北京市东城区2026届高三下学期二模英语试题 Word版含解析

这是一份北京市东城区2026届高三下学期二模英语试题 Word版含解析，文件包含北京东城区2025-2026学年度第二学期高三综合练习二英语试题原卷版docx、北京东城区2025-2026学年度第二学期高三综合练习二英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In high schl, I was the girl with the verstuffed backpack, which was filled with items I thught I might need but never ___1___ used: extra ntebks, a pack f markers, a first-aid kit, water bttles, and even a change f clthes. I was cnvinced that being ___2___ meant being weighed dwn.
I arrived n the cllege campus with the same versized backpack, and it wasn’t lng befre the physical harm became impssible t ___3___. My shulders and back ached cnstantly, and I even ___4___ scial events because I didn’t want t carry that heavy bag arund.
I knew I needed t make a change and decided t adpt the “One Bag Rule”: everything I needed fr the day had t fit int a small, lightweight backpack. At first, it was ___5___. I stared at piles f “essential” items, trying t decide what t leave behind. Finally, I replaced my heavy reference bks with a single ntebk. I dnated my extra water bttles and kept just ne. I even learned t live withut a first-aid kit, ___6___ that the campus health center was never t far away.
The ___7___ perid was tugh, but the rewards were immediate. My back pain disappeared within weeks. I mved faster thrugh the campus. I returned t scial events because my bag was n lnger a ___8___ — it was a cnvenience. But the biggest change was mental. When I stpped carrying arund a bag full f “what-ifs”, I started living mre ___9___, I n lnger felt the need t prepare fr every pssible disaster. That sense f ____10____ welled int every area f my life, giving me space t fcus n what truly matters.
1. A. graduallyB. merelyC. preciselyD. actually
2. A. preparedB. settledC. stuffedD. needed
3. A. reduceB. sufferC. cureD. ignre
4. A. delayedB. ruinedC. skippedD. filmed
5. A. unfairB. painfulC. disappintingD. useless
6. A. testingB. trustingC. explainingD. shwing
7. A. reflectinB. recveryC. adjustmentD. hesitatin
8. A. burdenB. failureC. chiceD. habit
9. A. n the gB. in the mmentC. by faithD. t the full
10. A. cnnectinB. gratitudeC. respnsibilityD. freedm
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【导语】文章讲述作者从高中到大学，一直习惯用超重背包携带所有“可能用到”的物品，导致身心俱疲；后来尝试“单包原则”精简物品，不仅身体舒适，更获得了精神自由，学会活在当下。
【1题详解】
考查副词。句意：高中时，我是那个背着塞得满满的背包的女孩，里面装满了我觉得可能需要但实际上从未用过的东西。A. gradually逐渐地；B. merely仅仅；C. precisely精确地；D. actually实际上。根据前文“items I thught I might need”与转折词“but”可知，这些东西“实际上”从未被使用。
【2题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我坚信，有所准备就意味着被重担压身。A. prepared准备好的；B. settled安定的；C. stuffed塞满的；D. needed需要的。根据前文“filled with items I thught I might need”可知，作者认为“准备充分”就要带很多东西。
【3题详解】
考查动词。句意：我背着同样超大的背包来到大学校园，不久后，这种身体上的伤害就变得无法忽视。A. reduce减少；B. suffer遭受；C. cure治愈；D. ignre忽视。根据后文“My shulders and back ached cnstantly”可知，身体的不适难以“忽视”。
【4题详解】
考查动词。句意：我的肩膀和后背一直疼，我甚至避开社交活动，因为我不想背着那个沉重的包到处走。A. delayed推迟；B. ruined毁掉；C. skipped避开；D. filmed拍摄。根据后文“because I didn’t want t carry that heavy bag arund”可知，作者不想背着那个沉重的包到处走，因此“避开”社交活动。
【5题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一开始，这很痛苦。A. unfair不公平的；B. painful痛苦的；C. disappinting令人失望的；D. useless无用的。根据后文“I stared at piles f “essential” items, trying t decide what t leave behind”可知，精简物品的过程很“痛苦”。
【6题详解】
考查动词。句意：我甚至学会了不带急救包生活，相信校园健康中心离得并不远。A. testing测试；B. trusting相信；C. explaining解释；D. shwing展示。根据后文“the campus health center was never t far away”可知，作者“相信”校园健康中心离得并不远，所以不带急救包。
【7题详解】
考查名词。句意：适应期很艰难，但回报立竿见影。A. reflectin反思；B. recvery恢复；C. adjustment适应；D. hesitatin犹豫。根据前文“decided t adpt the “One Bag Rule””可知，此处指作者做出改变后的“适应”阶段。
【8题详解】
考查名词。句意：我重新参加社交活动，因为我的包不再是负担 —— 而是一种便利。A. burden负担；B. failure失败；C. chice选择；D. habit习惯。根据前文“didn’t want t carry that heavy bag arund”可知，沉重的包曾是“负担”。
【9题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：当我不再背着满是“万一”的包时，我开始更活在当下，我不再觉得有必要为每一种可能发生的意外都做好准备。A. n the g忙个不停；B. in the mment活在当下；C. by faith凭信念；D. t the full充分地。根据后文“I n lnger felt the need t prepare fr every pssible disaster”可知，作者不再时刻准备着各种可能的意外，学会了“活在当下”。
【10题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种自由感渗透到我生活的方方面面，让我有空间专注于真正重要的事情。A. cnnectin联系；B. gratitude感恩；C. respnsibility责任；D. freedm自由。根据前文“I stpped carrying arund a bag full f “what-ifs””可知，作者放下了包袱，获得了“自由”。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
I was having the time f my life with the incredible fifth-grade class this year. They were full f lve and creativity. One day, a student raised her hand and asked if I ____11____ (realize) I was wearing tw different shes. Laughter filled the rm and I felt my cheeks burn with embarrassment. The next gesture is ____12____ I will never frget: the students prceeded t trade shes with each ther t match my crazy situatin. ____13____ (magical), my mismatched shes turned ut t be the clest trend in the classrm.
