高考英语一轮复习讲义练习Unit 2　Natural disasters

这是一份高考英语一轮复习讲义练习Unit 2　Natural disasters，共11页。

① injure ne's reputatin损害某人的名誉
② injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的
be/get badly/seriusly injured 严重受伤
the injured 伤员
③ injury n. 伤害；损伤
【写作金句】 The rescue team dashed t the spt like arrws, ffered first aid t the injured and then rushed them t the nearest hspital. 营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。(动作描写)
reactin /ri'ækʃn/ n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
① a chemical/nuclear reactin 化学/核反应
in reactin t sth. 对某事作出反应
② react vi. 作出反应；回应；起化学反应
react t 对……作出反应
react with 与……起反应
【写作金句】 [译林必修三U2P16]Her students' reactin was quick and crrect—they mved under their desks, head first, and held n t the legs f the desks. 她的学生们反应迅速且正确——他们头朝里，钻到桌子下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。(动作描写)
signal /'sɪɡnəl/ vi. & vt. 发信号，示意；标志
n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
① traffic signals 交通信号灯
a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号
send a signal 发出信号
② signal (t) sb. t d sth. 示意某人做某事
signal t sb. 向某人示意
【写作金句】 The Lantern Festival falls n the fifteenth day f the first lunar mnth, signalling the end f the Spring Festival celebratins. 正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。(节日介绍)
cnfirm /kən'fɜːm/ vt. 证实，确认；使确信；批准
① cnfirm sth./that从句 证实/确认……
It has been cnfirmed that从句 已经确认……
cnfirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
cnfirm ne's belief/determinatin 坚定某人的信念/决心
cnfirm ne's pinin 证实某人的观点
② cnfirmatin n. 证实；确认书；证明书
【写作金句】 [人教选必二U4P39]The bushes and maple trees utside their windws were red, gld, and range, and there was frst n the grund, cnfirming that autumn had arrived in Canada. 窗外的灌木丛和枫树林呈现出红色、金色和橘红色，地上覆盖着白霜，证实加拿大已经进入秋季。(环境描写)
ccur t被想到，浮现在脑中
① It ccurs t sb. t d sth. 某人突然想到做某事。
It ccurs t/strikes/hits sb. that从句 某人想到……
② ccurrence n. 发生；出现；存在
【写作金句】 I was ging t pay by cash when it ccurred t me that I had left my purse at hme.
我正要用现金付款，突然想到我把钱包忘在家里了。(细节描写)
relief /rɪ'liːf/ n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济
① t ne's (great) relief 令某人(深感)宽慰的是
It's a relief t d sth. 做某事是令人宽慰的。
What a relief! 可轻松了！真是松了一口气！
② relieve vt. 解除，减轻，缓和
relieve anxiety/guilt/stress 消除焦虑/内疚；缓解压力
relieve sb. f sth. 减轻某人的负担；解除某人的职务
③ relieved adj. 感到宽慰的；放心的
【写作金句】 [人教选必三U4P45]When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and jy that many f us culd nt hide ur tears. 当我们最终获救时，我们长长地松了口气，欣喜不已，许多人忍不住流下泪水。(情绪描写)
infrm /ɪn'fɔːm/ vt. 了解，熟悉；通知
① infrm sb. f/abut sth. 通知某人某事
infrm sb. that从句 告知某人……
keep sb. infrmed f sth. 让某人知道某事
② infrmatin n. 信息；消息；资料
③ infrmed adj. 有学问的；有见识的
【写作金句】 I am mre than delighted t infrm yu that the activity is scheduled at 8：00 a．m. n 20 January in the lecture hall. 我很高兴地通知你，这次活动定于1月20日上午8点在报告厅举行。(邀请信)
【易错提醒】 infrm后面不能直接跟双宾语，而是借助于介词f/abut，构成infrm sb. f/abut sth. 结构。
It was cnsiderate f Michael t infrm us f his delay in case we gt wrried. 迈克尔很体贴，他告诉我们他的延误，以防我们担心。
shck /ʃɒk/ n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动
vt. 使震惊
① in shck 处于休克状态
t ne's shck令某人震惊的是……
② shck sb. 使某人震惊
be shcked at/by 对……感到震惊
