高考英语一轮-选择性必修一~选择性必修二词汇（练习）（解析版）

这是一份高考英语一轮-选择性必修一~选择性必修二词汇（练习）（解析版），共13页。试卷主要包含了易考单词变形等内容，欢迎下载使用。

题型一 易考单词变形
1．（23-24高三·福建·期末） (ccupy) with scientific research, he culdn’t spare time t keep cmpany with his family.
【答案】Occupied
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他忙于科学研究，抽不出时间来陪伴家人。主语he与动词ccupy“使忙于”构成逻辑上的被动关系，使用过去分词表示被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Occupied。
2．（23-24·上海·期中）Tny Leung plays the part f a (reject) lver perfectly and gives ff an air f being sad withut ever really being pathetic (可悲的).
【答案】rejected
【详解】考查形容词。句意：梁朝伟完美地扮演了一个被冷落的恋人，他散发出一种悲伤的气息，但并不真的可悲。空处作定语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语lver之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填rejected。
3.（23-24高三·江苏·高三模拟）When the sldier returned t his hmetwn after the war, he fund it had changed beynd all (recgnize). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recgnitin
【详解】考查名词。句意：当那位士兵战后回到家乡时，他发现家乡已经变得面目全非了。作宾语，应用名词recgnitin，短语beynd all recgnitin表示“面目全非”。故填recgnitin。
4．（23-24高三·广东·高三名校联考）There is n cnclusive (prve) that creatures frm uter space d exist. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】prf
【详解】考查名词。句意：没有确凿的证据表明外太空生物确实存在。作主语，应用名词prf，根据上文is可知为单数。故填prf。
5.（2023高三·全国·专题练习）The term “stper” was cined in the US after a lt f peple put their used r underused (belng) in frnt f their drsteps t be taken away fr free by thse in need.
【答案】belngings
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：“stp”一词是在美国创造的，因为很多人把他们使用过或未充分利用的物品放在家门口，然后被有需要的人免费带走。空处作宾语，名词belnging“所有物”符合题意，该词常用复数形式。故填belngings。
6．（2024·北京丰台·二模）The Prt f Shanghai has been the busiest in the wrld fr 14 years running after (vertake) the Prt f Singapre in 2010.
【答案】vertaking
【解析】考查动名词。句意：自2010年超过新加坡港以来，上海港已连续14年成为世界上最繁忙的港口。动词vertake意为“超过”，在介词after后应用动名词形式作宾语。故填vertaking。
7.（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Fllwing the barbecue-induced travel craze t the city f Zib in East China, Chinese scial media has nce again highlighted the next internet-famus city wrthy f (explre).
【答案】explratin
【解析】考查名词。句意：继烧烤引发的淄博旅游热潮之后，中国社交媒体再次强调了下一个值得探索的网红城市。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“探索”，即explratin，它为不可数名词，故填explratin。
8.（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Knwn as Tianshui Malatang, which (literal) means spicy and ht, the lcal dish is ppular fr its large prtin f skewered meat, vegetables, and hand-made ptat ndles in a pt f biling brth (肉汤).
【答案】literally
【解析】考查副词。句意：被称为“天水麻辣烫”，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。使用副词作状语修饰动词means，需要的词义为“字面上”，故填literally。
9.（2024·浙江杭州·二模） Can thse tls really maximize yur wrkut benefits? The real questins surrund nt the (wear), but the wearer.
【答案】wearable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：真正的问题不在于可穿戴设备，而在于穿戴者本身。分析句子成分，根据句意可知，空处考查“定冠词+形容词”，表示一类人或事物。本句指的是可穿戴设备，用the+ wearable。故填wearable。
10.（2024·浙江杭州·二模）Depending n what thse gals are, there might be ways t achieve them that are mre cst (effect), mre fun, mre cnvenient.
【答案】effective
【解析】考查形容词。句意：根据目标的不同，可能会有一些成本更低、更有趣、更方便的方法来实现这些目标。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式，和下文“fun、cnvenient”并列，作表语。故填effective。
10.（2024·广东梅州·一模）The mst ppular place is the Harbin Ice and Snw Wrld, which is like a frzen Disneyland, and yu can see the big ice and snw castles, cart n sculptures and enjy the biggest (vary) f snw sprts and activities in the wrld.
