湖南永州市宁远县宁远一中崇德学校2025-2026学年下学期高二第一次月考检测卷英语试题含答案

这是一份湖南永州市宁远县宁远一中崇德学校2025-2026学年下学期高二第一次月考检测卷英语试题含答案，文件包含2025届广东两校化学试题1pdf、2025届广东两校化学试题pdf、化学答案1pdf、化学答案pdf等4份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
时量：120 分钟 满分：150 分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. Wh might the wman be?
A. A writer. B. A librarian. C. An astrnaut.
2.What is causing the bad smell?
A. The wman’s fd. B. The man’s feet. C. The trash.
3. What d the speakers think f playing chess?
A. Exciting. B. Bring. C. Stressful.
4. What clr shes des the man lve?
A. Blue. B. White. C. Green.
5. Why des the wman like the apple tree?
A. It prduces tasty apples. B. It is enjyable t climb. C. It prvides shade.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、 C 三个选项选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、7 题。
6. What is the man’s advice fr the wman?
A. Brushing teeth mre ften.
B. Taking gd care f her teeth.
C. Cming back sn fr a filling.
7. Where are the speakers?
A. At the frnt desk. B. At the nurse’s statin. C. At the dentist’s ffice.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 、9 题。
8.What des the wman want t d?
A. G n a trip. B. Mve t anther city. C. Make her wn vides.
9. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Hw are the speakers talking?
A. Face t face. B. On the phne. C. On the Internet.
11. Which prgram des the man chse?
A. The Asian ne. B. The African ne. C. The Suth American ne.
12. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. Big animals. B. Wrld gegraphy. C. Vlunteer wrk.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. What des AI help the man d?
A. Imprve his writing. B. Translate English texts. C. Understand science cncepts.
14. What cntributes t China’s AI success accrding t the wman?
A. Gvernment funding. B. Freign technlgy. C. Yung talents.
15. What des the man suggest ding next?
A. Greeting a teacher. B. Buying dessert fr a teacher. C. Talking with a teacher abut AI.
16. What are the speakers ding?
A. Having a meeting in a cmpany. B. Attending a lecture in a hall. C. Chatting in a cafe.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What might be n bard the first ship?
A. Animal bnes. B. China. C. Pts.
18.What did experts say abut the secnd ship?
A. It carried thusands f items.
B. It was wned by private traders.
C. It was heading t Sutheast Asia when it sank.
19. When did mst f the treasures date back t?
A. The 14th century. B. The 15th century. C. The 16th century.
20. What will the speaker d next?
A. Present ship mdels. B. Discuss the Zhengde perid. C. Shw items fund n the ships.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
China’s Pristine Paradises: Natinal Parks and Nature Reserves
China basts amazing bidiversity and breathtaking landscapes, with a netwrk f prtected areas safeguarding its natural heritage. Amng these, fur sites stand ut fr eclgical significance and scenery, serving as wildlife reserves and symbls f China’s cnservatin cmmitment.
● Jiuzhaigu Natinal Park, in Sichuan’s Minshan Muntains, is famus fr
crystal-clear alpine lakes and vibrant autumn fliage. Its sky-blued lakes, fed by
glaciers and springs, reflect snw-capped peaks. A 1992 UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site, it habitats giant pandas, supprting ver 2,000 plant and 400 animal species. In 2017, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake damaged its landscapes, but careful restratin
revived mst f its riginal charm.
● Sanjiangyuan Natinal Nature Reserve, n the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is called
the “Water Twer f Asia”. As the surce f the Yangtze, Yellw and Lancang
(Mekng) rivers, it supplies water t nearly half f China’s ppulatin and millins in Sutheast Asia. Spanning 318,000 square kilmeters, it hmes Tibetan antelpes.
Climate change causes glacial retreat, leading t adaptive measures like grassland enclsures.
● Hainan Trpical Rainfrest Natinal Park, n Hainan Island, is China’s nly
trpical rainfrest prtected area. Cvering 4,400 square kilmeters, it has ver 5,000 plant species (15% native) and 340 bird species, including the critically endangered Hainan gibbn (长臂猿) (arund 37 left). The rainfrest resists typhns, regulating the island’s climate. Recent years have seen cmmunity-invlved cnservatin, with
lcals shifting frm lgging t ec-turism fr incme and less ecsystem impact.
● Wuyi Muntain Natinal Park, acrss Fujian and Jiangxi, is a UNESCO Wrld
Heritage Site fr bth natural and cultural value. Its steep (崎岖的) Danxia landfrms (red sandstne peaks) pair with thick frests husing Chinese giant salamanders (火蜥蜴). It als has ancient tea plantatins and Han Dynasty archaelgical sites. A visitr quta system limits daily entries t balance cnservatin and turism.
These fur areas shw China’s hlistic (整体的) cnservatin apprach —
cmbining strict prtectin, sustainable develpment and public educatin. As China expands its natinal park system, they remain beacns f human-nature harmny.
1．Which f the fllwing is a challenge that Jiuzhaigu Natinal Park has vercme? A ．A decline in the number f giant pandas.
B ．Overcrwding frm excessive turism.
C ．Severe damage caused by an earthquake.
D ．Pllutin f its crystal-clear alpine lakes.
2 ．What makes Sanjiangyuan Natinal Nature Reserve crucial t millins f peple? A ．Its unique grasslands and wetlands.
B ．Its functin as the surce f three majr rivers.
C ．Its rle as a habitat fr the Tibetan antelpe.
D ．Its strict measures against climate change.
3 ．What d the last tw natinal parks have in cmmn?
A ．Bth are hme t the wrld’s rarest primates (灵长目动物).
B ．Bth have carried ut visitr quta systems.
C ．Bth are lcated n the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
D ．Bth cmbine natural value with cultural significance.
