2025中考英语解题技巧(全国通用)专题3.推理判断解题技巧(学生版+解析)特训

这是一份2025中考英语解题技巧(全国通用)专题3.推理判断解题技巧(学生版+解析)特训，文件包含2025中考英语解题技巧全国通用专题3推理判断解题技巧教师版docx、2025中考英语解题技巧全国通用专题3推理判断解题技巧学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共40页， 欢迎下载使用。

方法：在理解原文表面信息的基础上，做出判断和推理。得出其隐含意义和深层意思。考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。依据文章事实，得出得出符合逻辑的结论。
陷阱： = 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①文章直接言明的内容，这不是推断出来的（凡是推断题一定不选原文信息的同义表述） = 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②注意干扰项与文章内容有细微区别。（推理判断一定要合情合理，有理有据，依据事实，切不可主观臆断）
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③察言观色，依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
1.细节推断类
细节推断类多为推断文章细节或作者观点、态度，其常见设问方式如下所示：
Frm this passage, we can infer/knw/learn that __________.
What can we learn frm the passage?/What d yu knw
The writer prbably agrees that __________.
细节推断题实际考查的是对文章细节的理解，选项中只有1项与原文表述一致，其他3个选项均为对原文的错误表述。该类型题目可以用判断正误法来解。
Anther effective slutin is starting prgrams t reduce（减少）fd waste. Stres and buyers can try their best t be creative in fd waste reductin.Fr example, （C选项对应原文） stres can prvide custmers with instructins telling them hw t make full use f fd. Buyers can try nt fixing their eyes nly n fd f the best quality（质量）. （B选项对应原文）Smetimes, the fd f nn-tp quality is als gd enugh t eat, r can be bught and then used t make delicius dishes.
（D选项对应原文）One f the hardest slutins t achieve is fr each and every ne t buy and prepare fd with a plan f their wn s that less fd is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use f meal plans in preparing fd can play an imprtant rle in ending fd waste in the family.
（A选项对应原文）Fd recycling is ne f the knwn slutins. Effrts are nw already in prgress. Fd that is nt safe fr humans t eat is recycled int ther prducts such as animal feeds and clthing. Yet, there is still a lng way t g and much fr imprvement in this area.
问：What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Fd recycling has been hugely successful.
B. Buyers shuld give up nn-tp quality fd.
C. Stres shuld train peple t make delicius dishes.
D. Meal plans in the family are hard t put int practice.
2. 逻辑推理法
逻辑推理法，即根据上下文及其相互间的关系，对文章片段或全文进行深层理解来解答题目。常以时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据，有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音。主要考查学生对文章细节的理解和逻辑思维的推断能力。
The best way t learn English is t have a gd envirnment. Take ntes in English, put English bks arund yur rm, listen t English radis, watch English news, mvies and TV prgrams. Speak English with yur friends whenever yu can. The mre English materials that yu have arund yu, the faster yu will learn it.
Many peple think that exercises and tests aren't much fun. Hwever, by ding exercises and taking tests yu can really imprve yur English. If yu never test yurself, yu will never knw hw much yu are making prgress.
Accrding t the passage, English exercises and tests are ______.
A. very necessaryB. nt helpful at all
C. very bringD. nt imprtant
观点态度判定法
观点态度判定法，就是从作者的措词、语气或对某个细节的把握来推断作者在整篇文章中所表现出来的态度，以及对事物的评价。主要考查学生对于作者陈述事件时所表达出的个人观点态度的推断能力。
What the primary schl in Fuzhu is ding is wrth praising. Ding chres can put a sense f respnsibility int students' minds and teach them the spirit f rules as well as teamwrk. Als, it can make students' in-schl experiences mre meaningful.
What des the writer think f ding chres?
A. He thinks it's a waste f time.
B. He thinks it's the parents' jb.
C. He can't understand.
D. He thinks it's gd fr students.
语境推断法（适用于推断某句/某段的写作目的）
Over the past century and a half, hwever, studies in the histry f human develpment have shwn that the frmatin f culture is part f the bilgical adaptatin（适应）,fr example,hunting(打猎). It seems t be an adaptatin, which allwed humans t mve int new and different areas, pening up the pprtunity t change living habits.
At the same time, the develpment f weapns（武器） is related t that adaptatin—frm rcks and stnes t a set f hunting tls, and frm hunting tls t rules relating t the prper use f weapns. Hunting als seems t be respnsible fr a whle set f bdily abilities, such as balancing n ne ft. Just think f hw this very simple thing is clsely related t dance, a key expressin f human culture. It is then clear that bilgical develpment and cultural develpment are clsely tied.
问：Why des the writer talk abut . .hunting in Paragraph 3?