be shcked t d sth. 对做某事感到震惊
③ shcking adj. 令人震惊的；令人气愤的
【写作金句】 [人教选必二U2P20]Sme may struggle and suffer frm culture shck when learning hw t behave in new surrundings. 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。(学校生活)
scare /skeə(r)/ vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕
n. 恐慌；惊吓
① 把……吓跑
scare sb. int ding sth. 恐吓某人做某事
② scared adj. 害怕的，恐惧的
be scared t death 吓得要死
be scared t d sth.＝be scared f ding sth. 害怕做某事
③ scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的
【写作金句】 [人教选必一U3P31]Of curse, Disneyland als has many exciting rides t amuse yu, frm enrmus swinging ships t scary free-fall drps. 当然，迪士尼还有很多十分刺激的游乐项目，如巨大的秋千船和恐怖的跳楼机。(推荐信)
run ut f 用完，耗尽
run fr 参加竞选
run acrss 偶然遇见(或看到)
run after 追赶，追逐
run away frm 回避，躲避；逃离
run ver 撞倒并碾轧
run int 偶然遇见；撞到
【辨析比较】 run ut/run ut f/use up
① It was feared that fd supplies wuld run ut/be used up befre the besieged twn culd be relieved. 人们担心食品储备在被围的城镇解围以前就会耗尽。
② I have run ut f/used up my mney, s I can't affrd t buy this bk. 我的钱早已经花完了，因此我买不起这本书。
supply /sə'plaɪ/ n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt. 供应，供给，提供
① be in shrt supply供应短缺
supply and demand 供求
water/electricity supply供水/电
② supplies (pl.) 补给，补给品
medical supplies 医疗用品
③ supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. t sb. 向某人提供某物
A supermarket will supply the earthquake-hit village with fruits and vegetables.
＝A supermarket will supply fruits and vegetables t the earthquake-hit village.
一家超市将为地震受灾的村庄提供水果和蔬菜。
【写作金句】 [人教必修二U1P4]In the 1950s, the Egyptian gvernment wanted t build a new dam acrss the Nile in rder t cntrl flds, prduce electricity, and supply water t mre farmers in the area. 20世纪50年代，埃及政府打算在尼罗河上新建一座大坝，可以防洪、发电，并为该地区更多的农民供水。(宣传稿)
【特别提醒】 supply/prvide/ffer的用法区别
supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. t sb.
prvide sb. with sth.＝prvide sth. fr sb.
ffer sb. sth.＝ffer sth. t sb.
dnate /dəʊ'neɪt/ vt. 捐赠，赠送；献(血)
① dnate bld 献血
向……捐赠……
② dnatin n. 捐赠物；捐赠；赠送
make a dnatin t 向……捐赠
③ dnr n. 捐赠者；献血者
【写作金句】 We advcated that everyne in ur schl (shuld) dnate sme mney t the earthquake-stricken area. 我们提倡学校里的每个人都(应该)向地震灾区捐一些钱。(倡议书)
curius /'kjʊəriəs/ adj. 好奇的；奇特的
① be curius abut 对……感到好奇
be curius t d sth. 极想做某事
② curiusly adv. 好奇地
③ curisity n. 好奇心，求知欲
ut f curisity 出于好奇
with curisity 好奇地
【写作金句】 [人教必修三U4P42]Mankind has always been curius abut the universe and many peple have dreamt that ne day they wuld fly int space. 人类一直对宇宙充满好奇，许多人都梦想有一天他们能飞上太空。(演讲稿)
distance /'dɪstəns/ n. 遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
① frm/at a distance 离一段距离；从远处；久远地
in the distance 在远方
keep sb. at a distance 对……冷淡；与……保持一定距离
within walking distance 可步行到达
② distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的；恍惚的
a distant cusin/aunt/relative远房堂兄弟/姑母/亲戚
a distant lk in ne's eyes 眼神恍惚
【写作金句】 [译林选必三U1P12]In the distance, elephants were eating grass, ears flapping lazily as they mved slwly ver the plains. 远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。(情景描写)
[后练习]
考点1 injure的相关用法
① [人教必修一U4P50]The number f peple wh were killed r badly (injure) in the quake was mre than 400,000.
