【英语】陕西省西安市临潼区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期入学考试试题（学生版+解析版）

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第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As f July 11, 2025, the ttal number f China’s Wrld Heritage sites reached 60. Belw are fur f them:
Old Twn f Lijiang
Lijiang Old Twn fits perfectly with the hilly land f this imprtant business and strategic place. It has kept a high-quality, true histric twn lk. First built in the late 13th century AD, the twn is a mix f cultures frm many ethnic grups (少数民族). It als has a special Naxi architectural style and traditinal culture.
Heritage lcatin & inclusin time (列入时间): Lijiang City, Yunnan Prvince; 1997
Best time t visit: Spring and autumn, aviding rainy seasn in summer
Time needed: Half t ne day
Classical Gardens f Suzhu
Suzhu gardens are the mst typical symbl f Jiangnan. The design f classical Chinese gardens tries t cpy natural views in a small space — and this idea is best shwn in Suzhu’s beautiful gardens. These private gardens were built frm the 11th t the 19th century.
Heritage lcatin & inclusin time: Suzhu City, Jiangsu Prvince; 1997
Best time t visit: Spring and autumn with pleasant climate and lts f plants
Time needed: 2-3 hurs fr ne garden,5 hurs t 2 days fr several gardens
Ancient City f Pingya
Funded in the 14th century, Pingya Ancient City — a China’s cultural heritage — is a very well-preserved example f traditinal Han Chinese city. Climbing up the city wall, ne can verlk the whle city. Amng them, the city twer at the Suth Gate (Yingxun Gate) is the mst beautiful.
Heritage lcatin & inclusin time: Pingya Cunty, Shanxi Prvince; 1997
Best time t visit: Spring and autumn
Time needed: 1-2 days
Summer Palace
Lcated in the western suburbs (郊区) f Beijing, the Summer Palace was first built in 1750. It was badly damaged during the 1860 war. In 1886, peple rebuilt it n the ld site. Its man-made scenes fit well with the natural hills and big lakes arund.
Heritage lcatin & inclusin time: Haidian District, Beijing City; 1998
Best time t visit: Spring and autumn with the best climate
Time needed: 4-6 hurs
1. What is special abut Lijiang Old Twn?
A. It is a symbl f Jiangnan.B. It was badly damaged befre.
C. It was built in the 14th century.D. It has Naxi-style buildings.
2. In which place can yu see the Yingxun Gate?
A. Lijiang City.B. Suzhu City.C. Pingya Cunty.D. Beijing City.
3. What d the fur sites have in cmmn?
A. They are rebuilt lately.B. They share the same best visiting time.
C. They fit well with the hilly land.D. They have many ethnic grups.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国四处世界遗产：丽江古城、苏州园林、平遥古城和颐和园，涵盖了它们的特色、位置、列入时间及最佳游览时节。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Old Twn f Lijiang部分“It als has a special Naxi architectural style and traditinal culture.(它还具有独特的纳西族建筑风格和传统文化)”可知，丽江古城有着纳西族风格的建筑。故选D。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Ancient City f Pingya部分“Amng them, the city twer at the Suth Gate (Yingxun Gate) is the mst beautiful.(其中，南门（迎薰门）的城楼是最为美丽的)”可知，你可以在平遥县看到迎薰门。故选C。
【3题详解】细节理解题。根据对比四个景点的Best time t visit一栏，可以发现它们的最佳游览时间都是“Spring and autumn(春秋两季)”。由此可知，四个景点有着相同的最佳游览时间。故选B。
B
I’m Isaias Hernandez. Fr me, envirnmental educatin didn’t begin in a classrm. It began at hme with my mther. As a first-generatin ecnmically disadvantaged Mexican-American, knwledge was a tl fr life and curisity was my guide. Befre public schl and textbks, my mther was my first teacher. She reminded us that Spanish wasn’t just a language. It was a gift. Learning t write and speak it meant cnnecting t ur rts and understanding the beautiful blend f languages and cultures arund the wrld.
My early relatinship with envirnmentalism was frmed thrugh small mments. I didn’t grw up ging n nature hikes r camping trips. I grew up falling in lve with the Discvery Channel and Nat Ge, studying animals and ecsystems I had never tuched. I saw bilgists, cnservatinists, and envirnmental strytellers n screen. I admired them. I quietly dreamed f ding what they did. But a part f me believed I culd never d that. I wasn’t smart enugh. I believed that kids like me grwing up in pverty weren’t meant t be n screen, let alne in science.
Years later, I graduated frm UC Berkeley with a degree in Envirnmental Science. But I didn’t stp there. I wanted t create smething f my wn. I built QueerBrwnVegan, a digital hme cnnecting envirnmental educatin, strytelling, and cultural memry. What started as ne page became a cmmunity — a space where peple wh lked like me, felt like me, and dreamed like me culd learn, grw, and express envirnmentalism in their wn vice.
