高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope多媒体教学ppt课件

省略

[观察例句]

1．It is just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines，as well as one of the deepest (lines)．

2．My office is only on the third floor of the building，so (it is) quite low.

3．He is going to his uncle's (house)．

4．(Is there) Anything wrong?

5．Her job is to take care of the elders and (to) wash their clothes.

6．The child wanted to play in the street，but her mother told her not to(play in the street)．

7．— Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

— I'd like to (come to dinner tonight)．But I'm too busy.

8．To some smile is very easy，and to others (smile is) so hard.

9．Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won't (sweep the floor)．

10．The baby closed his eyes as if (he were) to sleep.

[归纳用法]

一、状语从句中的省略

在as if，if，though，when，where，while，no matter what，until等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。

When (she was) very young，she began to learn to play the piano.

在她很小的时候，她就开始学弹钢琴。

Don't come in until(you are) asked to.

不叫你时，请你不要进来。

He did as(he had been) told.

他按照被告知的那样去做了。

Though(they were)tired，they went on working.

虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。

二、动词不定式的省略

1．感官动词see，hear，feel，watch等和使役动词have，make，let等后接不定式时，不定式省略to。

They made the boy go to bed early.

他们强迫这个男孩早睡。

2．do nothing but，can't help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。

We didn't do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday.

昨天，我们没做任何事，只是在家看电视。

3．在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be，have时要保留be和have。

My parents encouraged me to go to college，but I didn't want to.

我父母鼓励我去上大学，但我不想去。

—Are you a teacher?

——你是老师吗？

—No，but I used to be(a teacher)．

——不，但我以前是。

三、简单句中的省略

感叹句中常省略主语和谓语；在一些口语中可以省略某些句子成分。

What a hot day(it is)！多热的天啊！

How wonderful (it is)！多精彩啊！

—(Will you)Have a smoke?

——你抽烟吗？

—No.Thanks.

——不。谢谢。

We have nothing to do now but wait.

我们现在除了等没有别的事可做。

Why (do you) talk so much about it?

关于这件事为什么说这么多呢？

四、并列句中的省略

1．如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的部分。

2．主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则两者均可以省略。

3．主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语。

4．在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其他一些成分与第一个并列句相同时，这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。

John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.

约翰一定在踢球，而玛丽一定在做作业。

Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while，but (he)soon returned to his old ways.

老麦克唐纳戒了一阵子烟，可很快又抽上了。

五、常用的省略结构

[名师点津]

省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息而省略句中的一个或者几个句子成分并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略和替代一样，也是避免重复、突出关键词语并使上下文紧密连接。只要不损害语法结构或产生歧义，能省略就应省略。尤其在对话中，它是一种普遍的现象，因为它有助于语言上的简洁。所涉及的省略情况一般有：词的省略、句子成分的省略、多个成分的同时省略等。

[即时训练]　在括号里写出句子省略的成分。

1．We are delighted (that) you can come.

2．It happened on the day (when) we first met.

3．I hope to finish my job and (to) go back home.

4．(Does) anyone want a drink?

5．What we could do was (to) get away.

6．The suggestion has been made that the football game (should) be put off.

7．You may come to see me (at) any time between 4 and 5 in the afternoon.

8．(I) beg your pardon.

9．Just (wait) a moment please!

10．He spent part of the money and the rest (of the money) he saved.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．— I won't do it any more.

—Why not?

2．Although told (tell) to stop，he kept on working.

3．—Will you waste your time and money on that?

— Certainly not．

4．— What's Joan doing?

— Reading (read) newspapers in the room.

5．— Can you climb that tree，my boy?

— Me (I) ?

6．Some people are against the plan but more (many) support it.

7．—I'll be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?

—Not at all.I'd be happy to．

8．Someone has used my mobile phone，but I don't know who．

Ⅱ.短文语法填空

Each time you call 1.up your family，do you think this invention made by the distinguished 2.inventor (invent) Bell can have such a great effect on our life?

3．As we all know，the telephone is one of the most welcome and useful inventions.No wonder more and more families have got to use their own telephones today.The telephone makes things 4.convenient (convenience) in many ways.Especially，after the mobile telephone appears，communication becomes 5.easier (easy) and rapider.To students and people going out for business far away from their homes，the telephone can 6.shorten (short) the distance between them and their families.Thus they 7.will get (get)comfort whenever they are homesick or they run 8.into trouble.With the help of the telephone，people can keep in touch with anyone at any time and in any place for urgent help.

In 9.a word，the telephone is so helpful that we can say that nowadays we can not live without the telephone in our daily life.We will further improve the performance of the telephone so as 10.to create (create) better conditions for its development.