高考英语二轮-阅读7选5之说明文（专题专练）（全国通用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-阅读7选5之说明文（专题专练）（全国通用）（教师版），共70页。试卷主要包含了 【考查标题句】，【考查标题句】， B 17等内容，欢迎下载使用。

7选5说明文优选原则：根据高考的题型研究：词数：240--320左右；选项：严格按照由少到多排列，整齐有序。具有贴近生活的话题和积极意义的指导思想。填空位置：同时考查句首句、句中句和句尾句的是全面考查的佳品。
1.（2026·陕西省咸阳市高三一模） 【考查标题句】
体裁：说明文 词数：298 话题：创造力是可练习提升的技能 难度：★★★☆☆
D yu want t becme creative? Peple usually cnsider creativity t be a rare gift that nly geniuses pssess. 1 And like any f it, yu can practice and get better at it. S here are sme f the nt-s-exciting-but-als-really-imprtant things yu can d t be mre creative in yur wn life.
2
Creative geniuses are ften labeled as strange and unusual. And sure, smetimes they are. But usually, they’re nt.
Ernest Hemingway, ne f the mst celebrated American authrs, had a writing style admired by many, yet his life was rdinary. Fr mst f his literary career, he held regular jbs — first as a newspaper reprter, then an ambulance driver in WWI, and later a jurnalist — while creating his famus wrks n the side.
Fcus n ding the wrk, nt flashes f inspiratin.
3 As Einstein nce put it, “It’s nt that I’m s smart, I just sit with the prblems lnger.”
Charles Darwin is still cnsidered ne f the mst innvative scientists. But he never really had an “aha” mment abut natural selectin. There was n light bulb that went ff in his head. 4 Darwin studied cuntless different species f plants and animals acrss multiple cntinents fr several decades. He tk endless ntes, drew pictures repeatedly, traveled arund, talked t lcals and ther scientists, and then wrte in his jurnal abut what he saw — all slw, repetitive wrk withut any excitement.
Be bred, nt distracted.
Perhaps the mst bring way t be less bring and mre creative is bredm itself. Plat wrte that bredm is the mther f all inventin. Mdern sciety, with all its flashy devices, has gtten really gd at distracting us frm this bredm.
But in the right envirnment, it’s that very same bredm that fuels creative peple. 5
A．D “nrmal” things.
B．Besides, he was very hardwrking.
C．Engage in psitive and unusual activities.
D．Yet, in reality, it turns ut that creativity is a skill.
E．Instead, the prcess f his discvery is rather bring.
F．Creative peple dn’t “find” time but put in the time t be creative.
G．S, rather than turning away frm bredm, just use it t create smething.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文打破“创造力仅天才拥有”的固有认知，指出创造力是可练习提升的技能，并详细给出做普通事、专注踏实付出、利用无聊激发灵感这三种实用提升方法。
1．根据上文“Peple usually cnsider creativity t be a rare gift that nly geniuses pssess. (人们通常认为创造力是一种罕见的天赋，只有天才才具备。)”，以及下文“And like any f it, yu can practice and get better at it. (而且就像其他技能一样，你可以通过练习来提高它。)”可知，空格处需要转折，指出创造力是一种可培养的技能。D项“Yet, in reality, it turns ut that creativity is a skill. (然而，事实证明创造力是一种技能。)”起到承上启下的作用。故选D项。
2．根据下文段落内容“Creative geniuses are ften labeled as strange and unusual. And sure, smetimes they are. But usually, they’re nt.(创意天才往往被贴上古怪反常的标签。诚然，有时候他们确实如此。但多数情况下，并非这般。)”，以及海明威拥有普通工作、业余创作的例子可知，该段主旨是富有创造力的人也会做普通的事。A项“D “nrmal” hings. (做“普通的”事。)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为小标题。故选A项。
3．根据小标题“Fcus n ding the wrk, nt flashes f inspiratin. (专注于做事，而非灵光一现。)”，以及下文爱因斯坦的名言“It’s nt that I’m s smart, I just sit with the prblems lnger. (不是我有多聪明，只是我和问题相处的时间更长。)”可知，空格处应强调创造力需要投入时间付出努力。F项“Creative peple dn’t “find” time but put in the time t be creative. (有创造力的人不是“找”时间，而是投入时间去创造。)”符合语境。故选F项。
4．根据上文“But he never really had an “aha” mment abut natural selectin. There was n light bulb that went ff in his head. (但他关于自然选择的理论从来没有过真正的“顿悟”时刻，他的脑海里并没有突然灵光一闪。)”以及下文达尔文数十年研究不同物种、做笔记、绘图等枯燥重复的工作内容可知，空格处应说明他的发现过程是枯燥的。E项“Instead, the prcess f his discvery is rather bring. (相反，他的发现过程相当枯燥。)”衔接上下文。故选E项。
5．根据小标题“Be bred, nt distracted. (保持无聊，而非分心。)”，以及上文“But in the right envirnment, it’s that very same bredm that fuels creative peple. (但在合适的环境中，正是这种无聊激发了有创造力的人。)”可知，空格处应总结要利用无聊来进行创造。G项“S, rather than turning away frm bredm, just use it t create smething. (因此，与其逃避无聊，不如利用它来创造一些东西。)”符合语境。故选G项。
2.（2026·河北省沧州市一模）【考查标题句】
体裁：说明文 词数：274 话题：图书馆除了借阅书籍之外的多种功能和服务 难度：★★★☆☆
Whether yu visit regularly r yu’re new t using libraries, yu might be surprised t learn hw much they can d fr yu — beynd letting yu brrw amazing bks fr free. 1 Here are sme f the many things the library has t ffer.
Research and recmmendatins.
Librarians can help yu research a schl prject r paper, shw yu hw t d an Internet search, and guide yu t reliable surces f crrect infrmatin. They can als help yu find a bk yu’re lking fr, even if yu can’t remember the exact title. 2 Tell them what bks yu have enjyed, as well as subjects that interest and inspire yu. They can recmmend yur next read.
3
Besides bks, yu r an adult in yur family can als brrw and stream mvies, music, and TV shws with the help f library apps like Hpla and Kanpy — find ut which app yur library uses. There are als cmputers t use fr free and quiet znes where yu can d hmewrk withut distractins (分心的事). Yu may als find free r discunted printing and phtcpying.
Fun clubs and classes.
Many libraries hst free events fr yung peple. Yu can ask a librarian r check the library’s website fr a schedule f upcming activities and sign up with yur card. These can include teen bk clubs, gaming clubs, art wrkshps, makerspaces, and classes like chess and crafting (手工). 4
Vlunteer pprtunities.
Many libraries welcme vlunteer help frm kids. Yu can learn valuable skills, such as managing respnsibility and cmmunicating with thers. 5 Others need kids t vlunteer t read advance reader cpies f bks.
A．A multimedia center.
B．An essential library card.
C．Library is mre than a cllectin f bks.
D．Besides, librarians can make great bk suggestins.
E．Librarians als help peple with nline benefits applicatins.
F．These activities prvide entertainment and ffer pprtunities fr scializing.
G．Sme libraries ask kids t write bk reviews t help ther kids decide what t read.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．G
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了图书馆除了借阅书籍之外的多种功能和服务。
1．根据上文“Whether yu visit regularly r yu’re new t using libraries, yu might be surprised t learn hw much they can d fr yu — beynd letting yu brrw amazing bks fr free.(无论你是经常光顾图书馆，还是初次接触图书馆，你都可能会惊讶地发现，图书馆能为你提供的远不止是免费借阅精彩书籍这么简单)”以及下文“Here are sme f the many things the library has t ffer.(以下是图书馆所提供的众多服务中的部分内容)”可知，图书馆不仅仅收藏图书，还包括许多其他服务内容，C项“图书馆不仅仅是一堆书籍的集合”符合语境。故选C。
2．根据下文“Tell them what bks yu have enjyed, as well as subjects that interest and inspire yu. They can recmmend yur next read.(告诉他们你喜欢哪些书籍，以及哪些主题能让你产生兴趣并给你带来启发。他们可以为你推荐接下来要读的书)”可知，空后提到告诉图书管理员你喜欢的书和感兴趣的主题，他们能推荐下一本读物。D项“此外，图书馆工作人员还能给出很多不错的阅读推荐”符合语境，表明图书管理员能给出不错的书籍推荐。故选D。
3．根据下文“Besides bks, yu r an adult in yur family can als brrw and stream mvies, music, and TV shws with the help f library apps like Hpla and Kanpy — find ut which app yur library uses. There are als cmputers t use fr free and quiet znes where yu can d hmewrk withut distractins (分心的事). Yu may als find free r discunted printing and phtcpying.(除了书籍之外，您或者您家中的成年人还可以借助像霍普拉和卡诺普这样的图书馆应用程序来借阅在线电影、音乐和电视节目——请查明您所在图书馆使用的是哪个应用程序。此外，还有可供免费使用的电脑以及安静的区域供您用于做作业，不会受到干扰。您或许还能找到免费或打折的打印和复印服务)”可知，该段介绍了除书籍外，还能借助图书馆应用借阅和播放电影、音乐等，还可以免费使用电脑等。A项“一个多媒体中心”能很好地概括这一多媒体功能的集合。故选A。
4．根据上文“Many libraries hst free events fr yung peple. Yu can ask a librarian r check the library’s website fr a schedule f upcming activities and sign up with yur card. These can include teen bk clubs, gaming clubs, art wrkshps, makerspaces, and classes like chess and crafting (手工).(许多图书馆都会为青少年举办免费活动。您可以向图书馆工作人员咨询，或者查看图书馆的网站以获取即将举行的活动的安排信息，并使用您的借书证进行报名。这些活动可能包括青少年读书俱乐部、游戏俱乐部、艺术工作坊、创客空间以及诸如国际象棋和手工制作之类的课程)”可知，上文列举了图书馆举办的青少年书社、游戏俱乐部等免费活动，F项“这些活动既能带来乐趣，又能为人们提供社交的机会”对这些活动能带来娱乐和社交机会进行总结，符合语境。故选F。
5．根据上文“Many libraries welcme vlunteer help frm kids. Yu can learn valuable skills, such as managing respnsibility and cmmunicating with thers.(许多图书馆都欢迎孩子们提供志愿服务。通过参与这些活动，你可以学到很多有用的能力，比如学会承担责任以及与他人进行有效沟通)”可知，该段围绕图书馆志愿者机会展开，下文提到“Others need kids t vlunteer t read advance reader cpies f bks.(还有一些机构则需要志愿者来帮忙阅读提前准备好的书籍样本)”，G项“有些图书馆会要求孩子们撰写书评，以帮助其他孩子决定读什么书”与之结构呼应，介绍了一些图书馆让孩子写书评的志愿者活动。故选G。
3.（2026·贵州省高三模拟）【考查标题句】
体裁：说明文 词数：275 话题：户外自然元素融入室内的方法 难度：★★★☆☆
The biphilic apprach is a natural design philsphy that des mre than beautify. Whether it’s in ffices, healthcare facilities, residential twers, r schls, biphilic design ffers easy ways t cnnect with nature indrs. Here are fur ways t embrace the utdrs indrs using biphilic design.
1. 1
Make the mst ut f natural light t imprve md and energy levels, suggests NewsBytes. Natural light assists in sleep regulatin, bsts vitamin D and lwers the risk f seasnal affective disrder. 2 Yu can pen blinds and windws. Skylights and mirrrs als help bring mre sunlight int the hme and wrkspace. Fr rms withut windws, light therapy lamps that simulate (模拟) sunlight can be a gd slutin.
2. Incrprate (融入) water features.
As many peple have a strng cnnectin t water, it is a pwerful natural element in biphilic design. 3 Water can prvide mvement, sund, and even tuch, and the sft sund f water naturally calms the mind. Features with water, such as funtains r aquariums, may als help t reduce stress and anxiety.
3. Strategically place plants.
It is easy t fill a rm with plants, but using biphilic design requires an intentin regarding plant selectin and placement, suggests Hme & Texture. 4 This thughtful apprach transfrms an rdinary rm int a carefully decrated place that feels natural yet designed.
4. Use nature-inspired patterns.
Natural patterns, like thse seen in cean waves r tree leaves, may relax the human brain. By including these patterns in yur space thrugh art r fabrics, yu can create a sense f calm. 5 Anther idea is t place a carpet that lks like grass n the flr.
A．Maximize natural light.
B．Replace artificial light with sunlight.
C．Put these plants where yu can easily water them.
D．Since it can bring s many benefits, try t bring it indrs.
E．Water features are als imprtant because they are multisensry.
F．Make sure t think carefully abut which plants will wrk well in each rm.