B
14-year-ld Naya Ellis has a passin fr science since childhd, fueled by her desire t make a meaningful impact in medicine. Her devtin can be traced back t age 7, when she tended t her mther battling breast cancer. Nw a freshman at New Orleans’ Jhn F. Kennedy High Schl, she has develped a creative watch fr adults
— an inventin that earned her the title f champin at the well-knwn Natinal STEM Challenge.
Naya’s creativity tk flight at STEM NOLA, an initiative that helps K-12
students, particularly thse frm lw-incme families, engage in hands-n STEM
prjects. Drawn by a desire t stay prductive, she jined the rganizatin’s
eight-mnth STEM fellwship, unexpectedly starting a life-changing jurney. Frm
her participatin in STEM Saturday — a platfrm that encurages inventive activities amng students, Naya decided t create a watch fr strke (中风) detectin, inspired by her grandmther’s wn battle with the illness. Thus, WingItt was brn.
Using advanced technlgy, WingItt detects nerve impulses (脉冲) and
heartbeats t find early strke signs befre clear symptms (症状) appear and sends ff warnings. Fcusing n the elderly — strke’s mst at-risk grup, Naya has
imprved the mdel t tell strke signs frm ther bdy changes. Mrever, she aims t make it affrdable fr senirs wh cannt affrd pricey devices like iPhnes r
Apple Watches.
With hpes t create change while pursuing her interests, Naya’s stry shws
STEM educatin’s life-changing pwer. Chsen as ne f 126 tp students
natinwide in the Natinal STEM Challenge, she will present her inventin WingItt at the cming Washingtn, D.C. festival, an hnr frm the U.S. Department f
Educatin.
As she starts her freshman year, Naya hpes t g beynd the wrld f
inventin; her ambitins als include excelling in sftball, getting a cllege
schlarship, and finally, realizing her dream f becming an bstetrician-gyneclgist — a symbl f hpe and strength fr wmen all ver the wrld.
4 ．Where des Naya’s inspiratin fr WingItt cme frm?
A ．Her family’s health struggle. B ．The initiatr’s encuragement.
C ．The experience in STEM Saturday. D ．Her strng interest in science.
5 ．What des the text say abut WingItt?
A ．It can cnnect t ther devices. B ．It fcuses n serius symptms.
C ．It allws fr preventive measures. D ．It balances nerve impulses and heartbeats.
6 ．What can we knw abut Naya?
A ．She aims t gain wide academic recgnitin.
B ．She has a strng sense f scial respnsibility.
C ．She has received a schlarship fr the inventin.
D ．She regards her failures as valuable wealth in life.
7 ．What is the text mainly abut?
A ．A teen’s award-winning inventin. B ．The influence f STEM educatin.
C．A yung girl’s pursuit f knwledge. D．A new technlgy fr mnitring health.
C
If yu’ve ever picked up plastic while cleaning a beach, yu may have held
mre than waste in yur hands. A new study shws micrplastics — small plastic
pieces under 5 mm — are quickly cvered by harmful bacteria. This turns small
plastic pieces, wrappers and bttles n the beach int vehicles fr carrying diseases.
Micrplastics nw cver every part f the earth. They are in plastic prducts and in the air we breathe. Mre than 125 trillin pieces flat in the cean, and mre are
fund in rivers, sils, animals, and even the human bdy. But scientists claim that the danger is nt just the plastic itself: it’s the Plastisphere — the thin layer f bacteria
that grw n each small piece.
A team led by Dr. Emily Stevensn frm Plymuth Marine Labratry &
University f Exeter published a new study. They fund micrplastics in real natural envirnments — frm hspital wastewater t castal waters — carry bacteria during their whle jurney.
T verify their thery, they carried ut an experiment and tested five materials: bi-beads, nurdles, plystyrene, wd, and glass. They placed them alng a river
flwing frm highly plluted areas t the sea. After tw mnths, gene tests shwed:
All plastics, in all places, had pathgens and drug-resistant (耐药的) bacteria. Each
micrplastic can wrk as a small, mving dish fr grwing germs (细菌). It carried super-bacteria frm hspital wastewater t beaches, swimming areas and
shellfish-grwing sites.
“This study shws the risk f disease and drug-resistant germs frm
micrplastics in ur ceans and casts,” said Dr. Stevensn. “We strngly advise vlunteers t wear glves during beach cleanups and wash hands later.”
As micrplastics cntinue t increase arund the wrld, researchers warn that the Plastisphere culd make the spread f super-bacteria wrse. The study calls fr better waste management, clser watch n micrplastic paths, quick cuts in plastic waste and unified plans acrss wastewater, healthcare, and cean plicy.
8 ．What is a feature f micrplastics?
A ．They build up in a specific area.
B ．They are invisible and hard t break dwn.
C ．They vary in size ranging frm 5 mm upwards.
D ．They present a greater threat than previusly thught.
9 ．What des the underlined wrd “verify” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A ．Prmte. B ．Release. C ．Prpse. D ．Prve.
10 ．What is a finding f the experiment?
A ．Different bacteria react t plastics differently.
B ．Super-bacteria display a strng preference fr glass.
C ．Certain germs make micrplastics their living grund.
D ．Drug-resistant bacteria mainly cllect in plluted rivers.
11 ．What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A ．The slutin lies in reducing plastic use.
B ．Peple shuld avid tuching micrplastics directly.
C ．Super-bacteria will be mre cmmn in the near future.
D ．Vlunteers shuld arrange their beach cleanups regularly.
D
Many peple knw that helping thers feels gd. But nw, a new study in the
USA shws it might actually be gd fr yur brain, t.
Researchers fllwed ver 30,000 adults fr 20 years. They studied hw
peple’s thinking skills changed ver time and cmpared the results with hw much
they helped thers. Thse wh regularly gave their time t help thers had brains that aged mre slwly. Their thinking ability declined 15 t 20 percent less than thse wh helped thers less frequently.