Eventually, that dream I had as a kid came back. But I knew I culdn’t wait fr smene t discver me. S I made my wn shw. I launched a digital web series called Teaching Climate Tgether — a DIY prject with a visin bigger than the cst, driven by strytelling, passin, and a camera that never stpped recrding.
4. What did Isaias’s mther tell him t d?
A. T stay curius always.B. T use knwledge as a tl fr life.
C. T pass n cultural traditins.D. T understand the wrld thrugh language.
5. Hw did Isaias’s early link with envirnmentalism start?
A. By jining nature hikes.B. By watching TV shws.
C. By admiring n-screen scientists.D. By dreaming f a science career.
6. What can be inferred frm QueerBrwnVegan?
A. It mved frm nline t ffline.B. It mainly aimed at envirnmental educatin.
C. It was created befre his graduatin.D. It gained public attentin.
7. Which wrds can best describe Isaias?
A. Determined and creative.B. Thughtful and talkative.
C. Intelligent and patient.D. Outging and mdest.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以第一人称叙述了作者Isaias Hernandez的成长经历，描述了他如何从家庭的文化启蒙起步，通过媒体建立环保意识，克服自我怀疑完成学业，并最终自主创建环保教育平台和节目的过程。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“She reminded us that Spanish wasn’t just a language. It was a gift. Learning t write and speak it meant cnnecting t ur rts and understanding the beautiful blend f languages and cultures arund the wrld.(她提醒我们，西班牙语不仅仅是一门语言。它是一份礼物。学习书写和说它意味着扎根我们的根源，并理解世界各地语言与文化的美好融合。)”可知，母亲教导他要传承自身文化与传统。故选C项。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“I didn’t grw up ging n nature hikes r camping trips. I grew up falling in lve with the Discvery Channel and Nat Ge, studying animals and ecsystems I had never tuched.(我成长过程中没有参加过自然远足或露营。我爱上了探索频道和国家地理，研究我从未接触过的动物和生态系统。)”可知，他早期与环保的联系是通过看电视节目开始的。故选B项。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“What started as ne page became a cmmunity — a space where peple wh lked like me, felt like me, and dreamed like me culd learn, grw, and express envirnmentalism in their wn vice.(这个最初只有一个页面的平台变成了一个社区，一个和我相似、有同感、有同样梦想的人可以学习、成长、用自己的声音表达环保理念的地方。)”可知，QueerBrwnVegan获得了公众关注与认可。故选D项。
【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“I wanted t create smething f my wn. I built QueerBrwnVegan, a digital hme cnnecting envirnmental educatin, strytelling, and cultural memry.(我想创造属于自己的东西。于是我创建了QueerBrwnVegan，一个连接环境教育、故事讲述与文化记忆的数字家园。)”和第四段“I launched a digital web series called Teaching Climate Tgether — a DIY prject with a visin bigger than the cst, driven by strytelling, passin, and a camera that never stpped recrding.(我推出了一部名为《Teaching Climate Tgether 》的数字网络系列节目 —— 这是一个DIY项目，其愿景远超成本投入，它由故事讲述、热情与一台从未停止录制的相机驱动着。)”可知，Isaias Hernandez有决心且富有创造力。故选A项。
C
The value f the dictinary depends upn yur purpse. If the idea is t teach wrd meanings r t help students understand, then prvide the meanings directly. The whle prcess f lking up wrds and chsing amng meanings increases “cgnitive lad (认知负荷)”. That is, the dictinary tasks pull attentin frm learning the wrd meanings. It wastes precius class time, t. Therefre, many textbks include meanings f key vcabulary.
Technlgy als allws students t click n a wrd t find its meanings. In this way, publishers prvide access t meanings withut requiring students t struggle with dictinaries. That said, there is mre t it than that. Students shuld be learning t turn t the dictinary during reading when they encunter difficulties, and it is rewarding t help them vercme this cgnitive lad challenge.
All students can gain frm dictinaries, but the benefits f dictinary use are mst bvius fr English learners because f their limited knwledge f English vcabulary. Hwever, dictinary instructin can be pretty bad, with a lt f fcus n lking up wrds and little energy devted t making sense f meanings r chsing the relevant nes. Technlgy has relieved the “lking up” pressure but the rest f it is still an issue.
Kids simply dn’t knw hw t make sense f what they find in dictinaries — the benefits f gaining infrmatin frm each f the varius definitins, and the need t lk up additinal wrds t make sense f a meaning. Fr instance, if yu lk up “jy”, yu will quickly encunter the wrd “emtin”, which is a harder wrd than the ne yu were trying t figure ut.
Dictinary instructin can prvide a great pprtunity t explre the grammatical relatins amng wrds, t. Such dictinary lessns will nt directly increase vcabulary, but they will prvide students with the prficiency (熟练) that they need t slve unknwn wrds during reading, which is valuable.