A. T suggest sme pssible ways f changing living habits.
B. T stress the imprtance f tls in humans’ struggle fr life.
C. T shw hw culture develps as humans adapt t the envirnment.
D. T explain why there is a need t call fr the prper use f weapns.
5.主旨推断法（适用于推断整篇文章的写作目的）
A Pathway（路径） t Meaning in Life
When it cmes t a meaningful life, we might think f lve, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what mst f us want fr urselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life cmes dwn t three factrs (因素): having lng-term gals,believing that ne’s life matters, and feeling that ne’s life fits tgether and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is mre t cnsider. Smetimes life enables us t experience small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these mments may imprve hw they see their wn life. We call this experiential appreciatin (EA). EA is abut the persn feeling cnnected t events and being able t appreciate the value within the cnnectin. It shws the discvery f and admiratin fr life’s beauty.
We recently set ut t better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was als tied t general judgment f meaning in life. If s, it culd be a factr fr meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had peple rate (评估) their supprt fr different methds f reducing stress. We fund that peple wh managed stress by fcusing n their appreciatin fr life’s beauty als reprted experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked peple t rate the degree t which they agreed with varius statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty f life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as ther statements that related t the three factrs and a general sense f meaning in life. Our results shwed that the mre peple reprted that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the mre they felt their life was valuable.
In the fllwing studies, we further lked at the cnnectin between EA and meaningfulness. Fr example, we fund that peple wh were asked t lk back n the mst meaningful event f the past week generally reprted high EA in thse mments.
All the results prved ur thery (假设) true. But putting it int practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with gals. We try t get the highest utput bth at wrk and in spare time. This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. We shuld slw dwn and let life surprise us.
问：What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T explain hw t discver beauty in life.
B. T discuss what the true meaning f life is.
C. T intrduce a new factr fr a meaningful life.
D. T cmpare different factrs fr meaningfulness.
6.情景推断类
情景推断题考查对文中重点论述的某个观点/概念/方法的理解，选项一般为不同的生活情景，要求选出符合该观点/概念/方法的情景。常见的设问方式如下所示：
Yu were mst prbably when __________.
Yu will mst prbably yu __________.
Accrding t the writer, we __________.
情景推断题考查的是文中重点论述的观点/概念/方法，原文一般会使用概念解释和示例来加以论述，因此可利用原文中的解释和示例来找出选项中与之相符的情景。
Enjyment is characterized by a sense f curisity, f achievement. Playing a tennis game that imprves ne’s ability is enjyable, as is reading a bk that shws things in a new light, as is having a cnversatin that leads us t express ideas we didn’t knw we had. Nne f these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back n them afterwards, we wuld say, “That really was fun” and wish they wuld happen again. After an enjyable event we knw that we have changed, and grwn.
问：Yu will mst prbably experience enjyment when yu ______.
A. buy expensive shes
B. rder a delicius meal
C. talk with friends fr new ideas
D. sit quietly in frnt f a televisin
7.文章出处判定法
文章出处判定法，就是根据文章的语言、用词、格式、内容等推断出文章的出处，如杂志、报纸、网络等。主要考查学生对各种文章出处的特点和常识的掌握能力，以及对文章的体裁和题材的准确把握能力。
Have yu ever wanted t achieve a gal and ended up ding lts f research n hw t achieve it? As yu learned mre and mre, it seemed yu knew less and less. That is because when yu learned a new cncept (概念), yu fund that there was a lt mre t knw abut it.
Usually, peple think they need t get mre and mre infrmatin befre trying a new idea...
One f the best ways t learn is t take actin and learn frm the results...
Learning mre is great but if all yu're ding is learning and nt taking actin, it's time t change that. Just take the first step.
We can usually read the passage in ______.
A. a strybkB. a newspaper
C. an advertisementD. a guidebk
8.读者对象判定法
读者对象判定法，就是根据文章内容推断出文章是针对哪个群体阅读的。主要考查学生的概括和推断能力。
What can yu d with cyberbullying (网络欺凌)?
If smene is nt kind t yu, tell an adult that yu knw r like. Fr example, talk t a parent r a teacher.
If yu get bad messages, dn't reply. Yu shuld save them and give them t yur teacher, yur family, r the plice. Ask an adult fr help. Dn't share anything befre yu make sure it is true.
Say srry if yu are nt kind t smene. Yu can write a message r talk t the persn. And always remember: think abut hw t be kind in the future.
This passage is mainly written fr ______.
A. teachersB. parentsC. childD. the plice
9.论证方式判定法
论证方式判定法，就是对文章提出的观点举例子，列数字，作比较等方式去支撑文章中提出的观点，证明观点的合理性。主要考查学生对题干的理解，及线索句的定位和理解能力。
The Internet f things may be cming sner than yu think. It is reprted that during his speech earlier this year, Samsung (三星) CEO BK Yn spent a lt f time talking abut the Internet f things. He said that five years frm nw, every Samsung prduct will be part f the Internet f things, whether itˈs a washing machine r a vacuum cleaner(吸尘器).
