高考英语一轮讲义-高考高频考点非谓语动词-ving（学生版)

这是一份高考英语一轮讲义-高考高频考点非谓语动词-ving（学生版)，共9页。学案主要包含了命题规律，备考策略，命题预测，清被学长说等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 高考真题考点分布
附其它卷区考情分析
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
分析近三年高考真题可知，对非谓语动词知识点的考查是一个重点考查方向，对非谓语动词的各种形式，结合语态考查难度在增大。
【备考策略】
1.掌握非谓语动词三种基本形式的用法。
2.正确使用非谓语动词动名词和现在分词。
【命题预测】
预测2025年考高语法填空对非谓语动词-ving知识点的考查仍然是重点。

01 -ing分词的时态和语态
02动名词和现在分词的区别
形式：动名词和现在分词都是在动词原形后加-ing构成，但在句中充当的作用不同。
功能：动名词用法： 动名词主要起名词的作用，在句子中充当名词的角色，可以有复数形式和所有格。可以作为主语、宾语、表语和定语等。
现在分词的用法：主要描述动作的进行状态或性质，在句中不能单独作谓语，具有形容词的特性。在句中作定语、表语、状语和补语，有时态和语态的变化。
考点一 动名词句法功能
01 作宾语
下列动词后只接动名词作宾语
【清被学长说】
1.动名词除了可以作动词的宾语外，还可以作介词的宾语，下列动词词组后接动名词作宾语。
be used t, lead t, devte t, stick t, bject t, get dwn t, pay attentin t, can’t stand, give up, feel like, insist n, put ff, have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth.； spend...(in) ding sth.； There is n pint/sense (in) ding sth.; have a gd/wnderful/hard time (in); be bust (in)等动词词组也要接动名词作宾语。
02 作定语
动名词做定语往往表示被修饰名词的某种用途
03 作主语
04 作表语
动名词做表语时和主语通常是对等的关系，主语和表语可以互换位置。
05 动名词的复合结构
06 主动形式表被动含义
考点二 现在分词的句法功能
01作状语
1.现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。在句中表示结果、时间、原因、条件、伴随或方式等状语。
2.如果状语从句主语和谓语是it is或主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。（即连接词+现在分词：表示与主语之间主动关系。
02作定语
现在分词作定语与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动作正在进行。动名词作定语表示所修饰名词的用途，不存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
There are lts f students wishing t jin us.有许多学生想加入我们。（现在分词作定语）
=There are lts f students wh wish t jin us.
There are tw teaching buildings in ur schl.我们学校有两座教学楼。（动名词作定语表用途）
The lecture, starting at 7:00 pm last night, was fllwed by an bservatin f the mn with telescpes. （现在分词作定语）讲座于昨晚7点开始，接下来是用望远镜观测月球。
03作表语
动名词作表语表示抽象的一般性的行为；分词作表语说明主语的性质或状态。
He’s amusing and tells jkes when he thinks we’re getting bred.
他很风趣，而且当他认为我们感到厌烦时，就会给我们讲笑话。
The news that ur team had wn was very inspiring.
我们队获胜的消息非常鼓舞人心。
Yur idea sunds very interesting.
你的想法听起来很有趣。
04作补语
1. 现在分词作宾补，动词与宾语之间有逻辑主谓关系，说明宾语的性质、特征或强调正在进行的主动动作。变成被动语态时，宾语补足语相应的变为主语补足语。常跟现在分词作宾语补足语的动词：感官动词（see, watch, bserve, ntice, hear, listen, feel)，使役动词(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch等。）
2. with＋宾语＋ding表示主动，说明动作正在发生或经常发生；with＋宾语＋dne表示被动或完成；
3.with +宾语+t d 表示即将发生的动作。
The ld cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg fllwing them.
这老两口常常在晚饭后到公园里散步，他们的宠物狗则在后面跟着。
2.With such a shrt time left befre the deadline, it desn't seem likely that Jhn will finish the jb.
截止日期之前只剩下很短的时间，约翰似乎不可能完成工作了。
3.With a lt f wrk t d, she wasn't allwed t leave her ffice.
