英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement精品测试题

这是一份英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement精品测试题，共19页。

主题词汇积累
take up a psitin 担任；任职
cme t pwer 掌权；上台
wear and tear 磨损；损耗
cmmit neself t (sth/ding sth/d sth) 承诺；保证
sum up 总结；概括
as a cnsequence / in cnsequence 结果；因此
be distinct frm 与……截然不同
cme t/draw a cnclusin 得出结论
insist n 坚决要求
时文拓展阅读
Hedy Lamarr was used t being admired fr her lks. As a Hllywd film star, she was called "the mst beautiful wman in the wrld". What she was less knwn fr was her scientific thinking ability. During Wrld War I, Lamarr quietly c-invented the technlgy that wuld be the precursr（前身）t Bluetth, Wi-Fi and ther systems we rely n tday.
She had a natural curisity abut the wrld arund her. As yung as 5, she wuld spend time taking apart and rebuilding her music bx t understand hw it wrked. At 16, she gt her first film rle and quickly became an internatinal icn（偶像）. As her acting career cntinued t take ff. Wrld War II brke ut. Lamarr became restless, feeling that she shuld d mre t cntribute t the Allies' war effrts. "Lamarr said that she did nt feel very cmfrtable, sitting there in Hllywd and making lts f mney when things were in such a state," says Gerge Antheil.
Tgether with Antheil, Lamarr came up with a grundbreaking new frm f wireless cmmunicatin knwn as Spread Spectrum（频谱）. The cncept was t create a wireless signal that culd travel quickly frm frequency t frequency. But the military refused t use it in their war effrts. The technlgy sat unused fr years, until ne day in the 1960s, the military accepted it and called the system "Spread like Wildfire".
Hedy Lamarr played the rle she was expected t play in Hllywd—a beautiful star n the big screen. And withut her, cmmunicatin culd lk cmpletely different tday. Lamarr's experience can serve as a reminder：Pursue yur talents and passins. Nt nly will the wrld be better fr it, but every pineer wh challenges the ld will pave the way fr thers t fllw.
【译文欣赏】
海蒂·拉玛习惯于因美貌而备受赞赏。作为好莱坞电影明星，她被誉为“世界上最美丽的女人”。但她鲜为人知的是其科学思维能力。在第一次世界大战期间，拉玛悄悄地与人共同发明了一项技术，这项技术成为了如今我们所依赖的蓝牙、Wi-Fi 等系统的前身。
她对周围的世界有着天生的好奇心。五岁时，她就会花时间拆解并重新组装自己的音乐盒，以了解其工作原理。16 岁时，她获得了自己的第一个电影角色，并迅速成为国际偶像。随着她的演艺事业蒸蒸日上，第二次世界大战爆发了。拉玛变得焦躁不安，觉得自己应该为盟军的战争努力做出更多贡献。“拉玛说，当局势如此紧张时，她坐在好莱坞赚大钱，感觉很不舒服。”乔治·安泰尔说道。
拉玛与安泰尔一起发明了一种开创性的新型无线通信方式，称为扩频技术。其概念是创建一种能够在不同频率间快速切换的无线信号。但军方拒绝在战争中使用它。这项技术闲置多年，直到 20 世纪 60 年代的一天，军方才接受了它，并将其命名为“野火蔓延”系统。
海蒂·拉玛在好莱坞扮演了人们期望她扮演的角色——大银幕上的美丽明星。而没有她，如今的通信可能会截然不同。拉玛的经历可以提醒我们：追求你的才能和激情。这不仅会让世界变得更美好，而且每一个挑战旧秩序的先驱都会为后来者铺平道路。
【词汇积累】
be used t 习惯于；
be knwn fr 因……而出名；
rely n依赖；
spend… ding花费…做…
take ff起飞，事业腾飞；
play the rle起作用；
came up with想出；
【特殊句型】
Nt nly will the wrld be better fr it, but every pineer wh challenges the ld will pave the way fr thers t fllw.
句型分析：
1. 句型结构：
这是一个 "Nt nly... but (als)..."（不仅……而且……）的倒装句，用于强调两个相关联的积极结果。
前半部分（倒装）： "Nt nly will the wrld be better fr it"
正常语序："The wrld will nt nly be better fr it."
"Nt nly"放在句首时，后面要用部分倒装（助动词提前），即 *"will the wrld be..." 而不是 "the wrld will be..."。
后半部分（正常语序）： "but every pineer wh challenges the ld will pave the way fr thers t fllw."
"but" 后可加 *"als"（口语中常省略），表示递进。
"wh challenges the ld" 是定语从句，修饰 *"every pineer"。
"pave the way fr thers t fllw"* 是固定表达，意为“为他人铺路/开辟道路”。
2. 核心成分：
主语： "the wrld"（前半句）、"every pineer"（后半句）
谓语： "will be"（前半句）、"will pave"（后半句）
关键修饰：
"wh challenges the ld"（限定“先驱者”的特征）
"fr thers t fllw"（表目的，说明“铺路”的作用）
3. 句意解析：
这句话强调：
1.挑战旧事物会让世界变得更美好（"the wrld will be better fr it"）；
2.每一位挑战旧事物的先驱者都会为后来者开辟道路（"pave the way fr thers"）。
4. 类似句型（可替换表达）：
倒装强调：
"Nt nly des innvatin drive prgress, but it als inspires future generatins."