【答案】variety
【解析】考查副词。句意：几乎所有用于该节日的冰都是从哈尔滨的松花江上切下来的。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰句子，意为“几乎”。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Nearly。
11.（2024·河北沧州·一模）The launch successfully delivered three cmmercial satellites int the planned rbit abut 460 kilmeters abve the Earth, further highlighting the (mature) and stability f the ZQ-2 carrier rcket, and als marking a step frward fr the cmpany and China’s cmmercial aerspace industry.
【答案】maturity
【解析】考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用mature的名词maturity作宾语，与后文的stability构成并列。故填maturity。
12.（2024·湖南·二模） Jiangsu, knwn fr its unique blend f innvatin and preservatin, is a true treasure. I was (incredible) frtunate t jurney thrugh the cities f Suzhu and Nanjing, bth f which left me fascinated with their true impressiveness and eagerly lnging t explre further.
【答案】incredibly
【解析】考查副词。句意：我非常幸运地穿越了苏州和南京，这两个城市都让我着迷于它们真正令人印象深刻的地方，并渴望进一步探索。修饰形容词frtunate应用副词。故填incredibly。
（2024·湖南·二模）As I adventured int the heart f the city, the Old Twn’s ancient waterways led me n an (explre) f histry, and the classical gardens ffered a glimpse int a stried past.
【答案】explratin
【解析】考查名词。句意：当我大胆探索进入城市中心时，老城区古老的水道带领我探索历史，古典花园让我得以一瞥历史悠久的过去。根据前文n an可知，此处应用其名词单数作介词宾语。故填explratin。
14．（23-24高三·全国·模拟测试）The by was abut t submit himself t desperatin, when a team f (cnserve) wrkers rushed t help.
【答案】cnservatin
【解析】考查名词。句意：小男孩正准备屈服于绝望，这时一队自然保护工作者冲过来帮忙。cnservatin wrker是固定用法，意为“保护工作者”，因此空格处应用名词cnservatin，作定语。故填cnservatin。
15．（23-24高三·全国·模拟预测）The wrkshp will frequently allw visitrs t watch the (restre) wrk take place.
【答案】restratin
【解析】考查名词。句意：车间将经常允许游客观看修复工作的进行。作定语修饰wrk，应用名词restratin，不可数。故填restratin。
题型二 核心单词拼写
1.（23-24高三·广东广州·模拟）If yu need t handle a (微妙的) situatin, yu shuld behave wisely.
【答案】delicate
【解析】考查形容词。句意：如果你需要处理一个微妙的情况，你应该表现得明智。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词situatin，“微妙的”的形容词是delicate，故填delicate。
2．（23-24高三·重庆·阶段练习）It is vital t have a d (有活力的) persnality.
【答案】dynamic/ynamic
【解析】考查形容词。句意：有活力的个性是至关重要的。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词dynamic“有活力的”作定语修饰persnality，满足句意要求。故填dynamic。
3．（22-23高三·河北唐山·阶段练习）She (滥用) her psitin as principal by giving jbs t her friends.
【答案】abused
【解析】考查动词。句意：她滥用校长的职权，给朋友提供工作。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用动词abuse，结合语境可知，动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。故填abused。
4．（2024·陕西西安·一模）It is human nature that we tend t make an (评估) f the advantages and disadvantages f decisins all the time.
【答案】assessment/evaluatin
【解析】考查名词。句意：我们总是倾向于对决策的利弊进行评估，这是人类的本性。根据汉语提示可知应用名词evaluatin或assessment，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填evaluatin/assessment。
5．（23-24高三·陕西西安·期末）As he was nt allwed (陪伴) her t the shps, he wrte ut a list f items fr her.
【答案】t accmpany
【解析】考查动词。句意：由于不允许他陪她去商店，他就给她列了一张购物清单。根据汉语提示可知应填动词accmpany，且上文为短语be allwed t d sth.。故填t accmpany。
6．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·阶段练习）It’s easy t be distracted and let yur attentin (走神) with the phne at hand.
【答案】wander
【解析】考查动词。句意：手机在手边很容易分心，让你的注意力分散。这里是let sb./sth. d sth.结构，省略t的不定式作宾补，所以空处应用动词原形。结合汉语提示，这里应用不及物动词wander。故填wander。
7．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·阶段练习）As is ften the case, (贫困) and pr health ften g hand in hand.
