高考英语二轮-阅读理解之七选五（练习）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-阅读理解之七选五（练习）（教师版），共40页。试卷主要包含了段首句，段中句，段尾句等内容，欢迎下载使用。

题型一 段首句
Passage 1
Yu’re standing in line at the grcery stre r waiting fr an elevatr. Yu have n mre than a minute t kill. And yet, befre yu’ve even realized what yu’re ding, yu’ve pulled ut yur phne and have begun t mindlessly scrll (滚屏) thrugh apps.
1 Research suggests plenty f peple d the same thing. Only 11% f peple's smartphne checks were in respnse t a ntificatin. Fr the rest f the time, they checked their phnes ttally unplanned, ften withut thinking thrugh why they were ding it. We' re s used t cnstant stimulatin that we feel uncmfrtable when we’re nt ding anything, even fr just a few secnds.
Our brains are hardwired t seek ut rewards like knwledge, entertainment, and scial cnnectin. All f thse things were much harder t find befre we had tiny cmputers at ur fingertips. Nw we d. Our phnes are basically all-yu-can-eat buffets fr ur brains, endlessly and easily serving up the things they want. 2
A quick phne check prbably isn't ding yur brain any real harm. 3 Over time, cnstant scrlling culd have a negative effect n yur jb perfrmance, relatinships, sleep, and pssibly even physical safety, if yu’re ding things like checking yur phne while yu walk r drive. 4 When yu give in t yur urges and check yur phne, then feel guilty abut it, the feeling f failure adds shame t injury.
If yu want t break the habit f cnstant checking, yu’ll have t wrk at it. Building awareness is a gd way. 5 Fr example, next time yu catch yurself scrlling thrugh shrt vides withut even absrbing the cntent, think abut whether yu really want t be n yur phne, r yu are just putting ff a less-fun task.
A．Checking yur phne is ften autmatic.
B．There's als a mental-health element t cnsider.
C．Of curse ur minds can't help but feed themselves.
D．Start ging withut yur phne fr set perids f time.
E．The urge t check yur phne is ften related t stress relief.
F．Take a mment t ask yurself what is driving yur behavir.
G．But it's als wrth cnsidering hw all thse little checks add up.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．G 4．B 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了无意识看手机的现象、原因和改正措施。
1．根据下文“Research suggests plenty f peple d the same thing. Only 11% f peple's smartphne checks were in respnse t a ntificatin. Fr the rest f the time, they checked their phnes ttally unplanned, ften withut thinking thrugh why they were ding it.(研究表明，很多人都会做同样的事情。只有11%的人查看智能手机是为了回应通知。在其他时间里，他们完全没有计划地查看手机，通常也没有想过自己为什么这么做)”可知，本段主要将看手机是无意识的。故A选项“查看手机通常是无意识的”切题，适合为本段的标题。故选A项。
2．根据上文“Our brains are hardwired t seek ut rewards like knwledge, entertainment, and scial cnnectin. All f thse things were much harder t find befre we had tiny cmputers at ur fingertips. Nw we d. Our phnes are basically all-yu-can-eat buffets fr ur brains, endlessly and easily serving up the things they want.(我们的大脑天生就会寻求知识、娱乐和社会联系等奖励。在我们指尖上有微型电脑之前，所有这些东西都很难找到。现在我们知道了。我们的手机基本上是我们大脑的自助餐，没完没了地、轻松地提供它们想要的东西)”可知，选项承接上文总结大脑的自我功能。故C选项“当然，我们的大脑会情不自禁地养活自己”切题。故选C项。
3．根据上文“A quick phne check prbably isn't ding yur brain any real harm.(快速查看一下电话可能不会对你的大脑造成任何真正的伤害)”根据下文“Over time, cnstant scrlling culd have a negative effect n yur jb perfrmance, relatinships, sleep, and pssibly even physical safety, if yu’re ding things like checking yur phne while yu walk r drive.(随着时间的推移，如果你在走路或开车的时候看手机，持续的滚动屏幕可能会对你的工作表现、人际关系、睡眠甚至人身安全产生负面影响)”可知，选项与上文为转折关系且承接下文说明量的积累会产生负面的影响。故G选项“但同样值得考虑的是，所有这些小的查看加起来是多少”切题。故选G项。
4．根据下文“When yu give in t yur urges and check yur phne, then feel guilty abut it, the feeling f failure adds shame t injury.(当你屈服于你的欲望，查看你的手机，然后感到内疚，失败的感觉增加了伤害的羞耻)”可知，选项承接下文说明另一个考虑因素是心理健康。故B选项“还有一个心理健康因素需要考虑”切题。故选B项。
5．根据下文“Fr example, next time yu catch yurself scrlling thrugh shrt vides withut even absrbing the cntent, think abut whether yu really want t be n yur phne, r yu are just putting ff a less-fun task.(例如，下次当你发现自己在浏览短视频时，甚至没有吸收内容，想想你是真的想玩手机，还是你只是在推迟一个不那么有趣的任务)”可知，下文通过具体实例说明上文要反思自己的行为。故F选项“花点时间问问自己是什么驱使着你的行为”切题，与下文话题一致。故选F项。
Passage 2
Dn’t Let Persnality Types Define Yu
Persnality tests, especially the Myers-Briggs type indicatr(MBT), are ppular tls that many peple use t better understand themselves and their relatinships with thers. MBTI srts peple int 16 different persnality types based n fur key categries. Althugh these tests can prvide useful insights, it’s imprtant nt t let them define r limit yu.
6 . But peple are cmplex. Our persnalities can change ver time, depending n experiences and grwth. What the MBTI test reveals is just a snapsht f ne’s preferences, nt a cmplete definitin f wh yu are. Fr example, if the test labels yu as an “intrvert” (性格内向的人), yu may feel tempted t avid scial cmmunicatin because yu think it’s nt in yur nature t be utging. But yu might find that yur ability t enjy scial events increases ver time. The key is nt t accept the label as an unchangeable fact. 7
Similarly, if yu are categrized as a “thinking” type, it might lead yu t believe that yu are always ratinal 8 Emtinal respnse is als an essential part f human nature, and embracing them can enhance yur decisin-making prcess and relatinships.
Additinally, many peple get caught up in the idea that their “type” limits their careers r persnal chices. They might think, fr instance, that an “intrvert” wuld nt be a gd leader. 9 . Many intrverts achieve success thrugh careful listening and thughtful decisin-making. Dn’t let de MBTI label stp yu frm pursuing pprtunities that feel right fr yu.
Finally, ne f the mst imprtant lessns we can learn frm the MBTI is that we are nt defined by ne test r label. 10 . By fcusing n ur strengths and embracing the full cmplexity f ur persnalities, we can lead richer and mre fulfilling lives. We are all mre than the labels we receive.
A．The reality is quite different.
B．The test results shuld be seen as a guide, nt a limitatin.
C．The MBTI system prvides a simple way t categrize individuals based n their preferences.
D．But there are cuntless examples f intrverts excelling in these types f rles.
E．Yu shuld see it as a starting pint fr self-reflectin and grwth.
F．Hwever, it’s essential t understand that bth parts f the persnality are valuable.
G．The MBTI system can smetimes prevent individuals frm realizing their full ptential.
【答案】6．C 7．E 8．F 9．D 10．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提醒勿让人格类型定义自己，指出MBTI测试有局限，应正确看待其结果以更好生活。
6．由上文“Persnality tests, especially the Myers-Briggs type indicatr (MBTI), are ppular tls that many peple use t better understand themselves and their relatinships with thers. MBTI srts peple int 16 different persnality types based n fur key categries.(人格测试，尤其是迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标（MBTI），是许多人用来更好地了解自己和与他人关系的流行工具。MBTI根据四个关键类别将人们分为16种不同的人格类型。)”可知，这里介绍了 MBTI 这种人格测试会将人按四个关键类别分为 16 种不同人格类型，空格处需要对其分类情况进一步说明来衔接后文，且后文“But peple are cmplex.(但人是复杂的。)”进行转折，而C项“The MBTI system prvides a simple way t categrize individuals based n their preferences.(MBTI系统提供了一种根据个人偏好对其进行分类的简单方法。)”符合语境，与前文衔接且能引出后文关于其局限性的阐述。故选C项。
7．由上文“The key is nt t accept the label as an unchangeable fact.(关键是不要接受标签是不可改变的事实。)”可知， 这里强调不要把标签当作不可改变的事实，空格处要进一步说明对待测试结果应有的正确做法，而E项“Yu shuld see it as a starting pint fr self-reflectin and grwth.(你应该把它看作是自我反思和成长的起点。)”符合此处语境，对前文进行了合理的延伸，其中it指代上文the label ，有承上作用。故选E项。
8．由上文“Similarly, if yu are categrized as a ‘thinking’ type, it might lead yu t believe that yu are always ratinal.(同样地，如果你被归类为‘思考’型，这可能会让你认为自己总是理性的。)”可知，这里提及被归为某类型后的片面认知，空格后“Emtinal respnse is als an essential part f human nature, and embracing them can enhance yur decisin-making prcess and relatinships.(情感反应也是人性的重要组成部分，接纳它们可以增强你的决策过程和人际关系。)” 强调情感的重要性，而F 项“Hwever, it’s essential t understand that bth parts f the persnality are valuable.(然而，重要的是要明白人格的这两部分都是有价值的。)”起到承上启下作用，指出人格两部分都有价值，使前后衔接自然。故选F项。
9．由上文“They might think, fr instance, that an ‘intrvert’ wuld nt be a gd leader.(例如，他们可能认为内向的人不会成为好的领导者。)”可知，这里举例说明人们对内向者在职场上的错误认知，空格后“Many intrverts achieve success thrugh careful listening and thughtful decisin-making.(许多内向者通过认真倾听和深思熟虑的决策取得了成功。)” 表明内向者也能成功，而D项“But there are cuntless examples f intrverts excelling in these types f rles.(但有无数内向者在这些角色中表现出色的例子。)” 能很好地衔接前后，用例子反驳前文观点。故选D项。
10．由上文“Finally, ne f the mst imprtant lessns we can learn frm the MBTI is that we are nt defined by ne test r label. (最后，我们可以从MBTI中学到的最重要的教训之一是，我们不是由一个测试或标签来定义的。)”可知，这里说明不能被测试或标签定义，空格处要进一步说明对测试结果的正确看法，而B项“The test results shuld be seen as a guide, nt a limitatin.(测试结果应该被看作是一种指导，而不是一种限制。)”指出应把测试结果当作指导而非限制，与后文“By fcusing n ur strengths and embracing the full cmplexity f ur persnalities, we can lead richer and mre fulfilling lives.(通过关注我们的优势并接纳我们个性的全部复杂性，我们可以过上更丰富、更充实的生活。)” 相呼应，符合文意。故选B项。
Passage 3
A new study n plastic waste has named Cca-Cla, PepsiC, Nestlé and Danne as the biggest surces at plastic pllutin in the wrld. 11 They lked at 84 cuntries t see where their plastic garbage came frm.
