北京市东城区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷 含解析

这是一份北京市东城区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷 含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2024.7
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共三节，39分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I left my hme cuntry t pursue a dctr’s degree in the UK. I thught I was suppsed t fcus nly n the ___1___. S, when clleagues invited me t jin them fr a cffee chat, I tended t kindly reply “Maybe next time”. I spent my days mstly alne, ___2___ in my wrk. Eventually I fund I was fighting increasing ___3___ till it hit a breaking pint. The nights were lng and dark. I scrlled scial media t pass the time. I even tried “talking” t ChatGPT. But I culdn’t feel better.
It was my tutr, Ms. Murphy wh finally helped me see my ___4___ frm a new perspective (视角). After I tld her hw I had been feeling these last mnths, she ___5___,“Perhaps it is nt abut finding smene t talk t at night. Maybe it is abut talking t mre f yur clleagues during the day.”
Her suggestin made me realize that I had been lking fr the answer in the ___6___ directin. She helped me see that jining in the peple arund me wuld imprve my state f mind and even ___7___ my wrk. I began t chat with friends mre and realized we were all dealing with challenges, prfessinally and persnally. I can’t d everything ___8___. Instead, I shuld team with friends and wrk tgether n cmmn gals and challenges. I als need t take sme time away frm wrk t enjy previusly ___9___ parts f life. That is hw life shuld be, enriched and clrful.
The nights are still as lng as befre. Hwever, they are nt as ____10____, as I have seen the bright light in the day.
1. A. healthB. wrkC. custmD. life
2. A. settledB. hiredC. acceptedD. buried
3. A. lnelinessB. tirednessC. carelessnessD. selfishness
4. A. educatinB. situatinC. intentinD. emtin
5. A. annuncedB. cntinuedC. advisedD. whispered
6. A. sameB. generalC. newD. wrng
7. A. cntribute tB. result inC. watch verD. set an example fr
8. A. creativelyB. independentlyC. graduallyD. regularly
9. A. assumedB. selectedC. ignredD. judged
10. A. busyB. shrtC. darkD. silent
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者离开祖国去英国读博，因整日埋头于学业而倍感孤独，为了战胜孤独，作者开始建立自己的交际圈，在与朋友交流的过程中体会到自己应该和朋友合作，而不是独立解决所有困难。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为我应该只专注于工作。A. health健康；B. wrk工作；C. custm习俗；D. life生活。根据下文“I spent my days mstly alne, ___2___ in my wrk”可知，作者专注于工作，故选B。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大部分时间都是一个人，埋头工作。A. settled定居；B. hired雇用；C. accepted接受；D. buried专心于。根据上文“I thught I was suppsed t fcus nly n the ___1___.”中的“fcus n”可知，此处指一个人埋头工作，故选D。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我发现自己一直在与日益增加的孤独感作斗争，直到它达到了极限。A. lneliness孤独；B. tiredness疲惫；C. carelessness粗心；D. selfishness自私。根据上文“I spent my days mstly alne”可知，作者感到孤独，故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：是我的导师Murphy女士最终帮助我从一个新的角度看待我的处境。A. educatin教育；B. situatin情况；C. intentin意图；D. emtin情感。结合上文“But I culdn’t feel better.”以及空后“frm a new perspective (视角)”可知，作者只埋头于工作，孤独无法排解，此处指导师Murphy女士最终帮助作者从一个新的角度看待自己的处境，故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我告诉她我最近几个月的感受之后，她建议说：“也许这不是找个人在晚上说话的问题。也许是在白天和更多的同事交谈。”A. annunced宣布；B. cntinued继续；C. advised建议；D. whispered耳语。根据下文“Her suggestin”可知，导师给作者提建议，故选C。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的建议使我意识到我一直在错误的方向寻找答案。A. same相同的；B. general一般的；C. new新的；D. wrng错误的。上文“S, when clleagues invited me t jin them fr a cffee chat, I tended t kindly reply “Maybe next time”. I spent my days mstly alne(因此，当同事邀请我和他们一起喝咖啡聊天时，我往往会友好地回答：‘也许下次吧’。我大部分时间都是独自度过的)”提到作者不和周围人社交，根据下文“She helped me see that jining in the peple arund me wuld imprve my state f mind”可知，导师帮助作者认识到，加入周围的人会改善精神状态，故作者之前一直在错误的方向寻找答案，故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她帮助我认识到，加入我周围的人会改善我的精神状态，甚至有助于我的工作。A. cntribute t有助于，促进；B. result in导致；C. watch ver照看；D. set an example fr为……树立榜样。空处和“imprve my state f mind”并列，是说明好处，even表示递进关系，故此处指加入周围的人会改善精神状态，甚至有助于工作，故选A。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不能独立做每件事。A. creatively创造性地；B. independently独立地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. regularly有规律地。根据下文“Instead, I shuld team with friends and wrk tgether n cmmn gals and challenges.(相反，我应该与朋友合作，为共同的目标和挑战而努力)”可知，不能独立做每件事情，故选B。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也需要从工作中抽出一些时间来享受以前被忽视的生活。A. assumed假设；B. selected选择；C. ignred忽视；D. judged评价。根据上文“S, when clleagues invited me t jin them fr a cffee chat, I tended t kindly reply “Maybe next time”.(因此，当同事邀请我和他们一起喝咖啡聊天时，我往往会友好地回答：‘也许下次吧’)”可知，以前作者会拒绝同事的邀请，即忽视工作以外的社交生活，故此处指需要从工作中抽出一些时间来享受以前被忽视的生活，故选C。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，它们并不像以前那样黑暗，因为我在白天看到过明亮的光。A. busy忙碌的；B. shrt短的；C. dark黑暗的；D. silent沉默的，寂静的。此处呼应首段中“The nights were lng and dark.”，结合空后“as I have seen the bright light in the day”可知，作者见过白天明亮的光，故夜晚不像以前那么黑暗了，故选C。
第二节 选词填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从每篇短文上面的方框中选择合适的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。每组词中有一词为多余选项。
Custms play a ____11____ rle in festivals, but smetimes they can change ver time. With the develpment f mdern sciety and the spread f new ideas, sme traditins may ____12____ and thers may be established. One example is the ____13____ Chinese Spring Festival custm f lighting firecrackers t drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nwadays, many big cities ____14____ this custm in rder t avid air pllutin. Anther example is Hallween, which slwly became an exciting festival fr children, in spite f its religius rigins.