G．Incrprating leafy-printed wallpaper is a simple way t bring nature int a rm.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．E 4．F 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亲生物设计理念，给出四种将户外自然元素融入室内的方法，帮助人们在室内联结自然。
1．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落小标题格式一致，应为祈使句。根据下文“Make the mst ut f natural light t imprve md and energy levels, suggests NewsBytes. (新闻字节网建议，要充分利用自然光来改善情绪和提升精力水平)”以及整段围绕自然光展开的内容可知，此方法的核心是最大化利用自然光。A选项“Maximize natural light. (最大化利用自然光)”符合小标题的格式要求，且能概括本段主旨，符合语境。故选A项。
2．根据空前的“Natural light assists in sleep regulatin, bsts vitamin D and lwers the risk f seasnal affective disrder. (自然光有助于调节睡眠、促进维生素D合成并降低季节性情感障碍的风险)”以及空后的“Yu can pen blinds and windws. Skylights and mirrrs als help bring mre sunlight int the hme and wrkspace. Fr rms withut windws, light therapy lamps that simulate (模拟) sunlight can be a gd slutin. (你可以打开百叶窗和窗户。天窗和镜子也有助于为家居和工作场所引入更多阳光。对于没有窗户的房间，模拟阳光的光疗灯是一个不错的解决方案)”可知，此空应承接前文自然光的好处，引出后文利用自然光的具体做法。D选项“Since it can bring s many benefits, try t bring it indrs. (既然它能带来这么多好处，那就试着把它引入室内吧)”中的it指代natural light，s many benefits对应前文提到的各项优势，且引出后文的具体措施，符合语境。故选D项。
3．根据空前的“As many peple have a strng cnnectin t water, it is a pwerful natural element in biphilic design. (由于很多人与水有着紧密的联结，水是亲生物设计中一种强有力的自然元素)”以及空后的“Water can prvide mvement, sund, and even tuch, and the sft sund f water naturally calms the mind. Features with water, such as funtains r aquariums, may als help t reduce stress and anxiety. (水可以带来动态、声音甚至触觉体验，轻柔的水声还能自然而然地让人内心平静。喷泉、水族箱这类水元素装置也可能有助于缓解压力和焦虑)”可知，此空应衔接前后文，点明水元素的特性。E选项“Water features are als imprtant because they are multisensry. (水元素也十分重要，因为它们能带来多重感官体验)”中的multisensry对应后文的mvement、sund、tuch等感官感受，符合语境。故选E项。
4．根据空前的“It is easy t fill a rm with plants, but using biphilic design requires an intentin regarding plant selectin and placement, suggests Hme & Texture. (家居与质感网提出，给房间摆满植物很容易，但亲生物设计在植物选择和摆放上需要有明确的目的性)”以及空后的“This thughtful apprach transfrms an rdinary rm int a carefully decrated place that feels natural yet designed. (这种用心的设计方法能把普通房间变成一个精心布置、兼具自然感与设计感的空间)”可知，此空应讲述植物选择和摆放的具体注意事项。F选项“Make sure t think carefully abut which plants will wrk well in each rm. (一定要仔细考虑哪种植物适合放在每个房间)”中的think carefully对应前文的an intentin和后文的this thughtful apprach，且围绕植物选择展开，符合语境。故选F项。
5．根据本段小标题“Use nature-inspired patterns. (运用受自然启发的图案)”以及空前的“By including these patterns in yur space thrugh art r fabrics, yu can create a sense f calm. (通过艺术品或织物将这些图案融入空间，你可以营造出一种宁静的氛围)”和空后的“Anther idea is t place a carpet that lks like grass n the flr. (另一个办法是在地板上放一块仿草皮地毯)”可知，此空应给出一个运用自然图案的具体例子。G选项“Incrprating leafy-printed wallpaper is a simple way t bring nature int a rm. (贴树叶图案的墙纸是一种将自然气息带入房间的简单方法)”中的leafy-printed wallpaper属于nature-inspired patterns，且与后文的anther idea构成并列的举例关系，符合语境。故选G项。
4．（2026·山东省济宁市期末）【考查段首句】
体裁：说明文 词数：251 话题：精准农业作为应对粮食与环境挑战的方案 难度：★★★☆☆
Our wrld faces a twfld challenge: feeding a ppulatin prjected t reach 10 billin by 2050 while minimizing envirnmental degradatin. Precisin agriculture (PA) emerges as a transfrmative slutin. 1 T put it precisely, it uses digital tls and real-time data t tailr farming practices-frm planting t harvesting. This data-driven apprach prmises nt nly higher yields but als greater sustainability, making it a crnerstne f mdern fd systems.
One example is the use f drnes equipped with multispectral sensrs t mnitr crp health. The drnes fly ver the fields and take high-reslutin phts and data in a variety f light wavelengths. Weaker plants shw clear differences in light reflectin when cmpared t healthy nes. 2 They can apply fertilizer, water, r pesticides just where they are needed instead f randmly ver their fields.
3 High upfrnt csts fr equipment and sftware can exclude small-scale farmers, particularly in lw-incme regins. Data privacy cncerns als arise as mre farm peratins rely n intercnnected digital systems. 4 Gvernments and private sectrs must invest in educatin and rural bradband expansin. Besides, cllabratins between tech cmpanies, universities, and farmers’ cperatives can help speed up innvatin.
As climate change intensifies, PA will play a critical rle in building a fd system capable f adapting t shifting weather patterns. Its ability t turn data int actinable insights may well determine whether we can feed future generatins withut sacrificing the health f ur Earth. 5
In a wrld where every decisin matters, there’s n better time t embrace this revlutin.
A．PA is nt withut its challenges.
B．It functins as a ne-size-fits-all apprach.
C．T vercme these challenges, jint effrts are needed.
D．Using the infrmatin, farmers can make fcused decisins.
E．It uses advanced technlgies t ptimize every aspect f farming.
F．By making data-dependent decisins, farmers can imprve prductivity.
G．In essence, PA isn’t just abut grwing mre; it’s abut grwing smarter.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍精准农业作为应对粮食与环境挑战的方案，其运作方式、实例、挑战及应对办法。
1．根据上文“Precisin agriculture (PA) emerges as a transfrmative slutin.(精准农业成为一种变革性解决方案)”以及下文“T put it precisely, it uses digital tls and real-time data t tailr farming practices-frm planting t harvesting.(具体来说，它利用数字工具和实时数据来定制从种植到收获的农业操作)”可知，此处应解释精准农业的运作方式，E选项“It uses advanced technlgies t ptimize every aspect f farming.(它利用先进技术优化农业的各个方面)”中的advanced technlgies呼应下文digital tls，every aspect f farming对应frm planting t harvesting，起到承上启下作用，符合语境。故选E项。
2．根据上文“The drnes fly ver the fields and take high-reslutin phts and data in a variety f light wavelengths. Weaker plants shw clear differences in light reflectin when cmpared t healthy nes.(无人机飞越田野，拍摄高分辨率照片并收集多种波长的光线数据。长势较弱的植物与健康植物在光反射上有明显差异)”以及下文“They can apply fertilizer, water, r pesticides just where they are needed instead f randmly ver their fields.(他们可以只在需要的地方施肥、浇水或喷洒农药，而不是在田里随机操作)”可知，此处应体现农民利用无人机收集的信息做决策，D选项“Using the infrmatin, farmers can make fcused decisins.(利用这些信息，农民可以做出针对性决策)”中的the infrmatin指代上文无人机收集的数据，fcused decisins呼应下文精准操作，符合语境。故选D项。
3．根据下文“High upfrnt csts fr equipment and sftware can exclude small-scale farmers, particularly in lw-incme regins. Data privacy cncerns als arise as mre farm peratins rely n intercnnected digital systems.(设备和软件的高昂前期成本可能会让小规模农民望而却步，尤其是在低收入地区。随着更多农业操作依赖互联数字系统，数据隐私问题也随之出现)”可知，此处应引出精准农业存在的问题，A选项“PA is nt withut its challenges.(精准农业并非没有挑战)”直接点出主题，总领下文的成本和隐私问题，符合语境。故选A项。
4．根据上文提出的成本和隐私挑战，以及下文“Gvernments and private sectrs must invest in educatin and rural bradband expansin. Besides, cllabratins between tech cmpanies, universities, and farmers’ cperatives can help speed up innvatin.(政府和私营部门必须投资于教育和农村宽带建设。此外，科技公司、大学和农民合作社之间的合作有助于加快创新)”可知，此处应提出应对挑战的办法，C选项“T vercme these challenges, jint effrts are needed.(为克服这些挑战，需要各方共同努力)”中的these challenges指代上文问题，jint effrts呼应下文政府、私营部门等多方合作，符合语境。故选C项。
5．根据上文“As climate change intensifies, PA will play a critical rle in building a fd system capable f adapting t shifting weather patterns. Its ability t turn data int actinable insights may well determine whether we can feed future generatins withut sacrificing the health f ur Earth.(随着气候变化加剧，精准农业将在构建能够适应天气变化的粮食系统中发挥关键作用。它将数据转化为可行见解的能力，很可能决定我们能否在不牺牲地球健康的前提下养活后代)”以及下文“In a wrld where every decisin matters, there’s n better time t embrace this revlutin.(在一个每个决定都至关重要的世界里，没有比现在更好的时机来拥抱这场变革了)”可知，此处应升华精准农业的意义，G选项“In essence, PA isn’t just abut grwing mre; it’s abut grwing smarter.(本质上，精准农业不仅仅是为了提高产量，更是为了智慧种植)”呼应上文feed future generatins withut sacrificing the health f ur Earth，同时引出下文对这场变革的倡导，符合语境。故选G项。
5．（2026·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测）【考查段中句】
体裁：说明文 词数：316 话题：拒绝会带来情绪波动 难度：★★★☆☆
Rejectin creates an emtinal rller caster (过山车). We feel the sadness, anger, and lss f the persn wh rejects us. 1 This is why getting ver a rejectin is challenging. While there is n quick fix, the fllwing suggestins can help us vercme the cnfusin and ease the pain f rejectin.
Use the pwer f breath. 2 And each ne affects the thers. Deep breaths help us absrb the feelings and restre a sense f calm. Mindful breathing is ne f the mst pwerful and accessible resurces fr self-regulatin, relaxatin, and verall well-being. We can als use breath t mve ur attentin frm disturbing thughts back t urselves.
Nte it dwn in a jurnal. Jurnaling prvides a safe place withut fear f misunderstanding. In mments f sadness and lss, the weight f emtins can be very great. 3 It allws us t explre ur thughts, feelings, and memries, prcess ur experiences and find relief in pain.
Learn t give t thers. The acts f serving and giving t thers are pwerful and helpful. When we supprt thers, especially during difficult times, smething within als starts t heal (愈合) and grw. 4 When we cnnect with peple wh are less frtunate, we start t realize that ur pain is less significant. Giving t thers als empwers us. It gives us a sense f self-wrth and mves us away frm the hurt.
Getting ver a rejectin is hard. Hwever, yur pain wn’t last frever. It is there t make yu grw. Everyne heals frm rejectin at their wn pace in their wn way. We are all suffering in ne way r anther at ne time r anther. We must have pity fr urselves and accept that reality. It’s imprtant t take yur time t deal with rejectin and t use the practices suggested t heal and mve n t the new pprtunities life presents us. 5
A．Our self-respect is hurt as well.
B．It is necessary t ffer and accept.
C．It wn’t be easy, but it will be wrth it.
D．Accepting thers’ ffer makes us feel hpeful.
E．It is cnnected t the bdy, emtins and thughts.
F．Writing serves as a pwerful tl t unburden ur inner selves.
G．Helping thers prvides us with a sense f purpse and deep satisfactin.
【答案】1．A 2．E 3．F 4．G 5．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出拒绝会带来情绪波动，克服拒绝不易，随后给出应对建议，如用呼吸之力恢复平静、写日记排解情绪、学会帮助他人，最后强调要慢慢治愈，这虽不易但值得。
1．上文“We feel the sadness, anger, and lss f the persn wh rejects us.(我们感到拒绝我们的人离去所带来的悲伤、愤怒和失落。)”描述了被拒绝时我们感受到的负面情绪，A选项“Our self-respect is hurt as well.(我们的自尊心也受到了伤害。)”进一步说明了被拒绝不仅带来情绪上的影响，还会伤害到我们的自尊心，与上文紧密相连，且与后文“This is why getting ver a rejectin is challenging.(这就是为什么克服拒绝是具有挑战性的。)”相呼应，解释了克服拒绝之所以具有挑战性的原因，符合题意。故选A。
2．下文“And each ne affects the thers. Deep breaths help us absrb the feelings and restre a sense f calm.(每一个都会影响其他。深呼吸帮助我们吸收这些感觉，恢复平静。)”说明了呼吸、身体、情绪和思想之间是相互影响的，且深呼吸有助于我们恢复平静，E选项“It is cnnected t the bdy, emtins and thughts.(它与身体、情绪和思想有关。)”概括了呼吸与身体、情绪和思想之间的联系，与下文紧密相连，符合题意。故选E。
3．上文“Jurnaling prvides a safe place withut fear f misunderstanding. In mments f sadness and lss, the weight f emtins can be very great.(写日记提供了一个安全的地方，不用担心被误解。在悲伤和失落的时刻，情绪的重量可能会非常大。)”说明了写日记的好处以及在悲伤和失落时情绪的重量，F选项“Writing serves as a pwerful tl t unburden ur inner selves.(写作是释放内心负担的有力工具。)”进一步说明了写作(写日记)的作用，即释放内心的负担，与上文紧密相连，且与后文“It allws us t explre ur thughts, feelings, and memries, prcess ur experiences and find relief in pain.(它允许我们探索我们的思想、感受和记忆，处理我们的经历，并在痛苦中找到解脱。)”相呼应，解释了写作如何帮助我们处理情绪和经历，符合题意。故选F。
4．上文“The acts f serving and giving t thers are pwerful and helpful. When we supprt thers, especially during difficult times, smething within als starts t heal(愈合)and grw.(为他人服务和给予的行为是强大而有帮助的。当我们支持他人，尤其是在困难时期，我们内心的一些东西也开始愈合和成长。)”说明了为他人服务和给予的好处，G选项“Helping thers prvides us with a sense f purpse and deep satisfactin.(帮助他人给我们一种目标感和深深的满足感。)”进一步解释了帮助他人给我们带来的好处，即目标感和满足感，与上文紧密相连，且与后文“When we cnnect with peple wh are less frtunate, we start t realize that ur pain is less significant. Giving t thers als empwers us.(当我们与那些不太幸运的人联系时，我们开始意识到我们的痛苦并不那么重要。给予他人也赋予我们力量。)”相呼应，共同说明了帮助他人的积极影响，符合题意。故选G。
5．上文“It’s imprtant t take yur time t deal with rejectin and t use the practices suggested t heal and mve n t the new pprtunities life presents us.(花时间处理拒绝，并利用建议的做法来治愈自己，然后继续前进，迎接生活赋予我们的新机会，这是很重要的。)”说明了处理拒绝和继续前进的重要性，C选项“It wn’t be easy, but it will be wrth it.(这并不容易，但它是值得的。)”总结了全文，强调了虽然克服拒绝并不容易，但是它是值得的，因为这将帮助我们成长并迎接新的机会，符合题意。故选C。
7选5说明文综合练
1.（2026·湖南省长沙市长郡中学月考（五））
体裁：说明文 词数：232 话题：纸质包装的弊端 难度：★★★☆☆
Sustainable packaging has becme a buzzwrd in recent years. Frm paper-based materials t bidegradable alternatives, the shift away frm traditinal plastics appears t be a step in the right directin. 1
One f the mst ppular alternatives t plastics is paper- based packaging. The lgic appears sund. 2 Hwever, the envirnmental cst f paper prductin is ften verlked. Cmpared t plastic, prducing paper packaging requires significantly mre energy and water. A study highlighted that paper bags require at least fur times mre energy t manufacture than plastic bags.