The help did nt have t be frmal vlunteering. Bth frmal and infrmal
supprt wrked. Frmal helping included vlunteering fr a charity r cmmunity
grup. Infrmal helping meant simple acts like giving a neighbr a ride t the dctr’s r babysitting fr a friend. Regular small actins brught great benefits, with the best results at tw t fur hurs f helping per week.
The study als used data frm the Health and Retirement Study, which tracked American adults ver 51. What made the study stand ut was that researchers tk
int cnsideratin ther factrs affecting brain health, such as educatin, incme, and physical and mental health. Even after adjusting fr these influences, the link between helping thers and slwer thinking decline remained strng. Peple wh stpped
helping thers cmpletely had prer brain functin.
This research adds t grwing evidence that helping thers is nt just gd fr cmmunities, but als fr the peple ding it. It may reduce stress, make peple
happier, and give them a sense f purpse. It can als strengthen scial ties, which are knwn t imprve mental and physical health.
In fact, the same research team recently fund that helping thers can als lwer stress-related Inflammatin (炎症) in the bdy. Inflammatin is linked t many health prblems, including memry lss and diseases like Alzheimer’s.
As peple get lder and face risks f feeling lnely r islated, this study shws the imprtance f keeping them invlved in meaningful ways. “Many lder adults can still give a lt t the peple arund them,” said lead researcher Sae Hwang Han. “And they may als be the nes wh receive the greatest rewards frm cntinuing t help.”
12 ．What des the study fcus n?
A ．The gap in peple’s thinking skills. B ．The diverse ways t d vluntary jbs.
C．The influence f aging n brain functin. D．The link between vlunteering and brain aging.
13 ．What is the advantage f the study?
A ．It drew n data frm previus studies.
B ．It fund a direct cure fr lng-term inflammatin.
C ．It centered n bth frmal and infrmal vlunteering.
D ．It fully cnsidered ther factrs that may affect brain health.
14 ．What des the study suggest abut lder adults?
A ．They suffer a lt frm memry lss. B ．They can gain benefits frm helping thers.
C ．They prefer t make significant cntributins. D ．They shuld take their health prblems seriusly.
15 ．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A ．Vlunteering Slws Brain Aging B ．Health Tips fr Older Adults
C ．Leading a Happy Life Calls fr Help D ．Ways t Keep the Brain Active in Old Age
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Develping a sense f gratitude isn’t cmplex r challenging. 16 And the mre yu practice it, the better yu’ll becme at putting yurself int a grateful state f mind. Here are sme tips n hw t d this:
·Observe the mment.
Take a secnd t fcus n yur experience and hw yu are feeling. Meanwhile, think abut the things yu appreciate. 17 Are there particular things helping
yu manage yur stress, feel gd abut yur life, r accmplish what yu need t
d? Yu may als find the practice f mindfulness, which fcuses n becming mre
aware f the present mment, a helpful tl.
·Write it dwn.
18 Starting a gratitude jurnal might be helpful. Write dwn a few things yu’re thankful fr each day in the jurnal. Being able t lk back n these
bservatins can help a lt when yu are in a hard time.
·Enjy the mment.
Give yurself time t really enjy the mment. Fcus n the experience and
allw yurself t absrb thse gd feelings. Cncentrate n the senses and feelings yu’re experiencing in a given mment. 19
·Give thanks.
Gratitude is all abut recgnizing and appreciating thse peple, things,
mments, skills, r gifts that bring jy, peace, r cmfrt int ur lives. 20
Yu might write a thank-yu nte t a persn t shw yur thankfulness, r yu
might spend a mment simply mentally appreciating what yu have. Expressing yur appreciatin fr thers is an imprtant cmpnent that can affect yur interpersnal relatinships.
A ．Shw yur appreciatin t them.
B ．Hw ften d yu experience gratitude?
C ．It desn’t require any special tls r training.
D ．Are there peple wh have dne smething fr yu?
E ．Gratitude can transfrm peple’s lives fr several reasns.
F ．Smetimes yu may find yu are struggling t feel grateful.
G ．Make an assessment f yur senses and think abut what helps.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last spring, I fund a tiny seed while walking in the park. It lked weak, as if
it wuld never . I decided t take it hme and put it in a small pt with sme water.
Every day I watered it and placed it by the windw. Weeks passed, but nthing happened. I started t ifit was alive. One rainy mrning, I nticed a small green sht pushing thrugh the sil, washing ver me. Hwever, a strng wind sn blew and the sht bent almst t the grund. I wanted t it, but my mm stpped me, saying “It needs t learn t by itself.” I watched
carefully. Gradually, the sht and grew int a small plant with beautiful flwers
I realized that healing isn’t just abut being fixed by thers — it’s abut being
t keep ging, even when things are challenging. Life is like the seed and
we all face Smetimes we feel brken, but if we , we can heal
urselves. The plant taught me a valuable : self-healing is the mst pwerful kind f strength.
One day, my friend Lily was upset because she failed her maths test. She said she wanted t I tld her abut the seed. “Yu’re like that little sht,” I
said. “Yu might feel dwn nw, but keep trying and yu’ll sn. ” She started studying harder and gt gd grades a mnth later.
The plant still sits by my windw. Every time I lk at it, I believe n matter hw tugh life gets, we have the t rebuild urselves. We just need t
believe ur ability t — ne day at a time.