8. Why d textbks add key wrd explanatins?
A. T prevent student distractin.B. T speed up the learning prcess.
C. T build a vcabulary system.D. T remve unnecessary tasks.
9. What des paragraph 2 mainly say abut technlgy?
A. It simplifies wrd lkup.B. It makes dictinary skills unnecessary.
C. It shuldn’t replace dictinary use.D. It reduces learning challenges.
10. What is the prblem with dictinary instructin?
A. It stps at turning pages.B. It cnsumes much time.
C. It fcuses n new wrds.D. It assumes prir wrd knwledge.
11. Which wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Dictinaries: A Tl fr Every StudentB. Mving Beynd Just Lking Up Wrds
C. The Hidden Challenges in Dictinary UseD. Technlgy’s Rle in Language Learning
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了词典在教学中的价值与局限，分析了技术如何改变查词方式，指出了当前词典教学中普遍存在的“重查词、轻理解”的问题，并提出了改进词典教学以培养学生实际语言能力的方向。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“The whle prcess f lking up wrds and chsing amng meanings increases “cgnitive lad (认知负荷)”. That is, the dictinary tasks pull attentin frm learning the wrd meanings. It wastes precius class time, t. Therefre, many textbks include meanings f key vcabulary.(查单词并在释义中做选择的整个过程会增加“认知负荷”。也就是说，查词典的任务会分散学生学习单词含义的注意力，也会浪费宝贵的课堂时间。因此，许多教材会附上重点词汇的释义。)”可知，教材添加重点单词解释是为了省去不必要的查词任务。故选D项。
【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Technlgy als allws students t click n a wrd t find its meanings. In this way, publishers prvide access t meanings withut requiring students t struggle with dictinaries. That said, there is mre t it than that. Students shuld be learning t turn t the dictinary during reading when they encunter difficulties, and it is rewarding t help them vercme this cgnitive lad challenge.(科技还能让学生点击单词查看释义。通过这种方式，出版商为学生提供了获取词义的途径，而不必让他们费力查阅词典。话虽如此，事情远不止于此。学生在阅读中遇到困难时，应当学会主动查阅词典，帮助他们克服这种认知负荷的挑战，是很有意义的。)”可知，本段说明技术不应取代词典的使用。故选C项。
【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Hwever, dictinary instructin can be pretty bad, with a lt f fcus n lking up wrds and little energy devted t making sense f meanings r chsing the relevant nes.(然而，词典教学可能很糟糕，大多只关注查单词，很少花精力去理解释义或选择相关释义。)”可知，词典教学的问题在于只停留在查词层面。故选A项。
【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“Dictinary instructin can prvide a great pprtunity t explre the grammatical relatins amng wrds, t. Such dictinary lessns will nt directly increase vcabulary, but they will prvide students with the prficiency (熟练) that they need t slve unknwn wrds during reading, which is valuable.(词典教学也能为探究单词之间的语法关系提供绝佳机会。这类词典使用课程虽不会直接增加词汇量，但会培养学生在阅读中解决生词所需的熟练能力，这一点很有价值。)”可知，文章指出查词典不应只停留在“查找单词”，更要学会理解释义、处理信息、提升阅读能力。所以B项“Mving Beynd Just Lking Up Wrds(不止于查单词)”符合文意。故选B项。
D
I ften catch myself asking my questins t AI chatbts with a “please” and a “thank yu.” Apparently, I am nt alne. A 2024 survey fund that apprximately 67% f U.S. AI users are als plite and shw gratitude tward AI search engines. Sme even jked abut the cst: if every plite wrd cnsumes electricity, the bill must be high. OpenAI’s CEO Sam Altman replied: “Tens f millins f dllars well spent — yu never knw.”
In reality, f curse, AI chatbts d nt appreciate pliteness; they lack cnsciusness, feelings r scial needs. Frm a purely utilitarian (功利主义的) standpint, all thse pleases and thank yus are just flushing mney dwn the tilet.
Still, there may be value that isn’t immediately measurable in shwing gratitude tward AI. Psychlgists Rbert Emmns and Michael McCullugh carried ut an experiment in which they divided participants int three grups, asking the first t list things they are grateful fr, while thers listed daily trubles r simply kept jurnals. After 10 weeks, they fund that the first grup reprted 25% higher happiness levels, strnger inner strength and even better physical health.
What’s true f gratitude is als true f kindness and genersity mre generally. Experiments at UC Riverside fund that perfrming “five small acts f kindness per week” prduced steady increases in happiness. This idea isn’t new. The medieval thinker Maimnides wrte that “it is better fr a persn t give ne cin t a thusand pr peple than t give a thusand cins t ne pr persn.” He believed that regular acts f gdness, like giving charity and expressing gratitude, make us happier in the lng run by turning virtue int a habit.