由于有许多工作要做，她不被允许离开办公室。
05现在分词用于独立主格结构
动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语是主句的主语。若其逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时，应当在-ing形式前加上逻辑主语，构成动词-ing形式的独立主格结构，逻辑主语与动词之间为主谓关系，是分词动作的执行者，分词表示的动作是逻辑主语发出的动作，在句中作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语和方式状语。
1.The gvernr cnsidering the matter, mre strikes gathered acrss his path.
州长思考这个问题时，跟多的罢工工人聚集在他要通过的路上。
2.The by leading the way, we had n truble arriving at the village.
小男孩领着路，我们毫不费力地到达了村子。
典例一 动名词作主语
(cmmunicate) cunts in freign cuntries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
典例二 动名词作宾语
If yu find sme methds that d nt fit with the name f the class, yu shuld cnsider (mve) thse methds t anther class. (所给词的适当形式填空)
典例三 动名词作定语
Yu will find him in the (dine) rm. (所给词的适当形式填空)
典例四 动名词被动形式
D yu mind Jane (leave) alne at hme?
典例五 现在分词作状语
Just then, sme kids ran at him, (knck) his bks ut f his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. (所给词的适当形式填空)
典例六 现在分词作补足语
N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is (rare) enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left (want) mre next time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
典例七 现在分词在状语从句的省略
I learned this while (take) care f a seagull unfrtunate enugh t swallw a hk. (所给词的适当形式填空)
典例八 现在分词作定语
Marine scientists als study hw waves and currents affect rganisms (live)in the ceans. (所给词的适当形式填空)
1．（23-24高三下·重庆·开学考试）When he gt better, he lked frward t (g) back t wrk as sn as pssible. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．（22-23高三上·江苏南通·期末）But this friendship is wrth (save): eight years is a lng time! （所给词的适当形式填空）
3．（23-24高三上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years (recrd) everything I discvered. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．（23-24高三上·河北衡水·期中）Tu Yuyu cncluded that (bil) the sweet wrmwd apparently destryed its medical prperties. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．（23-24高三上·江苏·开学考试）I can see that Tim is having truble (balance) his prject and his schlwrk. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
6．（23-24高三上·江苏·开学考试）At last, we had a narrw escape, frtunately escaping (hurt) by the plar bear. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
7．（2024高三·北京·专题练习）She called fr actin t address the struggles f peple arund the wrld (face) “t little water r t dirty water”.(所给词的适当形式填空)
8．（23-24高三上·黑龙江大庆·期末）Ken has really gt the jb because he shwed me the fficial letter (ffer) him it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．（23-24高三上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）They talk t the fld f internatinal turists and t (visit) Chinese zkeepers wh ften cme t check n the pandas, which are n lan frm China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．（23-24高三上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left (want) mre next time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．（23-24高三上·河北衡水·期中）Je is prud and stubbrn, never (admit) he is wrng and always lking fr smene else t blame. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12．（23-24高三上·江苏·开学考试）The rm (measure) five meters acrss is cmfrtable t live in. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】measuring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个房间宽五米，住起来很舒服。分析句子可知，空处作rm的后置定语，是非谓语动词，measure“（某物的）长度为……”和rm逻辑上是主动关系，且此处表示状态，因此应用measure的现在分词形式。故填measuring。
1． (wrk) fr tw days, Steve managed t finish his reprt n schedule. （用单词适当形式填空）
2．Thugh Lin Qiazhi never married, she was knwn as the “mther f ten thusand babies”, (deliver) ver 50,000 babies in her lifetime. (所给词的适当形式填空）
3．As the light turned green, I std fr a mment, nt (mve), and asked myself what I was ging t d.
4．The ancient twn is s peaceful that it is wrth (visit) a secnd time.(所给词的适当形式填空)
5．The career yu have decide (define) yur life, and s (take) time t think abut it is an essential exercise. （所给词的适当形式填空）
6．I remembered (lck) the dr befre I left the ffice, but frgt t turn ff the lights. (所给词的适当形式填空）
7．Lk at the sign! “N (swim)”. Yu can't swim here. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in histry r (walk)thrugh a rainfrest. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．It is up t the (regulate) authrity t put the measures int effect. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10． (trap) in the river fr five hurs makes the thief lk very pale and exhausted. (所给词的适当形式填空)
（2024·北京·高考真题）
One day, I saw a by walking alng Gerge Street with an armful f bks. I thught ___18___ myself, “Why wuld he carry all his bks? ” Just then, sme kids ran at him, ___19___ (knck) his bks ut f his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went ut t him, and I ___20___ (jg) ver t him. As I handed him the glasses, he lked at me and said, “Thanks!”
