2025年中考英语二轮复习：阅读理解（方法与哲理） 提升练习题（含答案解析）

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1．（2025•泸县一模）One Thursday afternn，when I was in Grade 9，a new by came int my classrm．He was shrt and thin．He walked up t the teacher and tld her，very seriusly，that he was new．His name was Christian．He sat dwn，tk a lk at me，and then lked away．I didn't think he was very nice and I was sure he wasn't the type I wuld like t becme friends with．
During that year，I didn't talk t him much，but he smiled at me when ur eyes met，always shyly．He never ate lunch with anybdy，and he never talked t anybdy but me．
But ne day I jined thse unkind kids wh were making fun f him．We made fun f him thugh I thught it was wrng．
"Haven't yu gt any friends？" a kid asked Christian，wh had walked past us alne，head dwn．
"N，he hasn't gt any friends．He's t stupid and shy，" I said．Then Christian lked up at me with the saddest dg eyes I had ever seen．I felt very srry at that mment．
That night，I culdn't sleep because I culdn't get Christian's face ut f my mind．In the weeks that fllwed，he never met my eyes in class and never smiled at me．It was really hard fr me t decide t write him a nte asking him t frgive（原谅） me．But I thught I shuld．
The next day in class，I wrte him a nte telling him hw srry I felt．Abut five minutes later，I turned and saw tears in his eyes． "Yu will never realize what yur aplgy（道歉） has meant t me，Jimmy．" he said t me． "I hpe we can becme friends．"
We had lunch tgether that nn and we had the best talk I had ever had．Over the years at high schl，we were clse friends．
When I think back，I realize that，if I had nt aplgized，I wuld never have knwn what a lvely persn Christian was．
Aplgies can really change yur life，s never miss the chance t tell smebdy yu are srry．
（1）Frm the passage，we knw Christian was a by．
A．tall and fat
B．shrt and shy
C．shrt and active
D．lvely and fat
（2）Jimmy didn't talk t Christian much at first because ．
A．he didn't think Christian was the type he wanted t becme friends with
B．Christian wasn't nice t peple arund him after he came t the new class
C．Christian made friends with thers
D．Christian had the saddest dg eyes
（3）Jimmy felt after he made fun f Christian with ther unkind kids．
A．happy
B．interested
C．srry
D．bred
（4）Jimmy asked Christian t frgive him by ．
A．sending an e﹣mail
B．wearing a smile
C．eating supper tgether
D．writing a nte
（5）This article tells us that ．
A．we shuld make an aplgy when we hurt thers
B．Jimmy's aplgy was unimprtant t Christian
C．Christian wasn't lvely in fact
D．it is impssible t say srry t thers
2．（2025•东辽县一模） ①"I will think f it."It is easy t say this，but d yu knw what great things have cme frm thinking？Thugh we can nt see，r hear，r feel ur thughts，they are pwerful.
②Isaac Newtn was seated in his garden n a summer evening when he saw an apple fall frm a tree.He began t think，and tried t find ut why the apple fell.Then he discvered hw the earth，sun，mn，and stars are kept in their places.
③James Fergusn nce saw the inside f his father's watch，and he wndered，"Why shuld I nt make a watch？"This set him thinking and it led t a wden clck which kept gd time.
④Walt Disney，the famus American film﹣maker，was ften thinking f new ideas.One day，when he was in a meeting，he suddenly stpped talking，deep in thught.He lked and lked at a place high up in the rm.This cntinued fr a lng time，and then he gt an idea fr a new cartn.
⑤Ideas cme at any time，and the imprtant thing is t think.When yu meet with any difficulty，dn't lse heart.Try t think f it befre asking smene t help yu.Think and by thinking yu will learn hw t think creatively.
（1）Isaac Newtn wanted t find ut .
A.wh made the apple fall
B.where the apple fell
C.when the apple hit him
D.why the apple fell
（2）Walt Disney was when he gt an idea fr a new cartn.
A.telling a stry
B.having a meeting
C.making a film
D.sitting in a garden
（3）Which wrd can best describe the three peple accrding t the passage？
A.Lucky.
B.Funny.
C.Helpful.
D.Creative.
（4）What is the structure（结构） f the passage？
（①＝Paragraph 1，②＝Paragraph 2，…）
A.
B.
C.
D.
（5）Frm the passage we can learn that .
A.it is easy t see and hear ur thughts
B.every ne f us likes thinking
C.we shuld always ask thers fr help
D.thinking helps t get new ideas
3．（2024•十堰一模） Have yu ever wanted t grw sme vegetables at hme by yurself？Spinach （菠菜） is a great chice.It grws easily thrughut the year and it has many health benefits.
When shuld yu plant spinach？
Spinach can survive （存活） temperatures as lw as —7 degrees Celsius （摄氏度），but that's nt gd fr its grwth.Spinach seeds sprut （发芽） best in sil temperatures between 7 and 24 degrees Celsius.Once the seeds have spruted，the vegetable grws best in daytime temperatures between 15 and 27 degrees Celsius.Temperatures abve 29 degrees Celsius can influence its taste，making it bitter.
Where shuld yu grw spinach？
Pt size：A 15﹣ t 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt wuld be the best.Depending n yur space，it can be as wide as yu want.
Make sure yur pt has a hle at the bttm.
Sil：Fr grwing spinach in pts，use a mix rich in rganic matter （有机物）.Make sure it wn't get waterlgged （浸透水的） easily.
Spacing：Give each spinach plant seven centimeters f space.If yu want t harvest （收获） large leaves，give each plant a little mre space.
Psitin：If yu are grwing spinach in the fall and winter，keep the plants in a sunny place.Make sure they receive at least fur hurs f direct sunlight every day.Fr spring and summer planting，place yur plants in a psitin that receives sme shade （阴凉），especially in the afternn.
Hw shuld yu take care f yur spinach？
Watering：Keep the sil mist （湿润的） but nt wet.Waterlgging will lead t rt （腐烂）.Avid watering the leaves.
Fertilizing （施肥）：T grw healthy spinach，yu need t prvide nitrgen （氮素）.Use a slw﹣ drp fertilizer.It will prvide nitrgen and ther nutrients （养分） slwly.
When can yu harvest？
Spinach grws quickly.Yu can harvest when the plant has frmed at least five healthy leaves （7～10 centimeters in length），usually within ne mnth after it spruts.
（1）Hw many pieces f advice did the writer give us n grwing spinach？
A.Three.
B.Fur.
C.Five.
D.Six.
（2）What temperature is the mst suitable fr grwing spinach？
A.7 t 24 degrees Celsius at night.
B.15 t 27 degrees Celsius at night.
C.7 t 24 degrees Celsius during the daytime.
D.15 t 27 degrees Celsius during the daytime.
（3）Which pt wuld be the best ne fr yur spinach？
A.A 7﹣ t 10﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt withut any hles in the bttm.
B.A 10﹣ t 15﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt with sme hles in the bttm.
C.A 15﹣ t 24﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt withut any hles in the bttm.
D.A 15﹣ t 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt with a hle in the bttm.
（4）What's the crrect rder f grwing spinach？
①keep the sil mist and prvide nutrients slwly
②prepare spinach seeds，a prper size f pt and rich sil
③harvest the spinach when they have five healthy leaves
④plant sme spinach seeds in a pt with certain space
⑤give them prper sunlight and wait fr them t sprut
A.②④⑤①③
B.②④①⑤③
C.④②⑤①③
D.④①②⑤③
（5）What's the passage mainly abut？
A.Hw t grw spinach.
B.When t plant spinach.
C.When t harvest spinach.
D.Hw t take care f the spinach.
4．（2024•济南模拟）The fllwing are sme tips fr becming a successful businessman by Michael Blmberg．They are based n his experience f building a cmpany frm the grund up，leading New Yrk City as mayr（市长），and s n．
Take Risks
Life is t shrt t spend yur time aviding failure．
In 1981，at the age f 39，I lst my jb．The next day I tk a big risk and began my wn cmpany．In 2001，when I was debating whether t run fr mayr，mst peple advised me nt t d it．But ne persn said，"If yu can imagine yurself giving a cncessin（败选）speech，then why nt g fr it？"That was the best advice I received，and I fllwed it．
In rder t succeed，yu must first be willing t fail﹣and yu must have the curage t g fr it anyway．
Make yur wn luck
Luck plays a part in success．The harder yu wrk，the luckier yu get．
Whatever yu chse t d，even if it's nt the jb f yur dreams，always wrk hard at it．Be the first persn at wrk in the mrning and the last t leave at night．Hard wrk creates chances．
Never stp learning
The mst pwerful wrd in English language is"why"．There is nthing s pwerful
as an pen，inquiring mind（探究精神）．Whatever field yu chse fr starting a business﹣be a lifelng student．
Give back
Yu are respnsible fr yur success and failure，but yu nly succeed if yu share the reward with thers．
My first dnatin was a 5 check t my alma mater （母校）．And while the checks（支票）may be bigger tday，they cme with the same spirit．
Yu dn't have t be wealthy t give back．Yu can give back by giving yur time and talents．
（1）In this passage，Michael Blmberg is the name f a ．
A．newspaper
B．place
C．cmpany
D．persn
（2）What did the writer d at the age f 59？
A．Lst his jb．
B．Ran fr mayr．
C．Built a cmpany．
D．Became a teacher．
（3）Frm the passage，we can infer that the writer．
A．is a yung mayr
B．seldm cares abut thers
C．is lucky all the time
D．is a hard﹣wrking man
（4）Which f the fllwing isn't mentined in the tips？
A．Failure is the mther f success．
B．It's never t ld t learn．
C．Mney is everything．
D．Luck cmes frm hard wrk．
（5）In which f the fllwing clumns（栏目）can yu find the article？
A．Family Life
B．Interesting Stries
C．Experience Sharing
D．Adventures．
5．（2024•江阴市校级模拟）
（1）The pictures abve are .
A．a news reprt
B．a cmic strip
C．a pster
D．a ntice
（2）In pictures 3，the mnks mst prbably talk abut .
A．wh t carry water
B．hw t put ut the fire
C．wh t harvest crps
D．hw t climb up the hill
（3）What can we learn frm the pictures？
A．It never rains but it purs.
B．Out f sight，ut f mind.
C．All fr ne and ne fr all.
D．Many hands make light wrk.
6．（2024•广水市模拟）A number f years ag，a man went t visit a circus（马戏团） in New Yrk.He was able t walk arund lking at the lins，mnkeys，bears and ther circus animals.As he was passing the elephants，he suddenly stpped.He fund that these huge elephants were being held by nly a small rpe tied t their frnt leg.NO chains，n cages.It was clear that the elephants culd，at any time，break away frm their rpes but fr sme reasn，they did nt.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just std there and didn't try t get away. "Well，" the trainer said， "when they are very yung and much smaller，we use the same size rpe t tie them and，at that age，it's enugh t hld them.As they grw up，they still believe they cannt break away.They believe the rpe can hld them，s they never try t break free."
"Hw culd it be？" said the man.These animals culd at any time break free frm rpes.But because they were always stuck right where they were，they believed they culdn't.
Just like the pr elephants，hw many f us g thrugh life believing that we cannt d smething，just because we failed at it nce befre？
Failing is part f learning.
（1）Where were the animals kept？
A．In the circus.
B．In the z.
C．In the frest.
D．In the park.
（2）What des the underlined phrase "break away" mean？
A．击败.
B．打破.
C．挣脱.
D．折断.
（3）Hw were the elephants held？
A．By a strng rpe.
B．In cages.
C．With chains.
D．By a small rpe.
（4）Which f the fllwing is NOT true？
A．The elephants were held in this way when they were yung.
B．There were many kinds f animals in the circus.
C．The animals were trained t perfrm.
D．The elephants ften escaped.
（5）What can we learn frm the passage？
A．Well begun is half dne.
B．The early bird catches the wrm.
C．We shuld never give up.
D．One tree can't make a frest.
7．（2024•官渡区校级模拟）A famus teacher was speaking t the students at ur schl．He began his lessn by hlding up a ¥100 bill．Then he said t the three hundred students， "Wh wuld like this ¥100 bill？" The students began t put up their hands at nce．
Then he said， "I am ging t give this ¥100 t ne f yu，but first，let me d this．" He then made the bill int a ball．Then he said， "Wh wants it nw？" The hands went back int the air．
"Well，" he said， "What if I d this？" and he drpped it n the flr and stepped n it．He picked up the dirty，crumpled bill and said， "Wh still wants it？" Hands went back int the air．
"My friends，" he said， "yu have learned a valuable lessn tday．N matter （无论） what I did t the mney，yu still wanted it because it did nt g dwn in value （价值）．It was still wrth ¥100!"
Many times in ur lives，we are drpped，crumpled，and stepped n by the chances we take and the things that happen t us．We feel as if we are wrth nthing．But remember，n matter what has happened t yu，yu will never lse yur value：yu are always valuable t thse peple wh lve yu．Yur value desn't cme frm what yu d r whm yu knw，but WHO YOU ARE．
Yu are special and valuable．Dn't ever frget it!