② [北师必修二U6P59]His (injure) were s severe that he had n mvement r feeling in his bdy at all and even needed a machine t help him breathe.
③ [写作迁移·译林选必二U1P2]大火还造成数十人受伤，其中5人伤势严重。

考点2 reactin的相关用法
① [北师选必三U7P9改]T lead a happy successful life requires being able t understand and react
situatins in the best way pssible.
② [人教选必二U5P56]Seeing Zhang chking, he remained calm and (react) immediately.
③ [外研选必四U5P71]These (react) help humankind delve int the unknwn and advance twards a mre prgressive and civilized sciety.
④ [写作迁移·人教必修二U5P58]在第一次演出和观众的积极反应的鼓舞下，我继续弹钢琴，每天都更享受它。
，I have cntinued t play the pian and enjy it mre every day.
考点3 signal的相关用法
① [人教必修三U4P41]In 2022, the launch f the Mengtian mdule (signal) the basic cmpletin f the Tiangng Space Statin.
② [译林选必三U2P20]One f its scientific gals is t detect cmmunicatin (signal) between the stars in the universe.
③ [写作迁移·译林必修三U2P16]她示意学生们用手捂着头有序地离开教室。

考点4 cnfirm的相关用法
① [译林选必四U3P39]Remember, be an early bird and arrive at least half an hur befre yur
(cnfirm) interview time.
② Once the applicatin (cnfirm), yu will enter the famus university.
③ I'm still waiting fr (cnfirm) frm the travel agency abut my tickets.
④ [写作迁移·人教必修三U3P34]据证实，周六晚上六点三十七分河北省发生了轻微地震，没有造成破坏。
a mild earthquake ccurred at 6：37 p．m. n Saturday evening in Hebei Prvince, .
考点5 ccur t的相关用法
① [北师选必一U3P53]And the fifth event, which (ccur) 66 millin years ag, caused the death f the dinsaurs.
② Drunk driving, which was nce a frequent (ccur), is nw under cntrl.
③ Tw peple in Suth Krea survived being swallwed by a sinkhle suddenly (ccur) in their curtyard.
④ [写作迁移·译林必修三U2P17] 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。(用it作形式主语)

考点6 relief的相关用法
① [北师必修一U2P37]Even a thirty-minute run will prvide (relieve) frm aches r tensin that yu may be suffering due t stress.
② [译林选必一U1P3]One muthful f cmfrt fd takes us back t ur cultural rts, giving us the “taste f hme” that we cry ut fr and (relief) feelings f hmesickness.
③ Happy and (relief) t see him, I said nthing abut the mnster, which by that time had left my huse.
④ [写作迁移]令他母亲非常庆幸的是，迈克尔在大手术后康复了。
, Michael recvered after the majr surgery.
考点7 infrm的相关用法
① [译林选必二U1P3]We als need t be critical abut the (infrm) we receive and remember nt t blindly trust what we have read.
② [外研选必二U2P28]In this way, they will be better equipped in their adult lives t make (infrm) chices abut hw they use the mney they have.
③ [写作迁移]我为没能通知你计划的改变而由衷地向你道歉。(道歉信)
考点8 shck的相关用法
① [外研必修三U6P84]Lking thrugh my newspaper, I'm (shck) by phts shwing that a hurricane in Asia has destryed a twn.
② [人教必修一U4P50]Peple were shck—and then, later that afternn, anther big quake shk Tangshan again.
③ [人教选必一U2P20]This mrning, I saw the (shck) headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mde”.
④ [写作迁移]The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in. Elli and I were shcked.
→The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in,
. (定语从句)
→ the bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in. (主语从句)
考点9 scare的相关用法
① [人教必修三U2P17]She was s (scare) during the interview that she cmpletely frgt hw she shuld respnd t the questins.
② [人教选必一U2P20]Of curse, when new technlgy changes the way we live, it can be a (scare) prspect.