S perhaps all f ur pleases and thank yus t AI have value, even if they cst OpenAI millins f dllars annually. Shwing appreciatin, even tward a machine, reinfrces psitive habits f curtesy (礼貌), patience and empathy. In ur increasingly digital and autmated wrld, preserving these human qualities may be mre valuable than the cst f a little extra electricity. Ultimately, the beneficiary f ur pliteness isn’t the AI at all, but urselves.
12. Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic in paragraph 1?
A. By quting an expert.B. By telling a stry.
C. By presenting a phenmenn.D. By defining a cncept.
13. What value f gratitude des the experiment in paragraph 3 shw?
A. It strengthens ur bdies and minds.B. It reduces daily stress levels.
C. It imprves memry and creativity.D. It deepens scial relatinships.
14. Which f the fllwing wuld Maimnides mst likely apprve f?
A. Giving gifts t friends n birthdays.B. Making a large dnatin t a charity.
C. Expressing gratitude n Thanksgiving Day.D. Vlunteering weekly at a cmmunity kitchen.
15. What message des the authr mainly cnvey in the text?
A. Curtesy t AI saves electricity bills.B. AI imprves the quality f human life.
C. Pliteness benefits humans rather than AI.D. AI learns empathy frm human behavir.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章指出很多人对AI礼貌，虽AI无感知且看似无用，但相关实验和观点表明，这种行为能培养人类礼貌、同理心等品质，最终受益者是人类自身。
【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“I ften catch myself asking my questins t AI chatbts with a “please” and a “thank yu.” Apparently, I am nt alne. A 2024 survey fund that apprximately 67% f U.S. AI users are als plite and shw gratitude tward AI search engines. Sme even jked abut the cst: if every plite wrd cnsumes electricity, the bill must be high. OpenAI’s CEO Sam Altman replied: “Tens f millins f dllars well spent — yu never knw.”(我常常会发现自己在向人工智能聊天机器人提问时会加上“请”和“谢谢”这样的词语。显然，我不是唯一一个这样做的。2024年的一项调查发现，大约67%的美国人工智能用户也会对人工智能搜索引擎表现出礼貌和感激之情。有些人甚至开玩笑说这要花费不少钱：如果每一个礼貌的词语都要消耗电能，那账单肯定很高。OpenAI的首席执行官萨姆·阿尔特曼回应道：“这花费了数千万美元——谁知道呢。”)”并结合下文对“对AI礼貌能培养人的礼貌、同理心等品质”的陈述可知，作者在第一段通过描述一个现象引入话题。故选C。
【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Still, there may be value that isn’t immediately measurable in shwing gratitude tward AI. Psychlgists Rbert Emmns and Michael McCullugh carried ut an experiment in which they divided participants int three grups, asking the first t list things they are grateful fr, while thers listed daily trubles r simply kept jurnals. After 10 weeks, they fund that the first grup reprted 25% higher happiness levels, strnger inner strength and even better physical health.( 不过，对人工智能表示感激所体现的价值可能并非是能够立即衡量出来的。心理学家罗伯特·埃蒙斯和迈克尔·麦卡洛开展了一项实验，他们将参与者分为三组，要求第一组列出他们所感激的事情，而其他两组则分别记录日常烦恼或只是进行日常日记记录。10周后，他们发现第一组的幸福感水平提高了25%，内心力量更强，身体状况也更好)”可知，第三段中的实验表明了感恩能增强我们的身体和心智。故选A。
【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He believed that regular acts f gdness, like giving charity and expressing gratitude, make us happier in the lng run by turning virtue int a habit.(他认为，定期的善举，比如进行慈善捐赠和表达感激之情，会通过将美德转化为习惯而使我们长期感到更幸福)”可知，迈蒙尼德认同每周到社区厨房做志愿服务的做法。故选D。
【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Shwing appreciatin, even tward a machine, reinfrces psitive habits f curtesy (礼貌), patience and empathy. In ur increasingly digital and autmated wrld, preserving these human qualities may be mre valuable than the cst f a few extra electricity. Ultimately, the beneficiary f ur pliteness isn’t the AI at all, but urselves.(向机器表达感激之情，哪怕只是向一台机器表示感谢，也能强化我们养成的礼貌、耐心和同理心等良好习惯。在我们这个日益数字化和自动化的世界里，保持这些人性特质可能比多消耗一些电能更有价值。最终，我们礼貌行为的受益者并非那台人工智能，而是我们自己)”可知，作者在这篇文章中主要传达了礼貌对人类有益，而非对人工智能有益。故选C。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Peple hate packaging. And, yes, there’s a lt f bad and wasteful packaging ut there.
___16___ When it cmes t prtecting and dispensing (分发) fd, the right package can greatly reduce waste. Here are a few examples.
Packaging keeps the meat fresh.
We thrw away a fifth f the beef we buy — the equivalent (等量) f 8 millin cws each year — ften because it ges bad befre we ck it. The slutin? ___17___ Case-ready packaging can lengthen that shelf life t up t 21 days. If the meat yu bught isn’t ging t be eaten within a few days, case-ready packaging is the better chice fr the envirnment.