（1）Even thugh it was dirty，the mney ．
A．still went up in value
B．was wrth nthing
C．didn't g dwn in value
D．was still urs
（2）We are always valuable t the peple ．
A．wh pay us
B．wh call us
C．wh hate us
D．wh lve us
（3）Yur value desn't cme frm what yu d but ．
A．wh yu knw
B．wh made yu
C．wh yu remember
D．wh yu are
（4）The sentence "Hands went back int the air" means " "．
A．the students put up their hands again
B．the students put dwn their hands
C．the students put their hands behind their backs again
D．the students put their hands in frnt f them
（5）Why did the famus teacher use a ¥100 bill at his lessn？
A．Because he wanted t make the bill int a ball．
B．Because he used t drp a bill n the flr and stepped n it．
C．Because he was ging t give the bill t ne f his students．
D．Because he wanted t make the students knw what value was．
8．（2024•东安县模拟）A girl was wrking as a nurse in a private hspital．One day，a patient with serius disease was brught t the hspital ，but had t be transferred （转移） t anther hspital at nce fr an peratin（ 手术）．Hwever，the directr f the hspital said the patient culdn't be transferred unless he paid his bill first．The patient's family was very pr．They had n chice but t ask if they culd pay the bill after the peratin because the patient was clse t death．But their request was refused．
The nurse，wh had just arrived t wrk，heard abut the situatin and made a decisin．She tk ff her gld ring，tk it t the cashier's desk（收银台） and said she wuld use it t pay fr the patient's bill．Althugh the ring was the nly piece f valuable gift her parents gave her，the nurse gave it away t save the patient．Thanks t her help，the patient was at nce transferred t anther hspital and his life was saved．Thugh the patient was a stranger，the nurse gave s much t him．
The nurse's actin caught the attentin f the dctr n duty that day．The dctr saw everything in the hspital and he was deeply mved by the nurse．He later fell in lve with the nurse and they finally gt married．The patient attended their wedding （婚礼） as well and returned the ring．
Things like this happen every day in ur life．Smetimes，giving can bring yu smething that yu have never expected befre．As Mther Teresa nce said，"In ur life，it is nt hw much yu d，but hw much lve yu put int what yu d．"
（1）Why did the patient have t be transferred t anther hspital？
A．The patient's disease was nt serius enugh．
B．The patient needed an peratin at nce．
C．The patient's family was very pr．
D．The directr f the hspital was t strict．
（2）Wh paid fr the patient's bill when his family's request was refused？
A．The patient．
B．The directr．
C．The nurse．
D．The dctr．
（3）Which f the fllwing statements is nt true accrding t the passage？
A．The directr refused the request frm the patient's family．
B．The patient was saved in the end with the nurse's help．
C．The directr married the girl because f her actin．
D．Smetimes，giving can bring smething unexpected t yu．
（4）What d yu think f the girl in the passage？
A．Kind and helpful．
B．Hard﹣wrking and brave．
C．Clever and active．
D．Outging and careful．
9．（2024•淄博模拟）One mrning a by went hme with his father．They nticed a pair f ld shes by the radside．They thught the shes might be a pr man's．In fact，the wner f the shes was wrking in the field nearby，and he had nearly finished his wrk．
The by said t his father，"Let's play a trick n the man﹣we hide his shes，and wait t see what he will d when he can't find them．"
"My by，we shuld never have fun by tricking ther peple like that，"answered his father．"Instead，let's put a cin in each f the shes，and watch he will d．"
The by did s，and then they hid nearby．
The man sn back t get h is shes，but when he put his ft int ne f his shes，he felt smething in it．He bent（弯曲）dwn and fund the cin．
Surprise appeared n his face．He lked at the cin fr a minute，and then lked arund，but nbdy culd be seen．He then went n t put n the ther she，but he was even mre surprised t find the secnd cin．
He then went dwn n his knees，lked up t the sky and said thanks alud．He said his wife was ill and his children were hungry．He wanted t buy sme bread fr them．
The by was deeply mved．
"Nw，"said his father，"yu must be much mre pleased than if yu had played yur trick．"
The by replied，"Yu have taught me a lessn which I'll never frget．Nw I understand these wrds，which I didn't understand befre：It is mre blessed（神圣的）t give than t receive．"
（1）Hw did the by want t deal with the shes at first？
A．T hide the shes．
B．T steal the shes．
C．T put cins in the shes．
D．T return the shes．
（2）Hw many cins did the man find？
A．One．
B．Tw．
C．Three．
D．Fur．
（3）What wuld the man d after he gt the cins？He wuld ．
A．give them t his wife
B．buy a pair f new shes
C．give them back t the by
D．buy sme bread fr his family
（4）At last，the by knew ．
A．it was funny t play tricks
B．it was gd t help each ther
C．it was better t give than t receive
D．it was wrng t put cins in the shes．
10．（2023•上杭县一模）One day a man fund a ccn（茧） f a butterfly in the frest.He sat there fr several hurs and watched the butterfly.Suddenly a small pening appeared，and the butterfly made its great effrt t frce its bdy thrugh that little hle.Then it seemed t stp making any prgress.It appeared as if it had gtten as far as it culd and it culd g n further.
S the man decided t help the butterfly.He cut ff the remaining bit f the ccn s that the butterfly culd cme ut easily.But t his surprise，the butterfly gt a heavy bdy and very small wings when it came ut f the ccn.
The man cntinued t watch the butterfly because he expected that the bdy wuld grw smaller at any mment and the wings wuld becme larger and be able t fly.But neither happened!In fact，the butterfly spent the rest f its life crawling（爬行） arund with a heavy bdy and small wings.It was never able t fly.
The man was in his kindness，but he did nt understand the nature rules.Befre the butterfly came ut f the ccn，fluid（液体） frm its bdy must be frced int its wings，and then it wuld be ready fr flying.It must have a hard struggle（拼搏） t get thrugh the small pening t get its freedm frm the ccn.
Smetimes struggles are exactly what we need in ur life，if Gd allwed us t g thrugh ur life withut any difficulties，it wuld make us fail.We wuld nt be as strng as we culd have been；we culd never fly.
（1）What was the butterfly ding at the beginning f the stry？
A．It was trying t make a ccn fr itself.
B．It was struggling t get ut f its ccn.
C．It was flying amng the trees in the frest.
D．It was crawling arund quietly n the grund.
（2）The man cut ff the remaining bit f the ccn .
A．t take the butterfly hme
B．t help the butterfly cme ut easily
C．t kill the butterfly
D．t stp the butterfly frm grwing bigger
（3）What d yu think f the man？
A．patient but cruel.
B．careful and wise.
C．kind but unwise.
D．brave and funny.
（4）What des the last paragraph tell us？
A．Struggles are smetimes necessary in ur life.
B．Nthing is difficult if we put ur heart int it.
C．Every gd deed will cme back with a gd result.
D．The greatest happiness in the wrld is t help thers.
（5）What is the best title fr the stry？
A．The Lve fr the Ccn.
B．The Jy f Helping Each Other.
C．The Lessn f the Ccn.
D．The Expectatin fr the Butterfly.
11．（2023•泰兴市模拟）It was ne 'clck in the mrning when I at last succeeded in creating life．
As I lked at the lifeless human being，I saw ne eye slwly pen．Then he began t breathe and mve his arms．At first，I thught he wuld be a fine﹣lking man．He had yellw skin，black hair and very white teeth．Unluckily，his eyes were watery，and his lips were thin and clrless．I sn realized that there was nthing beautiful abut him．I ran ut f the rm，disgusted （恶心） by the creature I had created．I tried t sleep，but fr hurs I culd nt．Then，when I did get t sleep，I had bad dreams．When I awke the next mrning，I did nt want t return t my labratry and the mnster I had created．I went fr a lng walk until I came t an inn．There，t my pleasure and surprise，I fund my friend，Henry Clerval． "Tell me abut my family，" I asked him． "And Elizabeth，Hw is she？"
"They are all well，Frankenstein，" he said． "But yu d nt lk well，my friend．Yur eyes lk as if yu have nt slept fr many weeks．"
I knew this was true． "I have been s busy，" I explained， "that I have been wrking withut rest．" Henry walked back with me t my department．I did nt want him t，but I culd nt stp him．I was afraid that the creature i had left there might be alive and walking abut．When we reached my apartment，I asked Henry t wait utside fr a few minutes．I did nt explain why．I slwly pened the dr and entered the rm．T my surprise，it was empty．The creature had gne．I was s vercme by the feeling that I fainted．I was ill fr many mnths．
During my illness，Henry was my nly nurse．He heard me talking in my sleep abut a mnster．At first，he thught i was just having a bad dream，but then he realized that smething very bad happened in my life．At last，I began t get better．
（1）What is this passage prbably taken frm？
A．A news reprt．
B．A science fictin．
C．A travel guide．
D．a histry bk．
（2）What's the main idea f the first paragraph？
A．The birth f the creature．
B．The persnalities f the creature．
C．The happy feeling f creating life．
D．The spirit f the creature．
（3）What des the underlined wrd "fainted" in Paragraph 4 prbably mean？
A．brke dwn
B．cheered
C．lst senses
D．went wrng
12．（2018•南充）One day，while I was waiting fr my father，I saw a little by，arund tw years ld，running freely n the grass as his mther watched frm a shrt distance．The by had a big smile n his face as if he had just been set free frm sme srt f prisn（监狱）．The by wuld then fall t the grass，get up，withut lking back at his mther，run as fast as he culd，again，still with a smile n his face，as if nthing had happened．
At that mment，I thught t myself， "Why aren't mst adults this way？ " Mst adults，when they fall dwn，make a big deal ut f it and dn't even make a secnd attempt．They wuld be s embarrassed that they wuld nt try again if smene saw them fall．Or，because they fall，they wuld find a gd excuse fr themselves that they're nt fit fr it．They wuld end up being t afraid t attempt again fr fear f failure（失败）．
Hwever，with kids，when they fall dwn，they dn't cnsider their falling dwn as a failure，instead，they treat it as a learning experience．They try again and again until they succeed．The answer must be that they have nt cnnected "falling dwn" with the wrd "failure"．What's mre，they prbably think t themselves that it's quite kay t fall dwn and that it's nt wrng t d s．In ther wrds，they allw themselves t make mistakes，s they remain energetic．
I was deeply impressed by the by' s persistence（坚持不懈） and the manner in which he did．
（1）What did the little by d when he fell dwn？
A．He cried and lay n the grass．
B．He asked his mther fr help．
C．He gt up and went n running．
D．He gt up and std there crying．
（2）In the writer's pinin，what might the little by regard his falling dwn as？
A．A failure．
B．A jke．
C．An interesting game．
D．A learning experience．
（3）In the writer's pinin，why can't many adults succeed？
A．Because they are afraid f being embarrassed．
B．Because they can't find a gd excuse．
C．Because nce they fail，they wn't attempt again．
D．Because they dn't allw themselves t make mistakes．
（4）The underlined wrd "attempt" in Paragraph 2 means
A．尝试
B．放弃
C．面对
D．怀疑
（5）What des the writer want t tell us？
A．Practice makes perfect．
B．Failure is the mther f success．
C．All rads lead t Rme．
D．Each cin has tw sides．
13．（2023•仁和区二模）Happiness is imprtant fr everyne．Mst peple want t be happy，but few knw hw t find happiness．Here is a stry t help yu．
Once a bird lived unhappily．S it traveled far away t lk fr its happiness．
It flew and flew．Suddenly it saw a spider climbing up a wall．The spider fell ff the wall halfway．But it kept climbing again and fell ff again．Even s，the spider didn't give up．The little bird asked the spider in surprise． "Why dn't yu have pain but happiness n yur face thugh yu fail again and again？"
"Because I keep making my effrts．I'm happy．" said the spider．
Then the little bird saw it happiness is a will in the heart．
The bird cntinued flying and saw a lame duck help a little duck wh gt lst t find the way back hme．Althugh it was disabled，it had a smiling face．
"I'm happy because I can help thers．" said the lame duck．
S the bird saw it happiness is a lve in the heart．
The bird went n flying and suddenly saw a little dying flwer，whse face was full f smile．The bird didn't knw the reasn．S it asked the little flwer， "Yu're ging t die．Why are yu still s happy？"
"Because my dream will cme true，" said the little flwer．
"What is yur dream？"
"T prduce sweet fruit．"
The little bird saw it：happiness is a hpe in the heart．
S the little bird n mre lked fr happiness because it had seen the true happiness is nt in the faraway place but in yur wn heart．Yu are the maker f yur wn happiness．
（1）Wh never gave up thugh it failed again and again in this passage？
A．The bird．
B．The spider．
C．The flwer．
D．The duck．
（2）Why is the little dying flwer still s happy？
A．Because it ften helps thers．
B．Because it'll prduce sur fruit．
C．Because it has a hpe in the heart．
D．Because it keeps climbing up a wall．
（3）What can we knw frm the stry？
A．The bird fund happiness in its wn heart．
B．The bird fund happiness in the faraway place．
C．The bird didn't knw where happiness was at last．
D．The lame duck wasn't happy because it had t help thers．
（4）Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t the passage？
A．Happiness is imprtant fr everyne．
B．Many peple knw hw t find happiness．
C．We make happiness by urselves．
D．The way t happiness is t have a dream，t help thers and nt t give up．
（5）The passage is mainly abut ．
A．will
B．hpe
C．lve
D．happiness
14．（2023•兴庆区校级二模）As teenagers（青少年），yu have many dreams．The dreams can be very big，such as winning the Nbel Prize，r they can be small．Yu may just want t becme ne f the ten best students in yur class．
Once yu find a dream，what d yu d with it？D yu ever try t make yur dream real？
"Fllw Yur Heart" by Australian writer Andrew Mathews tells us that making ur dreams real is life's biggest challenge．
Yu may think yu're nt very gd at sme schl subjects，r that it is impssible fr yu t becme a writer．These kinds f thughts stp yu frm getting yur dream，the bk says．
In fact，everyne can make his dream cme true．The first thing yu must d is t remember what yu dream is．
Dn't let it leave yur heart．Keep telling yurself what yu want．D this step by step （逐步地）and yur dream will cme true faster because a big dream is，in fact，many small dreams．
Yu must als never give up yur dream．There will be difficulties n the rad t yur dreams．But the biggest difficulty cmes frm yurself．Yu need t decide what is the mst imprtant．Studying instead f watching TV will lead t （导致） better exam results，while saving five yuan instead f buying an ice cream means yu can buy a new bk．As yu get clser t yur dream，it may change a little．This is gd as yu have the chance t learn mre skills and find new interests．
（1）The writer thinks that ．
A．dreams are easy t be realized
B．just a few peple can realize their dreams
C．a big dream is frmed by many small dreams
D．small dreams are nt imprtant
（2）The underlined wrd "it" in the fifth paragraph refers t（指） ．
A．the subject
B．the bk
C．the difficulty
D．the dream
（3）Which f the fllwing thughts stps yu frm making yur dream real？
A．I am nt a gd English learner．
B．I want t be the best student in my class．