【答案】11. significant
12 fade away
13. typical
14. have given up
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了节日习俗的重要性以及它们随着时间、社会的发展和新思想的传播而发生的变化。
11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：习俗在节日中扮演着重要的角色，但有时它们会随着时间而改变。根据句意，需要一个形容词来修饰角色。选项中significant（重要的）和typical（典型的）都是形容词，但根据语境，习俗在节日中通常是重要的，因此选择significant。故填significant。
【12题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会逐渐消失，而其他传统可能会被建立起来。这里需要一个动词来和下文的establish形成对比。选项中fade away（逐渐消失）符合句意，表示传统可能会逐渐消失或不再流行。故填fade away。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一个例子是典型的中国春节放鞭炮的习俗，用以驱赶邪灵并庆祝新年。这里需要一个形容词来修饰习俗。根据语境，春节放鞭炮是一个具有代表性的传统，因此选择typical（典型的）。故填typical。
【14题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如今，为了减少空气污染，许多大城市放弃了这一习俗。空处缺少谓语，根据下文的“avid air pllutin”可知，此处表示很多大城市放弃了这一习俗。give up（放弃）符合句意，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，所以空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has dne,主语是复数，所以此处助动词需用have。故填have given up。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从每篇短文上面的方框中选择合适的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。每组词中有一词为多余选项。
China became the third cuntry in the wrld t independently send humans int space in 2003. Fllwing Shenzhu 5, 6 and 7, China ____15____ the Tiangng 2 space lab int space and Tianzhu 1 t dck with it. This signalled ne step further in China’s plan ____16____ a space statin in the future. Mre recently, China has sent Chang’e 4 t explre the surface f the far side f the mn t make measurements and ____17____.
【答案】15. launched
16. t establish
17. bservatins
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了中国在航空航天方面的成就。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：继神舟5号、6号和7号之后，中国将天宫2号空间实验室送入太空，并将天舟1号与之对接。结合空后的“the Tiangng 2 space lab int space”可知，此处指“中国将天宫2号空间实验室送入太空”，launch“发射”，动词，句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填launched。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这标志着中国在未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。结合句意及空后的“a space statin”可知，此处指“建立空间站”，establish“建立”，动词，使用不定式作名词plan的后置定语，故填t establish。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：最近，中国发射了嫦娥四号探测月球背面的表面，进行测量和观测。根据“China has sent Chang’e 4 t explre the surface f the far side f the mn”可知，此处指“中国发射了嫦娥四号探测月球背面的表面，进行测量和观测”，bserve“观察”，动词，空处和measurements并列作宾语，应用名词复数形式bservatins，故填bservatins。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文上面的方框中选择合适的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。每组词中有一词为多余选项。
Online relatinships may nt be what they appear t be. Friendships are built ____18____ trust, and with nline cmmunicatin yu can never be 100 percent sure that the peple yu are chatting t are being hnest abut wh they are. Because f this, ging nline can be ____19____ dangerus fr peple wh are easily influenced r t trusting.
____20____, friends shuld fcus mre n face-t-face cmmunicatin, and less n nline cmmunicatin. This is the best way t ____21____ healthy relatinships.
