高考英语二轮复习-完形填空（专项训练）（北京专用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮复习-完形填空（专项训练）（北京专用）（教师版），共126页。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc17943" 01 课标达标练
\l "_Tc16505" 题型 名校模拟题完形填空精选
\l "_Tc20184" 02 核心突破练
\l "_Tc5699" 03 真题溯源练
题型 名校模拟题完形填空精选
Clze1
（24-25高三上·北京海淀·一模）Last weekend, I tk Ri, my energetic 3-year-ld grandsn wh culdn’t sit still fr a mment, t the park s he culd run arund and see the duck pnd. My gal was t get him utside fr a while, let him 1 sme energy, and teach him abut the ducks. But he had n gals. Three-year-lds dn’t need gals.
That was the first f several lessns I learned that day. I had expected t be the teacher, but I had it 2 . My grandsn helped me remember things we’re brn knwing but frget in the prcess f becming an adult.
Ri had a sense f 3 . As sn as we walked int the park, he lked up at the sky. It was a cld day, with pillwy cluds drifting acrss the sky, and he fund 4 in watching them. I’d frgtten hw magical cluds culd be.
His explratin was endless. He was always n the search fr sticks. He knew that a stick culd be used fr many things. He scraped the grund with them, rapped a drumbeat with them n trees and benches, and 5 them in the air like a flag. N need fr tys r electrnic devices, unlike at hme. Just sticks.
There were a few kids playing in the park with a parent and peple walking dgs. Ri said hi t everyne and stuck ut his hand fr a high-five with a few 4- t 5-year-lds. He tried t 6 cnversatins with enthusiasm. It was clear he didn’t care what peple lked like, hw ld they were, r whether they said hell first. N 7 . Just a sincere desire t 8 .
My biggest revelatin frm ur hur in the park was that Ri was fully 9 n matter what he was ding. He never asked what time it was, when we were leaving, r what we were ging t d next. He was, every secnd we were there, cmpletely and abslutely in the 10 .
I wish I culd be. Dn’t we all?
1．A．burnB．feelC．wasteD．prduce
2．A．tgetherB．hereC．utD．backwards
3．A．directinB．wnderC．securityD．purpse
4．A．jyB．hpeC．differenceD．relief
5．A．brkeB．threwC．wavedD．kicked
6．A．write dwnB．strike upC．reflect nD．lk int
7．A．envyB．guiltC．judgmentD．amazement
8．A．shwB．imprveC．explainD．cnnect
9．A．awareB．preparedC．presentD．infrmed
10．A．wayB．leadC．balanceD．mment
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带孙子Ri外出消耗一些能量，并且从孙子身上学到了很多人生道理。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目标是带他出去一会儿，让他消耗一些能量，教他认识鸭子。A. burn消耗，燃烧；B. feel感觉；C. waste浪费；D. prduce产生。根据上文“Last weekend, I tk Ri, my energetic 3-year-ld grandsn wh culdn’t sit still fr a mment, t the park s he culd run arund and see the duck pnd.(上周末，我带着3岁的孙子Ri去公园，他精力充沛，一刻也不能安静地坐着，这样他就可以到处跑，看看鸭子池塘)”可知，孙子精力充沛，一刻也不能安静地坐着，所以去公园是为了消耗孙子的能量。故选A。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我本想当老师，但我把事情搞反了。A. tgether一起；B. here这里；C. ut出去；D. backwards向后，相反。根据后文“My grandsn helped me remember things we’re brn knwing but frget in the prcess f becming an adult.(我的孙子帮助我记住了一些我们出生时就知道，但在长大成人的过程中却忘记了的事情)”可知，作者本来应该教导孙子，但是孙子却帮助了作者，所以事情是反过来了。故选D。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ri有一种惊奇的感觉。A. directin方向；B. wnder惊奇，奇迹；C. security安全；D. purpse目的。根据后文“His explratin was endless. He was always n the search fr sticks. He knew that a stick culd be used fr many things.(他的探索永无止境。他总是到处找棍子。他知道一根棍子可以用来做很多事情)”可知，孙子对世界充满好奇，总是有惊奇的感觉。故选B。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个寒冷的日子，云雾飘过天空，他看着它们感到很快乐。A. jy快乐；B. hpe希望；C. difference差异；D. relief安慰。根据后文“in watching them”可知，孙子对世界充满好奇，看着云雾也感到快乐。故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用它们一起刮地面，在树上和长凳上敲鼓，像旗帜一样在空中挥舞。A. brke打破；B. threw扔；C. waved挥动；D. kicked踢。根据后文“them in the air like a flag”指棍子像旗帜一样在空中挥舞。故选C。