（2023·北京·高考真题）
Nina has run marathns in 32 cuntries. All f her runs have a guiding purpse: t call attentin 40 glbal water issues. Nina recently finished her year-lng series f runs in Chicag, 41 thusands were attending a water cnference.She called fr actin 42 (address)the struggles f peple arund the wrld 43 (face) “t little water r t dirty water”. Her effrts have encuraged thers t take part by running thrugh a glbal campaign called“Run Blue”.
附其它卷区高考真题
1.（2023新高考I卷）N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left __________ (want) mre next time.
2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, __________ (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
3. (2022全国乙卷) T strengthen the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, ___________(invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
4. (2022全国甲卷） He flew 4, 700 kilmeters frm Xi’an t Kashgar n seat 20, ___________ (plan) t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
题型
非谓语动词-ving
语法填空
考查方向
考频
考点
2024
——
0
————
2023
——
0
————________________________________
2022
1
1
题型
考情统计
语法
填空
&
改错
年份
卷别
现在分词
动名词
考点
2024
新高考Ⅰ卷
engineering
作定语
2023
新高考Ⅰ卷
wanting
作宾补
新高考II卷
visiting
作定语
全国甲卷
brrwing
warning
作状语、宾语
全国乙卷
Having visited
recrding
作状语、宾语
2022
新高考I卷
Cvering
作状语
新高考II卷
falling
作定语
全国甲卷
planning
staying（改错）
作状语
全国乙卷
inviting
causing(改错)
作状语、时态
浙江6月卷
existing
作定语
浙江1月卷
changing
作时态
时态
主动形式
被动形式
一般式
ding
being dne
完成式
having dne
having been dne
cnsider, suggest/advise, lk frward t, excuse/pardn ; 考虑建议盼原谅；
admit, delay/put ff, fancy; 承认推迟没得想；
avid,miss, keep/keep n, practise; 避免错过继续练；
deny, finish, enjy/appreciate; 否认完成就欣赏；
frbid, imagine, risk; 禁止想象才冒险；
can’t help, mind, allw/permit, escape; 不禁介意准逃亡；
be used t d被用来做
be used t ding习惯于；适应于；
frget t d sth 忘记去做某事；
frget ding sth 忘记已经做过某事；
remember t d sth记住去做某事；
remember ding sth记得曾经做过某事；
regret t d sth遗憾去做某事；
regret ding sth后悔做过某事；
stp t d sth停下来去做另一件事；
stp ding sth停止做一件事；
try t d sth努力/试图做某事；
try ding sth尝试着做某事；
mean t d sth已与/企图做某事；
mean ding sth意味着做某事；
g n t d sth（做完某事）接着做另一件事；g n ding sth继续做同一件事；
can’t help t d sth不能帮助做某事；
can’t help ding sth情不自禁地做某事；
a walking stick ＝a stick fr walking=a stick which is used fr walking
a washing machine=a machine fr washing
a fishing net渔网；
a swimming pl游泳池；
a reading rm阅览室；
a sleeping car卧铺车厢
用法
句型
1.位于句首，动名词直接作主语。
Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。
2. It作形式主语，动名词作真正主语。
It is n use/gd ding….
3.用于There is n ding…固定句型。
There is n denying...
Yur task is cleaning the windws. = Cleaning the windws is yur task.
What I hate mst is being laughed at. = Being laughed at is what I hate mst.
My jb is cleaning the huse three times a week.＝Cleaning the huse three times a week is my jb.
当动名词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时，应在动名词前加上其逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构，
形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+ding。
Her cming t help encuraged all f us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。
2. 人称代词宾格/名词普通格+ding。
He suggested students ging t schl n ft. 他建议学生们步行上学。
I wnder, Mr Tim, if yu’d mind us asking sme questin. Tim先生，不知您是否介意我们问几个问题。
场合
示例
want/need/require ding=t be dne需要做某事
My rm requires cleaning every day. 我的房间每天需要打扫。
be wrth ding=be wrthy f being dne值得做
This bk is wrth reading. 这本书值得一读。
deserve ding=deserve t be dne值得做
He deserved t be punished.=He deserved punishing.他应受惩罚。