Between 2018 and 2022, mre than 100, 000 vlunteers cllected plastic waste frm beaches, parks, rivers, and cither sites. 12 Much f the waste was single-use fd and drink cntainers. In ther wrds, cups, glasses and cntainers that nly get used nce and then thrwn in the garbage.
13 PepsiC was respnsible fr mre than 45, 000 pieces (5 percent), and Nestle and Danne were each respnsible fr mre than 27, 000 pieces (3 percent). Altgether, 56 cmpanies is t blame fr the plastic waste.
14 Animals, birds and fish can eat, chke n, r becme tangled (缠绕) in pieces f thrw-away plastic. Peple can absrb micrplastics thrugh ur fd r water. Plastic als cntributes t glbal warming, because fssil fuels arc used t manufacture plastics. Mre than 400 millin metric tns f plastic are prduced every year. 15
In late April, members f the Intergvernmental Negtiating Cmmittee-a special United Natins cmmittee n the envirnment-met in Ottawa t discuss ways t end plastic pllutin.
A．An envirnmental grup did the study.
B．Plastic waste is harmful t the envirnment.
C．Plastic waste can be kept under cntrl
D．Half f that will end up as rubbish in less than a year.
E．Reducing the amunt f plastic is even mre imprtant.
F．Mre than 100,000 pieces came frm Cca-Cla prducts.
G．They gathered mre than 1.8 millin pieces f plastic garbage.
【答案】11．A 12．G 13．F 14．B 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍可口可乐、百事可乐等饮料制造的垃圾世界第一。
11．根据上文“A new study n plastic waste has named Cca-Cla, PepsiC, Nestlé and Danne as the biggest surces at plastic pllutin in the wrld.(一项关于塑料垃圾的新研究称，可口可乐、百事可乐、雀巢和达能是世界上最大的塑料污染源)”以及后文“They lked at 84 cuntries t see where their plastic garbage came frm.(他们调查了84个国家，看看他们的塑料垃圾来自哪里)”可知，上文谈到一项关于塑料垃圾的新研究将可口可乐、百事可乐、雀巢和达能列为世界上最大的塑料污染源，下文谈到他们考察了84个国家和地区，以了解他们的塑料垃圾来自哪里。A项中的the study与第一句话中的A new study呼应，下句中的They指的是A项的An envirnmental grup。故A选项“一个环保组织做了这项研究”符合语境，故选A。
12．根据上文“Between 2018 and 2022, mre than 100, 000 vlunteers cllected plastic waste frm beaches, parks, rivers, and cither sites.(在2018年至2022年期间，超过10万名志愿者从海滩、公园、河流和其他地方收集塑料垃圾)”以及后文“Much f the waste was single-use fd and drink cntainers. In ther wrds, cups, glasses and cntainers that nly get used nce and then thrwn in the garbage.(大部分垃圾是一次性食品和饮料容器。换句话说，就是那些只使用一次就被扔进垃圾桶的杯子、玻璃杯和容器)”可知，上文提到收集塑料垃圾，后文对垃圾的种类进行了说明，推测本句是在说明收集垃圾的数量情况。故G选项“他们收集了180多万件塑料垃圾”符合语境，故选G。
13．根据后文“PepsiC was respnsible fr mre than 45,000 pieces (5 percent), and Nestle and Danne were each respnsible fr mre than 27, 000 pieces (3 percent).(百事公司负责超过45000件（5%），雀巢和达能各负责超过27000件（3%）)”可知，本句与后文为并列关系，都是对各种饮料品牌产生的垃圾占比的分析。故F选项“超过10万件来自可口可乐产品”符合语境，故选F。
14．根据后文“Animals, birds and fish can eat, chke n, r becme tangled (缠绕) in pieces f thrw-away plastic.(动物、鸟类和鱼类可能会吃到、呛到或缠在一次性塑料碎片上)”可知，空后一句谈到，动物、鸟类和鱼类可以吃塑料、室息或被丢弃的塑料片缠绕，可知本段讲述塑料的危害。故B选项“塑料垃圾对环境有害”符合语境，故选B。
15．根据上文“Mre than 400 millin metric tns f plastic are prduced every year.(每年生产的塑料超过4亿吨)”可知，空前一句谈到每年生产超过4亿公吨塑料。D项中的Half f that与其呼应，that是关键词，指的是上文提到的4亿公吨塑料中的一半不到一年成为垃圾。故D选项“其中一半将在不到一年的时间里变成垃圾”符合语境，故选D。
Passage 4
Gd psture (体态) is ften misunderstd as frcing yur spine (脊柱) t stand at attentin like a sldier. 16 It has gt sme pretty cl curves — a backward curve in yur lwer back, a frward curve in yur upper back, and anther backward curve in yur neck. Maintaining these natural curves is essential fr aviding unnecessary stress n the muscles.
Since psture is nt abut staying still like a statue, the best psture guidelines encurage mvement whenever pssible t help maintain cmfrt thrughut the day. Get up, stretch, r mve arund every thirty t sixty minutes. 17
In a sitting psitin, gd psture means planting yur feet flat n the flr, keeping yur knees slightly mre than a 90-degree angle, and making sure thse natural spine curves stay natural. 18 Additinally, yur shulders shuld be back, and yur head shuld be aligned (对齐) with yur spine. Bnus tip: using a supprtive chair r standing desk can make this whle psture game a lt easier — especially if yu’re sitting r standing fr hurs.
19 It ffers several physical benefits, including reducing the risk f injury, relieving muscle tensin, imprving balance, and increasing energy. It helps keep yur bnes and muscles in the right psitin, preventing prblems like cmpressed nerves, injuries frm repetitive mvements, and pain in the back, neck, and limbs. 20 Studies shw that sitting upright can lift yur spirits, cut dwn stress, and even help yu fcus better.
A．It is a md bster t.
B．Hwever, this is nt the truth.
C．Prper psture results in lng-term well-being.
D．Standing prperly is as imprtant as sitting crrectly.
E．Actually, yur spine isn’t suppsed t be pker-straight.
F．When standing, distribute yur weight evenly n bth feet.
G．It’s like giving yur bdy a mini refresh buttn t keep yur bld flwing.
【答案】16．E 17．G 18．F 19．C 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了保持良好体态的重要性及其正确做法。
16．上文提到“Gd psture is ften misunderstd as frcing yur spine t stand at attentin like a sldier.(良好的体态经常被误解为像士兵一样让脊柱挺直站立)”，而下文“It has gt sme pretty cl curves — a backward curve in yur lwer back, a frward curve in yur upper back, and anther backward curve in yur neck. (它有一些很酷的曲线——你的下背部向后弯曲，你的上背部向前弯曲，还有你的脖子向后弯曲。)”则描述了脊柱实际上具有一些自然的曲线。因此，这里需要一个转折句来连接上下文，指出上述理解并非事实。E选项“Actually, yur spine isn’t suppsed t be pker-straight.(实际上，你的脊柱不应该像扑克牌一样笔直)”正好起到了这个转折的作用，说明了脊柱并非需要完全挺直，而是有其自然的曲线，符合题意。故选E。
17．上文提到“Since psture is nt abut staying still like a statue, the best psture guidelines encurage mvement whenever pssible t help maintain cmfrt thrughut the day.(由于体态并非像雕像一样静止不动，因此最佳的体态指南鼓励尽可能多地活动身体，以帮助整天保持舒适)”和“Get up, stretch, r mve arund every thirty t sixty minutes.(每三十到六十分钟起身、伸展或四处走动)”，这里强调了活动身体的重要性。G选项“It’s like giving yur bdy a mini refresh buttn t keep yur bld flwing.(这就像给你的身体按下一个小型刷新按钮，让血液保持流动)”用了一个生动的比喻，进一步解释了定期活动身体的好处，即可以促进血液循环，与上文内容紧密相连。故选G。
18．上文“In a sitting psitin, gd psture means planting yur feet flat n the flr, keeping yur knees slightly mre than a 90-degree angle, and making sure thse natural spine curves stay natural. (在坐姿中，良好的姿势意味着双脚平放在地板上，膝盖保持90度以上的角度，并确保那些自然的脊柱曲线保持自然)”提到在坐姿中保持良好体态的具体做法，包括双脚平放在地板上、膝盖保持略大于90度的角度等，以确保脊柱的自然曲线得到保持。F选项“When standing, distribute yur weight evenly n bth feet.(站立时，将体重均匀分布在双脚上)”则转向了站立时的体态要求，与上文的坐姿要求形成对应，同时作为对坐姿要求的一个补充，说明了无论是坐还是站，都需要保持正确的体态。此外，下文提到的“yur shulders shuld be back, and yur head shuld be aligned with yur spine(你的肩膀应该向后，你的头应该与你的脊柱对齐)”也是站立时体态的一部分，进一步印证了F选项的正确性。故选F。
19．下文提到“It ffers several physical benefits, including reducing the risk f injury, relieving muscle tensin, imprving balance, and increasing energy.(它提供了多种身体益处，包括降低受伤风险、缓解肌肉紧张、改善平衡和增加能量)”，这里列举了保持良好体态所带来的身体方面的好处。C选项“Prper psture results in lng-term well-being.(正确的体态带来长期的健康)”作为本段的主旨句，概括了保持良好体态对长期健康的重要性。故选C。
20．上文“It helps keep yur bnes and muscles in the right psitin, preventing prblems like cmpressed nerves, injuries frm repetitive mvements, and pain in the back, neck, and limbs.(它有助于保持你的骨骼和肌肉在正确的位置，防止神经受压、重复运动造成的损伤、背部、颈部和四肢疼痛等问题)”提到保持正确体态可以帮助骨骼和肌肉保持在正确位置，预防一系列身体问题。A选项“It is a md bster t.(它还能提升情绪)”则作为对上文内容的补充，指出了保持良好体态除了对身体有益外，还能对情绪产生积极影响。下文“Studies shw that sitting upright can lift yur spirits, cut dwn stress, and even help yu fcus better.(研究表明，坐直可以提升你的情绪，减少压力，甚至帮助你更好地集中注意力)”进一步支持了A选项的观点，说明了正确体态对情绪的具体益处。故选A。
Passage 5
A lw-carbn lifestyle is ne that aims t reduce greenhuse gas emissins and minimize the impact f human activities n the climate. 21 , such as using renewable energy, eating less meat, traveling by public transprt, recycling, and planting trees. But what are the benefits and challenges f adpting a lw-carbn lifestyle?
One f the main benefits f adpting a lw-carbn lifestyle is that it can help t prtect the envirnment. By reducing yur carbn ftprint, yu can cntribute t lwering the glbal temperature, preserving natural resurces, preventing bidiversity lss, and imprving air quality. 22 . It supprts the transitin t a circular ecnmy, in which materials are reused and recycled instead f being thrwn away.