【答案】pverty
【解析】考查名词。句意：贫穷和健康状况不佳往往相伴而行，这是常有的事。根据汉语提示可知应填名词pverty，作主语，不可数。故填pverty。
8．（23-24高三·陕西西安·期中）The judge’s (结论) was that Mr. Smith was inncent.
【答案】cnclusin
【解析】考查名词。句意：法官的结论是史密斯先生是无辜的。根据汉语提示可知，空处需用名词作主语；cnclusin结论，可数名词，符合题意；由空后was可知，空处名词需用其单数形式。故填cnclusin。
9．（22-23高三·黑龙江佳木斯·期中）They are sisters but they d (不同) frm each ther in many ways.
【答案】differ/iffer
【解析】考查动词。句意：她们是姐妹，但在许多方面彼此不同。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，动词differ符合题意，differ frm“与……不同”是固定短语；空处为第二个分句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语they是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填differ。
10．（2023·湖南株洲·模拟预测）S far, n (科学的) studies have shwn that shark fins are gd fr health.
【答案】scientific
【解析】考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有好处。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词scientific，意为“科学的”，作定语，修饰名词studies。故填scientific。
题型一 阅读词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·浙江金华·二模）We’ve all experienced the sense f unease that the end f a hliday weekend ften brings. 1 Mnday mrning after a hliday weekend represents a psychlgical shift frm freedm and relaxatin t pressure and bligatins. Our minds and bdies, accustmed t the rhythm f the hliday, resist the sudden change. 2
Schedule yur Mnday mrning s that yu’ve gt sme uninterrupted time t cncentrate. Researchers fund that peple lst significant time when they switched frm ne task t anther. 3 Give yurself an hur r mre f time t cncentrate and either accmplish ne f yur mst imprtant tasks r take the time t plan the rest f yur week.
Where pssible, fcus yur uninterrupted Mnday mrning time n a task r activity yu genuinely enjy. 4 Giving yurself even a slight amunt f psitive anticipatin can make a difference.
5 This culd be a wrkut, meditatin, r a walk during lunch. Ging frm that level f physical activity t sitting at a desk can be mentally taxing, s d smething during the day that breaks up the physical bredm.
The Mnday after a hliday weekend wn’t feel like a party. But with a few simple steps, yu can reduce a gd bit f the dread that typically accmpanies the first day back at wrk.
A．But there are ways t reduce the anxiety.
B．Include a wellness activity in yur Mnday rutine.
C．The mre cmplicated the tasks, the mre time was lst.
D．It culd be a creative prject, a cllabrative meeting, r anything else.
E．Having “a case f the Mndays” is mre than just a cultural steretype.
F．Overlading yur Mnday with tasks is a guaranteed way t reduce fear.
G．It’s all abut mentally preparing yurself, setting gals, and visualizing the week ahead.
【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B
【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍一系列具体的策略，指导读者如何更好地管理时间，减轻压力，以及提高工作效率和个人幸福感。
1．根据上文“We’ve all experienced the sense f unease that the end f a hliday weekend ften brings. (我们都经历过周末假期结束时的不安。)”可知，本句承接上文，解释“周一综合症”这种现象。故E选项“‘周一综合症’不仅仅是一种文化刻板印象”符合语境，故选E。
2．根据上文“Mnday mrning after a hliday weekend represents a psychlgical shift frm freedm and relaxatin t pressure and bligatins. Our minds and bdies, accustmed t the rhythm f the hliday, resist the sudden change. (周末假期后的周一早上，代表着一种心理转变，从自由和放松转向压力和义务。我们的思想和身体，习惯了假期的节奏，抵制突然的变化。)”以及后文介绍了缓解“周一综合征”的方法，可知，本句与上文构成转折关系，指出表明尽管存在这种普遍的不安感，但有方法可以减轻它，从而直接回应了前文提出的情况，故A选项“但是有一些方法可以减轻这种焦虑。”符合语境，故选A。
3．根据上文“Schedule yur Mnday mrning s that yu’ve gt sme uninterrupted time t cncentrate. Researchers fund that peple lst significant time when they switched frm ne task t anther. (安排好周一早上的时间，这样你就有一些不受干扰的时间来集中精力。研究人员发现，当人们从一项任务切换到另一项任务时，他们会浪费大量时间。)”可知，前文讨论了减少焦虑的方法后，一个自然的延伸是讨论任务管理和时间分配的效率，本句说明复杂任务导致的时间损失问题，直接回应了前文提出的在工作中集中注意力的重要性。故C选项“任务越复杂，浪费的时间就越多。”符合语境，故选C。