The Samsung CEO’s speech is mentined t prve(证明) that ____
A. Samsung prduced the Internet f things in the past.
B. The Internet f things will cme int ur daily life sner.
C. He spent a lt f time talking abut the Internet f things
D. Samsung prducts are part f the Internet f things.
10.篇章结构判定法
篇章结构判定法，就是对文章整体的结构，或者段落中某事件的结构进行分析总结，常以排序或结构图示等来考查。主要考查学生对整体文章内容的理解和概括能力。
Arund the wrld, peple have different ideas abut what gd manners are.
When yu g t restaurants in different parts f the wrld, it’s imprtant t knw the right and wrng things t d. Fr example, in China, it’s OK t make a lt f nise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn’t nisy r lively, yu may think there’s smething wrng with it. Hwever, in many western cuntries, restaurants are quiet places. If a table is t lud, ther peple in the restaurant might even cmplain t the wner f the restaurant.
Paying the bill is als different frm cuntry t cuntry. In China, ne persn usually pays fr everybdy. In western cuntries, ne persn pays when he r she is entertaining clients, but when friends eat tgether, they usually share the cst. This is called “Ging Dutch”. Als, when Westerners pay the bill, they usually leave sme mney fr the waiter. This is called “leaving a tip”. Leaving a tip is thught t be plite. In the US, peple are expected t tip between 15%and 20%f the bill, which is decided by hw gd the service is. Gd waiters can make a lt f mney!
Different cuntries have different custms. When yu travel t anther cuntry, please fllw its custms, just as the saying ges “When in Rme, d as the Rmans d.”
If we put the passage int three parts, which f the fllwing is the best?
(①=Para.1②=Para.2③=Para.3④=Para.4 )
A.①;②③;④ B.①;②; ③④ C.①②;③;④ D.①;②③④
一.[2024长沙三模]C
Even thugh African elephants are prtected, many f them are still being killed fr their ivry.
At the end f the 1970s, ver 1.3 millin elephants walked arund Africa, but tday, the number has fallen t arund 500,000. This is mainly caused by illegal（非法的） hunting fr ivry. The demand fr ivry in markets, especially in Asia and Africa, cntinues t push the illegal trade. This has resulted in the deaths f at least 35,000 African elephants each year.
Ivry, als knwn as “white gld”, has lng been cnsidered valuable. Its unusual lk has led t its use in lts f expensive things, including jewellery, musical instruments and art. And the ivry material itself can stand the test f time. S many peple are willing t pay a high price fr ivry prducts.
Hwever, n matter hw much real ivry is sld fr, it’s certainly nt wrth the harm t elephants. That’s why sme scientists are wrking t achieve the same beauty f ivry withut killing any animals.
Thaddaa Rath and her team at the Vienna University f Technlgy have created the ivry called “Digry”. The high-tech ivry is made frm synthetic resin（合成树脂） and calcium phsphate particles（磷酸钙颗粒）. It’s first frmed int the shape by a 3D printer. And then it is clr-matched and clred. Next, it is plished（抛光） t make it lk like real natural ivry.
Althugh Digry lks s real that it is hard t tell it frm real ivry, its chemical structure is cmpletely different frm that f the real ne. Fritz Vllrath, a bilgist wh is against killing elephants fr ivry, felt excited abut the inventin and spke highly f it fr the fact that Digry culd save many elephants frm risks.
Scientists have made sme achievements, but we still need t d mre research t make sure that they are widely used. It’s still hpeful that scientists may be able t prtect African elephants by making high-tech materials t take the place f real ivry.
1．Hw des the authr shw the dangerus situatins f elephants?
A. By telling a stry.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By asking a questin.
2．Why d many peple want t buy ivry prducts at high prices?
A. Fr its cmmn lk.
B. Fr its lng histry.
C. Fr its high-quality material.
3．What d we knw abut making “Digry”?
①Its steps. ②Its time. ③Its materials. ④Its cst.
A. ①②B. ③④C. ①③
4．Which f the fllwing des the writer agree with?
A. Technlgy can take humans’ place in creating art.
B. It is almst impssible that Digry will be widely used.
C. The use f technlgy can supprt the prtectin f wildlife.
二． [2024杭州一模]
Many peple with physical disabilities think that they cannt d any sprts. Hwever, at Adaptive Outdrz, we believe that everyne can d sprts! We teach disabled peple whitewater rafting, skiing, snwbarding, and many ther exciting utdr sprts. Many disabled peple dn't d any sprts because they think it's t dangerus fr them. They are afraid that they will get hurt. Hwever, in the past 12 years, we have prved（证明） t ur students again and again that this is nt true.
