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2026年中考英语专题复习讲义(通用版)——动词词义辨析(一)(含答案)
展开 这是一份2026年中考英语专题复习讲义(通用版)——动词词义辨析(一)(含答案),文件包含人教A版高二数学上学期期中复习讲与练专题13直线与圆锥曲线原卷版docx、人教A版高二数学上学期期中复习讲与练专题13直线与圆锥曲线解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共86页, 欢迎下载使用。
The waiter ___ away ur empty plates after dinner.
Please ___ me a glass f water frm the kitchen.
答案:1. take(离开时带走) 2. carried(无方向搬运) 3. fetch(往返取物)
►第2组:say/tell/speak/talk
●用法精讲:
say:强调说话内容(+直接引语/内容)
tell:侧重告知对象(+sb. sth.)
speak:指语言能力/正式发言(+语言)
talk:侧重交谈过程(+with/t/abut)
速记:say内容,tell对象,speak语言,talk交流
●典型例题:
The teacher ___ us an interesting stry yesterday.
A. said B. tld C. spke D. talked
答案:B(强调告知对象"us")
●举一反三:
Can yu ___ Chinese fluently?
They ___ abut the mvie fr hurs.
"I'll be back sn," she ___.
答案:1. speak(语言能力) 2. talked(持续交谈) 3. said(说话内容)
►第3组:lk/see/watch
●用法精讲:
lk:有意识地看(+at)
see:无意识地看见(强调结果)
watch:专注地观看(动态画面,如电视、比赛)
速记:see是结果,lk是动作,watch专注看
●典型例题:
___! There's a rainbw in the sky!
A. See B. Lk C. Watch D. Stare
答案:B(提醒对方注意看)
●举一反三:
I ___ a strange bird in the tree this mrning.
We ___ the basketball game n TV last night.
She ___ at the map carefully t find the rute.
答案:1. saw(无意识看见) 2. watched(专注观看) 3. lked(有意识看)
►第4组:wear/put n/dress
●用法精讲:
wear:穿着(状态)
put n:穿上(动作)
dress:给某人穿衣(+sb.)或自己穿衣(+neself)
速记:put n穿,wear穿着,dress打扮
●典型例题:
It's cld utside. ___ yur cat befre ging ut.
A. Wear B. Put n C. Dress D. Try n
答案:B(强调穿的动作)
●举一反三:
She always ___ a red scarf in winter.
The mther ___ her baby every mrning.
He ___ quickly and rushed t schl.
答案:1. wears(状态) 2. dresses(为他人穿衣) 3. dressed(自己穿衣)
►第5组:spend/cst/take
●用法精讲:
spend:人花费时间/金钱(+时间/钱+n sth.或ding)
cst:物花费金钱(+金钱)
take:事情花费时间(+it+时间+t d)
速记:spend人花钱,cst物花钱,take事花时间
●典型例题:
The new phne ___ me ¥3000.
A. spent B. cst C. tk D. paid
答案:B(物作主语)
●举一反三:
I ___ tw hurs finishing my hmewrk.
It ___ him three days t repair the car.
Hw much did the cncert ticket ___?
答案:1. spent(人花时间) 2. tk(事花时间) 3. cst(物花钱)
►第6组:rise/raise
●用法精讲:
rise:不及物动词,指自身升起(太阳/水位)
raise:及物动词,指抬高某物(raise hands/vice)
速记:rise自升,raise抬物
●典型例题:
The sun ___ at 6 a.m. in summer.
A. raises B. rises C. lifts D. arises
答案:B(太阳自身升起)
●举一反三:
He ___ his hand t ask a questin.
Prices have ___ by 10% this year.
The farmer ___ chickens n his farm.
答案:1. raised(抬手) 2. risen(价格自涨) 3. raises(饲养动物)
►第7组:lie/lay
●用法精讲:
lie:不及物,指躺/位于(lie-lay-lain)
lay:及物,指放置(lay-laid-laid)
速记:lie躺,lay放
●典型例题:
The cat ___ n the sfa all afternn.