非倒装形式：
"The wrld will nt nly benefit frm it, but pineers will als create paths fr thers."
①clean up 清理；打扫
②a series f 一系列的，一连串的
③get used t 习惯于；适应于
④take ... 把……看作是……
⑤take n 承担
⑥kind f 在某种程度上
综合实战演练
Passage 1
Fang Wenshan, knwn fr his petic and artistic wrks, ften draws inspiratin frm ancient Chinese petry. His lyrics (歌词), featured in Chinese-style pp sngs perfrmed by Taiwan singer Jay Chu, charm (吸引) audiences acrss the Taiwan Straits and regins influenced by Chinese culture.
Fang’s wrk has played an imprtant rle in ppularizing Chinese-style pp music, earning lts f awards and cntributing t Jay Chu’s albums fr ver half f his career. His lyrics, such as “The deep blue and pearl white glw like prcelain,” shw his ability t jin traditinal ideas and mdern themes tgether, setting him apart in the music industry.
What’s mre, he is devted t prmting traditinal culture. He expressed his willingness t share its spirits with a wider audience thrugh varius cultural factrs, including Hanfu cultural festivals, tea culture experiences, and s n. He, wh has hsted Hanfu cultural festivals fr 12 years, believes that pp culture can give new life t traditinal culture. He shares his driving frce with the Glbal Times, stating, “What a persn creates riginates frm his r her values. I have created a number f lyrics as I am deeply fnd f the essences f traditinal Chinese culture. The strng recgnitin f cultural identity is an imprtant engine fr me t prmte the Hanfu culture thrugh the event”.
Fang’s jurney in traditinal Chinese culture began during his schl years in Taiwan, where he immersed himself in classical literature, particularly Sng Dynasty petry, which cntinues t influence his wrk tday. He reflects: “N ne tld me that yu have t walk alng this way in yur career, but I lve the cultural atmsphere s I naturally fund the directin”.
1．Which f the fllwing can best describe Fang Wenshan’s lyrics?
A．They are criticized fr being traditinal.
B．They are rarely featured in mdern pp music.
C．They have played an insignificant rle in Jay Chu’s albums.
D．They have cntributed t the ppularity f Chinese-style pp music.
2．What makes Fang utstanding in the music industry?
A．His ability t explre Chinese culture.B．His ability t fcus n mdern themes.
C．His ability t cmbine the ld and the new.D．His ability t create music using simple wrds.
3．What drives Fang Wenshan t prmte Hanfu culture?
A．T strengthen the recgnitin f cultural identity.B．T ppularize Chinese-style pp music.
C．T get media attentin and make great prfits.D．T create mre lyrics t amuse peple.
4．Which f the fllwing can best describe Fang?
A．Devted and grateful.B．Unique and creative.
C．Humrus and helpful.D．Determined and selfless.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了方文山在推广中国传统文化和中国风流行音乐方面所做的贡献。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“His lyrics, featured in Chinese-style pp sngs perfrmed by Taiwan singer Jay Chu, charm audiences acrss the Taiwan Straits and regins influenced by Chinese culture.(他的歌词出现在由台湾歌手周杰伦演唱的中国风流行歌曲中，吸引了台湾海峡两岸以及受中国文化影响地区的观众)”和第二段“Fang’s wrk has played an imprtant rle in ppularizing Chinese-style pp music.(方文山的作品在推广中国风流行音乐方面发挥了重要作用)”可知，方文山的歌词为中国风流行音乐的流行做出了贡献。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“His lyrics, such as ‘The deep blue and pearl white glw like prcelain,’ shw his ability t jin traditinal ideas and mdern themes tgether, setting him apart in the music industry.(他的歌词，如‘你如传世的青花瓷自顾自美丽’，显示了他将传统思想和现代主题结合在一起的能力，使他在音乐界脱颖而出)”可知，让方文山在音乐界脱颖而出的是他结合新旧的能力。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“The strng recgnitin f cultural identity is an imprtant engine fr me t prmte the Hanfu culture thrugh the event.(对文化身份的强烈认同是我通过此次活动推广汉服文化的重要动力)”可知，驱使方文山推广汉服文化的是为了加强对文化认同的认识。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“His lyrics, such as ‘The deep blue and pearl white glw like prcelain,’ shw his ability t jin traditinal ideas and mdern themes tgether, setting him apart in the music industry.(他的歌词，如‘你如传世的青花瓷自顾自美丽’，显示了他将传统思想和现代主题结合在一起的能力，使他在音乐界脱颖而出)”可知，方文山是一个独特且有创造力的人。故选B。
Passage 2
A famus American pet Rbert Frst nce said, “Petry is what gets lst in translatin. ”But XuYuanchng, well-knwn Chinese translatr, had tried t cnvey the beauty f ancient Chinese petry thrughut his life. His teacher Qian Zhngshu cmmented n his petry translatin, “Yu are dancing while chained by rhyme and rhythm, but the dance shws amazing freedm and beauty, which is quite impressive.”
