(译林版)2020版高考英语一轮习第1部分：语言知识 必修3 Unit 3　能力提升题组训练（B）(含解析)

www.ks5u.com能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018扬州大市高三二模)Walls and wall building have played a very important role in Chinese culture.In ancient times,not only towns and villages,but also the houses and the temples were surrounded with walls.Also,the houses had no windows overlooking the street.Thus, walking in a city would give the feeling of wandering around a huge maze (迷宫).The word “city” in Chinese also means “wall”.The god of walls and mounts,whose duty was,and still is,to protect and be responsible for the welfare of the residents in these cities,villages,houses and temples.So a great and extremely hard task such as constructing a wall,which was supposed to run the length of the country,might not sound absurd(荒诞的).However,it is indeed a common mistake to think of the Great Wall as a single building structure,and it would also be a mistake to assume that it was built during a single dynasty.Actually,several dynasties somehow contributed to the construction of the Great Wall,the foundations of which had been laid many centuries ago.It was during the fourth and third centuries BC that Warring States started building walls to protect their kingdoms,both against one another and against the northern nomads (游牧民族).The Great Wall played an important role in the growth of Chinese economy in history.Many settlements were established along the new border.Armies were instructed to reclaim (开垦) wasteland and to plant crops there.Also,roads and canals were built.All of the work greatly helped increase the country’s trade and cultural exchanges with many remote areas and also with the southern,central and western parts of Asia.1.According to the passage,constructing a wall running the length of the country 　　 　. A.was an order from the god of walls and mounts B.was a completely absurd taskC.might make sense within Chinese culture D.seriously prevented the spread of Chinese culture2.The second paragraph is mainly about 　  　　. A.how the Great Wall was constructed B.why the Great Wall is so popularC.how advanced the Great Wall was D.who should pay a visit to the Great Wall3.We can learn from the last paragraph that 　　　. A.most ancient people don’t like the Great WallB.the Great Wall promoted trade in China and abroad C.the Great Wall was most famous in the western part of AsiaD.people nowadays should protect the Great Wall for its use in trade语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,介绍了城墙在中国文化中的重要性及长城的建造及其在中国历史上对经济文化的促进。答案及剖析:1.C　推理判断题。由第一段尤其是最后一句So a great and extremely hard task such as constructing a wall,which was supposed to run the length of the country,might not sound absurd(荒诞的)可知选C。2.A　段落大意题。根据“it would also be a mistake to assume that it was built during a single dynasty.Actually,several dynasties somehow contributed to the construction of the Great Wall,the foundations of which had been laid many centuries ago.”可知,第二段主要讲述了长城是怎样建成的。故选A。3.B　细节理解题。根据“The Great Wall played an important role in the growth of Chinese economy in history.”和“All of the work greatly helped increase the country’s trade and cultural exchanges with many remote areas and also with the southern,central and western parts of Asia.”可知长城在中国历史上对经济的发展有着非常重要的作用,促进了中国与其他国家的贸易和文化交流。故选B。BMore students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年)before going to university.It used to be called the “year off”between school and university.The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.This year,25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year,according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS).That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year.Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education.“Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with,and complete,their chosen course.Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,”he said.But not everyone is happy.Owain James,the president of the National Union of Students(NUS),argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship-young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.“New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt.It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,”he said.4.What do we learn about the gap year from the text?A.It is flexible in length.       B.It is a time for relaxation.C.It is increasingly popular.   