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人教版七年级上册英语寒假专项训练2(句式专项,含答案及解析)
展开 这是一份人教版七年级上册英语寒假专项训练2(句式专项,含答案及解析),共10页。试卷主要包含了教材核心基础句式,句式核心考点突破,连词成句,句型匹配,词汇运用等内容,欢迎下载使用。
班级:________ 姓名:________ 得分:________
第一部分:句式知识点梳理(全面覆盖教材核心,适配专项训练)
一、教材核心基础句式(按功能分类,贴合课本,夯实基础)
1. 介绍类句式(教材重点,场景适配:介绍自己、家人、朋友、物品)
核心句式:
(1)自我介绍:My name is... / I am...(I’m...)/ I am a student. / I am twelve years ld.
(2)介绍他人:This is... / That is... / These are... / Thse are... / He is... / She is... / They are...
(3)介绍物品:This is a/an... / That is my... / These are my... / Thse are his/her...
关键要点:主谓一致,this/that搭配be动词is,these/thse搭配be动词are;名词单复数与be动词对应。
2. 问答类句式(高频考点,场景适配:询问姓名、年龄、颜色、位置、喜好等)
核心句式及答语:
(1)询问姓名:— What’s yur/his/her name? — My/His/Her name is... / I’m/He’s/She’s...
(2)询问年龄:— Hw ld are yu/he/she? — I’m/He’s/She’s... years ld. / I’m/He’s/She’s...
(3)询问颜色:— What clr is it/this/that? — It’s...(颜色词). / — What clr are they/these/thse? — They are...(颜色词).
(4)询问位置:— Where is it/this/that? — It’s in/n/under/behind... / — Where are they/these/thse? — They are in/n/under/behind...
(5)询问物品:— What’s this/that? — It’s a/an... / — What are these/thse? — They are...
(6)询问喜好:— D yu — Yes, I d. / N, I dn’t. / — What’s yur favrite subject/clr? — My favrite subject/clr is...
(7)询问职业:— What des yur father/mther d? — He/She is a/an...
关键要点:疑问句语序(be动词/助动词d提前),答语需与问句主语、动词一致;方位介词的正确运用。
3. 情态动词can相关句式(核心考点,场景适配:询问能力、表达能力)
核心句式及答语:
(1)表达能力:I can... / He/She can... / They can... / I can’t...(can nt缩写)/ He/She/They can’t...
(2)询问能力:— Can — Yes, I can. / N, I can’t. / — Can — Yes, he/she/they can. / N, he/she/they can’t.
关键要点:can后接动词原形,否定形式为can’t;疑问句直接将can提前,答语需与问句保持一致。
4. There be句型(重点难点,场景适配:描述物品存在、数量)
核心句式及答语:
(1)肯定句:There is a/an... + 地点.(单数物品)/ There are + 复数物品 + 地点.
(2)否定句:There isn’t a/an... + 地点. / There aren’t + 复数物品 + 地点.(isn’t=is nt,aren’t=are nt)
(3)疑问句:— Is there a/an... + 地点? — Yes, there is. / N, there isn’t. / — Are there + 复数物品 + 地点? — Yes, there are. / N, there aren’t.
关键要点:就近原则(be动词的单复数由靠近它的名词决定);不可数名词(如glue, water)搭配There is。
5. 日常作息类句式(教材重点,场景适配:描述日常活动、时间)
核心句式:
(1)肯定句:I/He/She/They + 动词原形/第三人称单数 + 时间状语.(如:I get up at 6:30 a.m. / He ges t schl at 7:30 a.m.)
(2)否定句:I/They + dn’t + 动词原形 + 时间状语. / He/She + desn’t + 动词原形 + 时间状语.(如:I dn’t watch TV in the evening. / She desn’t finish hmewrk late.)
(3)疑问句:— D yu/they + 动词原形 + 时间状语? — Yes, I/they d. / N, I/they dn’t. / — Des he/she + 动词原形 + 时间状语? — Yes, he/she des. / N, he/she desn’t.