4．根据上文“Where pssible, fcus yur uninterrupted Mnday mrning time n a task r activity yu genuinely enjy. (在可能的情况下，把周一早上不受打扰的时间集中在你真正喜欢的任务或活动上。)”可知，前文提到寻找工作中的乐趣可以减轻焦虑之后，接下来的问题是如何具体实现这一点。故D选项“它可以是一个创造性的项目，一个合作会议，或者其他任何东西。”符合语境，故选D。
5．根据后文“This culd be a wrkut, meditatin, r a walk during lunch. Ging frm that level f physical activity t sitting at a desk can be mentally taxing, s d smething during the day that breaks up the physical bredm. (这可以是锻炼，冥想，或者在午餐时间散步。从那种水平的体育活动到坐在办公桌前可能会让精神上很费力，所以白天做点什么来打破身体上的无聊。)”可知，本段的主旨是通过添加活动来缓解周一综合征。故B选项“在你周一的日常安排中加入一项健康活动。”符合语境，故选B。
题型二 完形词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·山东·一模）Li Cheng, 20, a cllege student and engineering enthusiast frm Suthwest China’s Chngqing, is making waves by turning his dreams int reality.
Emplying his knwledge, insights and 16 , Li has invented a grundbreaking Braille (盲文) dt display 17 fr the blind. Named “Argus”, the first bunch f the Braille dt display is expected t be 18 this summer.
Li said his idea fr Argus was traced back t the end f his freshman year in 2021. One day, when he was reading a nvel n his phne, a series f questins 19 his mind: “Hw d 20 impaired (受损的) peple read? Hw can I help them ut?” His 21 led t research n the tpic, including interacting with thse wh experienced daily 22 . Hwever, when he put his idea int practice, the expensive material jumped in the way.
In the past year, Li’s team has managed t 23 csts by 40 percent after runds f trial and 24 , and eventually succeeded in recnstructing a device that verturns the 25 physical apprach t the present electrmagnetic apprach. The first-generatin Argus is 26 between 8,000 t 10,000 yuan, with plans t intrduce a mre 27 entry-level versin with basic functins.
28 , Li plans t devte three t five years t bst Argus. Overseas prmtin is als scheduled fr next year, with 29 t integrate the cre technlgy—high-density tactile sensing (高密度触觉传感) —int virtual reality applicatins and ptentially develp 30 cmpanin rbts, with the aim f imprving peple’s dmestic lives.
16．A．sympathyB．faithC．cntributinD．ccupatin
17．A．celebratedB．adjustedC．tailredD．advcated
18．A．prvedB．handledC．awardedD．released
19．A．cludedB．struckC．sharpenedD．changed
20．A．mentallyB．behavirallyC．visuallyD．scially
21．A．hnestyB．determinatinC．braveryD．curisity
22．A．activitiesB．exerciseC．perfrmanceD．challenges
23．A．increaseB．reduceC．cntrlD．estimate
24．A．incidentB．errrC．cmpetitinD．interruptin
25．A．previusB．cmprehensiveC．scientificD．systematic
26．A．listedB．measuredC．pricedD．calculated
27．A．fficialB．affrdableC．satisfactryD．intelligent
28．A．Thinking backB．Mving arundC．Stepping asideD．Lking ahead
29．A．servicesB．respnsibilitiesC．ambitinsD．requirements
30．A．husehldB．cmmercialC．medicalD．educatinal
【答案】
16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．D 23．B 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。详细介绍了大学生李成发明的一种盲文点阵显示器，这种创新为视力受损的人提供了阅读的新方式。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：利用他的知识、洞察力和同情心，李发明了一种为盲人量身定制的突破性点阵盲文显示器。A. sympathy同情；B. faith信仰；C. cntributin贡献；D. ccupatin职业。根据前文“Emplying his knwledge, insights and”可知，空处和knwledge以及insights并列，结合选项，“sympathy同情”符合语境。故选A项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：利用他的知识、洞察力和同情心，李发明了一种为盲人量身定制的突破性点阵盲文显示器。A. celebrated庆祝；B. adjusted调整；C. tailred专门制作；D. advcated提倡。根据后文“Hw d 5 impaired (受损的) peple read? Hw can I help them ut?”可知，这个是Li Cheng专门为盲人开发的设备。故选C项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一批被命名为“Argus”的点阵盲文显示器预计将于今年夏天发布。A. prved证明；B. handled处理；C. awarded授予；D. released公开。根据后文“Overseas prmtin is als scheduled fr next year”可知，明年海外发行，所以第一批是今年夏天发布。故选D项。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当他在手机上读一本小说时，一系列问题突然出现在他的脑海里。A. cluded使变暗淡；B. struck突然想到；C. sharpened使锐利；D. changed改变。根据后文“Hw d 5 impaired (受损的) peple read? Hw can I help them ut?”可知，应是突然想到一系列问题。故选B项。
