2026年高考英语（外研版）一轮复习配套课件 选择性必修第二册 Unit 3　Times change!

Unit 3　Times change!选择性必修第二册单元词句识记内容 索 引单元默写检测核心知识突破关键能力考查写作素养培优课时作业单 元 词 句 识 记Ⅰ.阅读单词1.tablet n.　　　　平板电脑2.shelf n.搁板,架子3.brick n.砖,砖块4.exterior n.外部,外观5.stationery n.文具6.saleswoman n.女销售员7.leadership n.领导;领导地位8.organic adj.有机的;绿色的9.recital n.朗诵会10.jazz n.爵士乐11.pave v.铺(路、地面等)12.initiative n.倡议13.cafeteria n.自助餐厅14.emoji n.表情符号15.integral adj.不可缺少的16.pictograph n.象形图17.facial adj.脸上的;面部的18.textspeak n.短信简写语19.pictorial adj.图画的20.secondary adj.次要的,第二位的21.comic n.连环漫画22.costume n.化装服Ⅱ.核心单词1.in the past decades 　　 　在过去的几十年里2.care for the elderly 照顾老人3.be enveloped in mist 笼罩在薄雾中4.the journalists’ questions 记者的问题5.modern era 当今时代6.reforms in education 教育改革7.work alongside adults 与成人一起工作8.an essential component 重要的组成部分9.fall into a different category 属于不同的类别10.communicate by gesture 用手势交流11.touch my soul 触动我的心灵12.facilitate your understanding 促进你的理解Ⅲ.一词多义1.bunch n.一群,一伙;串,束①a bunch of kids 一群孩子②a bunch of bananas 一串香蕉③a huge bunch of flowers 一大束花2.humble adj.简陋的;谦虚的;卑微的①a humble restaurant 一个简陋的餐馆②a humble man 一位谦虚的人③a man of humble birth 一个出身卑微的人3.solid adj.坚实的,可靠的;坚硬的 n.固体①solid evidence 可靠的证据②a solid object 一个坚硬的物体③use solid fuel 使用固体燃料Ⅳ.派生单词1.legendary adj.　　大名鼎鼎的,传奇式的legend n.传奇,传奇故事2.fixture n.固定存在物fix vt.使固定;安装3.sympathy n.同情;赞同,支持sympathize v.同情;赞同,支持sympathetic adj.同情的;有同情心的;赞同的4.dusty adj.布满灰尘的dust n.灰尘5.furniture n.家具furnish v.布置家具;提供;供应furnished adj.配备家具的6.compete v.竞争competition n.竞争,比赛competitor n.竞争者,参赛者competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的7.emphasise v.强调emphasis n.强调;重视,重要性8.reconstruction n.重建;修复construct v.建设construction n.建设9.socialist adj.社会主义的 n. 社会主义者social adj.社会(上)的society n.社会socialism n.社会主义10.economic adj.经济(上)的;经济学的economy n.经济;节约11.occupation n.工作,职业occupy v.占有;居住于;使忙碌;使从事12.expand v.(使)扩大;增加;扩展;详述,详细阐明expansion n.增加,扩展13.emotional adj.情绪(上)的,情感(上)的emotion n.感情,情绪14.intention n.意图,目的intend vt.打算,计划15.adaptation n.改编版;改编;适应adapt vt.使适应;改编,改写 vi.适应16.accessible adj.易懂的;可进入的access n.(使用或见到的)机会,权利;通路17.tendency n.倾向;偏好;趋势,趋向tend v.往往会;趋向;照料18.educator n.教育工作者;教育学家educate v.教育education n.教育educational adj.教育的19.urgently adv.紧急地;急迫地urge vt.催促;力劝 n.强烈的欲望urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的;急切的urgency n.紧迫,迫切20.convincing adj.有说服力的,使人信服的convince v.使相信,使信服;说服,劝说convinced adj.坚信的;确信的convincingly adv.令人信服地Ⅴ.短语词块1.drop in/by 　　　　顺便造访,临时来访2.wave goodbye to 向……挥手道别3.take over 接管,接任4.pop up 突然出现,冒出来5.pave the way for... 铺平道路;创造条件6.reply with 以……回应7.search for 寻找,搜寻8.spread to 蔓延至,扩散到9.for good 永久,永远10.in good hands 在可靠的人手里;被照顾得很好11.a bunch of 一群;一束;一堆12.a string of 一串Ⅵ.教材佳句1.The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business,I was heartbroken.(the day引导时间状语从句)听说经营了50年的彩虹书店要停业的那天,我的心都要碎了。2.While waiting outside the cafeteria,I received the following message from my friend...(状语从句的省略)在自助餐厅外等待的时候,我收到了来自朋友的以下信息……3.Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures,and forget how to write properly. (“疑问词+不定式”作宾语)也许有一天,人们会选择用图画来交流,而忘记如何正确地书写。4.Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore.(情绪描写)他深深地叹了口气,告诉我经营一家独立书店变得多么困难。5.When I left the bookstore,it was becoming cold and dark outside.I turned to wave goodbye to Casey, but both he and his bookstore were already hidden in a thick mist. (环境描写)我离开书店的时候,外面变得又冷又黑。我转身向凯西挥手告别,但他和书店都已经消失在浓雾中。▶构词法日积月累单 元 默 写 检 测Step One　写一写Ⅰ.阅读单词1.gather dust on the shelf 　　在　　　　　　上积灰尘 2.a pile of bricks 一摞　　　　　　 3.the exterior of the house 房子的　　　　　　 4.organic fertilizer 　　　　　　　肥料 5.pave the way 　　　　　　　道路 6.campus clean-up initiatives 校园清理　　　　　　 架子砖外观有机铺平倡议7.food in the cafeteria 　　　　　　　里的食物 8.an integral part 　　　　　　　一部分 9.facial expressions 　　　　　　　表情 10.a secondary consideration 一个　　　　　　因素 11.learn English from comics从　　　　　　　中学英语 12.a clown costume 小丑　　　　　　 自助餐厅不可缺少的面部次要的连环漫画服Ⅱ.核心单词1.　　　　　　 n.十年;十年期 2.　　　　　　 n.组成部分 3.　　　　　　 n.时代,年代 4.　　　　　　 n.改进;改革 5.　　　　　　 n.类别 6.　　　　　　 n.手势,姿势 7.　　　　　　 n.精神 8.　　　　　　 v.促进;使便利 decadecomponenterareformcategorygesturesoulfacilitateⅢ.派生单词1.　　　　　　 n.传奇,传奇故事→　　　　　　 adj.大名鼎鼎的,传奇式的 2.　　　　　　 n.同情;赞同,支持→　　　　　　 v.同情;赞同,支持→____________adj.同情的;有同情心的;赞同的 3.　　　　　　v.竞争→　　　　　 n.竞争,比赛→　　　　　　 n.竞争者,参赛者→　　　　　　　　adj.竞争的;有竞争力的4.　　　　　　 n.强调;重视,重要性→　　　　　　　v.