Since 1978, Xu had published mre than 100 translated wrks in Chinese, English and French, reaching millins f readers at hme and abrad. Mst ntably, he translated Chinese pems int rhymed verses in bth English and French. He was als the first Asian winner f the Aurra Brealis Prize fr Outstanding Translatin f Fictin Literature.
Xu was knwn t be very fastidius in his wrk. Fr him, English is a “ scientific” language that needs exactness while Chinese is an “artistic” language that includes a wider range f cntent. Fllwing this principle, Xu kept nt nly faithfulness in the sense but beauty in sensibility in his translatin.
Thrugh Xu’s translatins, time-hnred Chinese wisdm has made an impact n Western scieties and the wrld. Fr example, when frmer US president Barack Obama tried t begin a healthcare prject during his presidency, sme senatrs disagreed at first. But after reading the pem titled Fishing in Snw translated by Xu, ne senatr was s impressed with the fisherman’s independent thinking that he chse t part with the party line t supprt Obama.
Having made such great achievements, Xu maintained a rutine. Every day he translated abut1, 000 wrds, wrking till 3 t 4 a. m., sleeping fr abut 3 hurs and getting up at 6 a. m. t cntinue.“ Translatin is a means f cmmunicating with the writer’s sul. A sudden flicker f a gd wrd r a gd line thrills every pre (毛孔) and every inch f my skin,” Xu said.
5．What des the text tell us abut Xu Yuanchng?
A．He mastered at least three freign languages.
B．He translated abut 100 Chinese wrks int English.
C．He was the first winner f the Aurra Brcalis Prize.
D．He was widely knwn fr his translated rhymed verses.
6．What des the underlined wrd “fastidius” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Particular.B．Satisfied.C．Inventive.D．Prductive.
7．Why des the authr give the example in Paragraph 4?
A．T recmmend Xu’s translatin wrks.B．T stress the charm f Chinese petry.
C．T shw Xu’s great translatin skills.D．T prve the wisdm f the ancient Chinese.
8．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Xu?
A．Thughtful and mdest.B．Generus and bjective
C．Creative and pen-minded.D．Devted and hard-wrking.
【答案】5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名翻译家许渊冲对于翻译的贡献。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Since 1978, Xu had published mre than 100 translated wrks in Chinese, English and French, reaching millins f readers at hme and abrad. Mst ntably, he translated Chinese pems int rhymed verses in bth English and French.(自1978年以来，许出版了100多部中、英、法翻译作品，在国内外拥有数百万读者。最值得注意的是，他将中国诗歌翻译成英语和法语的押韵诗)”可知，他以翻译押韵诗而广为人知。故选D。
6．词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“Fr him, English is a “ scientific” language that needs exactness while Chinese is an “artistic” language that includes a wider range f cntent. Fllwing this principle, Xu kept nt nly faithfulness in the sense but beauty in sensibility in his translatin.(对他来说，英语是一种“科学”语言，需要精确，而汉语是一种“艺术”语言，包含更广泛的内容。遵循这一原则，他在翻译中既保持了意义上的忠实，又保持了情感上的美)”可知，本段主要讲述了许渊冲先生在他的翻译中不仅追求“直”也追求“美”，由此可推知，他在翻译时是极其严谨和注重细节的。fastidius意为“讲究的，挑剔的”。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段“Fr example, when frmer US president Barack Obama tried t begin a healthcare prject during his presidency, sme senatrs disagreed at first. But after reading the pem titled Fishing in Snw translated by Xu, ne senatr was s impressed with the fisherman’s independent thinking that he chse t part with the party line t supprt Obama.(例如，当美国前总统Barack Obama在其任期内试图启动一项医疗保健项目时，一些参议员起初表示反对。但在阅读了许翻译的《江雪》这首诗后，一位参议员被这位渔夫的独立思考所打动，选择放弃党派路线，转而支持奥巴马)”可推知，本段是为了说明许渊冲的翻译技巧之高。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段“Since 1978, Xu had published mre than 100 translated wrks in Chinese, English and French, reaching millins f readers at hme and abrad.(自1978年以来，许出版了100多部中、英、法翻译作品，在国内外拥有数百万读者)”以及最后一段“Having made such great achievements, Xu maintained a rutine. Every day he translated abut1, 000 wrds, wrking till 3 t 4 a. m., sleeping fr abut 3 hurs and getting up at 6 a. m. t cntinue. ‘Translatin is a means f cmmunicating with the writer’s sul. A sudden flicker f a gd wrd r a gd line thrills every pre (毛孔) and every inch f my skin,’ Xu said.(取得如此大的成就后，许保持着常规。他每天翻译大约1000个单词，工作到凌晨3、4点，睡3个小时左右，早上6点起床继续工作。‘翻译是与作者心灵交流的一种方式。突然闪现的一个好词或一条好线让我的每一个毛孔和每一寸皮肤都兴奋不已。’许说)”可推知，许渊冲热衷于翻译事业且非常努力。故选D。
Passage 3
Grdn Brwn was brn in Sctland in 1951. His childhd was a brilliant success because f his intellectual strength. He was accepted int middle schl at 10. At 16 he became the yungest student at the University f Edinburgh.