20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：视障人士是如何阅读的?A. mentally精神上；B. behavirally行为上；C. visually视觉上；D. scially社会上。根据前文“Li has invented a grundbreaking Braille (盲文) dt display 2 fr the blind.”可知，是专门为盲人开发的，所以此处是他好奇视障人士是如何阅读的?故选C项。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的好奇心促使他对这个课题进行研究，包括与那些每天都经历挑战的人交流。A. hnesty诚实；B. determinatin决心；C. bravery勇敢；D. curisity好奇心。根据前文“Hw d 5 impaired (受损的) peple read? Hw can I help them ut?”可知，是Li Cheng的好奇，让他开始研究这个课题。故选D项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的好奇心促使他对这个课题进行研究，包括与那些每天都经历挑战的人交流。A. activities活动；B. exercise锻炼；C. perfrmance表演；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“Li has invented a grundbreaking Braille (盲文) dt display 2 fr the blind.”可知，他要专门为盲人开发阅读设备，而盲人是每天都经历挑战的。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一年里，李的团队经过几轮的试验和错误，成功地将成本降低了40%，并最终成功地重建了一个设备，将以前的物理方法推翻为目前的电磁方法。A. increase增加；B. reduce降低；C. cntrl控制；D. estimate估计。根据前文“Hwever, when he put his idea int practice, the expensive material jumped in the way.”可知，昂贵的材料阻碍了他，所以此处应是设法降低了成本。故选B项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一年里，李的团队经过几轮的试验和错误，成功地将成本降低了40%，并最终成功地重建了一个设备，将以前的物理方法推翻为目前的电磁方法。A. incident冲突；B. errr错误；C. cmpetitin竞争；D. interruptin中断。根据前文“runds f trial and”以及后文“and eventually succeeded in recnstructing a device”可知，空处和trial并列，根据后文的最终成功了，推知，应是“errr错误”符合语境。故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一年里，李的团队经过几轮的试验和错误，成功地将成本降低了40%，并最终成功地重建了一个设备，将以前的物理方法推翻为目前的电磁方法。A. previus以前的；B. cmprehensive综合的；C. scientific科学的；D. systematic系统的。根据前文的“verturns”以及后文“physical apprach t the present electrmagnetic apprach”可知，把物理方法推翻为目前的电磁方法，所以物理方法应是以前的。故选A项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一代阿格斯的定价在8000元至10000元之间，公司计划推出价格更实惠、具备基本功能的入门级版本。A. listed列举；B. measured测量；C. priced给…定价；D. calculated计算。根据后文“between 8,000 t 10,000 yuan”可知，应是定价在8000元至10000元之间。故选C项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一代阿格斯的定价在8000元至10000元之间，公司计划推出价格更实惠、具备基本功能的入门级版本。A. fficial正式的；B. affrdable价格合理的；C. satisfactry令人满意的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据后文“entry-level versin with basic functins”可知，只具备基本功能的入门级版本，应是更实惠的。故选B项。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：展望未来，李计划用三到五年的时间来推动阿格斯的发展。A. Thinking back抚今追昔；B. Mving arund 四处溜达；C. Stepping aside回避；D. Lking ahead展望未来。根据后文“Li plans t devte three t five years t bst Argus.”可知，用三到五年的时间来推动阿格斯的发展应是展望未来。故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：海外推广也计划于明年进行，目标是将核心技术高密度触觉传感整合到虚拟现实应用中，并有可能开发家用伴侣机器人，以改善人们的家庭生活。A. services服务；B. respnsibilities责任；C. ambitins志向；D. requirements必要条件。根据后文“t integrate the cre technlgy—high-density tactile sensing (高密度触觉传感) —int virtual reality applicatins and ptentially develp 15 cmpanin rbts”可知，整合技术开发家用伴侣机器人，这是志向。故选C项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海外推广也计划于明年进行，目标是将核心技术高密度触觉传感整合到虚拟现实应用中，并有可能开发家用伴侣机器人，以改善人们的家庭生活。A. husehld家庭的；B. cmmercial商业的；C. medical医疗的；D. educatinal教育的。根究后文“with the aim f imprving peple’s dmestic lives.”可知，改善人们的家庭生活，所以是开发家用伴侣机器人。故选A项。
（2023·新高考I卷阅读理解B篇）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A ditry stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