6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他试图热情地开始谈话。A. write dwn写下；B. strike up引起，开始；C. reflect n反思；D. lk int调查。根据上文“Ri said hi t everyne and stuck ut his hand fr a high-five with a few 4- t 5-year-lds.(Ri向每个人打招呼，并伸出手与几个4到5岁的孩子击掌)”可知，孙子主动发起对话。故选B。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不会评头论足。A. envy嫉妒；B. guilt内疚；C. judgment判断，评判；D. amazement惊讶。根据上文“It was clear he didn’t care what peple lked like, hw ld they were, r whether they said hell first.(很明显，他不在乎人们的长相、年龄，也不在乎他们是否先打招呼)”指孙子不会评判别人。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只是一种想要联系的真诚渴望。A. shw展示；B. imprve改善；C. explain解释；D. cnnect连接。根据上文“Ri said hi t everyne and stuck ut his hand fr a high-five with a few 4- t 5-year-lds.(Ri向每个人打招呼，并伸出手与几个4到5岁的孩子击掌)”可知，孙子主动发起谈话，是因为想要建立联系。故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从我们在公园的那一小时里，我最大的收获是Ri无论在做什么都是全身心投入的。A. aware意识到的；B. prepared准备好的；C. present当前的，目前的；D. infrmed有知识的。根据后文“He never asked what time it was, when we were leaving, r what we were ging t d next.(他从不问现在是什么时间，我们什么时候离开，或者我们下一步要做什么)”可知，指孙子总是活在当下。故选C。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在当下，我们每一秒都在那里，完全和绝对在那一刻。A. way方法；B. lead带领；C. balance平衡；D. mment时刻。根据上文“He never asked what time it was, when we were leaving, r what we were ging t d next.(他从不问现在是什么时间，我们什么时候离开，或者我们下一步要做什么)”可知，孙子活在当下，他们在一起的每一秒都是完全和绝对在那一刻。故选D。
Clze2
（24-25高三上·北京房山·期末）I was nervus when I std up t cmpete fr the lead rle in the annual play. My hands 1 , and I desperately wanted t g back int my seat and be invisible.
After finishing reading my lines, I rushed back t my seat. When the teacher 2 my name, I culdn’t believe it. I was n the cast list! With a punding heart, I felt nearly faint, but incredibly happy.
I was eager t d my best and 3 every day. I wrked t hard. Then I started t have scary dreams abut frgetting my 4 n stage. Finally, I tld the teacher t let smene else take my rle. She said, “Yu can d this. I’ll help yu.”
At rehearsal (排演), everything went 5 until the scene where I slipped n the ice, fllwed by lud laughter. I went ut and started t cry.
“I can’t d it. Get smene else!”
Suddenly, I heard vices and a gentle hand tk mine. I lked up thrugh my tears t see cncerned faces. Fur girls had cme after me. “Please, dn’t 6 . Our play will be a failure withut yu!” they said. “Okay,” I said, giving them a shy smile. I 7 my eyes and went back t the stage.
During the shw, part f the scenery fell dwn and the audience respnded with laughter, but it didn’t bther me. The applause was incredible at the end f that 8 .
Since then, I’ve faced struggles, but I’ve als experienced great 9 . I still feel discuraged smetimes, but I remember hw I vercame my fear and rse t the challenge, thanks t the 10 teacher and the encuragement f unexpected friends.
1．A．shkB．lweredC．swungD．lifted
2．A．whisperedB．citedC．explainedD．called
3．A．adaptedB．cmpsedC．practicedD．appeared
4．A．linesB．prmisesC．principlesD．awards
5．A．quietlyB．quicklyC．wildlyD．smthly
6．A．hang utB．drp utC．stand utD．check ut
7．A．narrwedB．cveredC．driedD．rlled
8．A．ceremnyB．cncertC．lectureD．perfrmance
9．A．jyB．disappintmentC．embarrassmentD．cnfidence
10．A．knwledgeable B．supprtiveC．strictD．generus
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加年度话剧表演的经历。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手颤抖着，我拼命地想回到座位上，让人看不见我。A. shk颤抖；发抖；B. lwered降低；C. swung摇摆；D. lifted提起；举起。根据上文的句子“I was nervus when I std up t cmpete fr the lead rle in the annual play.”可知，作者很紧张，所以作者的手在抖。故选A项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当老师叫到我的名字时，我简直不敢相信。A. whispered低声说；B. cited引用；C. explained解释；D. called大声呼叫，大声说。根据下文的“I culdn’t believe it. I was n the cast list!”可知，作者的名字在名单上，所以，老师肯定叫到了作者的名字。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我渴望做到最好，每天都练习。A. adapted适应；改编；B. cmpsed组成；作曲；C. practiced练习；D. appeared出现。根据上文的“I was eager t d my best”可知，作者想做到最好，所以，肯定是每天练习。故选C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我开始做可怕的梦，梦见自己在舞台上忘记了台词。A. lines台词；B. prmises承诺；C. principles原则；D. awards奖励。根据下文的“n stage”可知，在舞台上忘记的肯定是台词。故选A项。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：排练的时候，一切都很顺利，直到我在冰上滑倒的那一幕，随之而来的是哄堂大笑。A. quietly安静地；B. quickly迅速地；C. wildly疯狂地；D. smthly顺利地。根据下文的“until the scene where I slipped n the ice”可知，在作者滑倒之前，一切都很顺利。故选D项。