A. lay B. laid C. lied D. lain
答案:A(过去式,躺)
●举一反三:
Please ___ the bks n the table.
The village ___ at the ft f the muntain.
She has ___ in bed fr three days.
答案:1. lay(放置) 2. lies(位于) 3. lain(躺的完成式)
►第8组:brrw/lend
●用法精讲:
brrw:借入(+frm)
lend:借出(+t)
速记:brrw进,lend出
●典型例题:
Culd yu ___ me yur pen? I frgt mine.
A. brrw B. lend C. keep D. return
答案:B(借出)
●举一反三:
May I ___ yur dictinary?
The library ___ bks t students fr free.
He ___ sme mney frm his friend.
答案:1. brrw(借入) 2. lends(借出) 3. brrwed(借入)
►第9组:hpe/wish
●用法精讲:
hpe:可实现愿望(+t d/从句用直陈语气)
wish:难以实现愿望(+虚拟语气)
速记:hpe现实,wish虚拟
●典型例题:
I ___ I culd fly like a bird.
A. hpe B. wish C. expect D. want
答案:B(虚拟语气)
●举一反三:
We ___ t see yu again sn.
She ___ yu a happy birthday.
They ___ they had mre time.
答案:1. hpe(现实愿望) 2. wished(祝福) 3. wished(虚拟)
►第10组:lse/miss
●用法精讲:
lse:丢失物品(lse key/wallet)
miss:错过机会/未见到(miss bus/chance)
速记:lse丢物,miss错过
●典型例题:
Hurry up, r we'll ___ the last train.
A. lse B. miss C. frget D. drp
答案:B(错过)
●举一反三:
He ___ his wallet n the bus.
I ___ yu very much when yu're away.
She ___ the target during the shting practice.
答案:1. lst(丢失) 2. miss(想念) 3. missed(未击中)
►第11组:find/find ut
●用法精讲:
find:偶然发现(+宾语)
find ut:查明真相(+从句/疑问词)
速记:find偶然,find ut查明
●典型例题:
Please ___ wh brke the windw.
A. find B. find ut C. discver D. search
答案:B(查明真相)
●举一反三:
I ___ a cin n the sidewalk.
We need t ___ when the meeting starts.
Scientists ___ a new planet last year.
答案:1. fund(偶然发现) 2. find ut(查明) 3. discvered(科学发现)
►第12组:win/beat
●用法精讲:
win:赢得比赛/奖项(+game/prize)
beat:击败对手(+cmpetitr)
速记:win赢物,beat赢人
●典型例题:
Our team ___ the champinship last year.
A. wn B. beat C. defeated D. gained
答案:A(赢得冠军)
●举一反三:
He ___ his brther at chess.
She ___ first prize in the cmpetitin.
They ___ the enemy in the battle.
答案:1. beat(击败人) 2. wn(赢得奖项) 3. defeated(击败对手)
►第13组:arrive/reach
●用法精讲:
arrive:不及物(+at/in)
reach:及物(+地点名词)
速记:arrive接介词,reach接地点
●典型例题:
We ___ Beijing at 8 p.m. yesterday.
A. arrived B. reached C. gt D. came
答案:B(及物动词接地点)
●举一反三:
They ___ at the statin early.
The letter ___ me this mrning.
When will yu ___ in Shanghai?
答案:1. arrived(+at) 2. reached(信件送达) 3. arrive(+in)
►第14组:refuse/reject
●用法精讲:
refuse:拒绝请求/邀请(+t d)
reject:否决提案/拒绝接受(+名词)
速记:refuse拒行动,reject拒事物
●典型例题:
He ___ t answer the questin.
A. refused B. rejected C. declined D. denied
答案:A(拒绝做某事)
●举一反三:
The cmpany ___ his applicatin.
She ___ my invitatin plitely.
