上海八下英语期中培优卷-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（含答案与解析）（牛津上海版）

这是一份上海八下英语期中培优卷-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（含答案与解析）（牛津上海版），文件包含八年级英语下学期期中培优卷含细目表分析docx、八年级英语下学期期中培优卷细目表分析docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共25页， 欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共两部分，六大题，满分120分，考试时间90分钟。
2. 请务必在答题卡上答题，在试卷上答题无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
4．测试范围：八年级下册Unit 1-4。
5. 难度系数：0.7。
Part 1Grammar and Vcabulary
(第一部分语法和词汇)
I. Chse the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)
(本大题共 15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分。每题只有一个正确选项)
1．There ________ a sprts meeting if it desn’t rain tmrrw.
A．will haveB．will beC．is ging t hasD．is ging t have
2．—Remember t call me when yu get t Munt Tai.
—OK. I’ll call yu ______ I arrive there.
A．althughB．s thatC．as sn asD．because
3．Culd yu tell me which sectins ________?
A．will the chief editr chseB．the chief editr wuld chse
C．the chief editr will chseD．wuld the chief editr chse
4．—Wuld yu mind me ________ the channel?
—________. My favurite prgram is n the way.
A．t change; N prblemB．changing; Nt at all
C．t change; I’m afraid ntD．changing; Better nt
5．—Wh ________ the electric light lamp ________?
—Edisn.
A．was; inventedB．is; inventedC．was; invented byD．did; invented by
6．—Mary, culd yu help me?
—Wait a mment, I ________ in the kitchen.
A．read a bkB．did my hmewrk
C．was watching TVD．am cking dinner
7．—________ did the 2023 Wuxi Marathn finish?
—It ________ fr nearly ne mnth.
A．When; has finishedB．Hw lng; has been ver
C．When; has been verD．Hw lng; has finished
8．What ______ exciting trip t Binhai Park! We all enjyed urselves there!
A．aB．anC．theD．/
9．I’d like t pick sme apples. Culd yu get a ladder (梯子) and place it ________ the tree fr me?
A．verB．nC．againstD．in
10．We are sure we will win the basketball match and ________ can beat us.
A．nbdyB．everybdyC．smebdyD．anybdy
11．It was ________ fr us t slve the maths prblem. Few f us culd even understand it.
A．enugh easyB．easy enugh
C．enugh difficultD．difficult enugh
12．After the epidemic (疫情), humans start t believe being healthy is ________ thing in the wrld.
A．imprtantB．the least imprtant
C．mre imprtantD．the mst imprtant
13．—______ yu please rder tw tickets fr the mvie?
—Sure. I’ll rder them nline.
A．MustB．CuldC．NeedD．Shuld
14．—I called yu last night, but yu didn’t ________, Sam.
—Yeah. I ________ a shwer then.
A．put up; was takingB．pick up; was takingC．pick up; tkD．put up; tk
15．Since schls ffered after-schl service (服务), the students ________ three mre lessns after schl frm Mnday t Friday.
A．used t haveB．used t having
C．have been used t haveD．have been used t having
II. Chse the prper wrds in the bx t cmplete the fllwing passage. Each can be used nly nce (选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)
(本大题共 8 题，每题 1 分，共8 分，每题只有一个正确选项)
D yu want t live a happier, less stressful life? Try laughing fr n reasn at all.
That’s hw thusands f peple start their day at Laughter Clubs arund the wrld—and many dctrs nw think that having a gd laugh might be ne f the best ways t 16 healthy.
The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. “Yung children laugh abut 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day,” says Dr. Kataria. “Everyne is 17 gd at laughing. We want peple t feel happy with their lives.” There are nw mre than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and ver 1, 300 all ver the wrld.
Many dctrs are als interested in the 18 f laughter n ur health.
Accrding t a 5-year study at the UCLA Schl f Medicine in Califrnia, with laughing there is less stress in the bdy. Laughter imprves ur health 19 illness by abut 40%.
The helicpter is an unusual and useful machine. It can fly straight up in the air and stay in the place. Peple wished fr such a machine fr many years befre it was 20 invented.
The helicpters appeared in France back in the 1700s. A few years later, an English scientist, Sir Gerge Cayley, tried t use steam engines t run 21 helicpters. Fr mre than a hundred years, peple tried t make helicpters big enugh fr peple t fly in. By 1910, Igr Sikrsky 22 the wrld tw such helicpters. These 23 flew, but they did little mre than fly straight up and dwn. It was nt until 1940 that Sikrsky finally made a real, practical helicpter.