6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：请不要退出。A. hang ut闲逛；B. drp ut退出；C. stand ut脱颖而出；D. check ut退房。根据上文的““I can’t d it. Get smene else!””和下文的“Our play will be a failure withut yu!”可知，作者想退出，四个女孩子不想让作者退出。故选B项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我擦干眼泪，回到舞台上。A. narrwed缩小；B. cvered覆盖；C. dried擦干；D. rlled滚动。根据上文的“I lked up thrugh my tears t see cncerned faces.”和下文的“went back t the stage”可知，作者流泪了，回到舞台上之前，应该是擦干眼泪。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：演出结束时掌声热烈得令人难以置信。A. ceremny仪式；B. cncert音乐会；C. lecture讲座；D. perfrmance表演；演出。根据上文的“During the shw”和“The applause was incredible”可知，应该是在演出结束时有掌声。故选D项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我遇到了很多困难，但我也经历了很多快乐。A. jy快乐；B. disappintment失望；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. cnfidence信心。根据句中的转折连词but可知，空格处的词应该与上文的challenges相对应，所以应该用jy。故选A项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我仍然感到气馁，但我记得我是如何克服恐惧并迎接挑战的，这要感谢支持我的老师和意想不到的朋友的鼓励。A. knwledgeable知识渊博的；B. supprtive支持的；C. strict严格的；D. generus慷慨的。根据第三段的句子“Finally, I tld the teacher t let smene else take my rle. She said, “Yu can d this. I’ll help yu.””和倒数第三段的句子“Fur girls had cme after me. “Please, dn’t 6 . Our play will be a failure withut yu!” they said.”可知，此处指的是老师和朋友的支持。故选B项。
Clze3
（24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）This T Shall Pass
When my family mved t Ohi ver the summer, I feared attending anther new schl. I had bright red hair and enrmus glasses. In additin, I was 1 and nt very sciable.
Barding the schl bus that first day, I felt like all eyes n me. I culd hear the 2 “She’s huge!” I spent that first bus ride in silence.
The fllwing day was 3 . I did nt ntice that a few bys had tied a shelace acrss the aisle and thus fell face-first n the bus. While embarrassingly gathering my supplies, I heard the laughter, “That felt like an earthquake!” Anyway, I managed t find a seat. Lking ut f the windw, I 4 the tears welling up in my eyes.
It was then that I 5 int myself. I began walking everywhere. I wuld wander thrugh the wds behind ur huse. I began 6 the afternn schl bus n purpse, walking hme instead. Then, unexpectedly, I started lsing weight. And as I became mre 7 with myself, I began making friends.
One f my newly fund friends als 8 with her weight. She lived near my neighbrhd s we wuld meet and walk tgether. This became a daily activity with talking and laughing alng the way. My friend said that I didn’t have t be perfect. I just had t be me and be happy with myself.
While I wuld nt want t 9 that time f lneliness, sadness and embarrassment, I am prud I made it thrugh. Whenever I am struggling with any ther prblem in life, I always remember the prverb “This t shall pass.” If yu can find a path with n bstacles, it prbably desn’t 10 anywhere.
1．A．slwB．tallC．clumsyD．verweight.
2．A．gigglesB．whistlesC．whispersD．laughs
3．A．lngerB．wrseC．funnierD．duller
4．A．tk backB．kept awayC．put awayD．held back
5．A．sankB．tappedC．dugD．turned
6．A．delayingB．missingC．escapingD．stpping
7．A．lnelyB．cntentC．indifferentD．excited
8．A．struggledB．cmpetedC．dealtD．lived
9．A．rethinkB．remindC．relateD．relive
10．A．existB．leadC．stretchD．stay