【答案】11. had realized
12. what 13. Magically
【解析】
【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了作者和五年级可爱的学生们相处时，偶然被学生发现穿了两只不一样的鞋子而尴尬，学生们却纷纷互相换鞋配合老师，让混搭穿鞋成了班里潮流的暖心故事。
【11题详解】
考查时态。句意：有一天，一个学生举手问我是否意识到自己穿着两只不一样的鞋子。主句谓语为一般过去时，宾语从句时态遵循主过从过，realize这个动作发生在学生提问之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时had realized。
【12题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：接下来的举动，是我永远不会忘记的。空处引导表语从句，从句中frget缺少宾语，指事物，用连接代词what引导从句。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：神奇的是，我这双不配对的鞋子，竟成了教室里最酷的潮流。修饰整个句子要用副词作状语，magical的副词形式是Magically，首字母大写。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
Evan Budz, a 15-year-ld frm Canada, wn first place at the 36th EU Cntest fr Yung Scientists with his autnmus binic sea turtle rbt. He ____14____ (inspire) when he bserved the mvement f real turtles during a camping trip. His design enables smther mvement thrugh water, ____15____ (reduce) impact n the delicate underwater ecsystems. ____16____ an AI-pwered cmputer visin system, the rbt mnitrs cral health and aids underwater surveys and cral reef prtectin. Budz’s innvatin shws yung peple’s remarkable capability ____17____ (tackle) cmplex technical and envirnmental challenges.
【答案】14. was inspired
15. reducing
16. With 17. t tackle
【解析】
【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了加拿大15岁少年 Evan Budz 凭借自主仿生海龟机器人斩获欧盟青年科学家大赛一等奖，介绍了该机器人的设计灵感、优势、人工智能功能以及这项创新体现出年轻人应对科技与环境难题的能力。
【14题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：他在一次露营旅行中观察真实海龟的游动时，受到了启发。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语He和inspire为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was inspired。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他的设计能让水下游动更加平稳，减少对脆弱水下生态系统的影响。句中已有谓语动词enables，故空处需填非谓语动词，此处表示自然而然带来的结果，用现在分词reducing作结果状语。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：借助一套人工智能计算机视觉系统，这款机器人能够监测珊瑚健康状况，助力水下勘测与珊瑚礁保护工作。空格后为名词短语，需用介词With表示“凭借、借助”。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Budz的创新成果展现了年轻人应对复杂技术与环境挑战的非凡能力。固定搭配capability t d sth.表示“做某事的能力”，用不定式t tackle作后置定语。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
Althugh each scial science fcuses n a different aspect f human life, they have much in cmmn. Each builds a bdy f knwledge ____18____ cntent cnsists f general laws, principles, and generalizatins describing hw facts, trends, and bservatins are related. Sme students believe that the scial sciences are smehw ____19____ (scientific) than the physical and life sciences, but scial scientists use the same methds that all scientists d: bservatin, experimentatin, testing f scientific theries, and reprting n the results f experiments. If yu decide t majr in a scial science, yu shuld expect t cnduct yur wn research and keep yurself ____20____ (equip) with related infrmatin.
【答案】18. whse
19. less scientific
20. equipped
【解析】
【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了社会科学虽各自研究人类生活的不同方面，但有很多共通之处，同时建议社科专业学生要开展自主研究、储备相关知识。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：每一门社会科学都构建一套知识体系，其内容由描述事实、趋势和观察之间关联的一般规律、原理和归纳结论构成。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a bdy f knwledge，空格后cntent与先行词为所属关系，表示“知识体系的内容”，用关系代词whse引导定语从句。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一些学生认为社会科学在某种程度上不如物理和生命科学科学严谨，但社会科学家使用的方法与所有科学家相同。根据后文than可知要用比较级，结合句意可知，一些学生认为社会科学没有物理和生命科学科学严谨，此处表示 “不如……严谨的”，用less scientific表示。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你决定主修社会科学，你要做好开展自主研究的准备，并随时掌握相关信息。yurself和equip之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语，固定搭配keep neself equipped with表示“使自己具备/掌握……”。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If yu’re mving in r mving ut f yur student accmmdatin, yu might need a helping hand. Whether yu’re having new purchases delivered t yur drmitry, r searching fr sme place ut f campus t stre yur things, BxIt is always here t help.