Our excellent caches are very careful when they teach disabled peple, s ur students are always safe. In fact, many f ur caches have disabilities, t, s they really understand hw their students feel. They als knw that many peple with disabilities need new challenges in their lives. When peple with disabilities reach their gals successfully by trying smething new, it is an exciting experience fr them! Many students tell us that after they learned hw t d a new sprt, they discvered that they felt much mre cnfident, nt nly abut ding sprts, but abut all parts f their life. Here is what the father f ne f ur students said t us:
“My wife and I bth lve t ski. S when ur daughter was brn with a disability, we thught that unluckily she culd never enjy the sprt that we lve s much. When she was six, we heard abut Adaptive Outdrz, and we decided t take her t yur ski schl fr ne week. This was the best decisin we ever made! We learned that when yur child has a disability, yu have t keep teaching her t d new and mre difficult things. This teaches her hw t take a risk. Being successful helps her t becme a strng and happy persn. Nw ur daughter says that skiing is easy, and she makes up her mind t learn hw t snwbard! Thank yu, Adaptive Outdrz!”
1．What des the underlined wrd “this” refer t in Paragraph 1?
A. It's t dangerus fr disabled peple t d sprts.
B. It's nt necessary t teach disabled peple t d sprts.
C. It's easier fr disabled peple t hurt thers during sprts.
D. It's useful fr disabled teachers t teach disabled children.
2．What's the advantage f having disabled caches in Adaptive Outdrz?
A. They are mre cnfident and careful.
B. They always like t try smething new.
C. They can understand their students' feelings.
D. They are really gd at ding utdr sprts.
3．Hw des the writer supprt his pinin abut Adaptive Outdrz in the last paragraph?
A. By telling a regrettable stry.
B. By using a persnal experience.
C. By prviding sme numbers.
D. By questining sme famus experts.
4．What's Adaptive Outdrz accrding t the passage?
A. Sprts clubs fr disabled caches and teachers.
B. Training prgrams fr parents with disabled children.
C. Summer camps fr children wh lve utdr sprts.
D. Special prgrams fr children and adults with disabilities.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Adaptive Outdrz通过教授残疾人户外运动，帮助他们克服对运动的恐惧，增强自信心，享受生活。
三．[2024长沙三模]B
The Last Leaf is a shrt stry written by the US writer O. Henry, ne f the mst famus shrt stry writers in histry. His stries are knwn fr their surprising endings, nw called “O. Henry endings”.
In the stry f The Last Leaf, Sue and Janna are tw artists living in New Yrk City. Unfrtunately, Janna is ill and will prbably die. In an apartment, smething tuching and unexpected happens. Let’s find ut mre in the fllwing excerpt（节选）.
Sue lked ut f the windw. All she saw was an ld yellw and green ivy（常春藤） plant. The half-dead plant had few leaves n it because f the autumn winds.
“There are nly five, nw,” said Janna.
“Five what, dear? What are yu cunting?”
“The ivy leaves,” replied Janna. “When the last ne falls, I must g, t. I’ve knwn that fr three days. Didn’t the dctr tell yu?”
“Janna, dn’t say that. Nw, have sme sup and I’ll finish my picture.”
“I dn’t want any sup,” said Janna, lking ut f the windw. “Nw there are nly fur.”
“Janna, dear, try t sleep. I must ask Mr. Behrman t cme up here. I want t draw a picture f him as a pr ld miner.”
Mr. Behrman, wh was ver 60 years ld, lived dwnstairs. He was a painter, t. But he never painted a gd picture, and he drank a lt. Sue tld him all abut what Janna was saying.
“She can’t really think that this will happen! The pr wman!” he cried.
...
Finally, there was nly ne last leaf n the ivy plant. After a few windy days, the leaf was still there.
“Susie,” said Janna, “I’ve been a bad girl. That last leaf is telling me that it was very wrng f me t want t die. Bring me sme sup, dear.”
The next day, the dctr said, “She’s ut f danger. But pr Mr. Behrman dwnstairs is dying. There’s n hpe fr him, I’m afraid.”
That afternn Sue went int Janna’s bedrm.
“Janna, dear, Mr. Behrman died tday. And d yu knw why? One terrible, cld wet night he tk a ladder（梯子） and sme green and yellw paint and he climbed up, and—h, lk at the last ivy leaf n the wall! Why didn’t it mve in the wind? It was Mr. Behrman’s last great picture. He painted it there the night that the last leaf fell.”
1．What can we knw abut The Last Leaf accrding t the passage?
A. It has an expected and exciting ending.
B. It tells a mving stry happening in an apartment.
C. It is a lng stry written by the US writer O. Henry.
2．Hw lng can Janna live in the dctr’s eyes?
A. Fr several days.B. Fr several mnths.C. Fr several years.
3．Why didn’t the last ivy leaf fall after a few windy days?