III.Cmplete the sentences with the given wrds in their prper frms
(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)(本大题共 8 题，共 8 分)
24．Our mnitr’s was t publish a newspaper by urselves. (suggest)
25．Eating t many sweets will be t yur teeth. (harm)
26．Yu can see a lt f n that rad every early mrning. (lrry)
27．The tw cmpanies mre cars this year than they did last year. (prduct)
28．Sandy desn’t like fishing. She is an girl. (patient)
29．Water, fire and electricity are gd in ur daily life. (serve)
30．Eating t much fd is harmful t ur health. (freeze)
31．Our teacher gave us an abut the cause f glbal warming. (explain)
IV.Cmplete the fllwing sentences as required (根据所给要求完成句子。每空格限填一词) (每题 2分，共 14分)
32．We shuld prtect ur envirnment by planting mre trees.（划线提问）
we prtect ur envirnment?
33．The Grade Eight students are planting trees ver there.（改为一般疑问句）
the Grade Eight Students trees ver there?
34．Danny did sme exercises yesterday. （改为否定句）
Danny any exercises yesterday.
35．“Is there magic in the wrld?” Rebeca asked her parents. (合并为一句)
Rebeca asked her parents there magic in the wrld r nt.
36．is, ur, city, than befre, beautiful, mre, much (连词成句)
.
37．Sam was s tired that he culdn’t cntinue driving the car. （保持句意不变）
Sam was tired cntinue driving the car.
38．We must thank Jenny. She helped ur sn with his English. (保持句意不变)
We must thank Jenny ur sn with his English.
Part 2Reading and Writing
(第二部分读和写)
V.Reading cmprehensin (阅读理解)(本大题共 25 题，共 50分)
A. Chse the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案)(12 分)
The Ls Angeles River was nce a wnderful water surce fr the peple f Ls Angeles. But the river system was destryed in the 1930s. In 1986, pet Lewis MacAdams tk the first steps t “repair” it. T further save the river, Friends f the Ls Angeles River (FLAR) was then brn. We have wrked fr mre than thirty years t “repair” the river system.
—JOIN US NOW—
Welcme t Our River Mvement!
There are mre ways than ever t jin ur River Mvement. FLAR creates chances fr every citizen in Ls Angeles t save the Ls Angeles River.
The Great L.A．River Cleanup
Each April, FLAR’s Great L.A．River Cleanup brings vlunteers acrss Ls Angeles tgether t clean up ur great river. We began with nly ten vlunteers. Over the past years, that number has grwn t 7,000. In all, we have remved 800 tns f trash frm the river system.
LEARN MORE AND SIGN UP (Click here)
Year-Rund Vlunteer Events fr Individuals (个人)
Missed the Cleanup but still want t lend a helping hand? FLAR runs lts f ther vlunteer events fr individuals. Check ut ur Events Calendar t find ut what’s cming up.
VIEW EVENTS CALENDAR (Click here)
River Makers
River Makers is yur chance t bring yur cmpany r team t clean the Ls Angeles River. FLAR partners(同……合作) with grups f all sizes. We can’t wait t wrk with yu t plan a great vlunteer event!
LEARN MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS (Click here)
Call us at 1323-223-0585
Office hurs: 10 am—4 pm, Mnday t Friday
39．Accrding t the article, FLAR is a(an) ________.
A．reading clubB．public health prgramme
C．envirnmental rganizatinD．famus publisher f pems
40．When was FLAR set up?
A．In 1986.B．In the 1930s.C．Ten years ag.D．Thirty years ag.
41．The Great L.A．River Cleanup is held ________.
A．nce a yearB．nce a mnthC．thirty times a yearD．nce every thirty years
42．Accrding t the article, hw many vlunteers nw take part in FLAR’s Great L.A．River Cleanup?
A．Abut 10.B．Abut 800.C．Abut 7,000D．Mre than 20,000.
43．Jasn wants t clean the Ls Angeles River tgether with his emplyees this summer. If he wants t d this with the help f FLAR, he might ________.
①call 1323-223-0585
②click n “VIEW EVENTS CALENDAR”
③click n “LEARN MORE AND SIGN UP”
④click n “LEARN MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS”
A．①②
B．②③
C．③④
D．①④
44．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the article?