“At that time, he was a lucky by, gd at almst everything,” said his ld friend Murray Elder. Hwever, setbacks (挫折) fell n the brilliant by. After a rugby injury, he became blind in his left eye. Befre lng, similar symptms (症状) develped in his right eye. “I lay in the hspital bed in ttal darkness, uncertain abut my future,” said Brwn.
Lking back n the past, Brwn didn’t cmplain abut his bad luck. He even said, “One dr clses; yu can’t play rugby any mre, s yu fcus n ther things.”
Brwn was interested in student plitics in university, which helped a lt in his plitical career later in life.
In 1997, Brwn was made Chancellr f the Exchequer (财政大臣). He has succeeded in giving the cuntry a high rate f emplyment and the lngest perid f ecnmic grwth in its histry.
Cmpared with his successful career, Brwn’s family life is full f dwns. He lst his first daughter ten days after her birth. His ne-year-ld yungest sn has a deadly disease. “These accidents make me appreciate my life mre,” he said.
9．Grdn Brwn was successful in his childhd because he .
A．was very intelligent
B．went t middle schl at ten
C．played rugby very well
D．became the yungest student at the University f Edinburgh
10．When Grdn Brwn lked back n the past, he .
A．still had hpe fr the future
B．wished that he had nt played rugby
C．believed that his dr was clsed
D．felt very sad abut his misfrtune
11．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut Grdn Brwn?
A．He didn’t like plitics at university.
B．He became Chancellr f the Exchequer at 48.
C．He did a gd jb t imprve the natinal ecnmy.
D．He didn’t d well fr the cuntry’s emplyment rate.
【答案】9．A 10．A 11．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Grdn Brwn虽然遭遇坎坷与不幸，但他仍然积极乐观，最终走上政坛，为国家的经济做出贡献的故事。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“His childhd was a brilliant success because f his intellectual strength.(由于他的智力，他的童年是辉煌的成功。)”可知，Grdn Brwn童年很成功是由于他非常聪明。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““One dr clses; yu can’t play rugby any mre, s yu fcus n ther things.”(“一扇门关上了；你不能再打橄榄球了，所以你要专注于其他事情。”)”可知，他仍然对自己的未来充满了信心。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“He has succeeded in giving the cuntry a high rate f emplyment and the lngest perid f ecnmic grwth in its histry.(他成功地给国家带来了高就业率和历史上最长的经济增长期。)”可知，他在改善国民经济方面做得很好。故选C。
Passage 4
The wrld has lst ne f its brightest stars. British physicist Stephen Hawking dies n March 14， 2018， at the age f 76.
Hawking is prbably the wrlds mst famus scientist after Albert Einstein. He is an expert n black hles and the Big Bang Thery. He has devted his whle life t digging int the beginning (and the end) f the universe. His 1988 bk A Brief Histry f Time， which cntains his understanding f the universe， is ne f the biggest-selling science bks f all time.
“My gal is simple，” Hawking nce said. “It is t cmpletely understand the universe， why it is as it is and why it is there at all.”
Hawkings achievements are even greater if yu think abut his disability. When he was 21， Hawking caught a bad illness that slwly stpped him frm mving r talking. Fr a perid f time， he had n way t cmmunicate except by blinking (眨眼). Later he sat n a wheelchair with a cmputer by his side. T cmmunicate， he mved tw fingers t cntrl the cmputers muse. He selected his wrds frm the screen， which were then spken by a vice synthesizer (語音合成器).
“I have had the disease fr mst f my life，” Hawking nce said. “Yet it has nt stpped me frm being successful at my wrk.”
Thugh Hawking was a disabled man， he made great achievements. He received many awards and prizes fr his wrk during his lifetime. This included winning the Albert Einstein Award， which stands fr the highest achievement in theretical physics.
Despite the fact that hes n lnger with us， his legacy will surely live n. As Sajid Javid， a UK gvernment minister， put it， “A brief histry n Earth; an eternity in the stars.”
12．What is the black hles and the Big Bang Thery abut?
A．The physics.B．The stars.C．The universe.D．The time.
13．What des the underlined prnun “it” in the third paragraph refer t?
A．The universe.B．The earth.C．The gal.D．The black hle.
14．Accrding t the text， which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A．Hawking received many awards and prizes except the Albert Einstein Award.
B．The illness kept him frm mving and talking.
C．He cmmunicated with thers by speaking.
D．The illness stpped him frm being successful.
15．What can we knw abut Hawking frm Sajid Javids wrds?
A．The histry f the earth is t shrt.
B．The stars in the universe are eternal.
C．His bk A Brief Histry f Time is t shrt.