We stre suitcases, cycles, sacks and stacks f ther stuff in ur secure sites. If yu need packing materials, tell us and we’ll send them t yu. Yu can uplad phts f the things in each bx t yur wn BxIt accunt t remind yurself what is where, and then dwnlad ur app t mnitr yur belngings as they mve.
When yu’re ready, bk the delivery f yur bxes nline. Just let us knw what yu need t be stred and we’ll send ne f ur staff t pick yur things up, but remember that if the address we are delivering yur bxes t is farther than 25 miles frm where we picked them up, there is an additinal charge. Cllectins are free frm Mnday t Friday if we cllect between 8 a.m. and 8 p.m.
Dn’t leave any empty space in yur bx — this makes yur bx weaker and may damage the things inside, and nt filling the bx als means yu need mre bxes s it csts yu mre. And dn’t put t much int yur bx — keep it under 25 kils in weight.
If yu pack the fllwing items in yur bxes, we can’t be respnsible fr any damage t yur things when we’re mving them:
·Knives and sharp bjects
·Musical instruments in sft cases
·Fd
·Antiques
·Pets r any ther living creatures
·Mirrrs r large glass items
Make sure the driver can easily get int yur place and that yu are at yur address fr the full duratin f the cllectin time.
21. T have items delivered by BxIt, ne needs t ________.
A. rder nlineB. dwnlad its app
C. buy bxes frm BxItD. send phts f the stuff t BxIt
22. Custmers are advised t ________.
A. fill the bx upB. prepare extra bxes
C. wrap up sharp bjectsD. bk service n weekends
23. What can we learn abut BxIt?
A. It will check the items in the bxes.
B. Its delivery supprts remte tracking.
C. Its service is intended fr university staff.
D. It can cllect items in the absence f the wner.
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了BxIt这家为学生提供宿舍物品寄存、打包、上门取件和配送的服务，说明了业务范围、操作方式、收费规则、装箱要求以及禁寄物品和取件注意事项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第三段“When yu’re ready, bk the delivery f yur bxes nline.(当你准备好后，可以在线预约箱子的配送服务。)” 可知，想要使用BxIt配送物品，需要在线下单预约。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第四段“Dn’t leave any empty space in yur bx — this makes yur bx weaker and may damage the things inside, and nt filling the bx als means yu need mre bxes s it csts yu mre.(不要在箱子里留有空余空间，这会让箱子不牢固，还可能损坏里面的物品，而且不装满箱子也意味着你需要更多箱子，花费也会更高。)” 可知，平台建议顾客把箱子装满。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第二段“Yu can uplad phts f the things in each bx t yur wn BxIt accunt t remind yurself what is where, and then dwnlad ur app t mnitr yur belngings as they mve.(你可以将每个箱子里物品的照片上传到自己的BxIt账户，方便记住物品存放位置，还可以下载应用程序实时追踪运送中的物品。)”可知，BxIt的配送服务支持远程追踪物品动态。
B
I had n idea it was pssible t sweat s heavily withut engaging in any physical activity. I wasn’t standing at the pen dr f a plane thusands f feet in the air, ready t jump ut int the wild, blue sky. Rather, I was simply sitting n my bed, wearing my mst cmfrtable clthes, and waiting t hit the “Enter classrm” buttn n my cmputer. I had signed up fr an nline language lessn with a Prtuguese language tutr. Fr the past few mnths, I had been studying the language and I knew vide chat was the next best ptin.
As I clicked the buttn, a friendly face ppped up n the screen in frnt f me. At that mment, my mind frze. Feeling my nervusness, my tutr said smething I still remember tday, “Learning a new language is like shwing yur weakness t the wrld. It can be uncmfrtable.” The ice was fficially brken. As I’ve prgressed alng n my language jurney, I ften think back t her insight.
She is right. We take as a given the pwer t express urselves freely, and when that pwer is taken away, we are brught t a place f weakness. Yet if we keep pushing frward despite this weakness, we will unlck a wealth f valuable gains.
My three-year-ld sn has big feelings but has insufficient vcabulary t prperly express himself. When I started learning Prtuguese, I realized hw difficult it must be fr him t be understd in the adult wrld arund him. I’m a better parent nw.
When my husband and I finally visited Prtugal and rdered fd in Prtuguese at a small shp, the server thanked us fr taking time t learn their language. Learning Prtuguese taught me that attempting t learn smene else’s language shws respect nt nly fr their hmeland but fr the peple themselves.
Taking n the challenge f Prtuguese has als awakened a fire within me. If yu had tld me a year ag that I wuld be taking a writing curse, cmpeting in cmpetitins at my gym, r learning abut car maintenance, I truly wuldn’t have believed it. Nw I deeply believe that challenging yurself can be rewarding in ways yu will never knw unless yu attempt it.
24. What was the authr ding in Paragraph 1?
A. Wrking ut at hme.B. Taking an entrance exam.
C. Preparing herself fr a class.D. Signing up fr a language club.
25. Hearing the tutr’s wrds, the authr felt ________.
A. shckedB. defensiveC. cncernedD. relieved
26. After learning Prtuguese, the authr ________.
A. shwed cmpetitive advantagesB. started t try Prtuguese cuisine
C. develped a passin fr travellingD. became an understanding mther
27. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. It is never t late t learn smething new.