Anther benefit f adpting a lw-carbn lifestyle is that it can imprve yur health and well-being. 23 . A lw-carbn lifestyle can als enhance yur scial and emtinal well-being by fstering a sense f cmmunity, purpse, and satisfactin.
24 . One f the main challenges is t change yur habits and behavirs, which can be influenced by varius factrs, such as culture, cnvenience, cmfrt, and cst. Fr example, yu may find it hard t give up yur car, yur favrite fd, r yur fast fashin purchases, even if yu knw they are harmful t the envirnment.
Despite the challenges, adpting a lw-carbn lifestyle is pssible and rewarding. 25 . Seek inspiratin and supprt frm thers wh have adpted a lw-carbn lifestyle, as well as frm experts r rganizatins that can help yu with yur prjects. Additinally, be creative and flexible with yur lifestyle by experimenting with different ptins and slutins. Finally, embrace the diversity and richness f a lw-carbn lifestyle t enjy the variety and nvelty f yur experiences.
A．It can invlve varius chices and actins
B．Changing habits and behavirs isn’t difficult
C．A lw-carbn lifestyle can als reduce waste and pllutin
D．Hwever, adpting a lw-carbn lifestyle is nt always easy
E．Mre and mre peple wnder hw t adpt a lw-carbn lifestyle
F．T begin with, yu need t start small by setting realistic and measurable gals
G．Many lw-carbn activities, such as walking, can bst yur physical and mental fitness
【答案】21．A 22．C 23．G 24．D 25．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了低碳生活的种种好处，并对如何开始低碳生活提出了建议。
21．根据前文“A lw-carbn lifestyle is ne that aims t reduce greenhuse gas emissins and minimize the impact f human activities n the climate.(低碳生活方式旨在减少温室气体排放，将人类活动对气候的影响降至最低。)”和后文“such as using renewable energy, eating less meat, traveling by public transprt, recycling, and planting trees.(例如使用可再生能源，少吃肉，乘坐公共交通工具，回收利用和植树。)”可知，此处是指低碳生活方式有很多选择和形式，所以选项A“它可以包含各种选择和行动”切合文意故选A。
22．根据前文“By reducing yur carbn ftprint, yu can cntribute t lwering the glbal temperature, preserving natural resurces, preventing bidiversity lss, and imprving air quality.(通过减少碳足迹，你可以为降低全球气温、保护自然资源、防止生物多样性丧失和改善空气质量做出贡献。)”和后文“It supprts the transitin t a circular ecnmy, in which materials are reused and recycled instead f being thrwn away.(它支持向循环经济的过渡，在循环经济中，材料被重复使用和回收，而不是被扔掉。)”可知，此处是讲低碳生活的好处还包括减少浪费和污染，所以选项C“低碳的生活方式还可以减少浪费和污染”切合文意。故选C。
23．根据前文“Anther benefit f adpting a lw-carbn lifestyle is that it can imprve yur health and well-being.(采用低碳生活方式的另一个好处是它可以改善你的健康和幸福。)”和后文“A lw-carbn lifestyle can als enhance yur scial and emtinal well-being by fstering a sense f cmmunity, purpse, and satisfactin.(低碳生活方式还可以通过培养社区意识、使命感和满足感来增强你的社交和情感幸福感。)”可知，此处是指低碳生活有益于身心健康，所以选项G“许多低碳活动，如散步，可以促进你的身心健康”切合文意。故选G。
24．根据后文“One f the main challenges is t change yur habits and behavirs, which can be influenced by varius factrs, such as culture, cnvenience, cmfrt, and cst(其中一个主要的挑战是改变你的习惯和行为，这可能受到各种因素的影响，比如文化、便利、舒适和成本)”可知，此处是讲改变原本的行为习惯并不容易，所以选项D“然而，采用低碳生活方式并不总是那么容易”切合文意。故选D。
25．根据后文“Seek inspiratin and supprt frm thers wh have adpted a lw-carbn lifestyle, as well as frm experts r rganizatins that can help yu with yur prjects. Additinally, be creative and flexible with yur lifestyle by experimenting with different ptins and slutins. Finally, embrace the diversity and richness f a lw-carbn lifestyle t enjy the variety and nvelty f yur experiences.(从其他采用低碳生活方式的人那里寻求灵感和支持，也可以从专家或组织那里寻求帮助。此外，通过尝试不同的选择和解决方案，对你的生活方式保持创造性和灵活性。最后，拥抱低碳生活方式的多样性和丰富性，享受你体验的多样性和新颖性。)”可知，此处是讲如何开始低碳生活，所以选项E“越来越多的人想知道如何采取低碳的生活方式”切合文意。故选E。
题型二 段中句
Passage 1
The wrld cheered when 12 bys and their ftball cach, wh had been trapped in a cave in nrthern Thailand fr ver tw weeks, were rescued n July 10. The cach, a 25-year-ld frmer mnk named Ekapl Chantawng, reprtedly taught the bys meditatin t pass the time, stay calm, and cnserve energy. 1 S, what exactly is meditatin, and can it truly be beneficial?
Meditatin, a practice with rts in varius philsphies, fundamentally invlves mindfulness f the present mment. In mindfulness meditatin, individuals strive t shift attentin away frm distracting thughts and fcus nly n the here and nw. 2 Even briefly silencing ne’s mind amidst wrk pressures r digital distractins requires practice.
Meditatin cntributes t imprving nt just mental, but physical health as well. Studies have shwn that it can increase immune functin and reduce chrnic pain. Meditatin has als prven t be effective in decreasing instances f depressin, anxiety and stress. It can als sharpen yur mind, help yur fcus and attentin, and imprve yur memry. 3
4 A few minutes each day can make a difference. Set aside bth time and space, because rushing thrugh it wuld defeat the purpse. Wear cmfrtable clthing and find a quiet spt away frm distractins like TVs r pets. Sit crss-legged n the flr r upright in a chair, aviding lying dwn t prevent sleepiness. As yu settle, breathe deeply and bserve yur immediate sensatins withut judgment.
Initially, it might be tugh t quiet the nise in yur head. 5 Over time, meditatin will definitely becme a cmfrtable and rewarding practice, fstering inner peace and enhancing verall wellbeing.
A．Keep practicing and dn’t give up!
B．T embark n a meditatin jurney, start small.
C．Guided meditatins can help beginners get started.
D．Mindfulness can be applied t everyday activities.
E．Despite its simplicity, mastering this technique can be challenging.
F．That is why sme schls have started teaching mindfulness techniques.
G．This practice did help them maintain mental strength during hardship.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．B 5．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了冥想的定义、好处以及如何开始练习冥想。
1．根据上文“The cach, a 25-year-ld frmer mnk named Ekapl Chantawng, reprtedly taught the bys meditatin t pass the time, stay calm, and cnserve energy.(据报道，25岁的教练埃卡波·占塔旺曾是一名僧人，他教这些男孩冥想，以消磨时间、保持冷静和保存能量)”推知空处陈述冥想的作用。选项G“这种做法确实帮助他们在困难时期保持精神力量”符合题意。故选G。
2．根据上文“Meditatin, a practice with rts in varius philsphies, fundamentally invlves mindfulness f the present mment. In mindfulness meditatin, individuals strive t shift attentin away frm distracting thughts and fcus nly n the here and nw.(冥想是一种根植于各种哲学的练习，从根本上说，它涉及到对当下的专注。在正念冥想中，人们努力将注意力从分散注意力的想法中转移出来，只关注此时此地)”以及后文“Even briefly silencing ne’s mind amidst wrk pressures r digital distractins requires practice.(即使是在工作压力或数字干扰下短暂地让自己的大脑安静下来，也需要练习)”可知，尽管冥想有其哲学根源和看似简单的本质，但要真正精通却需要时间和努力，说明冥想具有复杂性和挑战性。E选项“尽管这个方法很简单，但是掌握它却很有挑战性”符合语境，故选E。
3．根据前一句“It can als sharpen yur mind, help yur fcus and attentin, and imprve yur memry.(它还可以使你的思维敏捷，帮助你集中注意力，提高你的记忆力)”提到冥想对提高注意力、记忆力等方面的益处，因此需要一个句子来进一步解释这些益处的影响。选项F“这就是为什么一些学校开始教授正念技巧”与前文衔接紧密。故选F。
4．根据后文“A few minutes each day can make a difference. Set aside bth time and space, because rushing thrugh it wuld defeat the purpse. Wear cmfrtable clthing and find a quiet spt away frm distractins like TVs r pets. Sit crss-legged n the flr r upright in a chair, aviding lying dwn t prevent sleepiness. As yu settle, breathe deeply and bserve yur immediate sensatins withut judgment.(每天只花几分钟就能带来不同。留出时间和空间，因为匆匆而过会破坏目的。穿舒适的衣服，找一个安静的地方，远离电视或宠物等干扰。盘腿坐在地板上或坐在椅子上，避免躺下，以免困。静下心来，深呼吸，不加评判地观察自己的即时感受)”可知，这一段开始介绍如何开始冥想。选项B“开始冥想之旅，从小处开始”告诉读者开始冥想旅程要从小事做起，符合题意，开启下文。故选B。
5．根据上文“Initially, it might be tugh t quiet the nise in yur head.(一开始，可能很难让你头脑中的噪音安静下来)”提到一开始可能会很难让头脑安静下来，因此需要一个鼓励性的句子来激励读者继续练习。选项A“坚持练习，不要放弃！”符合题意。故选A。
Passage 2
Neediness, a silent relatinship killer, slips int ur scial lives and causes truble. But dn’t fear. 6 The key is building up cnfidence. When yu feel cnfident, the eagerness t depend t much n thers fades. Let’s explre hw t take cntrl f ur emtinal well-being and imprve ur relatinships.
Call ther peple nce in a while. Fcusing yur life arund just ne persn isn’t gd fr yur mental health r self-esteem (自尊). 7 Make it a pint t g ut regularly and engage with a diverse range f peple. Instead f puring all yur energy int a single friendship, reach ut t ther friends in yur circle. By ding s, yu’ll get t enjy all the ther persnalities that fill yur life.
8 Odds are, if yu struggle with neediness, yu’re prbably a little lacking in the self-esteem department. 9 Yu might be lking fr smene t make yu feel better abut yurself, but the fact is that yu are the nly persn wh can really d that. Dn’t base happiness n smene else while they can cntribute. If they’re yur nly surce f happiness, yu might becme angry r sad whenever they’re nt arund.
Learn t trust. After srting yur inner issues, handle peple-related nes. Neediness links t lack f trust and fear f abandnment. 10 Is it because f their fault r yur wn? If it’s the latter, remind yurself that it’s unfair t judge ne by anther’s actins. If they deserve yur trust, give it t them.
A．Wrk n yur self-esteem.
B．There are ways t break free.
C．Respect ther peple’s wishes.
D．When dubting smene, ask why.