B．I'll d my best t pass the exam
D．I will d everything t d the jb well．
（4）Accrding t the passage，which f the fllwing statements is crrect？
A．If it is a difficult t realize yur dream，yu may give up．
B．Yu must remember yur dream is．
C．Yur dream will never help yu learn mre skills．
D．On the rad t yur dream，the largest difficulty desn't cme frm yurself．
15．（2023•德惠市二模）My 10﹣year﹣ld Dnna said，"Mm，I made a new friend at schl tday．Can she cme ver tmrrw？"Dnna was a shy girl and I wanted her t make sme friends t bring her ut f her shell．
"Sure，hney，that sunds great．"I said，thinking back t my wn best friend，Lillian．We lived acrss the street frm each ther in Washingtn Heights，New Yrk．We met at the age f 10，t．Like my daughter，I was shy，but Lillian drew me ut．She was ne f the friendliest peple in schl，with shiny black hair and a mile﹣wide smile．
In senir high schl，Lillian went n a trip t Flrida．This was the first time we had t be away frm each ther fr a few days．"I'll be back sn．"she tld me．But three days later，Lillian's sister tld me that she had fallen int a river and hadn't cme ut any mre．Sn，my family mved t New Jersey．Whenever I thught f her，tears came int my eyes．
The next day Dnna brught her new friend hme．"Hi，Mrs．Lggia．"the little girl said．Her hair was s shiny and black and she sht me a big smile．"My name is Laura．"
My daughter's new friend was s much like Lillian．I was still puzzled （迷惑） when Laura's mm came t pick her up later that afternn．I pened the dr t let her in．"Judy!"she cried．"It's me，Lillian's sister，frm Washingtn Heights．"Yes，my daughter's friend lked familiar．She was Lillian's niece．
（1）The underlined wrds in the first paragraph"t bring her ut f her shell"mean ．
A．t help her becme less shy
B．t help her becme smart
C．t help her live happily
D．t help her walk ut f her huse
（2）Laura lked familiar t the writer because she ．
A．was her daughter's friend
B．was as ld as her daughter
C．was frm Washingtn Heights
D．had shiny black hair and a big smile，t
（3）Why did the writer lse her best friend？Because ．
A．she mved t New Jersey
B．they were different frm each ther
C．her best friend travelled t Flrida
D．her best friend lst her life n a trip
（4）The sentence"I knew we wuld be best friends frever．"frm the passage is prbably put at the end f ．
A．Paragraph 2
B．Paragraph 3
C．Paragraph 4
D．Paragraph 5
（5）We can infer （推断） frm the passage that ．
A．Laura is utging
B．Laura helps Dnna a lt
C．Laura and Dnna are f the same age
D．Judy mved t New Jersey because f Lillian's death．
16．（2023•文登区一模）Gregg's dream was t travel arund the Americas（美洲）．He gt the idea after he finished a lng bike ride．Gregg's friend，Brks，als liked riding a bike．The tw friends talked and made a plan，they wuld travel frm Alaska t Argentina by bike．
T pay fr the trip，Gregg and Brks wrked t save mney fr a lng time．When they were n the rad，they ften camped utdrs and ate cheaply．In many places，lcal peple pened their drs t the tw friends and gave them fd．
On their way，there were deserts，rainfrests and muntains．They visited mdern cities and ancient ruins．And they made many friends frm all ver the wrld．
Tw years later，Gregg finally reached Ushuaia，Argentina in May 2007．（Near Guatemala，Brks had t g back and Gregg cntinued withut him．）
They bth learned a lt abut traveling．Here are sme f Gregg's suggestins．
Travel light．Yu shuldn't carry many things with yu．
Be flexible（灵活的）．Dn't plan everything．Then yu'll be mre relaxed and pleased．
Be plite．One traveler tld Gregg，"Nbdy wants t cheat a nice man．"It's true．
Judge the fllwing sentences true （T）r false （F） accrding t the passage
（1）Befre the trip，they had a lt f mney．
（2）All f their fd came frm lcal peple．
（3）They began t travel t the Americas in 2005．
（4）Bth f them reached Ushuaia，Argentina．
（5）A nice man wn't be cheated．
17．（2023•内黄县二模）Mst peple want t be happy，but few knw hw t find happiness．Mney and success alne d nt bring lasting happiness．Happiness depends n urselves．In ther wrds，we make ur wn happiness．
Here are a few suggestins t help yu be happier．
The first secret f happiness is t enjy the simple things in life．T ften，we spend s much time thinking abut the future﹣﹣fr example，getting int cllege r getting a gd jb that we fail t enjy the present（现在）．Yu shuld enjy life's simple pleasures，such as reading a gd bk，listening t yur favrite music，r spending time with clse friends．Peple wh have several clse friends ften live happier and healthier lives．
Anther secret f living a happy life is t be active，and hbbies make yu frget yur prblems and time．Many peple experience this by dancing，swimming r playing a sprt．Yu can frget abut yur prblems，and nly think abut the activity．
Finally，many peple find happiness in helping thers．Studies shw that peple feel gd when they spend their time helping thers．If yu want t feel happier，d gd things fr smene．Yu can help a friend with his r her studies，g shpping t buy fd fr an elderly persn，r simply help ut arund the huse by washing the dishes．
（1）The passage gives us three pieces f advice n ．
A．hw t slve prblem
B．hw t find happiness
C．hw t enjy life
D．hw t succeed
（2）The third paragraph tells us that ．
A．the mre friends yu have，the happier yu will be
B．we shuldn't think abut ur future
C．happiness is t enjy the simple things in life
D．sme peple fail t help thers
（3）The writer thinks that ．
A．it's wrng t spend time n wrk
B．everyne knws hw t live a happier life
C．hbbies take up t much time
D．ding gd things fr smene can make yu happier
（4）Which f the fllwing is nt mentined in the passage？
A．Reading a gd bk．
B．Traveling t a freign cuntry．
C．Playing a sprt．
D．Spending time with clse friends．
（5）The best title （标题） f this passage is ．
A．The Secrets f Happiness
B．Mney Makes Yu Happy
C．Helping Others Makes Yu Happy
D．Gd Friends Make Yu Happy．
18．（2023•庐阳区校级三模）Jhn and Bbby jined the same cmpany tgether just after they cmpleted their university studies the same year．Bth [them wrked very hard．Several years later，hwever，the bss prmted （提拔） Bbby t manager but Jhn was still a wrker．Jhn culd nt take it，and gave his resignatin （辞呈） t the bss．He cmplained that the bss did nt chink much f thse wh were hard wrking，but prmted nly thse wh flattered（奉承） him．
The bss knew that Jhn had wrked very hard fr the years．He thught a mment and said，"Thank yu fr what yu said，but I hpe yu will d ne mre thing fr ur cmpany befre yu leave．"
Jhn agreed．The bss asked him t g and find anyne selling watermelns in the market．Jhn went and returned sn．He said he had fund a man selling water melns．The bss asked hw much they cst every kilgram．Jhn shk his head and went back t the seller t ask and returned t tell the bss 1.2 every kilgram．The bss tld Jhn t wait a secnd，and he called Bbby t cme t his ffice．He asked Bbby t g and find any ne selling watermelns in the market．Bbby went and returned，saying，"Bss，nly ne persn is selling watermelns.1.2 every kilgram，and ＄10 fr 10 kilgrams．The seller has 340 melns．On the table there are 58 melns，and every radn weighs abut 2 kilgrams．They were brught frm the Suth tw days ag．They are f gd quality．"
Hearing hat Bbby said，Jhn realized the difference between himself and Bbby．He decided t stay and learn frm Bbby．
（1）Hw did Jhn feel when Bbby was prmted t manager？
A．Angry，
B．Nervus．
C．Unlucky．
D．Helpless．
（2）The bss gave Jhn a task because．
A．he wanted Jhn t d mre fr his cmpany
B．he wanted Jhn t learn mre abut himself
C．he wanted t punish Jhn fr what he said
D．he wanted t prve what Jhn said was right
（3）We can infer （推断） frm the passage that ．
A．Bbby was unselfish
B．Jhn was lazy
C．the seller was dishnest
D．the bss was wise
（4）What can we learn frm the passage？
A．The bss shuld treat all his wrkers in a fair way．
B．The bss shuld nt prmte ne wh flatters him．
C．One shuld nt nly wrk hard but als use his head．
D．One shuld try t get every detail f watermelns．
19．（2023•大庆三模）A passenger tld an air hstess that he needed a cup f water t take his medicine when the plane just tk ff．She tld him that she wuld bring him the water in ten minutes．
The air hstess was kept s busy that she frgt t give him the water．As a result，the passenger was held up（延误） t take his medicine．Thirty minutes later，when the passenger's ring fr service sunded，she hurried ver t him with a cup f water，but he refused．
In the fllwing hurs n the plane，each time the air hstess passed by the passenger，she wuld ask him with a smile whether he needed help r nt．But the passenger never answered a wrd．．
When he was ging t get ff the plane，the passenger asked the air hstess t hand him the passenger's bklet．She was very sad．She knew that he wuld write dwn sharp wrds，but with a smile she handed it t him．
Off the plane，she pened the bklet，and smiled，fr the passenger put it，"On the flight，yu asked me whether I needed help r nt fr twelve times in all．Hw can I refuse yu twelve sincere smiles？"
That's right!Wh can refuse twelve sincere smiles frm a persn？
（1）Ten minutes later，the passenger didn't get the water，because ．
A．the plane didn't take ff．
B．the air hstess was kept busy and frgt it．
C．it's nt allwed t take medicine during the flight．
D．there aren't enugh water n the plane．
（2）The underlined wrd"it"in Paragraph 4 refers t the ．
A．medicine
B．water
C．cup
D．bklet
（3）At the end f the stry，we knew the passenger was with the air hstess．
A．satisfied
B．unhappy
C．angry
D．bred．
20．（2024•宿迁模拟）As an ld Chinese saying ges，fd is what matters mst t peple．A Bite f China Seasn Tw，all abut the histry and culture f eating and cking in China，bradcast n CCTV﹣1 frm April 18 t June 6．Fd plays an imprtant rle in ur daily life．It is als ne f the mst imprtant parts f Chinese culture．Besides the rich fd culture in China，A Bite f China Seasn Tw als wants t shw the jys and sadnesses f rdinary Chinese in changing times thrugh fd．
The dcumentary makes viewers lng fr hme and the tastes f childhd．One Weib user wrte，"A Bite f China Seasn Tw makes me have s many wrds t say．It makes me think f my parents and grandmther．I remember my father taught me hw t fish when I was a kid．I haven't been hme fr a lng time，s I've decided t g back in a few days．"
The dcumentary uses fd as a windw t intrduce China t the wrld．Viewers can see hw Chinese peple lve life by lving fd．The new seasn is nt just an intrductin t fd．It als explres the relatinship between Chinese peple and their fd．Anyne wh wants t knw mre abut Chinese fd culture and Chinese sciety shuld have a bite f the prgramme．
（1）What type f TV prgramme is A Bite f China Seasn Tw？
A．A cartn．
B．A dcumentary．
C．A cmedy．
D．A chat shw
（2）When did the prgramme begin n CCTV﹣1？
A．April 6．
B．April 18．
C．June 6．
D．July 6．
（3）What's the main idea f the prgramme？
A．The develpment f Chinese histry．
B．An intrductin t Chinese culture．
C．The histry and culture f Chinese fd．
D．Feelings f rdinary Chinese．
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025•泸县一模）One Thursday afternn，when I was in Grade 9，a new by came int my classrm．He was shrt and thin．He walked up t the teacher and tld her，very seriusly，that he was new．His name was Christian．He sat dwn，tk a lk at me，and then lked away．I didn't think he was very nice and I was sure he wasn't the type I wuld like t becme friends with．
During that year，I didn't talk t him much，but he smiled at me when ur eyes met，always shyly．He never ate lunch with anybdy，and he never talked t anybdy but me．
But ne day I jined thse unkind kids wh were making fun f him．We made fun f him thugh I thught it was wrng．
"Haven't yu gt any friends？" a kid asked Christian，wh had walked past us alne，head dwn．
"N，he hasn't gt any friends．He's t stupid and shy，" I said．Then Christian lked up at me with the saddest dg eyes I had ever seen．I felt very srry at that mment．
That night，I culdn't sleep because I culdn't get Christian's face ut f my mind．In the weeks that fllwed，he never met my eyes in class and never smiled at me．It was really hard fr me t decide t write him a nte asking him t frgive（原谅） me．But I thught I shuld．
The next day in class，I wrte him a nte telling him hw srry I felt．Abut five minutes later，I turned and saw tears in his eyes． "Yu will never realize what yur aplgy（道歉） has meant t me，Jimmy．" he said t me． "I hpe we can becme friends．"
We had lunch tgether that nn and we had the best talk I had ever had．Over the years at high schl，we were clse friends．
When I think back，I realize that，if I had nt aplgized，I wuld never have knwn what a lvely persn Christian was．
Aplgies can really change yur life，s never miss the chance t tell smebdy yu are srry．
（1）Frm the passage，we knw Christian was a B by．
A．tall and fat
B．shrt and shy
C．shrt and active
D．lvely and fat
（2）Jimmy didn't talk t Christian much at first because A ．
A．he didn't think Christian was the type he wanted t becme friends with
B．Christian wasn't nice t peple arund him after he came t the new class
C．Christian made friends with thers
D．Christian had the saddest dg eyes
（3）Jimmy felt C after he made fun f Christian with ther unkind kids．
A．happy
B．interested
C．srry
D．bred
（4）Jimmy asked Christian t frgive him by D ．
A．sending an e﹣mail
B．wearing a smile
C．eating supper tgether
D．writing a nte
（5）This article tells us that A ．
A．we shuld make an aplgy when we hurt thers
B．Jimmy's aplgy was unimprtant t Christian
C．Christian wasn't lvely in fact
D．it is impssible t say srry t thers
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述了Jimmy九年级时候的一件事，最初跟班上新来的同学Christian关系很一般，后来偶然的一次机会Jimmy跟其他同学嘲笑了Christian，导致两人关系一度糟糕到极点．最终Jimmy通过纸条向Christian道歉，两人成为了最要好的朋友．最后揭示文章主旨：道歉真的可以改变你的生活，所以不要错过任何向别人道歉的机会．
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题，根据文中A new by came int my classrm．He was shrt and thin，but he smiled at me when ur eyes met，always shyly．可知Christian是一个瘦小的、性格内向的男孩，结合备选B．shrt and shy矮小害羞的，符合文意，故选：B．
（2）A．细节理解题，根据I didn't think he was very nice and I was sure he wasn't the type I wuld like t becme friends with．可知作者Jimmy最初不愿意跟Christian说太多话，是因为Jimmy确定Christian不是他想交朋友的那种人，结合备选A．he didn't think Christian was the type he wanted t becme friends with，他认为Christian不是他想交朋友的那种人，符合文意，故选：A．
（3）C．细节理解题，根据 Then Christian lked up at me with the saddest dg eyes I had ever seen．I felt very srry at that mment．可知Jimmy和其他学生一起嘲笑了Christian后，感到非常抱歉，结合备选C．srry遗憾、抱歉，符合文意，故选：C．
（4）D．细节理解题，根据The next day in class，I wrte him a nte telling him hw srry I felt．可知第二天我给Christian写了纸条道歉，结合备选D．writing a nte写纸条，符合文意，故选：D．
（5）A．理解概括题，根据文中Jimmy与Christian的事例，结合最后Aplgies can really change yur life，s never miss the chance t tell smebdy yu are srry．道歉可以真正改变您的生活，因此不要错过任何向别人道歉的机会，可推知本文主要是告诉我们生活中要学会为自己的错误道歉，结合备选A．we shuld make an aplgy when we hurt thers当我们伤害别人时，我们应该道歉，符合文意，故选：A．
【点评】阅读理解题主要考查学生的阅读能力及理解运用能力，先通读文章了解文章大意，然后带着问题精准的将答案落实到某一段落、语句；理解概括题考查对文章主题的理解和把握，需充分理解文章，结合备选选项得出正确答案，难度稍大．
2．（2025•东辽县一模） ①"I will think f it."It is easy t say this，but d yu knw what great things have cme frm thinking？Thugh we can nt see，r hear，r feel ur thughts，they are pwerful.
②Isaac Newtn was seated in his garden n a summer evening when he saw an apple fall frm a tree.He began t think，and tried t find ut why the apple fell.Then he discvered hw the earth，sun，mn，and stars are kept in their places.
③James Fergusn nce saw the inside f his father's watch，and he wndered，"Why shuld I nt make a watch？"This set him thinking and it led t a wden clck which kept gd time.