B. Taking n challenges may bring perfectin.
C. Leaving the cmfrt zne ffers new visins f life.
D. Language learning helps clear up misunderstandings.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】文章介绍了作者初次线上上葡萄牙语课时十分紧张，在老师开导下逐渐释怀；随后讲述学习葡萄牙语让自己更理解年幼的儿子、懂得尊重他国文化，勇于接受各类新挑战，感悟到走出舒适区、挑战自我会收获意想不到的人生价值。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第一段“Rather, I was simply sitting n my bed, wearing my mst cmfrtable clthes, and waiting t hit the “Enter classrm” buttn n my cmputer.(相反，我只是穿着最舒服的衣服坐在床上，等着点击电脑上的“进入教室”按钮。)” 可知，作者当时正在为线上课程做准备。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文第二段“Feeling my nervusness, my tutr said smething I still remember tday, “Learning a new language is like shwing yur weakness t the wrld. It can be uncmfrtable.” The ice was fficially brken.(察觉到我的紧张，老师说了一句我至今记忆犹新的话：“学习一门新语言就像向全世界展露自己的弱点，这难免会让人不自在。” 尴尬的氛围就此彻底消散。)” 可知，听完老师的话后作者内心释怀、放松下来。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第四段“When I started learning Prtuguese, I realized hw difficult it must be fr him t be understd in the adult wrld arund him. I’m a better parent nw.(当我开始学习葡萄牙语时，我体会到儿子在成人世界里难以被理解的难处，如今我成了更善解人意的母亲。)” 可知，学习葡萄牙语后，作者变成了一位更懂得体谅孩子的母亲。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文第五段“Learning Prtuguese taught me that attempting t learn smene else’s language shws respect nt nly fr their hmeland but fr the peple themselves.(学习葡萄牙语让我明白：主动去学习他人的语言，不仅是对他们祖国的尊重，更是对当地人民本身的尊重。)”及最后一段“Nw I deeply believe that challenging yurself can be rewarding in ways yu will never knw unless yu attempt it.(如今我深信，挑战自我所带来的收获，只有亲身尝试才能体会，其价值难以预知。)” 可知，走出舒适区、勇于挑战自我，会带给人全新的人生眼界与收获。
C
Tw summers ag, in the blue waters ff the cast f a small Caribbean island; a sperm whale named Runder began t give birth. Eleven members f her family slwly gathered arund t supprt her, cming frm miles away in their hme waters. They called t ne anther in Mrse cde-like clicks as they waited fr the baby t arrive and in the hurs that fllwed, when they held the baby abve water s that she culd breathe.
Scientists are develping innvatins in recrding and analyzing their cmmunicatins that culd smeday make it pssible t understand at least sme f what whales say t each ther in this extrardinary mment. David Gruber, president f Prject CTI — Cetacean (鲸类) Translatin Initiative, has gathered dzens f linguists, bilgists, rbticists, and experts in artificial intelligence t dcument the lives and cmmunicatins f sperm whales. Gruber’s team is wrking t develp a translatin tl, which wuld transfrm sperm whale sunds int human wrds. One result f the research might be a wrld in which humans “undeniably understand” these creatures’ experience frm their wn perspectives, and this might breathe new life int whale cnservatin.
Cnsider, fr instance, the prblem f cean nise pllutin. Massive marine mammals such as sperm whales depend n highly-specialized echlcatin systems t search fr fd and navigate the vast, lightless znes f the cean and their highly-develped cerebral neural systems supprt near-cnstant cmmunicatin with cmpanins in their scial grups. Thus, sund cnstitutes an irreplaceable and life-sustaining sensry cre fr them. Grwing human nise — il and gas explratin, cnstructin, and mst f all, ship engine nise — is a clear harm, disturbing the basic activities f sperm whale life.
While the evidence f harm is bvius, current laws are far frm functinal. Existing regulatins (法规) prvide a legal framewrk fr preventing harm, but nise-related harm is mstly ignred. This is exactly where the breakthrugh lies. What if whales were dcumented nt nly struggling t make themselves heard abve the nise, but actually talking abut it? Were a sperm whale heard vicing the pain caused by ship engine nise, its wrds wuld likely carry mre weight in a curt f law than d human descriptins f the prblem. Being able t present the whales’ wn statement, s t speak, might lead t actin being taken.
The pursuit t find and translate cmplex animal cmmunicatin shuld nt reduce the wrth f creatures wh dn’t appear t have thse capacities. We may simply fail t appreciate their intelligence; and the lack f rich cmmunicatin des nt make any life less special. But it wuld still be incredible, and perhaps transfrmative, t knw what sperm whales say — and this culd be seen as an entry pint, a beginning rather than a destinatin, n the jurney t appreciating all creatures.