【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者搬到俄亥俄州后在新学校所经历的一段孤独、悲伤和尴尬的时光，以及作者是如何克服这些困难，最终找到自信和朋友的经历。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，我体重超重，不太善于交际。A. slw缓慢的；B. tall高的；C. clumsy笨拙的；D. verweight超重的。根据第二段中“I culd hear the 2 ‘She’s huge!’”和第四段中“Then, unexpectedly, I started lsing weight”可知，作者体重超重。故选D项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能听到窃窃私语，“她太胖了！”A. giggles窃笑；B. whistles口哨声；C. whispers低语；D. laughs大笑。结合下文“She’s huge!”和常识可知，别人不会当着作者的面大声说她胖，只会窃窃私语。故选C项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天更糟了。A. lnger更长的；B. wrse更糟的；C. funnier更有趣的；D. duller更单调的。根据下文“I did nt ntice that a few bys had tied a shelace acrss the aisle and thus fell face-first n the bus”可知，作者在公交车上摔倒了，说明这一天比第一天更糟糕。故选B项。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：望着窗外，我强忍住眼泪。A. tk back收回；B. kept away避开；C. put away放好；D. held back抑制，阻止。结合上文“I managed t find a seat.”和常识可推知，虽然受到捉弄，但尊严让作者抑制住了眼泪，自己找了一个位置坐了下来。故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我陷入深思，开始自我反省。A. sank陷入；B. tapped轻拍；C. dug挖；D. turned转动。根据下文“I began walking everywhere. I wuld wander thrugh the wds behind ur huse”可推知，作者受到打击，开始独处和自我反省。sink int neself“通常用来描述一个人陷入深思、沉思或者自我反省的状态”。故选A项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始故意错过下午的校车，而是步行回家。A. delaying推迟；B. missing错过；C. escaping逃跑；D. stpping停止。根据下文“walking hme instead”可知，作者选择步行回家，故意错过校车。故选B项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我对自己越来越满意，我开始交朋友。A. lnely孤独的；B. cntent满意的；C. indifferent漠不关心的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文“I started lsing weight”及下文“I began making friends”可知，作者开始减肥，并且交朋友，说明作者对自己越来越满意。故选B项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的一个新认识的朋友也在努力减肥。A. struggled努力；B. cmpeted竞争；C. dealt处理；D. lived生活。根据上文“als”和下文“She lived near my neighbrhd s we wuld meet and walk tgether”可推知，新朋友也面临同样的困扰，也在努力减肥。struggle with意为“努力对付”。故选A项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我不想重温那段孤独、悲伤和尴尬的时光，但我很自豪我度过了那段时光。A. rethink重新考虑；B. remind提醒；C. relate联系；D. relive重温。根据上文“I wuld nt want t”和下文“that time f lneliness, sadness and embarrassment”可知，那段时光对作者来说是孤独、悲伤和尴尬的，所以作者不想重温那段时光。故选D项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能找到一条没有障碍的道路，它可能不会通向任何地方。A. exist存在；B. lead通向；C. stretch伸展；D. stay停留。根据上文“Whenever I am struggling with any ther prblem in life, I always remember the prverb ‘This t shall pass.’”和“a path with n bstacles”可知，作者认为任何困难都是可以克服的，相反没有障碍的道路不会通向任何地方，也就是没有目标或成就。故选B项。
Clze4
（24-25高三上·北京西城·期末）On July 22nd, 18-year-ld Clleen Knull, a vlunteer firefighter, faced a dangerus situatin when a wildfire rapidly spread thrugh Jasper Natinal Park.
Knull, with less than a year f experience at the Ender by Fire Department, sptted 1 rising frm the muntainside. Her training immediately 2 . “I saw the smke and used sme f the knwledge I had gained t read it, understand the wind directin, and 3 hw clse the fire was,” she said.
Befre an fficial evacuatin (疏散) rder was issued, Knull decided t act. She began kncking n cabin drs at the ldge (旅馆), 4 guests abut the fire. Then, realizing that hikers at a nearby campgrund were unaware f the 5 , she quickly walked up the trail t evacuate them.
Leading a grup f 16 peple, Knull guided them n a tugh, fur-hur hike thrugh thick smke and difficult cnditins. “The smke was heavy, my eyes were burning, and ash kept falling,” said Rebecca Tcher, ne f the hikers. Despite these 6 , Knull remained calm and kept the grup fcused.
Knull’s familiarity with the area and her firefighting skills prved 7 . After hurs f struggling, the grup finally made it ut f the smky frest and reached a safe area where help was waiting.
Authrities later 8 Knull’s effrts, calling her a her fr her calmness and leadership under extreme pressure. Fr Knull, the experience was a pwerful reminder f the imprtance f preparatin and cmmunity. “I didn’t d it alne,” she said 9 . “The training I received and the 10 the grup placed in me made it pssible.”