A. Because it was painted n the wall.
B. Because the wind was nt s strng.
C. Because the leaf was yung and green.
4．What can we infer（推断） frm the passage?
A. Mr. Behrman was a very kind-hearted artist.
B. Sue was t busy t cmfrt her friend Janna.
C. Janna was a careless girl withut hpe in her life.
本文主要节选自美国作家欧·亨利的短篇小说《最后一片叶子》。
四． [2023温州,B]
A marathn is a lng running race f 26.2 miles （42.195 kilmeters）. The first Olympic Marathn was held in Athens. Nw, many cities hst their wn marathns every year. Sme f the best-knwn marathns arund the wrld are the New Yrk City Marathn, the Bstn Marathn and the Tky Marathn. Amng them, the Bstn Marathn which started in 1897, is the ldest yearly marathn in the wrld. As time ges by, the sprt has becme mre than just a race.
Themes f marathns add fun and meaning t the hard miles. Runners run fr helping sick kids, celebrating imprtant events, r just enjying nature. There is a famus marathn in Gisbrne, New Zealand, which is knwn fr being the first city in the wrld t welcme the sunlight every day. Runners can greet the sunrise as they race alng the glden sandy beaches.
Marathn rutes bring peple mre understanding f the ld sprt. Sme rutes prvide great sprting challenges fr runners. The rutes ffer varius surfaces, frm bridges t sands t hills. Runners f all skill levels can sweat freely and push their limits（极限；限制） in the race. Sme rutes are well planned fr runners t explre the many sides f a city. Fr example, the rute f the Great Wall Marathn takes the runners alng the great wnder f the wrld. The race can be an amazing chance t get t knw Beijing, its peple and lcal fd.
A marathn is quite a jurney fr runners t enjy the run, challenge themselves and experience the culture. There is s much mre behind the race fr us t explre.
1．Accrding t the passage, the ldest yearly marathn is ______.
A. the Tky MarathnB. the Olympic Marathn
C. the Bstn MarathnD. the New Yrk City Marathn
2．What might be the theme f the marathn in Gisbrne?
A. First Light.B. Lively Kids.C. Green Miles.D. Fun Beach.
3．The writer uses the example f the Great Wall Marathn t tell that the rute ______.
A. is difficult t planB. shws the city culture
C. ffers different surfacesD. brings challenge t runners
4．What's the best title fr the passage?
A. Marathn: Nt Just a RaceB. Marathn: Rutes and Rules
C. Marathn: Histry and ThemesD. Marathn: A Race fr Everyne
五．[2024长沙二模]B
Fr yung peple wh grw up in villages, finding a jb in the city sunds gd. But Ning Fenfang, 34, left the big city t be a farmer. In 2017, she left her jb in Hangzhu, Zhejiang Prvince, and went back t her hmetwn f Cili Cunty in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Prvince. At that time, much f the farmland there was deserted（被遗弃）. Seeing this, Ning decided t be a farmer. She started grwing rice and rapeseed（油菜籽） in 2020 and hired many villagers t wrk n her land, prviding jbs fr lcal peple.
Ning nw farms mre than 66.7 hectares（公顷） f land. Mre than 300 husewives have wrked part-time n her land, each making mre than 10,000 yuan per year. “It’s never easy,” said Ning. At first, she didn’t have enugh farming knwledge. Then, peple culdn’t understand her decisin t becme a farmer. Farming is ften seen as an “unsuitable” jb fr bth the pst-90s generatin and wmen in general. Hwever, Ning lved farming. “When yu’re tired, yu can stp and rest and d what yu want t d. Every day, yu can enjy nature, which many peple hpe fr,” Ning said.
Ning has tried t turn farming int a “fashinable” jb. Rather than depending n farmers nly, she advises mechanized（机械化） farming, which means using high-tech machines. She als plans t prvide children living in cities with a chance t experience farming.
Ning always feels respnsible fr farmers. Recently she has suggested that the agricultural insurance（农业保险） plans shuld include greenhuses, as freezing rain hit her hmetwn and caused a great lss t the farmer in the winter f 2023.
1．What can we infer frm the first paragraph?
A. Many yung peple frm villages expect t get a jb in the city.
B. Quite a few yung peple want t be farmers in the village nw.
C. It’s impssible fr yung peple frm villages t get a jb in the city.
2．Hw did Ning manage her farmland at first?
A. She wrked n the land by herself.
B. She hired many villagers t wrk n her land.
C. She used high-tech machines all the time.
3．Why was it nt easy fr Ning t be a farmer at first?
A. She didn’t have a strng will.
B. She didn’t have enugh mney.
C. She didn’t have enugh farming knwledge.
4．What is Ning like accrding t the last tw paragraphs?