28. What is the main gal f Prject CTI?
A. T prmte cetacean interactins.
B. T build a bridge t sperm whales’ thughts.
C. T call fr regulatins t prtect sperm whales.
D. T secure a safer habitat fr endangered whales.
29. The authr uses the questin underlined in Paragraph 4 t ________.
A. express a dubtB. defend a viewpint
C. questin an assumptinD. intrduce a pssibility
30. What can we cnclude frm this passage?
A. Research n animals shuld be cnducted with care.
B. Understanding whales is a start t unlck their ptential.
C. Whales’ wn accunts may help reduce harm frm humans.
D. The lack f nise-related laws is due t cmmn miscnceptins.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了CTI 项目的详细信息。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“David Gruber, president f Prject CTI — Cetacean (鲸类) Translatin Initiative, has gathered dzens f linguists, bilgists, rbticists, and experts in artificial intelligence t dcument the lives and cmmunicatins f sperm whales. Gruber’s team is wrking t develp a translatin tl, which wuld transfrm sperm whale sunds int human wrds. One result f the research might be a wrld in which humans “undeniably understand” these creatures’ experience frm their wn perspectives, and this might breathe new life int whale cnservatin.(鲸类翻译倡议（CTI 项目）负责人戴维・格鲁伯集结了数十名语言学家、生物学家、机器人技术专家以及人工智能领域专家，致力于记录抹香鲸的生活习性与交流方式。格鲁伯的团队正研发一款翻译工具，旨在将抹香鲸的声音转化为人类语言。这项研究有望让人类真正从抹香鲸自身的视角理解它们的生存状态，也或将为鲸鱼保护事业注入新的活力。)”可知，CTI项目的主要目标是搭建通往抹香鲸思想想法的桥梁。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据上文“While the evidence f harm is bvius, current laws are far frm functinal. Existing regulatins (法规) prvide a legal framewrk fr preventing harm, but nise-related harm is mstly ignred. This is exactly where the breakthrugh lies.(尽管危害的证据显而易见，但现行法律远远起不到实际作用。现有法规虽搭建了防范危害的法律框架，却基本忽视了噪音造成的危害。而这恰恰是可以取得突破的关键所在。)”可知，上文说现有法规忽视海洋噪音伤害；接着提出假设：如果我们记录到鲸鱼不只是费力发声，还能主动诉说噪音带来的困扰会怎样？由此可知，第四段划线句子的作用是引出一种可能性（假设情景，引出“读懂鲸类心声或将推动法律和保护行动”这一可能）。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Were a sperm whale heard vicing the pain caused by ship engine nise, its wrds wuld likely carry mre weight in a curt f law than d human descriptins f the prblem. Being able t present the whales’ wn statement, s t speak, might lead t actin being taken.(倘若能听到抹香鲸亲口诉说船舶引擎噪音带来的痛苦，那么它的心声在法庭上的分量，很可能远超人类对这一问题的书面描述。可以说，若是能呈现鲸鱼自身的诉求，或许就能推动相关整治行动落地。)”可知，从文章中可以得出鲸鱼自身的心声表述或许有助于减少人类带来的伤害这一结论。
D
A few years ag, I wrte a piece in which I declared that bigraphy, if nt quite dead, was in very pr cnditin. I was cncerned that fr far t lng, it had been criticized that bigraphies were prly written and just listed facts frm birth t death. I even hesitated befre telling peple I was a bigrapher: it felt tantamunt t admitting that I was a jurnalist incapable f riginal thught.
But it turns ut t be therwise. It was mre that I hadn’t been lking fr it hard enugh r in quite the right places. Last weekend, the University f East Anglia hsted a cnference at which the masters f bigraphy tk its pulse and gave the encuraging cnclusin. What has happened, these experts explained, is that bigraphy has changed its shape. This shift has cme frm a grwing sense that bigraphy as it used t be dne was nt getting us clse t the experience it was trying t describe. We all knw that life isn’t actually cmprised f a stately march thrugh the decades in which lse ends, false trails and thse perids where nthing much happens are tidied away ut f sight. Mstly ur lives feel shapeless, cming int fcus nly when a particular ccasin makes us feel, fr a few minutes at least, fully urselves.
T better reveal the authentic, unscripted nature f a life, ne new apprach t bigraphy emplys the presenting f smething small t tell a bigger stry. Frances Wilsn demnstrated hw effective this can be in Hw t Survive the Titanic. She fcuses n the mment when J Bruce Ismay, the ship’s wner, jumped int a lifebat meant fr wmen and children, vividly charting a stry abut ne man’s lst hnur. Anther apprach is t rganise yur stry arund bjects that carried a particular emtinal charge fr the persn yu are writing abut. In The Real Jane Austen, fr instance, bigrapher Paula Byrne pulls ut an East Indian shawl (披肩) and a carringe that figured in bth Austen’s persnal experience and her fictin, and tells a new stry arund them. Other bigraphers have realised that their subject’s nn-eventful schling r the lng hlidays by the sea can be cut dwn t a few shrt paragraphs s they can spend mre time n the bits that matter.
These new ways f telling lives are nt entirely driven by intellectual cncerns. The pressures are cmmercial, t. Peple als have shrter attentin spans, which means that thse drstp bigraphies f 400 pages can start t seem like an appraching threat rather than a delicius prmise. But mre and mre interesting bks are being published which deal with the lives f thers. They may nt annunce themselves as “bigraphies”, but that desn’t mean they aren’t.