强调legendlegendarysympathysympathizesympatheticcompetecompetitioncompetitorcompetitiveemphasisemphasise5.　　　　　　 v.占有;居住于;使忙碌;使从事→　　　　　　 n.工作,职业 6.　　　　　　 v.(使)扩大;增加;扩展;详述,详细阐明→_____________ n.增加,扩展 7.　　　　　　 n.感情,情绪→　　　　　　adj.情绪(上)的,情感(上)的8.　　　　　　 vt.打算,计划→　　　　　　n.意图,目的9.　　　　　　 vt.使适应;改编,改写 vi.适应→　　　　　　 n.改编版;改编;适应 occupyoccupationexpandexpansionemotionemotional intendintentionadaptadaptation10.　　　　　　n.(使用或见到的)机会,权利;通路→　　　　　　 adj.易懂的;可进入的 11.　　　　　　 v.往往会;趋向;照料→　　　　　　n.倾向;偏好;趋势,趋向12.　　　　　　 vt.催促;力劝 n.强烈的欲望→ 　　　　　　 adj.紧急的;急迫的;急切的→ 　　　　　　 n.紧迫,迫切→　　　　　　 adv.紧急地;急迫地 accessaccessibletendtendencyurgeurgenturgencyurgently13.　　　　　　 v.使相信,使信服;说服,劝说→ 　　　　　　　 adj.有说服力的,使人信服的→ 　　　　　　　 adj.坚信的;确信的→ ____________ adv.令人信服地convinceconvincingconvincedconvincinglyⅣ.短语互译1.　　　　　　　　　　 一群;一束;一堆 2.　　　　　　　　　　 向……挥手道别 3.　　　　　　　　　　 接管,接任 4.　　　　　　　　　　 铺平道路;创造条件 5.　　　　　　　　　　 以……回应 a bunch ofwave goodbye totake overpave the way for...reply with6.pop up 　　　　　　　　　　　　 7.for good 　　　　　　　 8.in good hands 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 9.search for 　　　　　　　 10.a string of 　　　　　　　 突然出现,冒出来永久,永远在可靠的人手里;被照顾得很好寻找,搜寻一串Ⅴ.句式仿写1.句型公式:the day引导时间状语从句　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he hugged me, with tears of gratitude, saying, “You are a truly good nurse, thank you.”(动作+情绪描写) 出院那天,他含着感激的泪水拥抱了我,说:“你真是个好护士,谢谢你。”The day he left hospital2.句型公式:状语从句的省略　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　,she was a little worried  about Jasper making mistakes.(心理描写)在等待晚餐时,她有点担心贾斯珀会犯错误。While waiting for the dinner served3.句型公式:“疑问词+不定式”作宾语I’m glad to be invited by the International Student Center to give you a talk on 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and avoid losses.(演讲稿)我很高兴受到国际学生中心的邀请,给大家做一个关于如何保护自己和避免损失的演讲。how to protect yourselvesStep Two　练一练Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1.The computer f　　　　　　 our work efficiency and entertainment, making it easy for us to contact each other. 2.Past three d　　　　 have witnessed the evolution of the computer. 3.Recently, our school is carrying out a program, which calls on everyone to throw rubbish into the right dustbin according to the four c　　　　　. acilitatesecadesategories4.The course has four main c　　　　　　:business law, finance, computing and management skills. 5.To the children of this connected e　　　　　　, the world is one giant social network.omponentsraⅡ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1.All the excited 　　　　　　who are relatively ________________ are_________________ for the honor of winning the gold medal in the 　　　　　　.(compete) 2.The rich man went abroad with the 　　　　　　　　　　　 of trying his fortune,while the poor man 　　　　　　　　　　　 to learn some skills of earning money.(intend)competitorscompetitivecompetingcompetitionintentionintended3.Although I have 　　　　　　for people in difficulty, it is very hard for me to 　　　　　　with the young man begging on the street; in other words, I do not feel 　　　　　　towards him at all. (sympathy) 4.The film is 　　　　　　from his story.It mainly tells us his quick _________________to the new environment, and in fact, at first he thought he couldn’t 　　　　　　himself to the changed environment.(adapt) sympathysympathizesympatheticadaptedadaptationadapt5.I had a sudden 　　　　　to tell the boss what was the ___________ matter because of the 　　　　　　of time. (urge) 6.From his 　　　　　　words,I was entirely 　　　　　　of his ability to tackle this problem perfectly.(convince) urgeurgenturgencyconvincingconvincedⅢ.短语填空pop up1.You solved one problem and another would immediately 　　　　　　　. 2.A reasonable understanding of technology will undoubtedly ___________________bettering our life. 3.Showering him with 　　　　　　　　thanks, we immediately set out to purchase things, and then headed for Harlem. pave the way fora string of4.I want to buy Mum 　　　　　　　　flowers as a birthday present because she likes flowers very much. 5.He 　　　　　　　　a nod,indicating his agreement with the proposal. a bunch ofreplied withⅣ.串记练习阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Looking at the new house made of 1.　　　　　　　 (brick),the elderly man remembered back to the day when he arrived.It happened four 2.____________________ (decade)ago.That was a 3.____________ (mist)day,4.