③ [北师必修一U3P54]Tm als learnt that playing firewrks was (scare) away the mnster Nian.
④ [写作迁移]当我意识到那头熊又回来攻击我们时，我几乎要吓死了。(心理描写)
When I realized that the bear was cming back t attack us, .
考点10 run ut f及其拓展短语的相关用法
① If yu tw hares at the same time, yu will catch neither.
② The bus gt ut f cntrl and a wall.
③ Fd supplies had at the end f the trip.
④ I'm petrl, s I have t stp at the next filling statin.
考点11 supply的相关用法
① After the war brke ut, fd was shrt supply all ver the cuntry.
② Fill in the frm right nw, making sure that every detail (supply) is accurate.
③ [北师必修一U1P15]The pwer and water (supply) were unstable, s he culd nly shwer every three r fur days, and he had t learn hw t ck.
④ [写作迁移]此外，夏令营还为成员提供了参观博物馆的机会。
考点12 dnate的相关用法
① [人教必修三U3P32]Traditinally, visitrs enter Chinatwn thrugh the legendary Dragn Gate, which was built using materials (dnate) frm China.
② [外研选必二U1P3]T give an example, I will be signing an rgan (dnate) agreement this time tmrrw.
③ [写作迁移·译林必修三U2P20]幸运的是，许多人前来帮助，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。
考点13 curius的相关用法
① [译林选必三U2P25]While space explratin is a reality, we remain (curisity) abut the mysteries f the universe.
② [译林必修三U4P43]The scientist is mtivated primarily by (curius) and a desire fr truth.
③ [写作迁移]如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇，你一定不能错过这个机会。(邀请信)
考点14 distance的相关用法
① [外研选必四U6P86]S great was the (distant) frm Earth that it wuld need t travel fr almst six years t reach its destinatin.
② [人教选必一U4P44]Their eyes barely mve, and they always have the same (distance) expressin n their faces.
③ [写作迁移]据说此山从远处看会更美丽。(用状语从句的省略结构)
dd /ɒd/ A. adj. 奇怪的，怪异的 B. adj. 偶尔的 C. adj. 奇数的 D. adj. 不成对的
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① [译林必修三U2P17]Sabrina was ne f the happy turists until she nticed smething dd.
② The dd numbers are n the left as yu walk up the street.
③ We fund him wearing dd scks that day and thught it was funny.
④ They headed t Califrnia t seek their frtune but ended up ding diverse dd jbs t earn a living.
pwer /'paʊə(r)/ A. n. 电，电力 B. n. 能力；力量 C. n. 政权；权力 D. vt. 驱动，推动
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① Jack was wrking in the lab when the pwer cut ccurred.
② [人教选必一U1P8]Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came t pwer in Germany.
③ S enrmus was the hurricane's pwer that it carried away the whle building.
④ [人教选必三U3P36]Built frm recycled materials, the schl prduces n waste and is pwered by slar panels.
staff /stɑːf/ A. n. 全体职工 B. n. 管理人员
C．vt. 在……工作；任职于；为……配备职员
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① On behalf f the staff, I wish t extend ur warmest welcme t yu.
② We were shwed in and the staff began t shw us their exhibitins n shw.
③ The advice centre is staffed entirely by vlunteers.
slide /slaɪd/ A. n. 幻灯片 B. n. 山崩，崩塌
C. n. 滑梯 D. vi. 逐渐陷入 E. vi. & vt. 滑动；(使)滑行 F. vi. 快捷而悄声地移动
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① We slid dwn the rf and drpped t the grund.
② [译林必修二U3P41]As a grup, put tgether yur infrmatin t make yur PPT slides.
③ He slid ut f the lecture hall with nbdy nticing him.
④ Sliding int the habit was easy, but it was difficult t quit the habit.
⑤ The park rules state that n child shall be allwed t play n the slide withut the cmpany f an adult.
⑥ If a snw slide strikes, skiers can be buried alive by snw.
fld /flʌd/ A. n. 洪水，水灾 B. n. 大量
C. vi. & vt. 淹没，泛滥 D. vi. 大量涌入
E. vi. 使大受感动；充满
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① The villagers were frightened t see that the river wuld burst its bank and fld their hme.