A．FLAR’s River Mvement is t all the rivers in the USA．
B．FLAR has vlunteer activities fr individuals all year rund.
C．FLAR partners nly with grups f large sizes.
D．FLAR’s events are all rganized with the supprt f the lcal gvernment.
B.Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)(12 分)
Mrs Li, the English teacher, gave the class a writing assignment. “Write smething in sme way related t summer vacatin,” she said. “Be as 45 as yu can. But,” the teacher added, “make sure yu use prper spelling and grammar.”
That night Jim sat at his desk at hme and 46 a blank sheet f paper. He didn’t want t write abut his summer vacatin as usual. What culd he write abut, except a dg, a water park, and tw weeks f camp? Bring... He’d actually been happy t get back t schl.
S he wrte what he wanted. Nt an essay at all but a shrt stry, science fictin. It was abut a distant 47 that didn’t have summer—it was spring all the time. And it didn’t have vacatins either. The aliens wrked 24 hurs a day. They wished they had vacatins.
The next mrning he handed in the stry, but later that night he 48 awake until 3 a.m., thinking, “Why did I d that? Will Mrs Li think I ignred the assignment?” English was his favrite class. Maybe he wuld beg Mrs Li fr a chance t write anther ne, the srt she wanted.
But when he gt t class the fllwing day, it turned ut that Mrs Li had already read and graded the essays.
The teacher said, “I’m ging t pass back yur summer vacatin writing 49 . But befre that, I’m afraid I’ve gt sme rather harsh wrds t say. Almst everyne in class simply wrte an essay abut his r her summer everyne.”
“This is bad,” Jim thught, “I’m getting an F, I knw it.”
“But,” the teacher cntinued, “ne f yu had the curage t be as imaginative as I asked yu t be. Jim Martin was the nly ne wh gt an A n the assignment.”
Jim culdn’t 50 .
45．A．carefulB．thughtfulC．creativeD．fast
46．A．wrte nB．lked atC．wrked nD．thught ver
47．A．planetB．placeC．planeD．pint
48．A．liedB．layC．laidD．lain
49．A．sner r laterB．every nw and then
C．fr the time beingD．in a minute
50．A．believe his earsB．turn a deaf ear
C．jump ut f his skinD．call it a day
C.Fill in the blanks with prper wrds (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)(14分)
The human bdy is a cmplex machine. Frm the day we were brn, ur bdies grw and change in respnse t ur e 51 , diet, and habits. The bdy has many different rgan systems and parts that wrk tgether t allw us t breathe, mve, see, talk, and digest fd all at the same time. Mst f the time we dn’t care what is happening in ur bdies; usually it is nly when we get sick r feel pain that we ntice.
Many peple d nt take enugh care f their cmplex machines. Bad habits like smking, drinking t much alchl, and eating junk fd damage ur bdies. Stress can als cause h 52 prblems. Peple wh wrry a lt r have busy jbs ften dn’t get enugh sleep, r dn’t eat prperly. We als damage ur bdies by playing sprts r having accidents. B 53 , a recent survey in the U.K. fund that 14 percent f peple had visited a hspital clinic in the previus three mnths. The tw mst c 54 reasns were fr injury and pisning.
Just like any machine, different bdy parts smetimes g wrng frm ld age. In fact, a study in the U.S. fund that 60 percent t 70 percent f all patients in the Emergency Rm were aged 75 r ver. Luckily, lder peple wh s 55 frm an illness r injury can nw receive treatment t help extend their lives. Due t the increase in the ppulatin f elderly peple, gerntlgy (老年医学) is nw ne f the fastest g 56 areas f medicine. It is nw cmmn fr lder peple with damaged jints, fr example, t have surgery t replace the ld jint with a new ne made f plastic r metal.
As with any machine, the better yu take care f it, the lnger it will last. Of curse, the best way t take care f yur amazing machine is t eat the right fds, d sprts r 57 , and get enugh sleep.
Oh, and dn’t frget t smile!
D. Answer the questins (根据短文内容回答问题) (12 分)
A day in the life f a heart surgen
I have been wrking at Papwrth Hspital in Cambridge fr the past 20 years. My day starts at 5:30, when I have tw cups f black cffee while listening t the radi. Recently, I’ve been using the mrning t wrk n a bk I’m currently writing. I’ m in the hspital just befre 8:00. If it’s a nice day, I’ll cycle the fifteen miles t my ffice, but my favurite way f getting t wrk is n my mtrbike.