1．A．dustB．smkeC．cludD．steam
2．A．kicked inB．gave utC．added upD．caught n
3．A．shwB．prveC．assessD．track
4．A．callingB．askingC．teachingD．warning
5．A．prgram B．dangerC．arrangementD．fear
6．A．challengesB．limitatinsC．findingsD．cnsequences
7．A．unique B．cautiusC．vitalD．ppular
8．A．evaluatedB．supprted C．applaudedD．resisted
9．A．humblyB．cnfidentlyC．hnestlyD．nervusly
10．A．hnrB．gratitudeC．requestD．trust
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述的是18岁的志愿消防员科琳·克诺尔（Clleen Knull）在加拿大贾斯珀国家公园（Jasper Natinal Park）野火迅速蔓延时的英勇表现。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Knull在安德消防部门工作不到一年，他发现山坡上冒出了烟。A. dust灰尘；B. smke烟；C. clud云；D. steam蒸汽。根据下文“I saw the smke”可知，他是发现山坡上冒烟了。故选B。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的训练立刻起了作用。A. kicked in开始生效；B. gave ut分发；C. added up加起来；D. caught n变得流行。根据下文“used sme f the knwledge I had gained t read it”可知，她平时的训练起了作用，空格处意为“开始生效”。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我看到了烟雾，并利用我所掌握的一些知识来解读它，了解风向，并评估火势有多近。”A. shw展示；B. prve证明；C. assess评估；D. track跟踪。根据下文“hw clse the fire was”可知，她评估火势有多近。故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始敲小屋的门，警告客人着火了。A. calling打电话；B. asking问；C. teaching教；D. warning警告。根据下文“guests abut the fire”可知，她是警告那些客人着火了。故选D。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她意识到附近露营地的徒步旅行者没有意识到危险，她迅速走上小路疏散他们。A. prgram项目；B. danger危险；C. arrangement安排；D. fear害怕。根据上文“the fire”可知，起火了，很危险，但是那些旅行者没有意识到危险。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临这些挑战，Knull仍然保持冷静，让团队保持专注。A. challenges挑战；B. limitatins局限性；C. findings发现；D. cnsequences后果。根据上文“The smke was heavy, my eyes were burning, and ash kept falling”可知，烟很重，火挺大的，这对她来说是挑战。故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Knull对该地区的熟悉和她的消防技能证明是至关重要的。A. unique独特的；B. cautius谨慎的；C. vital至关重要的；D. ppular受欢迎的。根据上文“Knull’s familiarity with the area and her firefighting skills”可知，Knull对该地区的熟悉和她的消防技能证明是至关重要的。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当局后来赞扬了Knull的努力，称她为英雄，因为她在极端压力下的冷静和领导能力。A. evaluated评价；B. supprted支持；C. applauded称赞，赞许；D. resisted抵抗。根据下文“calling her a her fr her calmness and leadership under extreme pressure”可知，当局赞扬了她。故选C。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我不是一个人干的，”她谦虚地说。A. humbly谦虚地；B. cnfidently自信地；C. hnestly诚实地；D. nervusly紧张地。根据上文“I didn’t d it alne”可知，她谦虚地说不是她一个人干的。故选A。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所接受的训练和团队对我的信任使得这一切成为可能。A. hnr荣誉；B. gratitude感激；C. request要求；D. trust信任。根据倒数第三段“kept the grup fcused”和下文“the grup placed in me made it pssible”可知，团队是信任她的，她所接受的训练和团队对她的信任使得这一切成为可能。故选D。
Clze5
（24-25高三上·北京石景山·期末）Mia was knwn fr her lve f art. Every Friday, she and her classmates wuld gather in the art rm fr “Creative Hur”, a time t explre their 1 .
One day, the art teacher annunced a cmpetitin where each student wuld create a painting that represented their dream fr the future. Mia was excited but 2 . She wanted her painting t be perfect, reflecting her dream f a wrld where everyne culd express themselves freely. As she began drawing, she felt weighed dwn by the pressure t 3 her classmates. Her friend Jake nticed her 4 and apprached her.
“Why nt just have fun with it?” he suggested. “Let yur creativity flw!”
5 by Jake’ s wrds, Mia decided t fcus n the jy f creating rather than 6 . As she drew, her painting came alive with bright clurs, featuring dancing figures and drifting cluds. The art rm was filled with laughter and chatter as everyne pured their hearts int their creatins.
On the day the artwrks were shwn, Mia experienced a mix f excitement and anxiety. As the cvering was lifted, her classmates burst int cheers, 7 by the jy and energy f her painting. At that time, Mia realized the cmpetitin didn’t 8 ; what truly cunted was the bnd and creativity they shared. Art was nt just abut perfectin, but abut 9 and jy. The painting became a lasting 10 f friendship and self-expressin in their schl, inspiring students t pursue their wn dreams.
1．A．limitsB．imaginatinsC．ambitinsD．mtivatins
2．A．disappintedB．astnishedC．wrriedD．scared
3．A．admireB．accmpanyC．impressD．cnvince
4．A．curisityB．struggleC．passinD．failure