31. What des the wrd “tantamunt” underlined in Paragraph 1 mst prbably mean?
A. Superir.B. Similar.C. Unusual.D. Obvius.
32. Why des the authr share his ideas n life in Paragraph 2?
A. T assess its significance t bigraphy.
B. T justify the emerging trend in bigraphy.
C. T emphasize the value f mdern bigraphy.
D. T argue fr the authenticity f cnventinal bigraphy.
33. As fr the new appraches, the authr wuld agree that ________.
A. they culd be mre engaging
B. they invlve subjective descriptins
C. they might be easier fr writers t handle
D. they help cmmercialize the publishing industry
34. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. What bigraphy is all abut.
B. Whether bigraphy shuld mirrr life.
C. Why bigraphy is anything but in decline.
D. Wh defines the literary status f bigraphy.
【答案】31. B 32. B 33. A 34. C
【解析】
【导语】文章主要讨论了传记非但没有衰落，反而以全新形式焕发活力。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“I was cncerned that fr far t lng, it had been criticized that bigraphies were prly written and just listed facts frm birth t death. (我一直忧心的是，长期以来，传记饱受诟病：文笔粗糙乏味，仅仅是把人物从出生到离世的生平事实罗列堆砌而已。)”可知，过去传记饱受批评，文笔差、只会罗列事实。作者身为传记作家，觉得这份职业等同于没有独立思想的记者，是不光彩的。由此可知，tantamunt意为“等同的；相当的”，与similar（相似的）含义接近。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“This shift has cme frm a grwing sense that bigraphy as it used t be dne was nt getting us clse t the experience it was trying t describe. We all knw that life isn’t actually cmprised f a stately march thrugh the decades in which lse ends, false trails and thse perids where nthing much happens are tidied away ut f sight. Mstly ur lives feel shapeless, cming int fcus nly when a particular ccasin makes us feel, fr a few minutes at least, fully urselves.(这种转变源于一种日渐强烈的共识：传统的传记写作方式，无法让我们真正贴近它想要描摹的人生本真体验。我们都清楚，人生本就不是按部就班、庄重有序地走过数十年岁月；那些未了的心事、走岔的弯路，还有那些平淡无奇、乏善可陈的时光，本就不该被刻意修饰、隐匿抹去。大多数时候，我们的人生本就毫无章法、随性散漫，唯有在某些特定时刻，我们才能在短短片刻里，寻回完整的自我、看清本心。)”可知，第二段作者提出观点：真实的人生并不是规整有序的，而是杂乱无章、充满琐碎空白、没有条理的。传统传记强行美化、规整人生，脱离现实。作者阐述对人生的理解，是为了解释传记转型的原因，为新型传记写法提供合理性依据。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Peple als have shrter attentin spans, which means that thse drstp bigraphies f 400 pages can start t seem like an appraching threat rather than a delicius prmise. But mre and mre interesting bks are being published which deal with the lives f thers. (人们的注意力持续时间也变得更短，这就使得那些厚厚一大本、长达400页的大部头传记，不再像是值得品读的佳作，反倒成了一种让人望而生畏的负担。如今有越来越多讲述他人人生的趣味书籍问世，它们或许不会标榜自己是“传记”，但实质上依旧属于传记范畴。)”可知，现代人注意力变短，厚重的传统传记让人望而却步，而采用新手法的传记作品越来越有趣。由此可推知，作者认为新手法更吸引人。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A few years ag, I wrte a piece in which I declared that bigraphy, if nt quite dead, was in very pr cnditin.(几年前，我曾写过一篇文章，在文中我直言：传记文学就算没有彻底消亡，也早已江河日下、处境堪忧。)”和第二段“But it turns ut t be therwise. It was mre that I hadn’t been lking fr it hard enugh r in quite the right places. Last weekend, the University f East Anglia hsted a cnference at which the masters f bigraphy tk its pulse and gave the encuraging cnclusin.(但事实却并非如此。更多是我当初寻找得不够用心，或是找错了方向。上周末，东英吉利大学举办了一场研讨会，传记文学界的名家齐聚于此，研判行业现状，并给出了令人振奋的结论。)”和全文内容可知，全文围绕传记没有衰落、反而焕新展开。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Picture a table surrunded by curius minds, each desiring t uncver the mysteries f the universe, as they start a jurney f intellectual explratin thrugh the art f challenging questins. The scene summarizes the essence f intellectual questins. ____35____ They’re the kind f questins that make yu frwn, scratch yur head, and maybe even lse a little sleep.
____36____ Fr instance, as AI systems becme increasingly cmplex, we’re frced t deal with sme pretty mind-bending questins, like “Will AI ever achieve true cnsciusness?” r “Culd it ne day surpass human intelligence?” Envirnmental sustainability presents anther set f urgent scientific questins: “Hw can we balance ecnmic grwth with envirnmental prtectin? Culd we engineer ur way ut f a climate disaster?” Similarly, space explratin has fascinated humans fr centuries. ____37____ We may wnder: “Culd we ne day settle n ther planets?”
Yu might be wndering: “Why bther with all these heavy questins? Can’t we just enjy a nice, light cnversatin abut the weather?” Well, sure, we culd. But where’s the fun in that?