My weekdays are divided int perating and nn-perating days. Mnday and Tuesday are my perating days and I like t cme in early and stay late t check the prgress f my patients. During the rest f the weekdays, I’m in clinics r ding research.
On a typical perating day, I will cnduct tw t three peratins. Sme f the cmplex (复杂的) peratins can take as lng as ten t twelve hurs. In certain cases, I think abut them days, r even weeks, in advance.
Last week, I had ne f these cases which tk a lt f thinking thrugh befrehand. The patient was a yung man wh had a rare cngenital heart abnrmality (先天性心脏畸形).
He needed an peratin urgently, r he wuld die. I planned the peratin in my head while at the dentist’s.
Like many ther dctrs, I am always n call fr my patients. When I d get t have sme time t myself, I enjy creating crsswrd puzzles (纵横填字游戏). I even make them fr The Guardian (卫报) !
Answer the questins:
58．When did the authr start t wrk at Papwrth Hspital?

59．Hw far is it frm the authr’s hme t the hspital?

60．What is the authr’s favurite way f ging t his ffice?

61．The authr spends Wednesday t Friday in clinics r ding research, desn’t he?

62．Why did the authr think abut the peratin while he was at the dentist’s?

63．What kind f persn is the authr? List at least tw pints.

Ⅵ.Writing (作文) (本大题共 1 题，共 25分)
64．Writing a passage f at least 60 wrds abut the tpic “My mst exciting day”. (以“最令我激动的一天”为题，写一篇至少60个词的短文，要求意思明确，内容连贯，标点符号不占格) (注意：文中不得出现任何姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分)
Suggested questins (以下问题仅供参考)
(1) When was yur mst exciting day?
(2) What did yu d n that day?
(3) Why was it the mst exciting day ?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A．get B．naturally C． effects D．against E. stay
A．finally B．appeared C． machines D．shwed E. larger
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨的话就会有运动会。
考查动词的时态。根据“if it desn’t rain tmrrw.”可知，这里是if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句是there be句型的一般将来时，不能出现have。故选B。
2．C
【详解】句意：——到了泰山记得给我打电话。——好的。我一到那里就给你打电话。
考查连词辨析。althugh虽然；s that目的是；as sn as一……就；because因为。根据“I’ll call arrive there”可知是一到那里就打电话，用as sn as引导时间状语从句。故选C。
3．C
【详解】句意：你能告诉我主编会选哪个版块吗？
考查宾语从句。宾语从句需要用陈述语序，排除AD选项；主句是表示委婉的语气，不是一般过去时，所以从句不需要用过去将来时，排除B，故选C。
4．D
【详解】句意：——你介意我换个频道吗？——最好不要。我最喜欢的节目马上就要开始了。
考查非谓语动词和情景交际。N prblem没问题；Nt at all一点也不；I’m afraid nt恐怕不行；Better nt最好不要。第一个空，mind sb ding sth“介意某人做某事”是固定搭配，填动名词changing“换”，排除A和C。第二个空，根据“My favurite prgram is n the way.”可知，应该说“最好不要（换频道）”，所以B不正确。故选D。
5．C
【详解】句意：——电灯是谁发明的？——爱迪生。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。the electric light lamp与invent构成被动语态，be invented by“由……发明的”，固定句式，又因为电灯是在过去被发明的，为一般过去时，be用was，故选C。
6．D
【详解】句意：——玛丽，你能帮我吗？——等一下，我正在厨房做饭。