A. Friendly and humrus.
B. Creative and respnsible.
C. Strict and hard-wrking.
六．（2024广州一模，A）
One dark strmy night, an elderly cuple hurried int a htel and asked whether they culd be put up fr the night. “I'm srry,” the clerk n night duty said plitely. “All the rms are taken tnight, but I can't send a nice cuple like yu ut in the rain. Wuld yu be willing t stay in my rm? It's nt exactly a htel rm but it will make yu cmfrtable. As I'm n duty, I'll be staying up in the ffice anyway.” The elderly cuple accepted his ffer thankfully.
The next day, when the ld gentleman went t pay his bill, the clerk behind the receptin desk was that same helpful yung man. “The rm yu and yur wife stayed in is nt a prper guestrm s yu dn't need t pay,” said the clerk with the same friendly smile. The ld gentleman ndded with a smile, “Yu're an emplyee （雇员） that every bss in the htel business wuld dream f. Perhaps smeday I'll build a htel fr yu.” The clerk was amazed but he decided that the guest must have been jking. He gave n mre thught t what the ld man said.
Tw years later, the yung man received a letter frm the ld gentleman in which he mentined the experience f that dark strmy night. With the letter, there was an air ticket t New Yrk and an invitatin, asking the yung man t pay a visit. At a street crner in Manhattan, the yung man met his ld guest. The gentleman pinted t a great new building and said, “Lk, that is the htel I prmised t build fr yu. I hpe yu'll manage it fr me.” The yung man was shcked, “Sir, why d yu chse me and wh are yu?” “My name is William Astr. Like I tld yu befre, yu are the best emplyee I culd ever dream f.”
This building was the Waldrf Astria Htel. This htel has been a symbl in the city f New Yrk and the N.1 chice fr visiting leaders frm different cuntries. The yung man wh became its first manager was Gerge Bldt. He turned Waldrf int ne f the mst famus htels in the wrld.
1．What can we knw abut the cuple frm the beginning f the stry?
A. They were all wet n a strmy night.
B. They bked a htel rm befre they arrived.
C. They stayed in the htel clerk's rm fr the night.
D. They flew t New Yrk hurriedly that night.
2．Why did the ld gentleman nd with a smile after hearing the clerk's reply?
A. Because the htel rm was cmfrtable.
B. Because the price f the rm was reasnable.
C. Because he was satisfied with the clerk.
D. Because he fund the clerk's reply very funny.
3．Hw did the clerk feel when he heard the ld gentleman's prmise in paragraph 2?
A. He didn't take it seriusly.B. He fund the decisin amazing.
C. He expected it t cme true.D. He jked abut it with thers.
4．Why did William Astr chse Gerge Bldt as the manager f his new htel?
A. Because Gerge Bldt was kind and dependable.
B. Because Gerge Bldt was yung and plite.
C. Because William Astr always kept prmises.
D. Because Gerge Bldt was ppular amng leaders.
七．（2023广州，B）
Cme n, Amy. Yu must TRY HARDER. Amy tld herself silently. She was in her class's Secnd-Day-f-Schl Game with her teammates, whm she nly met yesterday. This was her first chance t make new friends, and she was nervus.
S far Amy hadn't given any useful suggestins—after all, she was ttally new t this twn. Luckily, n ne seemed t care abut it. This relaxed her a lt.
Since the Blue Team left the park, they had wrked ut the first tw clues（线索） and had been t the pst ffice. Nw they were in frnt f the cinema.
Henry was reading alud the third clue: G t ur twn funder's last resting place.
I knw THIS ONE! Amy thught, excited.
“T the cemetery（墓地）,” Cindy said.
“N, wait!” Amy said. “I've read abut it. The funder was buried near the library.”
“Ww. I've walked by every day,” Tyler said. “Never knew that!”
“Gd jb! That will save valuable time,” Cindy smiled at Amy.
“We still need t hurry,” Tyler reminded, pinting t the Yellw Team cming near.
“I knw a shrtcut!” Henry suggested. “Fllw me!” N ne mved.
“N, seriusly,” Henry said. “Yu knw I'm always running late. I knw every shrtcut in twn.” The thers finally agreed.
A few sharp turns, and they were there! This time Amy read the clue alud: Nw g t the place where the ftball is running arund!
“The ftball stadium!” They called ut tgether and started t run. ...
Nw they'd gt the final clue: Lk where yu've been, and see where yu are. Use yur map wisely and yu'll be a star!
Lking clsely at the map, everyne thught hard.
“Aha! A star!” Cindy suddenly brke the silence. She quickly tk ut a pencil.
As they watched her drawing lines n the map, everyne understd.
They began running back t where they started. They were clser and clser, and finally crssed the finish line—just ne step behind the Red Team!
“” Tyer made a face, and they all laughed tgether.
“Nice jb, new girl,” Cindy gave Amy a high-five.