Asking intellectual questins isn’t just a way t sund smart at dinner parties. When we engage with intellectual questins, we’re develping critical thinking skills, enhancing ur ability t analyze cmplex issues, and bradening ur understanding f the wrld. ____38____ And the benefits g beynd persnal develpment. Engaging in intellectual questins can prmte understanding. When we struggle with difficult questins tgether, we learn t appreciate different viewpints, t challenge ur wn assumptins, and t find cmmn grund even in disagreement. ____39____ Didn’t many f the wrld’s greatest discveries and inventins start with smene asking “What if?” r “Why nt?”
S next time yu find yurself in a cnversatin, dn’t be afraid t dig a little deeper, t ask the big questins, and t challenge assumptins. Yur brain and the wrld will thank yu fr it.
A. Intellectual questins arise accrdingly.
B. It’s like ging t the gym, but fr yur brain.
C. Intellectual questins are nt just surface-level inquiries.
D. Mrever, raising big questins drives innvatin and prgress.
E. In a wrld full f challenges, they are mre imprtant than ever.
F. As we explre further, the questins tuch n the very fabric f ur sciety.
G. The questins that unlck deep insights and meaningful cnnectins lie in every crner.
【答案】35. C 36. G 37. A 38. B 39. D
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了思辨性问题的本质特征，列举人工智能、环境发展、太空探索等领域的相关深度问题，阐述探讨思辨性问题对个人思维培养、人际包容理解以及社会创新发展的重要意义，并呼吁人们勇于提出深层次、有价值的问题。
【35题详解】
根据前文“The scene summarizes the essence f intellectual questins.(这一场景概括了思辨性问题的本质。)”以及空后一句 “They’re the kind f questins that make yu frwn, scratch yur head, and maybe even lse a little sleep.(这类问题会让你皱眉、苦思冥想，甚至夜不能寐。)” 可知空前总结思辨性问题的本质，空后描述这类问题引人深思、并不浅显；故推知：空处应点明思辨性问题并非表层浅显的问题，承接上下文语义；选项C“Intellectual questins are nt just surface-level inquiries.(思辨性问题不只是流于表面的疑问。)” 符合原文内容。
【36题详解】
根据后文“Fr instance, as AI systems becme increasingly cmplex, we’re frced t deal with sme pretty mind-bending questins, like “Will AI ever achieve true cnsciusness?” r “Culd it ne day surpass human intelligence?” Envirnmental sustainability presents anther set f urgent scientific questins: “Hw can we balance ecnmic grwth with envirnmental prtectin? Culd we engineer ur way ut f a climate disaster?”(例如，随着人工智能系统变得愈发复杂，我们不得不面对一些十分烧脑的问题，比如“人工智能能否真正产生意识？”或是“未来它是否会超越人类智力？”环境可持续发展也引出了另一系列亟待解答的科学问题：“我们该如何平衡经济发展与环境保护？我们能否依靠科技手段化解气候灾难？”)”可知后文举例多个领域都存在深度思辨问题；故推知：空处作为段落总起句，应引出富有深度、有价值的思辨问题遍布各个领域，统领下文举例内容；选项G“The questins that unlck deep insights and meaningful cnnectins lie in every crner.(能够启发深刻见解、建立深层关联的问题存在于各个角落。)”符合原文内容。
【37题详解】
根据前文“Similarly, space explratin has fascinated humans fr centuries.(同样，几个世纪以来太空探索一直吸引着人类。)”以及空后一句 “We may wnder: “Culd we ne day settle n ther planets?”(我们或许会疑惑：未来我们能否在其他星球定居？)” 可知前文承接 AI、环保话题转到太空探索，空后引出太空相关的思辨疑问；故推知：空处应表示伴随太空探索这一话题，相应的思辨问题也随之产生，起到承上启下作用；选项A“Intellectual questins arise accrdingly.(相应地，思辨性问题随之产生。)” 符合原文内容。
【38题详解】
根据前文“When we engage with intellectual questins, we’re develping critical thinking skills, enhancing ur ability t analyze cmplex issues, and bradening ur understanding f the wrld.(当我们探究思辨性问题时，我们正在培养批判性思维能力，提升分析复杂问题的能力，并拓宽对世界的认知。)” 及空后一句“And the benefits g beynd persnal develpment.(这些益处远不止个人成长层面。)”可知空前讲述思考思辨性问题对个人思维与认知的提升作用，后文提及其他方面的益处；故推知：空处会总结思考思辨性问题对个人思维与认知的益处，衔接前文；选项B“It’s like ging t the gym, but fr yur brain.(这就像是给大脑健身。)” 符合原文内容。
【39题详解】
根据前文“When we struggle with difficult questins tgether, we learn t appreciate different viewpints, t challenge ur wn assumptins, and t find cmmn grund even in disagreement.(当我们一同钻研难题时，我们学会欣赏不同观点，质疑自身固有想法，即便存在分歧也能找到共识。)”以及空后一句“Didn’t many f the wrld’s greatest discveries and inventins start with smene asking “What if?” r “Why nt?”?(世界上许多伟大的发现和发明，不都是始于有人提出 “假如会怎样？”“为何不试试？” 这类问题吗？)”可知，空前讲述思辨问题促进人与人之间的理解包容，空后关联到人类发明创造；故推知：空处递进说明提出深刻问题能推动创新与社会进步，衔接前后逻辑；选项D“Mrever, raising big questins drives innvatin and prgress.(此外，提出重大问题能推动创新与进步。)”符合原文内容。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Last mnth, I visited a well-knwn art museum in the city with my wife. As we std befre a priceless impressinist painting, I nticed smething strange: nearly every teenager arund us was nt lking at the paintings. Their arms extended, and their eyes were fixed n the small screens f their cellphnes. They were taking phts — dzens f them — framing the artwrk and adjusting angles, all withut pausing t actually see the painting itself.