④Walt Disney，the famus American film﹣maker，was ften thinking f new ideas.One day，when he was in a meeting，he suddenly stpped talking，deep in thught.He lked and lked at a place high up in the rm.This cntinued fr a lng time，and then he gt an idea fr a new cartn.
⑤Ideas cme at any time，and the imprtant thing is t think.When yu meet with any difficulty，dn't lse heart.Try t think f it befre asking smene t help yu.Think and by thinking yu will learn hw t think creatively.
（1）Isaac Newtn wanted t find ut D .
A.wh made the apple fall
B.where the apple fell
C.when the apple hit him
D.why the apple fell
（2）Walt Disney was B when he gt an idea fr a new cartn.
A.telling a stry
B.having a meeting
C.making a film
D.sitting in a garden
（3）Which wrd can best describe the three peple accrding t the passage？ D
A.Lucky.
B.Funny.
C.Helpful.
D.Creative.
（4）What is the structure（结构） f the passage？ A
（①＝Paragraph 1，②＝Paragraph 2，…）
A.
B.
C.
D.
（5）Frm the passage we can learn that D .
A.it is easy t see and hear ur thughts
B.every ne f us likes thinking
C.we shuld always ask thers fr help
D.thinking helps t get new ideas
【考点】方法与哲理．
【答案】BBDAD
【分析】本文主要通过三个例子来给我们讲述了思考的重要作用。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段"He began t think，and tried t find ut why the apple fell."（他开始思考，试图找出苹果掉下来的原因。）可知，他试图找出苹果掉落的原因。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据4段"One day，when he was in a meeting，he suddenly stpped talking，deep in thught.He lked and lked at a place high up in the rm.This cntinued fr a lng time，and then he gt an idea fr a new cartn."（有一天，他正在开会，突然停止了说话，陷入沉思。他看了又看房间高处的一个地方。这种情况持续了很长一段时间，然后他想出了一个新漫画的主意。）可知他萌生制作一部新漫画的想法时，他在开会。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第5段"Think and by thinking yu will learn hw t think creatively."（思考，通过思考，你将学会如何创造性地思考。）以及这三个人的故事可知，他们都善于思考，都很有创造力。故选D。
（4）篇章结构题。第一段提出问题；第二三四段主要是举例来说明思考带来的收获；第五段总结思考的重要性，故选A。
（5）细节理解题。根据第5段"Ideas cme at any time，and the imprtant thing is t think."（想法随时都有，重要的是要思考。）可知思考可以帮助人们获得新想法。故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
3．（2024•十堰一模） Have yu ever wanted t grw sme vegetables at hme by yurself？Spinach （菠菜） is a great chice.It grws easily thrughut the year and it has many health benefits.
When shuld yu plant spinach？
Spinach can survive （存活） temperatures as lw as —7 degrees Celsius （摄氏度），but that's nt gd fr its grwth.Spinach seeds sprut （发芽） best in sil temperatures between 7 and 24 degrees Celsius.Once the seeds have spruted，the vegetable grws best in daytime temperatures between 15 and 27 degrees Celsius.Temperatures abve 29 degrees Celsius can influence its taste，making it bitter.
Where shuld yu grw spinach？
Pt size：A 15﹣ t 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt wuld be the best.Depending n yur space，it can be as wide as yu want.
Make sure yur pt has a hle at the bttm.
Sil：Fr grwing spinach in pts，use a mix rich in rganic matter （有机物）.Make sure it wn't get waterlgged （浸透水的） easily.
Spacing：Give each spinach plant seven centimeters f space.If yu want t harvest （收获） large leaves，give each plant a little mre space.
Psitin：If yu are grwing spinach in the fall and winter，keep the plants in a sunny place.Make sure they receive at least fur hurs f direct sunlight every day.Fr spring and summer planting，place yur plants in a psitin that receives sme shade （阴凉），especially in the afternn.
Hw shuld yu take care f yur spinach？
Watering：Keep the sil mist （湿润的） but nt wet.Waterlgging will lead t rt （腐烂）.Avid watering the leaves.
Fertilizing （施肥）：T grw healthy spinach，yu need t prvide nitrgen （氮素）.Use a slw﹣ drp fertilizer.It will prvide nitrgen and ther nutrients （养分） slwly.
When can yu harvest？
Spinach grws quickly.Yu can harvest when the plant has frmed at least five healthy leaves （7～10 centimeters in length），usually within ne mnth after it spruts.
（1）Hw many pieces f advice did the writer give us n grwing spinach？ B
A.Three.
B.Fur.
C.Five.
D.Six.
（2）What temperature is the mst suitable fr grwing spinach？ D
A.7 t 24 degrees Celsius at night.
B.15 t 27 degrees Celsius at night.
C.7 t 24 degrees Celsius during the daytime.
D.15 t 27 degrees Celsius during the daytime.
（3）Which pt wuld be the best ne fr yur spinach？ D
A.A 7﹣ t 10﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt withut any hles in the bttm.
B.A 10﹣ t 15﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt with sme hles in the bttm.
C.A 15﹣ t 24﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt withut any hles in the bttm.
D.A 15﹣ t 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt with a hle in the bttm.
（4）What's the crrect rder f grwing spinach？ A
①keep the sil mist and prvide nutrients slwly
②prepare spinach seeds，a prper size f pt and rich sil
③harvest the spinach when they have five healthy leaves
④plant sme spinach seeds in a pt with certain space
⑤give them prper sunlight and wait fr them t sprut
A.②④⑤①③
B.②④①⑤③
C.④②⑤①③
D.④①②⑤③
（5）What's the passage mainly abut？ A
A.Hw t grw spinach.
B.When t plant spinach.
C.When t harvest spinach.
D.Hw t take care f the spinach.
【考点】方法与哲理；动物/植物．
【答案】BDDAA
【分析】本文主要介绍了如何在家种植菠菜，包括种植时间、地点选择、土壤要求、水分和肥料管理以及收获时间。文中指出菠菜适合在7到24摄氏度的土壤温度下播种，最佳生长温度为15到27摄氏度，超过29度会影响口感。建议使用深15到20厘米的带孔盆栽，土壤应富含有机质且排水良好。每株植物需间隔7厘米，若想获得大叶则需更多空间。根据季节调整光照，保持土壤湿润但不积水，并使用缓释肥提供养分。通常在播种后一个月，植株长出至少五片健康叶子时即可收获。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据小标题"When shuld yu plant spinach？"（你应该什么时候种菠菜？），"Where shuld yu grw spinach？"（你应该在哪里种菠菜？），"Hw shuld yu take care f yur spinach？"（你应该如何照顾你的菠菜？），"When can yu harvest？"（你什么时候可以收获？）可知，作者给出了关于种植菠菜的四条建议。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段"the vegetable grws best in daytime temperatures between 15 and 27 degrees Celsius"（菠菜在白天15到27摄氏度的温度下生长最佳）可知，菠菜在白天15到27摄氏度的温度下生长最佳。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段"A 15﹣ t 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt wuld be the best.""Make sure yur pt has a hle at the bttm."（最适合种植菠菜的花盆是深度为15到20厘米。确保花盆底部有孔。）可知，最适合种植菠菜的花盆是深度为15到20厘米，底部有孔的花盆。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第五段Pt size：A 15﹣ t 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pt wuld be the best.（最适合种植菠菜的花盆是深度为15到20厘米。）和第七段Fr grwing spinach in pts，use a mix rich in rganic matter （有机物）.（盆栽菠菜时，使用富含有机物的混合物。）可知种植菠菜的正确顺序是先准备菠菜种子、合适大小的花盆和富含有机物的土壤。根据第八段Give each spinach plant seven centimeters f space.（给每株菠菜七厘米的空间。）可知在花盆中按一定间距种植菠菜种子。根据第九段If yu are grwing spinach in the fall and winter，keep the plants in a sunny place.（如果你在秋冬季节种植菠菜，请将植物放在阳光充足的地方。）可知要给它们适当的阳光并等待发芽。根据倒数第四段Keep the sil mist （湿润的） but nt wet.（保持土壤湿润而不是潮湿。）可知要保持土壤湿润并提供养分。根据最后一段Yu can harvest when the plant has frmed at least five healthy leaves（当植株长出至少五片健康的叶子时就可以收获了）可知当菠菜有五片健康的叶子时收获。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第一段Have yu ever wanted t grw sme vegetables at hme by yurself？Spinach （菠菜） is a great chice.（你想过自己在家种植蔬菜吗？菠菜是个不错的选择。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了如何在家种植菠菜的相关知识。故选A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．（2024•济南模拟）The fllwing are sme tips fr becming a successful businessman by Michael Blmberg．They are based n his experience f building a cmpany frm the grund up，leading New Yrk City as mayr（市长），and s n．
Take Risks
Life is t shrt t spend yur time aviding failure．
In 1981，at the age f 39，I lst my jb．The next day I tk a big risk and began my wn cmpany．In 2001，when I was debating whether t run fr mayr，mst peple advised me nt t d it．But ne persn said，"If yu can imagine yurself giving a cncessin（败选）speech，then why nt g fr it？"That was the best advice I received，and I fllwed it．
In rder t succeed，yu must first be willing t fail﹣and yu must have the curage t g fr it anyway．
Make yur wn luck
Luck plays a part in success．The harder yu wrk，the luckier yu get．
Whatever yu chse t d，even if it's nt the jb f yur dreams，always wrk hard at it．Be the first persn at wrk in the mrning and the last t leave at night．Hard wrk creates chances．
Never stp learning
The mst pwerful wrd in English language is"why"．There is nthing s pwerful
as an pen，inquiring mind（探究精神）．Whatever field yu chse fr starting a business﹣be a lifelng student．
Give back
Yu are respnsible fr yur success and failure，but yu nly succeed if yu share the reward with thers．
My first dnatin was a 5 check t my alma mater （母校）．And while the checks（支票）may be bigger tday，they cme with the same spirit．
Yu dn't have t be wealthy t give back．Yu can give back by giving yur time and talents．
（1）In this passage，Michael Blmberg is the name f a D ．
A．newspaper
B．place
C．cmpany
D．persn
（2）What did the writer d at the age f 59？ B
A．Lst his jb．
B．Ran fr mayr．
C．Built a cmpany．
D．Became a teacher．
（3）Frm the passage，we can infer that the writer． D
A．is a yung mayr
B．seldm cares abut thers
C．is lucky all the time
D．is a hard﹣wrking man
（4）Which f the fllwing isn't mentined in the tips？ C
A．Failure is the mther f success．
B．It's never t ld t learn．
C．Mney is everything．
D．Luck cmes frm hard wrk．
（5）In which f the fllwing clumns（栏目）can yu find the article？ C
A．Family Life
B．Interesting Stries
C．Experience Sharing
D．Adventures．
【考点】方法与哲理；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】全文大意：
这是迈克尔•布隆伯格对如何成为一个成功的企业家给出的建议．这些建议基于他从零建立一个企业，作为市长领导纽约市等方面的经验．
承担冒险
生命太短了，以至没时间回避风险．1981年我39岁时失去了工作．第二天我承担了巨大的风险创办了自己的公司．在2001年当我思量是否竞选市长时，大部分人建议我不要竞选．但是一个人说"如果你能想象自己做一个落选演讲，那为什么不去竞选？"那是我收到的最好的建议，然后就去做了．为了成功，你必须甘愿失败，无论如何你必须有勇气去争取．
创造自己的幸运
幸运是成功的一部分．你工作越努力，你就越幸运．不论你选择做什么，即使不是你梦想的工作，永远努力去做．成为早上第一个开始工作的人，晚上最后一个离开的人．努力工作创造机会．
永不停止学习
英语中最有力的单词是"为什么"．没有什么比开放的、求知若渴的思维更有力．不论你选择在哪个领域开创你的事业﹣﹣﹣﹣成为一名终身的学习者
回馈
你是对你的成功和失败负责的人，但你只有和他人分享报酬才能成功．我的第一笔慈善捐款是捐给我的母校一张5美元的支票．在支票金额也许会更大的今天，它们具有一样的精神．你不需要很富有才能给予．你可以用你的时间和天赋来回馈．
【解答】
（1）D 推理判断题 根据第一段The fllwing are sme tips fr becming a successful businessman by Michael Blmberg．They are based n his experience f building a cmpany frm the grund up，leading New Yrk City as mayr（市长），and s n"这是迈克尔•布隆伯格对如何成为一个成功的企业家给出如下建议．这些建议基于他从零建立一个企业，作为市长领导纽约市等方面的经验"可知迈克尔•布隆伯格曾建立过企业，当过市长故推知迈克尔•布隆伯格是个人的名字，故选D
（2）B 推理判断题 根据第四段In 1981，at the age f 39．可知1981年作者39岁，故推知作者2001年59岁，再结合该段中In 2001，when I was debating whether t run fr mayr mst peple advised me nt t d it．"在2001年当我思量是否竞选市长时，大部分人建议我不要．"可知在2001年作者竞选市长故选B
（3）D 推理判断题 根据第七段作者给出的建议 Be the first persn at wrk in the mrning and the last t leave at night．Hard wrk creates chances．"成为早上第一个开始工作的人，晚上最后一个离开的人．努力工作创造机会．"可推知作者也一定是一位工作努力的人．故选D
（4）C 推理判断题 根据第四段In rder t succeed，yu must first be willing t fail﹣and yu must have the curage t g fr it anyway"为了成功，你必须甘愿失败，无论如何你必须有勇气去争取．"可知作者提到失败是成功之母故排除A；根据Whatever field yu chse fr starting a business﹣be a lifelng student．"不论你选择在哪个领域开创你的事业﹣﹣﹣﹣成为一名终身的学习者"可知作者提到活到老学到老，故排除B；根据The harder yu wrk，the luckier yu get．"你工作越努力，你就越幸运"可知作者提到运气来自于努力的工作，故排除D，根据最后一段Yu dn't have t be wealthy t give back.Yu can give back by giving yur time and talents．"你不需要很富有才能给予．你可以用你的时间和天赋来回馈．"可知作者认为金钱并不是一切．结合C项的意思"金钱是一切"与原文不符，故判断作者在文中没有提到，故选C
（5）C 推理判断题 根据第一段The fllwing are sme tips fr becming a successful businessman by Michael Blmberg．They are based n his experience f building a cmpany frm the grund up，leading New Yrk City as mayr（市长），and s n．"这是迈克尔•布隆伯格对如何成为一个成功的企业家给出如下建议．这些建议基于他从零建立一个企业，作为市长领导纽约市等方面的经验．"可知迈克尔•布隆伯格给出建议都来自他建立企业，作为市长积累的经验，故推知可以在经验交流、分享栏目看到这篇文章，结合选项即Experience Sharing，故选C
【点评】在做阅读理解时首先快速阅读短文，通读测试题，明确考查点；认真逐题作答；复查校对答案．做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否有误．如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要随意更改．一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正．
5．（2024•江阴市校级模拟）
（1）The pictures abve are B .