关键要点:第三人称单数作主语时,动词需变第三人称单数形式;时间介词at(具体时间点)、in(上午/下午/晚上)、n(具体日期)的正确运用。
6. 感谢、道歉及应答类句式(日常交际,教材基础)
核心句式及答语:
(1)感谢:— Thank yu! / Thank yu fr yur help! — Yu’re welcme. / That’s all right. / N prblem.
(2)道歉:— Srry. / I’m srry. — It desn’t matter. / That’s OK. / Never mind.
二、句式核心考点突破(贴合教材,提升能力)
1. 句式转换(重点难点:肯定句→否定句→疑问句,确保语序正确)
(1)be动词句式转换:
① 肯定句:主语 + be动词 + 其他.(如:He is a student.)
② 否定句:主语 + be动词 + nt + 其他.(如:He is nt a student. / He isn’t a student.)
③ 疑问句:Be动词 + 主语 + 其他?(如:Is he a student?) 答语:Yes, 主语 + be动词. / N, 主语 + be动词 + nt.
(2)情态动词can句式转换:
① 肯定句:主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他.(如:She can sing.)
② 否定句:主语 + can + nt + 动词原形 + 其他.(如:She can nt sing. / She can’t sing.)
③ 疑问句:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?(如:Can she sing?) 答语:Yes, 主语 + can. / N, 主语 + can’t.
(3)实义动词句式转换(以d/des为助动词):
① 肯定句:主语 + 动词原形/第三人称单数 + 其他.(如:I play ftball. / He plays ftball.)
② 否定句:主语 + dn’t/desn’t + 动词原形 + 其他.(如:I dn’t play ftball. / He desn’t play ftball.)
③ 疑问句:D/Des + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?(如:D yu play ftball? / Des he play ftball?) 答语:Yes, 主语 + d/des. / N, 主语 + dn’t/desn’t.
2. 连词成句技巧(基础应用,确保语序、标点、大小写正确)
(1)先找主语(人称代词、名词),再找谓语(be动词、情态动词、实义动词),最后补充宾语、状语(时间、地点、方式等)。
(2)疑问句需将be动词、can、d/des提前,放在句首;否定句需在be动词、can后加nt,或在实义动词前加dn’t/desn’t。
(3)句首首字母大写,句末加对应标点(肯定句、否定句用句号,疑问句用问号)。
3. 同义句转换(提升考点,贴合教材核心句式)
常见同义转换:
(1)My name is... = I am...(如:My name is Li Ming. = I am Li Ming.)
(2)He is twelve years ld. = He is twelve.
(3)This is my bk. = This bk is mine.
(4)I can’t swim. = I am nt able t swim.(贴合七年级基础拓展)
(5)There isn’t a pen n the desk. = There is n pen n the desk.
4. 句式辨析(提升考点,避免混淆)
(1)this/that/these/thse辨析:this(近指单数)、that(远指单数)、these(近指复数)、thse(远指复数),搭配be动词时需注意单复数一致。
(2)be动词is/are辨析:单数主语(I除外)、不可数名词搭配is;复数主语、yu搭配are;I搭配am。
(3)d/des辨析:主语是I、yu、they及复数名词时,用d;主语是he、she、it及单数名词时,用des。
第二部分:句式专项练习题(题量充足,贴合教材,格式明确)
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共30分)
( )1. — ______ yur name? — My name is Wang Ta. A. What’s B. What C. Hw’s D. Hw
( )2. This ______ my sister. She ______ a student. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
( )3. — ______ are yu? — I am twelve years ld. A. What B. Hw C. Hw ld D. What ld
( )4. — Can yu dance? — ______, but I can sing. A. Yes, I can B. N, I can’t C. Yes, I d D. N, I dn’t
( )5. There ______ a bk and tw pens n the desk. A. is B. are C. am D. be
( )6. — Where ______ yur shes? — They ______ under the bed. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
( )7. — What clr ______ the sky? — It ______ blue. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
( )8. — D yu like English? — ______, I d. I like it very much. A. Yes B. N C. Srry D. Thank yu
( )9. That ______ a dg. ______ name is Lucky. A. is; Its B. are; Its C. is; It’s D. are; It’s
( )10. — What ______ these? — They ______ my pencils. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