5．A．AmazedB．AnnyedC．ChallengedD．Inspired
6．A．regrettingB．checkingC．winningD．appreciating
7．A．attractedB．supprtedC．pushedD．cntrlled
8．A．existB．changeC．imprveD．matter
9．A．cmpetitinB．cnnectinC．cmpetenceD．cntributin
10．A．symblB．mannerC．plicyD．desire
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了热爱艺术的Mia参加绘画比赛，起初因压力创作不顺，在朋友鼓励下专注创作，作品获认可，她也领悟到艺术真谛的故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周五，她和同学们都会聚集在美术室进行“创意时刻”，这是一个探索他们想象力的时间。A. limits限制；B. imaginatins想象力；C. ambitins抱负；D. mtivatins动机。根据前文“Mia was knwn fr her lve f art”以及“Creative Hur”可推知，一群热爱艺术的人聚在美术室，参加“创意时刻”，这是他们用来探索想象力的时间。故选B项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mia很兴奋但也很担心。A. disappinted失望的；B. astnished惊讶的；C. wrried担心的；D. scared害怕的。根据后文“She wanted her painting t be perfect”和“As she began drawing, she felt weighed dwn by the pressure”可知，Mia想让她的画完美，但有压力，所以她既兴奋又担心。故选C项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她开始画画时，她感到被要给同学们留下深刻印象的压力压得喘不过气来。A. admire钦佩；B. accmpany陪伴；C. impress给……留下深刻印象；D. cnvince说服。根据前文“She wanted her painting t be perfect”可推知，Mia想让画完美，能给同学们留下深刻印象。故选C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的朋友Jake注意到了她的挣扎，便走近她。A. curisity好奇心；B. struggle挣扎；C. passin热情；D. failure失败。根据前文“she felt weighed dwn by the pressure”可知，Mia在创作时有压力，处于挣扎状态。故选B项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到Jake的话的启发，Mia决定专注于创作的乐趣，而不是获胜。A. Amazed使惊奇；B. Annyed使恼怒；C. Challenged挑战；D. Inspired启发，激励。根据后文“Mia decided t fcus n the jy f creating”可知，Jake的话启发了Mia，让她改变了目标。故选D项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到Jake的话的启发，Mia决定专注于创作的乐趣，而不是获胜。A. regretting后悔；B. checking检查；C. winning获胜；D. appreciating欣赏。根据前文提到这是一场比赛，以及Mia之前的压力，可知她之前关注的是获胜，现在在朋友启发下转变了想法。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当覆盖物被揭开时，她的同学们爆发出欢呼声，被她画中的喜悦和活力所吸引。A. attracted吸引；B. supprted支持；C. pushed推动；D. cntrlled控制。根据前文“her classmates burst int cheers”可知，同学们被画吸引了。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那时，Mia意识到比赛并不重要；真正重要的是他们共享的情谊和创造力。A. exist存在；B. change改变；C. imprve提高；D. matter重要。根据后文“what truly cunted was the bnd and creativity they shared”可知，比赛结果不重要。故选D项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：艺术不仅仅关乎完美，还关乎情谊和快乐。A. cmpetitin竞争；B. cnnectin情谊，联系；C. cmpetence能力；D. cntributin贡献。根据前文“the bnd and creativity they shared”可知，这里强调的是艺术带来的情谊。故选B项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这幅画成为了他们学校友谊和自我表达的持久象征，激励着学生们去追求自己的梦想。A. symbl象征；B. manner方式；C. plicy政策；D. desire欲望。根据后文“f friendship and self-expressin in their schl, inspiring students t pursue their wn dreams.”可知，这幅画是友谊和自我表达的象征，激励着其他学生。故选A项。
Clze6
（24-25高三上·北京东城·期末）Drake was riding in the passenger seat f his grandfather’s truck alng Rute 75. The grandfather, Hugh, 68, was in cntact with a c-wrker when 1 smething was very wrng. Hugh 2 talking and lked nt quite himself. Drake called ut and asked whether he was all right, but Hugh was n lnger cnscius.
Hugh’s c-wrker, wh was still n the line, tld Drake t use his grandfather’s cell phne t call his mther, Jessica. She 3 her sn t climb nt his grandfather’s lap, take hld f the wheel and pull ver t the shulder f the highway. Then the call drpped.
Drake lives n a farm and has driven glf carts. “There’s always an adult watching, but he drives alne,” his mther said. The 4 behind the wheel gave him the cnfidence t 5 his grandfather’s vehicle. He pulled ff, called 911 and tld the peratr what had happened and where he was lcated. “I’m really scared,” Drake added in tears. “I dn’t want him t die.”
Plice and an ambulance quickly arrived at the 6 . Althugh Drake was relieved that help had arrived, he said, “I was still kind f 7 . Rescue wrkers gave Hugh first aid, and, within abut 20 minutes, he started t feel better. “It was gd I had Drake with me,” Hugh said. He knws that had his grandsn nt been there with him, things culd have taken an awful 8 .
Drake’s parents said they weren’t 9 by his quick thinking. “He’s a unique little persn,” his mther said. “If I culd 10 any 10-year-ld in the wrld in that exact situatin, it wuld be Drake. My wn child saved my wn parent,” Jessica cntinued. “It made my heart swell.”