D．His spirit and achievements will live n frever.
【答案】12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲了继爱因斯坦之后世界上最著名的科学家霍金。霍金是黑洞理论方面的专家，他一生都致力于研究宇宙的起源。霍金一直患有疾病，但是这不能阻止他在工作中取得成功，他一生中取得了巨大的成就，获得了许多奖项。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中“He is an expert n black hles and the Big Bang Thery. He has devted his whle life t digging int the beginning (and the end) f the universe.(他是黑洞和宇宙大爆炸理论方面的专家。他一生都在研究宇宙的起源(和终结))”可知霍金一生致力于探索宇宙的起源与终结，由此推断黑洞和大爆炸理论是关于宇宙的。故选C。
2. 词义猜测题。根据第三段的““My gal is simple，” Hawking nce said.It is t cmpletely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there a t all. (“我的目标是简单的”霍金曾经说，“这个目标就是完全了解宇宙，为什么它是这样子的，为什么它在那里。”)由此可知此处的代词it指代的是上半句中的universe。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“ caught a bad illness that slwly stpped him frm mving r talking.(霍金患上了一种严重的疾病，慢慢地使他无法移动或说话。)”可知霍金患上了一种疾病，这种疾病逐渐地剥夺了他运动和说话的能力，故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite the fact that hes n lnger with us，his legacy will surely live n. As Sajid Javid，a UK gvernment minister，put it，“A brief histry n Earth; an eternity in the stars.”(尽管他已离我们而去，但他的遗产将永存。正如英国政府部长萨吉德·贾维德(Sajid Javid)所说，“地球简史;在星星里的永恒。”)”可知他的话是说:霍金的精神和成就将永远存在。“地球的简史，永恒的星星”用来形容霍金。故选D。
Passage 5
Cimabue, the greatest painter f a Middle Ages in Italy, was surprised ne day after his lunch break t discver that a fly had seated itself under the nse f a character that he had been wrking n. He swatted (重拍) at the fly, but it did nt mve. He reached ut t tuch the insect, nly t find it was nly wet paint. Turning arund, he saw that his apprentice (学徒), Gitt, was laughing. Gitt had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it lked s real that Cimabue had been cmpletely fled.
Gitt di Bndne was brn int a pr family in a village. Legend has it that ne day, when Cimabue was wandering arund the cuntryside, he sptted a yung shepherd by drawing pictures f his sheep, which were s vivid that Cimabue immediately asked him t cme t Flrence and learn hw t paint. That was hw Gitt’s stry began in Flrence, where the yung student flurished under Cimabue s instructin and sn surpassed his master in skill.
At that time, peple in paintings didn’t lk real, and the symblism f art was difficult fr viewers t cnnect with it. Innvatin (创新) was nt stressed, s art had remained the same fr hundreds f years.
Hwever, Gitt thught art shuld be smething mre cnnected with peple in a mre realistic way. His masterpieces included the frty majr fresces (壁画) fr the Arena Chapel. Adpting many techniques that were uncmmn then, he painted peple the way he saw them, instead f the verly tall and bxy peple that ther artists painted. He created three-dimensinal space by using perspective, smething that had nt been dne since Rman times.
In additin t painting, Gitt wrte petry and drew architectural plans. When Gitt was in his sixties, he painted the Ognissanti Madmma, anther famus wrk f art. He cntinued wrking until the age f seventy. The ideas Gitt brught t painting thrughut his life revlutinized the art wrld and made him ne f the greatest painters ever.
16．What des the anecdte in paragraph 1 tell us abut Gitt?
A．His humrB．His talentC．His curageD．His determinatin
17．Hw did Cimabue feel abut Gitt’s painting when they first met?
A．ImpressedB．StressedC．DubtfulD．Cncerned
18．What made Gitt’s wrks distinguished at that time?
A．Vivid clrsB．Classic skills
C．Original cmpsitinD．Lifelike quality
19．Which f the fllwing best summarizes Gitt’s stry?