E．If the persn reaches ut, it’ll be a nice surprise, nt desperate relief.
F．Peple ften get needy when they vervalue thers and undervalue themselves.
G．It’s helpful t establish habits and rutines that encurage scial interactin.
【答案】6．B 7．G 8．A 9．F 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在人际关系中如何克服过度依赖的问题，强调了建立自信、学会信任、关注自身价值以及保持社交平衡等方面的重要性。
6．上文“Neediness, a silent relatinship killer, slips int ur scial lives and causes truble. But dn’t fear.(情感依赖，这种无声的关系破坏者，悄悄潜入我们的社交生活并引发问题。但不要害怕)”以及下文“The key is building up cnfidence.(关键是建立信心)”说明情感依赖会对人际关系造成负面影响，但不要害怕，会有方法解决这个问题。空处承上启下，说明有方法可以摆脱这种困境，并引出下文中的摆脱问题的关键。所以B项“有办法可以摆脱这种困境。”符合语境。故选B。
7．上文“Call ther peple nce in a while. Fcusing yur life arund just ne persn isn’t gd fr yur mental health r self-esteem (自尊).(偶尔联系其他人。将你的生活完全围绕一个人展开对你的心理健康和自尊心都不利)”说明专注于一个人对心理健康和自尊心不利。G项中的“establish habits and rutines that encurage scial interactin”和上文中的“Call ther peple nce in a while.”相呼应，说明应该鼓励社交互动，而不是只关注一个人。所以G项“建立鼓励社交互动的习惯和惯例是有帮助的。”符合语境。故选G。
8．下文“Odds are, if yu struggle with neediness, yu’re prbably a little lacking in the self-esteem department.(很可能，如果你在情感依赖方面有困扰，那么你的自尊心可能有些不足)”说明本段主要讲述了自尊与依赖心理的关系。A项“培养自尊”，与下文话题一致，适合作为段落首句。故选A。
9．上文“Odds are, if yu struggle with neediness, yu’re prbably a little lacking in the self-esteem department.(很可能，如果你在情感依赖方面有困扰，那么你的自尊心可能有些不足)”以及下文“Yu might be lking fr smene t make yu feel better abut yurself, but the fact is that yu are the nly persn wh can really d that. Dn’t base happiness n smene else while they can cntribute.(你可能在寻找一个人来让你对自己感觉更好，但事实上，只有你自己才能真正做到这一点。虽然他人可以为你的幸福做出贡献，但不要把幸福完全寄托在别人身上)”说明如果你为依赖心理所困扰，那你可能在自尊方面有点欠缺。F项中的“vervalue thers and undervalue themselves”与上文“lacking in the self-esteem”相呼应，进一步解释了自尊欠缺可能让人们变得情感依赖，并引出下文中情感依赖的表现。所以F项“人们常常在过度看重他人而低估自己的价值时变得情感依赖。”符合语境。故选F。
10．上文“Neediness links t lack f trust and fear f abandnment.(情感依赖与缺乏信任和对被抛弃的恐惧有关)”以及下文“Is it because f their fault r yur wn? If it’s the latter, remind yurself that it’s unfair t judge ne by anther’s actins.(是因为他们的错还是你自己的错？如果是后者，请提醒自己，以貌取人是不公平的)”说明依赖心理与缺乏信任和害怕被抛弃有关。空处提出了一个建议，即在怀疑别人时要问为什么，D项中的“dubting smene”和上文中的“lack f trust and fear f abandnment”相呼应，所以D项“当怀疑别人时，问为什么。”符合语境，是一个处理人际关系中信任问题的具体方法。故选D。
Passage 3
Hw t Study Withut Getting Bred
Studying is nt always the mst interesting task within yur day, but it is a necessary ne. Even thugh it is required, everyne has gtten bred at ne time r anther while studying. 11 There are sme suggestins yu can fllw.
Mix up yur tpics. T help yu nt get bred, yu shuld change up the tpics that yu are studying. It is unlikely that yu nly have ne subject t study fr at a time s mix up what yu study every half an hur t an hur r s. Fr example, study histry fr 45 minutes, English fr 45 minutes, and math fr 45 minutes. 12
Take ntes as yu g. While yu are reading a chapter in a textbk, have a ntebk ut and take dwn imprtant ntes abut what yu are reading. Nt nly will it help keep yu engaged, yu will als be learning mre because yu prcess the infrmatin as yu read it. 13 This will make the task visually appealing t yu and help keep yu interested in yur ntes.
Avid electrnics. If yu have yur cell phne r laptp right with yu when yu study, yu are less likely t pay attentin t studying and will becme bred mre easily. 14 If yu really need t have yur laptp fr study materials, avid ging n scial media sites, r playing games.
15 One reasn why yu get bred may be that yu have n clear idea f where yur study sessin is ging r what yu need t accmplish. Plan ahead and have what yu want t d in yur mind befre yu begin t study. Lay ut what yu knw yu need t get accmplished and hw lng yu need t take t cmplete it. A clear bjective will help yu get rid f bredm.
A．Plan yur end gals.
B．Pick clrful highlighters.
C．Hw t keep bredm away?
D．Yu may be accustmed t electrnics.
E．Leave yur phne and laptp smewhere ut f sight.
F．If yu switch it ften, yu wn’t be likely t get bred.
G．Different subjects help yu maintain yur mtivatin fr learning.
【答案】11．C 12．F 13．B 14．E 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些如何学习而不感到无聊的建议。
11．由标题“Hw t Study Withut Getting Bred (如何学习而不感到无聊)”，上文“Even thugh it is required, everyne has gtten bred at ne time r anther while studying. (尽管这是必需的，但每个人在学习时都会时不时地感到无聊)”，下文“There are sme suggestins yu can fllw. (您可以遵循一些建议)”和各段首句“Mix up yur tpics. (把你的科目打乱)”，“Take ntes as yu g. (边阅读边记笔记)”及“Avid electrnics. (避免电子产品)”可知，本文主讲一些如何学习而不感到无聊的建议，此处应引出整篇的主题是避免学习时感到无聊，C选项“如何避免无聊？”切合语境。故选C项。
12．由上文“It is unlikely that yu nly have ne subject t study fr at a time s mix up what yu study every half an hur t an hur r s. Fr example, study histry fr 45 minutes, English fr 45 minutes, and math fr 45 minutes. (你不太可能一次只学习一门学科，所以把你每半小时到一个小时左右学习的内容弄混。例如，学习历史45分钟，英语45分钟，数学45分钟)”可知，下文通过举例表明改变学习科目有助于避免无聊，F选项“如果你经常换科目，你就不太可能感到无聊。”切合语境，选项中it指代上文subject。故选F项。
13．由本段首句“Take ntes as yu g. (边阅读边记笔记)”可知本段中心为避免学习时感到无聊的建议二：边走边记笔记，强调记笔记这个行为，结合下文“This will make the task visually appealing t yu and help keep yu interested in yur ntes. (这将使任务在视觉上吸引你，并帮助你对笔记保持兴趣)”讲有东西让记笔记在视觉上有吸引力并让你保持记笔记的兴趣，可得出该空内容与“让笔记更有吸引力”有关，B选项“挑选彩色荧光笔。”切合语境。故选B项。
14．由标题“Avid electrnics. (避免电子产品)”可知本段中心为避免学习时感到无聊的建议三：避免电子产品，结合上文“If yu have yur cell phne r laptp right with yu when yu study, yu are less likely t pay attentin t studying and will becme bred mre easily. (如果你在学习时随身携带手机或笔记本电脑，你就不太可能专心学习，也更容易感到无聊)”指出不避免电子设备干扰的后果，可得出该空内容与远离电子设备相关，E选项“把你的手机和笔记本电脑放在看不见的地方。”切合语境。故选E项。
15．该空选取主题句，需总结下文。由下文“One reasn why yu get bred may be that yu have n clear idea f where yur study sessin is ging r what yu need t accmplish. Plan ahead and have what yu want t d in yur mind befre yu begin t study. Lay ut what yu knw yu need t get accmplished and hw lng yu need t take t cmplete it. A clear bjective will help yu get rid f bredm. (你感到无聊的一个原因可能是你不清楚你的学习课程的目标，或者你需要完成什么。在开始学习之前，提前计划好你想做什么。列出你知道你需要完成的事情以及完成它需要多长时间。一个明确的目标将帮助你摆脱无聊)”可知，下文建议计划好学习目标，有助于消除无聊，A选项“计划好你的最终目标。”切合语境。故选A项。
Passage 4
Many peple are never taught etiquette (礼节) rules arund great srrw r hw t talk abut death、which can lead t sme unfrtunate mistakes. Expressing cmfrt in the right way is nt an easy thing fr yu. Remember, first and fremst: Peple wh are feeling srrw need t be engaged with kindness and sympathy. 16 Then, find better alternatives that ffer true cncern and supprt. Here are a few imprtant blanket guidelines.
Dn’t use platitudes (陈词滥调). Think: cmmn sayings like “sending thughts and prayers” r “everything will wrk ut fr the best.” 17 Instead, aim fr sympathetic cnnectins that are sincere, heartfelt wrds individualized t that persn.
D tailr yur statement t the relatinship. 18 Fr instance, smene wh has lst a parent may need t hear smething a little different than smene wh lst a high schl friend. When smene is experiencing intense srrw, yu shuldn’t try t “fix” it r explain it. Say this instead: “Tell me abut him/ her.”
19 It’s perfectly fine t say smething like, “I dn’t knw what t say right nw, but I’m s srry fr yur lss.” Empathy (共情) is a pwerful frm f supprt. Yu can just be here with them in this mment.
D aplgize if necessary. Even when yu g int it with the best f intentins, there are sme mistakes peple ften make when talking abut srrw. Fr example, when yu understandably want t lve and supprt them, but yur wrds dn’t always cme acrss as supprtive r cmfrting as they mean them t be. Mistakes and misunderstandings are unavailable. 20
A．D admit yu are nervus.
B．Abve all, figure ut cmmn phrases t avid.
C．D tell yu knw what they are ging thrugh.
D．Dn’t claim that yu fully knw what they are ging thrugh.
E．The key is t face them, ffer an aplgy and d better next time.
F．These types f impersnal messages can make the sufferer feel dismissed and unheard.
G．Acknwledge the relatinship that the srrwful persn had t the persn wh has passed n.