1．A．immediatelyB．finallyC．naturallyD．suddenly
2．A．missedB．frgtC．stppedD．meant
3．A．permittedB．instructedC．invitedD．warned
4．A．psitinB．visinC．experienceD．guidance
5．A．take verB．take ffC．take utD．take in
6．A．sceneB．hspitalC．farmD．shelter
7．A．satisfiedB．shakyC．cnfusedD．prud
8．A．chanceB．rleC．viewD．turn
9．A．inspiredB．surprisedC．impressedD．delighted
10．A．check nB．fcus nC．reflect nD．cunt n
【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了10岁的小男孩Drake在爷爷开车时突发急病的情况下，沉着冷静地将车安全停靠在路边并及时拨打911报警，最终使爷爷转危为安的故事。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当祖父Hugh突然看起来不太对劲时，他正在与一个同事通话。A. immediately立即；B. finally最后；C. naturally自然地；D. suddenly突然地；根据下文“smething was very wrng”可知下文说的是不太对劲的事，可以推断出他是突然出现了问题，故选D项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hugh停止了说话，看起来不太对劲。A. missed错过；B. frgt忘记；C. stpped停止；D. meant意味着；根据下文“Drake called ut and asked whether he was all right, but Hugh was n lnger cnscius”可知德雷克大喊问他是否还好，但休已经没有意识了，可以推断出祖父是停止了说话，故选C项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jessica指示她的儿子爬到祖父的膝盖上，抓住方向盘，把车开到高速公路的紧急停车道上。A. permitted允许；B. instructed指示；C. invited邀请；D. warned警告；根据下文“climb nt his grandfather’s lap, take hld f the wheel and pull ver t the shulder f the highway”可知下文说的是爬到祖父的膝盖上，抓住方向盘，把车开到高速公路的紧急停车道上，可以推断出Jessica是在指示Drake，故选B项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：坐在方向盘后面的经验给了他信心去接管他祖父的车辆。A. psitin位置；B. visin视野；C. experience经验；D. guidance指导；根据上文“Drake lives n a farm and has driven glf carts”可知上文提到Drake曾经驾驶过高尔夫球车，可以推断出是他的经验给了他信心，故选C项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. take ver接管；B. take ff起飞；C. take ut取出；D. take in吸收；根据下文“He pulled ff, called 911 and tld the peratr what had happened and where he was lcated”可知下文说的是他靠边停车，拨打了911，并告诉操作员发生了什么事以及他的位置，可以推断出他是接管了车辆，故选A项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：警察和救护车迅速到达了现场。A. scene现场；B. hspital医院；C. farm农场；D. shelter避难所；根据下文“Drake was relieved that help had arrived”可知下文说的是Drake松了一口气，救援人员已经到达，可以推断出救援人员到达的是事故现场，故选A项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管Drake松了一口气，知道救援人员已经到达，但他还是有点动摇。A. satisfied满意的；B. shaky颤抖的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. prud骄傲的；根据上文“I dn’t want him t die”可知上文说的是Drake不希望爷爷去世，可以推断出虽然救援力量到达，但是他此时依然感到颤抖，故选B项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他的孙子没有和他在一起，事情可能会有一个糟糕的转变。A. chance机会；B. rle角色；C. view观点；D. turn转变；根据上文“He knws that had his grandsn nt been there with him”可知上文说的是他知道如果他的孙子没有和他在一起的话，可以推断出如果没有Drake，情况可能会有一个糟糕的转变，“take an awful turn”是固定短语，意为“变得很糟糕”，此处指事情朝着不好的方向变化，符合语境，表达如果没有孙子在，情况可能就变得糟糕了，故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Drake的父母说他们对他迅速的思考并不感到惊讶。A. inspired启发；B. surprised惊讶；C. impressed印象；D. delighted高兴；根据下文“He’s a unique little persn”可知下文说的是他真是个小天才，可以推断出父母对Drake的行为并不感到惊讶，故选B项。
10．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果我能在这个确切的情况下依赖世界上任何一位10岁的孩子，那将是他。A. check n检查；B. fcus n集中；C. reflect n反思；D. cunt n指望；根据下文“any 10-year-ld in the wrld in that exact situatin”可知下文说的是在那种情况下……任何一位10岁的孩子，可以推断出此处说的是妈妈认为如果能在这个确切的情况下依赖世界上任何一位10岁的孩子，那将是他的儿子，也就是说她是指望Drake在危急时刻救她，故选D项。
题型一 阅读理解
（2025年·海淀·二模）
If yu’ve ever hung arund scientists, yu’ve mst likely heard ne f them say “the best explanatin is the simplest ne.” But is it? Frm the behavir f ants t the ccurrence f trnades, the natural wrld is ften quite cmplex. Why shuld we assume the simplest explanatin is clsest t the truth?
This idea is knwn as Occam’s (r Ockham’s) razr. It’s als referred t as “rule f ecnmy”. And it bears a family relatinship t the “principle f least astnishment,” which hlds that if an explanatin is t surprising, it’s prbably nt right. The name cmes frm William f Ockham, a 14th-century schlastic philspher. He frmulated the principle that “entities (实体) shuld nt be multiplied beynd necessity.” The philsphical claim is a frm f ntlgical minimalism: we shuld nt invke entities unless we have evidence that they exist. In ther wrds: dn’t make stuff up.
In 1687, Isaac Newtn expanded n the ntin with his cncept f a vera causa — a true cause, stating that we shuld admit nly causes that were bth true and sufficient t explain natural phenmena. He added that Nature did nthing in vain and Nature was pleased with simplicity. Althugh Newtn was a great scientist, this claim seems dd. Wh is t say what “pleases Nature”? Desn’t this guidance assume we knw what we are in fact trying t figure ut?
Cnsider the wrld f Physics filled with explanatins that are surprising, unexpected and hard t get yur head arund. Newtn explained light as being made f particles, whereas ther scientists explained it as a wave. Quantum mechanics, hwever, tells us light is bth a wave and a particle. Newtn’s accunt was simpler, but mdern physics tells us the mre cmplex mdel is clser t the truth.