D.It is required by universities.5.According to Tony Higgins,students taking a gap year　　   　. A.are better prepared for college studies B.know a lot more about their future jobsC.are more likely to leave university in debt D.have a better chance to enter top universities6.How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?A.He’s puzzled.   B.He’s worried.C.He’s surprised.   D.He’s annoyed.7.What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?A.Attend additional courses.     B.Make plans for the new term.C.Earn money for their education. D.Prepare for their graduate studies.语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。现在越来越多的高中毕业生采取了“间隔年”的上学方式,即推迟一年再上大学,在此期间挣钱缴纳学费。文章也提到了人们对这种做法的不同观点。答案及剖析:4.C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的have put off their entry until next year可知是一年的时间,排除A项“时间长度是灵活的”。根据最后一段中的more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree可知,越来越多的学生利用间隔年来挣钱缴纳学费,排除B项“这是一段放松的时间”。间隔年不是大学要求的,因此排除D项。根据第一段的More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年)...和第三段的That is a record 14.7% increase...可知,间隔年越来越受学生们的欢迎,所以选C项。5.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with,and complete,their chosen course...可知,采用间隔年的学生对所选择的课程更加满意,更可能完成所选课程,故A项正确。B项“对他们将来的工作了解得更多”在文中未提及,可排除。根据最后一段可知,这些学生在间隔年里挣钱缴纳学费,故排除C项“更有可能在大学毕业的时候欠债”。根据第一段的第一句话可知,采用间隔年是在被大学录取之后,故排除D项“更有希望考入顶级大学”。 6.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的...the increase is evidence of student hardship—young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.可知,Owain James对间隔年现象很担忧,故B项正确。puzzled疑惑的;surprised吃惊的;annoyed生气的。7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的最后两句可知,越来越多的学生在间隔年中挣钱缴纳学费来获取他们的学位,故C项“为了他们的教育而挣钱”正确。A项“上额外的课程”,B项“为新学期做计划”,D项“为他们的毕业学习做准备”,在文中均未提及,故排除。Ⅱ.语法填空I sold a company in 2010.Everyone was 1.　　　　　　(extreme) proud of me,but no one knew the exact amount I made.In fact,I only made just over a hundred thousand dollars.I 2.　　　　　　(hide)the amount on purpose because I wanted to use all the money 3.　　　　　　(buy)my parents a house,and I knew that my parents would never accept me buying them a house with 4.　　　　　　 money from my sale.So with no one 5.　　　　　　(know),I used up my money and bought my parents a one-story house.I did this because they had been living in a small two-story house 6.　　　　　　 could no longer suit my sick dad who increasingly used a wheel chair. Everyone guessed I had made much money and that this 7.　　　　　　(be)one of many things I bought.In 8.　　　　　　(real),this was my dream gift.This gift allowed my dad to live through the rest of his life in dignity.Since then,I have made more money.My dad passed away,and my mom lives in that house,now full of great 9.　　　　　　(memory).We look back with great joy at those last few years with my dad,10.　　　　　　I’m glad I could make him as comfortable as possible. 答案及剖析:1.extremely　 考查副词。proud是形容词,形容词需要副词修饰,故应填extremely。2.hid　考查时态。叙述过去发生的事,用一般过去时。3.to buy　考查非谓语动词。use sth.to do sth.表示“用某物去做某事”。4.the　考查冠词。此处是特指,用定冠词the。5.knowing　考查非谓语动词。动词-ing形式用于with复合结构,作宾补;与逻辑主语no one是主动关系,表示逻辑主语的状态。6.that/which　考查关系代词。引导定语从句,修饰表示物的名词house,在从句中作主语。7.was　考查时态。由下文I bought可知应用一般过去时。8.reality　考查名词。in 是介词,后应跟名词。in reality实际上。9.memories　考查名词复数形式。memory在此处是可数名词,意为“回忆”,故应用复数。10.and　考查连词。由前后句意可知是并列关系,故应填and。Ⅲ.书面表达(2018扬州大市高三二模)如今,部分学生对单词记忆重视不够。英语作文中用词简单,甚至有拼写错误,影响意思的表达。最近,你的英语老师给同学们布置了一个讨论话题“How to memorize more words?”,请围绕这个话题,写一篇英语发言稿。注意:1.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;2.词数100左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数。Dear fellow students,Nowadays some of us don’t like memorizing more words.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        One possible version:Dear fellow students,Nowadays some of us don’t like memorizing more words. As a result,the compositions take on a worse look,such as limited words and spelling mistakes,which makes it hard to express our meanings clearly.Actually,it is of great significance to memorize more words when we are learning a foreign language.If we don’t accumulate abundant words,we can’t make rich sentences,with which to express our thoughts.As far as I’m concerned,we should attach great importance to vocabulary.It is better for us to remember a sentence so as to memorize new words.If we can memorize words with the help of their pronunciation,we will find it much easier to keep words in mind.So,let’s practice English as often as possible so that we will have a large vocabulary.