(译林版)2020版高考英语一轮习第1部分：语言知识 必修2 Unit 3　能力提升题组训练（B）(含解析)

www.ks5u.com能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解AYou must have heard of Tesla motors,but do you know Nicola Tesla? Born on 10th July 1856 in Croatia,in Eastern Europe.Tesla was interested in electricity from a very young age.In 1881,one of the first telephone exchanges opened in Budapest.Tesla moved there and got a job.It was here that Tesla first thought of the idea of the alternating current (交流电) (AC). In 1884,Tesla moved to America and worked for Thomas Edison.But Tesla worked for Edison for less than a year.Tesla was sure his AC motor was the best way to capture (获取) and transport the power of electricity.However,Edison thought his way of using direct current (DC) was better and considered AC to be unsafe.But soon the scientific community accepted AC was more powerful than DC and it was proved safe. In 1895,Tesla designed the first water power plant using the energy of the Niagara Falls.And he did it using the AC motor.After the success of AC,Tesla became well-known.He travelled and spoke to many scientists about his inventions and ideas.He built a large laboratory where he did amazing things with lights and electricity.However,it burned down not long after it was built. As Tesla got older,he continued to come up with new ideas and theories.But he was less successful and famous.Many people didn’t recognize that particular inventions were really Tesla’ s ideas.Tesla gave speeches about creating electrical power from the earth’s atmosphere. He also talked about ways that wireless electricity and communication could power things all over the world! But to the people of his time,these ideas sounded crazy. However,some of his ideas have now been supported by modern research and technology. Tesla’s last years were lonely and sad.He received many awards,but received very little money.When he died in 1943,he was no longer famous and felt forgotten. Today,not many people know the name of Nicola Tesla but his inventions and ideas affect our lives every day!1.Why did Tesla stop working for Edison?A.Tesla was badly paid there.  B.They had some disagreements. C.They had very different characters.  D.Tesla wanted to move back to Europe.2.In his later years,Tesla　　　. A.lived a colorful life               B.was misunderstood and doubtedC.was unable to think out new ideas   D.rose to fame as an award-winning inventor3.We can learn from the text that Tesla　　　. A.became famous as an assistant to Edison B.was ahead of modern technologyC.had great interest in travelling         D.was not good at speeches4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Nicola Tesla,a challenger for difficulties B.Nicola Tesla,a dreamer in scienceC.Nicola Tesla,a forgotten inventor D.Nicola Tesla,a strange scientist语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位被遗忘的伟大科学家和发明家尼古拉•特   斯拉。答案及剖析:1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中Tesla was sure his AC motor was the best way to capture (获取) and transport the power of electricity.However,Edison thought his way of using direct current (DC) was better and considered AC to be unsafe.But soon the scientific community accepted AC was more powerful than DC and it was proved safe.可知,特斯拉主张用交流电机传输电流,而爱迪生更看好自己的直流电,由此可推测,两人之间的分歧导致特斯拉不再继续为爱迪生工作。2.B　推理判断题。根据第四段的Many people didn’t recognize that particular inventions were really Tesla’s ideas及第五段的these ideas sounded crazy.可知,特斯拉在晚年遭受误解和质疑。3.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的However,some of his ideas have now been supported by modern research and technology.可知,Tesla走在了现代科技的前面。4.C　标题归纳题。文章首句以问句形式引出本文的主人公,文章结尾句Today,not many people know the name of Nicola Tesla but his inventions and ideas affect our lives every day!与首句相呼应,结合全文内容可知,特斯拉是一名伟大的发明家,然而却不被人们所铭记。由此可知C项作文章标题贴切。B(2018湖南湘潭高三三模)John Glenn,the first American to orbit the earth,died at 95,who was the last surviving member of a group known as “the Mercury Seven” test pilots who were chosen to become America’s first astronauts.Barack Obama released a statement about Glenn’s death:“Our nation has lost an icon and Michelle and I have lost a friend.”He praised Glenn for a lifetime of breaking barriers,including setting a transcontinental speed record and becoming the oldest man ever to go into space.He served as a military pilot in World WarⅡ and the Korean conflict.Then,he served as a test pilot on military airplanes.On February 20,1962,Glenn became the first American to orbit the earth.He flew a spacecraft named the Friendship 7.He orbited three times during the almost five-hour flight.In 1998,he also became the oldest man to fly in space.The United States space agency,NASA,wanted to study the possible effects of space travel on old