A．Great minds think alikeB．Innvatin is the vitality f art
C．Cnstant dripping wears away a stneD．A slw sparrw shuld make an early start
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D 19．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了意大利的画家Gitt di Bndne在绘画方面的思想，改变了艺术界，使他成为有史以来最伟大的画家之一。
16．推理判断题。根据第一段“He swatted (重拍) at the fly, but it did nt mve. He reached ut t tuch the insect, nly t find it was nly wet paint. Gitt had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it lked s real that Cimabue had been cmpletely fled. (他拍苍蝇，但它不动。他伸手去摸那只昆虫，却发现那只是未干的油漆。Gitt是在Cimabue不在的时候画的这只苍蝇，它看起来如此真实，Cimabue完全被骗了。)”可知，Gitt趁Cimabue不在时画得苍蝇，让他信以为真，这表明了Gitt的才能。故选B项。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段“Legend has it that ne day, when Cimabue was wandering arund the cuntryside, he sptted a yung shepherd by drawing pictures f his sheep, which were s vivid that Cimabue immediately asked him t cme t Flrence and learn hw t paint.(传说有一天，Cimabue在乡下闲逛时，发现一个年轻的牧童正在画他的羊，画得非常生动，Cimabue立即邀请他来佛罗伦萨学习画画。)”可知，第一次见Gitt时，Cimabue认为他的画让人印象深刻。故选A项。
18．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Hwever, Gitt thught art shuld be smething mre cnnected with peple in a mre realistic way. (然而，Gitt认为艺术应该以一种更现实的方式与人们联系在一起。)”以及“he painted peple the way he saw them, instead f the verly tall and bxy peple that ther artists painted. (他以自己所看到的方式来描绘人物，而不是像其他艺术家画的那样过分高大、四四方方的人。)”可知，Gitt的画因其栩栩如生的特点而与众不同。故选D项。
19．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Innvatin (创新) was nt stressed, s art had remained the same fr hundreds f years. (创新没有被强调，所以艺术几百年来一直保持不变。)”、第四段“Adpting many techniques that were uncmmn then, he painted peple the way he saw them (他采用了许多当时并不常见的技巧，以他所看到的方式来描绘人物)”和最后一段“The ideas Gitt brught t painting thrughut his life revlutinized the art wrld and made him ne f the greatest painters ever. (Gitt一生带给绘画的理念彻底改变了艺术界，使他成为有史以来最伟大的画家之一。)”可知，文章主要叙述了Gitt对艺术创新的故事，即“创新是艺术的生命力”。故选B项。
Passage 6
Daniel Brush, an astnishing wrker in gld, jewels and steel died n Nvember 2022, aged 75. Students frm a jewellery schl nce came t Brush’s studi, a lft in mid-Manhattan, awed t be meeting a figure wh, t them, was a wrker f miracles.
Fr 45 years in that lft, he had pursued his calling. His wife Olivia was the nly cmpany. He prduced hundreds f bjects f all srts, mst f them exquisite and many astnishingly small. Rather than use electricity, he labured alne in a frest f antique machines and when tls frustrated him he made his wn, displaying them in cupbards as art in themselves.
Abve all else, he wrked in gld. His bsessin tk fire when at 13 he saw an Etruscan gld bwl in the Victria and Albert Museum. The ancient technique f applying gld beads as fine as sand-grains t a curved gld surface withut slder (焊接), was stunning, but s was the lightness f spirit.
He reslved then that he wuld make such a bwl, and gld became the study f his life. Simply t watch it melt, turn t red-ht and white-ht, then glw purple, was magical. T hld pure gld grain and let it mve slwly thrugh his fingers restred his calm f spirit. His chief mtivatin, he said, was t understand the material and, thrugh that, himself. He wndered why his heart had beaten s fast in the museum that day. Gld in particular had a message fr him. His cntact with this glrius metal might fcus all his attentin and help him t hear it.
He develped delicate craftsmanship, with each bject virtually a museum piece. Fr Daniel Brush, he lved the idea that ne might take a piece made by Brush ut f a pcket, let its beauty pass frm mind t mind, and smile. That t was what its maker was after.
20．What can we learn abut Daniel Brush?
A．Students visited him regularly.
B．He began t live in his lft in 1975.
C．He tended t use ancient crafts t prduce bjects.
D．Mst bjects he prduced were f a surprisingly small size.
21．What is the main reasn fr his lifelng study f gld?
A．He wanted t learn mre abut bth gld and himself.
B．He wndered why his heart had beat fast in the museum.
C．His calm was restred when gld grain mved thrugh fingers.
D．Gld had a particular message fr him and he was eager t hear it.
22．Which f the fllwing can best describe Daniel Brush?
A．Stubbrn.B．Wealthy.C．Dedicated.D．Lnely.
23．What des the authr try t emphasize in the last paragraph?
A．Brush’s valuable wrks.B．The admirers Brush expected.
C．Brush’s desire fr fame.D．The artistic ideal Brush pursued.
【答案】20．C 21．A 22．C 23．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Daniel Brush是一位创造奇迹的人，使用古老的工艺来制作物品，他终生研究黄金，一生追求艺术理想。
20．推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“The ancient technique f applying gld beads as fine as sand-grains t a curved gld surface withut slder (焊接), was stunning, but s was the lightness f spirit.(在没有焊料的弯曲金表面上涂上细如沙粒的金珠的古老技术令人惊叹，但精神的轻盈也是如此。)”可知Daniel Brush倾向于使用古老的工艺来制作物品，故选C。
21．细节理解题。文章第四段讲到“His chief mtivatin, he said, was t understand the material and, thrugh that, himself. He wndered why his heart had beaten s fast in the museum that day. Gld in particular had a message fr him. His cntact with this glrius metal might fcus all his attentin and help him t hear it.(他说，他的主要动机是了解材料，并通过这些了解自己。他想知道为什么那天他的心脏在博物馆里跳动得如此之快。黄金特别向他传达了一个信息。他与这种光荣金属的接触可能会集中他的所有注意力，帮助他听到它。)”可知他终生研究黄金的主要原因是他想了解更多关于黄金和自己的知识，故选A。
22．推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“Fr 45 years in that lft, he had pursued his calling (在那间阁楼里45年来，他一直在追寻自己的使命)”以及整篇文章描述他对黄金的研究和投入，可知Daniel Brush非常投入和专注，故选C。
23．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Fr Daniel Brush, he lved the idea that ne might take a piece made by Brush ut f a pcket, let its beauty pass frm mind t mind, and smile. That t was what its maker was after. (对于Daniel Brush来说，他喜欢这样的想法：人们可以从口袋里拿出一件Brush制作的作品，让它的美从脑海中传递到脑海中，然后微笑。这也是它的制造者所追求的。)”可知作者在最后一段中强调的是Brush追求的艺术理想，故选D。
Passage 7
At 1:43 a. m, Bertzzi was awakened by a phne call frm a Nbel cmmittee representative wh, revealing the mmentus news, tld her, “Yu have 50 minutes t cllect yurself and wait until yur life changes.”