( )11. He ______ play basketball, but he ______ play ftball. A. can; can B. can’t; can’t C. can; can’t D. can’t; can
( )12. — Des yur brther g t schl at 7:30? — ______, he desn’t. He ges at 8:00. A. Yes B. N C. Srry D. OK
( )13. There ______ tw libraries in ur schl. A. is B. are C. am D. be
( )14. — What’s yur favrite clr? — ______ favrite clr is purple. A. My B. I C. Me D. Mine
( )15. These ______ my parents. They ______ teachers. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
( )16. — Can yur mther sing? — Yes, ______ can. A. I B. yu C. she D. he
( )17. I ______ watch TV in the evening. I d my hmewrk. A. d B. dn’t C. des D. desn’t
( )18. — Where is yur schlbag? — ______ is n the desk. A. It B. They C. It’s D. They’re
( )19. — What des yur father d? — ______ is a dctr. A. He B. She C. I D. Yu
( )20. That ______ nt my pen. My pen ______ black. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
( )21. — Hw ld is yur sister? — ______ is eight years ld. A. He B. She C. I D. Yu
( )22. There ______ n water in the bttle. A. is B. are C. am D. be
( )23. — D yu have a pen? — N, I ______. But I have a pencil. A. d B. dn’t C. des D. desn’t
( )24. ______ are my friends. Their names are Li Ming and Zhang Wei. A. This B. That C. These D. It
( )25. He ______ t schl at 7:30 every mrning. A. g B. ges C. d D. des
( )26. — Is there a library in yur schl? — ______, there is. A. Yes B. N C. Srry D. Thank yu
( )27. My mther ______ ck, but she ______ swim. A. can; can B. can’t; can’t C. can; can’t D. can’t; can
( )28. — What clr are yur shes? — ______ are black. A. It B. They C. It’s D. They’re
( )29. She ______ finish her hmewrk late. She finishes it early. A. d B. dn’t C. des D. desn’t
( )30. — Thank yu fr yur help! — ______. A. Srry B. Yu’re welcme C. It desn’t matter D. OK
二、句式转换(每小题2分,共20分)
按要求完成下列句子,每空一词(含缩写)。
1. He is a teacher.(改为否定句) He ______ ______ a teacher.
2. I can swim.(改为否定句) I ______ ______ swim.
3. They g t schl at 7:30.(改为否定句) They ______ ______ t schl at 7:30.
4. This is my bk.(改为一般疑问句) ______ ______ yur bk?
5. She can sing English sngs.(改为一般疑问句) ______ ______ sing English sngs?
6. He des his hmewrk every evening.(改为一般疑问句) ______ he ______ his hmewrk every evening?
7. There is a pen n the desk.(改为一般疑问句) ______ ______ a pen n the desk?
8. My name is Lucy.(改为同义句) ______ ______ Lucy.
9. He is twelve years ld.(改为同义句) He ______ ______.
10. There isn’t a pencil in the pencil-bx.(改为同义句) There ______ ______ pencil in the pencil-bx.
三、连词成句(每小题2分,共20分)
根据所给单词,连成通顺的句子,注意标点符号和大小写。
1. is, my, this, sister (.)
2. can, I, speak, English (.)
3. g t schl, I, at, 7:30 (.)
4. is, yur, where, schlbag (?)
5. like, yu, d, math (?)
6. are, these, my, friends (.)
7. there, a, is, library, ur, in, schl (.)
8. desn’t, he, ftball, play (.)
9. is, clr, my, favrite, blue (.)
10. ld, hw, yu, are (?)
四、句型匹配(每小题1分,共10分)
从B栏中选出A栏句子对应的答语,将其序号填入题前括号内。
A栏
( )1. What’s yur name?
( )2. Can yu dance?
( )3. Hw ld are yu?