______________ bunch of children playing happily outside.bricksdecadesmistyaEverything was 5.　　　(dust) and humble.He had intended to work here for one year,but finding the 6.　　　　(urge) need for teachers here, he decided to stay as a teacher.The children’s 7.___________ (convince) smiles made him willing to stay here.To express thanks to the elderly man,the villagers took on the 8.　　　　　　 (reconstruct) of the house where he lived.The way was also 9._______________ (pave)around the house.Past memories popping 10.______________ now and then,the elderly man felt warm and happy.dustyurgentconvincingreconstructionpavedup核 心 知 识 突 破No.1 热考词汇No.3 写作迁移No.2 熟词生义/一词多义1.sympathy n.同情;赞同,支持→sympathize v.同情;赞同,支持→sympathetic adj.同情的;有同情心的;赞同的佳句背诵　As time went by, the night began to fall and the stars appeared in the sky, twinkling at us with sympathy.(拟人,环境描写)随着时间的流逝,夜幕降临,天上出现星星,闪烁着同情的目光。have/feel sympathy for　　　同情某人out of sympathy出于同情with sympathy同情地be sympathetic to/towards...赞同某事;同情某人以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作①Did he get tired?Have doubts?Did he want to quit?I____________ (sympathy)  immediately.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)②Mrs Meredith 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　who urgently needed help,and 　　　　　　　　,she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(善行)  梅雷迪思夫人同情那些急需帮助的穷人,出于同情,她一有时间就给他们送去食物和药品。sympathized was sympathetic towards/to the poor/had sympathy for the poorout of sympathy2.compete v.竞争→competition n.竞争,比赛→competitor n.竞争者,参赛者→competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的佳句背诵　Life is like a long competitive race in which we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves.(比喻,主旨升华)人生就像一场漫长的竞赛,我们与别人竞争,以超越自己。compete in　参加……比赛;在……方面竞争compete for为……而竞争compete with/against...for...为争取……而与……对抗/竞争以练促学　完成语段As the youngest Chinese 　　　　　　　,she 　　　　　　　　the women’s 10-meter platform diving ________________other athletes _____gold medals.She must be very 　　　　　　  so that she could win.作为中国最年轻的参赛者,她参加了女子10米跳台比赛,为争夺金牌与其他运动员竞争。她必须非常有竞争力,这样她才能赢。competitorcompeted inwith/againstforcompetitive3.convincing adj.有说服力的,使人信服的→convince v.使相信,使信服;说服,劝说→convinced adj.坚信的;确信的→convincingly adv.令人信服地佳句背诵　Not only does he work seriously,but his words are also very convincing.(人物介绍)他不仅做事认真,而且他的话也很有说服力。convince sb that...　　使某人确信……convince sb of sth使某人信服某事convince sb to do sth说服/劝说某人做某事be convinced of sth/that... 坚信;确信……以练促学　单句写作/完成语段①Despite moments of frustration, I________________________________________.  尽管偶尔会有些沮丧,但我坚信我的参与是有意义的。②Jack has been ill throughout the week and his mother is trying to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. Obviously,her words __________________ and she soon 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 杰克病了整整一周,他母亲正试图说服他去看医生。显然,她的话很有说服力,她很快就让他相信了她的担忧。 am convinced that my participation was fulfillingconvince him to see a doctorare very convincingconvinces him of her concern4.take over 控制;接管,接任佳句背诵　I remember the day shyness took over my life.(心理描写)我记得那天我非常害羞。take in 吸收;吸入;收留,留宿;接纳;理解;欺骗take off 起飞;脱下;迅速流行;(事业等)步入正轨,腾飞take on 　　　　　呈现;雇用take up 从事;继续;拿起;占据take back 拿回;撤销take...for granted 认为……理所当然take away 拿走;带走以练促学　完成语段He 　　　　　　　　　that he would 　　　　　　the company from  his father and firmly believed that his career was sure to 　　　　　　　　,so he decided to 　　　　　　　　more employees.However,he was unfortunate 　　　　　　　　by traders and all his property 　　　　　　　　.Not losing heart,he __________________a new business and made up his mind to __________________what he had lost. took it for grantedtake overtake offtake onto be taken inwas taken awaytook uptake back他想当然地认为他会接管父亲的公司,并坚信他的事业定会腾飞,所以他决定雇用更多的员工。然而,不幸的是,他被贸易商欺骗,所有财产都被带走了。但他没有失去信心,开始从事新的生意,并下定决心夺回失去的一切。Standing here with this award is truly overwhelming.In this competition, we all competed with great passion.When I proposed my ideas, some were skeptical.But with convincing arguments, I won their support.I also feel sympathy for those who didn’t win.I promise to use this award to take over more challenges and contribute more.Thank you.1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①We don’t have good solid information on where the people are. 　　　　　　　 ②She has risen from humble origins to immense wealth.　　　　　 ③They’ll be able to furnish you with the rest of the details.　　　　　　　　 adj.可靠的adj.卑微的v.提供,供应④In Wickenden’s book,she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism,which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead.(2022·全国乙卷)　　　　　　　 v.详述,详细阐明2.选出adaptation的汉语意思A.n.改编　B.n.改编本　C.n.适应(性)B①I bought my son an adaptation for children of a play by Shakespeare.　　　 ②He’s working on a screen adaptation of his latest novel.　　　 ③To a new environment,there will be a process of adaptation,which relies on time.　　　 AC句型公式:“疑问词+不定式”作宾语课本原句:Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures,and forget how to write properly.　也许有一天,人们会选择用图画来交流,而忘记如何正确地书写。佳句背诵　Desperate and helpless,Jane knelt down,not knowing what to do next.(心理描写) 既绝望又无助,简跪了下去,不知道接下来做什么。(1)“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语,疑问词包括疑问代词(who、what、which)和疑问副词(when、where、how)。此外,连接词whether也适用。(2)“疑问词+不定式”结构可转换为从句。以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作①I am in a dilemma,because I really have no idea 　　　　　to accept her invitation or not. ②I’ve worked with children before,so I know what ____________ (expect) in my new job. ③I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on 　　　　　　　　　　　　.(求助信) 如果你能给我们一些如何改进机器人的建议,我会感激不尽的。whetherto expecthow to improve our robots关 键 能 力 考 查维度一　核心知识运用1.Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend 　　　　　　(answer) yes.(2024·北京卷) 2.My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, ____________(emphasise) the collaborating skills I acquired. (2024·北京卷) 3.Learn where 　　　　　　(look) for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) to answeremphasisingto look4.So far no one has 　　　　　　(convincing) made artificial life. (2023·北京卷) 5.By winning the Olympic all-around title,she became the first black woman to do so.She led the 　　　　　　(compete) from beginning to end.(2023·全国乙卷) 6.Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal’s call,the animals do not appear to use their voices 　　　　　　(intention) to communicate messages.(浙江1月卷) convincinglycompetitionintentionally7.All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, a _______________(sympathy) nature, and an ear that listens. 8.Would you drop 　　　　　　at my house this afternoon if it is convenient for you? 9.We have come into a new era 　　　　　　reform and creation happen constantly. 10.With the advances of technology,some traditional jobs may be gone__________________good. sympatheticinwherefor维度二　单句写作1.　　　　　　　　　　　　,he was greeted  by the warm embrace of his family,who had been eagerly awaiting his arrival.(the day引导时间状语从句)他回家的那天,被家人热情的拥抱所迎接,他们一直在热切地等待他的到来。The day he returned home2.　　　　　　,please contact the Literature & Art Department and submit your application and profile by May 16. (状语从句的省略) 如有兴趣,请联系文学艺术系,并在5月16日前提交您的申请和个人资料。3.Learning _________________________________________________ ________________is really fun.(“疑问词+不定式”作宾语)学习如何与来自不同文化和背景的人交朋友真的很有趣。If interested how to make friends with people from different cultures and backgrounds4.The woman was walking about outside the operation room,because her son 　　　　　　　　　　　　.(过去进行时的被动语态) 这个女士在手术室外面走来走去,因为她的儿子正在接受手术。5.The stone under her feet rolled,and as she_________________________________, she called out for help.(过去进行时的被动语态)她脚下的石头滚动着,当她被拖进河里时,她大声呼救。was being operated onwas being pulled intothe river维度三　单元知识拾遗The countryside is a charming sight.1.　　　　　　　 wind through fields.2.　　　　　　 lingers in the morning air.3.________________ stand firmly.A stream 4.　　　　　　　　 after a short walk.It’s a peaceful haven. 乡村的景色令人陶醉。尘土飞扬的小路蜿蜒穿过田野。清晨的空气中弥漫着薄薄的雾气。坚固的老式谷仓巍然屹立。步行不远就可看见一条小溪。这是一个宁静的避风港。Dusty pathsA light mistSolid old barnsis accessible写 作 素 养 培 优Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(短文投稿——表情符号的使用)假如你是李华,近年来,表情符号使用越来越多,校报正在就这种现象征求学生看法,请给该报投稿,内容包括:(1)现状;(2)看法。　根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达①在过去的十年里,表情符号在我们的日常交流中越来越不可缺少。(decade, emoji, integral)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 In the past decade, emojis have been increasingly integral in our daily communication.②当我们在微信上与他人聊天时,我们往往会使用表情符号。 (tend)　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ③它们具有情感功能,并且易于被人们理解。