【答案】16．B 17．F 18．G 19．A 20．E
【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章旨在向读者解释和阐述在面对他人丧亲时，应如何正确表达慰问和支持的方法。文章通过列举具体的例子和建议，提供了实用的沟通指南。
16．上文“Remember, first and fremst: Peple wh are feeling srrw need t be engaged with kindness and sympathy. (记住，首先最重要的是：对感到悲伤的人要以善良和同情的态度对待)”，说明对待悲伤者应有的态度。空处承接上文，进一步说明对待悲伤者时应避免使用的一些话语。B选项“Abve all, figure ut cmmn phrases t avid (最重要的是，要弄清楚要避免哪些常见的说法)”符合语境，其中的“Abve all”与上文的“first and fremst”相呼应，且“figure ut cmmn phrases t avid”引出了下文要讲述的内容。故选B。
17．上文“Think: cmmn sayings like “sending thughts and prayers” r “everything will wrk ut fr the best.” (想想：比如“送上思念和祈祷”或“一切都会好起来的”这样的常见说法)”，说明了一些常见的但可能不够真诚的表达。空处承接上文，进一步说明这些常见说法可能带来的问题。F选项“These types f impersnal messages can make the sufferer feel dismissed and unheard (这类没有人情味的信息可能会让受害者感到被忽视和无人倾听)”符合语境，其中“These types f impersnal messages”指的就是上文提到的常见说法。故选F。
18．下文“Fr instance, smene wh has lst a parent may need t hear smething a little different than smene wh lst a high schl friend. (例如，失去父母的人可能需要听到一些与失去高中朋友的人略有不同的话)”，说明对待不同关系的人，表达同情的方式应有所不同。空处承接下文，说明在表达同情时，要考虑到悲伤者与逝者的关系。G选项“Acknwledge the relatinship that the srrwful persn had t the persn wh has passed n (承认悲伤者与逝者之间的关系)”符合语境，其中的“the relatinship that the srrwful persn had t the persn wh has passed n”与下文的“smene wh has lst a parent”和“smene wh lst a high schl friend”相呼应。故选G。
19．上文“When smene is experiencing intense srrw, yu shuldn’t try t “fix” it r explain it. Say this instead: “Tell me abut him/ her.” (当有人经历强烈的悲伤时，你不应该试图去“解决”它或解释它。相反，你应该说：“告诉我关于他/她的事。”)”说明当有人经历强烈的悲伤时，应该倾听而不是解释或解决。空处承上启下，进一步说明在倾听时要避免什么。A选项“D admit yu are nervus. (务必承认你很紧张)”符合语境，引出下文。故选A。
20．上文“Mistakes and misunderstandings are unavailable. (错误和误解是不可避免的)”说明错误和误解是不可避免的，空处承接上文，进一步说明对待错误和误解的态度。E选项中的“face them, ffer an aplgy and d better next time”和上文中的“are unavailable”相呼应，说明要正视错误和误解，道歉并在下次做得更好。所以E选项“The key is t face them, ffer an aplgy and d better next time. (关键是要面对它们，道歉，并在下次做得更好)”符合语境。故选E。
Passage 5
In recent years, utdr sprts have becme increasingly ppular. Accrding t the General Administratin f Sprt, ver 400 millin participatins in utdr activities have been recrded natinwide, with thse brn in the 1980s and 1990s leading the trend. 21 This has led sme t assciate utdr sprts with heightened risks.
Driven by the desire t share “brave explrer” mments nline r a “cme all the way up here” mindset, many beginners t utdr adventure withut prper preparatin. In reality, utdr activities can be dangerus withut adequate skills and risk awareness. Beginners wh ignre ptential dangers may face hypthermia (失温) when hiking t high altitudes, get lst in frests, r be caught in thunderstrms. 22
S, hw can we make utdr sprts safer? 23 Befre heading ut, research the envirnment, climate, and seasnal cnditins t chse a safe rute and avid risky r hard-t-access spts. Always check the weather frecast and prepare prper plans. Knwing the trail’s elevatin, difficulty level, supply pints and emergency statins is crucial, and planning alternative escape rutes can be life-saving. 24 Layered clthing is essential t adapt t changing weather cnditins. Fllw the principle f “remve layers when warm, add layers when cld and change clthes when wet”. This includes misture-wicking (吸湿排汗的) inner layers, insulating (绝缘的) mid-layers and waterprf uter layers t stay warm and dry.
25 Remember t tell friends r family abut yur rute and estimated return time s they can assist if needed. With prper preparatin and safety measures, these adventures can be bth exciting and rewarding.
A．Having the right equipment is equally imprtant.
B．On the whle, utdr sprts shuld nt be a risky game.
C．A well-thught-ut plan and thrugh preparatin are vital.
D．All in all, utdr sprts can bring great fun and knwledge.
E．Hwever, the rise in accidents has cast a shadw n this enthusiasm.
F．These incidents highlight that utdr sprts are far mre than a simple trip.
G．They ften lack the necessary equipment and awareness t ensure their safety.
【答案】21．E 22．F 23．C 24．A 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了户外运动的流行、存在的风险及如何确保户外运动安全的方法。
21．由上文“In recent years, utdr sprts have becme increasingly ppular. Accrding t the General Administratin f Sprt, ver 400 millin participatins in utdr activities have been recrded natinwide, with thse brn in the 1980s and 1990s leading the trend. (近年来，户外运动越来越受欢迎。根据国家体育总局的数据，全国有超过4亿人参加户外活动，其中20世纪80年代和90年代出生的人引领了这一趋势。)”和下文“This has led sme t assciate utdr sprts with heightened risks. (这导致一些人将户外运动与更高的风险联系起来。)”可知，上文提到了户外运动越来越受欢迎，且主要是80后和90后在引领这一潮流，但下文提到一些人认为户外运动风险更高，本空应说明户外运动存在一些风险。E选项“Hwever, the rise in accidents has cast a shadw n this enthusiasm. (然而，事故的增加给这种热情蒙上了阴影。)”中的Hwever表示转折，指出户外运动虽然受欢迎但是事故的增加给这一趋势带来了负面影响，能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
22．由上文“Beginners wh ignre ptential dangers may face hypthermia (失温) when hiking t high altitudes, get lst in frests, r be caught in thunderstrms. (忽视潜在危险的初学者在高海拔徒步旅行时可能会面临失温，在森林中迷路，或在雷雨中被困。)”可知，上文主要讲述的是忽视户外运动危险的后果，本空应总结上文，指明户外运动远不止是一次简单的旅行。F选项“These incidents highlight that utdr sprts are far mre than a simple trip. (这些事件表明，户外运动远不止是一次简单的旅行。)”中的these incidents指的就是上文提到的忽视潜在危险可能导致的后果，且该选项指出户外运动不仅仅是简单的旅行，强调了户外运动的风险和挑战性，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
23．由上文“S, hw can we make utdr sprts safer? (那么，我们怎样才能让户外运动更安全呢？)”可知，本句是在提出问题，询问如何让户外运动更安全，本空应对该问题作出回答，C选项“A well-thught-ut plan and thrugh preparatin are vital. (一个周密的计划和充分的准备至关重要。)”给出了问题的答案，即制定周密的计划和做好充分的准备，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
24．由上文“Knwing the trail’s elevatin, difficulty level, supply pints and emergency statins is crucial, and planning alternative escape rutes can be life-saving. (了解小径的海拔、难度等级、补给点和急救站至关重要，规划备用逃生路线可以救命。)”和下文“Layered clthing is essential t adapt t changing weather cnditins. (分层穿衣对于适应不断变化的天气条件至关重要。)”可知，上文主要讲述的是户外运动前的准备工作，下文介绍穿衣的注意事项，本空应强调准备合适的装备，A选项“Having the right equipment is equally imprtant. (拥有合适的装备同样重要。)”中的equipment与下文的clthing相呼应，都是户外运动前需要准备的东西，能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
25．由下文“Remember t tell friends r family abut yur rute and estimated return time s they can assist if needed. (记得告诉你的朋友或家人你的路线和预计返回时间，以便他们在你需要时提供帮助。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是户外运动时的安全措施，即告诉别人你的路线和预计返回时间，本空应强调其危险性，以便引出下文的安全措施，B选项“On the whle, utdr sprts shuld nt be a risky game. (总的来说，户外运动不应该是一场危险的游戏。)”点明了本段的主题，即户外运动不应该危险，要做好安全措施，符合题意。且n the whle“总的来说”置于文章末端段首，可概括本段内容，符合段落写作特点。故选B。
题型三 段尾句
Passage 1
Imagine a sprt where athletes with a visin disability cmpete at the highest level, relying n sund and teamwrk rather than sight. This is blind sccer, als knwn as 5-a-side sccer, an adaptatin f regular sccer fr athletes with a visin disability. 1
Blind sccer teams are made up f fur utfield players and ne galkeeper. Outfield players are cmpletely blind, whereas the galkeeper must be sighted r partially sighted t help guide the team. T ensure fair cmpetitin, all utfield players must wear eyeshades. 2 Meanwhile, galkeepers can als prvide vital cmmunicatin t their defense. Besides, the ball is equipped with a sund system that makes nise, helping them rient themselves during the game.
3 They must stay silent during the game, even thugh sccer games are knwn fr their lud crwds. This helps players keep fcused, s they can better navigate the field and cmmunicate with their teammates.
In additin, there are safety rules t prtect players. 4 S the players they are tackling are aware. This is designed t prevent injuries wherever pssible. Safety rules are particularly imprtant in blind sccer, where players rely n sund and tuch rather than sight t play the game.
Blind sccer nt nly prvides disabled peple with the chance t cmpete, stay active, and build cnfidence, but it als challenges the idea that a disability limits ne’s ptential. 5
A．Teams can have ff-field guides t assist them.
B．Blind sccer has specific guidelines fr audience.
C．Players practice their skills t imprve ball cntrl.
D．It’s the perfect prf that a disability is nt inability.
E．Everyne must respect ther players during the game.
F．Befre tackling, players must shut the wrd “vy” t warn thers.