The bard ___ the prpsal.
答案:1. rejected(否决申请) 2. declined(婉拒邀请) 3. rejected(否决提案)
►第15组:hear/listen
●用法精讲:
hear:无意识地听到(强调结果)
listen:有意识地听(+t)
速记:hear结果,listen动作
●典型例题:
___ t the teacher carefully!
A. Hear B. Listen C. Sund D. Listen t
答案:D(有意识听)
●举一反三:
Can yu ___ the birds singing?
I ___ but culd ___ nthing.
They ___ t the radi every mrning.
答案:1. hear(听到) 2. listened; hear(听但未闻) 3. listen(收听)
三、模拟闯关
1.The new plicy will ___ effect next mnth.
A. take B. make C. have D. bring
2.Yu shuld ___ yur answers befre handing in the paper.
A. check B. examine C. test D. verify
3.The charity aims t ___ help t the earthquake victims.
A. send B. prvide C. ffer D. supply
4.The sun ___ behind the muntains at dusk.
A. raised B. rse C. lifted D. arse
5.Please ___ the bks t the library tmrrw.
A. return B. give C. take D. bring
6.He ___ his vice s that everyne culd hear him.
A. rse B. raised C. lifted D. arse
7.Can yu ___ me yur dictinary fr a mment?
A. brrw B. lend C. keep D. return
8.I ___ t visit Paris next summer.
A. hpe B. wish C. expect D. want
9.She ___ her keys n the bus yesterday.
A. lst B. missed C. frgt D. left
10.Scientists ___ a new species in the rainfrest.
A. invented B. discvered C. created D. fund ut
11.The team ___ the champinship last seasn.
A. wn B. beat C. defeated D. gained
12.We ___ at the airprt tw hurs befre departure.
A. arrived B. reached C. gt D. came
13.He ___ t answer the difficult questin.
A. refused B. rejected C. declined D. denied
14.___! The baby is crying.
A. Hear B. Listen C. Sund D. Listen t
15.It's hard t ___ between the tw ptins.
A. decide B. chse C. select D. pick
16.The mechanic will ___ yur car tmrrw.
A. repair B. mend C. fix D. recver
17.The bad news ___ her deeply.
A. hurt B. injured C. wunded D. harmed
18.Firefighters ___ peple frm burning buildings.
A. prevent B. prtect C. save D. rescue
19.I ___ t help yu with yur prject.
A. agree B. prmise C. allw D. accept
20.She ___ a gift but didn't ___ it.
A. received; accept B. accepted; receive C. gt; receive D. tk; accept
四、答案与解析
◆答案:
1-5: AACBD 6-10: BBAAA 11-15: AAABA 16-20: CADBA
◆解析:
1.A take effect为固定搭配,表示"生效"
2.A check指快速检查,examine强调仔细审查,此处用check更符合语境
3.C ffer help为主动提供帮助,prvide/supply需接具体物资
4.B rise表示太阳自身升起,raise为及物动词需接宾语
5.B return指归还,give为给予,此处强调归还动作
6.B raise ne's vice为固定搭配,表示"提高嗓门"
7.B lend表示借出(lend sb. sth.),brrw为借入
8.A hpe t d表示可实现愿望,wish t d多用于虚拟语气
9.A lse指丢失物品,miss指错过机会/未见到
10.B discver指发现客观存在的事物,invent指发明新事物
11.A win后接比赛、奖项,beat后接对手
12.A arrive at+小地点,reach+地点名词,get t+地点
13.A refuse t d拒绝做某事,reject后接名词
14.B listen表示听的动作,hear强调结果
15.B chse between在两者间选择,decide后常接t d
16.C fix可指修理机械设备,repair/mend多用于修补物品
17.A hurt可指情感伤害,injure/wund指身体伤害
18.D rescue指紧急救援,save侧重挽救生命
19.B prmise t d承诺做某事,agree t d同意做
20.A receive指客观收到,accept指主观接受
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