21 ．A ．die B ．survive C ．end D ．fade
22 ．A ．dubt B ．prve C ．indicate D ．identify
23 ．A ．curisity B ．frustratin C ．grief D ．excitement
24 ．A ．defend B ．prtect C ．ignre D ．replace
25 ．A ．review B ．clarify C ．grw D ．shine
26 ．A ．summed up B ．straightened up C ．shwed ff D ．set ut
27 ．A ．eventually B ．merely C ．frtunately D ．slightly
28 ．A ．brave B ．reliable C ．apprpriate D ．splendid
29 ．A ．chances B ．gifts C ．difficulties D ．wnders
30 ．A ．succeed B ．advcate C ．insist D ．demand
31 ．A ．cnclusin B ．lessn C ．principle D ．assessment
32 ．A ．blame B ．disturb C ．remve D ．quit
33 ．A ．cheer up B ．wake up C ．stay up D ．make up
34 ．A ．inspiratin B ．enthusiasm C ．attitude D ．pwer
35 ．A ．impact B ．succeed C ．recver D ．evaluate
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Lve Yu, Old Self” — this simple phrase 36 (becme) a surce f
warmth and a ppular saying amng yung peple acrss China in recent years. By
psting phts f a hmemade meal r a mrning cffee with this captin, they
transfrm small, daily acts 37 a shared ritual f self-kindness. Praised as ne f the kindest trends, its resnance runs deep. The key lies in calling neself“Old
Self”, 38 friendly nickname that allws ne t step back and speak t neself with the kindness usually reserved fr a clse friend.
This trend’s 39 (ppular) is n accident, as tday’s yuth navigate
verwhelming pressure, including the 40 (end) cycle f exams and fierce
cmpetitin fr university places and jbs. Fr instance, a Beijing high schl student writes “Lve Yu, Old Self” in her ntebk t calm herself after a tugh exam.
Within this cntext, 41 (turn) t this gentle self-cmpassin has becme a vital way t cpe.
Crucially, this practice is far frm an excuse t shy away frm challenges
42 a slid fundatin fr building greater resilience. T “Lve Yu, Old Self” is t acknwledge ne’s wn effrts, t permit necessary rest, and thus 43
(find) a sustainable balance. It is a lw-cst but pwerful tl fr emtinal stability. And yung peple have realized 44 they truly need is nt external validatin internal self-cmpassin.
Ultimately, this gentle, steady pwer fsters inner peace and affirms a prfund truth 45 genuine care fr thers begins with cmpassin fr neself.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46 ．假定你是李华，你想邀请你的美国好友 Amy 寒假来中国旅游。请你用英语给她写一封信，内容包括：
（1）说明写信目的；
（2）简要介绍旅游计划。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为 80 个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Amy,
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分 25 分)
47 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was eight years ld, determined t bake a birthday cake fr my favrite uncle. After hurs f careful wrk in my Easy Bake ven, my masterpiece was cmplete: a tiny tw-layer cake with candy frsting and a single blue candle.
Feeling extremely excited, I raced ut the dr t deliver it. Hwever, just at the mment, disaster struck. I was in such a hurry that I didn’t ntice the wet grund
utside. My feet slipped, and everything went int slw mtin. I watched in hrrr as the cake flew frm my hands, high int the air befre crashing nt the grund
beside me with a lud sund.
I sat there in the rain, staring at the mixed heap f brwn and white mess that was nce my beautiful cake. My heart brke, and tears mixed with the rain n my face. All my effrt and all my lve were nw a messy ruin. What a failure!
Just then, I heard the kitchen dr pen. It was my grandma. She had seen
everything frm the windw. She walked ver and knelt dwn beside me n the wet grass, nt minding the mud at all.
“Oh, my dear,” she said sftly, putting a warm arm arund my shaking shulders. She didn’t scld me fr running r fr the mess. Instead, she lked thughtfully at the ruined cake, then at my tearful face.
“Well,” she said, a gentle smile tuching her eyes. “It seems ur cake has had a little adventure f its wn.”
I lked up at her, cnfused. Hw culd this be a time fr smiles?
Hwever, she just began t carefully gather the largest pieces f the cake nt the plate, her wrn hands mving with surprising tenderness. “Yu knw,” she said, her vice calm and sure, “the best stries ften have a bumpy (崎岖不平的) middle. But it’s hw they end that matters.”
I watched as she examined ur “bumpy middle” n the plate.
注意：1.续写词数应为 150 个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then, Grandma lked at me and said, “I have an idea.”
An hur later, I reached my uncle’s dr with a cmpletely transfrmed cake.
