高考英语【一轮复习】讲义练习Unit 1　Nature in the balance

这是一份高考英语【一轮复习】讲义练习Unit 1　Nature in the balance，共5页。试卷主要包含了 　　10， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
(2025江苏苏州期中)A review int whether wildlife cnservatin prjects arund the wrld actually wrk has fund success in tw-thirds f cases. Hwever, cnservatinists such as wildlife presenter Chris Packham have warned that much mre wrk is needed in rder t make a difference in tackling bidiversity crisis.
“It's imprtant t celebrate success，” Packham tld Science Fcus. “But at the same time, ne f the reasns I wuld argue we haven't dne enugh is that we've been t timid. We've been asking plitely rather than demanding directly. Nw we're running ut f time.” The new study, published in the jurnal Science, invlved scientists frm universities and institutins arund the wrld. T evaluate the verall impact f cnservatin wrk, they cnsidered 186 cnservatin prjects, frm lcal t cntinental scales, with a measurable impact. They cllected and standardized data n bidiversity levels befre and after the prjects.
The mst successful cnservatin, they fund, targeted species and ecsystems. These effrts included prjects like invasive(入侵的) species cntrl, reducing habitat lss and restring habitats, prtecting areas and managing ecsystems sustainably. Here, “success” meant either imprving bidiversity r at least slwing dwn its decline.
Many internatinal cnservatin gals have yet t be met, but the new study argues this is because researchers haven't previusly understd what the impact f wildlife cnservatin may be. Knwing whether current cnservatin methds are successful culd help t create mre accurate targets.
While celebratins fr individual species and lcal areas may be in rder, the researchers say the scale f cnservatin must be significantly increased, “particularly beynd the traditinal cnservatin field，” if we're ging t slve the glbal bidiversity crisis. Threats t species have been caused by human-generated climate change, habitat destructin and pllutin.
“While we've been recrding these disastrus declines, we have als been putting tgether this tlkit(工具箱) fr recvery，” Packham said. “But as the paper very sadly and accurately pints ut, we simply haven't been ding it rapidly and bradly enugh. That's the bttm line.”
( )1. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the review?
A. It is written by a wildlife presenter.
B. It is praised by many cnservatinists.
C. It shws the psitive results f cnservatin effrts.
D. It calls fr mre wrk t tackle bidiversity crisis.
( )2. What des the underlined wrd “timid” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Cautius. B. Prud.
C. Frank. D. Brave.
( )3. Hw can the new study help further wildlife cnservatin?
A. By cllecting varius data. B. By reducing habitat lss.
C. By targeting species and ecsystems. D. By deciding n mre accurate targets.
( )4. What are the last tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. Reprts n the current success in cnservatin.
B. Advantages f recrding the declines f species.
C. Significance f bradening the cnservatin scale.
D. Suggestins n the cnclusin f the scientific paper.
B
(2024江苏苏州八校联考)As the sun shines, peple will flck t parks t breathe the fresh air. But air pllutin is wrsening in many places arund the wrld.
Unfrtunately, in the Western traditin, neither materialist nr idealist thereticians give enugh cnsideratin t this basic cnditin fr life. As fr pliticians, despite prpsing restrictins n envirnmental pllutin, they have nt yet called fr it t be made a crime. Wealthy cuntries are even allwed t pllute if they pay fr it.
But is ur life wrth anything ther than mney? And why d we find it mre difficult t get the clean air? D the wds, which are ften described as “the lungs f the planet”， n lnger, ffer us the gift f breathable air by releasing xygen? N! In fact, they d give ff the xygen, but their capacity t renew the air plluted by industry has lng reached its limit. If we lack the air necessary fr a healthy life, it is because we have filled it with chemicals and weakened the ability f plants t regenerate it. As we knw, rapid defrestatin cmbined with the massive burning f fssil fuels is an explsive recipe fr a permanent disaster.
The plant wrld urges us in silence that it's time fr us t care fr ur breath and put emphasis n the interdependence which exists between ur humans and the plant wrld. We will have access t clean air nly when humans learn t share life, bth with each ther and with plants. This task is bth ethical and plitical because it can be fulfilled nly when each takes it upn himself and nly when it is accmplished tgether with thers. The lessn taught by plants is that sharing life expands and enhances the sphere(范围) f living, while dividing life int s-called natural r human resurces diminishes it. We must cme t see the air, the plants and urselves as the cntributrs t the preservatin f life and grwth, rather than prductive ptentialities at ur dispsal. Perhaps then we wuld finally begin t live, rather than being cncerned with bare survival.
( )5. The Western pliticians are accused by the authr because they .
A. give pririty t wealthy cuntries
B. dn't prtect rdinary peple's right
C. fail t pass laws t limit envirnmental pllutin
D. attach imprtance t thery rather than practical actin
( )6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Our relatinship with the plant wrld.
B. Large-scale defrestatin acrss the wrld.
C. The capacity f plants t renew plluted air.
D. The reasns hidden behind the serius air pllutin.
( )7. Hw can humans accmplish the gal f prtecting the planet?
A. By shwing respect fr plants. B. By using all natural resurces.
C. By preserving all frms f life. D. By pling their effrts tgether.
( )8. What des the authr suggest in rder nt just t survive?
A. Expanding the sphere f living. B. Sharing life with nature.
C. Develping nature's ptentials. D. Cntrlling the resurces.
Ⅱ. 阅读七选五
(2025广东深圳阶段考试)Public transprtatin is nt fully used acrss the glbe, even if gd transprt systems are in place. 9 There are three primary reasns listed belw, which all can be slved by gd urban planning.