G．Althugh it shares the name “sccer”, the rules are ttally different.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．B 4．F 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了盲人足球运动及其规则。
1．上文“Imagine a sprt where athletes with a visin disability cmpete at the highest level, relying n sund and teamwrk rather than sight. This is blind sccer, als knwn as 5-a-side sccer, an adaptatin f regular sccer fr athletes with a visin disability.(想象一下，在一项运动中，视力障碍的运动员依靠声音和团队合作而不是视力来参加最高水平的比赛。这就是盲人足球，也称为五人制足球，是针对视力障碍运动员的常规足球的改编)”介绍了盲人足球是什么样的，下文介绍了一些盲人足球的规则，由此可知，空处承上启下，指出盲人足球有一些规则，G项“虽然同为“足球”，但规则却完全不同。”符合，故选G。
2．上文“Blind sccer teams are made up f fur utfield players and ne galkeeper. Outfield players are cmpletely blind, whereas the galkeeper must be sighted r partially sighted t help guide the team. T ensure fair cmpetitin, all utfield players must wear eyeshades. (盲人足球队由四名外场球员和一名守门员组成。外场球员完全失明，而守门员必须视力正常或视力不佳才能帮助引导球队。为保证比赛公平，所有外场球员均须佩戴眼罩。)”介绍了盲人足球队的成员，同时指出外场球员必须佩戴眼罩，下文“Besides, the ball is equipped with a sund system that makes nise, helping them rient themselves during the game.(此外，球还配备了声音系统，可以发出声音，帮助他们在比赛中确定方向。)”指出如何做能帮助这些盲人运动员在比赛中确定方向，空处和下文是并列关系，也应指出能帮助盲人运动员在球场正常踢球的一些做法，A项“球队可以有场外向导来协助他们。”符合，其中them代指上文提到的all utfield players，故选A。
3．下文“They must stay silent during the game, even thugh sccer games are knwn fr their lud crwds. This helps players keep fcused, s they can better navigate the field and cmmunicate with their teammates.(尽管足球比赛以人群喧闹而闻名，但他们在比赛期间必须保持安静。这有助于球员保持专注，以便他们能够更好地驾驭球场并与队友沟通)”指出比赛时观众该如何做，B项“盲人足球对观众有具体的指导方针。”符合，故选B。
4．上文“In additin, there are safety rules t prtect players.(此外，还有保护运动员的安全规则)”指出有一些规则也保护运动员，F项“踢球前，球员必须喊出“vy”这个词来警告其他人。”符合，和下文“S the players they are tackling are aware.(所以他们对抗的球员会有所警觉)”是因果关系，故选F。
5．上文“Blind sccer nt nly prvides disabled peple with the chance t cmpete, stay active, and build cnfidence, but it als challenges the idea that a disability limits ne’s ptential.(盲人足球不仅为残疾人提供了竞争、保持活力和建立自信的机会，而且还挑战了残疾限制个人潜力的观念)”指出盲人足球的意义，空处也应是其意义，D项“这是残疾并非无能的完美证明。”符合，故选D。
Passage 2
China’s Earliest Capital
ANYANG, the nrthernmst city in Henan Prvince, nce served as capital f the Shang Dynasty. It is the earliest capital f China in written recrd.
6 In the early 20th century, the Shang Dynasty ruins were unearthed in Xiatun Village, Yindu District f the city. Archaelgists discvered bnes and trtise shells carved with the earliest frm f Chinese script. They als fund the Humuwu Ding — a rectangular brnze cntainer and at the time, the biggest brnze bject ever fund. 7
In the third century, a large number f literati and pets created many masterpieces here, frming the Jian’an Style f literature. 8
In the 1960s, under very difficult cnditins, peple in the Linxian Cunty f Anyang (tday’s Linzhu City) built the Red Flag Canal (Hngqi Qu) t channel water frm Zhuzhang River t twns and villages f Linzhu City. It supplies water t 670,000 peple, watering ver 33,500 hectares f land. 9 Thanks t the sufficient water supply and rich sil, Linzhu has tree farms, fishpnds, and fruit gardens. Standing n tp f a hill in the utskirt f Linzhu City, ne can see green muntains and crp fields. Tday, the grand prject has inspired generatins f Chinese with a pineering and hard-wrking spirit.
When the weather is pleasant, many peple like t walk alng the Red Flag Canal frm its head in Pingshun Cunty f Shanxi Prvince. 10 Alng the majr channel f ver 70-kilmeters, peple can feel the great devtin f the builders when they pass by every cliff and tunnel.
A．The Shang Dynasty’s capital was fund in Anyang.
B．Tday, the Red Flag Canal has becme a scenic spt.
C．It greatly influenced Chinese literature fr centuries after.
D．The discvery shwed China’s splendid ancient brnze culture.
E．Frty years n, Linzhu’s grundwater and sil have changed a lt.
F．It’s a direct way t experience the prject and its tugh building prcess.
G．With a lng histry, Anyang is ne f the birthplaces f Chinese civilizatin.
【答案】6．G 7．D 8．C 9．E 10．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国河南省最北部的城市安阳的历史、文化和现代成就。
6．由空后“In the early 20th century, the Shang Dynasty ruins were unearthed in Xiatun Village, Yindu District f the city.(20世纪初，在该市殷都区的小屯村，商朝遗址被发掘。)”可知，在安阳市殷都区的小屯村发掘出了商朝遗址；G选项“With a lng histry, Anyang is ne f the birthplaces f Chinese civilizatin.(安阳历史悠久，是中华文明的发祥地之一。)”指出安阳拥有悠久的历史，是中华文明的发祥地，下文对此进行具体阐述，G选项起到引领下文的作用，符合语境。故选G。
7．空前“They als fund the Humuwu Ding — a rectangular brnze cntainer and at the time, the biggest brnze bject ever fund.(他们还发现了后母戊鼎——一个长方形的青铜容器，在当时，这是所发现的最大的青铜器。)”说明了在安阳发现了后母戊鼎，D选项“The discvery shwed China’s splendid ancient brnze culture.(这一发现展示了中国灿烂的古代青铜文化。)”承接上文，说明后母戊鼎这一发现的意义，符合语境，故选D。
8．空前“In the third century, a large number f literati and pets created many masterpieces here, frming the Jian’an Style f literature.(公元三世纪，大批文人墨客在此创作了众多佳作，形成了建安文学风格。)”说明的是文学方面的内容，空格处也应该和文学方面的内容有关，C选项“It greatly influenced Chinese literature fr centuries after.(它极大地影响了之后几个世纪的中国文学。)”承接上文，阐述了建安文学风格的影响，代词It指代上文内容，符合语境。故选C。
9．空前“In the 1960s, under very difficult cnditins, peple in the Linxian Cunty f Anyang (tday’s Linzhu City) built the Red Flag Canal (Hngqi Qu) t channel water frm Zhuzhang River t twns and villages f Linzhu City. It supplies water t 670,000 peple, watering ver 33,500 hectares f land.(20世纪60年代，在极其困难的条件下，安阳的林县（今林州市）人民修建了红旗渠（Hngqi Qu），将浊漳河的水引入林州市的城镇和村庄。它为67万人提供用水，灌溉了33,500多公顷的土地。)”说明的是林州市人民修建了红旗渠将浊漳河的水引入林州市的城镇和村庄以及其所起到的作用；E选项“Frty years n, Linzhu’s grundwater and sil have changed a lt.(40年来，林州的地下水和土壤发生了很大的变化。)”承接上文，继续阐述修建红旗渠这一举动对当地的影响，符合语境，故选E。
10．空前“When the weather is pleasant, many peple like t walk alng the Red Flag Canal frm its head in Pingshun Cunty f Shanxi Prvince.(当天气宜人时，许多人喜欢从山西省平顺县的红旗渠源头出发，沿着红旗渠散步。)”接受了人们喜欢的一个活动项目：从山西省平顺县的红旗渠源头出发，沿着红旗渠散步；F选项“It’s a direct way t experience the prject and its tugh building prcess.(这是体验这个项目及其艰难建设过程的直接方式。)”承接上文，指出从红旗渠源头出发沿着红旗渠散步能够直接体验红旗渠以及其艰难建设的过程，是对空前所说的做法的评述，it指代上文中的“t walk alng the Red Flag Canal frm its head in Pingshun Cunty f Shanxi Prvince”。故选F。
Passage 3
It’s party seasn, and if yur idea f hliday cheer is a quiet night in, then rest easy. 11 But a recent reprt has examined the ptential cnsequences f refusing an invitatin fr a scial uting, and fund that peple tend t verestimate just hw much it matters.
One f the researchers, Julian Givi frm West Virginia University, was inspired by his wn persnal experiences. He shared, “I received an invitatin t a distant wedding that I wasn’t keen n attending. 12 ” This internal cnflict led him t wnder whether peple might be verly cncerned abut the ptential negative utcmes f saying n, questining if these cnsequences were real r imagined.
T explre this, the study invlved a diverse grup f ver 2,000 individuals acrss five different experiments. 13 The results indicated that thse invited t events ften had a strng sense f wrry. They feared that refusing an invitatin wuld upset the hst and suggested a lack f interest r care. This perceptin gap arises because invitees tend t verestimate hw much hsts fcus n the act f refusing rather than the thught prcess that led t the decisin.
It’s imprtant t nte that this desn’t mean yu shuld casually reject all invitatins. 14 If the event invlves a financial cmmitment, such as a dinner r a shw, include this in yur explanatin fr nt attending. Plitely refuse the invitatin but put frward an alternative activity at a later date t indicate yur cntinued interest and value in the relatinship. 15
A．Hwever, I felt driven and frced t g.
B．A wide range f peple actively participated in the study.
C．Givi suggests strategies fr plitely refusing an invitatin.
D．Science has lng fund it’s OK t say n t scial invitatins.
E．It’s just getting n my nerves at the thught f the lng jurney.
F．This apprach can reduce the attending pressure and imprve understanding.
G．Members f each grup were asked t imagine themselves in varius situatins.
【答案】11．D 12．A 13．G 14．C 15．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕社交邀请的拒绝展开，探讨了人们往往高估拒绝邀请所带来的后果，并就如何礼貌地拒绝邀请给出建议。
11．根据空前“It’s party seasn, and if yur idea f hliday cheer is a quiet night in, then rest easy.(派对季到了，要是你心中的节日欢乐是一个宁静的夜晚，那就放心吧。)”可知，如果喜欢安静的夜晚不参加聚会也可以安心。选项D“Science has lng fund it’s OK t say n t scial invitatins.(科学早就发现拒绝社交邀请是可以的。)”符合语境，承上启下，引出下文关于拒绝邀请的研究“But a recent reprt has examined the ptential cnsequences f refusing an invitatin fr a scial uting, and fund that peple tend t verestimate just hw much it matters.(但最近一份报告审视了拒绝社交外出邀请可能带来的后果，结果发现，人们往往高估了拒绝邀请这件事的影响程度。)”。故选D。
12．根据空前“I received an invitatin t a distant wedding that I wasn’t keen n attending.(我收到了一份去远方参加婚礼的邀请，但我并不想去。)”可知，上文提到收到一个不太想去的远方婚礼邀请。而根据下文“This internal cnflict led him t wnder whether peple might be verly cncerned abut the ptential negative utcmes f saying n, questining if these cnsequences were real r imagined.(这种内心的矛盾让他不禁思考，人们是否过度担忧拒绝邀请可能带来的负面结果，他怀疑这些后果究竟是真实存在，还是仅仅是想象出来的。)”中的“This internal cnflict”可知，内心有冲突。选项A“Hwever, I felt driven and frced t g.(然而，我觉得有某种力量驱使我不得不去。)”体现出想去和不想去的内心冲突，符合上下文逻辑。故选A。
13．根据空前“T explre this, the study invlved a diverse grup f ver 2,000 individuals acrss five different experiments.(为了探究这个问题，该研究在五个不同的实验中，选取了 2000 多名来自不同群体的个体参与。)”可知，上文提到研究涉及 2000 多名不同个体进行五个不同实验。选项G“Members f each grup were asked t imagine themselves in varius situatins.(每个小组的成员被要求想象自己处于各种情境中。)”自然延续上文内容，说明实验的具体操作方式，即让参与者想象不同场景，符合实验研究的逻辑。故选G。
14．根据空前“It’s imprtant t nte that this desn’t mean yu shuld casually reject all invitatins.(需要注意的是，这并不意味着你可以随意拒绝所有邀请。)”可知，拒绝邀请也要有技巧。选项C“Givi suggests strategies fr plitely refusing an invitatin.(Givi提出了一些礼貌拒绝邀请的策略。)”延续上文内容，指出礼貌拒绝邀请有策略。同时引出下文“If the event invlves a financial cmmitment, such as a dinner r a shw, include this in yur explanatin fr nt attending.(如果活动涉及金钱支出，比如晚宴或演出，你可以在解释拒绝原因时提及这一点。)”这一具体的拒绝邀请策略，符合语境。故选C。
15．根据上文“Plitely refuse the invitatin but put frward an alternative activity at a later date t indicate yur cntinued interest and value in the relatinship.(礼貌地拒绝邀请，并提出在日后安排其他活动，以此表明你对这段关系依旧重视，也希望继续保持联系。)”可知，上文提出礼貌拒绝并提出替代活动的策略。选项F“This apprach can reduce the attending pressure and imprve understanding.(这种方法可以减轻参加活动的压力并增进理解。)”说明这种策略的好处，总结前文策略的作用，符合逻辑。故选F。
Passage 4
In Manchester, yu’ll be hardly pressed t spt anybdy in the city center nt wearing a pair f headphnes. 16 But increasingly I’ve begun t questin exactly why.