3 While many brands claim t use respnsibly surced r recycled paper, the glbal demand fr paper packaging still places immense pressure n frests. This pressure will cause t much tree cutting and habitat lss, harming wildlife. And the lss f trees will reduce the planet’s ability t absrb carbn dixide.
Mrever, paper-based packaging is usually heavier than plastic packaging. 4 Fr instance, trucks carrying paper packages use mre fuel, increasing emissins. This extra weight als makes lgistics (物流) mre challenging.
Therefre, the full life cycle f paper packaging shws its ec-benefits aren’t as clear as they seem. 5 This means fcusing n reducing waste first, making better waste management systems, and using sustainable materials in the best way. Only by ding all these things tgether can we cut dwn n envirnmental harm.
A．This can make transprtatin less efficient.
B．Hwever, beneath the surface lies a mre cmplex reality.
C．Therefre, many brands nw use paper-based packaging.
D．Its prductin requires fur times the energy f plastic bags.
E．The destructin f frests linked t the paper industry is anther cncern.
F．T achieve sustainable packaging cmpletely, we need a well-runded apprach.
G．Paper is bidegradable, recyclable, and can be btained frm renewable resurces.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．E 4．A 5．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨纸质包装作为塑料替代品的环保性弊端，指出可持续包装需采取全面综合的策略。
1．根据空前的“Sustainable packaging has becme a buzzwrd in recent years. Frm paper- based materials t bidegradable alternatives, the shift away frm traditinal plastics appears t be a step in the right directin. (可持续包装近年来已成为一个热门词汇。从纸质材料到可生物降解的替代品，摒弃传统塑料的转变似乎是朝着正确方向迈出的一步)”以及后文对纸质包装环保弊端的阐述可知，此空需要起到转折作用，引出看似环保的纸质包装背后存在的复杂问题。B选项“Hwever, beneath the surface lies a mre cmplex reality. (然而，表象之下隐藏着一个更为复杂的现实)”中的hwever表转折，承接前文“正确方向”的观点，又引出后文的详细论述，符合语境。故选B项。
2．根据空前的“One f the mst ppular alternatives t plastics is paper-based packaging. The lgic appears sund. (纸质包装是最受欢迎的塑料替代品之一。其合理性看似毋庸置疑)”以及空后的“Hwever, the envirnmental cst f paper prductin is ften verlked. (然而，纸张生产的环境成本往往被忽视)”可知，此空需要说明纸质包装看似合理的原因，即其自身存在环境成本。G选项“Paper is bidegradable, recyclable, and can be btained frm renewable resurces. (纸张可生物降解、可回收，且可从可再生资源中获取)”阐述了纸质包装的优点，契合前文“lgic appears sund”的表述，同时为后文的转折做铺垫，符合语境。故选G项。
3．根据空后的“While many brands claim t use respnsibly surced r recycled paper, the glbal demand fr paper packaging still places immense pressure n frests. This pressure will cause t much tree cutting and habitat lss, harming wildlife. (尽管许多品牌声称使用负责任采购或回收的纸张，但全球对纸质包装的需求仍给森林带来巨大压力。这种压力会导致大量树木被砍伐、栖息地丧失，进而危害野生生物)”可知，此空应是本段的主题句，点明纸质包装带来的森林相关问题。E选项“The destructin f frests linked t the paper industry is anther cncern. (与造纸业相关的森林破坏是另一个值得关注的问题)”概括了本段的核心内容，引出后文的详细说明，符合语境。故选E项。
4．根据空前的“Mrever, paper-based packaging is usually heavier than plastic packaging. (此外，纸质包装通常比塑料包装更重)”以及空后的“Fr instance, trucks carrying paper packages use mre fuel, increasing emissins. (例如，运输纸质包装的卡车会消耗更多燃料，增加排放量)”可知，此空需要说明纸质包装更重所带来的具体负面影响。A选项“This can make transprtatin less efficient. (这会降低运输的效率)”中的this指代前文“纸质包装更重”这一特点，且后文的例子正是对运输效率降低的具体阐释，符合语境。故选A项。
5．根据空前的“Therefre, the full life cycle f paper packaging shws its ec-benefits aren’t as clear as they seem. (因此，从全生命周期来看，纸质包装的生态效益并不像表面看起来的那样明确)”以及空后的“This means fcusing n reducing waste first, making better waste management systems, and using sustainable materials in the best way. (这意味着要首先注重减少浪费，完善废物管理系统，并以最佳方式使用可持续材料)”可知，此空需要提出实现可持续包装的正确方法。F选项“T achieve sustainable packaging cmpletely, we need a well-runded apprach. (要完全实现可持续包装，我们需要一种全面的方法)”中的a well-runded apprach对应后文的具体措施，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选F项。
2.（2026·浙江省诸暨市2月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：273 话题：预防皮肤癌的实用方法 难度：★★★☆☆
Keep Skin Cancer At Bay
“Yu have skin cancer.” N ne wants t hear such scary wrds. And unfrtunately, the number f thse wh hear them just keeps rising. The Wrld Health Organizatin (WHO) estimates glbal cancer rates will increase 77 percent by 2050. 1 By adpting a few healthy habits and making smart chices, peple can reduce their risk f develping skin cancer.
One f the mst imprtant ways is t limit yur expsure t UV rays frm the sun. UV rays are strngest between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., s it’s best t stay indrs r in the shade during these hurs. If yu have t be in the sun, wear prtective clthing. 2 These measures can shelter yu frm harmful radiatin and prevent sunburn, which is a majr risk factr fr skin cancer.
3 Chse a type with a sun prtectin factr f at least 30. It shuld prtect against bth kinds f UV rays that cause damage t yur skin. Apply it t all expsed skin, including yur face, neck, ears and hands, even n cludy days. Put it n every tw hurs r mre ften if yu’re swimming r sweating.
Regular skin checks are als key in the preventin f skin cancer. It is vital t examine yur skin nce a mnth fr spts, mles (痣) r grwths. Be n the lkut fr changes in size, shape r clr. Watch fr mles that have ne side that is different frm the ther. 4 If a mle is bigger than a pencil eraser r its appearance is changing, cnsult a skin dctr immediately.
Healthy skin is beautiful. 5
A．Lk at the size, t.
B．Beauty is nly skin deep.
C．Sunglasses that blck UV rays are als a must.
D．Prtecting it is ne f the best things yu can d.
E．Yu are bund t be free frm any skin prblems mentined.
F．Using sunscreen is anther imprtant way t prtect yur skin.
G．But the gd news is that it’s als ne f the easiest t prevent.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了预防皮肤癌的实用方法。
1．前文““Yu have skin cancer.” N ne wants t hear such scary wrds. And unfrtunately, the number f thse wh hear them just keeps rising. The Wrld Health Organizatin (WHO) estimates glbal cancer rates will increase 77 percent by 2050. (“你得了皮肤癌。”没人想听这么可怕的话。不幸的是，听到它们的人越来越多。世界卫生组织(WHO)估计，到2050年，全球癌症发病率将上升77%。)”提到皮肤癌发病率上升的严峻现实，后文“By adpting a few healthy habits and making smart chices, peple can reduce their risk f develping skin cancer. (通过养成一些健康的习惯并做出明智的选择，人们可以降低患皮肤癌的风险。)”转向通过健康习惯降低风险，此处需一个转折句衔接悲观事实与积极措施，因此G项“But the gd news is that it’s als ne f the easiest t prevent. (但好消息是，它也是最容易预防的(癌症)之一。)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，引出后文的措施，其中的it指代前文的skin cancer。故选G。
2．前文“If yu have t be in the sun, wear prtective clthing. (如果你必须在阳光下，穿上防护服。)”提到防护紫外线的衣物，后文“These measures can shelter yu frm harmful radiatin and prevent sunburn, which is a majr risk factr fr skin cancer. (这些措施可以保护你免受有害辐射，防止晒伤，而晒伤是皮肤癌的主要危险因素。)”解释防护措施的用处，此处应补充其他防护措施，因此C项“Sunglasses that blck UV rays are als a must. (能阻挡紫外线的太阳镜也是必需品。)”符合语境，和前文构成递进关系。故选C。
3．后文“Chse a type with a sun prtectin factr f at least 30. It shuld prtect against bth kinds f UV rays that cause damage t yur skin. Apply it t all expsed skin, including yur face, neck, ears and hands, even n cludy days. Put it n every tw hurs r mre ften if yu’re swimming r sweating. (选择防晒系数至少为30的防晒霜。它可以防止两种对皮肤造成伤害的紫外线。涂抹在所有暴露在外的皮肤上，包括你的脸、脖子、耳朵和手，即使是在阴天。每两小时涂抹一次，如果在游泳或出汗，则应更频繁涂抹。)”详细描述防晒霜的选择和使用方法，此处是总起句，需引入防晒霜这一新措施，因此F项“Using sunscreen is anther imprtant way t prtect yur skin. (使用防晒霜是保护皮肤的另一种重要方式。)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选F。
4．前文“Watch fr mles that have ne side that is different frm the ther. (注意那些一边和另一边不一样的痣。)”提醒注意不对称的痣，后文“If a mle is bigger than a pencil eraser r its appearance is changing, cnsult a skin dctr immediately. (如果痣比铅笔橡皮擦还大，或者痣的外观正在发生变化，请立即咨询皮肤医生。)”指出需及时咨询医生的是过大、外观有变化的痣，此处应补充注意痣的大小，因此A项“Lk at the size, t. (也要注意大小。)”符合语境，与前文并列关系。故选A。
5．前文“Healthy skin is beautiful. (健康的皮肤是美丽的。)”总结健康皮肤的状态，此处宜进一步强调保护皮肤的重要性，因此D项“Prtecting it is ne f the best things yu can d. (保护它是你能做的最好的事情之一。)”符合语境，承接前文，和前文存在因果关系，其中的it指代前文的Healthy skin。故选D。
3.（2026·安徽省马鞍山市第二中学期期中）
体裁：说明文 词数：273 话题：如何与孩子开展高质量对话的建议 难度：★★★☆☆
Parents f schl-aged children are all t familiar with the after-schl cnversatin that ges like this: “Hw was yur schl?” “Fine.” “What did yu learn?” “Nthing.”
1 Talking with children in the right way helps them understand the wrld, grw their vcabulary, build trust and learn hw t use language prperly. Believe it r nt, these cnversatins can even influence hw certain parts f a child’s brain develp.
The list belw details sme ways parents can start language building cnversatins t imprve children’s literacy and family relatinships.
●Listen actively. 2 It includes making eye cntact, stpping tasks at hand and repeating what they are saying, and what they may be feeling t make sure yu understand.
●Ask pen-ended questins. Try aviding questins that can simply be answered with “yes”, “n” r “nthing”. Open-ended questins usually begin with wrds like “Why, hw, describe…”, “Tell me abut…”, r “What d yu think abut…”. 3
●Try the “Strive-fr-Five” framewrk. This cnversatinal framewrk was develped by educatrs David Dickinsn and Ann B．Mrse. It aims t imprve cnversatins by encuraging parents and educatrs t strive fr five cnversatinal turns with children. Instead f the usual three t help kids build language skills. T try this, cntinue the cnversatin by asking fun pen-ended fllw-up questins r sharing anther thught. 4
●Make cnversatins part f yur daily life. If yu find it difficult t actively listen and have purpseful cnversatins at certain times, plan them when it’s easier. 5
By using any r all f these suggestins, yu can have mre meaningful cnversatins. Nt nly will they help kids understand language better, but they’ll als make family relatinships strnger.
A．Dn’t end it t sn.
B．Shw yur kids hw t be active listeners.
C．Mst children are t tired t talk after schl.
D．Fr example, talk while cking, cleaning r reading tgether.
E．These questins encurage children t think deeper and share mre.
F．Active listening means shwing real interest in what kids want t share.
G．But having quality cnversatins with kids is nt just abut learning hw their schl day ges.