考查情景交际和时态。read a bk读一本书，一般现在时/一般过去时；did my hmewrk做作业，一般过去时；was watching TV正在看电视，过去进行时；am cking dinner正在做饭，现在进行时。根据语境可知，询问对方是否可以帮助自己，此处对方回答等一下，可推测此处是对方现在正在厨房做饭，时态应为现在进行时，D选项“正在做饭”符合语境。故选D。
7．C
【详解】句意：——2023年无锡马拉松何时结束？——已经结束将近一个月了。
考查特殊疑问词及现在完成时用法。When何时；Hw lng多长时间。根据“ the 2023 Wuxi Marathn finish? 可知，finish为短暂性动词，应用when提问；再根据“fr nearly ne mnth.”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+dne，且句中动词用延续性动词，finish对应的延续性动词为be ver。故选C。
8．B
【详解】句意：多么令人兴奋的滨海公园之旅啊！我们在那里都玩得很开心！
考查冠词辨析。a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指。根据“exciting trip”可知，这是可数名词单数，泛指一次旅行，且exciting为元音音素开头的单词。故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：我想摘一些苹果。你能帮我拿个梯子靠在树上吗？
考查介词。ver在……上；n在……上；against反对，倚靠；in在……内。根据句意可知，此处应该是用介词against，表示“拿个梯子靠在树上”。故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：我们确信我们会赢得这场篮球赛，没有人能打败我们。
考查代词辨析。nbdy没有人；everybdy每个人；smebdy某人；anybdy任何人。根据“We are sure we will win the basketball match”可知确信自己会赢得比赛，所以是没有人能打败我们。故选A。
11．D
【详解】句意：对我们来说解这道数学题已经够难的了，几乎没有人能理解。
考查形容词辨析以及enugh用法。easy容易的；difficult困难的。根据“Few f us culd even understand it.”可知，几乎没有人能理解，所以数学题应是很难，且enugh修饰形容词应当后置。故选D。
12．D
【详解】句意：在疫情之后，人们开始相信保持健康是世界上最重要的事情。
考查形容词最高级。imprtant重要的；the least imprtant最不重要的；mre imprtant更重要的；the mst imprtant最不重要的。根据“After the epidemic (疫情), humans start t believe being healthy...”和“in the wrld”可知，空处应填比较级，应是疫情之后，人们觉得健康是最重要的，故选D。
13．B
【详解】句意：——您能订两张电影票吗？——当然。我会在网上订购。
考查情态动词。Must必须，表示主观上的一定要；Culd能够，用在句首表示非常委婉、客气地征得对方同意；Need需要，语气没有must强烈；Shuld应该，表示责任和义务。根据“Sure. I’ll rder them nline.”可知，问句是在请求帮助，语气很委婉，故选B。
14．B
【详解】句意：——山姆，我昨晚给你打电话，但你没接。——哦。我那时正在洗澡。
考查动词短语和时态。put up张贴；pick up拿起；was taking过去进行时；tk一般过去时。根据“I called yu last night, but yu didn’t…”可知此处是指打电话没接，所以第一空用pick up。根据“called yu last night, but yu didn’t…”和“then”可知此处表达打电话的时刻，山姆正在做某事，用过去进行时态was taking。故选B。
15．D
【详解】句意：自从学校提供课后服务后，学生们已经习惯了周一至周五放学后多上三节课。
考查动词短语及时态。be used t ding sth.习惯做某事；used t d sth.过去常常做某事。根据“Since schls ffered after-schl service (服务),”可知，此句应用现在完成时，排除A和B。根据“the students…three mre lessns after schl frm Mnday t Friday.”可知，指学生已经习惯了每天多上三节课。故选D。
16．E 17．B 18．C 19．D
【导语】本文介绍了笑声俱乐部的由来，告诉我们当自己处于压力时，可以笑一笑来缓解自己的压力。
16．句意：现在许多医生认为开怀大笑可能是保持健康的最好方法之一。根据语法结构可知该空需要一个动词原形，根据所给出的备选词汇可知“stay保持”符合语境，stay healthy意为“保持健康”，故选E。
17．句意：每个人都天生擅长于笑。根据语法结构可知该空需要一个副词来修饰形容词gd，根据所给出的备选词汇可知“naturally天生地”符合语境，故选B。
18．句意：许多医生也对笑对我们健康的影响感兴趣。根据语法结构可知该空需要填一个名词，根据所给出的备选词汇可知“effects影响”符合语境，故选C。
19．句意：笑可以使我们的健康与疾病相比提高40% 。根据“ by abut 40%.”所给出的备选词汇可知“against与…相比较，预防”符合语境，故选D。
20．A 21．E 22．D 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了直升机的发明历史。
20．句意：在这种机器最终被发明出来之前，人们盼望了很多年。结合“befre it was…invented”和备选项可知，句子缺少副词，finally“最后”，副词，作状语，符合语境。故选A。
21．句意：几年后，英国科学家乔治·凯利爵士尝试用蒸汽机来驱动更大的直升机。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个形容词；结合“use steam engines t run …helicpters”和备选项可知，此处是指用蒸汽机来驱动更大的直升机，larger“更大的”，作定语修饰名词helicpters，符合语境。故选E。