② [外研必修二U6P87]We've als seen drughts and flds caused by these changes, which affect the water supply dwnstream.
③ Telephne calls came flding in frm all ver the cuntry.
④ They culd affrd t buy husehld gds thanks t a fld f imprts frm anther cuntry.
⑤ I felt a great sense f relief flding ver me after my sn came hme frm the frnt.
dawn /dɔːn/ A. n. 黎明，破晓 B. n. 开端，萌芽
C. n. 曙光 D. vi. 开始 E. vi. 开始清楚
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① He was awakened at dawn by the sund f crying.
② The dawn f peace has appeared, but the danger f war still remains.
③ [外研选必二U3P39]What's mre, the Belt and Rad Initiative will mean a new dawn fr trade and investment between cuntries, leading int a new era f prsperity.
④ A new age dawned with the inventin f the radi.
⑤ It dawned n me that I still had talent and shuld run again.
sharp /ʃɑːp/ A. adj. 灵敏的，敏锐的 B．adj. 锋利的 C．adj. 急剧的 D. adj. 明显的 E. adv. (用于表时间的词语后，表示准时)……整
【对点微练】 赏句猜义
① If yur awareness is as sharp as it culd be, yu'll have n truble answering these questins.
② [译林选必一U1P5]Hwever, the sharp increase in bld sugar will cause the bdy t prduce a special chemical t remve it.
③ The shepherd swiftly sheared the sleepy sheep with the sharp scissrs.
④ Dad says I've gt t be hme at seven 'clck sharp.
⑤ In sharp cntrast t her md, the cluds were breaking up t reveal a blue sky.
the mment...
【课本原句】 The mment the shaking stpped, Miss Brwn sensed it was the best time fr the class t make their escape. 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
表示“一……就……”的常用表达
as sn as
n
the mment/the minute/the instant
n/upn＋动名词/名词
instantly/directly/immediately
【特别提醒】 n 与 结构中主句谓语动词使用过去完成时，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时。此外，若把n sner或hardly/scarcely置于句首，主句要用部分倒装语序。
I had hardly gt hme when it began t rain.
＝Hardly had I gt hme when it began t rain.
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
【写作迁移】 语法填空/一句多译
① They had hardly arrived at the airprt it began t rain.
② N sner (have) they gt t the statin they met the yung man.
③ On his (arrive) in Beijing, he gave his parents a call.
④ 大学一毕业，他就去了一所乡村小学当老师。
(n/upn)
(the mment)
()
as if引导的方式状语从句＋省略句
【课本原句】 In its frum, the half-finished clumns seemed as if just left by the wrkman's
hand. 广场上，那些尚未完工的石柱看起来就像刚刚离开工匠之手。
本句是一个复合句，其中as if引导的状语从句省略了主语和be动词。补充完整应该是：as if they were just left by the wrkman's hand.
as if引导从句的语气和时态：
① 陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
② 虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(虚拟现在：谓语动词用一般过去时,虚拟过去：谓语动词用过去完成时,虚拟将来：谓语动词用“wuld/might/culd＋d”))
① They treat me as if I were a stranger.
他们待我如陌生人。
② He talks as if he had been abrad.
他说起话来好像曾经出过国。
③ He speaks as if he wuld suffer a deadly disease sn. 听他说话那语气好像不久就要得致命的疾病似的。
【特别提醒】 as if引导状语从句时，当主句和从句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略主语和be动词。
He pened his muth as if (he were) t say smething. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。
【写作迁移】 语法填空/完成句子
① It lks as if the sea water (be nt) clean enugh t swim here.
② He talks as if he (knw) where she was but actually he desn't.
③ Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he (d) smething clever.
④ Tm raised his right hand as if (say) smething.
⑤ 他打开抽屉仿佛在找一件什么重要的东西。
He pened the drawer
.
run ut
意为“用完，耗尽”，不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等
run ut f
意为“用完”，及物动词短语，其主语一般为人
use up
意为“用光，用完”，及物动词短语，其主语一般为人