【答案】18. n the basis f
19. particularly
20. Thus 21. maintain
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了网络关系的潜在风险，强调了在线交流中信任的不确定性，并建议为了维持健康的人际关系，朋友之间应该增加面对面的交流，减少网络交流。
【18题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：友谊是建立在信任的基础上的，通过在线交流，你永远无法百分百确定与你聊天的人对自己是谁是诚实的。句子主干成分完整，空处应该是和trust搭配，作状语，结合“Friendships are built”可推知，介词短语n the basis f“在……的基础上”符合题意，表示友谊是建立在信任的基础上的。故填n the basis f。
【19题详解】
考查副词。句意：正因为如此，上网对那些容易受影响或过于轻信的人来说尤其危险。空处修饰形容词dangerus，结合“peple wh are easily influenced r t trusting”可推知，形容词particular的副词形式particularly“尤其”符合题意，作状语，表示对那些容易受影响或过于轻信的人来说尤其危险。故填particularly。
【20题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此，朋友之间应该多面对面交流，少在网上交流。句子主干成分完整，结合空处位于第二段的句首，是基于第一段的内容给出建议可推知，副词thus“因此”符合题意，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Thus。
【21题详解】
考查动词。句意：这是维持健康关系的最好方法。way后通常跟动词不定式作定语，表示“……的方法”，结合“healthy relatinships”可推知，动词maintain“维系，维持”符合题意，表示维持健康关系，且maintain应用原形。故填maintain。
D
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从每篇短文上面的方框中选择合适的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。每组词中有一词为多余选项。
Wrking at a bkstre was a dream jb fr Jel. He culdn’t believe he ____22____ n the day f his interview. Jel felt ____23____ t be wrking at where he was. Jel lved reading bks in his spare time. Wrking at a bkstre nt nly gave Jel ____24____ t bks, but ____25____ him t interact with ther fellw bk wrms. Jel ften wuld recmmend bks t custmers, and custmers wuld d the same fr Jel.
【答案】22. was hired
23. grateful
24. access 25. enabled
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文主要介绍了Jel在书店的工作。
【22题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他不敢相信自己在面试当天就被录用了。根据上文“Wrking at a bkstre”以及空后“n the day f his interview”可知，此处指“他不敢相信自己在面试当天就被录用了”，hire“雇用”，动词，和主语he之间是被动关系，且是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was hired。
【23题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Jel很感激能在他所在的地方工作。根据上文“Wrking at a bkstre was a dream jb fr Jel.(在书店工作是Jel梦寐以求的工作)”可知，此处指“Jel很感激能在他所在的地方工作”，grateful“感激的”，形容词，作表语，故填grateful。
【24题详解】
考查名词。句意：在书店工作不仅让Jel有机会接触书籍，还让他可以与其他书虫进行互动。根据“Wrking at a bkstre”可知，此处指“在书店工作不仅让Jel有机会接触书籍”，access“（使用或见到的）机会，权利”，不可数名词，作宾语，故填access。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：同上。结合“him t interact with ther fellw bk wrms”可知，此处指“让他可以与其他书虫进行互动”，enable“使能够，使成为可能”，动词，enable sb t d sth“使某人能做某事”，结合gave可知句子是一般过去时，此处使用动词过去式，故填enabled。
第三节 翻译句子（共7小题；每小题2分，共14分）
请将下面的中文句子翻译成英文，翻译时须运用括号内所给的词汇或语法。请将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
26. 我很乐意做你的导游。(willing) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I’m willing t be yur guide.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。“乐意做某事”使用固定短语be willing t d sth，“导游”使用名词guide，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，故翻译为：I’m willing t be yur guide.
27. 我们用了几个小时研究这个国家的历史。(spend) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We spent several hurs studying the histry f the cuntry.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。表示“花费时间做某事”用spend time ding sth.，study (研究)使用动名词形式作宾语，表示“几个小时”用several hurs；表示“研究这个国家的历史”用study the histry f the cuntry。句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故翻译为We spent several hurs studying the histry f the cuntry.
28. 尽管有挑战，他仍然保持积极。(in spite f) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In spite f the challenges, he still remains psitive.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。“尽管”使用介词短语in spite f，“有挑战”使用名词复数challenges作宾语，“仍然”使用副词still，“保持”使用连系动词remain，“积极”使用形容词psitive作表语，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主要he表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，故翻译为：In spite f the challenges, he still remains psitive.
29. 受到老师的鼓励，她决定参加书法比赛。(动词过去分词形式；the calligraphy cmpetitin) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Inspired by the teacher, she has decided t take part in the calligraphy cmpetitin.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词短语和名词（短语）。“受到老师的鼓励”可看作是原因状语，用非谓语表示，“受到……的鼓励”可用过去分词短语inspired by，“老师”可用名词the teacher，动词inspire和teacher是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语；句子可视为描述过去发生的行为现在产生的结果，时态宜用现在完成时，主语“她”用代词she，“决定做某事”可用动词短语decide t d sth.，“参加”可用动词短语take part in，“书法比赛”应用名词短语the calligraphy cmpetitin。故可译为：Inspired by the teacher, she has decided t take part in the calligraphy cmpetitin.
30. 属于不同国家的文化会有一些相同之处。(belng t) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Cultures belnging t different cuntries have sme similarities./Cultures belnging t different cuntries have smething in cmmn.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。表示“文化”用culture，此处表示复数意义，故用cultures；表示“属于”用belng t，此处使用现在分词作后置定语，表示“不同的国家”用different cuntries；表示“有着一些相同之处”用have sme similarities或者have smething in cmmn。句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。故答案为Cultures belnging t different cuntries have sme similarities./Cultures belnging t different cuntries have smething in cmmn.