22．句意：到1910年，伊戈尔·西科斯基向世界展示了两架这样的直升机。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个动词作谓语；结合“…the wrld tw such helicpters”和备选项可知，此处考查shw sb. sth.“向某人展示……”，动词短语，shwed“展示”，动词，符合语境。故选D。
23．句意：这些机器会飞，但它们只是直线上下飞行。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个名词作主语；结合“tw such helicpters”和备选项可知，此处是指这些机器，machines“机器”，名词复数，符合语境。故选C。
24．suggestin
【详解】句意：我们班长的建议是我们自己出版一份报纸。suggest“建议”是动词。名词所有格mnitr’s后修饰名词，所以空格处应填suggest的名词形式suggestin“建议”，由was可知，空格处应填suggestin的单数形式。故填suggestin。
25．harmful
【详解】句意：吃太多甜食对你的牙齿有害。harm“伤害”。根据“Eating t many sweets will yur teeth”可知，be harmful t“对……有害”。 故填harmful。
26．lrries
【详解】句意：每天一大早你都能在那条路上看到很多卡车。lrry“卡车”，可数名词。a lt f“很多”修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填lrries。
27．prduce
【详解】句意：这两家公司今年生产的汽车比去年多。根据“The tw cars this year than they did last year.”可知，空处缺少谓语动词，prduct为名词，动词形式为prduce，时态为一般现在时，主语tw cmpanies为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填prduce。
28．impatient
【详解】句意：桑迪不喜欢钓鱼。她是个不耐烦的女孩。patient“有耐心的”，根据“Sandy desn’t like fishing.”可知，她是一个没有耐心的女孩，impatient“没有耐心的”，形容词作定语修饰名词girl。故填impatient。
29．services
【详解】句意：水、火、电在我们日常生活中是良好的服务。serve“服务”是动词，此处gd是形容词，后加名词，serve的名词是service，主语“Water, fire and electricity”表示复数，所以此处应用service的复数形式。故填services。
30．frzen
【详解】句意：吃太多的冷冻食品对我们的健康有害。freeze“冷冻”，动词，空处修饰名词fd应用形容词形式，frzen“冷冻的”作定语。故填frzen。
31．explanatin
【详解】句意：我们的老师给我们解释了全球变暖的原因。explain“解释”，动词，空处不定冠词an修饰可数名词explanatin“解释”。故填explanatin。
32． Hw shuld
【详解】句意：我们应该种植更多的树来保护环境。根据“by planting mre trees”可知，对方式提问用特殊疑问词hw，位于句首，首字母大写；shuld提到主语前构成疑问句。故填Hw；shuld。
33． Are planting
【详解】句意：八年级的学生正在那边种树。考查一般疑问句，此时若原句中有be动词或情态动词，应直接放于句首。根据“are planting”可知，此时第一空应填are，其首字母a要大写，第二空应填planting。故填Are；planting。
34． didn’t d
【详解】句意：Danny昨天做了一些练习。根据“”可知变否定句时借助didn’t，后加动词原形d“做”。故填didn’t；d。
35． whether was
【详解】句意：“世界上有魔法吗？”丽贝卡问她的父母。根据题干要求，合并为一句话后是一个含宾语从句的复合句子。意思是“丽贝卡问她的父母世界上是否有魔法”。原句引号部分是一般疑问句，合并后宾语从句要恢复陈述句语序，用whether作为连接词。主句部分由asked推断为一般过去时，从句相应的用一般过去时。故填whether；was。
36．Our city is much mre beautiful than befre
【详解】根据所给标点可知，应用陈述句形式，分析所给单词，ur city作主语，is作谓语，mre beautiful作表语，此时形容词比较级前可以用much修饰，表程度，即为much mre beautiful，than befre应放于比较级之后。故填Our city is much mre beautiful than befre“我们的城市比以前漂亮多了”。
37． t t
【详解】句意：萨姆太累了，不能继续开车了。原句是引导的结果状语从句，可以转换成的结构，表示“太累了而不能继续开车”，故填t，t。
38． fr helping
【详解】句意：我们必须感谢珍妮。她帮助我们的儿子学习英语。此处可表达为“因为帮助我们儿子学习英语而感谢珍妮”，用结构thank sb. fr ding sth.，help的动名词为helping。故填fr；helping。
39．C 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．D 44．B
【导语】本文介绍了FLAR组织，并呼吁大家加入FLAR来保护河流。
39．推理判断题。根据“Friends f the Ls Angeles River (FLAR) was then brn. We have wrked fr mre than thirty years t “repair” the river system.”可知，这是一个环保组织。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“We have wrked fr mre than thirty years t ‘repair’ the river system.”可知，这个组织已经花了三十多年的时间来“修复”河流系统。说明它成立于三十多年前，故选D。