people.NASA said that they already had so much information about Glenn,so he was perfect for it.Glenn was not only an astronaut but a politician.He was a member of the Democratic Party.He first sought political office in 1964,to represent Ohio in the US Senate.He withdrew from the race after an injury,however.He ran again six years later but didn’t win the party’s nomination.Finally,in 1974,on his third attempt,Ohio elected John Glenn to the US Senate.He remained a member of the US Senate until 1999.Later,Glenn helped to create a public service school at Ohio State University which became the John Glenn College of Public Affairs.5.What do we know about John Glenn?A.He became an astronaut in 1962.B.He became the first person to orbit the earth.C.He once made a long space flight around the earth.D.He was the last to be chosen as a member of the test pilots.6.The underlined word “icon” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “　　　”. A.hero    B.sign   C.partner  D.leader7.According to the text,NASA thought that Glenn was perfect for the study because 　　　. A.he was a soldier as well as a politician B.he orbited three times during the space flightC.they had already known much about his hobby D.he was an experienced old man in space flight语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了美国第一位环绕地球的宇航员John Glenn的生平。答案及剖析:5.C　细节理解题。根据“On February 20,1962,Glenn became the first American to orbit the earth.”可知A、B两项错误;根据...who was the last surviving member of a group known as “the Mercury Seven” test pilots who were chosen to become America’s first astronauts.可知Glenn是被挑选为美国第一批宇航员的测试飞行员中最后一个活着的成员,而不是最后被选择成为测试飞行员,故D项错误。根据“He orbited three times during the almost five-hour flight.”可知C项正确。6.A　词义猜测题。根据上下文可知此处表示“我们的民族失去了一位英雄,米歇尔和我失去了一位朋友”,由此可知该词与hero词义接近,故选A。7.D　推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句话可知NASA认为Glenn是这项研究的合适人选是因为这项研究是为了研究太空旅行对老人的影响而且他们很了解Glenn在太空飞行方面经验丰富,故选D。Ⅱ.语法填空Yangshuo,ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 1.　　　　 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn’t care.A few hours 2.　　　　,I’d been at home in Hong Kong,with 3.　　　　 (it) choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain. I’d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4.　　　　 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5.　　　　 (painting).Instead,I’d headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin,it’s only an hour away 6.　　　　 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo 7.　　　　 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8.　　　　 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it 9.　　　　 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10.　　　　 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 语篇解读:本文是一篇游记,记述了作者游览阳朔的所见、所闻、所感。答案及剖析:1.arrived　考查时态。由主句中的was和后一句中的didn’t可知,这里使用一般过去时态。2.before　考查副词。根据句意和I’d been at home的时态可知此处表示“几个小时前,我待在香港的家里”,“待在家里”应该是发生在过去动作arrived之前,故此处填before。3.its　考查代词。因为smog是名词,所以需要用it的形容词性物主代词形式。4.that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意和句子结构可知此处是一个定语从句,因为先行词是物,且引导词在定语从句中作主语,所以用that或which引导从句。5.paintings　考查名词的单复数。因为该词由so many修饰,所以用复数形式。6.by　考查介词。乘坐交通工具可用by表达,而且名词原形前不用冠词。7.is　考查主谓一致和时态。根据后文的时态可知这里使用一般现在时,介绍客观情况,又因为Yangshuo是第三人称单数,所以这里使用is。8.conducted　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此句的主干为A study of travelers names Yangshuo as one of the top...study和conduct之间为被动关系,所以使用过去分词作定语。9.regularly　考查形容词变副词。此处需要一个副词修饰动词arrange,表示“经常安排快捷的短假”。10.living　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空格处为非谓语动词,因为people与live之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式,作后置定语,此处表示“经常为生活在上海和香港的人安排快捷的短假”。Ⅲ.书面表达(2018 Learning English 51期)假设你是高三学生李华,你在某英文杂志社Help栏目中Talk with Mr.Helper的主持人Mr.Smith帮助下减轻了压力,目前在备考中一切顺利。现在请你给Mr.Smith写一封感谢信,要点包括:1.感谢Mr.Smith;2.如何减轻压力;目前学习状况;3.再次表达感谢。注意:1.词数100左右(信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Dear Mr.Smith,I’m Li Hua,a student that you helped three weeks ago.                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yours,Li HuaOne possible version:Dear Mr.Smith,I’m Li Hua,a student that you helped three weeks ago.I’m writing to express my deep appreciation of the kind help you offered to me.Having consulted you,I followed your advice on how to cope with stress.To begin with,I took some physical exercise,such as playing football.Additionally,by listening to music,I became relaxed.More importantly,I have changed my attitude toward exams.In the test held last week,I got the first place.Without your help,I wouldn’t have made such rapid progress.At present,although occupied with my studies,I manage to spare some time to participate in some social activities.I’m convinced that I’ll succeed in the coming exam.Again,I would like to express my warm thanks to you.Yours,Li Hua