31. 图书馆是人们可以利用大量信息的地方。(定语从句) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The library is a place where peple can utilize a vast amunt f infrmatin.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。题目要求使用定语从句翻译，经分析，可以将图书馆作为先行词，主句翻译为The library is a place，从句是“在图书馆人们可以利用大量信息”，也就是先行词place在从句中充当地点状语，使用where引导从句。从句中，“利用”可翻译为utilize，“大量信息”可翻译为a vast amunt f infrmatin，描述客观事实，整个句子使用一般现在时即可。故整句可翻译为The library is a place where peple can utilize a vast amunt f infrmatin.
32. 互联网已令我们的生活大为改善。(被动语态) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Our life has been greatly imprved by the Internet.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。“我们的生活”译为ur life，作主语，“改善”使用动词imprve，“大为”使用副词greatly修饰动词，主语和动词imprve之间是被动关系，且此处描述过去发生的事情对现在的影响，使用现在完成时的被动语态，由介词by引出动作的执行者，主语表示单数意义，助动词使用has，故翻译为：Our life has been greatly imprved by the Internet.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Tyler Disn had just finished his night shift (夜班) when a call came acrss the radi. An apartment near the plice statin had caught fire and the dispatcher (调度员) reprted a 3-year-ld child trapped inside.
Thugh firefighters were n the way, Tyler knew he culd get there sner. And s, the 25-year-ld plice fficer raced t the scene determined t help. “I must save this child at all csts,” he thught.
When Tyler Disn arrived at the apartment building, he saw fire flames shting ut f the windws. The plice fficer gave n thught t his wn safety. Instead, he rushed int the flames.
Rushing int the apartment filled with flames and thick, black smke. Tyler immediately began searching fr the child. The heat was unbearable but the brave fficer refused t give up until, at last, he lcated the child.
Officer Disn raced ut with the 3-year-ld by in his arms, taking the child t his plice car. The brave her then drve t meet the ambulance (救护车) halfway s the by culd receive medical attentin as quickly as pssible.
“If I hadn’t dne smething, that baby wuld have died,” Officer Disn explained. “His breathing was very shallw, and he wasn’t really respnding.”
Officer Disn gt burned in his arm. Hwever, it didn’t matter t Tyler Disn. All he cared abut was saving the 3-year-ld. And thanks t his curage, the little by gt the help he needed and is ging t be just fine.
“I’m s happy that baby is ding OK,” Tyler said. “I grew up in this twn, I want t prtect it always.”
The call Tyler Disn received that day was unlike any ne he had ever experienced. Even s, when he arrived at the scene, Tyler’s past training and his deep desire t save lives tld him just what t d.
33. What did Tyler Disn chse t d after he received the call?
A. Call the ambulance.B. Jin the firefighters.
C. Rush t the fire scene.D. Finish his night shift.
34. The by’s life was finally saved because ______.
A. he refused t give up hpe
B. he received treatment in time
C. Disn helped him get his breath back
D. Disn wasted n time putting ut the fire
35. What are the best wrds t describe Tyler Disn?
A. Respnsible and hnest.B. Brave and adventurus.
C. Curageus and selfless.D. Independent and humrus.
【答案】33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，25岁的警官Tyler Disn在准备下班时得知有一处公寓着火了，一个3岁的男童被困其中，他立刻驱车赶到火灾现场，不顾自身安危冲进着火的公寓楼，将男童及时救了出来。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thugh firefighters were n the way, Tyler knew he culd get there sner. And s, the 25-year-ld plice fficer raced t the scene determined t help.(虽然消防员已经在路上了，但Tyler知道他可以更快到达那里。于是，这位25岁的警察迅速赶到现场，决心提供帮助)”可知，Tyler Disn在接到电话后选择赶往火灾现场，故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The brave her then drve t meet the ambulance (救护车) halfway s the by culd receive medical attentin as quickly as pssible.(这位勇敢的英雄随后开车去接救护车，以便男孩能尽快接受治疗。)”和倒数第三段中“And thanks t his curage, the little by gt the help he needed and is ging t be just fine.(多亏了他的勇气，小男孩得到了他需要的帮助，很快就会好起来的)”可知，男孩最终被救是因为他得到了及时的治疗，故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The plice fficer gave n thught t his wn safety. Instead, he rushed int the flames.(那个警察没有考虑到自己的安全。相反，他冲向了火焰)”和第四段中“The heat was unbearable but the brave fficer refused t give up(酷热难耐，但这位勇敢的军官拒绝放弃)”以及倒数第三段中“All he cared abut was saving the 3-year-ld.(他只想着救那个三岁的孩子)”可知，Tyler Disn勇敢无私，故选C。
B
Nwadays, the streaming music field is filled with seemingly similar services and interchangeable functins. Hwever, a deeper dive shws that many f the highest-rated streaming music apps include a wide range f features. We’ve tested the ntable names t help yu narrw dwn yur chices.