___18___
This dairy waste can be avided with packaging technlgy such as Tetra Pak (利乐包装纸盒), which is cmmnly used in Eurpe and Asia t keep milk frm spiling, even withut refrigeratin. Recycled r nt, Tetra Pak is a gd envirnmental bet because it can lengthen the shelf life f milk up t nine mnths. ___19___ Once again, the envirnmental benefit f the fd-prtectin technlgy utweighs the harmful impact f the packaging itself.
Packaging Fixes Sticky Situatins.
___20___ One example f waste-reducing packaging is the cncept prject shwn frm designer Drew Stanley. He designed a peanut butter jar made f a sft material which can be turned inside ut and scraped (刮掉) clean, aviding sticky fd sticking t yur fingers.
A. Packaging prtects milk.
B. Using Tetra Pak packaging.
C. But packaging isn’t always the enemy.
D. We shuld pay attentin t the rubbish prduced by packaging.
E. Scientists have develped packaging that can keep refrigerated meat fresh fr weeks.
F. It can reduce the need fr refrigeratin and the amunt f milk that ges wasted.
G. Fd left behind in jars and bttles makes up a surprising amunt f waste.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正确的包装可以有效减少浪费。
【16题详解】空格前的句子“Peple hate packaging. And, yes, there’s a lt f bad and wasteful packaging ut there.(人们讨厌包装。是的，有很多糟糕和浪费的包装。)”说因为浪费，人们讨厌包装。而空格后的句子“When it cmes t prtecting and dispensing (分发) fd, the right package can greatly reduce waste.(在保护和分配食物时，正确的包装可以大大减少浪费。)”又说正确的包装可以大大减少浪费。由此可推知，观点发生了转变，故空处应该填转折句进行过渡。C项“But packaging isn’t always the enemy.(但包装并不总是环境的敌人)”填入空格处，符合文章行文逻辑。故选C项。
【17题详解】根据空格前的句子“We thrw away a fifth f the beef we buy—the equivalent (等量) f 8 millin cws each year—ften because it ges bad befre we ck it. The slutin?(我们扔掉了我们购买的五分之一的牛肉——相当于每年800万头牛——通常是因为它们在我们烹饪之前就变质了。解决方案?)”可知，空格处的句子应该提到防止牛肉变质的解决方案。所以E项“Scientists have develped packaging that can keep refrigerated meat fresh fr weeks.(科学家们已经开发出一种可以使冷藏肉类保持数周新鲜的包装。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选E项。
【18题详解】空格处是该部分的主题句。根据下文的内容“This dairy waste can be avided with packaging technlgy such as Tetra Pak (利乐包装纸盒), which is cmmnly used in Eurpe and Asia t keep milk frm spiling, even withut refrigeratin. Recycled r nt, Tetra Pak is a gd envirnmental bet because it can lengthen the shelf life f milk up t nine mnths.(使用利乐包等包装技术可以避免这种乳制品浪费。利乐包在欧洲和亚洲通常用于防止牛奶变质，即使没有冷藏。无论回收与否，利乐包都是一个很好的环保选择，因为它可以将牛奶的保质期延长到9个月。)”可知，该部分主要是说利乐包对牛奶的保护作用。所以，A项“Packaging prtects milk.(包装保护牛奶。)”填入空格处，可以作为该部分的主题句，符合语境。故填A项。
【19题详解】根据空格后的句子“Once again, the envirnmental benefit f the fd-prtectin technlgy utweighs the harmful impact f the packaging itself.(再一次，食品保护技术的环境效益超过了包装本身的有害影响。)”可知，空格处的句子应该表明食品保护技术的环境效益超过了包装本身有害影响的事实。所以，F项“It can reduce the need fr refrigeratin and the amunt f milk that ges wasted.(它可以减少对冷藏的需求和浪费的牛奶量。)”填入空格处，符合语境。因为冷藏需要能量，而浪费牛奶也是对环境有害。故选F项。
【20题详解】空格后的句子“One example f waste-reducing packaging is the cncept prject shwn frm designer Drew Stanley. He designed a peanut butter jar made f a sft material which can be turned inside ut and scraped clean, aviding sticky fd sticking t yur fingers.(设计师德鲁·斯坦利展示的概念项目就是减少废物包装的一个例子。他设计了一种用柔软材料制成的花生酱罐，可以翻转过来刮干净，避免粘稠的食物粘在手指上。)”提到了设计师Drew Stanley设计了一种新的方式来解决罐装食物的浪费，由此可推知，空格处应与罐装食品造成浪费有关。G项“Fd left behind in jars and bttles makes up a surprising amunt f waste.(留在罐子和瓶子里的食物造成了惊人的浪费)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was Mnday mrning. Since I was much busier than usual this past weekend, I felt extremely ____21____. And it was raining hard when I had t g t wrk. “This weather is ____22____ and s am I!” I cmplained.
