps fight against that. We just need t learn hw t deal with distractins(分心). It’s nt necessary t avid all cmpany, just lazy cmpany. They cnstantly try t keep thers in cnversatin. While studying in the same rm with smene wh is irning r wrking ut is perfectly pssible. Of curse, it’s als a gd idea t avid the cmpany f peple invlved in activities where yu wuld rather be playing than studying. Wrking while sitting next t smene playing vide games is mst likely t end with a new high scre game rather than prductive revisin.
If being arund thers means wrking in a nisy envirnment, a pair f headphnes and sme backgrund music can blck ut nises. They als act as a psychlgical barrier, s that peple think twice befre interrupting yu. Besides, we shuld knw friends and family can lessen feelings f islatin. And cnnecting with ther peple makes us happy, s it’s imprtant nt t give that up and t make sure that we take the time t scialize.
1．What can we learn frm Paragraph 2?
A．Gd ideas are needed in terms f prgress.
B．Ways that interest us can lead t effective revisin.
C．Shutting urselves away can help cncentrate n wrk.
D．Revisin is interesting and easy with study techniques fr certain.
2．Accrding t Paragraph 3, the writer prbably agrees that ________.
A．ne shuld learn frm certain activities that interest us
B．playing vide games is helpful fr an effective study
C．ne shuldn’t study with the cmpany f a vide player
D．the mre time ne spends in playing games, the higher test scres ne will get
3．In the writer’s pinin, if yu study in a nisy envirnment, yu shuld ________.
A．spend n time scializingB．give up thers’ cmpany at nce
C．give signs f nt wanting t be interruptedD．frce yurself t be used t the envirnment
4．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T intrduce an effective studying means.B．T encurage us t wrk as hard as pssible.
C．T remind us t balance activities and study.D．T discuss the imprtance f family cmpany.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章对习语“n pains, n gains”提出质疑，并认为积极的话语和积极的行为会给人们带来积极的影响，从而产生良好的学习效果。
1．推理判断题。根据“Just as children learn frm playing, we can learn frm ding, r at least frm study techniques that interest us, rather than make us switch ff.”可知，就像孩子们从玩耍中学习一样，我们也可以从实践中学习，或者至少从我们感兴趣的学习技巧中学习，而不是让我们停止学习。由此推知让我们感兴趣的方法可以导致有效的复习，故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“Wrking while sitting next t smene playing vide games is mst likely t end with a new high scre game rather than prductive revisin.”可知，坐在玩电子游戏的人旁边工作时，最有可能以一个新的高分游戏而不是富有成效的复习结束。所以作者不建议在游戏等令人分心的事情的陪伴下学习，故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“If being arund thers means wrking in a nisy envirnment, a pair f headphnes and sme backgrund music can blck ut nises. They als act as a psychlgical barrier, s that peple think twice befre interrupting yu.”可知，如果和其他人在一起意味着在嘈杂的环境中工作，一副耳机和一些背景音乐可以屏蔽噪音。 它们也起到了心理障碍的作用，所以人们在打断你之前会三思。所以在作者看来，如果你在一个嘈杂的环境中学习，你应该表现出不希望被打扰的迹象，故选C。
4．主旨大意题。本文对习语“n pains, n gains”提出质疑，并认为积极的话语和积极的行为会给人们带来积极的影响，从而产生良好的学习效果。选项A“介绍一种有效的学习手段”符合主题，故选A。
Lunch r Junk?

It’s lunch time at Hall Memrial Schl in Cnnecticut, and 10-year-ld Haley is making her way thrugh the fd line. Many f her friends are pleased with the day’s lunch selectins: pizza and French fries and ht dgs. But Haley feels discuraged. “I use fur r five napkins just trying t get the grease ff the pizza,” she says. “Where are the healthy chices?”
Health experts are asking the same questin. They say fds high in fat, salt, and sugar shuld be banned frm schl lunch prgrams. This includes sme items yu might nt suspect (怀疑), like fruit punch, which is laded with sugar, and macarni and cheese, which is sky-high in fat and salt. “Children are already having t much junk fd,” says Jen Keller, a dietitian at the Physician’s Cmmittee fr Respnsible Medicine. “It’s imprtant t ffer them nly healthy items in schl.”
It’s nt that health experts want t take fds kids like best frm them. They just want t help kids avid many f the health prblems that cme with eating large quantities f unhealthy fd. Tday, 15 percent f children ages 6 t 11 are bese, r seriusly verweight. That’s up frm just 6. 5 percent in the late 1970s. Pr diet and besity can cause diseases like type-2 diabetes (糖尿病), which can lead t blindness and kidney prblems. As f a few years ag, this disease didn’t happen s ften t children that it was called “adult nset diabetes.” “Many fds that are ffered in cafeterias (自助食堂) are linked t these prblems,” Keller says.
Mst schls d ffer sme healthful fds, but experts say that desn’t slve the prblem. “Given a chice, mst kids are ging t chse junk ver smething healthy,” says Pat Thrtn, a psychlgist wh studies besity in children.
Thrtn and ther experts agree that schls and parents need t educate kids abut making gd fd chices, bth in and ut f schl. Fr example, few kids understand that many ppular candies, chips, and sdas cme in cntainers (容器) that actually have tw r even three servings. And kids need t becme skeptical abut fd advertisements they see n TV and in magazines. “Just because Beynce sells Pepsi desn’t mean it’s a gd prduct fr yur bdy,” Thrtn says.
Of curse sme kids already seem t knw all f this. “The junk fd is tempting (引诱),” says 10-year-ld Tim. “But my parents tell me that if I eat healthy nw, I’ll have strng bnes when I get lder. “
1．The underlined wrds “be banned frm” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________”.
A．nt be allwed inB．be changed int
C．be served inD．nt be
2．Accrding t the passage, wh shuld be respnsible fr kids’ gd fd chices?
A．Schls and experts.B．Parents and cks.
C．Dctrs and parents.D．Schls and parents.
3．Why des the writer write this passage?
A．T discuss students’ favrite meal.
B．T educate yu abut eating healthy.
C．T teach yu abut the life in schl.
D．T intrduce sme diseases aused by unhealthy fd.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些学校的午餐为学生提供、炸薯条和热狗，这些垃圾食品能够吸引大部分学生，但是很不健康；告诉学校和家长：要教育学生在饮食上选择健康的食物，注意健康饮食。
1．词句猜测题。根据后文“Children are already having t much junk fd”和“It’s imprtant t ffer them nly healthy items in schl.”可知，高脂肪、高盐和高糖的食物是不健康的，所以应该被禁止，划线词汇表示“被禁止”与A项“不允许进入”意思相近。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Thrtn and ther experts agree that schls and parents need t educate kids abut making gd fd chices, bth in and ut f schl.”可知，学校和家长应该为孩子的良好食物选择负责，故选D。
3．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些学校的午餐为学生提供、炸薯条和热狗，这些垃圾食品能够吸引大部分学生，但是很不健康；告诉学校和家长：要教育学生在饮食上选择健康的食物，注意健康饮食。故选B。