“That was really fun,” said Henry. “I hpe we'll be n the same team sn.”
“Me, t,” Amy agreed, smiling.
1．What des the beginning f the stry tell us abut Amy?
A. She didn't want t play the game.
B. She was a new student in her class.
C. She was a member f the Red Team.
D. She didn't understand the game rules.
2．Why did the team let Henry lead the way at last?
A. He ran fastest in the team.B. They didn't knw the way.
C. They trusted his rich experience.D. He was best at playing the game.
3．Where was the finish line f the game?
A. In the park.B. Next t the pst ffice.
C. In frnt f the cinema.D. Outside the library.
4．Why did Amy smile at the end f the stry?
A. Her team came in first.B. She was accepted as a friend.
C. She n lnger felt nervus.D. There wuld be a game sn.
八．（2023浙江宁波，D）
Plants are mre than just pretty t lk at. They give us fruits, vegetables and fd we eat. Sme plants even prvide materials fr medicine r building things. But d yu knw that plants can d smething even mre amazing? They can make ur hmes, schls and wrkplaces much healthier.
We spend a large part f ur day indrs. Unluckily, the air inside buildings can ften be full f chemicals（化学物质） frm many things arund us. This pr air quality（质量） can make us feel sick, causing sre eyes and thrats, and even making it hard fr us t breathe. When the air inside buildings gets really bad, peple even call them “sick buildings”.
The gd news is that plants are like nature's little superheres. They have a magic pwer fighting against bad air. Plants breathe in carbn dixide （CO2） and breathe ut xygen （O2） which we humans need t live. They can als add misture t the air if it's t dry, making it mre cmfrtable fr us t breathe.
▲ Scientists have discvered that plants have the ability t take in harmful chemicals, making the air arund us safer t breathe. They set up a cmpletely clsed building called “bi-hme”fr experiments. Befre they added plants, the air inside was full f chemicals and peple fund it hard t breathe. But after they added plants, the air gt much cleaner and it became easier t breathe. T make the air inside even better, the scientists used different kinds f plants. After a while, the building wasn't a “sick building” any mre. Peple culd g inside withut feeling unwell.
S yu see, plants are fantastic! They are nt nly beautiful t lk at, but they als prvide us with fd, help create materials and play an imprtant rle in ur health. They make ur indr envirnments cleaner and healthier, making us feel better. Next time yu see a plant, remember all the amazing things it can d fr us!
1．Which f the fllwing is ne way fr plants t imprve the air inside buildings?
A. They breathe ut carbn dixide.B. They prduce xygen.
C. They give ut harmful chemicals.D. They make the air dry.
2．Which can be the best t fill in the blank ▲ in Paragraph 4?
A. But the mst amazing thing plants can d is t clean the air.
B. But ne interesting thing plants can d is t build things.
C. But plants can prvide what humans need t eat.
D. But plants can be used t make medicine fr humans.
3．Hw des the writer supprt his pinin abut plants imprving air quality?
A. By telling persnal experiences.B. By prviding numbers and frms.
C. By questining famus scientists.D. By using scientific experiments.
4．What des the writer mainly want t tell us?
A. Plants are imprtant fr prviding fd.
B. Plants make peple lk much better.
C. Plants are gd fr indr envirnments.
D. Plants make it easier t build huses.
九．（2024·北京丰台·二模）
Are yu aviding pain r living with purpse?
There are tw paths we can take in any given situatin: ne is the path f aviding pain in the mment, and the ther is the mre difficult path f delaying (推迟) pleasure fr a bigger purpse.
Sme peple dn’t see the value in having patience during difficult times r wrking tward a gal; they want t lse the weight nw and wuld rather buy the latest, greatest cell phne than save fr retirement (退休). We ften make ur life chices accrding t hw we can avid pain in the mment and, in ding s, fail t see that the path f delayed gratificatin (满足) is smetimes where the real slutins t ur prblems lie.
Studies shw that delayed gratificatin is ne f the mst effective persnal qualities f successful peple. Peple wh learn hw t manage their need t be satisfied in the mment thrive (蓬勃发展) mre in their careers, relatinships and health than peple wh give in t it.
A well-knwn study cnducted at Stanfrd University in the 1960s explains a lt abut why it’s beneficial t delay gratificatin. In the study, children were placed in a rm with ne marshmallw n a plate. The lead researcher gave the children an easy instructin: Yu can eat the marshmallw nw, r wait 15 minutes and receive tw marshmallws. The researchers fund that the children wh were able t wait fr the secnd marshmallw withut eating the first ne scred higher n standardized tests, had better health, and were less likely t have behavir prblems.