36. If yu want t experience live-streamed classical music, yu can dwnlad ______.
A. LiveOneB. SiriusXMC. DeezerD. Idagi
37. What makes SiriusXM different frm thers?
A. It prvides live radi shw.B. It ffers shrt-term free use.
C. It is ppular with ld schls.D. It can be used n mbile phnes.
38. The passage is intended t ______.
A. intrduce the music n music apps
B share the features f different music apps
C. rate services n the fur ppular music apps
D. give instructins n the dwnlad f music apps
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个音乐流媒体平台。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中最后一个部分中的“When it cmes t classical music, hwever, many services fall shrt. Idagi ffers a large recrd f high-quality classical music, as well as live-streamed cncerts and interviews.(然而，当涉及到古典音乐时，许多服务都不足。Idagi提供了高质量的古典音乐，以及直播音乐会和采访的大量记录。)”可知，如果对古典音乐感兴趣，可以选择Idagi。故选D。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中第二部分中“An extremely generus three-mnth tryut lets yu explre the service’s fferings befre paying cash. (一个极其慷慨的三个月试用让你在支付现金之前探索服务的产品。)”可知，该音乐流媒体平台提供短期的免费使用，使其与众不同。故选B。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Nwadays, the streaming music field is filled with seemingly similar services and interchangeable functins. Hwever, a deeper dive shws that many f the highest-rated streaming music apps include a wide range f features. We’ve tested the ntable names t help yu narrw dwn yur chices.( 如今，流媒体音乐领域充斥着看似相似的服务和可互换的功能。然而，更深入的研究表明，许多排名最高的流媒体音乐应用程序都包含了广泛的功能。我们测试了一些著名的名字，以帮助你缩小选择范围。)”可知，文章的目的是许多排名最高的流媒体音乐应用程序都包含了广泛的功能，文章对此进行介绍即分享不同音乐应用程序的功能。故选B。
C
Arseny Mskvichev dreams f the day he can have a meaningful cnversatin with artificial intelligence. But the prblem is that Large Language Mdels (LLMs) are cmplete amnesiacs. “Even the mst advanced chatbts can nly prcess abut 16,000 wrds f text within a prmpt (提示框) when in cnversatin with a human user,” says the cgnitive and cmputer scientist. “They nly have s much cntext they can attend t. If yu’re ut f this cntext, they frget everything yu spke abut with them. And they can’t cnnect the infrmatin they receive during different ‘cnversatins’ with a human, r build a stryline.”
T help chatbts imprve their cmprehensin f the deep cmplexities (复杂性) f cntext, Mskvichev and his clleagues are teaching them t read nvels, the way we might learn t read them in high schl literature classes. The act f reading a nvel might seem like an entertaining (娱乐的) pastime, but it requires intelligence. We use memry and cmplex cmprehensin t fllw multiple characters thrugh plts, scene changes, and narrative. The average nvel averages arund 80,000 wrds. All thse wrds gradually build a stry we hld and examine in ur minds. But such skills are currently ut f reach t LLMs, which can prcess text but cannt be said t read the way we d.
Mskvichev and his grup built a new database frm 1,500 bks. They train LLMs in reading cmprehensin by having the AI read a bk in the database, analyzing lng stretches f text, then asking it t find a crrect scene summary frm a pl f ptins. As a training tl the database ffers mre than a millin questins fr LLMs t practice n.
Hwever, t accurately summarize a bk requires smene t read it, and design the training questins. “It’s very expensive t cllect a data set f this type,” Mskvichev says. It is here that the scientists shwed their pwer f creative imaginatin — they gt ChatGPT-3.5 t summarize shrt bk sectins. It is an example f a machine being used t train a mre pwerful machine.
While Mskvichev and his grup have fund the LLMs still make mistakes abut half f the time, they have bserved significant imprvement in trained LLM perfrmance versus untrained. “There’s still rm fr imprvement,” Mskvichev says.