【答案】1．G 2．F 3．E 4．A 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，就如何与孩子开展高质量对话给出具体建议。
1．根据空前一句 “Parents f schl-aged children are all t familiar with the after-schl cnversatin that ges like this: “Hw was yur schl?” “Fine.” “What did yu learn?” “Nthing.”(学龄儿童的父母对这样的课后对话再熟悉不过了：“今天在学校过得怎么样？”“挺好的。”“学到什么新知识了？”“啥也没学。”)”及空后一句“Talking with children in the right way helps them understand the wrld, grw their vcabulary, build trust and learn hw t use language prperly.(用正确的方式和孩子交谈，能帮助他们认识世界、扩充词汇量、建立信任并学会正确使用语言。)”可知，空前讨论了亲子间的无效对话；空后讨论了正确交谈的多重好处。故推知：第1空内容应起到转折过渡的作用，衔接“日常简单对话”与“高质量对话的深层意义”。选项G“But having quality cnversatins with kids is nt just abut learning hw their schl day ges.(但与孩子进行高质量的交谈，不仅仅是为了了解他们在学校的一天过得如何。)”符合原文内容。故选G。
2．根据空前一句“Listen actively.(积极倾听。)”及空后一句 “It includes making eye cntact, stpping tasks at hand and repeating what they are saying, and what they may be feeling t make sure yu understand.(这包括进行眼神交流、停下手中的事情、复述孩子所说的话以及他们可能的感受，以确保你理解了。)”可知，空前提出“积极倾听”的方法；空后解释了积极倾听的具体行为。故推知：第2空内容应是对“积极倾听”下定义。选项F“Active listening means shwing real interest in what kids want t share.(积极倾听意味着对孩子想要分享的内容表现出真正的兴趣。)”符合原文内容。故选F。
3．根据空前一句 “Open-ended questins usually begin with wrds like “Why, hw, describe…”, “Tell me abut…”, r “What d yu think abut…”.(开放式问题通常以“为什么、怎样、描述一下……”“跟我讲讲……” 或 “你觉得…… 怎么样” 这类词汇开头。)”可知，空前讨论了开放式问题的特点。故推知：第3空内容应是说明开放式问题的作用。选项E“These questins encurage children t think deeper and share mre.(这些问题能鼓励孩子更深入地思考并分享更多内容。)”符合原文内容。故选E。
4．根据空前一句“T try this, cntinue the cnversatin by asking fun pen-ended fllw-up questins r sharing anther thught.(要做到这一点，可以通过提出有趣的开放式后续问题或分享另一个想法来延续对话。)”及该段主旨句“Try the “Strive-fr-Five” framewrk.(试试 “五轮对话” 沟通框架。)”可知，空前讨论了“努力达成五轮对话回合”的具体做法。故推知：第4空内容应是强调不要过早结束对话。选项A “Dn’t end it t sn.(不要太早结束对话)”符合原文内容。故选A。
5．根据空前文“Make cnversatins part f yur daily life. If yu find it difficult t actively listen and have purpseful cnversatins at certain times, plan them when it’s easier.(让交谈成为日常生活的一部分。如果你发现在某些时候很难做到积极倾听和有针对性的交谈，那就选择更容易的时机进行。)”可知，空前讨论了将对话融入日常的建议。故推知：第5空内容应是举例说明日常可交谈的场景。选项D“Fr example, talk while cking, cleaning r reading tgether.(例如，在做饭、打扫卫生或一起阅读时交谈。)”符合原文内容。故选D。
4.（2026·河北省邢台市高三第三次月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：264 话题：介绍保持积极心态的重要性 难度：★★★☆☆
Staying psitive and uplifted in tday’s fast-paced wrld can feel challenging, but it’s nt nly achievable — it’s transfrmative. A psitive mindset fuels resilience (复原力), creativity, and verall well-being. Here are sme key strategies t help maintain an ptimistic utlk. 1
The peple yu spend time with and the envirnments yu engage in greatly impact yur md. Psitive and uplifting individuals can encurage yur grwth. Engage with cntent that inspires — bks, pdcasts, r scial media accunts that prmte jy and mtivatin.
Engage in uplifting activities
2 . Whether it’s exercising, meditating, listening t yur favurite music, r spending time in nature, these activities nurish yur sul and bst yur energy. Regularly devting time t these habits is like feeding yur inner psitivity engine.
Help thers
Nthing lifts the spirit like helping smene else. 3 . Vlunteering, ffering a listening ear, r simply sharing a smile nt nly uplifts thers but als enhances yur wn sense f purpse and fulfillment.
Limit negative media cnsumptin
While staying infrmed is imprtant, t much expsure t negative news r scial media can drain yur energy. 4 . Balance it with uplifting stries, humur, and creativity.
Fcus n slutins, nt prblems
When challenges arise, it’s easy t get bgged (陷入沼泽) dwn by prblems, Hwever, shifting yur mindset t fcus n slutins sparks creativity and empwerment. Ask yurself, “What can I learn frm this?” r “Hw can I make this situatin better?” 5 .
By fllwing the tips abve, yu set a fundatin fr sustained psitivity. Each small actin builds a mre uplifted, jyful, and resilient mindset.
A．D things that bring yu jy
B．Surrund yurself with psitivity
C．Practice mindfulness and psitive self-talk
D．Acts f kindness, big r small, create a chain effect f psitivity
E．This mindset can give yu a sense f cntrl and keep yur md cheerful
F．When negative thughts arise, cunter them with psitive, cnstructive nes
G．Prperly arrange yur media intake t include cntent that infrms but als inspires
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．G 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍保持积极心态的重要性，并列举营造积极环境、参与有益活动等策略，助力维持乐观心态。
1．根据下文“The peple yu spend time with and the envirnments yu engage in greatly impact yur md. Psitive and uplifting individuals can encurage yur grwth. Engage with cntent that inspires (你相处的人和所处的环境会极大影响你的情绪。积极向上的人能激励你成长。接触那些能带来启发的内容)”可知，本段核心是围绕“积极的人、环境和内容”展开，B选项“Surrund yurself with psitivity (让自己置身于积极的氛围中)”可概括本段主旨，既涵盖相处的人，也包含所处环境与接触的内容，适合作为段落主旨句。故选B项。
2．本段主旨为“Engage in uplifting activities (参与有益的活动)”，结合下文“Whether it’s exercising, meditating, listening t yur favurite music, r spending time in nature, these activities nurish yur sul and bst yur energy. (无论是锻炼、冥想、聆听喜爱的音乐，还是置身大自然中，这些活动都能滋养你的心灵，为你注入能量)”列举了锻炼、冥想、听音乐等能滋养心灵、提升能量的活动可知，我们要做一些让自己开心的事。A选项“D things that bring yu jy (做能让自己快乐的事)”与后文列举的各类有益活动相呼应，bring yu jy对应下文nurish yur sul and bst yur energy，符合段落逻辑。故选A项。
3．本段主旨为“Help thers (帮助他人)”，结合下文“Vlunteering, ffering a listening ear, r simply sharing a smile nt nly uplifts thers but als enhances yur wn sense f purpse and fulfillment.(参与志愿活动、耐心倾听他人，或是仅仅一个微笑，不仅能鼓舞他人，还能增强你自身的目标感与成就感)”提及志愿服务、倾听、微笑等善举的意义可知，此处应提到善举。D选项“Acts f kindness, big r small, create a chain effect f psitivity (无论大小，善举都能创造积极的连锁反应)”中的Acts f kindness与helping smene else、Vlunteering等内容高度契合，承接上文“帮助他人能振奋精神”，引出下文具体善举，衔接流畅。故选D项。
4．本段主旨为“Limit negative media cnsumptin (限制负面媒体信息摄入)”，下文“Balance it with uplifting stries, humur, and creativity.(用令人振奋的故事、幽默内容和创意作品来平衡它)”强调“用积极的故事、幽默内容来平衡信息摄入”，G选项“Prperly arrange yur media intake t include cntent that infrms but als inspires (合理安排媒体信息摄入，选择既能提供信息又能带来启发的内容)”既体现了对媒体信息摄入的规划，又呼应下文“平衡负面信息”的建议，符合段落核心逻辑。故选G项。
5．本段主旨为“Fcus n slutins, nt prblems (关注解决方案，而非问题本身)”，上文“When challenges arise, it’s easy t get bgged (陷入沼泽) dwn by prblems. Hwever, shifting yur mindset t fcus n slutins sparks creativity and empwerment.(当挑战出现时，人们很容易陷入问题的泥潭无法自拔。然而，转变心态、聚焦解决方案，能够激发创造力与能动性)”建议遇到挑战时转向思考解决方案，空处位于段末应陈述这种方法的作用。E选项“This mindset can give yu a sense f cntrl and keep yur md cheerful(这种心态能让你产生掌控感，保持心情愉悦)”中的This mindset指代前文fcus n slutins 的心态，承接上文的提问建议，说明该心态的益处，收尾段落细节，逻辑连贯。故选E项。
5.（2026·河南省新乡市月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：271 话题：介绍了匹克球这一热门球拍运动 难度：★★★☆☆
Pickleball, a ppular racket (球拍) sprt that mixes fun and fitness, has gtten attentin wrldwide — especially in grups wanting activities everyne can jin. 1 Created by a family entertaining guests n a weekend trip, it takes parts frm tennis, badmintn and table tennis, s new players can learn it easily even withut racket sprt experience.
2 The curt is like a badmintn curt. It is 20ft wide and 44ft lng fr dubles play, but it has a lwer net. The net is 34 inches high, while badmintn’s net is 5ft high. Players use wd r mixed-material rackets. These rackets are bigger than table tennis rackets. They als use a light plastic ball with 26-40 hles, which slw the ball’s flight. Games are usually dubles, but singles are cmmn t.
Pickleball’s inclusivity (包容性) is at the heart f its ppularity. 3 Families bnd ver friendly games, neighbrs becme teammates, and new players are welcmed with pen arms. The sense f belnging ges beynd the curt, with scial events, leagues, and turnaments fstering lifelng cnnectins.
Pickleball can be played in bth indr and utdr settings, but there are key differences between these envirnments that players must adapt t. Indr pickleball is typically played n a smaller curt with lwer ceilings, while utdr pickleball is played n a larger curt with wind and sun becming factrs. 4
Pickleball is fun and gd fr health. It helps peple chat casually and wrk tgether clsely during dubles games and imprves hand-eye crdinatin (协调) significantly ver time. 5 N wnder mre peple — busy parents, retirees, and even teens — are playing it!
A．Learn the basic, rules fr playing pickleball.
B．Many schls add pickleball t their PE curses.
C．It was invented in the United States in the 1960s.
D．What makes pickleball different frm ther racket sprts?
E．It als bsts heart health by keeping players mderately active.
F．It brings peple tgether, n matter their age, fitness level, r backgrund.
G．Remember t use the crrect equipment and adjust yur strategy t suit each envirnment.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了匹克球这一热门球拍运动，从其起源、场地器材特点、流行原因到健身与社交价值展开，展现了该运动适合各年龄段人群的优势。
1．根据后文“Created by a family entertaining guests n a weekend trip, it takes parts frm tennis, badmintn and table tennis, s new players can learn it easily even withut racket sprt experience.(这项运动由一家人周末出游招待客人时发明，融合了网球、羽毛球和乒乓球的特点，就算没有球拍运动基础，新手也能轻松上手)”可知，后文讲这项运动由一家人招待客人时发明，C选项“它于20世纪60年代在美国发明”交代诞生时间，衔接后文的发明背景，逻辑连贯。故选C。
2．根据后文“The curt is like a badmintn curt. It is 20ft wide and 44ft lng fr dubles play, but it has a lwer net. The net is 34 inches high, while badmintn’s net is 5ft high. Players use wd r mixed-material rackets. These rackets are bigger than table tennis rackets. They als use a light plastic ball with 26-40 hles, which slw the ball’s flight. Games are usually dubles, but singles are cmmn t.(这个场地就像一个羽毛球场地。它宽20英尺，长44英尺，适合双打比赛，但场地的网较低。网的高度为34英寸，而羽毛球场地的网高度为5英尺。运动员使用木制或混合材料制成的球拍。这些球拍比乒乓球拍大。他们还使用带有26至40个孔的轻质塑料球，这些孔会减缓球的飞行速度。比赛通常是双打，但单打也很常见)”可知，下文开始介绍匹克球的场地、球网、球拍和用球，都是它和其他球拍运动的区别，D选项“与其他球拍运动相比，皮克球有何不同之处？”问它和其他球拍运动有什么不同，引出下文内容。故选D。
3．根据上文“Pickleball’s inclusivity (包容性) is at the heart f its ppularity.(匹克球运动之所以广受欢迎，其根本原因在于其具有很强的包容性)”可知，前文核心是这项运动的包容性，F选项“它能让不同年龄、不同健康状况和不同背景的人们聚在一起”说无论年龄、体能、背景，它都能让人们相聚，正好对应包容性的特点。故选F。
4．根据上文“Pickleball can be played in bth indr and utdr settings, but there are key differences between these envirnments that players must adapt t. Indr pickleball is typically played n a smaller curt with lwer ceilings, while utdr pickleball is played n a larger curt with wind and sun becming factrs.(匹克球运动可以在室内和室外两种环境中进行，但这两种环境之间存在一些关键的差异，而运动员们必须适应这些差异。室内匹克球通常在较小的场地内进行，场地的天花板也较低；而室外皮克球则在较大的场地进行，此时风和阳光都会成为影响因素)”可知，前文讲室内外场地的区别和需要适应的点，G选项“请记得使用正确的装备，并根据不同的环境调整策略”说要选对装备、调整策略适应不同场地，承接前文的场地差异。故选G。
5．根据上文“Pickleball is fun and gd fr health. It helps peple chat casually and wrk tgether clsely during dubles games and imprves hand-eye crdinatin (协调) significantly ver time.(匹克球运动既有趣又有益健康。在双打比赛中，它能让人们轻松交流并紧密合作，而且随着时间的推移，还能显著提高手眼协调能力)”可知，前文讲运动好玩且有益健康，提升手眼协调，E选项“它还能通过让运动员保持适度的活跃度来促进心脏健康”说还能通过适度运动改善心脏健康，补充健康益处，衔接自然。故选E。
Passage 1（7选5说明文语篇练）
（2026·北京首都师范大学附属中学月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：370 话题：步行对健康的益处 难度：★★★☆☆
Walking is becming a ht research tpic amng health scientists. It’s arguably the mst accessible frm f exercise available t us and munting research shws it’s gd fr health. Walking three times a week nearly halves the recurrence f back pain accrding t research published in 2024, while anther study frm that year fund that hitting 10,000 steps a day lwers yur risk f heart disease.
1 In terms f burning calries and weight lss mre generally, the research unsurprisingly shws that walking is less effective than mre intense frms f exercise, like running r weightlifting. The amunt f calries yu can burn depends n a number f factrs, but the average persn gets thrugh a mdest 250 calries walking fr an hur at a mderate, unstrained pace.
If walking is the nly thing yu’re ding, it’s unlikely t mve the needle very far n the weighing scales. 2 A 2017 study in the Jurnal f Nutritin fund bese and verweight peple wh walked 2.5 hurs a week, alng with fllwing a diet, lst mre weight and fat mass than peple wh just fllwed the diet.
There are ways t step up yur walking, f curse. 3 The jurnal Obesity reprts that ut f peple n a lng-term weight-lss prgramme, the nes wh lst mre than 10 percent f their starting weight were clcking 10,000 steps a day at the 6-, 12-and 18-mnth intervals. Yu have t keep it up, in ther wrds.
Next, pick up the pace. 4 Exercise scientists class slw walking as light exercise, but increase yur effrts and it becmes mderate exercise, which is better fr yur heart, lungs and-muscles. Experts usually suggest that a pace f 5 km/h is mderate.