1 ．C 2 ．B 3 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国四大国家公园和自然保护区：九寨沟、三江源、海南热带雨林、武夷山。
1 ．细节理解题。根据 Jiuzhaigu Natinal Park 部分的“In 2017, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake damaged its landscapes, but careful restratin revived mst f its riginal charm. (2017 年，一场7.0 级地震破坏了它的景观，但通过精心修复，大部分原始风貌得以恢复。)”可知，九寨沟国家公园克服的挑战是地震造成的严重破坏。故选 C 项。
2 ．细节理解题。根据 Sanjiangyuan Natinal Nature Reserve 部分的“As the surce f the
Yangtze, Yellw and Lancang (Mekng) rivers, it supplies water t nearly half f China’s
ppulatin and millins in Sutheast Asia. (作为长江、黄河和澜沧江（湄公河）的源头，它为近半数中国人口及东南亚数百万人提供水源。)”可知，三江源国家级自然保护区的关键意义在于它是三大河流的源头。故选 B 项。
3．细节理解题。根据 Hainan Trpical Rainfrest Natinal Park 部分的“The rainfrest resists typhns, regulating the island’s climate. Recent years have seen cmmunity-invlved
cnservatin, with lcals shifting frm lgging t ec-turism fr incme and less ecsystem
impact. (热带雨林抵御台风，调节着岛上的气候。近年来出现了社区参与的保护，当地人从伐木转向生态旅游，以获得收入，减少对生态系统的影响。)”可知，海南热带雨林国家公园的雨林调节气候，社区参与保护该公园，体现自然与人文结合；再根据 Wuyi Muntain
Natinal Park 部分的“a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site fr bth natural and cultural value (因其自然和文化价值被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”和“It als has ancient tea plantatins and Han Dynasty archaelgical sites. (这里还有古老的茶园和汉代的考古遗址。)”可知，武夷山国家公园以自然与文化双重价值入选世界遗址，拥有古茶园和汉代遗址，两者的共同点是兼具自然价值与文化意义。故选 D 项。
4 ．A 5 ．C 6 ．B 7 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了 14 岁女孩 Naya Ellis 从小热爱科学，受家人患病经历启发，研发出用于中风早期检测并能发送警报的手表 WingItt ，并凭借该发明在全国STEM 挑战赛中夺冠、获得前往华盛顿展示发明的机会，同时介绍了她的成长背景、发明过程以及未来志向。
4 ．细节理解题。根据第二段“Frm her participatin in STEM Saturday — a platfrm that
encurages inventive activities amng students, Naya decided t create a watch fr strke (中风)
detectin, inspired by her grandmther’s wn battle with the illness. Thus, WingItt was brn.(通过参加“STEM 星期六”活动（这是一个鼓励学生开展创新活动的平台），纳亚萌生了设计一款用于中风检测的手表的想法，这个想法源于她祖母与中风抗争的经历。于是，WingItt 就此诞生)”可知，Naya 研发 WingItt 的灵感来源于她的祖母与中风抗争的经历。故选 A。
5 ．细节理解题。根据第三段“Using advanced technlgy, WingItt detects nerve impulses (脉
冲) and heartbeats t find early strke signs befre clear symptms (症状) appear and sends ff
warnings.(通过运用先进的技术，WingItt 特能够检测出神经脉冲和心跳信号，从而在明显的症状出现之前发现早期中风的迹象，并发出警报)”可知，WingItt 能在中风明显症状出现前检测到早期迹象并发送警报，人们收到警报后可及时采取措施，避免中风病情加重，这意味着它能提醒人们采取预防性措施。故选 C。
6 ．推理判断题。根据第一段“14-year-ld Naya Ellis has a passin fr science since childhd, fueled by her desire t make a meaningful impact in medicine.(14 岁的 Naya Ellis 自幼就对科学充满热情，这种热情源于她想要在医学领域产生积极影响的愿望)”以及最后一段“As she
starts her freshman year, Naya hpes t g beynd the wrld f inventin; her ambitins als
include excelling in sftball, getting a cllege schlarship, and finally, realizing her dream f
becming an bstetrician-gyneclgist — a symbl f hpe and strength fr wmen all ver the
wrld.(在她作为高中新生开始学业时，Naya 希望能够超越单纯的发明创造领域；她的目标还包括在垒球比赛中取得优异成绩、获得大学奖学金，最终实现她成为妇产科医生的梦想——这一梦想象征着希望与力量，对全世界的女性而言都具有重要意义)”可知，Naya 受祖母中 风经历启发，研发中风检测手表帮助老年人早期发现病情并发送警报；此外，她还希望未来成为妇产科医生，为全球女性带来希望与力量。由此可推知，Naya 具有强烈的社会责任感。故选 B。
7 ．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Frm her participatin in STEM Saturday — a platfrm that
encurages inventive activities amng students, Naya decided t create a watch fr strke (中风) detectin, inspired by her grandmther’s wn battle with the illness. Thus, WingItt was brn.(通过参加“STEM 星期六”活动（这是一个鼓励学生开展创新活动的平台），纳亚萌生了设计一款用于中风检测的手表的想法，这个想法源于她祖母与中风抗争的经历。于是，WingItt 就此诞生)”以及整篇文章围绕 14 岁女孩 Naya Ellis展开，核心讲述了她研发中风检测手表
WingItt ，并凭借这款发明在全国 STEM 挑战赛中夺冠、获得前往华盛顿资格的关键经历，全文核心凸显“一位青少年的获奖发明” 。故选 A。
8 ．D 9 ．D 10 ．C 11 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微塑料在自然环境中会携带有害细菌和超级细菌，对海洋、海岸及人类健康构成威胁，并阐述了相关研究发现与应对建议。
8 ．细节理解题。根据第二段的“But scientists claim that the danger is nt just the plastic itself; it’s the Plastisphere — the thin layer f bacteria that grw n each small piece.(但科学家们指出，危险并不仅仅在于塑料本身；还有“塑料群落”——即附着在每一块塑料上的那层细菌薄层)”可知，微塑料的危害不只是塑料本身，还有其表面附着的细菌层，说明它的威胁比人们之前认为的更大。故选 D。
9 ．词义猜测题。根据第四段的“T verify their thery, they carried ut an experiment and tested five materials: bi-beads, nurdles, plystyrene, wd, and glass.(为了 verify，他们进行了一个实验，并对五种材料进行了测试：生物珠、塑料颗粒、聚苯乙烯、木材和玻璃)”以及下文的实验过程和结果可知，科学家做实验是为了证实他们的理论，由此推断，verify 意为“证明；
证实” ，与 prve 意思相近。故选 D。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Each micrplastic can wrk as a small, mving dish fr grwing germs (细菌).(每一块微塑料都可以充当一个小型且可移动的容器，为细菌的生长提供条件)”可知，微塑料可以作为细菌生长的载体，即，某些细菌把微塑料当作生存场所。故选 C。
11 ．推理判断题。根据第五段的“We strngly advise vlunteers t wear glves during beach
cleanups and wash hands later.(我们强烈建议志愿者在海滩清理活动中佩戴手套，并在之后洗手)”可推断，人们应该避免直接接触微塑料，以降低感染风险。故选 B。