A．a news reprt
B．a cmic strip
C．a pster
D．a ntice
（2）In pictures 3，the mnks mst prbably talk abut A .
A．wh t carry water
B．hw t put ut the fire
C．wh t harvest crps
D．hw t climb up the hill
（3）What can we learn frm the pictures？ D
A．It never rains but it purs.
B．Out f sight，ut f mind.
C．All fr ne and ne fr all.
D．Many hands make light wrk.
【考点】方法与哲理；应用文．
【答案】BAD
【分析】本文主要讲述了三个和尚挑水喝的故事。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据图片内容可知，讲述了三个和尚挑水喝的故事，因此是漫画书。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据图片3 Nne f the three mnks wants t carry water.（三个和尚都不想挑水。）可知，三人在讨论谁去挑水。故选A。
（3）主旨大意题。根据图片5 They wrk tgether t put ut the fire.（他们齐心协力灭了火。）可知，最后三人齐心协力扑灭了大火，说明了团队合作的重要性，即说明了"众人拾柴火焰高"的道理。故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
6．（2024•广水市模拟）A number f years ag，a man went t visit a circus（马戏团） in New Yrk.He was able t walk arund lking at the lins，mnkeys，bears and ther circus animals.As he was passing the elephants，he suddenly stpped.He fund that these huge elephants were being held by nly a small rpe tied t their frnt leg.NO chains，n cages.It was clear that the elephants culd，at any time，break away frm their rpes but fr sme reasn，they did nt.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just std there and didn't try t get away. "Well，" the trainer said， "when they are very yung and much smaller，we use the same size rpe t tie them and，at that age，it's enugh t hld them.As they grw up，they still believe they cannt break away.They believe the rpe can hld them，s they never try t break free."
"Hw culd it be？" said the man.These animals culd at any time break free frm rpes.But because they were always stuck right where they were，they believed they culdn't.
Just like the pr elephants，hw many f us g thrugh life believing that we cannt d smething，just because we failed at it nce befre？
Failing is part f learning.
（1）Where were the animals kept？ A
A．In the circus.
B．In the z.
C．In the frest.
D．In the park.
（2）What des the underlined phrase "break away" mean？ C
A．击败.
B．打破.
C．挣脱.
D．折断.
（3）Hw were the elephants held？ D
A．By a strng rpe.
B．In cages.
C．With chains.
D．By a small rpe.
（4）Which f the fllwing is NOT true？ D
A．The elephants were held in this way when they were yung.
B．There were many kinds f animals in the circus.
C．The animals were trained t perfrm.
D．The elephants ften escaped.
（5）What can we learn frm the passage？ C
A．Well begun is half dne.
B．The early bird catches the wrm.
C．We shuld never give up.
D．One tree can't make a frest.
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；推理判断；词句猜测．
【答案】ACDDC
【分析】文章讲了在马戏团看动物时，发现这些巨大的大象被一根绑在前腿上的小绳子拴住了，大象从不想着逃跑，原因是从小时候就这样拴着，大象以为永远也挣脱不开绳子，放弃了逃跑的想法，告诉人们即使失败过一次，也不要放弃。
【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据A number f years ag，a man went t visit a circus（马戏团） in New Yrk.He was able t walk arund lking at the lins，mnkeys，bears and ther circus animals.许多年前，一个人去参观纽约的一个马戏团。他可以四处走动，观察狮子、猴子、熊和其他马戏团动物。可知，动物们被关在马戏团里。故选A。
（2）C.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句句意"很明显，大象在任何时候都能绳子，但出于某种原因，它们没有。结合选项可以推断出"break away"在这里是"挣脱"的意思。故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据"Well，" the trainer said， "when they are very yung and much smaller，we use the same size rpe t tie them and，at that age，it's enugh t hld them."嗯，"训练员说，"当它们还很小的时候，我们用同样大小的绳子绑住它们，在那个年龄，这足够拴住它们。可知，他们用一根小绳子来拴住大象。故选D。
（4）D.细节理解题。根据They believe the rpe can hld them，s they never try t break free.它们相信那根绳子可以拴住他们，所以他们从不试图挣脱。可知，大象相信这条绳子能拴住自己，所以它们从不试图挣脱。所以D选项中的"大象经常从马戏团跑开"说法是错误。故选D。
（5）C.推理判断题。根据Just like the pr elephants，hw many f us g thrugh life believing that we cannt d smething，just because we failed at it nce befre？就像可怜的大象一样，我们中有多少人一生都认为自己做不到某件事，仅仅因为我们曾经失败过一次？可以推断出，作者通过讲述大象的故事来告诉我们不要因为曾经失败过就要放弃。故选C。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
7．（2024•官渡区校级模拟）A famus teacher was speaking t the students at ur schl．He began his lessn by hlding up a ¥100 bill．Then he said t the three hundred students， "Wh wuld like this ¥100 bill？" The students began t put up their hands at nce．
Then he said， "I am ging t give this ¥100 t ne f yu，but first，let me d this．" He then made the bill int a ball．Then he said， "Wh wants it nw？" The hands went back int the air．
"Well，" he said， "What if I d this？" and he drpped it n the flr and stepped n it．He picked up the dirty，crumpled bill and said， "Wh still wants it？" Hands went back int the air．
"My friends，" he said， "yu have learned a valuable lessn tday．N matter （无论） what I did t the mney，yu still wanted it because it did nt g dwn in value （价值）．It was still wrth ¥100!"
Many times in ur lives，we are drpped，crumpled，and stepped n by the chances we take and the things that happen t us．We feel as if we are wrth nthing．But remember，n matter what has happened t yu，yu will never lse yur value：yu are always valuable t thse peple wh lve yu．Yur value desn't cme frm what yu d r whm yu knw，but WHO YOU ARE．
Yu are special and valuable．Dn't ever frget it!
（1）Even thugh it was dirty，the mney C ．
A．still went up in value
B．was wrth nthing
C．didn't g dwn in value
D．was still urs
（2）We are always valuable t the peple D ．
A．wh pay us
B．wh call us
C．wh hate us
D．wh lve us
（3）Yur value desn't cme frm what yu d but D ．
A．wh yu knw
B．wh made yu
C．wh yu remember
D．wh yu are
（4）The sentence "Hands went back int the air" means " A "．
A．the students put up their hands again
B．the students put dwn their hands
C．the students put their hands behind their backs again
D．the students put their hands in frnt f them
（5）Why did the famus teacher use a ¥100 bill at his lessn？ D
A．Because he wanted t make the bill int a ball．
B．Because he used t drp a bill n the flr and stepped n it．
C．Because he was ging t give the bill t ne f his students．
D．Because he wanted t make the students knw what value was．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；主旨大意．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要介绍我们在生活中可能会发生一些事情，让我们觉得自己一文不值．但是，对于真正爱你的人来说，你总是有价值的．你的价值不是来自你所做的或你认识的人，而是你是谁．
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据第四段N matter （无论） what I did t the mney，yu still wanted it because it did nt g dwn in value （价值）．不管我对钱做了什么，你仍然想要它，因为它没有贬值．可知，即使钱是脏的．它也不会贬值．选C．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据倒数第三行yu are always valuable t thse peple wh lve yu你对那些爱你的人总是很有价值的．可知，我们对爱我们的人有价值．选D．
（3）D．细节理解题．根据到达第二行Yur value desn't cme frm what yu d r whm yu knw，but WHO YOU ARE．你的价值不是来自你所做的或你认识的人，而是你是谁．可知，选D．
（4）A．句意猜测题．根据第三段"Well，" he said， "What if I d this？" and he drpped it n the flr and stepped n it．He picked up the dirty，crumpled bill and said， "Wh still wants it？" Hands went back int the air．"好吧，"他说，"如果我这样做怎么办？"然后他把它扔在地上，踩在上面．他捡起脏兮兮的皱巴巴的钞票说："谁还想要它？"手又回到了空中．可知，意思是"学生们再次举起手来．"．选A．
（5）D．主旨大意题．根据最后一句Yu are special and valuable．Dn't ever frget it!你是特别的和有价值的，永远不要忘记它！及倒数第二段But remember，n matter what has happened t yu，yu will never lse yur value：yu are always valuable t thse peple wh lve yu．Yur value desn't cme frm what yu d r whm yu knw，but WHO YOU ARE．但是记住，无论发生什么事，你永远不会失去你的价值：你总是对那些爱你的人有价值．你的价值不是来自你所做的或你认识的人，而是你是谁．可知，作者举例是想让学生知道什么是价值．选D．
【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题．
8．（2024•东安县模拟）A girl was wrking as a nurse in a private hspital．One day，a patient with serius disease was brught t the hspital ，but had t be transferred （转移） t anther hspital at nce fr an peratin（ 手术）．Hwever，the directr f the hspital said the patient culdn't be transferred unless he paid his bill first．The patient's family was very pr．They had n chice but t ask if they culd pay the bill after the peratin because the patient was clse t death．But their request was refused．
The nurse，wh had just arrived t wrk，heard abut the situatin and made a decisin．She tk ff her gld ring，tk it t the cashier's desk（收银台） and said she wuld use it t pay fr the patient's bill．Althugh the ring was the nly piece f valuable gift her parents gave her，the nurse gave it away t save the patient．Thanks t her help，the patient was at nce transferred t anther hspital and his life was saved．Thugh the patient was a stranger，the nurse gave s much t him．
The nurse's actin caught the attentin f the dctr n duty that day．The dctr saw everything in the hspital and he was deeply mved by the nurse．He later fell in lve with the nurse and they finally gt married．The patient attended their wedding （婚礼） as well and returned the ring．
Things like this happen every day in ur life．Smetimes，giving can bring yu smething that yu have never expected befre．As Mther Teresa nce said，"In ur life，it is nt hw much yu d，but hw much lve yu put int what yu d．"
（1）Why did the patient have t be transferred t anther hspital？ B
A．The patient's disease was nt serius enugh．
B．The patient needed an peratin at nce．
C．The patient's family was very pr．
D．The directr f the hspital was t strict．
（2）Wh paid fr the patient's bill when his family's request was refused？ C
A．The patient．
B．The directr．
C．The nurse．
D．The dctr．
（3）Which f the fllwing statements is nt true accrding t the passage？ C
A．The directr refused the request frm the patient's family．
B．The patient was saved in the end with the nurse's help．
C．The directr married the girl because f her actin．
D．Smetimes，giving can bring smething unexpected t yu．
（4）What d yu think f the girl in the passage？ A
A．Kind and helpful．
B．Hard﹣wrking and brave．
C．Clever and active．
D．Outging and careful．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】文章主要讲了护士帮助病人，这一行为感动了医生，最终他们结婚了．
【解答】（1）B 细节理解题．根据段落1"One day，a patient with serius disease was brught t the hspital ，but had t be transferred t anther hspital at nce fr an peratin．一个患有严重疾病的病人被送到医院，但不得不被送往另一家医院动手术"可知，因为要转到其他医院进行手术，故答案为B．
（2）C 细节理解题．根据段落2 " She tk ff her gld ring，tk it t the cashier's desk and said she wuld use it t pay fr the patient's bill．"可知护士付了钱，故答案为C．
（3）C 细节理解题．根据 段落3 "The nurse's actin caught the attentin f the dctr n duty that day．The dctr saw everything in the hspital and he was deeply mved by the nurse．He later fell in lve with the nurse and they finally gt married"可知是医生和护士结婚了，不是领导，故答案为C．
（4）A 内容理解题．根据段落2"She tk ff her gld ring，tk it t the cashier's desk and said she wuld use it t pay fr the patient's bill"可知护士为了帮助他人无私付出，是个善良、有爱心的人，故答案为A．
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．
9．（2024•淄博模拟）One mrning a by went hme with his father．They nticed a pair f ld shes by the radside．They thught the shes might be a pr man's．In fact，the wner f the shes was wrking in the field nearby，and he had nearly finished his wrk．
The by said t his father，"Let's play a trick n the man﹣we hide his shes，and wait t see what he will d when he can't find them．"
"My by，we shuld never have fun by tricking ther peple like that，"answered his father．"Instead，let's put a cin in each f the shes，and watch he will d．"
The by did s，and then they hid nearby．
The man sn back t get h is shes，but when he put his ft int ne f his shes，he felt smething in it．He bent（弯曲）dwn and fund the cin．
Surprise appeared n his face．He lked at the cin fr a minute，and then lked arund，but nbdy culd be seen．He then went n t put n the ther she，but he was even mre surprised t find the secnd cin．
He then went dwn n his knees，lked up t the sky and said thanks alud．He said his wife was ill and his children were hungry．He wanted t buy sme bread fr them．
The by was deeply mved．
"Nw，"said his father，"yu must be much mre pleased than if yu had played yur trick．"
The by replied，"Yu have taught me a lessn which I'll never frget．Nw I understand these wrds，which I didn't understand befre：It is mre blessed（神圣的）t give than t receive．"
（1）Hw did the by want t deal with the shes at first？ A
A．T hide the shes．
B．T steal the shes．
C．T put cins in the shes．
D．T return the shes．
（2）Hw many cins did the man find？ B
A．One．
B．Tw．
C．Three．
D．Fur．
（3）What wuld the man d after he gt the cins？He wuld D ．
A．give them t his wife
B．buy a pair f new shes
C．give them back t the by
D．buy sme bread fr his family
（4）At last，the by knew C ．
A．it was funny t play tricks
B．it was gd t help each ther
C．it was better t give than t receive
D．it was wrng t put cins in the shes．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了一对父子在看到路边有一双在农田里干活的农夫的鞋时，儿子想藏起鞋捉弄一下鞋子的主人而父亲建议在农夫的鞋里分别放一枚硬币看看农夫发现后的反映．
一天早上，一个男孩与他的父亲回家．他们注意到路边有一双旧鞋．他们认为这双鞋可能是一个穷人的"，事实上，鞋的主人在附近的田里工作，他刚刚完成了他的工作．男孩对他的父亲说："我们玩一个把戏吧，把他的鞋子藏起来，看看他找不到会做什么．""我的孩子，我们永远都不应该以欺骗他人为乐趣，"父亲回答说，"相反，我们把两枚硬币各放在一只鞋上，看他会做什么．"男孩这样做了，然后他们躲在附近．男人很快回来去拿鞋，但当他把脚放进自己的鞋，他觉得有什么东西在里面．他弯下身来看见了硬币．他很惊奇．他看了硬币一分钟，然后四处看了看，但没有人，他接着又穿上了另一只鞋，但他却惊奇地发现了另一枚硬币．他跪着望向天空，大声说着感谢．他说他的妻子病了，孩子们都饿了，他想给他们买些面包．男孩被深深地感动了．"现在，"他的父亲说，"你一定比耍了你的把戏更高兴．"男孩回答道，"你已经给了我一个教训，我永远不会忘记．现在我明白了这句我以前不明白的话：施比受更神圣．"
【解答】（1）答案A 细节理解题．根据短文第二段孩子的话The by said t his father，"Let's play a trick n the man﹣we hide his shes，and wait t see what he will d when he can't find them．"可知起初孩子想把鞋子藏起来．故选A．
（2）答案B 细节理解题．根据短文描述He then went n t put n the ther she，but he was even mre surprised t find the secnd cin．可知他发现了两枚硬币，故选B．
（3）答案D 细节理解题．根据短文He said his wife was ill and his children were hungry．He wanted t buy sme bread fr them．可知他想为孩子们买一些面包，故选D．
（4）答案C 细节理解题．根据短文Nw I understand these wrds，which I didn't understand befre：It is mre blessed（神圣的）t give than t receive．可知 现在我明白了这句我以前不明白的话：施比受更神圣，故选C．
【点评】本文较为简单，大部分题目都是细节理解题，只要理解文章意思，仔细阅读，从文中寻找答案，即可轻松解答．同时本文是一篇很好的阅读理解，我们应当学习其中的精髓．
10．（2023•上杭县一模）One day a man fund a ccn（茧） f a butterfly in the frest.He sat there fr several hurs and watched the butterfly.Suddenly a small pening appeared，and the butterfly made its great effrt t frce its bdy thrugh that little hle.Then it seemed t stp making any prgress.It appeared as if it had gtten as far as it culd and it culd g n further.