(emotional, accessible)　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ④当人们看到它们的时候,他们似乎看到了别人的面部表情。 (facial)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 When we chat with others on WeChat,we tend to use emojis.They have emotional functions and are accessible to people.When people see them,it seems that they see others’ facial expressions.⑤我们应该记住,如果我们想让别人理解我们的意图,我们主要依靠文字,表情符号是次要的。(intention, secondary)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 We should keep in mind that if we want to let others understand our intentions,we mainly depend on written words and that emojis are in secondary position.第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)In the past decade,emojis have been increasingly integral in our daily communication.When we chat with others on WeChat,we tend to use emojis.They have emotional functions and are accessible to people.When people see them,it seems that they see others’ facial expressions.However,we should keep in mind that if we want to let others understand our intentions, we mainly depend on written words and that emojis are in secondary position.Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升(根据提示续写2场景)场景导语:校门口出现交通堵塞→看到这个情况并考虑到汽车尾气对环境的污染,Leo和Matt决定采取行动解决这个问题→一起讨论,制订出计划:鼓励学生拼车、骑自行车或步行上学,并实行奖励措施……场景续写1:把计划交给学校当局→学校接纳了他们的计划→着手推进新措施→新措施逐步落实,取得了良好的效果With their plan in hand, Leo and Matt presented it to the school authorities.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 场景续写2:学校的交通拥堵有了明显的改善→给周围的人和社区带来积极的影响→他们的计划和努力影响到更多的人,让其他人也开始参与到可持续发展中来A few months passing by, the school traffic congestion had significantly improved.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 场景续写1With their plan in hand, Leo and Matt presented it to the school authorities.They were impressed with the students’ initiative and agreed to support their efforts.The school announced the new measures and encouraged everyone to participate.As the weeks progressed, the carpool system took shape, and more students started sharing rides.The bike racks were installed, and more students were seen cycling to school.The rewards system also proved to be a hit.Students who carpooled, cycled, or walked to school were rewarded with points that could be used for prizes, adding a fun element to the initiative and further motivating students to participate. 场景续写2A few months passing by, the school traffic congestion had significantly improved.The narrow streets were no longer clogged, and the air was clearer.Everyone was happier, and the school community felt more connected and environmentally responsible.They had not only solved a long-standing problem but also instilled a sense of sustainability and teamwork among their peers.Their story spread throughout the school and beyond, inspiring other students to take action and make a positive impact in their own communities.Efforts of responsibility and sustainability have finally paid off. 课 时 作 业Ⅰ.阅读理解(2025·陕西省宝鸡市高三三模)A shadowy figure sits alone in a room, his face dimly lit by a computer screen. With a grin, he types in a series of computer commands, and in the blink of an eye, someone’s bank account is drained to zero.In today’s digital age, cyberattacks like this happen thousands of times per day. Hackers can steal money, information, or completely take control of a machine from anywhere in the world. However, not all hackers are villains.Some hackers, called white hat or ethical hackers, are individuals who make the most of their hacking skills to identify security vulnerabilities (漏洞) in hardware, software and networks. Their job is crucial in preventing cyberattacks and safeguarding sensitive information. The term “white hat” originated from old cowboy movies, where heroes wore white hats and villains wore black ones. Like the heroes in cowboy movies, white hats seek to stop the bad guys and save the day.White hat hackers only seek vulnerabilities legally, often working on open-source software or with authorized access to systems. Once these weak spots are identified, companies or individuals can take steps to prevent serious breaches and losses. White hat hackers use a variety of different techniques to keep the internet safe. Penetration testing, for example, allows them to mimic cyberattacks and