41．细节理解题。根据“Each April, FLAR’s Great L.A. River Cleanup brings vlunteers acrss Ls Angeles tgether t clean up ur great river.”可知，洛杉矶河流大清理是每年四月举行一次。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据“We began with nly ten vlunteers. Over the past years, that number has grwn t 7,000.”可知，目前志愿者增长到了7000人。故选C。
43．细节理解题。题干说明杰森想和他的员工一起清理洛杉矶河流，而不是个人，所以根据“River Makers is yur chance t bring yur cmpany r team t clean the Ls Angeles MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS (Click here)”和“Call us at 1323-223-0585”可知，他可以拨打1323-223-0585或点击“LEARN MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS”。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据“Year-Rund Vlunteer Events fr Individuals (个人)”可知，FLAR全年都有个人志愿者活动。故选B。
45．C 46．B 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．A
【导语】本文讲述了李老师给学生们布置了一次写作任务，学生Jim写了一则短篇科幻故事，他原以为老师会给他的写作评“F”，没想到最后Jim的写作竟得了“A”。
45．句意：尽你所能发挥创造力。
careful认真的；thughtful体贴的；creative有创造力的；fast迅速的。根据下文“‘But,’ the teacher cntinued, ‘ne f yu had the curage t be as imaginative as I asked yu t be...’”可知，老师要求学生发挥想象力，即要尽可能地有创造性。故选C。
46．句意：那天晚上，Jim坐在家里的书桌前，看着一张白纸。
wrte n在……上写字；lked at看；wrked n从事，继续工作；thught ver仔细考虑。根据“That night Jim sat at his desk at hme blank sheet f paper. He didn’t want t write abut his summer vacatin as usual. What culd he write abut, except a dg, a water park, and tw weeks f camp?”可知，Jim坐在桌前，看着一张白纸，不知道要写什么。故选B。
47．句意：这有关于一个没有夏天的遥远星球——那里一直都是春天。
planet行星；place地方；plane飞机；pint观点。根据下文“The aliens wrked 24 hurs a day.”可知，此处应是指“星球或行星”。故选A。
48．句意：第二天早上他上交了那个故事，但那天晚上晚些时候，他醒着躺在那里，一直到凌晨3点。
lied说谎（过去式）；lay躺（过去式）；laid铺放（过去式）；lain躺（过去分词）。 根据“later that night until 3 a.m.”可知，那天晚上他醒着躺在那里，一直到凌晨3点。句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式lay。故选B。
49．句意：我一会儿就会把你们的暑假作文传回去。
sner r later迟早；every nw and then偶尔；fr the time being暂时；in a minute一会儿，很快。根据上文“But when he gt t class the fllwing day, it turned ut that Mrs Li had already read and graded the essays.”可知，老师已经阅读过学生写的作文并给作文评分了，所以很快就会把作文发回给学生。故选D。
50．句意：Jim不敢相信自己的耳朵。
believe his ears相信他的耳朵；turn a deaf ear充耳不闻；jump ut f his skin吓了一大跳；call it a day到此为止。根据“‘This is bad,’ Jim thught, ‘I’m getting an F, I knw it.’”和“the teacher cntinued, ‘ne f yu had the curage t be as imaginative as I asked yu t be. Jim Martin was the nly ne wh gt an A n the assignment.’”可知，Jim原以为自己写的作文会得“F”，没想到老师说Jim是唯一一个在本次作文任务中得了“A”的人，所以Jim感到很惊讶，他简直不敢相信自己的耳朵，即不敢相信自己听到的话。故选A。
51．(e)nergy 52．(h)ealth 53．(B)esides 54．(c)mmn 55．(s)uffer 56．(g)rwing 57．(r)egularly
【导语】本文主要介绍了人类身体的相关内容，包括身体如何工作，出现健康问题的原因以及如何更好地照顾身体等。
51．句意：从我们出生的那一天起，我们的身体就随着我们的能量、饮食和习惯而生长和变化。本句讲述造成身体变化的各种因素，结合首字母e可知，energy“能量；力量”符合语境，不可数名词。故填(e)nergy。