S the man decided t help the butterfly.He cut ff the remaining bit f the ccn s that the butterfly culd cme ut easily.But t his surprise，the butterfly gt a heavy bdy and very small wings when it came ut f the ccn.
The man cntinued t watch the butterfly because he expected that the bdy wuld grw smaller at any mment and the wings wuld becme larger and be able t fly.But neither happened!In fact，the butterfly spent the rest f its life crawling（爬行） arund with a heavy bdy and small wings.It was never able t fly.
The man was in his kindness，but he did nt understand the nature rules.Befre the butterfly came ut f the ccn，fluid（液体） frm its bdy must be frced int its wings，and then it wuld be ready fr flying.It must have a hard struggle（拼搏） t get thrugh the small pening t get its freedm frm the ccn.
Smetimes struggles are exactly what we need in ur life，if Gd allwed us t g thrugh ur life withut any difficulties，it wuld make us fail.We wuld nt be as strng as we culd have been；we culd never fly.
（1）What was the butterfly ding at the beginning f the stry？ B
A．It was trying t make a ccn fr itself.
B．It was struggling t get ut f its ccn.
C．It was flying amng the trees in the frest.
D．It was crawling arund quietly n the grund.
（2）The man cut ff the remaining bit f the ccn B .
A．t take the butterfly hme
B．t help the butterfly cme ut easily
C．t kill the butterfly
D．t stp the butterfly frm grwing bigger
（3）What d yu think f the man？ C
A．patient but cruel.
B．careful and wise.
C．kind but unwise.
D．brave and funny.
（4）What des the last paragraph tell us？ A
A．Struggles are smetimes necessary in ur life.
B．Nthing is difficult if we put ur heart int it.
C．Every gd deed will cme back with a gd result.
D．The greatest happiness in the wrld is t help thers.
（5）What is the best title fr the stry？ C
A．The Lve fr the Ccn.
B．The Jy f Helping Each Other.
C．The Lessn f the Ccn.
D．The Expectatin fr the Butterfly.
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解．
【答案】BBCAC
【分析】这篇文章主要介绍了一天一个人在森林里发现了一只正在破茧的蝴蝶，他坐在那里好几个小时看着蝴蝶。突然出现了一个小裂口，这只蝴蝶正努力强迫自己的身体通过茧孔。他切断了其余的茧使蝴蝶能轻易出来。结果最终却害了这只蝴蝶，那个人虽然仁慈，但是他不懂自然法则。从而昭示了一个深刻的人生哲理﹣﹣有时候在我们的生活中努力奋斗正是我们所需要的。
【解答】（1）B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一行句子Suddenly a small pening appeared，and the butterfly made its great effrt t frce its bdy thrugh that little hle.突然出现了一个小裂口，这只蝴蝶正努力强迫自己的身体通过茧孔。可知这只蝴蝶正努力从它的茧里面出来。故选B。
（2）B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一行句子He cut ff the remaining bit f the ccn s that the butterfly culd cme ut easily.他切断了其余的茧使蝴蝶能轻易出来。可知这个人切断了其余的茧是为了帮助蝴蝶容易出来。故选B。
（3）C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一行句子The man was in his kindness，but he did nt understand the nature rules.那个人虽然仁慈，但是他不懂自然法则。及上下文描述，可知这个人仁慈但不明智。故选C。
（4）A 细节归纳题。根据最后一段Smetimes struggles are exactly what we need in ur life.有时奋斗恰好是我们生活中所需要的。故选A。
（5）C 主题归纳题。这篇短文中的好心人帮助一只正在破茧的蝴蝶，结果最终却害了这只蝴蝶，从而昭示了一个深刻的人生哲理有时候在我们的生活中努力奋斗正是我们所需要的，那就是茧的教训。故选C。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
11．（2023•泰兴市模拟）It was ne 'clck in the mrning when I at last succeeded in creating life．
As I lked at the lifeless human being，I saw ne eye slwly pen．Then he began t breathe and mve his arms．At first，I thught he wuld be a fine﹣lking man．He had yellw skin，black hair and very white teeth．Unluckily，his eyes were watery，and his lips were thin and clrless．I sn realized that there was nthing beautiful abut him．I ran ut f the rm，disgusted （恶心） by the creature I had created．I tried t sleep，but fr hurs I culd nt．Then，when I did get t sleep，I had bad dreams．When I awke the next mrning，I did nt want t return t my labratry and the mnster I had created．I went fr a lng walk until I came t an inn．There，t my pleasure and surprise，I fund my friend，Henry Clerval． "Tell me abut my family，" I asked him． "And Elizabeth，Hw is she？"
"They are all well，Frankenstein，" he said． "But yu d nt lk well，my friend．Yur eyes lk as if yu have nt slept fr many weeks．"
I knew this was true． "I have been s busy，" I explained， "that I have been wrking withut rest．" Henry walked back with me t my department．I did nt want him t，but I culd nt stp him．I was afraid that the creature i had left there might be alive and walking abut．When we reached my apartment，I asked Henry t wait utside fr a few minutes．I did nt explain why．I slwly pened the dr and entered the rm．T my surprise，it was empty．The creature had gne．I was s vercme by the feeling that I fainted．I was ill fr many mnths．
During my illness，Henry was my nly nurse．He heard me talking in my sleep abut a mnster．At first，he thught i was just having a bad dream，but then he realized that smething very bad happened in my life．At last，I began t get better．
（1）What is this passage prbably taken frm？ B
A．A news reprt．
B．A science fictin．
C．A travel guide．
D．a histry bk．
（2）What's the main idea f the first paragraph？ A
A．The birth f the creature．
B．The persnalities f the creature．
C．The happy feeling f creating life．
D．The spirit f the creature．
（3）What des the underlined wrd "fainted" in Paragraph 4 prbably mean？ C
A．brke dwn
B．cheered
C．lst senses
D．went wrng
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇科幻小说，说的是最终创造生物体的故事．故事介绍了作者创造生命的过程和中间发生的故事，以及结果等．
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．题干句意：本文可能选自哪里？根据文中"It was ne 'clck in the mrning when I at last succeeded in creating life"和"I was afraid that the creature I had left there might be alive and walking abut"可知，凌晨一点的时候，我最终成功地创造了生命．我害怕我原先留在那里的生命体会仍然或者，并到处乱走．故知本文可能是科幻小说，故选B．
（2）A．段落大意题．题干句意：第一段的大意是什么？根据文中"t was ne 'clck in the mrning when I at last succeeded in creating life"可知，凌晨一点的时候，我最终成功地创造了生命．故知本段说的是生物体的诞生．故选A．
（3）C．词义理解与猜测题．题干句意：第四段中的划线单词"fainted"可能是什么意思？根据文中"The creature had gne"和"I was s vercme by the feeling that I fainted"及"I was ill fr many mnths"可知，生物体消失了．我被这种感觉所控制，于是晕倒了．我病了数月．故知"fainted"意思是"昏厥"，即失去知觉．故选C．
【点评】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案．
12．（2018•南充）One day，while I was waiting fr my father，I saw a little by，arund tw years ld，running freely n the grass as his mther watched frm a shrt distance．The by had a big smile n his face as if he had just been set free frm sme srt f prisn（监狱）．The by wuld then fall t the grass，get up，withut lking back at his mther，run as fast as he culd，again，still with a smile n his face，as if nthing had happened．
At that mment，I thught t myself， "Why aren't mst adults this way？ " Mst adults，when they fall dwn，make a big deal ut f it and dn't even make a secnd attempt．They wuld be s embarrassed that they wuld nt try again if smene saw them fall．Or，because they fall，they wuld find a gd excuse fr themselves that they're nt fit fr it．They wuld end up being t afraid t attempt again fr fear f failure（失败）．
Hwever，with kids，when they fall dwn，they dn't cnsider their falling dwn as a failure，instead，they treat it as a learning experience．They try again and again until they succeed．The answer must be that they have nt cnnected "falling dwn" with the wrd "failure"．What's mre，they prbably think t themselves that it's quite kay t fall dwn and that it's nt wrng t d s．In ther wrds，they allw themselves t make mistakes，s they remain energetic．
I was deeply impressed by the by' s persistence（坚持不懈） and the manner in which he did．
（1）What did the little by d when he fell dwn？ C
A．He cried and lay n the grass．
B．He asked his mther fr help．
C．He gt up and went n running．
D．He gt up and std there crying．
（2）In the writer's pinin，what might the little by regard his falling dwn as？ D
A．A failure．
B．A jke．
C．An interesting game．
D．A learning experience．
（3）In the writer's pinin，why can't many adults succeed？ C
A．Because they are afraid f being embarrassed．
B．Because they can't find a gd excuse．
C．Because nce they fail，they wn't attempt again．
D．Because they dn't allw themselves t make mistakes．
（4）The underlined wrd "attempt" in Paragraph 2 means A
A．尝试
B．放弃
C．面对
D．怀疑
（5）What des the writer want t tell us？ B
A．Practice makes perfect．
B．Failure is the mther f success．
C．All rads lead t Rme．
D．Each cin has tw sides．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；词句猜测．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】短文讲了作者在等父亲的时候，看见一个小男孩不断摔倒，不断奔跑的故事，从而告诉我们失败是成功之母．
【解答】（1）C 细节理解题．根据第一段句子The by wuld then fall t the grass，get up，withut lking back at his mther，run as fast as he culd，again，still with a smile n his face，as if nthing had happened．男孩然后跌倒在草地上，站起来，没有回头看他的母亲，尽可能快地跑，再一次，仍然微笑着在他的脸上，好像什么也没有发生过．可知他站起来，继续跑步．故选C．
（2）D 细节理解题．根据第三段句子Hwever，with kids，when they fall dwn，they dn't cnsider their falling dwn as a failure，instead，they treat it as a learning experience．然而，对于孩子们来说，当他们摔倒的时候，他们并不认为他们的失败是一种失败，相反，他们把它当作一种学习的经历．可知是一个学习的经验．故选D．
（3）C 细节理解题．根据第二段句子At that mment，I thught t myself， "Why aren't mst adults this way？ " Mst adults，when they fall dwn，make a big deal ut f it and dn't even make a secnd attempt．在那一刻，我心想："为什么大多数成年人不是这样的？""大多数成年人，当他们摔倒的时候，会做出很大的改变，甚至都不会再做一次尝试．" 可知因为一旦他们失败了，他们就不会再尝试了．故选C．
（4）A 词义猜测题．根据前句At that mment，I thught t myself， "Why aren't mst adults this way？ " Mst adults，when they fall dwn，make a big deal ut f it and dn't even make a secnd attempt，在那一刻，我心想："为什么大多数成年人不是这样的？""大多数成年人，当他们摔倒的时候，会做出很大的改变，甚至都不会再做一次…，"可知结合选项，应是在那一刻，我心想："为什么大多数成年人不是这样的？""大多数成年人，当他们摔倒的时候，会做出很大的改变，甚至都不会再做一次尝试．"attempt意为尝试，故选A．
（5）B 主旨给归纳题．根据整篇文章内容及其倒数第二段句子They try again and again until they succeed．The answer must be that they have nt cnnected "falling dwn" with the wrd "failure"．What's mre，they prbably think t themselves that it's quite kay t fall dwn and that it's nt wrng t d s．In ther wrds，they allw themselves t make mistakes，s they remain energetic．他们一次又一次地尝试，直到成功．答案必须是，他们没有将"失败"与"失败"联系在一起．更重要的是，他们可能会认为摔倒是很正常的，这样做是没有错的．换句话说，他们允许自己犯错误，所以他们仍然精力充沛．可知结合选项，应是失败是成功之母．故选B．
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案．
13．（2023•仁和区二模）Happiness is imprtant fr everyne．Mst peple want t be happy，but few knw hw t find happiness．Here is a stry t help yu．
Once a bird lived unhappily．S it traveled far away t lk fr its happiness．
It flew and flew．Suddenly it saw a spider climbing up a wall．The spider fell ff the wall halfway．But it kept climbing again and fell ff again．Even s，the spider didn't give up．The little bird asked the spider in surprise． "Why dn't yu have pain but happiness n yur face thugh yu fail again and again？"
"Because I keep making my effrts．I'm happy．" said the spider．
Then the little bird saw it happiness is a will in the heart．
The bird cntinued flying and saw a lame duck help a little duck wh gt lst t find the way back hme．Althugh it was disabled，it had a smiling face．
"I'm happy because I can help thers．" said the lame duck．
S the bird saw it happiness is a lve in the heart．
The bird went n flying and suddenly saw a little dying flwer，whse face was full f smile．The bird didn't knw the reasn．S it asked the little flwer， "Yu're ging t die．Why are yu still s happy？"
"Because my dream will cme true，" said the little flwer．
"What is yur dream？"
"T prduce sweet fruit．"
The little bird saw it：happiness is a hpe in the heart．
S the little bird n mre lked fr happiness because it had seen the true happiness is nt in the faraway place but in yur wn heart．Yu are the maker f yur wn happiness．
（1）Wh never gave up thugh it failed again and again in this passage？ B
A．The bird．
B．The spider．
C．The flwer．
D．The duck．
（2）Why is the little dying flwer still s happy？ C