4. What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was fnd f traveling.B. He enjyed being alne.
C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He lnged t be a dctr.
5. Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A. T feed the animals.B. T build an ecsystem.
C. T prtect the plants.D. T test the ec-machine.
6. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn’s research plans.B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D. T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
7. What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water t survive.
C. Life n Earth is diverse.D. Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jhn Tdd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A ditry stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
2.（2024·浙江卷1月阅读理解A篇）
Tm Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, ft-stmping musical versin f a Mark Twain favrite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tm Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the gd stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Je McDnugh, with music by David Kisr. That’s the lcal stage writing team that creates many f the Children’s Theatre f Cincinnati’s riginal musicals, alng with the hliday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner f Burlingtn is Tm Sawyer, and Rbbie McMath f Frt Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at Schl fr Creative and Perfrming Arts, is a familiar presence n Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act r f Children’s Theatre, having played leading rles in “The Legend f Sleepy Hllw” and “The Wizard f Oz,” and is fresh frm Jersey Prductin “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junir at Beechwd High Schl. He was in the cast f “Tm Sawyer” when it was first perfrmed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shws t his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Gvernr’s Schl fr the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Nte t teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demnstrating hw math and science can be taught thrugh “Tm Sawyer.” Fr dwnladable lessns, visit the fficial website f Children’s Theatre.
1. Wh wrte the music fr “Tm Sawyer: A River Adventure”?
A. David Kisr.B. Je McDnugh.
C. Nathan Turner.D. Rbbie McMath.
2. What can we learn abut the tw actrs?
A. They study in the same schl.B. They wrked tgether in ”Ragtime“.
C. They are experienced n stage.D. They became friends ten years ag.
3. What des Children’s Theatre prvide fr teachers?
A. Research funding.B. Training pprtunities.
C. Technical supprt.D. Educatinal resurces.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍由马克·吐温的作品所改编的音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险记》。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is adapted by Je McDnugh, with music by David Kisr.(本剧由乔·麦克多诺改编，大卫·基索作曲。)”可知，本剧是由大卫·基索作曲的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Tumer, a 10th-grader at Schl fr Creative and Perfrming Arts, is a familiar presence n Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act r f Children’s Theatre, having played leading rles in “The Legend f Sleepy Hllw” and “The Wizard f Oz,” and is fresh frm Jersey Prductin “Ragtime”.(Tumer是一名创意与表演艺术学校的10年级学生，是辛辛那提舞台上的常客。他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角，也是新泽西制作公司‘Ragtime’的新成员。)”可知，Tumer是辛辛那提舞台上的常客，儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角；根据第五段中的“McMath is a junir at Beechwd High Schl. He was in the cast f “Tm Sewyer” when it was first perfrmed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shws t his credit.(McMath是比奇伍德高中的三年级学生。他是《汤姆·休厄》首演时的演员，也是儿童剧院的常客，演出了五场。)”可知，McMath也是儿童剧院的常客；综合以上信息可知，这两位演员在舞台上经验丰富。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Nte t teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demnstrating hw math and science can be taught thrugh “Tm Sawyer.” Fr dwnladable lessns, visit the fficial website f Children’s Theatre.(给老师们的提示：儿童剧院有一份学习指南，展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学。如欲下载课程，请访问儿童剧院官方网站。)”可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了一份学习指南，展示如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学，可通过儿童剧院的网站下载课程；由此可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了教育资源。故选D项。
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】易考单词变形
【题型二】核心单词拼写
02 重难创新练
【题型一】阅读词汇和短语
【题型二】完形词汇和短语
03 真题实战练