中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十：动词时态（二）完成时与进行时（完成体·进行体）专项训练

这是一份中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十：动词时态（二）完成时与进行时（完成体·进行体）专项训练，共10页。
【考情考向·近三年命题趋势】
完成时和进行时是中考时态考查的难点和拉分点。2023-2025年全国各地市真题卷显示，命题主要集中在：① 现在完成时的基本用法（表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响/结果，或持续到现在的动作）；② 延续性动词与短暂性动词的转换；③ 过去完成时的用法（表示“过去的过去”）；④ 现在完成进行时的用法（强调动作的持续和仍在进行）；⑤ 时态辨析（现在完成时与一般过去时的区别，现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别）。本专题按考点分层设计，帮助考生精准掌握完成体和进行体的核心用法。
【核心知识·考点分层精讲】
考点一：现在完成时
① 构成： have/has + 过去分词。
② 用法： 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 (I have lst my key. I can't pen the dr.)；表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态 (He has lived here fr ten years.)。
③ 时间标志词： already, yet, ever, never, just, befre, recently, lately, s far, up t nw, in the past few years, fr + 时间段, since + 时间点/从句。
④ 延续性动词与短暂性动词： 短暂性动词 (buy, jin, die, leave) 不能与 fr/since 连用，需转换为延续性动词 (have had, have been in, have been dead, have been away)。
⑤ have been t / have gne t / have been in： have been t 去过已回；have gne t 去了未回；have been in 在某地待了多久。
考点二：过去完成时
① 构成： had + 过去分词。
② 用法： 表示在过去某个动作或时间之前已经发生的动作（“过去的过去”）。常用于宾语从句或与 by the time, when, befre 等连用 (By the time I gt there, the train had left.)。
③ 时间标志词： by the end f last year, by the time, befre + 过去时间, when 引导的从句（主句用过去完成时）。
考点三：现在完成进行时
① 构成： have/has been + 现在分词。
② 用法： 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且可能仍在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性和不间断性 (I have been waiting fr yu fr tw hurs.)。
③ 与现在完成时的区别： 现在完成时强调结果，现在完成进行时强调过程/持续。有些动词（如 live, wrk, teach）两者区别不大。
考点四：过去将来时/将来完成时（了解）
① 过去将来时： wuld + 动词原形，表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作 (He said he wuld cme.)。
② 将来完成时： will have + 过去分词，表示到将来某个时间为止已经完成的动作 (By next mnth, I will have finished the bk.)。中考要求较低，了解即可。
【分层训练·按考点突破】
考点一 现在完成时（共20题）
1. (影响性) I ______ my key. I can't find it anywhere.
A. lse B. lst C. have lst D. was lsing
2. (持续性) They ______ in this city since 2010.
A. live B. lived C. have lived D. are living
3. (already) I ______ my hmewrk already.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. will finish
4. (yet) Have yu ______ been t the Great Wall?
A. ever B. never C. yet D. just
5. (never) I ______ such a beautiful view befre.
A. never see B. have never seen C. never saw D. will never see
6. (fr/since) He has taught English ______ 15 years.
A. fr B. since C. in D. after
7. (短暂性动词) My grandfather ______ fr tw years.
A. has died B. died C. has been dead D. was dead
8. (短暂性动词) He ______ the army since 2020.
A. has jined B . jined C. has been in D. was in
9. (have been t) —Where is Tm? —He ______ t the library.
A. has been B. has gne C. Went D. ges
10. (have been in) They ______ Beijing fr three years.
A. have been in B. have gne t C. have been t D. came t
11. (recently) I haven't seen him ______.
A. recent B. Recently C. Late D. later
12. (s far) S far, we ______ 2000 English wrds.
A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. are learning
13. (in the past...) In the past five years, great changes ______ in my hmetwn.
A. take place B. tk place C. have taken place D. are taking place
14. (just) She has ______ finished her wrk.
A. just B. just nw C. yet D. ever
15. (否定句) I ______ my pen. Can I use yurs?
A. didn't find B. dn't find C. haven't fund D. wn't find
16. (疑问句) ______ yu ever ______ t the Great Wall?
A. Did; g B. Have; been C. Have; gne D. D; g
17. (fr+时间段) We have knwn each ther ______ ten years.
A. fr B. since C. in D. after
18. (since+从句) He has been ill ______ he came back.
A. fr B. Since C. In D. befre
19. (现在完成时与一般过去时) I ______ a new bike yesterday.
A. have bught B. bught C. buy D. will buy
20. (辨析) —______ yu ______ yur hmewrk? —Yes, I did it an hur ag.
A. Have; dne B. Did; d C. D; d D. Will; d
? 考点二 过去完成时（共10题）
21. (过去的过去) By the time I gt t the statin, the train ______.
A. left B. has left C. had left D. was leaving
22. (after) After he ______ his wrk, he went hme.
A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. finishes
23. (befre) She said she ______ the film befre.
A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. wuld see
24. (by the end f) By the end f last year, they ______ 1000 cars.