uncover system weaknesses. Security scanning tools allow white hats to identify holes in a network’s security systems. Simulating denial-of-service attacks (DoS attacks) helps companies prepare for attacks against their websites.Many of the world’s top white hat hackers began their journeys on the wrong side of the law. A prime example is Kevin Mitnick. This notorious hacker once held the title of “most wanted hacker” in the U.S. due to his cybercriminal activities in 1995. However, after being arrested and spending five years in jail, his life took a remarkable turn. Mitnick decided to use his hacking skills for ethical purposes, eventually establishing his own cybersecurity consulting company.If you aspire to be a white hat hacker, start by building a strong foundation in computer and network fundamentals. Good luck, computer cowboy!【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是在数字时代充分利用黑客技能来捍卫数字世界安全的“白帽黑客”。1.What does the underlined word “villains” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Evil-doers.B.Heroes.C.Attackers.D.Victims.√解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“In today’s digital age, cyberattacks like...in the world.”可知,在当今数字时代,很多黑客从世界的任何地方窃取金钱、信息或者是控制一台机器,结合however可知,画线单词所在的句子表示的内容与上文为转折关系,所以此处表示的是不是所有的黑客都是做不好的事情的人,由此可知,画线单词的意思与“做不好事情的人”的意义相近。故选A项。2.What can we learn about white hat hackers?A.They wear white hats in cowboy movies.B.They do everything to safeguard people’s information.C.They legally use their professional skills to help people.D.They find vulnerabilities for personal gain without doing harm.√解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“White hat hackers only seek vulnerabilities legally...to prevent serious breaches and losses.”可知,白帽黑客一般都是采用合法的途径进入系统,去发现系统的弱点,以便采取措施防止严重的违规和损失。由此可知,白帽黑客合法地使用他们的专业技能来帮助人们。故选C项。3.People skilled in computer and network can’t be top white hat hackers unless 　　　　　　. A.they obey the lawB.they identify security weak pointsC.they take measures to stop serious lossesD.they build their own cybersecurity consulting companies√解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Many of the world’s top white hat hackers began their journeys on the wrong side of the law.”可知,很多顶级的白帽黑客都是从违法开始自己的旅程,由此可知,精通计算机和网络的人不可能成为顶级白帽黑客的前提是要遵守法律,否则就会成为违法者。故选A项。4.What is the purpose of the text?A.To teach us how to stay secure online.B.To tell us how to be top white hackers.C.To warn us of the dangers of cyberattacks.D.To introduce defenders of the digital world.√解析　写作意图题。根据第二段以及下文介绍的白帽黑客的特点以及在保护数字世界安全方面的作用可知,本文的目的是介绍数字世界安全的捍卫者——白帽黑客。故选D项。(2025·宣城高三二模)July was the hottest month on record globally. High temperatures and serious wildfires have swept across the Northern Hemisphere. Oceanic heat waves are damaging the world’s third-largest coral reef off Florida. And as the levels of greenhouse gases continue to increase, it means many even hotter summers lie ahead.Last week, the United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres coined a new term. The time of “global warming” has ended, he announced, and the time of “global boiling” has arrived.But critics have strongly disagreed with the phrase. At one level, “global boiling” is clearly an overstatement, but “global warming” is now far too weak a description. Many climate scientists have pushed for the term “global heating” to be used in preference. Similarly, phrases such as “climate crisis” haven’t received enough attention. That’s because many of us still feel we haven’t seen this crisis with our own eyes.But that is changing. In the past few years, extreme weather and relevant events have struck many countries. Australia’s Black Summer brought wildfires that burned an area the size of the United Kingdom. Germany suffered serious flooding in 2021. The 2022 flood in Pakistan flooded large parts of the country. China has seen both droughts and floods. Terrible droughts have hit the Horn of Africa for many years. India has stopped rice exports due to damage from heavy rain.Critics of climate action often complain about what they see as the overuse of “crisis talk”. If everything is a crisis, nothing is a crisis.When Guterres uses deeply impactful phrases, he’s not inviting us to imagine a Hollywood-style disaster. What he’s hoping is to make people listen and act — now we can see what climate change looks like.Are there better phrases to describe this? Possibly. Take the challenge yourself: can you think up a brief, correct phrase to cover worsening local-and-regional-scale droughts, fires, typhoons and floods; damage to crops and food safety; water shortages; existential threats to coral reefs and low-lying communities? You can see how hard it is.