As I stepped ut the ____23____, the wind twisted my umbrella inside ut. After I ran thrugh the cld dwnpur t the car, the engine ____24____ twice befre I culd back ut f the driveway. S I was damp and late fr wrk then.
____25____, twenty minutes later, I ____26____ t get ff the exit ramp (斜坡) t wrk and decided t stp at the shp fr a cup f cffee. The ____27____ f cars at the drive-thrugh stretched arund the parking lt, s I ____28____ it wuld be faster if I just gt ut and walked in. I sighed with ____29____ as I waited in line until I reached the cunter and rdered my favrite cffee. Then t my ____30____, I fund I left my wallet at hme.
“Hey, please ____31____ this gentleman’s cffee t my rder,” a vice came frm behind me. When I ____32____, a man smiled at me and said, “N ffence, but I’m already late fr wrk — it’ll be faster ____33____ if I pay fr bth ur cffees.” Then I fund his hair and his shes were wet, t. Really? This man, wh was in a similar situatin t me, was ____34____ me! Thanks t his genersity, I’ve learned t keep my internal ____35____ t a minimum and be grateful fr kindness that can cme in the mst unexpected places.
21. A. tiredB. sickC. wrriedD. nervus
22. A. criticalB. changeableC. awfulD. awesme
23. A. garageB. huseC. fficeD. supermarket
24. A. diedB. firedC. raredD. cughed
25. A. HnestlyB. GraduallyC. StrangelyD. Frtunately
26. A. failedB. managedC. attemptedD. happened
27. A. flwB. lineC. impactD. lcatin
28. A. insistedB. admittedC. figuredD. recmmended
29. A. reliefB. regretC. despairD. impatience
30. A. srrwB. cnfusinC. disappintmentD. embarrassment
31. A. addB. applyC. expseD. relate
32. A. std upB. turned arundC. stepped asideD. bent dwn
33. A. anywayB. thughC. therwiseD. smehw
34. A. lking up tB. getting thrugh tC. living up tD. reaching ut t
35. A. burdensB. dubtsC. cmplaintsD. cnflicts
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者周一早遭遇诸多不顺，买咖啡忘带钱包时获陌生男士相助，由此学会减少抱怨、感恩意外善意的故事。
【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过去的这个周末我比平时忙得多，所以我感到极度疲惫。A. tired疲惫的；B. sick生病的；C. wrried担忧的；D. nervus紧张的。根据上文“much busier than usual this past weekend”可知，忙碌的周末让作者身心俱疲。故选A项。
【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这天气太糟糕了，我也是！A. critical批评的；B. changeable易变的；C. awful糟糕的；D. awesme极好的。根据上文“it was raining hard” 和后文作者的抱怨语气可知，作者觉得天气很糟糕。故选C项。
【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走出家门时，风把我的伞吹得翻了过来。A. garage车库；B. huse房子；C. ffice办公室；D. supermarket超市。根据下文“ran thrugh the cld dwnpur t the car”可知，作者是从家里出发去上班。故选B 项。
【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我冒着冰冷的大雨跑到车旁，发动机熄火了两次，我才把车倒出车道。A. died熄火；B. fired点火；C. rared轰鸣；D. cughed发出噗噗声。根据下文“befre I culd back ut f the driveway”以及语境可知，这里指发动机启动不顺利，熄火两次后才启动，died表示“（发动机）熄火”，符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，二十分钟后，我成功驶下了通往工作地点的出口匝道，决定在商店停下来喝杯咖啡。A. Hnestly老实说；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Frtunately幸运地。根据前文作者遇到的一系列不顺，以及下文“get ff the exit ramp (斜坡) t wrk and decided t stp at the shp fr a cup f cffee”可知，此处是转折的幸运情况。故选D项。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，二十分钟后，我成功驶下了通往工作地点的出口匝道，决定在商店停下来喝杯咖啡。A. failed失败；B. managed设法做成；C. attempted尝试；D. happened碰巧。根据下文“decided t stp at the shp fr a cup f cffee”以及语境可知，这里指作者成功下了匝道，manage t d，表示“设法做成某事”，符合语境。故选B项。