Anything else yu can d t make the walk harder will als increase the number f calries yu burn. Swinging r pumping yur arms is a gd example. 5 Walking up hills r n an incline (斜坡) can als dramatically increase the number f calries yu burn because it ramps up yur heart rate and the muscle activatin in yur legs. One study suggests that an incline f five percent increases the metablic cst f walking by 17 percent, while a 10-percent incline increases it by 32 percent.
A．S is walking n uneven land r int a headwind.
B．Yu can als walk ff excess bdy weight — t an extent.
C．Adding shrt jgging bursts during walks may bst calrie burning.
D．The mst bvius is distance — walk further and yu’ll burn mre calries.
E．Apparently, there’s a big difference between a gentle strll and a purpseful walk.
F．Wearing a smartwatch t track incline intensity culd ptimize walking efficiency.
G．Research shws that it can imprve the effects f a calrie-restricted diet, hwever.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．D 4．E 5．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍步行对健康的益处，以及提升步行减肥效果的相关方法。
1．根据上文“Walking three times a week nearly halves the recurrence f back pain accrding t research published in 2024, while anther study frm that year fund that hitting 10,000 steps a day lwers yur risk f heart disease.(根据2024年发表的一项研究，每周步行三次几乎能使背痛的复发率减半，而同一年的另一项研究发现，每天走10000步可以降低患心脏病的风险)”以及下文“In terms f burning calries and weight lss mre generally, the research unsurprisingly shws that walking is less effective than mre intense frms f exercise, like running r weightlifting.(更普遍地说，在燃烧卡路里和减肥方面，研究不出所料地表明，步行不如跑步或举重等强度更大的运动有效)”可知，空格处需要转折过渡，衔接步行的益处和其在燃脂减肥方面的局限性。B选项“Yu can als walk ff excess bdy weight — t an extent.(在某种程度上，你也可以通过步行减掉多余的体重)”既承接上文步行的好处，又通过t an extent引出下文步行在减肥上的局限性，符合语境。故选B项。
2．根据上文“If walking is the nly thing yu’re ding, it’s unlikely t mve the needle very far n the weighing scales.(如果你只靠步行减肥，那么体重秤上的数字不太可能有太大变化)”以及下文“A 2017 study in the Jurnal f Nutritin fund bese and verweight peple wh walked 2.5 hurs a week, alng with fllwing a diet, lst mre weight and fat mass than peple wh just fllwed the diet.(《营养学杂志》2017年的一项研究发现，每周步行2.5小时并配合节食的肥胖和超重人群，比单纯节食的人减掉了更多的体重和脂肪量)”可知，空格处应转折说明步行结合节食会有更好的减肥效果。G选项“Research shws that it can imprve the effects f a calrie-restricted diet, hwever.(然而，研究表明，它可以提升限制热量摄入饮食的效果)”中的it指代步行，imprve the effects f a calrie-restricted diet与下文步行结合节食的研究结果相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。
3．根据上文“There are ways t step up yur walking, f curse.(当然，有一些方法可以提升你的步行效果)”以及下文“The jurnal Obesity reprts that ut f peple n a lng-term weight-lss prgramme, the nes wh lst mre than 10 percent f their starting weight were clcking 10,000 steps a day at the 6-, 12-and 18-mnth intervals.(《肥胖》杂志报道称，在参与长期减肥计划的人群中，那些在第6、12和18个月时体重减轻超过初始体重10%的人，每天都走够了10000步)”可知，空格处应提出提升步行效果的第一个方法，且与步行距离相关。D 选项“The mst bvius is distance — walk further and yu’ll burn mre calries.(最明显的方法就是增加距离 —— 走得越远，燃烧的卡路里就越多)”中的distance和下文10,000 steps a day相呼应，符合语境。故选D项。
4．根据上文“Next, pick up the pace.(接下来，加快步伐)”以及下文“Exercise scientists class slw walking as light exercise, but increase yur effrts and it becmes mderate exercise, which is better fr yur heart, lungs and muscles.(运动科学家将慢速步行归类为轻度运动，但加大运动量后，它就变成了中度运动，这对心脏、肺部和肌肉更有益)”可知，空格处应强调步行速度不同，运动效果也不同。E选项“Apparently, there’s a big difference between a gentle strll and a purpseful walk.(显然，悠闲散步和有目标的快走之间有很大区别)”中的gentle strll对应慢速步行，purpseful walk对应加快步伐的步行，与下文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。
5．根据上文“Anything else yu can d t make the walk harder will als increase the number f calries yu burn. Swinging r pumping yur arms is a gd example.(任何能让步行变得更费力的方法都能增加卡路里的燃烧量。摆动或用力挥动双臂就是一个很好的例子)”以及下文 “Walking up hills r n an incline can als dramatically increase the number f calries yu burn because it ramps up yur heart rate and the muscle activatin in yur legs.(上坡或在斜坡上行走也能显著增加卡路里的燃烧量，因为这会提高心率，激活腿部肌肉)”可知，空格处应列举另一种增加步行难度的方法。A选项“S is walking n uneven land r int a headwind.(在不平坦的路面行走或逆风行走也是如此)”与上文的挥臂、下文的上坡行走并列，都是提升步行难度的方式，符合语境。故选A项。
Passage 2（7选5说明文语篇练）
（2026·山东省潍坊市期中阶段性检测）
体裁：说明文 词数：290 话题：微小的习惯将我们的住所从单纯的庇护所转变为舒适的港湾 难度：★★★☆☆
In a wrld that ften feels chatic, ur hmes shuld be a place where we can relax, recharge, and truly be urselves. But hw d we transfrm ur living spaces frm mere shelters int havens (港湾) f cmfrt? The answer lies in the pwer f micr-habits. 1 Yet when integrated int daily life, they have the ptential t create lasting changes in yur envirnment and well-being.
Making yur bed is ne f thse micr-habits. It nly takes a mment, but it gives yu a sense f cntrl and calms befre yur day even begins. When yu walk int yur bedrm later, it already lks mre put-tgether. 2 Want t make it even better? Mist yur pillws r sheets with a scent yu lve. Suddenly, yur rm feels like a luxury htel.
Here is a life-saving rule: If it takes less than a minute, just d it nw. This applies t s many things — putting yur shes away, cleaning the kitchen cunter, flding that blanket n the cuch. The beauty f this habit is that it stps small messes frm snwballing int verwhelming prjects. 3 Yur brain isn’t gradually stressed ut by the chas arund yu.
4 Just carve ut ne little crner that feels like yu. Maybe it’s a reading crner, yur favrite chair with a blanket, r a shelf with yur plants r bks. The pint is t have a space that makes yu feel at ease the secnd yu see it.
Creating a warm, calming hme desn’t have t be cmplicated r expensive. Every little habit matters when it cmes t crafting yur persnal asis (绿洲). 5 Yu’ll be surprised hw much better yur hme feels when yu give it a little intentin and lve.
A．Pair it with yur favrite music.
B．That little win makes a difference.
C．Everything can be dealt with in this way.
D．A cnsistently tidy space creates mental clarity.
E．Yu dn’t need yur entire hme t be picture-perfect.
F．Try starting with ne r tw habits, and build frm there.
G．These small yet impactful changes seem insignificant n their wn.
【答案】1．G 2．B 3．D 4．E 5．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何通过一些微小的习惯将我们的住所从单纯的庇护所转变为舒适的港湾。
1．根据下文“Yet when integrated int daily life, they have the ptential t create lasting changes in yur envirnment and well-being. (然而，当它们融入日常生活时，它们有可能对你的环境和福祉产生持久的影响。)”中的yet表示转折，可知空格处与下文是转折关系，说明这些微小的变化在单独看时可能并不显著。G项“这些微小却有影响力的变化本身似乎微不足道。”符合语境，其中“These small yet impactful changes”与下文中的“they”相呼应，“seem insignificant n their wn”与下文中的“create lasting changes”形成对比。故选G。
2．根据上文“Making yur bed is ne f thse micr-habits. It nly takes a mment, but it gives yu a sense f cntrl and calms befre yur day even begins. When yu walk int yur bedrm later, it already lks mre put-tgether. (整理床铺就是这些微习惯之一。它只需要一会儿时间，但在你的一天开始之前，它就能给你一种掌控感和平静感。当你稍后走进卧室时，它已经看起来更加整洁了。)”可知，整理床铺这个微习惯能给人带来一种掌控感和平静感，让卧室看起来更整洁，因此空格处应说明这种小小的成功带来的影响，B项“那个小小的成功会带来不同。”符合语境，其中“That little win”指代上文中的整理床铺这个微习惯带来的成功。故选B。
3．根据上文“Here is a life-saving rule: If it takes less than a minute, just d it nw. This applies t s many things — putting yur shes away, cleaning the kitchen cunter, flding that blanket n the cuch. The beauty f this habit is that it stps small messes frm snwballing int verwhelming prjects. (这里有一个救命法则：如果一件事花不到一分钟，那就现在做。这适用于很多事情——把鞋子收起来，清理厨房台面，把沙发上的毯子叠好。这个习惯的美妙之处在于，它能阻止小混乱像滚雪球一样变成压倒性的大项目。)”以及下文“Yur brain isn’t gradually stressed ut by the chas arund yu.(你的大脑不会因为周围的混乱而逐渐感到压力。)”可知，这个习惯能阻止小混乱变成大项目，此处说明这个习惯对人的心理状态的影响，D项“一个持续整洁的空间能让人头脑清晰。”符合语境，其中“A cnsistently tidy space”指代上文中提到的通过微习惯保持的整洁环境，“creates mental clarity”说明这种环境对人的心理状态产生的积极影响。故选D。
4．根据下文“Just carve ut ne little crner that feels like yu. Maybe it’s a reading crner, yur favrite chair with a blanket, r a shelf with yur plants r bks. The pint is t have a space that makes yu feel at ease the secnd yu see it. (只要开辟出一个让你感觉像自己的小角落。也许是一个阅读角，你最喜欢的椅子上搭着一条毯子，或者是一个放着你的植物或书的架子。关键是要有一个一看到就让你感到放松的空间。)”可知，本段主要说明不需要整个家都完美无缺，只要有一个让自己感到放松的小角落即可，E项“你不需要你的整个家都完美无缺。”符合语境，引出下文。故选E。
5．根据上文“Creating a warm, calming hme desn’t have t be cmplicated r expensive. Every little habit matters when it cmes t crafting yur persnal asis (绿洲). (创造一个温暖、宁静的家并不一定要复杂或昂贵。在打造你的个人绿洲时，每一个小习惯都很重要。)”可知，创造一个温暖宁静的家并不复杂也不昂贵，每一个小习惯都很重要，因此空格处应建议读者从一两个习惯开始尝试，F项“试着从一两个习惯开始，然后在此基础上逐步增加。”符合语境，承接上文。故选F。
Passage 3（7选5说明文语篇练）
（2026·河北省沧州市盐山县盐山中学一模）
体裁：说明文 词数：287 话题：中暑预防和治疗建议 难度：★★★☆☆
Summer ften brings mre utdr time, schl breaks, and a laid-back atmsphere fr many f us. 1 . Here are sme scientifically supprted tips n preventing and treating heatstrke.
As reprted by ur climate team befre, frm June t August, warmer-than-average cnditins are likely in much f the cuntry. Many states are expected t see recrd-breaking temperatures. 2 , cnstant expsure t heat can bring a variety f lng-term health issues. Cntinuus expsure t heat ver days and years can weaken the heart and kidneys, disturb sleep patterns, and pse challenges t mental health.
T safeguard yurself, allw yur bdy time t adapt t the heat. Accrding t Rebecca Stearns, the chief perating fficer f the Crey Stringer Institute at the University f Cnnecticut, the initial 10 t 15 days f engaging in any new activity in a warm envirnment are crucial. 3 .
Als, avid utdr exercise r ther activities. If it can’t be avided, taking breaks frm the heat during heatwaves, even fr a few hurs, can ffer prtectin. Althugh air cnditining and electric fans are helpful, they may nt be accessible during pwer failure. In such cases, wetting the skin with water r visiting cmmunity-designated cling centers can be effective alternatives.
4 . Learn t identify the signs f heatstrke in yurself and thers. Stearns pinted ut that feeling unwell, weak, r cnfused are all “red flags”. Other signs t watch fr in yurself and thers include walking unsteadily, cllapsing, r having difficulty crdinating (协调) mvements.
Experts recmmend immediate cling if heatstrke is suspected, even befre a full diagnsis. 5 . Cld water immersin (浸没), where yur entire bdy is put in iced water, is als a primary treatment methd fr heatstrke.