12 ．D 13 ．D 14 ．B 15 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一项新研究，探究了助人行为（包括志愿活动）
与大脑健康的关联，发现经常帮助他人能减缓大脑衰老、带来多种健康益处。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers fllwed ver 30,000 adults fr 20 years. They studied hw peple’s thinking skills changed ver time and cmpared the results with hw much they
helped thers. Thse wh regularly gave their time t help thers had brains that aged mre
slwly. Their thinking ability declined 15 t 20 percent less than thse wh helped thers less
frequently.(研究人员对超过 3 万名成年人进行了长达 20 年的跟踪研究。他们考察了人们思维能力随时间的变化情况，并将结果与他们帮助他人的频率进行了对比。那些经常为他人付出时间的人，其大脑衰老速度较慢。他们的思维能力衰退程度比那些较少帮助他人的人低 15%至 20%)”可知，该研究聚焦于志愿活动与大脑衰老之间的关联。故选 D。
13 ．细节理解题。根据第四段“What made the study stand ut was that researchers tk int
cnsideratin ther factrs affecting brain health, such as educatin, incme, and physical and
mental health. Even after adjusting fr these influences, the link between helping thers and
slwer thinking decline remained strng.(使这项研究独具特色的是，研究人员还考虑了影响大脑健康的其他因素，如教育程度、收入以及身体和心理健康状况。即便在对这些因素进行调整之后，帮助他人与思维衰退速度减缓之间的联系依然十分显著)”可知，该研究的优势在于它充分考虑了可能影响大脑健康的其他因素，确保了研究结论的可靠性。故选 D。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Many lder adults can still give a lt t the peple arund them,” said lead researcher Sae Hwang Han. “And they may als be the nes wh receive the greatest
rewards frm cntinuing t help.”(首席研究员萨·汉姆·韩表示：“许多老年人仍然能够为身边的人做出很多贡献。而且他们自己也可能会从持续提供帮助的过程中获得最大的回报。”)” 以及上文提到的助人对大脑健康的积极影响可推断，该研究表明老年人能从帮助他人中获得益处。故选 B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Many peple knw that helping thers feels gd. But nw, a new study in the USA shws it might actually be gd fr yur brain, t.(很多人都知道帮助他人会让人感觉良好。而现在，美国的一项新研究表明，这种行为对大脑也有益处)”以及文章开篇点明核心：帮助他人对大脑有益，随后通过研究细节说明经常助人（包括志愿活动）能减缓大脑衰老，接着拓展助人的其他益处，最后强调助人对老年人的价值。A 选项“志愿活动减缓大脑衰老”最符合文章标题。故选 A。
16 ．C 17 ．D 18 ．F 19 ．G 20 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了培养感恩意识并不复杂，进而给出观察当下、记录感恩等四种培养感恩意识的具体方法。
16．根据上文“Develping a sense f gratitude isn’t cmplex r challenging. (培养感恩意识并不复杂，也不具有挑战性)”以及下文“And the mre yu practice it, the better yu’ll becme at
putting yurself int a grateful state f mind. (而且你练习得越多，就越能更好地让自己进入感恩的心态)”可知，此处应承接上文“感恩意识不难培养” ，进一步说明其简易性，C 选项“It desn’t require any special tls r training. (它不需要任何特殊的工具或训练)”既呼应了上文的“不复杂、不具挑战性” ，又为下文的“练习”做铺垫，符合语境。故选 C 项。
17．根据上文“Meanwhile, think abut the things yu appreciate. (同时，想想你所感激的事情)”以及下文“Are there particular things helping yu manage yur stress, feel gd abut yur life,
意，
r accmplish what yu need t d? (有没有一些特别的事情帮助你缓解压力，对生活感到满或者完成你需要做的事情？)”可知，此处应承接“ 思考感激的事情” ，且与下文设问句式保持一致，提出相关疑问，D 选项“Are there peple wh have dne smething fr yu? (有人为你做过什么吗？)”是对“所感激的人” 的设问，与上下文衔接紧密。故选 D 项。
18 ．根据上文小标题“Write it dwn. (写下来)”以及下文“Starting a gratitude jurnal might be
helpful. (开始写感恩日记可能会有帮助)”可知，此处应围绕“记录感恩”展开，引出下文的感恩日记，F 选项“Smetimes yu may find yu are struggling t feel grateful. (有时你可能会发现自己很难感受到感恩)”能够说明“写感恩日记” 的必要性——当难以感受到感恩时，记录可以帮助自己梳理，且与下文“写感恩日记有帮助”衔接自然，符合语境。故选 F 项。
19．根据上文“Cncentrate n the senses and feelings yu’re experiencing in a given mment. (专注于你在特定时刻所体验到的感官和感受)”可知，此处应承接前文，进一步说明如何专注于感官和感受、思考感恩的事，G 选项“Make an assessment f yur senses and think abut what helps. (评估一下你的感官，想想是什么在帮助你)”衔接前文“关注自身体验和感受” ，符合语境。故选 G 项。
20 ．根据上文“Gratitude is all abut recgnizing and appreciating thse peple, things, mments, skills, r gifts that bring jy, peace, r cmfrt int ur lives. (感恩就是认可和欣赏那些给我们的生活带来快乐、平静或安慰的人、事、时刻、技能或礼物)”以及下文“Yu might write a thank-yu nte t a persn t shw yur thankfulness, r yu might spend a mment simply
mentally appreciating what yu have.(你可以给一个人写一封感谢信来表达你的感谢，或者你可以花一点时间在心里单纯地感激你所拥有的一切)”可知，此处应承接前文“认可和欣赏感恩的对象” ，引出后文“表达感谢” 的具体做法，A 选项“Shw yur appreciatin t them. (向他们表达你的感激之情)”中的 them 指代前文的感恩对象，直接衔接前文，又引出下文的具体表达方法，符合语境。故选 A 项。
21 ．B 22 ．A 23 ．D 24 ．B 25 ．C 26 ．B 27 ．A 28 ．A
29 ．C 30 ．C 31 ．B 32 ．D 33 ．A 34 ．D 35 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在公园捡到一颗看似孱弱的种子，带回家悉心照料后种子发芽生长，并从中领悟到“ 自我治愈是最强大的力量”这一道理，并将其分享给遇到挫折的朋友，鼓励人们在面对生活困境时，坚守信念、持续前行， 依靠自身力量实现重建与恢复。
ve
21 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它看起来很虚弱，好像永远无法存活。A. die 死亡；B. survi存活；C. end 结束；D. fade 褪色。根据前文“It lked weak”可知，种子看起来很虚弱，所以作者觉得它可能无法存活。故选 B 项。
22 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始怀疑它是否还活着。A. dubt 怀疑；B. prve 证明； C. indicate 表明；D. identify 识别。根据前文“Weeks passed, but nthing happened.”可知，几周过去了，种子没有任何变化，所以作者开始怀疑它是否还活着。故选 A 项。