A．Because it ften helps thers．
B．Because it'll prduce sur fruit．
C．Because it has a hpe in the heart．
D．Because it keeps climbing up a wall．
（3）What can we knw frm the stry？ A
A．The bird fund happiness in its wn heart．
B．The bird fund happiness in the faraway place．
C．The bird didn't knw where happiness was at last．
D．The lame duck wasn't happy because it had t help thers．
（4）Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t the passage？ B
A．Happiness is imprtant fr everyne．
B．Many peple knw hw t find happiness．
C．We make happiness by urselves．
D．The way t happiness is t have a dream，t help thers and nt t give up．
（5）The passage is mainly abut D ．
A．will
B．hpe
C．lve
D．happiness
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；主旨大意；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要介绍幸福对每个人都很重要，大多数人都想快乐，但很少有人知道如何找到快乐．作者通过一只小鸟的经历，告诉我们幸福并不在遥远的地方，而是在你自己的心里．你是自己幸福的创造者．
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．根据第四行The little bird asked the spider in surprise． "Why dn't yu have pain but happiness n yur face thugh yu fail again and again？"小鸟惊奇地问蜘蛛："为什么你一次又一次失败，你脸上却没有痛苦，只有幸福？"．可知，应该是"蜘蛛"．
（2）C．细节理解题．根据倒数第五段"Because my dream will cme true，" said the little flwer．"因为我的梦想会成真，"小花说．倒数第二段The little bird saw it：happiness is a hpe in the heart．小鸟看到了：幸福是心中的希望．可知，因为小花心中有希望．选C．
（3）A．细节理解题．根据最后一段S the little bird n mre lked fr happiness because it had seen the true happiness is nt in the faraway place but in yur wn heart．Yu are the maker f yur wn happiness．所以小鸟不再寻找幸福，因为它看到了真相，幸福并不在遥远的地方，而是在你自己的心里．你是自己幸福的创造者．可知，鸟儿在内心深处找到了快乐．选A．
（4）B．推理判断题．根据第一行Mst peple want t be happy，but few knw hw t find happiness大多数人都想快乐，但很少有人知道如何找到幸福．可知，B选项"很多人知道如何找到幸福"不正确．选B．
（5）D．主旨大意题．根据第一句Happiness is imprtant fr everyne幸福对每个人都很重要．可知，短文主要介绍"幸福"．选D．
【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题．
14．（2023•兴庆区校级二模）As teenagers（青少年），yu have many dreams．The dreams can be very big，such as winning the Nbel Prize，r they can be small．Yu may just want t becme ne f the ten best students in yur class．
Once yu find a dream，what d yu d with it？D yu ever try t make yur dream real？
"Fllw Yur Heart" by Australian writer Andrew Mathews tells us that making ur dreams real is life's biggest challenge．
Yu may think yu're nt very gd at sme schl subjects，r that it is impssible fr yu t becme a writer．These kinds f thughts stp yu frm getting yur dream，the bk says．
In fact，everyne can make his dream cme true．The first thing yu must d is t remember what yu dream is．
Dn't let it leave yur heart．Keep telling yurself what yu want．D this step by step （逐步地）and yur dream will cme true faster because a big dream is，in fact，many small dreams．
Yu must als never give up yur dream．There will be difficulties n the rad t yur dreams．But the biggest difficulty cmes frm yurself．Yu need t decide what is the mst imprtant．Studying instead f watching TV will lead t （导致） better exam results，while saving five yuan instead f buying an ice cream means yu can buy a new bk．As yu get clser t yur dream，it may change a little．This is gd as yu have the chance t learn mre skills and find new interests．
（1）The writer thinks that C ．
A．dreams are easy t be realized
B．just a few peple can realize their dreams
C．a big dream is frmed by many small dreams
D．small dreams are nt imprtant
（2）The underlined wrd "it" in the fifth paragraph refers t（指） D ．
A．the subject
B．the bk
C．the difficulty
D．the dream
（3）Which f the fllwing thughts stps yu frm making yur dream real？ A
A．I am nt a gd English learner．
B．I want t be the best student in my class．
B．I'll d my best t pass the exam
D．I will d everything t d the jb well．
（4）Accrding t the passage，which f the fllwing statements is crrect？ B
A．If it is a difficult t realize yur dream，yu may give up．
B．Yu must remember yur dream is．
C．Yur dream will never help yu learn mre skills．
D．On the rad t yur dream，the largest difficulty desn't cme frm yurself．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；词句猜测．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要讲作为青少年，每个人都会有自己的梦想，第一件事就是要记住你的梦想．不要让它离开你的心．，继续告诉自己你想要什么，然后坚持不懈的实现它．
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据 D this step by step （逐步地）and yur dream will cme true faster because a big dream is，in fact，many small dreams．一步一步的做，你的梦想会更快实现，因为一个大梦想，实际上是许多小梦想．故选C．
（2）D．词义猜测题．根据 The first thing yu must d is t remember what yu dream is．Dn't let it leave yur heart．Keep telling yurself what yu want．你要做的第一件事就是要记住你的梦想．不要让它离开你的心．继续告诉自己你想要什么．可知指的是梦想．故选D．
（3）A．细节理解题．根据Yu may think yu're nt very gd at sme schl subjects，r that it is impssible fr yu t becme a writer．These kinds f thughts stp yu frm getting yur dream，the bk says．你可能认为自己不是很擅长某些学科，你不可能成为一名作家．这本书说，这些想法阻止你实现梦想．故选A．
（4）B．细节理解题．根据 The first thing yu must d is t remember what yu dream is．你必须做的第一件事就是记住你的梦想．故选B．
【点评】先通读全文，把握中心大意后开始答题，对暂时确定不了的答案，可再次阅读文章的有关内容并对其进行分析、推敲后再确定．
15．（2023•德惠市二模）My 10﹣year﹣ld Dnna said，"Mm，I made a new friend at schl tday．Can she cme ver tmrrw？"Dnna was a shy girl and I wanted her t make sme friends t bring her ut f her shell．
"Sure，hney，that sunds great．"I said，thinking back t my wn best friend，Lillian．We lived acrss the street frm each ther in Washingtn Heights，New Yrk．We met at the age f 10，t．Like my daughter，I was shy，but Lillian drew me ut．She was ne f the friendliest peple in schl，with shiny black hair and a mile﹣wide smile．
In senir high schl，Lillian went n a trip t Flrida．This was the first time we had t be away frm each ther fr a few days．"I'll be back sn．"she tld me．But three days later，Lillian's sister tld me that she had fallen int a river and hadn't cme ut any mre．Sn，my family mved t New Jersey．Whenever I thught f her，tears came int my eyes．
The next day Dnna brught her new friend hme．"Hi，Mrs．Lggia．"the little girl said．Her hair was s shiny and black and she sht me a big smile．"My name is Laura．"
My daughter's new friend was s much like Lillian．I was still puzzled （迷惑） when Laura's mm came t pick her up later that afternn．I pened the dr t let her in．"Judy!"she cried．"It's me，Lillian's sister，frm Washingtn Heights．"Yes，my daughter's friend lked familiar．She was Lillian's niece．
（1）The underlined wrds in the first paragraph"t bring her ut f her shell"mean A ．
A．t help her becme less shy
B．t help her becme smart
C．t help her live happily
D．t help her walk ut f her huse
（2）Laura lked familiar t the writer because she D ．
A．was her daughter's friend
B．was as ld as her daughter
C．was frm Washingtn Heights
D．had shiny black hair and a big smile，t
（3）Why did the writer lse her best friend？Because D ．
A．she mved t New Jersey
B．they were different frm each ther
C．her best friend travelled t Flrida
D．her best friend lst her life n a trip
（4）The sentence"I knew we wuld be best friends frever．"frm the passage is prbably put at the end f A ．
A．Paragraph 2
B．Paragraph 3
C．Paragraph 4
D．Paragraph 5
（5）We can infer （推断） frm the passage that A ．
A．Laura is utging
B．Laura helps Dnna a lt
C．Laura and Dnna are f the same age
D．Judy mved t New Jersey because f Lillian's death．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇人生感悟类阅读．
文章大意是：我十岁的唐娜说，"妈妈，我今天在学校刚交了一个朋友．她明天能来我们家吗？"唐娜是个害羞的女孩并且我想让她通过交朋友变得外向．"当然可以了，宝贝，那听起来不错．"我说．回想起我自己的好朋友，莉莲．我们住在纽约华盛顿，并且我们住对街．我们也是在10岁相识．和我女儿一样，我很害羞，但是莉莲帮我改变．她是我们学校最友好的人之一，有着闪亮的黑色头发和大大的笑容．
高中时，她去了佛罗里达州的行程．这是我们第一次不得不分开一段时间．"我很快就回来．"她告诉我．但是三天后，莉莲的妹妹告诉我她掉入河里再也回不来了．不久，我们家就搬到了新泽西州．每当想起她，眼里就浮出眼泪．
第二天唐娜就带她的新朋友回家．"你好，Lggia夫人．"小女孩说．她的头发是如此黑亮，并且给我一个大大的笑．"我叫劳拉．"
我女儿的新朋友是这么的像莉莲．直到劳拉的母亲下午来接她我还一直处于迷惑状态．我开门让她进来．"朱迪！"她哭着说．"是我，莉莲的妹妹，来自华盛顿．"是啊，我女儿的新朋友如此相像．她是莉莲的侄女．
【解答】（1）A 考查猜测词义题．根据Dnna was a shy girl and I wanted her t make sme friends t bring her ut f her shell．Dnna是一个害羞的女孩，作者希望交新朋友能让她从这样的性格中走出来，即让他不是这么害羞，故A正确．
（2）D 考查细节题．根据第二段最后一行with shinyblack hair and a mile﹣wide smile．乌黑发亮的头发和大大的微笑和倒数第二段最后一行Her hair was s shiny and black and she sht me a big smile她的头发乌黑发亮，给我一个大大的微笑说明D正确．
（3）D 考查细节题．根据第三段3，4行Lillian's sister tld me that she had fallen int a river and hadn't cme ut any mre．莉莲的妹妹告诉我她掉入河里再也回不来了．说明D正确．
（4）A考查 推理题．这句话是表示两个人有深刻的友谊，故应该放在第二段我和Lillian见面以后的情景．
（5）A考查推断题．根据文章第二段I was shy，but Lillian drew me ut我很害羞，但是莉莲帮我改变，可知Lillian是外向的，最后一段可知Laura是Lillian的侄女，她们的长相和性格应该很相似，性格也有可能很外向．故A正确．
【点评】这是一篇人生感悟类阅读．题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．
16．（2023•文登区一模）Gregg's dream was t travel arund the Americas（美洲）．He gt the idea after he finished a lng bike ride．Gregg's friend，Brks，als liked riding a bike．The tw friends talked and made a plan，they wuld travel frm Alaska t Argentina by bike．
T pay fr the trip，Gregg and Brks wrked t save mney fr a lng time．When they were n the rad，they ften camped utdrs and ate cheaply．In many places，lcal peple pened their drs t the tw friends and gave them fd．
On their way，there were deserts，rainfrests and muntains．They visited mdern cities and ancient ruins．And they made many friends frm all ver the wrld．
Tw years later，Gregg finally reached Ushuaia，Argentina in May 2007．（Near Guatemala，Brks had t g back and Gregg cntinued withut him．）
They bth learned a lt abut traveling．Here are sme f Gregg's suggestins．
Travel light．Yu shuldn't carry many things with yu．
Be flexible（灵活的）．Dn't plan everything．Then yu'll be mre relaxed and pleased．
Be plite．One traveler tld Gregg，"Nbdy wants t cheat a nice man．"It's true．
Judge the fllwing sentences true （T）r false （F） accrding t the passage
（1）Befre the trip，they had a lt f mney． F
（2）All f their fd came frm lcal peple． F
（3）They began t travel t the Americas in 2005． T
（4）Bth f them reached Ushuaia，Argentina． F
（5）A nice man wn't be cheated． T
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】Gregg的梦想就是环美洲旅游，他和朋友Brk都喜欢骑自行车，两个人谈论商量然后制定了一个计划．为了准备这场旅行，他们努力工作攒钱，真正上路以后，他们也是经常在户外住帐篷，吃廉价的餐食．一路上，他们经过了沙漠、雨林等，也拜访现代的大城市和古迹，交了很多来自世界各个角落的朋友．两年以后，Gregg成功到达阿根廷的乌斯怀亚．在旅行中，他们学到了很多，Gregg给我们提供了三个有关旅行的建议：轻松旅行、灵活旅行、礼貌旅行．
【解答】（1）答案为F．细节判断题．根据"T pay fr the trip，Gregg and Brks wrked t save mney fr a lng time．When they were n the rad，they ften camped utdrs and ate cheaply"，我们可以得知，Gregg 和 Brks 工作攒钱了很长时间，在路上也是住在帐篷里，吃的朴素，所以他们的钱并不多．则Befre the trip，they had a lt f mney这个说法不正确．所以答案为F．
（2）答案为F．细节判断题．根据"In many places，lcal peple pened their drs t the tw friends and gave them fd"，我们可以得知，在很多地方旅行经过的时候，当地人都会给打开门送给他们食物，所以并不是所有的食物都来自于当地的人们．故All f their fd came frm lcal peple，他们的食物都来自当地的人们，这个说法不正确．故答案为F．
（3）答案为T．推理判断题．根据"Tw years later，Gregg finally reached Ushuaia，Argentina in May 2007"，我们可以得知两年后，也就是2007年，Gregg到达阿根廷，所以他们是两年之前开始的旅行，也是2005年．所以They began t travel t the Americas in 2005这个说法正确．故答案为T．
（4）答案为F．细节判断题．根据"Tw years later，Gregg finally reached Ushuaia，Argentina in May 2007．（Near Guatemala，Brks had t g back and Gregg cntinued withut him．）"，我们可以得知，在邻近危地马拉时，Brks返回了，后来Gregg一个人继续旅行的，所以Bth f them reached Ushuaia，Argentina，他们两个人都到达阿根廷，这个说法不正确．故答案为F．
（5）答案为T．细节判断题．根据"Nbdy wants t cheat a nice man"，我们可以得知，没有人会欺骗一个好人，所以A nice man wn't be cheated，这个说法正确．故答案为T．
【点评】快速阅读全文，掌握文章主旨，并认真阅读题目，把握好相关文章细节，做出准确判断．
17．（2023•内黄县二模）Mst peple want t be happy，but few knw hw t find happiness．Mney and success alne d nt bring lasting happiness．Happiness depends n urselves．In ther wrds，we make ur wn happiness．
Here are a few suggestins t help yu be happier．
The first secret f happiness is t enjy the simple things in life．T ften，we spend s much time thinking abut the future﹣﹣fr example，getting int cllege r getting a gd jb that we fail t enjy the present（现在）．Yu shuld enjy life's simple pleasures，such as reading a gd bk，listening t yur favrite music，r spending time with clse friends．Peple wh have several clse friends ften live happier and healthier lives．