A．Sme peple intend t have a cl summer
B．It’s vital t be aware f the warning signs in peple
C．In this perid, activities shuld be carried ut gradually
D．Because keeping drinking and lcking water is essential
E．Hwever, it als brings extreme heat and seasnal depressin
F．Yu can apply ice wrapped in twels t areas like the neck r frehead
G．While extreme heat’s immediate threat t human health draws much attentin
【答案】1．E 2．G 3．C 4．B 5．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了夏季高温可能带来的健康风险，并从身体适应、避免高温活动、识别中暑症状及紧急降温等方面，给出了科学的中暑预防和治疗建议。
1．上文“Summer ften brings mre utdr time, schl breaks, and a laid-back atmsphere fr many f us. (夏季对我们许多人而言，往往意味着更多的户外活动时间、学校假期以及轻松惬意的氛围。)”提到夏天带来户外活动、假期和轻松氛围，下文“Here are sme scientifically supprted tips n preventing and treating heatstrke. (以下是一些有科学依据的预防和治疗中暑的建议。)”转而讲预防和治疗中暑的科学建议，说明此处需转折引出高温问题。E项“Hwever, it als brings extreme heat and seasnal depressin( 然而，夏季也会带来极端高温和季节性抑郁。)”中“Hwever”表转折，“extreme heat”直接衔接下文“heatstrke”，逻辑连贯。故选E。
2．前句“Many states are expected t see recrd-breaking temperatures. (许多州预计将出现破纪录的高温。)”提到许多州将迎来破纪录高温，后句“cnstant expsure t heat can bring a variety f lng-term health issues (长期暴露在高温下会引发多种长期健康问题)”强调持续暴露在高温中会带来长期的健康问题。G项“While extreme heat’s immediate threat t human health draws much attentin (尽管极端高温对人类健康的直接威胁备受关注)”中“immediate threat”与下文“lng-term health issues”形成对比，用“While”引出让步关系，符合上下文逻辑。故选G。
3．本段核心建议是让身体有时间适应高温，前句“Accrding t Rebecca Stearns, the chief perating fficer f the Crey Stringer Institute at the University f Cnnecticut, the initial 10 t 15 days f engaging in any new activity in a warm envirnment are crucial. (康涅狄格大学科里·斯特林研究所的首席运营官丽贝卡·斯蒂恩斯表示，在温暖环境中进行任何新活动的最初10到15天至关重要。)”提到在温暖环境中开始新活动的前10至15天至关重要。C项“In this perid, activities shuld be carried ut gradually (在此期间，活动应循序渐进地开展。)”呼应上文“initial 10 t 15 days”，强调循序渐进，与适应高温的主题一致。故选C。
4．下文“Learn t identify the signs f heatstrke in yurself and thers. Stearns pinted ut that feeling unwell, weak, r cnfused are all “red flags”. (学会识别自己和他人中暑的迹象也很重要。斯蒂恩斯指出，感到不适、虚弱或困惑都是“危险信号”。)”提到学会识别自己和他人中暑的症状，并列举“不适、虚弱、困惑”等“危险信号”。B项“It’s vital t be aware f the warning signs in peple (留意人们身上的预警信号至关重要。)”中“warning signs”直接对应下文“signs”，引出症状识别的内容，因此符合语境，故选B。
5．空前“Experts recmmend immediate cling if heatstrke is suspected, even befre a full diagnsis. (专家建议，如果怀疑是中暑，即使尚未完全确诊，也应立即采取降温措施。)”讲怀疑中暑时立即降温，后句“Cld water immersin (浸没), where yur entire bdy is put in iced water, is als a primary treatment methd fr heatstrke. (将全身浸入冰水中进行冷水浸泡，也是治疗中暑的主要方法之一。)”提到冷水浸泡是主要治疗方法。F项“Yu can apply ice wrapped in twels t areas like the neck r frehead (你可以用毛巾包裹冰块，敷在颈部或额头等部位)”提供了具体的降温措施，与上文“immediate cling”呼应，且是冷水浸泡之外的补充方法。故选F。
Passage 4（7选5说明文语篇练）
（2026·江苏省淮阴中学期中调研测试）
体裁：说明文 词数：247 话题：提高青少年阅读积极性的一些课堂教学方法 难度：★★★☆☆
Finding classrm strategies t supprt yung peple’s reading mtivatin can be challenging. 1 T avid the guesswrk, yu are ffered sme effective methds fr yur pupils.
Set up bk clubs. Discussing bks in small grups can be a great way t encurage yung peple t engage with reading activities. 2 Instead, it becmes smething that can be shared with thers. Talking abut bks can als encurage yung peple t understand texts better. Shared activities like this build excitement abut bks.
3 A cmmn idea is that having access t technlgy wrks against reading fr pleasure, but it can be beneficial. Fr example, e-bks and nline reading can be mre cnvenient fr yung peple. Online reading frums can als supprt yung peple t find bk recmmendatins. Shrt vides fr class-assigned bks even benefits students greatly.
Organize spken wrd activities. Reading is nt just abut fllwing a series f wrds n a page; it’s abut engaging with a stry. Reading alud can encurage yung peple t feel mre cnfident abut their reading skills. Perfrmance can als play an imprtant rle in helping yung peple feel mre cnnected t a text by bringing bks t life. 4
Fcus n literacy skills(读写技能). 5 Hwever, imprving literacy skills can make reading a mre enjyable experience. Fr example, develp reading cmprehensin and strategies fr engagement with students’ desired texts. Classrm activities shuld get students interested in texts and talking abut them with peers. These experiences will als help them becme curius readers.
A．Make full use f technlgy.
B．Exchange reading materials nline.
C．Reading is n mre a lnely pursuit fr students.
D．Parents had better lk fr the mst effective ways.
E．Yung peple at all literacy levels can read fr pleasure.
F．Yu might be using a bit f trial-and-errr t find ut what wrks best.
G．It culd be especially imprtant fr thse having negative attitudes twards bks.
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．G 5．E
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了提高青少年阅读积极性的一些课堂教学方法。
1．前文“Finding classrm strategies t supprt yung peple’s reading mtivatin can be challenging.(寻找能够激发青少年阅读积极性的课堂教学方法可能颇具难度)”说明激发青少年阅读积极性颇具难度，后文“T avid the guesswrk, yu are ffered sme effective methds fr yur pupils.(为了避免猜测，我们为你的学生提供了一些行之有效的方法)”引出下文方法，同时提出，老师在培养阅读积极性时会难以避免猜测，F选项“你可能是在不断尝试中摸索出最佳方案。”表示老师在猜测、探索中找到最佳方案，符合上下文语境。故选F。
2．前文“Discussing bks in small grups can be a great way t encurage yung peple t engage with reading activities.(以小组形式讨论书籍是一种很好的方式，能够激励年轻人积极参与阅读活动)”表示可以组织小组形式谈论书籍，后文“Instead, it becmes smething that can be shared with thers.(相反，它变成了可以与他人分享的东西)”表示谈论可以与别人分享，且前后文通过Instead意思相反，C选项“对于学生而言，阅读已不再是一种孤独的活动了。”符合语境，将前文单独阅读和小组讨论的对比。故选C。
3．后文“A cmmn idea is that having access t technlgy wrks against reading fr pleasure, but it can be beneficial.(一种普遍的观点认为，拥有科技设备会妨碍人们进行纯粹的阅读活动，但实际上这可能反而对阅读有益)”可知，本段介绍了应利用科技设备辅助阅读，会带来好处，且本句为段落首句，为祈使句，A选项“充分利用科技。”符合本段主旨。故选A。
4．前文“Perfrmance can als play an imprtant rle in helping yung peple feel mre cnnected t a text by bringing bks t life.(此外，表演也能在很大程度上帮助年轻人更好地理解文本，因为它能让书籍变得生动起来，从而增强他们与文本之间的联系感)”表示应将阅读的内容用语言形式表达出来，会变得生动，G选项“这对于那些对书籍持有负面看法的人来说可能尤为重要。”补充说明指出尤其针对讨厌阅读的人特别有效。故选G。
5．前文“Fcus n literacy skills(读写技能).(注重读写能力的培养)”表明应注重能力培养，后文“Hwever, imprving literacy skills can make reading a mre enjyable experience.(然而，提高读写技能能够使阅读过程变得更加有趣)”表示提高读写能力帮助阅读更有趣，E选项“在各个读写水平上的青少年都能因兴趣而阅读。”表示孩子会处于兴趣阅读，其中literacy levels与前文literacy skills呼应，且引出后文“提高能力会反过来增加兴趣”的观点，语境一致。故选E。
Passage 5（7选5说明文语篇练）
（2026·甘肃省张掖市多校高三期末）
体裁：说明文 词数：273 话题：互联网对现代生活的深远影响 难度：★★★☆☆
The Internet has becme a key part f mdern life. It changes hw we wrk, talk t thers, and even hw we think. Mst peple ntice its clear benefits, but its influence ges further, affecting parts f life we might nt think abut at first. 1
One big impact is n hw we learn. In the past, students mstly used textbks and in-persn classes. Tday, the Internet has lts f nline curses, interactive guides, and virtual study grups. Rich nline learning resurces have changed the traditinal learning mde. The flexibility lets learners study at their wn speed. 2 Besides, this new way f learning nt nly makes their learning better but als helps them learn self-discipline.
Anther area the Internet has changed is building cmmunities. Befre the digital age, cmmunities were ften limited by where peple lived. Peple cnnected with neighbrs, classmates, r cwrkers wh lived r wrked nearby. 3 Online cmmunities help peple feel cnnected, even when they are far apart.
4 Many peple use it t try new hbbies, learn useful skills, r get emtinal supprt. It prvides peple with resurces and supprt that imprve their grwth. Fr example, a teenager wh feels anxius might find cmfrt in an nline supprt grup.
Hwever, the Internet’s influence isn’t all psitive. It may reduce real-life scial interactins—t much nline time cuts dwn n face-t-face talks, which matter fr strng relatinships. Als, t much nline infrmatin is verwhelming, making it hard t tell reliable frm unreliable nes. 5 The key is t use it carefully; balance nline and ffline time, check infrmatin’s truthfulness, and fcus n meaningful cnnectins t maximize benefits and avid drawbacks.
A．Even s, it remains a pwerful tl.
B．The Internet als helps with persnal grwth.
C．The Internet has brken these gegraphic limits.
D．Frm learning t cmmunity-building, it plays a rle in many aspects.
E．Online cmmunicatin ften lacks the warmth f face-t-face interactins.
F．Many students nw prefer nline learning t traditinal classrm learning.
G．They can review a difficult pint at midnight, r take a curse frm a university far away.
【答案】1．D 2．G 3．C 4．B 5．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讨论了互联网对现代生活的深远影响，包括学习方式、社区构建和个人成长等方面，同时也指出了互联网带来的潜在问题，如减少面对面交流和信息过载等。文章最后强调了合理使用互联网的重要性。
1．前文“Mst peple ntice its clear benefits, but its influence ges further, affecting parts f life we might nt think abut at first.(大多数人都能看到其明显的益处，但其影响力远不止于此，它还影响到了我们起初可能未曾想到的一些方面的生活。)”提到互联网的影响深远，触及“我们可能未首先想到的生活部分”，设空句紧跟其后，应是继续此话题；后文第二段“One big impact is n hw we learn.(其中一个重大影响在于它对我们学习方式的影响。)”开始讨论学习影响，由此推知，设空句在承接“互联网影响”话题的同时，还起到引领后文的作用。选项D“Frm learning t cmmunity-building, it plays a rle in many aspects.(从学习到社区建设，它在许多方面发挥作用。)”概括了互联网的广泛影响，为下文具体内容“学习和社区建设”做铺垫，贴合语境。故选D项。
2．前文“The flexibility lets learners study at their wn speed.(这种灵活性使得学习者能够按照自己的节奏进行学习。)”提到了“灵活性”，设空句紧跟其后，应就“灵活性”进行详细解释。选项G“They can review a difficult pint at midnight, r take a curse frm a university far away.(他们可以在午夜时分重温某个难点的知识，或者参加来自遥远大学的课程学习。)”具体讲述了“灵活性”，与前文衔接紧密。故选G项。
3．前文“Befre the digital age, cmmunities were ften limited by where peple lived. Peple cnnected with neighbrs, classmates, r cwrkers wh lived r wrked nearby.(在数字化时代到来之前，社区的范围往往受限于人们的居住地。人们会与居住或工作在附近的人建立联系，比如邻居、同学或者同事。)”提到了传统社区受地理位置限制，而后文“Online cmmunities help peple feel cnnected, even when they are far apart.(网络社区能让人们即使身处异地也能感受到彼此的联系。)”指出在线社区帮助远距离连接。由此推知，设空句应是转折破题句，点明互联网打破了这种限制，从而引出下文。选项C“The Internet has brken these gegraphic limits.(互联网打破了这些地域限制。)”符合分析，且“these gegraphic limits”指代前文的地域约束，代词衔接精准。故选C项。
4．设空句为该段的首句，应是该段的主旨内容。根据后文“Many peple use it t try new hbbies, learn useful skills, r get emtinal supprt. It prvides peple with resurces and supprt that imprve their grwth.(许多人利用它来尝试新的爱好、学习实用技能或者寻求情感上的慰藉。它为人们提供了有助于自身成长的资源和支持。)”讲到了“培养新爱好、学习技能、获得情感支持”等内容，因此可推知该段的主旨为“互联网对个人成长的助力”。选项B“The Internet als helps with persnal grwth.(互联网还有助于个人的成长。)”符合分析，贴合语境。故选B项。
5．前文“Hwever, the Internet’s influence isn’t all psitive.(然而，互联网的影响并非全是积极的。)”提出了互联网的负面影响，并进行了详细阐述；而设空后文“The key is t use it carefully; balance nline and ffline time, check infrmatin’s truthfulness, and fcus n meaningful cnnectins t maximize benefits and avid drawbacks.(关键在于要谨慎使用它；要平衡线上和线下的时间，核实信息的真实性，并注重建立有意义的联系，以最大程度地获取益处并避免弊端。)”提出“谨慎使用”的建议。由此推知，设空句起到转折作用，承认缺点但肯定其价值。选项A“Even s, it remains a pwerful tl.( 即便如此，它仍是一项非常强大的工具。)”中“Even s”体现让步逻辑，既承认问题，又不否定互联网的整体价值，用在文中，使前后衔接自然。故选A项。
阅读7选5之说明文
1. （2025·北京卷）What is adulthd? Scieties all ver the wrld view the cncept f an adult as self-supprting and self-directed, because it identifies a pint in the life cycle.
As Alice Black pints ut, tday’s parents’ fear f letting kids d mre husewrk has added t their inability t feel cmpetent and, thus, cnfident in themselves. Psychlgist Rbert Turner wrte abut this in his bk, The Life Cycle, mentining a stage when kids learn self-directin and mastery. 35
But Turner’s ther cycles are just as imprtant. 36 If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, r denied, yu feel incapable f accessing yur states f self, cntrlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts tgether the fabric f yur inner wrld.
Turner wisely said that “ding well” psychlgically is being able t rll with the flw f emtins, manage them, cmmunicate clearly and well with thers, and master varius skills. This requires an internal lcus (核心) f cntrl, which implies self-cntrl f yur thughts, feelings, and actins. 37 Yu’re self-directed and nt reliant n the wrld t tell yu wh yu are. And yu knw wh yu are within all this.