39. The underlined wrd “amnesiacs” in Para 1 refers t the peple wh ______.
A. tend t frget thingsB. are pr at giving speech
C. stick t ne’s wn pininD. have truble analyzing texts
40. What can we infer frm Paragraph 2?
A. What is related t humans and AI needs deep cmprehensin.
B. What matters t AI may be f the same imprtance fr humans.
C. What humans d t relax themselves can be a big truble fr AI.
D. What humans and AI share may be sme seemingly simple skills.
41. Fr Mskvichev and his grup, what is the challenge f building training tls fr chatbts?
A. Raising narrative ability.B. Seeking suitable nvels.
C. Designing training tls.D. Finding human resurces.
42. What is Mskvichev’s attitude tward LLMs’ future?
A. Psitive.B. Dubtful.C. Wrried.D. Changing.
【答案】39. A 40. C 41. D 42. A
【解析】
【导语】本文的体裁是说明文，主要介绍了人工智能领域中大型语言模型（LLMs）在处理上下文理解方面的局限性，以及科学家Arseny Mskvichev和他的团队如何通过训练这些模型阅读小说来提高它们的阅读理解能力。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“They nly have s much cntext they can attend t. If yu’re ut f this cntext, they frget everything yu spke abut with them. And they can’t cnnect the infrmatin they receive during different “cnversatins” with a human, r build a stryline.( 他们只能关注有限的上下文。如果你离开了这个上下文，他们会忘记你和他们说过的一切。他们无法将在不同“对话”中接收到的信息联系起来，也无法构建一个故事线)”可知，LLMs 只能关注有限的上下文，超出范围就会忘记，所以“But the prblem is that Large Language Mdels (LLMs) are cmplete amnesiacs.(但问题是大型语言模型（LLMs）是完全 amnesiacs。”中的“amnesiacs”指的是会忘记事情的人。故选A项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The act f reading a nvel might seem like an entertaining (娱乐的) pastime, but it requires intelligence. We use memry and cmplex cmprehensin t fllw multiple characters thrugh plts, scene changes, and narrative. The average nvel averages arund 80,000 wrds. All thse wrds gradually build a stry we hld and examine in ur minds. But such skills are currently ut f reach t LLMs, which can prcess text but cannt be said t read the way we d(阅读小说的行为可能看起来像是一种娱乐性的消遣，但它需要智力。我们使用记忆和复杂的理解能力来跟随多个角色在情节、场景变化和叙述中的发展。平均而言，一本小说大约有80,000个单词。所有这些单词逐渐构建了一个我们在脑海中持有并审视的故事。但这样的技能目前对LLMs来说还遥不可及，它们可以处理文本，但不能像我们这样阅读)”可知第二段主要讲述了阅读小说这一人类的娱乐活动需要运用记忆和复杂的理解能力，而目前 LLMs还无法达到这种能力，即阅读这一对人类来说是放松自己的活动，对AI来说却是一项巨大的挑战。故选C项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Hwever, t accurately summarize a bk requires smene t read it, and design the training questins. “It’s very expensive t cllect a data set f this type,” Mskvichev says.( 然而，要准确地总结一本书需要有人去阅读它，并设计训练问题。‘收集这种类型的数据集非常昂贵，’莫斯克维奇说)”可知，为聊天机器人构建训练工具的挑战在于需要有人阅读书籍并设计训练问题，而收集这种类型的数据集非常昂贵；由此推知，Mskvichev和他的团队在为聊天机器人构建训练工具时面临的挑战是找到人力资源。故选D项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“While Mskvichev and his grup have fund the LLMs still make mistakes abut half f the time, they have bserved significant imprvement in trained LLM perfrmance versus untrained. “There’s still rm fr imprvement,” Mskvichev says.(虽然Mskvichev和他的团队发现LLMs仍然有一半的时间会犯错误，但他们观察到训练过的LLM性能相比未训练的有了显著提升。‘还有改进的空间，’Mskvichev说)”可知，尽管还有错误和改进的空间，但他们看到了训练后的进步；因此，Mskvichev对LLMs的未来持积极态度。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Traditins are a way f life fr many peple. They are passed dwn frm generatin t generatin, ften with little change ver time. ____43____ D they lse their meaning and significance, r d they adapt and becme mre cnnected t the current times?
Traditins are ften seen as unchanging parts f culture. Hwever, they are nt carved in stne. ____44____ Fr example, sme traditinal celebratins may include new activities r technlgies that were nt present in the past, but they still keep the key elements that make the celebratin unique.
____45____ Sme traditins may change due t the influence f ther cultures r new technlgies. Others may evlve (演变) due t shifts in values. A perfect example is wedding traditins. Mdern weddings may absrb traditinal aspects like the white dress, but may als include newer ideas like technlgy-enhanced design.
When a traditin changes, there is always the pssibility fr it t lse its significance r meaning. Fr example, if a cmmunity’s traditinal harvest celebratin is changed t include new technlgy, it may nt feel traditinal anymre. ____46____ Thse wh have kept up with the changing times while still preserving their cultural heritage have fund ways t revive their traditins and even make them mre interesting and related t the general peple.
In cnclusin, traditin is ever-evlving. ____47____ Instead, they give the traditins meaning and resnate (共鸣) with peple in new and exciting ways. Thus, while traditins may change, they are still imprtant t hld n t ur identity and cmmunity. It is ur respnsibility t keep them alive.