This scene made me wnder: have we, as a generatin, lst the ability t experience life directly? It seems that fr many f us, an event is nt real unless it is dcumented and shared n scial media. We dn’t just g t a cncert; we capture it t pst nline. We dn’t just watch a sunset; we film it fr the scial media platfrm.
I used t be ne f thse peple. Last summer, I went t a music festival and spent the entire night hlding my phne abve my head, trying t recrd every sng. When I gt hme, I was exhausted — and disappinted. My vides were shaky, the audi was terrible, and I culdn’t remember a single nte I had “watched” live. Wrse, I had missed the chance t dance with my friends r feel the music in my bnes. That night, I realized I had priritized sharing the mment ver living it.
S, I have made a prmise t myself: t put my phne dwn mre ften and be fully present in thse times that make life meaningful. We need t lk at the painting instead f phtgraphing it, and dance t the music instead f recrding it. Why let ur phne cameras becme a barrier between us and the wrld? After all, the best memries are nt the nes we capture n camera — they are the nes we capture in ur hearts.
40. What were the teenagers busy ding in the museum?
_______________________________________________________
41. What did the authr realize after the music festival?
_______________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Fr the best memries, the authr has decided t keep recrds f the meaningful mments.
_______________________________________________________
43. D yu agree that the cellphne camera has becme a barrier between us and the wrld? Why r why nt? (In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】40. They were busy taking phts f the paintings withut appreciating them carefully.
41. He realized he had priritized sharing the mment ver living it.
42. Fr the best memries, the authr has decided t keep recrds f the meaningful mments. Because the authr decides t put dwn his phne and experience meaningful mments persnally instead f recrding them.
43. (pen) Yes, I agree. Many peple fcus n taking phts t pst nline instead f enjying mments. Phnes distract us frm real feelings and cmmunicatin, which keeps us away frm the beautiful wrld arund us.
【解析】
【导语】文章作者通过自己的经历感悟到不要让手机隔绝人与真实世界，最美的回忆留存于心中而非镜头里。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“They were taking phts — dzens f them — framing the artwrk and adjusting angles, all withut pausing t actually see the painting itself.(他们不停地拍照，拍了几十张，对着画作构图取景、调整角度，却全然没有停下来好好欣赏这幅画作本身。)”可知，美术馆里的青少年只顾给画作拍照、调整角度，没有停下来认真欣赏画作。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“That night, I realized I had priritized sharing the mment ver living it.(那天晚上，我意识到我只顾着分享当下，却忘了用心感受当下。)”可知，音乐节结束后，作者意识到自己本末倒置，更在意分享瞬间，而不是亲身享受当下。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“S, I have made a prmise t myself: t put my phne dwn mre ften and be fully present in thse times that make life meaningful.(于是我对自己许下承诺：多放下手机，全身心沉浸在那些赋予生活意义的美好时刻里。)”可知，作者决定放下手机，亲身感受美好时刻，而不是继续拍照记录，因此原句中 keep recrds f the meaningful mments表述错误。
【43题详解】
考查开放性试题。可以参考的答案是：是的，我很赞同。很多人只顾着拍照发网上，却不去享受当下的时刻。手机让我们无法专注于真实的情感交流，也让我们渐渐远离了身边美好的世界。（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim正在策划一次班级研学活动，就活动的主题来信征求你的建议。请你用英文给他回信，内容包括：
1. 你的建议；
2. 建议的理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m glad t hear that yu are planning a study tur fr yur class. I’d be happy t ffer my suggestin fr its pssible theme.
Is “Explring Lcal Culture” a gd idea? Yu knw, such a tur can help yu learn mre abut lcal histry and traditins, which enables yung peple t better understand where they came frm and wh they are. It’ll inspire lve fr the place yu live in and appreciatin fr the shared identity. In the meantime, this prcess ffers a wnderful chance fr yu t rediscver the beauty f lcal culture and may stimulate a strng desire t cntribute t its preservatin.
I believe this theme is bth educatinal and meaningful. I hpe my suggestin can be helpful.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给外国好友Jim回信，就其策划的班级研学活动提供主题建议并阐述理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin → recmmendatin
激发：inspire → kindle
保护：preservatin → cnservatin
有意义的：meaningful →rewarding
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’d be happy t ffer my suggestin fr its pssible theme.
拓展句：Since yu are asking fr advice n yur study tur, I’d be delighted t prvide my recmmendatin fr a suitable theme.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】Yu knw, such a tur can help yu learn mre abut lcal histry and traditins, which enables yung peple t better understand where they came frm and wh they are. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句,同时包含where和wh引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型 2】I believe this theme is bth educatinal and meaningful. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)