S, being an adult isn’t just hlding a jb. Being an adult is abut having a rted sense f self while being capable f identifying and managing yur emtins and actins. 38 We are a scial species, s this is imprtant.
While raising an adult is a parent’s jb, it’s als ur respnsibility as a sciety t ensure that we supprt schls that nurture (培养) emtinal and identity develpment. 39
A．It’s als ur jb t supprt adults wh need help repairing incmplete life cycles.
B．They talk abut smene’s inability t supprt themselves thrugh wrk.
C．It’s being able t shw understanding when cmmunicating with thers.
D．In ther wrds, yu’re playing the game f life — life isn’t playing yu.
E．They teach emtinal awareness and management as well as identity.
F．Yu feel like an 18-year ld, especially when playing 80s music.
G．When this stage is denied it creates a sense f insecurity.
【答案】35．G 36．E 37．D 38．C 39．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成年人方面的责任。
35．由上文“As Alice Black pints ut, tday’s parents’ fear f letting kids d mre husewrk has added t their inability t feel cmpetent and, thus, cnfident in themselves. Psychlgist Rbert Turner wrte abut this in his bk, The Life Cycle, mentining a stage when kids learn self-directin and mastery. (正如Alice Black所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Rbert Turner在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G选项“When this stage is denied it creates a sense f insecurity. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。
36．由上文“But Turner’s ther cycles are just as imprtant. (但Turner的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文“If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, r denied, yu feel incapable f accessing yur states f self, cntrlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts tgether the fabric f yur inner wrld. (如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E选项“They teach emtinal awareness and management as well as identity. (它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
37．由上文“Turner wisely said that “ding well” psychlgically is being able t rll with the flw f emtins, manage them, cmmunicate clearly and well with thers, and master varius skills. This requires an internal lcus (核心) f cntrl, which implies self-cntrl f yur thughts, feelings, and actins. (Turner明智地指出，从心理上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，并掌握各种技能。这需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D选项“In ther wrds, yu’re playing the game f life — life isn’t playing yu. (换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。
38．由上文“S, being an adult isn’t just hlding a jb. Being an adult is abut having a rted sense f self while being capable f identifying and managing yur emtins and actins. (所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅是拥有一份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪和行动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C选项“It’s being able t shw understanding when cmmunicating with thers. (它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。
39．由上文“While raising an adult is a parent’s jb, it’s als ur respnsibility as a sciety t ensure that we supprt schls that nurture (培养) emtinal and identity develpment. (虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工作，但作为社会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描述社会在培养成年人方面的其他责任。A选项“It’s als ur jb t supprt adults wh need help repairing incmplete life cycles. (支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人。故选A。
2.（2025·全国II卷）
Unexpected Benefits f Vlunteering as a Family
Are yu lking fr a way t bring yur family tgether? Hping t find a hbby that can be shared by bth the little nes and adults? ___16___ Yu may knw the “feel-gd” emtins that cme with helping thers, but there are even mre unexpected ways vlunteering will psitively affect the whle family.
●Yu’ll feel like yu have mre time.
Peple ften feel they are t busy t vlunteer. Yet, research has fund that giving yur time t cmmunity causes actually makes yu feel like yu have mre f it. ___17___
●Yu can live lnger if yu vlunteer regularly.
___18___ Washingtn University fund that adults 55 and lder wh vlunteered had better memry and maintained verall health lnger than thers their age. Vlunteers are als mre likely t lk after their wn health and are mre fcused n adding physical activity int their lives.
● ___19___
Vlunteering during teenage years has been linked t sme majr psitive effects such as imprved grades and increased self-cnfidence. These effects aren’t just shrt-term but have been prved t affect a teen’s well-being in the years t cme.
●Yu’ll have mre time with family.
Families wh vlunteer tgether have the unique experience f wrking tward a cmmn gal. ___20___ Everyne brings smething unique t the table and can cnnect with each ther in a new way. And, there are tasks fr every age and ability, s all yur children can feel prud f their wrk.
A. Helping the cmmunity lwers rates f depressin.
B. Vlunteering as a family may be just the thing yu need.
C. Vlunteering has a lifelng effect n kids and teenagers.
D. Vlunteering can be the first step in breaking dwn prejudice.
E. Fr adults, vlunteering can prvide significant physical health benefits.
F. Yu may even learn that yur kid has a talent yu didn’t knw abut befre.
G. Vlunteering makes yu feel capable and inspires yu t make the mst f each day.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕、促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。
16. B根据上文“Are yu lking fr a way t bring yur family tgether? Hping t find a hbby that can be shared by bth the little nes and adults? (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参与的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B选项“Vlunteering as a family may be just the thing yu need. (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的“Vlunteering as a family”直接回应“bring yur family tgether”和“shared hbby”，引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选B项。
17. G 根据段落主题句“Yu’ll feel like yu have mre time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文“Yet, research has fund that giving yur time t cmmunity causes actually makes yu feel like yu have mre f it. (然而，研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因。G选项“Vlunteering makes yu feel capable and inspires yu t make the mst f each day. (志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makes yu feel capable”和“inspires yu t make the mst f each day”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feel like yu have mre time”形成因果关联。故选G项。
18. E根据下文“Washingtn University fund that adults 55 and lder wh vlunteered had better memry and maintained verall health lnger than thers their age. (华盛顿大学研究发现，55 岁及以上的成年人中，参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项“Fr adults, vlunteering can prvide significant physical health benefits. (对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“Fr adults”对应“adults 55 and lder”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memry”和“maintained verall health”，与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。
19. C根据下文“Vlunteering during teenage years has been linked t sme majr psitive effects such as imprved grades and increased self-cnfidence. These effects aren’t just shrt-term but have been prved t affect teen’s well-being in the years t cme. (青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关，例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健康)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C选项“Vlunteering has a lifelng effect n kids and teenagers. (志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)”中的“lifelng effect”对应“affect teen’s well-being in the years t cme”，“n kids and teenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。故选C项。
20. F根据上文“Families wh vlunteer tgether have the unique experience f wrking tward a cmmn gal. (一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历)”及下文“Everyne brings smething unique t the table and can cnnect with each ther in a new way. (每个人都能带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相互联系)”可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F选项“Yu may even learn that yur kid has talent yu didn’t knw abut befre. (你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)”中的“learn that yur kid has talent”体现“Everyne brings smething unique”，且“in a new way”对应“发现孩子未知天赋”的新颖体验，衔接上下文。故选F项。
3.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Nt all great writers are great spellers. If yu want t be published, it's vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ N editr is likely t tlerate a writer wh des nt take the truble t spell wrds crrectly.
I keep tw reference bks clse-by n my desk: dictinary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I dn't trust my laptp's spellchecker. ____37____ Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I'm ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers. I use the Cncise Oxfrd Dictinary and the Cllins Thesaurus.
____38____ It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.
In additin, I have an ld tw-vlume cpy f the Shrter Oxfrd Dictinary, picked up a few years ag in a bkshp sale fr just 99 pence. Of curse, with its 2,672 pages, it's nt exactly shrt. It cntains arund 163,000 wrds, plus wrd cmbinatins and idimatic phrases. ____39____ Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there's nthing better.
Fr well ver a hundred years the mst influential English dictinary was Samuel Jhnsn's Dictinary f the English Language published in 1755. "T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk," wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.
A. I dn't ften use this dictinary.
B. It takes n accunt f the cntext.
C. But I still dn't want t replace them.
D. But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.
E. Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.
F. That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.
G. Dictinaries dn't always give yu enugh infrmatin.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
【36题详解】
上文“If yu want t be published, it’s vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。
【37题详解】
上文“I dn’t trust my laptp’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I’m ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes n accunt f the cntext.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。
【38题详解】
下文“It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。
【39题详解】
下文“Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there’s nthing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I dn’t ften use this dictinary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“ “T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk, ” wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。
4.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Overturism Is Fr Real: Hw Can Yu Help?
Travel prmtes understanding, expands ur minds, makes us better peple, and bsts lcal ecnmies and cmmunities, but the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins. ___16___ Certainly nt. The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld. Here are sme tips n making wise decisins t minimize pressure n the places we visit and imprve ur experience.
●Chse mindfully. Overvisited destinatins are that way fr a reasn: they’re special. With s many nline psts featuring the same places, it’s easy t feel like yu’re missing ut. G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way t ease pressure n ver-turisted destinatins is t g smewhere else. Thugh verturism is described as a prblem affecting the entire wrld, it’s actually cncentrated t a small number f extremely ppular spts. That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm. ___18___ Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur. Yu’ll cmpete with fewer turists, save mney, experience a different side f a ppular place, and bst the ecnmy when turism is traditinally slwer.
Visiting a place that thers call hme is a privilege(荣幸). D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place. ___20___ Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.
A. Visit during ff-peak times.
B. S, shuld we stp traveling?
C. Travel fr yu and n ne else.
D. Can verturism be avided then?
E. Yu can still find relatively undiscvered places.
F. Yu’ll find yurself virtually alne, r clse t it.
G. Cnsider giving back t the cmmunities yu’re visiting.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G
【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。
【16题详解】
前文“Travel prmtes understanding, expands ur minds, makes us better peple, and bsts lcal ecnmies and cmmunities, but the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly nt.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文“Overvisited destinatins are that way fr a reasn: they’re special. With s many nline psts featuring the same places, it’s easy t feel like yu’re missing ut. G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
前文“That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”语境一致。故选E。
【19题详解】
空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。
【20题详解】
前文“D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
5.【2024全国甲卷】What is mderatin (适度)? Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs. Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full. ____16____ But it desn't mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve.
Take yur time. It's imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes fr yur brain t tell yur bdy that it has had enugh fd, s eat slwly and stp eating befre yu feel full.
Eat with thers whenever pssible. Eating alne, “specially in frnt f the TV r cmputer, ften leads t mindless vereating. And be careful abut the fds yu keep at hand. It's mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. ____18____
Cntrl emtinal (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many f us als turn t fd t deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm. But by learning healthier ways t manage emtins, yu can regain cntrl ver the fd yu eat and yur feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day. Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. Studies suggest that eating nly when yu're mst active and giving yur digestive system a lng break each day may help t regulate weight.
A Eat prperly thrughut the day.
B. We dn't always eat just t satisfy hunger.
C. Dn't swallw a meal n the way t wrk.
D. Mst f us need t duble the amunt we eat.
E. Instead, surrund yurself with healthy chices.
F. Fr many f us, mderatin means eating less than we d nw.
G. That wn't lead t cheating r giving up n yur new eating plan.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【16题详解】
上文“Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs, Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it desn’t mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Take yur time. It’s imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“It’s mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据本段首句“Cntrl emtinal (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many f us als turn t fd t deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day, Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。
6.【2024北京卷】If yu want t develp maximum credibility (可信性), is it better t be a hedgehg (刺猬) r a fx? Accrding t Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehg knws ne thing very well, and the fx knws a lt f things.
Is there a clear advantage f ne style ver the ther? Hedgehg thinkers tend t answer yes. ___35___ And they are usually very credible in ding s. Accrding t Jim Hart, the “hedgehg cncept” is ne f the factrs that lead cmpanies t greatness. They fcus n ne thing and d it really well. They figure ut what they are gd at. ___36___ The hedgehg cncept makes perfect sense fr cmpanies.
___37___ Philip Tate has studied the track recrds f thse flks n the Sunday talk shws wh make predictins abut what will happen. He has fund that hedgehgs are nt nly wrng mre ften than fxes, but that they are less likely t recgnise r admit that they are wrng when events d nt match their predictins.
The advantage that. fxes have is that they are mre likely t seek ut new infrmatin frm a brader range f surces, and are cmfrtable with uncertainty and new infrmatin. ___38___ They try t include it in their viewpint rather than t exclude it frm their thinking. They als have a clearer estimatin f what they knw and dn’t knw.
S, which is better? The questin can be answered in a fxy hedgehg style. ___39___ The chice between being a hedgehg r a fx is a false trade-ff. The mst effective way t g thrugh life is t try t be that rare mixture knwn as fxy hedgehg.
A. In ther wrds, there are clear advantages fr each.
B. They are mre likely t remember peple’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage f clarity and cnfidence.
D. But there can be a dwnside t cncentratin n ne big thing.
E. Hwever, hedgehgs remain pen t thers’ reactins and inputs.
F. When smething is cntradictry t their view, they dn’t treat it as exceptinal.
G. They cme dwn squarely n ne side r the ther and fully supprt their psitin.
【答案】35. G 36. C 37. D 38. F 39. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拥有“刺猬”型思维方式和“狐狸”型思维方式的两类人对于个人和企业建立信誉度的优劣势。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Hedgehg thinkers tend t answer yes.(拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案)” 可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案，G项中They 指代上文中的Hedgehg，G项“他们明确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立场”说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人往往有明确的立场，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
【36题详解】
根据上文“They fcus n ne thing and d it really well. They figure ut what they are gd at. (他们专注于一件事并把它做得很好。他们知道自己擅长什么)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备优点，他们可以专注于一件事并知道自己擅长什么。C项“因此，他们的优势是（头脑）清楚和自信”进一步说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的优点，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据下文“He has fund that hedgehgs are nt nly wrng mre ften than fxes, but that they are less likely t recgnise r admit that they are wrng when events d nt match their predictins. (他发现，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人不仅比拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人更容易出错，而且当事情与他们的预测不相符时他们不太可能意识到，也不太可能承认自己错了)”可知，此处介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的缺点。D项“但是，把注意力集中在一件大事上可能会有不利的一面” 引出下文，介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备缺点，符合语境。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据上文“The advantage that fxes have is that they are mre likely t seek ut new infrmatin frm a brader range f surces, and are cmfrtable with uncertainty and new infrmatin. (“狐狸”型思维方式的人的优势在于，他们更有可能从更广泛的来源中寻找新信息，并且对不确定性和新信息感到舒适)”和下文“They try t include it in their viewpint rather than t exclude it frm their thinking. (他们试图将其纳入自己的观点，而不是将其排除在自己的思维之外)”可知，此处介绍拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人处理事情的方式。F项“当某件事与他们的观点相矛盾时，他们不会把它当作例外”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“The questin can be answered in a fxy hedgehg style. (这个问题可以用“像狐狸的刺猬”风格来回答)”和下文“The chice between being a hedgehg r a fx is a false trade-ff. (成为拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人还是拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人的选择是一种错误的权衡)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人和拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人各有优势。A项“换句话说，两者都有其明显的优势”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
7.【2024浙江1月卷】In the past few years, nline learning has becme a significant part f the university and cllege experience. ___16___ But are all nline curses created equal? Hw can yu be sure that digital learning is right fr yu? ___17___
We interviewed students and prfessrs t get their advice abut nline curses, The mst bvius advantage f nline learning is that yu can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a pint that many peple lse sight f is hw easy it can be t fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Befre chsing t study nline, cnsider whether yu’re a self-mtivated learner and if the material seems interesting enugh t keep yu ging.