A. Traditins change fr many reasns.
B. Traditins can be changed r adapted.
C. Traditins usually adapt t meet changing times.
D. But what happens when traditins start t evlve and change?
E. The changes dn’t necessarily mean that traditins becme less imprtant.
F. As sciety becmes mre glbal, technlgy cntinues t affect traditinal custms.
G. Hwever, change can als help a traditin becme mre related t mdern audiences.
【答案】43. D 44. B 45. A 46. G 47. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了传统实际上并非一成不变，而是在不断发展，包括吸收新技术和不同文化的影响。文章指出，尽管传统可能因变化而失去某些原有意义，但适应性变化也能使其与现代受众更相关，增强其吸引力。
【43题详解】
前文“Traditins are a way f life fr many peple. They are passed dwn frm generatin t generatin, ften with little change ver time. (传统是许多人一种生活方式。它们是代代相传的，通常随着时间的推移几乎没有变化)”提到传统几乎不会随着时间而变化，后文“D they lse their meaning and significance, r d they adapt and becme mre cnnected t the current times? (它们是否失去了它们的意义和重要性，或者它们是否适应并与当前时代更加紧密地联系在一起？)”提出问题，疑惑传统变化这件事意味着什么，因此D项“But what happens when traditins start t evlve and change? (但是当传统开始演变和改变时会发生什么呢？)”符合语境，引出传统开始演变和改变的情境，和前文构成转折，引出后文进一步的问题，后文的they指代其中的traditins。故选D。
【44题详解】
前文“Traditins are ften seen as unchanging parts f culture. Hwever, they are nt carved in stne. (传统通常被视为文化中不变的部分。然而，它们并不是刻在石头上的)”指出传统实际上并非不可变化，因此B项“Traditins can be changed r adapted. (传统可以改变或调整)”符合语境，承接前文。故选B。
【45题详解】
根据后文“Sme traditins may change due t the influence f ther cultures r new technlgies. Others may evlve (演变) due t shifts in values. A perfect example is wedding traditins. (由于其他文化或新技术的影响，一些传统可能会改变。其他可能是由于价值观的转变而演变的。婚礼传统就是一个很好的例子)”可知，本段主要介绍传统发生改变的原因，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应该与原因相关，因此A项“Traditins change fr many reasns. (传统的改变有很多原因)”符合语境，契合段落内容，其中的reasns和后文的due t呼应。故选A。
【46题详解】
前文“Fr example, if a cmmunity’s traditinal harvest celebratin is changed t include new technlgy, it may nt feel traditinal anymre. (例如，如果一个社区的传统丰收庆祝活动包含了新技术，它可能就不再是传统的了)”以具体的例子说明传统的改变会让其本身的性质变化，属于负面影响，后文“Thse wh have kept up with the changing times while still preserving their cultural heritage have fund ways t revive their traditins and even make them mre interesting and related t the general peple. (那些在保持文化遗产的同时跟上时代变化的人找到了恢复他们的传统的方法，甚至使它们更有趣，与一般人相关)”指出也存在保持传统的同时跟上时代变化的情况，因此G项“Hwever, change can als help a traditin becme mre related t mdern audiences. (然而，改变也可以帮助传统与现代受众更紧密地联系起来)”符合语境，指出传统的改变的积极影响，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选G。
【47题详解】
前文“In cnclusin, traditin is ever-evlving. (总之，传统是不断发展的)”指出传统不断发展，后文“Instead, they give the traditins meaning and resnate (共鸣) with peple in new and exciting ways. (相反，它们赋予了传统意义，并以新的、令人兴奋的方式与人们产生共鸣)”指出变化的积极意义，因此E项“The changes dn’t necessarily mean that traditins becme less imprtant. (这些变化并不一定意味着传统变得不那么重要了)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，后文是对其解释，后文的they指代其中的The changes。故选E。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，31分）
第一节（共4小题；第48、49、50题各2分，第51题5分，共11分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
As a “third culture kid”, I live a particularly interesting life grwing up abrad in a culture different t that f my parents. My father is frm the UK and wrking in the engineering industry means that he needs t wrk in varius cuntries arund the wrld. My mther is French, and I was brn in Thailand, where I lived until I finished high schl. I’m currently studying at the University f Bath in the UK. Fr me, “where are yu frm?” is the questin that usually requires an in-depth explanatin f my life stry.
Thse wh listen t smene’s accent in rder t figure ut where they’re frm will definitely struggle after meeting a third culture kid. Given that yu’ve lived in a few cuntries, yu prbably speak at least tw languages fluently and end up mixing them tgether withut nticing. Hwever, that des nt necessarily mean yu speak much f the language f the cuntries yu’ve lived in. Yu will, f curse, knw a few greetings and sme directins t give taxi drivers, but yu’ve grwn accustmed t living in a cuntry where yu can’t understand everything that’s being said arund yu.
Yu get used t peple leaving when attending an internatinal schl where gdbyes are way t frequent. Once yu leave fr university, yu’re mving cuntries instead f cities, away frm childhd friends. It’s fair t say that third culture kids really knw the meaning f friendship, after all, friendship that survives distance means friends fr life, right?
After living abrad and being expsed t (接触) the diversity f cultures, peple and histry, it is nearly impssible fr third culture kids nt t cntinue travelling. Whether yu chse t take a gap year, make the mst f hlidays r wrk, study r vlunteer abrad—any pprtunity t explre a new place is an pprtunity nt t be missed. Adventure and travelling are what we always lng fr.
48. Wh are third culture kids?
________________________________________________________________________________
49. Why d third culture kids really knw the meaning f friendship?
________________________________________________________________________________
50. What is mainly talked abut in the last paragraph?
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51. What d yu think can be the benefit(s) f being expsed t the diversity f cultures? (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】48. The third culture kids are thse wh grw up abrad in a culture different t that f their parents.
49. Because they have t leave childhd friends when mving t anther cuntry fr university, and friendship that survives distance means friends fr life.