23 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的早晨，我注意到一株绿色的小芽从土里钻出来，我感到一阵兴奋。A. curisity 好奇心；B. frustratin 沮丧；C. grief 悲伤；D. excitement 兴奋。根据前文“I nticed a small green sht pushing thrugh the sil”可知，种子发芽了，所以作者感到兴奋。故选 D 项。
24 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想保护它，但我妈妈阻止了我，说“它需要学会自己生
长。”。A. defend 防御；B. prtect 保护；C. ignre 忽视；D. replace 替代。根据前文“a strng wind sn blew and the sht bent almst t the grund”可知，一阵强风吹来，幼苗几乎弯到了地上，所以作者想保护它。故选 B 项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。 "A.review" A. review 复习；B. clarify 澄清；C. grw 生长；D. shine闪耀。根据前文“It needs t learn t” 以及后文“by itself”可知，妈妈认为幼苗需要学会自己生长。故选 C 项。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：渐渐地，幼苗挺直了身子，长成了一株开着美丽花朵的小植物。A. summed up 总结；B. straightened up 挺直；C. shwed ff 炫耀；D. set ut 出发。根据前文“the sht bent almst t the grund” 以及后文“grew int a small plant”可知，幼苗之前被风吹弯了，现在挺直了身子，长成了一株植物。故选 B 项。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，幼苗挺直了身子，最终长成了一株开着美丽花朵的小植物。A. eventually 最终；B. merely 仅仅；C. frtunately 幸运地；D. slightly 轻微地。根据前文“Gradually, the sht straightened up and grew int a small plant”可知，幼苗最终长成了一株植物。故选 A 项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到愈合不仅仅是被别人修复——它是在面对挑战时勇敢地继续前进。A. brave 勇敢的；B. reliable 可靠的；C. apprpriate 适当的；D. splendid 辉煌的。根据后文“keep ging, even when things are challenging”可知，即使面对挑战也要继续前进，这是一种勇敢的表现。故选 A 项。
29 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活就像一颗种子，我们都会面临困难。A. chances 机会；
"B.gifts" B. gifts 礼物；C. difficulties 困难；D. wnders 奇迹。根据后文“Smetimes we feel brken”可知，有时我们会感到崩溃，所以生活会面临困难。故选 C 项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我们会感到崩溃，但如果我们坚持下去，我们就能治愈自己。A. succeed 成功；B. advcate 提倡；C. insist 坚持；D. demand 要求。根据后文“we can heal urselves”可知，我们能够治愈自己，前提是要坚持下去。故选 C 项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这株植物给了我一个宝贵的教训：自我治愈是最强大的力量。
A. cnclusin 结论；B. lessn 教训；C. principle 原则；D. assessment 评估。根据后文“self-healing is the mst pwerful kind f strength”可知， 自我治愈是最强大的力量，这是作者从植物身上学到的教训。故选 B 项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我的朋友莉莉因为数学考试不及格而心烦意乱。她说她想放弃。A. blame 责备；B. disturb 打扰；C. remve 移除；D. quit 放弃。根据前文“my friend Lily was upset because she failed her maths test” 可知，莉莉数学考试不及格，所以她想放弃。故选 D 项。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：你现在可能情绪低落，但继续努力，你很快就会振作起来的。
A. cheer up 振作起来；B. wake up 醒来；C. stay up 熬夜； "D.makeup" D. make up 化妆。根据前文“Yu might feel dwn nw, but keep trying”可知前后转折关系，所以作者鼓励莉莉继续努力，这样她很快就会振作起来。故选 A 项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我看着它，我就相信无论生活多么艰难，我们都有重建自己的力量。A. inspiratin 灵感；B. enthusiasm 热情；C. attitude 态度；D. pwer 力量。根据后文“t rebuild urselves”可知，我们有能力重建自己，这是一种力量。故选 D 项。
35 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只需要相信自己有能力恢复——一天天来。A. impact影响；B. succeed 成功；C. recver 恢复；D. evaluate 评估。根据前文“we can heal urselves”以及“rebuild urselves”可知，我们能够治愈自己，重建自己，即我们有能力恢复。故选 C 项。
36 ．has becme 37 ．int 38 ．a 39 ．ppularity 40 ．endless 41 ．turning
42 ．but 43 ．t find 44 ．what 45 ．that
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍“爱你，老己”成为年轻人流行语，分析其背后原因、意义，指出自我关怀是关爱他人的起点。
36．考查时态。句意：“爱你，老己”——这句简单的话近年来已成为温暖的源泉，在全国年轻人中流行。此空考查谓语动词，主语 phrase 与 becme 为主动关系，in recent years 是现在
完成时标志，主语为单数。故填 has becme。
37．考查介词。句意：通过配上这段文字发布家常菜或晨间咖啡的照片，他们将日常微小的举动转变成一种共同的自我善待仪式。此处考查固定搭配 transfrm... int...，表示“把 转变成 ” 。故填 int。
38 ．考查冠词。句意：关键在于称呼自己“老己” ，一个亲切的昵称，它能让人退一步，用通常只留给密友的善意与自己对话。此处泛指“一个昵称” ，且 friendly 以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词 a 。故填 a。
39．考查名词。句意：这一潮流的流行并非偶然，因为当下的年轻人承受着巨大的压力，包括无休止的考试循环，以及激烈的升学和就业竞争。前面有名词所有格 trend’s 修饰，此空应用名词形式，ppularity 表示“流行” ，为不可数名词作主语，符合语境。故填 ppularity。
40 ．考查形容词。句意：这一潮流的流行并非偶然，因为当下的年轻人承受着巨大的压力，包括无休止的考试循环，以及激烈的升学和就业竞争。修饰名词 cycle 应用形容词，endless表示“无休止的” ，符合语境。故填 endless。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这种背景下，转向温柔的自我关怀已成为应对压力的重要方式。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动名词作主语。故填 turning。
42．考查连词。句意：至关重要的是，这种做法绝非逃避挑战的借口，而是培养更强适应力的坚实基础。此处考查固定搭配 far frm... but... ，表示“不是 而是 ”，为固定句型，符合语境。故填 but。
43 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：“爱你，老己”是承认自己的努力，允许必要的休息，从而找到可持续的平衡。分析句子结构可知，此处与前面的 t acknwledge ，t permit 并列，应用不定式。故填 t find。
44．考查主语从句。句意：而且年轻人意识到他们真正需要的不是外界认可，而是内心的自我关怀。此处考查主语从句，从句中缺少 need 的宾语且指事物，用连接代词 what 。故填
what。
45．考查同位语从句。句意：最终，这种温和而坚定的力量孕育了内心的平静，并印证了一个深刻的真理：对他人真诚的关怀，始于对自己的慈悲。此处考查同位语从句，从句解释说明 truth ，句意完整且不缺成分，用连接词 that 。故填 that。
46 ．参考范文：
Dear Amy,
Hw have yu been since ur meeting at the internatinal exchange activity? As winter
vacatin appraches, I sincerely invite yu t visit China.