The tip that cmes up mst ften is simple: build nline curses int yur weekly schedule, just like what yu wuld d with in persn curses. ___19___ He nted that his nline students usually end up with lwer grades. It is s easy t let an nline curse slide, but yur grades will suffer as a result. Be sure t schedule set times t watch yur lectures, read materials and cntribute t nline discussin bards.
___20___ A scial cnnectin is ften a big part f learning. There are things yu can d t ease this prblem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking nline curses with a friend, s yu can mtivate each ther t stay n track. Yu can als find students n the class discussin bard t rganize a study grup, r schedule in-persn meeting s with yur prfessr t discuss curse cncepts.
A. But that desn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Yur mtivatin shuld be yur main cncern.
C. D yu knw that nline curses are als part f yur educatin?
D. Prfessr Alex Davidsn teaches the same curse in persn and nline.
E. The chief cmplain t abut nline curses is that they lack human interactin.
F. If yu take an nline curse, what can yu d t ensure the best pssible grade?
G. A survey fund that 29 percent f cllege students registered fr nline curses.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在线学习的注意事项。
【16题详解】
由上文“In the past few years, nline learning has becme a significant part f the university and cllege experience. (在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很重要，本空要说跟“这种现象的具体表现”有关的话题，故G选项“A survey fund that 29 percent f cllege students registered fr nline curses. (一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
由上文“If yu take an nline curse, what can yu d t ensure the best pssible grade? (但是所有的在线课程都是平等的吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑问，本空可以继续提出疑问，故F选项“If yu take an nline curse, what can yu d t ensure the best pssible grade? (如果你参加了在线课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好的成绩？)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
【18题详解】
由上文“The mst bvius advantage f nline learning is that yu can study anywhere and anytime. (在线学习最明显的优势是你可以随时随地学习)”可知，在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，本空要说跟“学习时间”有关的话题，故A选项“But that desn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (但这并不意味着没有最后期限。)”与上文构成转折关系，that指代上一句话，符合题意。故选A。
【19题详解】
由下文“He nted that his nline students usually end up with lwer grades. (他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩通常较低)”可知，本空要说跟“在线老师”有关的话题，故D选项“Prfessr Alex Davidsn teaches the same curse in persn and nline. (Alex Davidsn教授亲自授课和在线授课)”能引起下文，下文中的He指代D项中的“Alex Davidsn教授”，符合题意。故选D。
【20题详解】
由下文“A scial cnnectin is ften a big part f learning. There are things yu can d t ease this prblem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking nline curses with a friend, s yu can mtivate each ther t stay n track. Yu can als find students n the class discussin bard t rganize a study grup, r schedule in-persn meeting s with yur prfessr t discuss curse cncepts. (社会关系通常是学习的重要组成部分。你可以做一些事情来缓解这个问题。本科生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起参加在线课程，这样你们就可以互相激励，坚持下去。你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生，组织一个学习小组，或者安排与教授面对面的会议，讨论课程概念)”可知，本空要说跟“人们之间的互动”有关的话题，故E选项“The chief cmplain t abut nline curses is that they lack human interactin. (对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人与人之间的互动。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
8.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Persnal Frgiveness
Taking respnsibility fr mistakes is a psitive step, but dn’t beat yurself up abut them. T err (犯错) is human. ____16____ Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this.
In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths.” ____17____ Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.
At the tp f a secnd page, put the heading “Acts f kindness.” On this ne, list all the psitive things yu’ve dne fr thers. It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked, r when yu baked ckies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list. ____19____ That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh. In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.
It’s smething f a cliché (陈词滥调) that mst peple learn nt frm their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a psitive way t develp and grw.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“Taking respnsibility fr mistakes is a psitive step, but dn’t beat yurself up abut them. T err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“d this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据空前内容“In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文内容“At the tp f a secnd page, put the heading “Acts f kindness.” On this ne, list all the psitive things yu’ve dne fr thers. It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked, r when yu baked ckies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空后内容“That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend r family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s smething f a cliché (陈词滥调) that mst peple learn nt frm their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a psitive way t develp and grw.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
9.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist wh shares her jurney n scial media, I’m ften asked by curius fllwers hw t begin an art jurney. Unfrtunately, there is n magic list I can ffer. I d remember, thugh, what it was like t be a cmplete beginner. S I’ve put tgether sme gd tips fr starting an art jurney.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbk (素描本) fr small studies. These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future. ___16___ Yu’ll want t lk back n yur jurney t see hw far yu’ve cme.
·Paint ften and paint frm life. There’s n better way t imprve than t put in thse brush miles. Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible. ___17___
·Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. ___18___ Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. Welcme t the club；we’ve all been there. I lve taking n challenges. I nce tk up a challenge t create a painting every day fr a mnth and pst the wrks nline.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback (反馈) is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and, in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple. They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability.
The jurney yu’re n wn’t fllw a straight path. ___20___ Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life.
A. Get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
B. Make career plans and set gals.
C. Dn’t thrw away yur beginner art.
D. Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s.
E. Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times.
F. Evaluate yur perfrmance and, if needed, redefine yur rle.
G. Yu’ll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbk (素描本) fr small studies. These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后文“Yu’ll want t lk back n yur jurney t see hw far yu’ve cme. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Dn’t thrw away yur beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。
【17题详解】
分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint ften and paint frm life. There’s n better way t imprve than t put in thse brush miles. Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“Yu’ll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin. (你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。
【18题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get ut f yur cmfrt zne. (走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。
【19题详解】
分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback (反馈) is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and, in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple. They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
【20题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The jurney yu’re n wn’t fllw a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
10.【2023年全国乙卷】Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways they are the unsung heres f the hme. ____16____, but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry. What’s mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
What are indr plants?
Indr plants, als knwn as huseplants r pt plants, are plants that like t grw indrs. Many f these species (物种) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indr plants gd fr yu?
Will Spelstra, wh wrks at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.” Several studies have backed this up and fund that indr plants can imprve creativity, fcus and memry. There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking. ____19____.
Which plants can yu grw?
Ale vera, peace lilies and spider plants are sme f the species that are easy t grw indrs. Yu can buy plants frm supermarkets, garden centres r nline. Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature — which is part f the jy f wning plants. “____20____,” Spelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful
C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs
D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tngue are amng the best
F. Changing the pt f yur plant frm time t time will als help
G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
【16题详解】
根据下文“but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成nt nly…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Many f these species (物种) are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tngue are amng the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature-which is part f the jy f wning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple’s lives and help t make the link between hme and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。
11.【2023年全国甲卷】Tricks T Becming A Patient Persn
Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There is ne answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used t having what we need immediately and right at ur fingertips. Hwever, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whle lt better ff. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic. ___17___. “Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia.
● Make yurself wait
Instant gratificatin (满足) may seem like the mst “feel gd” ptin at the time, but psychlgy research suggests waiting fr things actually makes us happier in the lng run. And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. ___18___. Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. Yu’ll sn find that the mre patience yu practice, the mre yu start t apply it t ther, mre annying situatins.
● ___19___.
S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. Yu shuld learn t say t yurself, “___20___.” Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There’s ne answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncmfrtable对应后文cmfrtable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Yu shuld learn t say t yurself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
12.【2023年北京卷】It’s a jyful and stressful time f year in the United States fr students and their families as they make decisins abut where t attend cllege. Families ften turn t rankings systems t help make a decisin. ____35____
When I talk t families as a schlar f higher educatin, they’re ften surprised that teaching excellence is nt cunted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence f teaching excellence frm the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is ne f the mst imprtant predictrs f a wide range f cllege utcmes.
Rankings, hwever, are nly ne reasn why a lw value is placed n teaching in higher educatin. Administratrs ften dn’t view teaching excellence as a way t increase enrlment (注册) r funding. ____38____ Research shws that the mre time instructrs spend n teaching, the lwer their salary. What is the result？ Many instructrs cntinue t teach using traditinal lectures, which lead t lwer success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, nt much will change until schls with high-quality teaching are rewarded with mre resurces, higher rankings and increased enrlments. In the lng term, universities, rganisatins that rank schls, and thers shuld wrk t make teaching a valued, cre part f the missin.
What shuld students and their families d? They shuld give strng cnsideratin t universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even thugh the schls may be ranked lwer.
A. Higher educatin has achieved its true ptential.
B. Therefre, it’s nt highly valued in hiring r prmtin.
C. Quality teaching has been an imprtant reputatin-building factr.
D. Hwever, the rankings ignre a critical factr: the quality f teaching.
E. Effrts t imprve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even mre surprised at hw teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities ften shift emphasis frm teaching t ther ranking factrs.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。
【35题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s a jyful and stressful time f year in the United States fr students and their families as they make decisins abut where t attend cllege. Families ften turn t rankings systems t help make a decisin.(对于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻， 因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。选项D“Hwever, the rankings ignre a critical factr: the quality f teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。
【36题详解】
根据空前内容“When I talk t families as a schlar f higher educatin, they’re ften surprised that teaching excellence is nt cunted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They’re even mre surprised at hw teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“mre surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故选F。
【37题详解】
空前内容“Emerging research suggests that curses in lwer-ranked universities, n average, scred higher n teaching than curses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence f teaching excellence frm the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is ne f the mst imprtant predictrs f a wide range f cllege utcmes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项G“In fact, universities ften shift emphasis frm teaching t ther ranking factrs.(事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。
【38题详解】
根据空前内容“Rankings, hwever, are nly ne reasn why a lw value is placed n teaching in higher educatin. Administratrs ften dn’t view teaching excellence as a way t increase enrlment (注册) r funding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项B“Therefre, it’s nt highly valued in hiring r prmtin.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据下文内容“Nevertheless, nt much will change until schls with high-quality teaching are rewarded with mre resurces, higher rankings and increased enrlments. In the lng term, universities, rganisatins that rank schls, and thers shuld wrk t make teaching a valued, cre part f the missin.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，作者认为想要强调教学质量还需要更多努力。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项C“Quality teaching has been an imprtant reputatin-building factr.(高质量的教学一直是建立声誉的重要因素。)”强调了高质量教学的重要性，而下文则话题一转，指出了高质量教学的难处。故选C。
13.【2023年浙江1月卷】With gas prices rising and airprt security lines snaking lnger than ever, why nt bk yur next dmestic vacatin n a train? Cmpared t ther alternatives, it’s cmfrtable and relaxing. Here is sme advice n hw t make a trip by rail as pleasant as pssible.
Plan ahead. Mst lng-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accmmdatins, sell ut very quickly. 36 But n matter when yu travel, it’s a gd idea t make yur reservatins at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Cnsider turning yur travel plan ver t a travel agent and letting him duble-check all the details, make suggestins, and then handle the actual reservatins. A gd ne can smetimes find yu discunted tickets. 37 Then yu wn’t have t walk thrugh several cars n a mving train three times a day fr yur meals.
Bring a blanket. When yu’re riding n trains, yu wn’t be prvided with a blanket fr free, even if yur trip is an vernight ne. 38 In the summer in particular, the air cnditining can make them quite cld.
Arrive early. Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing yurs can be a disaster. 39 Nte: The times listed n the schedules are departure times, nt arrival times.
Have fun. 40 Read a bk, knit, d a crsswrd puzzle, r simply watch the wrld unfld utside the windw. T calculate yur speed as yu d, divide 3,600(the number f secnds in an hur)by the number f secnds it takes yu t travel ne mile(the distance between tw milepsts). If it takes the train 53 secnds t travel ne mile, yu’re ging 67.92 mph.
A．Train trips aren’t fr impatient types.
B．Yu’ll have views frm bth sides f the train.
C．The temperature n rail cars is ften hard t cntrl.
D．That’s particularly true during busy summer mnths.
E．Yu might have t wait lnger than 24 hurs t catch the next ne.
F．Chances are the cst will be a lt less than the cst f ne bedrm.
G．He may als bk yu in a sleeping car that’s right next t the diner.
【答案】36．D 37．G 38．C 39．E 40．A
【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。
36．根据上文“Plan ahead. Mst lng-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accmmdatins, sell ut very quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“But n matter when yu travel, it’s a gd idea t make yur reservatins at least 90 days in advance. (但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busy summer mnths”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。
37．根据上文“A gd ne can smetimes find yu discunted tickets. (一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Then yu wn’t have t walk thrugh several cars n a mving train three times a day fr yur meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“bk yu in a sleeping car that’s right next t the diner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。
38．根据上文“When yu’re riding n trains, yu wn’t be prvided with a blanket fr free, even if yur trip is an vernight ne.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“In the summer in particular, the air cnditining can make them quite cld. (特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中“The temperature n rail cars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。
39．根据上文“Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing yurs can be a disaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及下文“Nte: The times listed n the schedules are departure times, nt arrival times. (注意:时刻表上列出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E项中“Yu might have t wait lnger”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。
40．根据上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“T calculate yur speed as yu d, divide 3,600(the number f secnds in an hur)by the number f secnds it takes yu t travel ne mile(the distance between tw milepsts).”(要计算你的速度，用3600(一小时的秒数)除以你走一英里(两个里程碑之间的距离)所花费的秒数。)”可知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计算时间，用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选A项。
目录
第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿
第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分
题型01保分基础练 7选5说明文综合练（原创&最新模拟）
题型02重难创新练（7选5说明文）
第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法