Michael Bull, prfessr f sund studies at the University f Sussex believes ur reliance n headphnes can be explained by human’s mtivatin: a need fr cntrl. 17
While headphne users ften describe themselves as being freer, he says, “They are dependent n the machine fr that t be true; they’re lcked int the wrld and the medium they’re using. 18 Yu’re being manipulated(操控), but the manipulatin creates a sense f freedm.” When we blck ut the nises f the city which we cnsider negative, we als blck ut the nise f the natural wrld.
As fr me, I always hear the birds singing n the way t my gym. 19 And there is smething quite lvely abut hearing the city clearly. Using headphnes, particularly t listen t music is a way t “beautify ur experience” t make things seem mre beautiful and pleasurable. But there is pleasure in the real wrld, t.
20 They can be a means fr fcus and prductivity, and fr thse with sensry prcessing issues, they can prve invaluable. But smething magical happened when I chse nt t wear them. I began t feel calmer. My thughts didn’t disappear, but they n lnger held as much weight. They wuld pass by me like cars n the mtrway. I learned t exist exactly as I was, and appreciate the wrld fr exactly what it is.
A．That’s a big cntradictin.
B．I think they are nt aware f it at all.
C．Despite this, I am nt actively against headphnes.
D．In the meanwhile, he als ntes this cntrl is tw-sided.
E．Birds’ singing culd be cntributing t a culture f cncentratin.
F．They can be heard despite the traffic if yu listen ut fr them.
G．Actually, many chse t tune int anything but the utside wrld when we’re ut.
【答案】16．G 17．D 18．A 19．F 20．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人们在日常生活中使用耳机的原因及影响。
16．根据上文“In Manchester, yu’ll be hardly pressed t spt anybdy in the city center nt wearing a pair f headphnes.(在曼彻斯特，你几乎不会很难发现在市中心有人不戴耳机)”可知，在曼彻斯特市中心，戴耳机的人很常见；根据下文“But increasingly I’ve begun t questin exactly why.(但越来越多地，我开始质疑到底是为什么)”可知，作者开始思考人们为什么如此依赖耳机。由此可推断出，空处应该讲述人们使用耳机时的一个常见现象，即人们使用耳机时往往会忽略外界的声音。所以选项G“实际上，当我们外出时，许多人选择收听任何东西，除了外界的声音”符合语境。故选G。
17．根据上文“Michael Bull, prfessr f sund studies at the University f Sussex believes ur reliance n headphnes can be explained by human’s mtivatin: a need fr cntrl.(苏克赛斯大学声音研究教授迈克尔•布尔认为，我们对耳机的依赖可以用人类的动机来解释：一种对控制的需求)”可知，上文提到了人们对耳机的依赖源于对控制的需求。空处应该进一步解释这种控制的具体表现或特点。选项D“同时，他也指出这种控制是双面的”符合语境。故选D。
18．根据上文“While headphne users ften describe themselves as being freer, he says, ‘They are dependent n the machine fr that t be true; they’re lcked int the wrld and the medium they’re using’.(虽然耳机用户经常形容自己更自由，但他说，‘他们依赖于机器才能实现这一点；他们被锁定在自己使用的世界和媒介中’)”可知，耳机用户虽然感觉更自由，但实际上却依赖于耳机。根据下文“Yu’re being manipulated, but the manipulatin creates a sense f freedm.(你被操纵了，但操纵却创造了一种自由感)”可知，耳机带来的自由感其实是一种被操纵的自由。由此可知，上下文之间存在一种矛盾关系，即耳机用户虽然感觉自由，但实际上却被耳机所操纵。选项A“这是一个很大的矛盾”符合语境。故选A。
19．根据上文“As fr me, I always hear the birds singing n the way t my gym.(至于我，我在去健身房的路上总是听到鸟儿在唱歌)”可知，作者在去健身房的路上能听到鸟儿的歌声。根据下文“And there is smething quite lvely abut hearing the city clearly.(清晰地听到城市的声音是一件很美妙的事情)”可知，作者认为清晰地听到城市的声音是一件很美妙的事情。由此可推断出，空处应该进一步描述作者能听到鸟儿歌声的情况或感受。选项F“如果你仔细听，尽管交通嘈杂，你还是能听到它们的声音”符合语境，既承接了上文提到的鸟儿歌声，又为下文描述听到城市声音的美妙做了铺垫。故选F。
20．根据下文“They can be a means fr fcus and prductivity, and fr thse with sensry prcessing issues, they can prve invaluable.(它们可以是提高专注力和生产力的工具，对于那些有感官处理问题的人来说，它们可以证明是无价之宝)”可知，耳机的积极作用和价值。由此可推断出，空白处应该表达作者对耳机并不持完全反对的态度。选项C“尽管如此，我并不积极反对耳机”符合语境。故选C。
Passage 5
T put int wrds my time in Antarctica and Suth Gergia is nearly impssible. I had always described it as a nce-in-a-lifetime experience. 21 I was nt the nly ne wh felt this way. Abut 50% f the passengers f ur expeditin (远征) had been t Antarctica at least nce befre. This ges t shw just hw magical the destinatin is.
22 Hw tiny yu feel next t twering glaciers and icebergs. The blinding white blankets everything, blurring the bundary between land and cean. The icy water mves thrugh yur bdy as yu take the Plar Plunge. The slemn silence calms yur restlessness and reminds yu f heart-tuching stries f survival frm explrers f the past. The list ges n.
Antarctica makes yu feel s small and insignificant, in the best way. Everything has a purpse, and the cycle f life is evident. Yu get frnt rw seats t witness the mst incredible shw: nature. 23 Fr example, when yu see a brwn skua (贼鸥) attacking a penguin chick, yur heart aches. Then yur expeditin guide regretfully tells yu that a chick that is small in March wuld have very slim chances f surviving the upcming winter. 24
Things mve fast here, every mnth ffering smething unique and special t see. In March, the weather is a bit mre unpredictable, and the sea ice is beginning t frm again. Our vyage was the last f the seasn. In tw mre weeks, expeditin ships wuld nt be able t break thrugh the ice. The penguins are cmpleting their yearly feather-changing prcess. They are really weak during this time, and cannt dive. 25
These animals, arguably the cutest yu will ever see, survive such unfavrable envirnments. It’s abslutely incredible t witness the challenges, the skill, the effrts, all f it. I am frever grateful t have been a visitr.
A．But that is nt hw it is.
B．It is as much beautiful as cruel.
C．I, years later, did return t this fascinating place.
D．The cycle cntinues, and yu’ re left wndering wh t rt fr.
E．That all yur senses will be stimulated is the best way I can describe it.
F．But immediately I stepped ft n the cntinent, I knew I needed t return.
G．The expeditin team made sure we kept ur distance and did nt scare them.
【答案】21．F 22．E 23．B 24．D 25．G
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在南极洲的旅行经历。
21．根据上文“I had always described it as a nce-in-a-lifetime experience. (我一直把它描述为一个一生一次的经历。)”可知，作者认为去南极洲的旅行是一个一生一次的经历，F项意为“但当我踏上这片大陆时，我知道我需要回去。”，选项能够承接上文，表示虽然作者刚开始认为去南极洲的旅行是一个一生一次的经历，但当作者踏上南极的陆地时，想法改变了，知道还会回到那里。故选F。
22．根据下文“Hw tiny yu feel next t twering glaciers and icebergs. (在高耸的冰川和冰山旁边，你感觉多么渺小。)”和“The slemn silence calms yur restlessness and reminds yu f heart-tuching stries f survival frm explrers f the past. (庄严的沉默平息了你的不安，让你想起了过去探险家们感人的生存故事。)”可知，此处在讲在南极的感官感受，E项意为“你所有的感官都会受到刺激，这是我所能描述的最好的方式。”，选项能够引起下文对于感官的描述。故选E。
23．根据下文“Fr example, when yu see a brwn skua (贼鸥) attacking a penguin chick, yur heart aches. (例如，当你看到一只棕色贼鸥攻击一只企鹅雏鸟时，你的心会痛。)”可知，自然有美，也有残酷，B项意为“它既美丽又残忍。”，选项能够引起下文，下文举例说明了自然的残忍是如何体现的。故选B。
24．根据上文“Fr example, when yu see a brwn skua (贼鸥) attacking a penguin chick, yur heart aches. Then yur expeditin guide regretfully tells yu that a chick that is small in March wuld have very slim chances f surviving the upcming winter. (例如，当你看到一只棕色贼鸥攻击一只企鹅雏鸟时，你的心会痛。然后你的探险向导遗憾地告诉你，一只在三月很小的雏鸟在即将到来的冬天存活下来的机会很小。)”可知，自然是残酷的，其中有弱肉强食，经历着一次次生命循环，D项意为“循环仍在继续，你不知道该为谁加油。”，选项能够承接上文，描述自然生命的循环。故选D。
25．根据上文“The penguins are cmpleting their yearly feather-changing prcess. They are really weak during this time, and cannt dive. (企鹅正在完成一年一度的换羽过程。这段时间它们真的很虚弱，不能潜水。)”可知，企鹅在的换羽过程中很虚弱，G项意为“探险队确保我们保持距离，没有吓到他们。”，选项能够承接上文，企鹅在的换羽过程中很虚弱，所以探险队确保保持距离，不要吓到它们。此处them与上文The penguins呼应。故选G。
Passage 1
Students’ success and happiness can be imprved by building their self-belief - their perceptin (看法) f their capacity t cmplete a challenging task. In a study with 763 students at Xi’an Jiatng-Liverpl University in China, it was revealed that students with high self-belief excelled in their final year prjects. 1 On the cntrary, students with lw self-belief exhibited lwer levels f happiness and prer perfrmance, despite having access tquality resurces.