【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：得来速（drive-thrugh）通道的汽车排起了长龙，绕着停车场蜿蜒不绝，所以我心想，不如直接下车走进去，这样应该更快。A. flw流动；B. line队伍；C. impact影响；D. lcatin位置。根据下文“if I just gt ut and walked in”以及语境可知，这里指开车买咖啡的队伍很长。故选B项。
【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：得来速（drive-thrugh）通道的汽车排起了长龙，绕着停车场蜿蜒不绝，所以我心想，不如直接下车走进去，这样应该更快。A. insisted坚持；B. admitted承认；C. figured认为，料想；D. recmmended推荐。根据上文“The f cars at the drive-thrugh stretched arund the parking lt”可知，由于汽车排队长，作者做出了下车进店更快的判断。故选C项。
【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不耐烦地叹了口气，排队等着，终于到了柜台，点了我最喜欢的咖啡。A. relief宽慰；B. regret后悔；C. despair绝望；D. impatience不耐烦。根据上文“The f cars at the drive-thrugh stretched arund the parking lt”以及语境可知，上文讲作者一早上的不顺，现在有遇到排队情况，所以猜测作者此时心情烦躁、不耐烦。故选D项。
【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后让我尴尬的是，我发现我把钱包忘在家里了。A. srrw悲伤；B. cnfusin困惑；C. disappintment失望；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据前文点了咖啡，以及下文“left my wallet at hme”可知，这里指作者没钱付账，处境尴尬。故选D项。
【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：嘿，请把这位先生的咖啡加到我的订单里。A. add增加；B. apply应用；C. expse暴露；D. relate关联。根据下文“if I pay fr bth ur cffees”可知，这位男士要帮作者付咖啡钱，把作者的咖啡加入自己的订单。故选A项。
【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我转过身来时，一个男人对我微笑着说。A. std up站起来；B. turned arund转过身；C. stepped aside走到一边；D. bent dwn弯腰。根据上文“a vice came frm behind me”可知，声音来自身后，作者需要转身才能看到对方。故选B项。
【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：无意冒犯，但我上班已经迟到了——反正我把两杯咖啡都付了会更快些。A. anyway反正，无论如何；B. thugh不过；C. therwise否则；D. smehw不知怎么地。根据上文“it’ll be faster ”以及语境可知，这里指他觉得反正帮忙付钱是更快捷的做法，anyway符合语境。故选A项。
【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个和我处境相似的人，竟然在帮助我！A. lking up t尊敬；B. getting thrugh t使理解；C. living up t不辜负；D. reaching ut t伸出援手帮助。根据上文“I pay fr bth ur cffees”以及语境可知，男士帮未带钱包的作者付咖啡钱，因此他在向作者提供帮助。故选D项。
【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他的慷慨，我学会了把内心的抱怨降到最低，并感激那些来自最意想不到之处的善意。A. burdens负担；B. dubts怀疑；C. cmplaints抱怨；D. cnflicts冲突。根据前文作者一早对天气和处境的抱怨，以及下文“be grateful fr kindness”感悟可知，这里指作者学会了减少抱怨，cmplaints是原词复现，符合语境。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China’s central prvince f Shaanxi, Xi’ an is primarily knwn ____36____ the Terractta Army. But the city wall, n this Saturday evening, is where all the actin is.
“The city walls tended t perfrm three main functins: defense, fld prtectin, and shw f imperial might,” says Kenneth Swpe, prfessr f histry at the University f Suthern Mississippi.
The Xi’an wall, ____37____(date) back t the Tang dynasty, is a famus landmark. The city wall ____38____(run) fr 13.7 km and measures 12 meters in height and 15 meters in ____39____(wide). Fur main gates face each directin, and there are 14 minr gates in between.
Swpe als says that the mre ____40____(pwer) the rulers, the higher and mre impressive the walls. This ____41____(certain) makes sense fr Xi’an (frmerly Chang’an), ____42____ imprtant city thrugh early imperial times, serving as capital fr the Han, Sui, and Tang ____43____(dynasty). Xi’an is als the starting pint f the netwrk f trading rutes knwn as the Silk Rad. It was a planned city, built with a wall surrunding it in a cmplete, rectangular(矩形的)shape. Even tday, fr sme, it is pssible ____44____(walk) the entire length f the wall ____45____ ges all the way arund the city withut a break.