Instructed nt t share the annuncement utside f her tightest inner circle, the first persn Bertzzi called was her father, William Bertzzi, a retired physics prfessr frm MIT. “He’s 91 and, f curse, he was just verjyed,” said Bertzzi. “And then he called my sisters fr me. One f my sisters and my dad watched it live.”
Bertzzi was recgnized fr funding the field f birthgnal chemistry (生物正交化学), a set f chemical reactins that allw researchers t study mlecules (分子) and their interactins in living things withut invlving natural bilgical prcesses, Bertzzi’s lab has been using the new methds t answer fundamental questins abut the rle f sugars in bilgy, t slve practical prblems, such as develping better tests fr infectius diseases, and t create a new medicine that can better target tumrs (肿瘤).
“I culd nt be mre delighted that Bertzzi has wn the Nbel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanfrd President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pineering the field f birthgnal chemistry, Bertzzi invented a new way f studying bimlecular prcesses, ne that has helped scientists arund the wrld gain deeper understanding f chemical reactins in living systems. Being a crwn jewel in chemistry, her wrk has had remarkable real-wrld impact. The research achievements have been used t study hw cells build prteins and ther mlecules, t develp new cancermedicines, and t prduce new materials fr energy strage, amng many ther applicatins.”
“They call and I’m nt even awake ... have hundreds f vicemails. This is hw it’s ging t be all day. This is crazy,” she said. Pausing between interviews abut tw hurs later t check her messages, Bertzzi said, “My family is already bking their flights t Stckhlm. It’s amazing. G back t sleep!”
24．Why was a call made t Bertzzi at midnight?
A．T warn her f sme emergency.B．T infrm her f winning the prize.
C．T make preparatins fr a meeting.D．T cllect things t visit her relatives.
25．What des Bertzzi’s lab use the new methds t d?
A．Develp a new drug fr cancer.B．Prduce mre nutritius sugars.
C．Separate bilgy frm chemistry.D．Find cures fr infectius diseases.
26．What des the underlined part “a crwn jewel” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A．The king’s treasure.B．The universal fcus.
C．The mst cmplex part.D．The mst valuable breakthrugh.
27．What kind f persn is Bertzzi?
A．Curageus and quiet.B．Helpful and generus.
C．Wild and hard-wrking.D．Pineering and Creative.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．D 27．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。凌晨Bertzzi接到电话被告知获得了诺贝尔奖，文中介绍了她研究的内容，斯坦福大学校长对她的评价以及她接受采访时的情景。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段“At 1:43 a. m, Bertzzi was awakened by a phne call frm a Nbel cmmittee representative wh, revealing the mmentus news, tld her, “Yu have 50 minutes t cllect yurself and wait until yur life changes.”(凌晨1点43分，Bertzzi被诺贝尔委员会代表的电话吵醒，电话告诉她这一重大消息，并告诉她：“你有50分钟的时间镇定下来，等待你的生活发生改变。”)”可知，这个电话通知Bertzzi获奖了。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Bertzzi’s lab has been using the new methds t answer fundamental questins abut the rle f sugars in bilgy, t slve practical prblems, such as develping better tests fr infectius diseases, and t create a new medicine that can better target tumrs (肿瘤).(Bertzzi的实验室一直在使用新方法来回答关于糖在生物学中作用的基本问题，解决实际问题，如开发更好的传染病检测方法，以及创造一种可以更好地靶向肿瘤的新药。)”可知，Bertzzi的实验室运用这些新方法来开发一种治疗癌症的新药。故选A。
26．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“The research achievements have been used t study hw cells build prteins and ther mlecules, t develp new cancermedicines, and t prduce new materials fr energy strage, amng many ther applicatins.(这些研究成果已被用于研究细胞如何构建蛋白质和其他分子，开发新的抗癌药物，以及生产用于储能的新材料，以及许多其他应用。)”可推知，她的发现非常有价值。由此可知，划线部分所在句子意为“作为化学界最有价值的成就，她的工作在现实世界中产生了显著的影响”，即a crwn jewel意为“重要或最有价值的东西”，即The mst valuable breakthrugh。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Bertzzi was recgnized fr funding the field f birthgnal chemistry(Bertzzi因创立生物正交化学领域而受到认可)”和第四段的“In pineering the field f birthgnal chemistry, Bertzzi invented a new way f studying bimlecular prcesses(在开创生物正交化学领域时，Bertzzi发明了一种研究生物分子过程的新方法)”推知，Bertzzi是有开拓性的和有创造力的，即Pineering and Creative，故选D。
Passage 8
An 89-year-ld man frm the American state f Rhde Island has reached a gal he spent 20 years wrking tward and nearly a lifetime thinking abut. He earned his Ph, D．and became a physicist.