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述,随着气候变化,“全球沸腾”的时代到来了。5.What does the underlined word “coined” in paragraph 2 mean?A.Explained.B.Invented.C.Valued.D.Accepted.√解析　词义猜测题。由文章第二段“Last week, the United Nations...of ‘global boiling’ has arrived.”可知,这里应指安东尼奥·古特雷斯“创造”出一个新术语。所以猜测coined表“创造”的意思。故选B项。6.What do critics think of the term “global boiling”?A.It is overused.B.It is exaggerated.C.It is lacking in enough attention.D.It is too weak to describe the problem.√解析　推理判断题。由文章第三段“But critics have strongly...is now far too weak a description.”可知,批评者认为用“全球沸腾”一词把实际情况夸大了。故选B项。7.What can we infer from paragraph 4?A.Climate crises are worsening.B.Several crises will be solved.C.People will face food shortages.D.People are taking effective measures.√解析　推理判断题。由文章第四段介绍多国正在与极端气候和相关事故作斗争可知,气候危机正在恶化。故选A项。8.What is Guterres’s hope in using deeply impactful phrases?A.To scare people into taking immediate action.B.To entertain readers with Hollywood-style stories.C.To provide a more accurate description of global warming.D.To make people aware of the severity of the climate crisis.√解析　细节理解题。由文章第六段“When Guterres uses deeply...can see what climate change looks like.”可知,古特雷斯希望使用极具影响力的短语,让人们意识到气候危机的严重性。故选D项。Ⅱ.完形填空I passed my test when I was 19,and I’ve been behind the wheel for most journeys since.After becoming a 　1　 eight years ago,I became more dependent on my car,thinking that it meant security for me and my child. I couldn’t 　2　 a world where I didn’t get around on four wheels,but that all 　3　 when I tried going car-free. Earlier this year,I 　4　 for a challenge posed by the climate charity to see what it would be like without my car for three weeks. I 　5　 an electric family bike.Straight away,I enjoyed having a break from driving,especially on the 　6　 run.What was once an unpredictable trip to my daughter’s school often stuck in traffic was now a 　7　 ride along the canal. And my daughter loved every moment of it,which gave me the 　8　 to know that we were doing the right thing. Giving up my car didn’t come without its 　9　. I work in a grocery,and although there are 　10　 car parking space,there isn’t enough bike parking space to 　11　 my bike securely.On balance,the benefits outweighed the disadvantages. I felt myself getting 　12　 because I was getting exercise during my commute (通勤的路程). I saved a bit of money every week just like other participants in this 　13　. I was surprised by how 　14　 it was to give up the car and get around on my bike. I 　15　 to think it was my duty as a parent to be a driver. Now it’s my duty to get on my bike whenever I can. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者曾经是一位依赖汽车的人,经过一次挑战三周不开车而骑自行车去接送女儿的经历后,发现这样不仅有趣、锻炼了身体,还节省了油钱。作者认为整体来说这样做利大于弊,并将继续进行下去。1.A.driverB.shopkeeperC.studentD.parent√解析　根据下文的“thinking that it meant security for me and my child”中的my child可知,作者八年前已经是一位父母了,故选D。2.A.imagineB.enterC.createD.explore√解析　根据上文的“I became more dependent on my car,thinking that it meant security for me and my child”可知,作者成为一位父母后,变得更加依赖汽车,认为这对他和孩子来说意味着安全。故本句指的是作者不能想象(imagine) 没有这四个轮子的汽车的情况下去四处逛是一个什么样的世界。enter“进入”;create“创造,创作”;explore“探索”。3.A.happenedB.workedC.changedD.mattered√解析　本句中的关键词是but,上文谈到作者非常依赖他的汽车,根据下文的“when I tried going car-free”可知,当作者尝试无车出行的时候一切都改变了(changed)。4.A.headed offB.signed upC.calmed downD.checked up√解析　根据下文作者没有用车出行可知,作者今年早些时候登记接受了气候慈善机构提出的挑战,看看没有车三周会是什么样子。故选sign up“报名参加”。head off“离开”;calm down“冷静下来”;check up“检查”。5.A.switchedB.boughtC.transformedD.donated√解析　上文谈到作者参加了一个三周不开车的挑战,故可推知本句指的是作者买了(bought)一个电动家庭自行车。switch“(使)改变,转变,突变”;transform“使改变外观(或性质),使改观”;donate“捐赠,赠送”。6.A.schoolB.groceryC.familyD.office√解析　根据下文的“an unpredictable trip to my daughter’s school”可知,此处表示作者尤其享受不开车接送女儿上下学的状态,故选school。7.A.wildB.dangerousC.funD.busy√解析　因为以前作者开车去女儿的学校经常堵车,现在骑车了,就能沿着运河骑行,作者应是觉得很有意思,故选fun。