( )4. Where is yur pen?
( )5. D yu like English?
( )6. What clr is the sky?
( )7. What’s this?
( )8. Is there a bk n the desk?
( )9. What des yur mther d?
( )10. Thank yu!
B栏
A. It’s n the desk.
B. My name is Li Hng.
C. She is a teacher.
D. N, I can’t. But I can sing.
E. I am twelve.
F. It’s blue.
G. Yes, I d.
H. It’s a pencil.
I. Yu’re welcme.
J. Yes, there is.
五、词汇运用(书面表达,10分)
题目:My Daily Life(我的日常生活)
要求:1. 用所学句式描述自己的日常生活作息(起床、吃饭、上学、放学、做作业、睡觉等);2. 语句通顺,语法正确,句式运用准确;3. 不少于10句话;4. 贴合七年级上册教材句式内容,可适当拓展。
第三部分:答案及解析
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共30分)
答案:1.A 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.A 21.B 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.B 26.A 27.C 28.B 29.D 30.B
解析:本题围绕教材核心句式展开,考查句式运用的准确性,贴合课本重点,覆盖介绍、问答、can句型、There be句型等核心考点。1. 询问姓名用What’s yur name?,固定句式;2. this搭配is,she搭配is,主谓一致;3. 询问年龄用Hw ld,固定疑问词;4. 由but I can sing可知,前面是否定回答,can引导的疑问句否定答语用N, I can’t;5. There be就近原则,a bk是单数,用is;6. shes是复数,用are,答语中they对应复数shes,也用are;7. the sky是单数,用is,it指代天空,也用is;8. 由I d可知,是肯定回答,选Yes;9. that搭配is,its(它的)修饰名词name,it’s=it is,不符合语境;10. these搭配are,they对应these,也用are;11. 结合句意,前后是转折关系,选can和can’t;12. 由he desn’t可知,是否定回答,选N;13. tw libraries是复数,用are;14. 修饰名词favrite clr用形容词性物主代词my;15. these搭配are,they对应these,也用are;16. 问句中yur mther是女性,用she指代;17. 由I d my hmewrk可知,前面是否定句,I后用dn’t;18. 问句中schlbag是单数,用it指代,句中已有is,只需填it;19. yur father是男性,用he指代;20. that搭配is,my pen是单数,用is;21. yur sister是女性,用she指代;22. water是不可数名词,用is;23. 由N可知,是否定回答,I后用dn’t;24. 由are可知,主语是复数,these是复数形式;25. he是第三人称单数,动词g变第三人称单数ges;26. 由there is可知,是肯定回答,选Yes;27. 结合句意,前后是转折关系,选can和can’t;28. 问句中shes是复数,用they指代,句中已有are,只需填they;29. she是第三人称单数,否定句用desn’t;30. 感谢的应答语是Yu’re welcme。
二、句式转换(每小题2分,共20分)
答案:1.isn’t; a 2.can; nt 3.dn’t; g 4.Is; this 5.Can; she 6.Des; d 7.Is; there 8.I; am 9.is; twelve 10.is; n
解析:本题考查句式转换,核心是肯定句变否定句、一般疑问句及同义句转换,贴合教材句式转换重点,确保语序、语法正确。1. be动词is的否定形式是isn’t,其余部分不变;2. can的否定形式是can nt(可缩写为can’t);3. they是复数,否定句用dn’t,后面动词g用原形;4. be动词is提前,句首首字母大写,this不变;5. 情态动词can提前,句首首字母大写,she不变;6. he是第三人称单数,一般疑问句用des,后面动词d用原形;7. There be句型的一般疑问句,将be动词is提前,句首首字母大写;8. My name is...的同义句是I am...;9. He is twelve years ld.的同义句是He is twelve.;10. There isn’t a...的同义句是There is n...,n后接名词单数。
三、连词成句(每小题2分,共20分)
答案:
1. This is my sister.(解析:先找主语this,谓语is,宾语my sister,语序正确,首字母大写,句末用句号,贴合介绍他人句式。)
2. I can speak English.(解析:先找主语I,谓语can speak,宾语English,语序正确,首字母大写,句末用句号,贴合can句型。)
3. I g t schl at 7:30.(解析:先找主语I,谓语g t schl,状语at 7:30,语序正确,首字母大写,句末用句号,贴合日常作息句式。)
4. Where is yur schlbag?(解析:疑问句,疑问词where提前,be动词is紧跟,主语yur schlbag在后,首字母大写,句末用问号,贴合询问位置句式。)
5. D yu like math?(解析:疑问句,助动词d提前,主语yu,谓语like,宾语math,首字母大写,句末用问号,贴合询问喜好句式。)
6. These are my friends.(解析:先找主语these,谓语are,宾语my friends,语序正确,首字母大写,句末用句号,贴合介绍他人句式。)
7. There is a library in ur schl.(解析:There be句型,主语a library,状语in ur schl,语序正确,首字母大写,句末用句号,贴合描述物品存在句式。)
8. He desn’t play ftball.(解析:否定句,主语he,助动词desn’t,谓语play,宾语ftball,语序正确,首字母大写,句末用句号,贴合实义动词否定句式。)
9. My favrite clr is blue.(解析:先找主语my favrite clr,谓语is,表语blue,语序正确,首字母大写,句末用句号,贴合表达喜好句式。)
10. Hw ld are yu?(解析:疑问句,疑问词hw ld提前,be动词are紧跟,主语yu在后,首字母大写,句末用问号,贴合询问年龄句式。)
四、句型匹配(每小题1分,共10分)
答案:1.B 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.G 6.F 7.H 8.J 9.C 10.I
解析:本题考查句型应答匹配,核心是掌握各类问答句式的固定答语,贴合教材日常交际句式。1. 询问姓名,对应答语My name is Li Hng.;2. 询问能否跳舞,对应答语N, I can’t. But I can sing.;3. 询问年龄,对应答语I am twelve.;4. 询问钢笔位置,对应答语It’s n the desk.;5. 询问是否喜欢英语,对应答语Yes, I d.;6. 询问天空颜色,对应答语It’s blue.;7. 询问物品是什么,对应答语It’s a pencil.;8. There be句型的一般疑问句,对应答语Yes, there is.;9. 询问母亲职业,对应答语She is a teacher.;10. 感谢的应答语,对应Yu’re welcme.。
五、词汇运用(书面表达,10分)
评分标准
一等(8-10分):语句通顺,语法正确,无拼写错误,完整描述日常生活作息,不少于10句话,句式运用准确,逻辑清晰,贴合教材句式内容。
二等(5-7分):语句基本通顺,有1-2处语法错误,拼写错误较少,描述大部分日常作息,不少于8句话,句式运用基本准确,逻辑基本清晰。
三等(1-4分):语句不通顺,语法错误较多,拼写错误多,内容不完整,少于8句话,句式运用错误多,难以理解语义。
四等(0分):未作答或内容与题目无关。
范文:My Daily Life
Hell, my name is Zhang Wei. I am twelve years ld. I am a student in Grade Seven. I have a regular daily life. I usually get up at 6:30 a.m. Then I brush my teeth and wash my face. I eat breakfast at 7:00 a.m. After breakfast, I g t schl at 7:30 a.m. Schl starts at 8:00 a.m. I have lunch at schl at 12:00. Schl finishes at 4:00 p.m. I g hme at 4:30 p.m. I d my hmewrk at 5:00 p.m. I eat dinner with my family at 6:30 p.m. After dinner, I ften read English bks. I g t bed at 9:00 p.m. This is my daily life. I think it is happy and meaningful.
范文解析
范文语句通顺,语法正确,无拼写错误,共14句话,完整符合题目要求。整合教材核心句式(自我介绍句式、日常作息肯定句、时间状语搭配句式等),句式运用准确,贴合七年级上册教材句式内容,场景真实,逻辑清晰,适合学生参考仿写,巩固句式运用能力。
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