Manfred Steiner successfully passed his paper recently at Brwn University in Prvidence. Steiner values this degree because it is what he always wanted, and because he vercame health prblems that culd have affected his studies t get it.
As a yung persn in Vienna, Austria, Steiner wanted t becme a physicist after reading abut Albert Einstein. But after Wrld War I, his mther and uncle tld him that studying medicine wuld be a better chice. He earned his medical degree in 1955 and mved t the United States sn after. In America, he had a wnderful career studying bld. Then he became a full prfessr and led the hematlgy (血液学) department at Brwn’s medical schl frm 1985 t 1994. Steiner helped set up, a research prgram in hematlgy at the University f Nrth Carlina. He directed that prgram until he retired frm medicine in 2000 and returned t Rhde Island.
Steiner fund medical research pleasing, but it was nt quite the same as his interest in physics. At age 70, he started taking undergraduate classes. He was planning t just take a few classes that interested him. But by 2007, he had managed t jin the dctral prgram.
Physics prfessr Brad Marstn was surprised when Steiner entered his class. But the prfessr sn realized hw serius Steiner was abut the subject and hw hard he wrked. “He has written many papers in medical science, mre papers than I’ve written in physics. He already had a scientific way f thinking that yunger students have t develp,” Marstn said. Steiner nw hpes t help the prfessrs he befriended during his studies with their research.
28．What happened t Steiner n his way t get a Ph, D．in physics?
A．He left the United States.
B．He began t dislike medicine.
C．His physical cnditin was bad.
D．He was always supprted by his mther.
29．What des paragraph 3 mainly tell us abut Steiner?
A．His interesting classes.
B．His career in medicine.
C．His effrt t becme a physicist.
D．His childhd experiences in Austria.
30．What is Marstn’s attitude t Steiner’s study f physics?
A．Oppsed.B．Psitive.C．Uncaring.D．Impatient.
31．Which wrd can best describe Steiner?
A．Odd.B．Ashamed.C．Athletic.D．Hardwrking.
【答案】28．C 29．B 30．B 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了物理学家Manfred Steiner的奋斗历程。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Steiner values this degree because it is what he always wanted, and because he vercame health prblems that culd have affected his studies t get it.(Steiner之所以重视这个学位，是因为这是他一直想要的，也是因为他克服了可能影响学业的健康问题)”可知，Steiner克服了健康问题获得了物理博士学位，可知他在获得物理学博士学位的路上他的身体状况曾很差。故选C。
29．主旨大意题。根据第三段“But after Wrld War I, his mther and uncle tld him that studying medicine wuld be a better chice. He earned his medical degree in 1955 and mved t the United States sn after. In America, he had a wnderful career studying bld. Then he became a full prfessr and led the hematlgy (血液学) department at Brwn’s medical schl frm 1985 t 1994. Steiner helped set up, a research prgram in hematlgy at the University f Nrth Carlina. He directed that prgram until he retired frm medicine in 2000 and returned t Rhde Island.(但在第一次世界大战后，他的母亲和叔叔告诉他，学习医学会是一个更好的选择。他于1955年获得医学学位，不久后移居美国。在美国，他在研究血液方面有着美好的职业生涯。然后他成为了一名正教授，并在1985年至1994年领导了血液学。Steiner帮助建立了北卡罗来纳大学血液学研究项目。他执导该节目，直到2000年从医学界退休，回到罗德岛)”可知，该段主要讲述了Steiner的医学生涯。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Marstn说的话“He has written many papers in medical science, mre papers than I’ve written in physics. He already had a scientific way f thinking that yunger students have t develp(他写了很多医学论文，比我写的物理学论文还多。他已经有了一种科学的思维方式，年轻的学生必须培养这种思维方式)”推知，他对Steiner从事物理研究持肯定的态度。故选B。
31．推理判断题。本文讲述了Steiner的奋斗历程，结合第一段的“An 89-year-ld man frm the American state f Rhde Island has reached a gal he spent 20 years wrking tward and nearly a lifetime thinking abut.(来自美国罗德岛州的一位89岁的老人已经实现了一个目标，他花了20年的时间致力于这个目标，几乎一生都朝着该目标奋斗)”和最后一段的“But the prfessr sn realized hw serius Steiner was abut the subject and hw hard he wrked.(但教授很快意识到Steiner对这个问题有多么认真，工作有多么努力)”推知，Steiner是一个勤奋努力的人。故选D。