【答案】36. fr 37. dating 38. runs 39. width 40. pwerful 41. certainly 42. an 43. dynasties 44. t walk 45. which/that
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了陕西西安的古城墙，讲述其历史渊源、建筑规模和功能意义，点明它与兵马俑齐名，是这座古都的重要地标。
【36题详解】考查介词。句意：在中国中部的陕西省，西安主要因兵马俑而闻名。固定搭配be knwn fr表示“因……而闻名”。故填fr。
【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：始建于唐代的西安城墙是著名的地标。此处作后置定语修饰The Xi’an wall，date back t与主语是主动关系，需用现在分词形式。故填dating。
【38题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这座城墙全长13.7公里，高12米，宽15米。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语The city wall是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填runs。
【39题详解】考查词性转换。句意：这座城墙全长13.7公里，高12米，宽15米。介词in后接名词，wide的名词形式是width，意为“宽度”。故填width。
【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：斯沃普还表示，统治者的权力越强大，城墙就越高耸、越壮观。“the + 比较级...，the + 比较级...” 表示“越……，越……”，此处用形容词作表语，pwer的形容词形式是pwerful。故填pwerful。
【41题详解】考查词性转换。句意：这对于西安（古称长安）来说当然是合理的，这座城市在早期帝制时代是重要的都城，曾是汉、隋、唐三个朝代的首都。此处修饰动词makes，需用副词，certain的副词形式是certainly。故填certainly。
【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：这对于西安（古称长安）来说当然是合理的，这座城市在早期帝制时代是重要的城市，曾是汉、隋、唐三个朝代的首都。imprtant city是可数名词单数，且imprtant以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词表示泛指。故填an。
【43题详解】考查名词复数。句意：这对于西安（古称长安）来说当然是合理的，这座城市在早期帝制时代是重要的都城，曾是汉、隋、唐三个朝代的首都。dynasty是可数名词，前面有three修饰，需用复数形式。故填dynasties。
【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即便在今天，对一些人来说，沿着环绕整座城市、没有断点的城墙走完一圈也是可以实现的。固定句型it is pssible t d sth.表示“做某事是可能的”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填t walk。
【45题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：即便在今天，对一些人来说，沿着环绕整座城市、没有断点的城墙走完一圈也是可以实现的。先行词是the wall，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，可用which或that引导定语从句。故填which/that。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分4分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校交换生 Mike 想加入一个社团，打算从“剪纸社(Paper-cutting Club)”和“中国诗歌社(Chinese Petry Club)”选择一个参加，特向你寻求建议。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 你的建议；
2. 说明理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I hpe yu’re settling in nicely at ur schl! After thinking abut yur ptins, I strngly recmmend the Paper-cutting Club.
As a freign friend, yu might find Chinese petry hard t appreciate due t language and cultural barriers. But paper-cutting is a hands-n craft — yu’ll learn basic techniques frm experienced teachers, create wrks like flwers and animals, and dn’t need advanced Chinese. It’s a fun way t experience traditinal Chinese art, make friends with peers wh share interests, and take hme unique suvenirs.
Hpe my suggestin helps!
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jane was a 10-year-ld girl with messy brwn hair. She lived with her hardwrking mm, a nurse wh ften came hme late. Jane tried t d everything by herself but always seemed t frget smething. Her strict science teacher, Mr. Jeff, ften gt angry with her fr being unprepared.
“Late again, Jane!” Mr. Jeff shuted ludly ne Mnday mrning as Jane rushed int class, her shes untied and bks falling frm her arms. “Where’s yur hmewrk? Still unfinished?”
Jane’s face turned red. “I... I did finish it this time,” she said quietly, searching her bag. Her heart drpped when she pulled ut a messy math paper instead. The class laughed.
That night, Jane sat in her rm, remembering hw embarrassed (尴尬的) she felt “I’ll prve I can d better,” she prmised herself. She stayed up late rganizing her schl things: ntes and a hmewrk reprt, Jane’s mm, cming hme late frm her nursing jb, nticed the extra effrt Jane was putting int her schlwrk. She asked Jane t g t bed early. But Jane said. “I really need t d well n this hmewrk. Mr. Jeff has been s strict, and I dn’t want t disappint (使失望) him again.” Her mm ndded, understanding the imprtance f Jane’s effrts. Finally, everything was ready. Jane set tw alarms (闹铃).
Unluckily, the next mrning the alarms didn’t ring, because Jane had set them wrngly. Her mm kncked n her dr and said, “Jane! The schl bus is cming sn!” In a hurry t eat breakfast, brush her teeth, and find her shes, Jane cmpletely frgt her schlbag by the dr.
When she reached the schl gate, Jane suddenly stpped. Her hands were empty. “Oh n! My schlbag!” she cried. She culd already imagine Mr. Jeff’s angry face.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, Jane saw her mm running twards her with her schlbag.
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As Jane walked in, Mr. Jeff lked up and said, “Late and n hmewrk again, Jane?”
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【答案】Just then, Jane saw her mm running twards her with her schlbag. Her mm held Jane’s schlbag tightly. “I am just abut t leave fr wrk when I ntice yur schlbag by the dr,” her mm said, handing ver the bag. “I knw hw imprtant it is fr yu tday.” Jane wiped her tears and hugged her mm tightly. “Thank yu, Mm!” she said, feeling a wave f relief wash ver her. With her schlbag safely in hand, Jane hurried int the schl building. She tk a deep breath befre entering Mr. Jeff’s classrm.
As Jane walked in, Mr. Jeff lked up and said, “Late and n hmewrk again, Jane?” “Srry I’m late, Mr. Jeff. I had sme truble with my alarms this mrning,” she said, placing her hmewrk n his desk. “My reprt is here.” Mr, Jeff checked Jane’s hmewrk carefully, and then said, “This is... very cmplete.” Fr the first time, his serius face sftened. “Gd jb, Jane.” Jane’s face lit up with jy. She felt a sense f accmplishment she hadn’t felt befre. “Thank yu, Mr, Jeff,” she said, her cnfidence grwing. Frm that day n, Jane was mre careful and rganized, knwing that with effrt and supprt, she culd vercme her challenges.