52．句意：压力也会导致健康问题。根据“Bad habits like smking, drinking t much alchl, and eating junk fd damage ur bdies. Stress can als cause...”可知，此处指不良的生活习惯和压力都会出现健康问题。health“健康”，不可数名词。故填(h)ealth。
53．句意：此外，英国最近的一项调查发现，14%的人在过去三个月内去过医院诊所。设空处后内容补充讲述其它说明身体出问题的情况。besides“此外”，副词，位于句首字母b大写。故填(B)esides。
54．句意：最常见的两个原因是受伤和中毒。结合首字母c可知，此处指常见的就医原因。cmmn“普通的；常见的”，形容词作定语。故填(c)mmn。
55．句意：幸运的是，患有疾病或受伤的老年人现在可以接受治疗，以帮助延长他们的生命。suffer frm“受折磨；受害于”，本句时态为一般现在时，主语指代lder peple为复数名词，所以动词用原形。故填(s)uffer。
56．句意：由于老年人口的增加，老年医学现在是医学发展最快的领域之一。根据“It is nw cmmn fr lder r metal.”并结合首字母g可知，老年医学增速很快。grwing“增长的；增加的”，形容词作定语。故填(g)rwing。
57．句意：当然，照顾你这台神奇机器的最好方法是吃正确的食物，定期运动，并获得足够的睡眠。根据首字母r可知，此处有规律的运动有助于身体健康。设空处应用副词形式修饰动词，regularly“定期地；规律地”。故填(r)egularly。
58．Twenty years ag. 59．Fifteen miles. 60．By mtrbike. 61．Yes, he des. 62．Because the patient needed an peratin urgently, r he wuld die. 63．The authr is a respnsible dctr and he enjys his wrk very much.
【导语】本文主要介绍了一名心脏外科医生的一天。
58．根据“I have been wrking at Papwrth Hspital in Cambridge fr the past 20 years.”可知，作者20年前就在帕普沃斯医院工作。故填Twenty years ag.
59．根据“If it’s a nice day, I’ll cycle the fifteen miles t my ffice”可知，作者的家到医院有15英里。故填Fifteen miles.
60．根据“my favurite way f getting t wrk is n my mtrbike.”可知，作者最喜欢的上班方式是骑摩托车。故填By mtrbike.
61．根据“Mnday and Tuesday are my perating days”和“During the rest f the weekdays, I’m in clinics r ding research.”可知，周一和周二是手术日；在工作日的其他时间里，他在诊所或做研究。此处应进行肯定回答。故填Yes, he des.
62．根据“He needed an peratin urgently, r he wuld die. I planned the peratin in my head while at the dentist’s.”可知，因为该病人急需做手术，否则他会死，所以作者在看牙医时头脑里在盘算这个手术。
63．根据“In certain cases, I think abut them days, r even weeks, in advance.”可知，作者在某些手术案例上，会提前几天、甚至几个星期来考虑手术方案，说明作者是一名负责人的医生；再根据“I have been wrking at Papwrth Hspital in Cambridge fr the past 20 years.”和“Like many ther dctrs, I am always n call fr my patients.”可知，作者的从医年限及工作态度说明他很喜欢自己的工作。故填The authr is a respnsible dctr and he enjys his wrk very much.
64．例文：
I can still remember the day when I first went t the z. That’s the mst exciting day I’ve never had. It was a fine day. When I gt t the z, I just culdn’t wait t see the animals. There were s many animals in it, such as mnkeys, tigers, lins, bears, elephants, pandas and s n. All f them were in the cages. The mnkeys were naughty. Tigers and lins made me scared. And the pandas were s lvely. I was s excited that day because I was clse t animals.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意围绕“信息提示”介绍最兴奋的一天是什么时候，讲述那天做了什么，谈谈为什么那天是最激动人心的一天。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍最兴奋的一天是什么时候；
第二步，讲述那天做了什么；
第三步，谈谈为什么那天是最激动人心的一天。
[亮点词汇]
① get t 到达
② can’t wait t d sth 迫不及待做某事
③ such as 例如
[高分句型]
① I was s excited that day because I was clse t animals.（使用because引导原因状语从句）
② When I gt t the z, I just culdn’t wait t see the animals.（使用when引导时间状语从句）