A. prduce B. prduced C. have prduced D. had prduced
25. (when) When I arrived, they ______ dinner.
A. have B. Had C. had had D. were having
26. () He ______ the rm when the phne rang.
A. entered hardly B. hardly entered
C. had hardly entered D. was hardly entering
27. (宾语从句) He tld me that he ______ the bk already.
A. read B. has read C. had read D. wuld read
28. (过去完成时与一般过去时) I ______ 500 wrds by the end f last mnth.
A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. had learned
29. (否定) She ______ the film befre, s she wanted t see it.
A. didn't see B. hasn't seen C. hadn't seen D. wuldn't see
30. (疑问) ______ they ______ the wrk by 5 pm yesterday?
A. Have; finished B. Did; finish C. Had; finished D. Were; finishing
? 考点三 现在完成进行时（共8题）
31. (强调持续) I ______ fr yu fr tw hurs.
A. wait B. am waiting C. have waited D. have been waiting
32. (可能仍在进行) He is tired because he ______ all mrning.
A. wrked B. has been wrking C. had wrked D. was wrking
33. (与现在完成时区别) I ______ this bk fr tw weeks. I haven't finished it yet.
A. have read B. have been reading C. read D. had read
34. (since) She ______ English since she was five.
A. has been learning B. has learned C. Learned D. learns
35. (fr) They ______ fr the bus fr half an hur.
A. have waited B. have been waiting C. waited D. had waited
36. (结果) The grund is wet. It ______.
A. rained B. has rained C. has been raining D. was raining
37. (动作仍在持续) Hw lng ______ here?
A. d yu wrk B. have yu wrked C. have yu been wrking D. did yu wrk
38. (否定) He ______ well recently.
A. hasn't been sleeping B. hasn't slept C. didn't sleep D. wasn't sleeping
? 考点四 过去将来时 & 将来完成时（共4题）
39. (过去将来时) He said he ______ the next day.
A. will cme B. wuld cme C. came D. has cme
40. (过去将来时) She tld me she ______ buy a new car.
A. will B. wuld C. is ging t D. was ging t
41. (将来完成时) By next mnth, I ______ my prject.
A. finish B. will finish C. will have finished D. have finished
42. (将来完成时) By the time yu cme back, I ______ the wrk.
A. will d B. will have dne C. have dne D. did
? 语法填空·语境综合（完成进行体混合）
43. I ______ (finish) my hmewrk already. Can I watch TV nw?
44. They ______ (live) here since 2015.
45. By the time I gt t the cinema, the mvie ______ (start).
46. He ______ (wait) fr her fr tw hurs, but she hasn't cme yet.
47. She said she ______ (see) the film befre.
48. I ______ (nt see) him lately.
49. Hw lng ______ yu ______ (learn) English?
50. By next year, I ______ (be) a teacher fr ten years.
? 单句改错·易错警示（完成进行体）
51. He has jined the army fr three years.
改正：________________________
52. I have gne t Beijing twice.
改正：________________________
53. She has been t the library, s she is nt here.
改正：________________________
54. By the time he arrived, we have already left.
改正：________________________
55. I have been knwing him fr ten years.
改正：________________________
【参考答案】
考点一（1-20）：1-5 C C C A B 6-10 A C C B A 11-15 B C C A C 16-20 B A B B A
考点二（21-30）：21-25 C C C D C 26-30 C C D C C
考点三（31-38）：31-35 D B B A B 36-38 C C A
考点四（39-42）：39-42 B B C B
语法填空（43-50）：43. have finished 44. have lived 45. had started 46. has been waiting 47. had seen 48. haven't seen 49. have; been learning 50. will have been
改错（51-55）：51. has jined→has been in 52. gne→been 53. been→gne 54. have→had 55. knwing→knwn
教学建议·考点分层突破策略
1. 按考点分层教学：将完成进行体分为四个考点。建议考点一（现在完成时）用2课时，重点讲解用法区别、时间标志词、延续性动词转换；考点二（过去完成时）用1课时，强调“过去的过去”；考点三（现在完成进行时）用1课时，与现在完成时对比；考点四（了解内容）简单介绍即可。
2. 对比教学：重点对比现在完成时与一般过去时的区别（是否有影响/是否强调时间），现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别（结果vs过程），短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换（设计专项练习）。
3. 时间轴辅助：利用时间轴图示帮助学生理解“过去的过去”以及动作的持续状态，形象直观。
4. 标志词强化：要求学生背诵完成时的标志词（already, yet, ever, never, since, fr, s far, by the time等），并能快速识别。
5. 错题本记录：要求学生将错题按考点记录，尤其注意短暂性动词的转换错误、have been t / have gne t 混淆等。
亲爱的同学，完成时和进行时是中考英语的“分水岭”。掌握了它们，你的英语水平将上一个新台阶！坚持练习，细心总结，你一定能攻克这个专题！中考在即，愿你以梦为马，不负韶华，金榜题名！