Anther secret f living a happy life is t be active，and hbbies make yu frget yur prblems and time．Many peple experience this by dancing，swimming r playing a sprt．Yu can frget abut yur prblems，and nly think abut the activity．
Finally，many peple find happiness in helping thers．Studies shw that peple feel gd when they spend their time helping thers．If yu want t feel happier，d gd things fr smene．Yu can help a friend with his r her studies，g shpping t buy fd fr an elderly persn，r simply help ut arund the huse by washing the dishes．
（1）The passage gives us three pieces f advice n B ．
A．hw t slve prblem
B．hw t find happiness
C．hw t enjy life
D．hw t succeed
（2）The third paragraph tells us that C ．
A．the mre friends yu have，the happier yu will be
B．we shuldn't think abut ur future
C．happiness is t enjy the simple things in life
D．sme peple fail t help thers
（3）The writer thinks that D ．
A．it's wrng t spend time n wrk
B．everyne knws hw t live a happier life
C．hbbies take up t much time
D．ding gd things fr smene can make yu happier
（4）Which f the fllwing is nt mentined in the passage？ B
A．Reading a gd bk．
B．Traveling t a freign cuntry．
C．Playing a sprt．
D．Spending time with clse friends．
（5）The best title （标题） f this passage is A ．
A．The Secrets f Happiness
B．Mney Makes Yu Happy
C．Helping Others Makes Yu Happy
D．Gd Friends Make Yu Happy．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；主旨大意．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了什么是幸福，大多数人都想快乐，但很少有人知道如何找到幸福，金钱和成功本身并不能带来持久的幸福，幸福取决于我们自己．这里有一些建议可以帮助你更快乐．并对如何获得幸福，提出了三个建议．
【解答】（1）B 细节理解题．根据Mst peple want t be happy，but few knw hw t find happiness．Mney and success alne d nt bring lasting happiness．Happiness depends n urselves．In ther wrds，we make ur wn happiness．Here are a few suggestins t help yu be happier．大多数人都想快乐，但很少有人知道如何找到快乐，金钱和成功本身并不能带来持久的快乐，快乐取决于我们自己．这里有一些建议可以帮助你更快乐．可知文章是讲如何找到快乐．故选B．
（2）C 细节理解题．根据The first secret f happiness is t enjy the simple things in life．快乐的第一个秘诀是享受生活中简单的事情．可知第三段告诉我们快乐的第一个秘诀是享受生活中简单的事情．故选C．
（3）D 细节理解题．根据Finally，many peple find happiness in helping thers．Studies shw that peple feel gd when they spend their time helping thers．If yu want t feel happier，d gd things fr smene．最后，很多人觉得在帮助别人很快乐．研究表明，人们感觉良好时，他们花费自己的时间帮助别人．如果你想感受快乐时，做些好事为别人．可知作者认为做好事的人会让你更快乐．故选D．
（4）B 细节判断题．根据such as reading a gd bk，如读一本好书．spending time with clse friends．花时间和亲密的朋友．swimming r playing a sprt．游泳或做运动．可知文中没有提到去国外旅行．故选B．
（5）A 主旨归纳题．根据整篇文章内容及其句子Here are a few suggestins t help yu be happier．The first secret f happiness is t enjy the simple things in life．
Anther secret f living a happy life is t be active，and hbbies make yu frget yur prblems and time．Finally，many peple find happiness in helping thers．这里有一些建议可以帮助你更快乐．快乐的第一个秘诀是享受生活中简单的事情．快乐生活的另一个秘诀是积极主动，爱好使你忘记了你的问题和时间，最后，很多人觉得在帮助别人的快乐．可知快乐的秘密就是作者说的这三点．故选A．
【点评】本文中长句较多，一时很难读懂句子含义，注意多读几遍，不要强求非得理解一词一句的含义，能把握文章大意就行．瞻前顾后，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案．
18．（2023•庐阳区校级三模）Jhn and Bbby jined the same cmpany tgether just after they cmpleted their university studies the same year．Bth [them wrked very hard．Several years later，hwever，the bss prmted （提拔） Bbby t manager but Jhn was still a wrker．Jhn culd nt take it，and gave his resignatin （辞呈） t the bss．He cmplained that the bss did nt chink much f thse wh were hard wrking，but prmted nly thse wh flattered（奉承） him．
The bss knew that Jhn had wrked very hard fr the years．He thught a mment and said，"Thank yu fr what yu said，but I hpe yu will d ne mre thing fr ur cmpany befre yu leave．"
Jhn agreed．The bss asked him t g and find anyne selling watermelns in the market．Jhn went and returned sn．He said he had fund a man selling water melns．The bss asked hw much they cst every kilgram．Jhn shk his head and went back t the seller t ask and returned t tell the bss 1.2 every kilgram．The bss tld Jhn t wait a secnd，and he called Bbby t cme t his ffice．He asked Bbby t g and find any ne selling watermelns in the market．Bbby went and returned，saying，"Bss，nly ne persn is selling watermelns.1.2 every kilgram，and ＄10 fr 10 kilgrams．The seller has 340 melns．On the table there are 58 melns，and every radn weighs abut 2 kilgrams．They were brught frm the Suth tw days ag．They are f gd quality．"
Hearing hat Bbby said，Jhn realized the difference between himself and Bbby．He decided t stay and learn frm Bbby．
（1）Hw did Jhn feel when Bbby was prmted t manager？ A
A．Angry，
B．Nervus．
C．Unlucky．
D．Helpless．
（2）The bss gave Jhn a task because． B
A．he wanted Jhn t d mre fr his cmpany
B．he wanted Jhn t learn mre abut himself
C．he wanted t punish Jhn fr what he said
D．he wanted t prve what Jhn said was right
（3）We can infer （推断） frm the passage that D ．
A．Bbby was unselfish
B．Jhn was lazy
C．the seller was dishnest
D．the bss was wise
（4）What can we learn frm the passage？ C
A．The bss shuld treat all his wrkers in a fair way．
B．The bss shuld nt prmte ne wh flatters him．
C．One shuld nt nly wrk hard but als use his head．
D．One shuld try t get every detail f watermelns．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；主旨大意；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这篇短文中主要描述了两个同时进入公司的年轻人约翰和鲍比的故事．文中老板面对鲍比的愤怒及辞职要挟冷静处理，用一个事实让约翰认识到自己的问题，从而也告诉我们工作中，需要的不仅仅是热情，还需要更多的头脑．
【解答】（1）A细节理解题．根据第一段Jhn culd nt take it，and gave his resignatin（辞职书） t the bss．描述，可知他很愤怒，故选A．
（2）B细节理解题．通过短文二三段的描述，可知老板通过这个任务，让约翰认识到了自己和鲍比的不同，故选B，他想让约翰更好的了解自己．故选B．
（3）D细节理解题．这篇短文中的老板面对鲍比的愤怒及辞职要挟冷静处理，用一个事实让约翰认识到自己的问题，说明他是一个很英明的老板，故选D．
（4）C主旨大意题．这篇短文中的约翰和鲍比同样工作努力，但是鲍比得到了提拔，因为鲍比是个细心的，爱动脑筋的人．所以我们工作中，需要的不仅仅是热情，还需要更多的头脑．故选C．
【点评】做题时首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案．
19．（2023•大庆三模）A passenger tld an air hstess that he needed a cup f water t take his medicine when the plane just tk ff．She tld him that she wuld bring him the water in ten minutes．
The air hstess was kept s busy that she frgt t give him the water．As a result，the passenger was held up（延误） t take his medicine．Thirty minutes later，when the passenger's ring fr service sunded，she hurried ver t him with a cup f water，but he refused．
In the fllwing hurs n the plane，each time the air hstess passed by the passenger，she wuld ask him with a smile whether he needed help r nt．But the passenger never answered a wrd．．
When he was ging t get ff the plane，the passenger asked the air hstess t hand him the passenger's bklet．She was very sad．She knew that he wuld write dwn sharp wrds，but with a smile she handed it t him．
Off the plane，she pened the bklet，and smiled，fr the passenger put it，"On the flight，yu asked me whether I needed help r nt fr twelve times in all．Hw can I refuse yu twelve sincere smiles？"
That's right!Wh can refuse twelve sincere smiles frm a persn？
（1）Ten minutes later，the passenger didn't get the water，because B ．
A．the plane didn't take ff．
B．the air hstess was kept busy and frgt it．
C．it's nt allwed t take medicine during the flight．
D．there aren't enugh water n the plane．
（2）The underlined wrd"it"in Paragraph 4 refers t the D ．
A．medicine
B．water
C．cup
D．bklet
（3）At the end f the stry，we knew the passenger was A with the air hstess．
A．satisfied
B．unhappy
C．angry
D．bred．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇人物故事类完形填空．主要介绍了一名乘客在飞机起飞之后告诉空姐需要一杯水来吃药，空姐告诉他很快拿水来，二十分钟之后，这个乘客按响了呼叫服务的铃声，空姐是那么的忙以致于忘了给他拿水，所以乘客就耽搁了吃药，空姐急急忙忙给他拿来了一杯水，但是他却拒绝了．在后面的飞行中，每次经过那位乘客身边，空姐都要笑着问他需要水吗？但这个乘客没在意她的话，在快要下飞机的时候，这个乘客叫空姐把意见簿给他，空姐很伤心，认为他可能会写一些尖锐的话语，这可能导致她失去工作，但她还是微笑着递给他了意见簿．下了飞机之后，她看了意见簿后笑了，因为乘客写的是"在飞机上，你问了我12次是否需要水，我怎么能拒绝12次真诚的微笑呢？"就是那12次微笑深深地打动了乘客，当然了她也不会失去工作了．
【解答】（1）B 细节理解题。根据第二段The air hstess was kept s busy that she frgt t give him the water．As a result，the passenger was held up（延误）t take his medicine"但是空姐一直都很忙，忘记给那位乘客倒水了！结果乘客延误了吃药"可知十分钟后，乘客没有拿到水是因为空姐太忙，忘了．故选B。
（2）D 推理判断题。根据划线单词的上文When he was ging t get ff the plane，the passenger asked the air hstess t hand him the passengers' bklet可知当他打算下飞机时，那位乘客要求空姐把乘客留言本给他送过去，结合题干She was very sad．She knew that he wuld write dwn sharp wrds，but with a smile she handed it t him．可知空姐很难过．她知道他会写愤怒的话．但是她微笑着把它递给了他，可推知it代指上文的passengers' bklet，故选D。
（3）A 推理判断题。根据最后一段乘客的留言"On the flight，yu asked me whether I needed help r nt fr twelve times in all．Hw can I refuse yur twelve sincere smiles？"That's right!Wh can refuse twelve sincere smiles frm a persn？"在飞行途中，你问了我十二次是否需要帮助．我怎么能拒绝十二次诚挚的微笑呢"的确如此！谁能拒绝一个人的十二次诚挚的微笑呢？"可知最后乘客对对空姐的服务很满意，故选A。
【点评】本文讲了空姐用她十二次诚挚的微笑弥补了她的失误最终感动了乘客的故事，告诉我们真诚的微笑能够弥补我们犯下的错误，冰释我们生活的误会和怨恨．只要你对他人绽开你真诚的笑容，他人也会给予你同样的热诚和关爱的．本篇阅读理解比较简单，所给的题目也比较简单，解答时先通读一遍短文，然后带着问题再读一遍短文，从短文中找出相关的句子，然后对照选项即可选出正确答案．
20．（2024•宿迁模拟）As an ld Chinese saying ges，fd is what matters mst t peple．A Bite f China Seasn Tw，all abut the histry and culture f eating and cking in China，bradcast n CCTV﹣1 frm April 18 t June 6．Fd plays an imprtant rle in ur daily life．It is als ne f the mst imprtant parts f Chinese culture．Besides the rich fd culture in China，A Bite f China Seasn Tw als wants t shw the jys and sadnesses f rdinary Chinese in changing times thrugh fd．
The dcumentary makes viewers lng fr hme and the tastes f childhd．One Weib user wrte，"A Bite f China Seasn Tw makes me have s many wrds t say．It makes me think f my parents and grandmther．I remember my father taught me hw t fish when I was a kid．I haven't been hme fr a lng time，s I've decided t g back in a few days．"
The dcumentary uses fd as a windw t intrduce China t the wrld．Viewers can see hw Chinese peple lve life by lving fd．The new seasn is nt just an intrductin t fd．It als explres the relatinship between Chinese peple and their fd．Anyne wh wants t knw mre abut Chinese fd culture and Chinese sciety shuld have a bite f the prgramme．
（1）What type f TV prgramme is A Bite f China Seasn Tw？ B
A．A cartn．
B．A dcumentary．
C．A cmedy．
D．A chat shw
（2）When did the prgramme begin n CCTV﹣1？ B
A．April 6．
B．April 18．
C．June 6．
D．July 6．
（3）What's the main idea f the prgramme？ C
A．The develpment f Chinese histry．
B．An intrductin t Chinese culture．
C．The histry and culture f Chinese fd．
D．Feelings f rdinary Chinese．
【考点】方法与哲理．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】翻译：
中国有句古话"民以食为天"．《舌尖上的中国》第二季，所有都是关于在中国的饮食和烹饪的历史和文化，从四月18日到六月六日在CCTV﹣1播出．食物在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用．这也是中国文化的一个最重要的部分．除了在中国丰富的饮食文化，《舌尖上的中国》第二季也想要通过食物展示普通中国人在时代变迁中的快乐和忧伤．这部纪录片让观众们渴望回家，重温童年的味道．一位微博用户写道："《舌尖上的中国》第二季让我有很多话要说，这让我想起我的父母和祖母，我记得我是个孩子的时候，我的父亲教我如何钓鱼，我很久没有回家了，所以我决定几天后回去．"这部纪录片以美食为窗口向世界介绍中国，观众可以看到中国人通过食物热爱生活，新的一季不仅仅是对食物的介绍，也探索了中国人与食物的关系，任何想了解中国饮食文化的人都应该有一档舌尖上的节目．
【解答】（1）B．根据语境The dcumentary makes viewers lng fr hme and the tastes f childhd．可知《舌尖上的中国2》是纪录片．故选：B．
（2）B．根据语境bradcast n CCTV﹣1 frm April 18 t June 6这个节目播出的时间是从4月18日开始，故选：B．
（3）C．根据语境A Bite f China Seasn Tw，all abut the histry and culture f eating and cking in China可知本文主要叙述了中国食物的历史及文化，故选：C．
【点评】本题考查人生感悟类阅读理解。这类文章所涉及的人生道理和感悟也许平常我们在做这类阅读题的时候可能见过，所以注意不要把自己的日常经验带到考试中．阅读这类题目，要注意阅读各段的首句和末句，因为往往它就是这段的中心句或者是作者的观点所在．One mnk shulders tw buckets f water.1
Tw mnks share the lad.2
Nne f the three mnks wants t carry water.3
One night，a sudden big fire brke ut.4
They wrk tgether t put ut the fire.5

One mnk shulders tw buckets f water.1
Tw mnks share the lad.2
Nne f the three mnks wants t carry water.3
One night，a sudden big fire brke ut.4
They wrk tgether t put ut the fire.5