Cnsider the results f this study, and think abut yurself and yur actins. Are yu able t wait fr things yu really want, even if it invlves giving up pleasure and satisfactin nw? D yu make decisins based n yur life purpse r n what feels gd nw? D yu smetimes give up t sn? Can yu think f a time when yu successfully cmpleted a difficult task? Hw did it make yu feel abut yurself? What were the results f waiting?
Delaying gratificatin isn’t a new cncept. Back in 300 B．C．, Aristtle saw that the reasn why s many peple were unhappy was that they cnfused pleasure fr true happiness.
True happiness, accrding t Aristtle, is abut develping habits and surrunding yurself with peple wh grw yur sul (灵魂). This allws yu t mve tward yur greatest natural ability. True happiness needs delaying pleasure, and putting in the time, discipline and patience required t achieve a gal instead f feeling gd nw.
A life f purpse, aligned (保持一致) with the seeking f true happiness, creates real jy. It keeps yur happiness meter pretty steady (稳定的) thrughut yur life. S, which path wuld yu like t take?
1．Peple wh delay gratificatin will prbably ________.
A．avid pain and give up in the mment
B．wrk hard patiently fr a bigger gal
C．fail t see where the real slutins t their prblems lie
D．succeed easily in their careers, relatinships and health
2．Why des the writer mentin the well-knwn study in Paragraph 5?
A．T shw children’s different chices.
B．T tell readers the study was very scientific.
C．T prve the value f putting ff gratificatin.
D．T explain why sme children were mre successful.
3．The writer prbably agrees that ________.
A．a purpseful life can bring us real jy
B．pleasure helps us t make crrect decisins
C．pleasure plays a key rle in a life f purpse
D．true happiness is abut aviding pain in the mment
4．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T encurage us t delay pleasure fr a bigger purpse.
B．T explain the meanings f pleasure and true happiness.
C．T cmpare tw different paths t a life f purpse.
D．T discuss the gd effects f delayed gratificatin.
十.（2024·北京东城·二模）We live in a sciety that judges ur happiness by hw much we have achieved and hw successful we are. We are ften tld, “Wrk hard, becme successful, and then yu`ll be happy.” Is it true?
Can Success Bring Happiness?
Happiness helps yu get success; it’s nt the ther way arund. Studies shw happier peple are mre likely t be successful, but successful peple are predictably nt mre cheerful. When yu are happier, yu feel mre hpeful, thankful, and strng-minded, which are imprtant fr success. As a result, yu have a better chance f getting better jbs and even building strnger relatinships.
Success can cause a shrt-term increase in happiness, but it cannt guarantee a lasting ne. Shrtly after achieving success, yu return t yur usual level f happiness. Mrever, depending n success fr happiness ften adds pressure, stress and negativity t every part f ur lives. In cnclusin, chasing (追求) happiness and well-being is better than running after success.
___△___
Psitive psychlgy says that happiness is bth hw gd we feel in the present mment and hw gd we feel when we lk at ur lived lives. Trying t lead a happy life is nt always abut refusing ur negative emtins r acting as if we feel happy all the time. We all experience difficult perids, and it’s natural fr us t feel sad, angry, and ther negative emtins. Happiness is abut being able t embrace (接受) the gd times, but it’s als abut dealing with the unavidable bad times.
Is Happiness Being Satisfied With What Yu Have?
Des the thught f “nt having enugh” truble yu all the time? Are yu always chasing smething bigger and better? At the end f the day, that kind f chase can undubtedly leave anyne empty and tired. And in that prcess, yu are missing ut n getting happiness frm plenty f things yu have right nw. Instead f fcusing n getting mre, yu need t fcus n all yu have in yur life at the present mment. When yu start sharing what yu have, yu find yur happiness cntinuusly increasing.
Sure, yu can wrk hard fr success. But success wn’t necessarily lead t happiness. True happiness is in the climb itself. S, fcus n being happy right nw. Be prud f where yu are in life and wh yu are. Be happy first, and embrace the jurney t success. Then yu’ll be able t achieve mre and perfrm better in many areas f yur life, and yu’ll als enjy the jurney t yur gals.
1．The wrd “guarantee” in Paragraph 3 is clsest in meaning t ________.
A．influenceB．requireC．prmiseD．prevent
2．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best heading fr Paragraph 4?
A．When D Yu Feel Truly Happy?
B．What Des Happiness Really Mean t Yu?
C．Hw Can Yu Fully Embrace Yur Happiness?
D．Why Is Refusing Negative Emtins Key t Happiness?
3．The writer prbably agrees that ________.
A．the mre yu achieve, the happier yu will be
B．ne can’t succeed withut giving up sme happiness
C．chasing great achievement s is necessary fr happiness
D．true happiness cmes frm enjying the jurney t success
4．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T help peple balance happiness and success.
B．T explain why success brings happiness t peple.
C．T stress the imprtance f bth happiness and success.
D．T guide peple t value happiness abve achieving success.