10 Fr example, in Barcelna, 30% f daily trips are carried ut by public transprt. In cntrast, in Atlanta, this figure drps t 4%. Since Barcelna is 30 times denser(更密集的) than Atlanta, it is easier t prvide reliable public transprt services.
Accessibility is anther key factr in public transprtatin usage. In a cmparisn f three internatinal cities, thugh ne f them has the highest ppulatin density, its public transprt use is less than the ther tw cities. 11
Walkability is als a majr cmpnent that matters. Studies shw that well-maintained and safe streets encurage peple t use public transprtatin. 12 By cntrast, narrw r prly-maintained sidewalks, and fewer trees make streets less walkable. It is in these types f urban envirnments that peple are significantly less likely t use public transprt, even if it is nly 100 metres away frm their hmes.
Nwadays, city planners have attached great imprtance t the cnstructin f mre public transprtatin infrastructure(基础设施). 13 And it can prmte gd urban mbility(移动性) at the same time. Hwever, urban planners shuld als understand that factrs related t the urban fabric(结构) als impact if and hw public transprt is used. S effrts shuld als be devted t imprving public envirnments t encurage the use f public transprt, which will result in healthier cities and cmmunities.
A. Why is this the case?
B. This emphasis aims t reduce the reliance n private vehicles.
C. The trend causes cities t becme mre and mre advanced.
D. A city's density directly impacts hw public transprt services are prvided.
E. Peple in big cities need t get ut f their cars and use public transprtatin.
F. In such urban envirnments, peple are likelier t g further t access public transprt.
G. It's due t its very wide streets, large street blcks and buildings set far frm the street edges.
9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
Ⅲ. 完形填空
(2024湖北武汉月考)The Maranhã regin f nrthern Brazil is my ancestral hme. Fr centuries, we have 14 ur natural wrld there, lking after the Amazn rainfrest. Our 15 help us sustain the envirnment, and in return nature 16 us: trees give us fd and medicine.
But tday, ur envirnment is being destryed fr capitalists'(资本家的) 17 and gain. Arund us is illegal 18 and mining. In 2012, we fund 72 illegal entry pints in ur territry which needed 19 . We funded the Guardians f the Frest. We lcal peple tk matters int ur wn hands t 20 ur land. Fr me, there was n questin that I wuld be part f this 21 .
When we see an illegal camp r 22 a new incursin(入侵), we Guardians have an 23 in dealing with them. Our knwledge f the frest runs far deeper than theirs. Our netwrks crdinate(使协调), study the area, and prepare t 24 . We agree n tactics(战术), then 25 the camps, and destry their huts and equipment. We take their trucks apart, and burn their tractrs. They are left with n chice but t g 26 .
Our resistance is 27 . Tday there are nly five illegal entry pints int ur land. This 28 extends beynd ur territry's brders—it's abut ur grandchildren having a chance at a future date.
( )14. A. escaped B. prmted
C. explred D. preserved
( )15. A. traditins B. blessings
C. pssessins D. warnings
( )16. A. turns against B. prvides fr
C. relies n D. submits t
( )17. A. charity B. mercy
C. greed D. duty
( )18. A. lgging B. advertising
C. spying D. shipping
( )19. A. expsing B. clsing
C. cnfirming D. reserving
( )20. A. farm B. develp
C. rent D. prtect
( )21. A. liberatin B. tlerance
C. resistance D. cnstructin
( )22. A. ppse B. identify
C. visualize D. launch
( )23. A. ptin B. excuse
C. impressin D. advantage
( )24. A. act B. stay
C. leave D. wait
( )25. A. sell B. empty
C. surrund D. repair
( )26. A. hiking B. packing
C. bating D. sightseeing
( )27. A. wrking B. beginning
C. ending D. withdrawing
( )28. A. investment B. arrangement
C. negtiatin D. struggle
Ⅳ. 语法填空
(2025山东烟台期中)The first crss-prvincial eclgical restratin prject in China, Suzhu Huanyuandang Eclgical Restratin and Shreline Linkage Prject, 29 cre theme is green eclgy and harmny, 30 (achieve) a strikingly decent result s far.
Originating frm the cncept f “fish migratin” and its relatinship with the water surface, the eclgical design f the wetlands hnurs 31 water culture f the Yangtze River, which is integrated int architectural mdelling, plant system, and furniture cnstructin.
Drawing n GIS technlgy t simulate(模拟) current terrain(地形), measurements f height differences and hydrdynamics are used t calculate an apprpriate setting fr intrducing a system that cmbines with the landscape design 32 (realize) psitive eclgical results.
Meanwhile, a 33 (hide) landscape fld cntrl walkway is intrduced, thus abandning the previus rigid methd f a fld cntrl dike(坝). The terrain and plants are naturally integrated with the rute s that the walkway can be surrunded within the envirnment, 34 (create) a mre dynamic experience f walking.
Carrying ut this imprtant eclgical prject relies heavily 35 advanced design techniques and the practical applicatin f eclgically-native materials t achieve the desired landscape 36 (effect) cst-efficiently. Additinally, the prject is cnsistent with a “lw interventin” develpment prgramme t reduce impacts n the greater eclgical envirnment f the site.
With green eclgy and harmny as its theme, the 37 (flexibility) design mde f the restratin f the Yuandang ecsystem is paving the way fr the future, 38 (true) illustrating the “New Space f Jiangnan Culture”．
29. 30. 31. 32. 33.
34. 35. 36. 37. 38.