空后的“my daughter loved every moment of it”也是提示。8.A.reasonB.hopeC.lessonD.fuel√解析　作者的女儿喜欢骑行的每一刻,这给作者动力,让作者知道自己在做正确的事情,故选fuel“刺激因素”。9.A.shortcomingsB.doubtsC.requirementsD.rewards√解析　根据下文的没有足够的自行车停车场来安全地停放自行车可知,放弃开车是有缺点的。shortcoming“缺点”符合题意。doubt“疑惑”;requirement“所需的(或所要的)东西”;reward“奖励,回报”。10.A.permanentB.sufficientC.fewD.free√解析　根据下文的“there isn’t enough bike parking space”和空前的although可知,此处表示“虽然有足够的汽车停车位”,sufficient“足够的”符合题意。permanent“永久的”。11.A.cleanB.rideC.lockD.repair√解析　根据常识可知,在停车场停车是要把车锁起来的,故选lock“锁”。12.A.smarterB.richerC.luckierD.fitter√解析　根据下文的“I was getting exercise during my commute (通勤的路程)”可知,在作者的通勤期间作者锻炼了身体,故此处应是作者感到身体越来越健康,故选fitter“更健康”。13.A.stayB.researchC.trialD.conference√解析　根据第二段中谈到的“a challenge posed by the climate charity...for three weeks”可知,作者报名了一个慈善机构发出的挑战,看看三周不开车会怎样。故本空选trial“试验”。conference “会议”。14.A.pleasantB.awkwardC.preciousD.anxious√解析　上文谈到了作者通过这次挑战不开车而骑自行车的经历后,既感到有趣又锻炼了身体,又节省了油钱,故可知作者认为这样做是令人愉悦的。pleasant“令人愉快的”;awkward“令人尴尬的”;precious“宝贵的”;anxious“担心”。15.A.failedB.usedC.startedD.continued√解析　根据下文的Now可知本句指的是过去的事情,指的是作者过去曾经认为作为父母,作者有责任成为一名司机。used to do“过去惯常做,现在则不了”。知识拓展:used to do意为“过去常常”;be/get/become used to (doing)sth意为“(变得)习惯于(做)……”;be used to do sth意为“被用来做……”。 Ⅲ.语法填空China is known as Xia for its grand etiquette (礼仪) culture,and known as Hua for its beautiful attire (衣裳). With the 1.____________ (change) in society,economic development,and cultural development, clothing has evolved over thousands of years. However,while the forms may have been changed,the essence (本质) 2._______________ (remain) constant. “In ancient China,emperors like Huangdi,Yao,and Shun brought peace to the world through their clothing.” Clothing holds 3.________ significant place in Chinese culture. It is not only used for daily wear 4.　　　　　　(cover) the body and protect it from cold but also,as an instrument of management.In ancient Chinese society,there were strict rules and dress codes about clothing. The presence of clothing distinguished civilization 5.　　　　　　 barbarism (野蛮),whilechanges in color and style 6.　　　　　　(gradual) developed into a form of etiquette. Their design conveyed behavioral norms and 7.____________ (they) patterns were rich in cultural significance. Moreover,ancient attire was also an important carrier of morality. China has always been known as a nation 8.　　　　　　 values formal attire and etiquette. What is the Chinese style? It is something that makes people think of China as soon as they see it. For example,the horse-face skirt,which 9.　　　　　　(favor) by international brands and Chinese people for many years,will continue to be attractive. Chinese clothing,as a classical style,has been known to the world overnight with good opportunities. It’s not just a traditional costume style but also a source of 10.　　　　　　(admire). 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国的服装从古代到现代的发展过程,同时中国传统服装被国际品牌所青睐。1.change(s)　[考查名词的数。定冠词the后面用名词形式,故change在本句中作名词,表示“改变,变化”,此时change既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,故填change(s)。with the change(s) in society“随着社会的改变”。]2.remains　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文主要是以现在时叙述,主语the essence是单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数,填remains。句意:然而,虽然形式可能已经改变,但本质仍旧保持不变。]3.a　[考查冠词。此处是说“服装在中国文化中占有一个重要地位”。place在此表示“地位”,以单数形式出现,表泛指,应用不定冠词,significant的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。a significant place表示“一个重要的地位”。]4.to cover　[考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式结构作目的状语,表示服装的用途,故填to cover。句意:它不仅用于日常穿着来覆盖身体并保护其免受寒冷,而且还用作管理工具。]5.from　[考查介词。distinguish与from连用,表示“把……和……区别开来”,为固定用法。句意:服装的存在区分了文明与野蛮。]6.gradually　[考查词性转换。修饰动词developed用副词形式,gradually“逐渐地”。]7.their　[考查代词。修饰名词patterns用形容词性物主代词,故填their。句意:它们的设计传达了行为规范,它们的式样具有丰富的文化意义。]8.that/which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词为nation,故用that或which。]9.has been favored　[考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。空前的which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的skirt,句子缺少谓语动词,且主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系。根据“for many years”可知,应用现在完成时。主语为单数。由此可知本空填has been favored。句意:比如,被国际品牌和中国人青睐多年的马面裙,将继续具有吸引力。]10.admiration　[考查词性转换。介词of后面用名词作宾语,故填admiration“欣赏,赞赏”。句意:这不仅是一种传统的服装风格,而且是赞赏的一个缘由。]