The participants in the study were studying a range f subjects, including rbtics, cmputer science, and electrical and electrnic engineering. 2 These prjects required them t develp research questins, design research methdlgies, and cnduct data cllectin, analysis, and reprting.
3 Students were rated based n their respnses t questins such as: “I am able t identify and frmulate (准确表达) a substantial research prblem, and prduce a plan t address the prblem. ” Additinally, the survey included questins abut the students pinins n the prject allcatin (分配) prcess.
The analysis f the survey data indicated that students with higher self-belief demnstrated greater cnfidence in their ability t tackle challenging tasks. 4 They were mre likely t reflect n their perfrmance pst-cmpletin. In cntrast, students with lwer self-belief shwed less cnfidence in their ability t handle cmplex prjects.
The findings f this research suggest that building self-belief can lead t imprved academic utcmes and increased student happiness. 5 Fr example, they can prvide cnstructive feedback t enhance students’ critical thinking skills and self-belief. Creating a supprtive learning envirnment als encurages students t take n challenges withut fear f failure. Furthermre, integrating self-reflectin activities can help students recgnize and build upn their strengths, prmting a cntinuus cycle f imprvement and self-assurance.
A．They view difficulties as pprtunities fr barriers.
B．Schls enable students t jin in class discussins.
C．During their final year, these students undertk specific prjects.
D．They invested mre time in understanding the prject requirements.
E．Educatrs can play a crucial rle in prmting students’ cnfidence.
F．They als reprted higher satisfactin with their learning experiences.
G．T assess the students’ self-belief, the researchers develped a five-pint system.
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是培养学生的自信可以显著提高他们的学业成功和整体幸福感。
1．上文“In a study with 763 students at Xi’an Jiatng-Liverpl University in China, it was revealed that students with high self-belief excelled in their final year prjects.(一项针对中国西安利物浦大学的763名学生的研究发现，自我信念高的学生在年终项目上表现优异。)”指出自我信念高的学生在年终项目上表现优异；F选项“They als reprted higher satisfactin with their learning experiences.(他们还报告说对学习经历的满意度更高。)”中的they指代上文提到的自信高的学生们，说明这些学生不仅对年终项目表现优异，而且对学习经历的满意度也更高，与上文形成并列关系，符合题意。故选F。
2．上文“The participants in the study were studying a range f subjects, including rbtics, cmputer science, and electrical and electrnic engineering.(参与研究的学生正在学习一系列学科，包括机器人技术、计算机科学以及电气和电子工程。)”指出参与研究的学生正在学习的学科；以及后文中“These prjects required them t develp research questins, design research methdlgies, and cnduct data cllectin, analysis, and reprting.(这些项目要求他们提出研究问题，设计研究方法，并进行数据收集、分析和报告。)”具体解释了项目的要求。C选项“During their final year, these students undertk specific prjects.(在最后一学年，这些学生承担了特定的项目。)”中的these students指代上文提到的参与者，与前文形成呼应，同时此处提出了这些学生在最后一学年承担了与所学学科相关的特定项目，后文对特定项目的要求进行了说明，符合题意。故选C。
3．下文“Students were rated based n their respnses t questins such as: ‘I am able t identify and frmulate (准确表达) a substantial research prblem, and prduce a plan t address the prblem.’(根据学生的回答来评定他们的分数，例如：’我能够识别并准确表达一个重大的研究问题，并制定一个解决问题的计划。’)”提到根据学生的回答来评定分数，说明有一个评分标准；G选项“T assess the students’ self-belief, the researchers develped a five-pint system.(为了评估学生的自我信念，研究人员制定了一个五点系统。)”说明研究人员制定了一个五点系统来评估学生的自我信念，这个系统可能就是用来评定学生分数的标准，符合题意。故选G。
4．上文“The analysis f the survey data indicated that students with higher self-belief demnstrated greater cnfidence in their ability t tackle challenging tasks.(对调查数据的分析表明，自我信念高的学生对自己处理挑战性任务的能力更有信心。)”指出自我信念高的学生对自己处理挑战性任务的能力更有信心；D选项“They invested mre time in understanding the prject requirements.(他们投入了更多时间来理解项目要求。)”中的they指代上文提到的self-belief高的学生，说明这些学生因为对自己有信心，所以投入了更多时间来理解项目要求，符合题意。故选D。
5．上文“The findings f this research suggest that building self-belief can lead t imprved academic utcmes and increased student happiness.(这项研究的发现表明，建立自我信念可以提高学业成绩并增加学生的幸福感。)”指出建立自我信念的好处； E选项“Educatrs can play a crucial rle in prmting students’ cnfidence.(教育工作者在提升学生自信方面可以发挥关键作用。)”提出了教育工作者在提升学生自信方面的作用，是对上文建立自我信念好处的进一步说明和补充，指出教育工作者可以帮助学生建立自我信念；同时后文中“ Fr example, they can prvide cnstructive feedback t enhance students’ critical thinking skills and self-belief.( 例如，他们可以提供建设性的反馈，以提高学生的批判性思维技能和自信。)”通过具体的例子说明了教育工作者在提升学生自信方面所发挥的关键作用，此处的they与选项E中的educatrs相呼应。故选E。
Passage 2
When yu get “in the zne” fr yur jb r a big meeting, yu might have a particular sng yu play r an utfit yu wear t feel pwerful and fcused. But dn’t discunt the pwer f scent. 6 Scent experts share why and ffer their wn tips as t hw yu can find the ne that wrks best fr yu.
7 “Pleasant smells are assciated with better perfrmance, prbably thrugh imprved md, whereas unpleasant smells impair perfrmance, mst likely due t negative md,” said Mark Mss, head f the psychlgy department at Nrthumbria University, wh has researched the effects f scent n md and cgnitin.
Anther imprtant reasn scents can help us wrk better is related t the way hw they interact with ur brain. The lfactry bulb that sits behind the nse and prcesses what yu smell has prjectins int mre areas f the brain than any ther sense rgan. Scents are made up f small vlatile (易挥发的) cmpunds. 8 Then they crss int the bldstream and get delivered straight t the brain.
On yur quest fr the ideal prductivity-bsting scent, yu dn’t just need t stick t ne scent. 9 “Peple may like specific scents at wrk r hme, but they need t expse themselves t multiple scents ver time t gain a cgnitive advantage,” said Michael Len, a neurbilgist behind the study. If yu want t apply this finding t yur everyday life, pay attentin t what interesting and nvel smells yu encunter each day. 10 Als keep in mind that yur perfect prductivity scent might be different frm smene else’s. In ther wrds, what yu may find cmfrting, anther persn may find ttally ff-putting.
A．One reasn is that we like gd smells.
B．When we breathe in these, they are passed int the lungs.
C．It culd help imprve yur wn memry recall and fcus.
D．Yur sense f smell relies n yur nse’s recgnitin f tiny particles.
E．A study finds that expsure t multiple smells is a gd idea.
F．The variety f answers culd als be tied t yur persnal memries.
G．There’s a science behind why certain scents make us wrk and think better.
【答案】6．G 7．A 8．B 9．E 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了某些气味能让我们更好地工作和思考背后的科学原理。
6．由上文“When yu get “in the zne” fr yur jb r a big meeting, yu might have a particular sng yu play r an utfit yu wear t feel pwerful and fcused. But dn’t discunt the pwer f scent. (当你对自己的工作或一场重要的会议进入“专注区”时，你可能会播放一首特别的歌，或者穿上一套让你觉得自己强大而专注的衣服。但不要忽视气味的力量。)”可知，本空应强调气味的作用，G选项“There’s a science behind why certain scents make us wrk and think better. (某些气味能让我们工作得更好、思考得更清晰的背后是有科学依据的。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
7．由下文““Pleasant smells are assciated with better perfrmance, prbably thrugh imprved md, whereas unpleasant smells impair perfrmance, mst likely due t negative md,” said Mark Mss, head f the psychlgy department at Nrthumbria University, wh has researched the effects f scent n md and cgnitin. (诺森比亚大学心理学系主任Mark Mss研究了气味对情绪和认知的影响，他说：“令人愉悦的气味与更好的表现有关，可能是通过改善情绪来实现的；而令人不快的气味会损害表现，很可能是由于负面情绪造成的。”)”可知，本段主要讲述了气味（尤其是愉悦的气味）对情绪和表现的影响，A选项“One reasn is that we like gd smells. (一个原因是，我们喜欢好闻的气味。)”符合题意，选项中的gd smells对应下文中的Pleasant smells，且gd smells是后文提到的愉悦的气味能提高表现和改善情绪的原因之一，能引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
8．由上文“Scents are made up f small vlatile (易挥发的) cmpunds. (气味是由小型的挥发性化合物组成的。)”及下文“Then they crss int the bldstream and get delivered straight t the brain. (然后它们进入血液，直接被输送到大脑。)”可知，本段主要讲述了气味（挥发性化合物）如何影响大脑的过程，本空需要说明这些化合物如何被我们的身体接收和处理，B选项“When we breathe in these, they are passed int the lungs. (当我们吸入这些（挥发性化合物）时，它们会被吸入肺部。)”能承上启下，符合题意，选项中的these指代上文的small vlatile cmpunds。故选B。
9．由上文“On yur quest fr the ideal prductivity-bsting scent, yu dn’t just need t stick t ne scent. (在寻找能提高工作效率的理想气味的道路上，你不只需要坚持一种气味。)”及下文““Peple may like specific scents at wrk r hme, but they need t expse themselves t multiple scents ver time t gain a cgnitive advantage,” said Michael Len, a neurbilgist behind the study. (该研究背后的神经生物学家Michael Len说：“人们可能喜欢工作或家庭中的特定气味，但随着时间的推移，他们需要接触多种气味以获得认知优势。”。)”可知，本空应说明研究发现人们需要接触多种气味，E选项“A study finds that expsure t multiple smells is a gd idea. (一项研究发现，接触多种气味是个好主意。)”符合题意，承上启下，其中的expsure t multiple smells对应下文的expse themselves t multiple scents。故选E。
10．由上文“If yu want t apply this finding t yur everyday life, pay attentin t what interesting and nvel smells yu encunter each day. (如果你想将这个发现应用到你的日常生活中，那么请注意你每天遇到的有趣和新颖的气味。)”可知，这里在建议我们关注日常遇到的气味。接下来需要说明这样做的好处或结果。C选项“It culd help imprve yur wn memry recall and fcus. (这有助于提高自己的记忆力和注意力。)”正好说明了关注日常气味的好处，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】段首句（最新模拟）
【题型二】段中句（最新模拟）
【题型三】段尾句（最新模拟）
02 重难创新练（阅读理解创新题）