50. Hw third culture kids lve adventure and travelling, and hw they always seize pprtunities t explre new places.
51. I believe that expsure t diverse cultures can braden ne’s hrizns, allwing ne t understand the custms and cultures f different cuntries, which can als imprve crss-cultural cmmunicatin skills, enhancing ne’s tlerance and adaptability.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，描述了“第三文化孩子”（即在不同文化背景下成长的孩子）的生活经历和特点。作者分享了自己作为“第三文化孩子”的成长经历，包括在多个国家生活、学习语言、处理人际关系、对友谊的理解以及持续旅行的渴望。文章强调，这些孩子因成长在跨文化环境中，而具备了独特的适应能力和对多元文化的理解。
【48题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“As a “third culture kid”, I live a particularly interesting life grwing up abrad in a culture different t that f my parents. My father is frm the UK and wrking in the engineering industry means that he needs t wrk in varius cuntries arund the wrld. My mther is French, and I was brn in Thailand, where I lived until I finished high schl. I’m currently studying at the University f Bath in the UK.(作为一个“第三文化的孩子”，我在与父母不同的文化中长大，过着特别有趣的生活。我的父亲来自英国，从事工程行业意味着他需要在世界各地的不同国家工作。我母亲是法国人，我出生在泰国，高中毕业前一直住在那里。我目前在英国巴斯大学学习。)”可知，作者作为一个“第三文化的孩子”，其父亲来自于英国，其母亲是法国人，而作者本身出生于泰国，所以第三文化孩子是在不同于父母的文化环境中成长的孩子。故答案为The third culture kids are thse wh grw up abrad in a culture different t that f their parents.
【49题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“Once yu leave fr university, yu’re mving cuntries instead f cities, away frm childhd friends. It’s fair t say that third culture kids really knw the meaning f friendship, after all, friendship that survives distance means friends fr life, right?( 一旦你离开家去上大学，你就离开了儿时的朋友，离开了国家而不是城市。公平地说，第三文化的孩子们真的知道友谊的意义，毕竟，能跨越距离的友谊意味着一生的朋友，对吧？)”可知，第三文化孩子因为需要为大学离开一个国家而不是一个城市，与童年的朋友分开，因此他们更懂得友谊的意义，因为能够经受住距离考验的友谊才是一生的朋友。故答案为Because they have t leave childhd friends when mving t anther cuntry fr university, and friendship that survives distance means friends fr life.
【50题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“After living abrad and being expsed t (接触) the diversity f cultures, peple and histry, it is nearly impssible fr third culture kids nt t cntinue travelling. Whether yu chse t take a gap year, make the mst f hlidays r wrk, study r vlunteer abrad—any pprtunity t explre a new place is an pprtunity nt t be missed. Adventure and travelling are what we always lng fr.(在国外生活并接触到文化、人民和历史的多样性之后，第三文化的孩子几乎不可能不继续旅行。无论你是选择间隔年，还是充分利用假期、工作、学习或出国做志愿者——任何探索新地方的机会都是不容错过的。冒险和旅行是我们一直渴望的。)”可知，本段强调的是第三文化孩子热爱冒险和旅行，并且会抓住每一个探索新地方的机会。故答案为Hw third culture kids lve adventure and travelling, and hw they always seize pprtunities t explre new places.
【51题详解】
开放式题目。本题目为开放式题目，回答合理即可。本人认为，接触不同文化的多样性可以拓宽一个人的视野，让人了解不同国家和文化的风土人情；同时能够提高跨文化交流能力，并且能够增强个人的包容性和适应能力。故答案为I believe that expsure t diverse cultures can braden ne’s hrizns, allwing ne t understand the custms and cultures f different cuntries, which can als imprve crss-cultural cmmunicatin skills, enhancing ne’s tlerance and adaptability.
第二节（20分）
52. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。学校将于今年9月组织戏剧节，你们班计划表演某英文剧片段，想邀请外教Jim做指导教师。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.计划参演的英文剧；
2.指导需求。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：戏剧 drama
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am Li Hua a student frm Class 1, Grade 1 at Hngxing High Schl. Our class, which is planning t participate in the schl drama festival in September, has chsen t perfrm a classic English drama excerpt.
We are eager t have yur guidance in preparing fr this perfrmance. Specifically, we wuld appreciate yur help in imprving ur prnunciatin, understanding the cultural cntext f the drama, and enhancing ur acting skills. Yur expertise in drama wuld be invaluable t us. Wuld yu be available t guide us during sme afternns in the cming weeks?
We wuld be grateful fr any assistance that yu can prvide. Thank yu fr cnsidering ur request.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生邀请外教Jim，给班里即将进行的英文剧片段表演进行指导。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→take part in
选择：chse→select
有空的：available→free
感激的：grateful→thankful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are eager t have yur guidance in preparing fr this perfrmance.
拓展句：We are eager t have yur guidance in preparing fr this perfrmance, which we believe will greatly imprve ur understanding and executin f the drama.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our class, which is planning t participate in the schl drama festival in September, has chsen t perfrm a classic English drama excerpt.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We wuld be grateful fr any assistance that yu can prvide.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
fade away, creative, significant, typical, give up
bserve, establish, launch, apprach
thus, maintain, n the basis f, particular, familiar
cncern， hire, access, grateful， enable
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