We’ll start with Beijing t visit the Frbidden City and taste Peking duck, then g t
Sichuan t see cute giant pandas and try spicy ht pt. Yu can stay at my hme, where my
parents will prepare delicius Chinese fd fr yu. I’ll be yur guide t help yu understand ur culture better.
This trip will surely be unfrgettable. I really hpe yu can accept my invitatin. Please let me knw yur decisin sn. Lking frward t yur arrival!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国好友 Amy 写一封信，邀请对方寒假来中国旅游，并简要介绍旅游计划。
【详解】1.词汇积累
真诚地：sincerely → genuinely
理解：understand → cmprehend
确定地：surely → definitely
难忘的：unfrgettable → memrable
2.句式拓展同义句转换
原句：We’ll start with Beijing t visit the Frbidden City and taste Peking duck, then g t Sichuan t see cute giant pandas and try spicy ht pt.
拓展句：We’ll start with Beijing t visit the Frbidden City and taste Peking duck, after which we will g t Sichuan t see cute giant pandas and try spicy ht pt.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】As winter vacatin appraches, I sincerely invite yu t visit China. (运用了 as 引导的状语从句)
【高分句型 2】Yu can stay at my hme, where my parents will prepare delicius Chinese fd fr yu. (运用了 where 引导的定语从句)
47 ．One pssible versin:
Then, Grandma lked at me and said, “I have an idea.” Back in the kitchen, she didn’t just repair the damaged cake; she reimagined it. She asked me tjin her in placing the large pieces in a big bwl, adding spnfuls f fresh frsting and chpped cherries, and mixing them all gently.
Then, she pressed this delicius mixture int a new, smaller pan. “Smetimes,” she whispered, “when things fall apart, it’s nt necessary fr yu t put them back the same way. Yu can make smething even better.” She smthed the tp and added a whle ring f shiny red cherries.
An hur later, I reached my uncle’s dr with a cmpletely transfrmed cake. My hands
trembled a little as I kncked, hlding the pan with the new cake, which was n lnger tw layers, but was cvered with fresh frsting and a circle f red cherries n tp. When Uncle pened the
dr, his eyes lit up. I tld him the whle stry, frm my slip t Grandma’s wise wrds. He tk a bite, smiling warmly, and said it was the mst special birthday cake he’d ever had. Lking at
him, I suddenly understd: Life’s little messes aren’t failures. Smetimes, breaking apart is just a chance t rebuild smething mre beautiful, filled with lve and unexpected jy.
【导语】本文为人物和蛋糕为线索展开。八岁的作者亲手用小烤箱给最喜爱的叔叔做了生日蛋糕，兴冲冲出门送蛋糕时，因太着急没注意湿滑地面不慎摔倒，而刚做好的蛋糕摔成了糊状物，作者坐在雨里伤心落泪，目睹全程的奶奶没有责怪作者，温柔安慰后，打算一起补救这份饱含心意的礼物。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后，奶奶看着我说：“我有个主意。””可知，第一段可续写部分描写奶奶帮助作者修复蛋糕的经过及最后蛋糕被修复好。
②由第二段首句内容“一个小时后，我带着一个完全变了样的蛋糕来到了叔叔家的门口。”可知，第二段可描述作者拿着修复好的蛋糕给叔叔并告诉叔叔事情的经过，叔叔品尝蛋糕及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：奶奶帮助作者修补蛋糕——修补蛋糕的过程——蛋糕被修复好——送蛋糕给叔叔——告诉叔叔实情——叔叔品尝蛋糕——作者的感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①修复：repair/mend/fix
②混合：mix/blend
③打开门：pen the dr/unlck the dr情绪类
①温柔地：gently/tenderly
②意外的：unexpected/frtuitus
【点睛】[高分句型 1] My hands trembled a little as I kncked, hlding the pan with the new cake, which was n lnger tw layers, but was cvered with fresh frsting and a circle f red cherries n tp. (运用了现在分词 hlding 作状语，which 引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型 2] He tk a bite, smiling warmly, and said it was the mst special birthday cake he’d ever had. (运用了省略连接词that 的宾语从句作said 的宾语和省略关系词that 的定语从句he’d ever had)