When we turn t bilgy, things get even mre cmplicated. Imagine tw smkers, bth f whm went thrugh a pack a day fr 30 years. One gets cancer; the ther desn’t. The simplest explanatin? Fr decades the tbacc industry’s answer was that smking desn’t cause cancer. Simple but false. In fact, disease is cmplex, and we dn’t yet understand all the factrs invlved in cancer.
Occam’s razr is nt a fact r even a thery. It’s a metaphysical (形而上学的) principle: an idea held independently f empirical (实证的) evidence. In human affairs, things are mre ften than nt cmplex. Human mtivatins are typically multiple. Peple can be gd and bad at the same time, selfish and selfless, depending n circumstances. The shelves f ethicists are filled with bks pndering why gd peple d bad things, and their answers are rarely shrt and sweet.
Our explanatins shuld match the wrld as best as we can make them. Science is abut allwing things t unfld naturally, and smetimes this means accepting that the truth is nt simple, even if it wuld make ur lives easier if it were.
28. Occam’s razr indicates that_________.
A. simpler explanatins shuld be preferred
B. reasnable explanatins can’t be surprising
C. explanatins shuld be cnsistent with purpses
D. sufficient causes can explain natural phenmena
29. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Newtn ffered slid empirical supprt t Occam’s razr.
B. The tbacc industry’s respnse is in line with Occam’s razr.
C. Quantum mechanics cnfirms Newtn’s particle thery f light.
D. Ethicists argue human cmplexity results in multiple mtivatins.
30. It’s implied in the passage that we need t ________.
A. fllw the laws f natureB. interpret the wrld as it is
C. balance accuracy and simplicityD. highlight the existence f entities
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了“奥卡姆剃刀”认为最简单的解释最接近真相，但牛顿的理论及物理中光的解释、生物学中吸烟与癌症的关系表明，自然和人类事务都很复杂。奥卡姆剃刀是形而上学原则，科学应让事物自然展现，真相往往并非简单，不应一味追求简单的解释。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If yu’ve ever hung arund scientists, yu’ve mst likely heard ne f them say “the best explanatin is the simplest ne.”(如果你曾经和科学家在一起，你很可能会听到他们中的一个人说：“最好的解释是最简单的。”)”以及第二段“He frmulated the principle that “entities (实体) shuld nt be multiplied beynd necessity.”(他提出了这样一个原则：“如无必要，勿增实体”)”可知，奥卡姆剃刀理论表明，更简单的解释更可取。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“When we turn t bilgy, things get even mre cmplicated. Imagine tw smkers, bth f whm went thrugh a pack a day fr 30 years. One gets cancer; the ther desn’t. The simplest explanatin? Fr decades the tbacc industry’s answer was that smking desn’t cause cancer. Simple but false. In fact, disease is cmplex, and we dn’t yet understand all the factrs invlved in cancer.(当我们转向生物学时，事情变得更加复杂。想象一下，有两个吸烟者，他们每天吸一包烟，持续了30年。一个得了癌症；另一个没有。最简单的解释是什么？几十年来，烟草行业的答案是吸烟不会致癌。简单但错误。事实上，疾病是复杂的，我们还不了解与癌症有关的所有因素)”可知，烟草业用“吸烟不致癌”这一简单但错误的解释，虽违背事实，但其逻辑符合奥卡姆剃刀的表面原则（优先简单解释）。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our explanatins shuld match the wrld as best as we can make them. Science is abut allwing things t unfld naturally, and smetimes this means accepting that the truth is nt simple, even if it wuld make ur lives easier if it were.(我们的解释应该尽可能符合现实。科学是关于让事物自然展开的，有时这意味着接受事实并不简单，即使事实简单会让我们的生活更容易)”可知，我们需要如实地解读世界。故选B。
（二）
（2025年·海淀·二模）
In 1922 British gelgist Rbert Sherlck put frth what is nw cnsidered t be the central argument fr recgnizing the Anthrpcene (人类世) as a new gelgical era: the scale and character f human activities have becme s great as t cmpete with natural frces. Abut ne hundred years later, gelgists have bradly accepted Sherlck’s cre idea, and the Anthrpcene Wrking Grup has prpsed Crawfrd Lake in Canada as the fficial site fr marking the Anthrpcene.
The prpsal attracted a great deal f press, much f it fcused n a misguided cntrversy ver hw narrwly t define the Anthrpcene. Amid this debate, bservers may have been left t wnder why defining this chapter in Earth’s histry shuld matter t rdinary peple at all.
Sherlck was nt a lne wlf. He built n the wrk f thers. One was an American schlar Gerge Marsh, wh had called attentin t defrestatin and the rle f humans as “disturbing agents”. In additin t revisiting defrestatin, Sherlck described the changed curses f rivers thrugh dams and canals; and the huge quantities f stuff peple mve while mining the raw materials f mdern civilizatin. Human impacts were becming s manifest, Sherlck argued, that the distinctin between “natural” and “artificial” was becming difficult t sustain. We needed a new term t study the effects f human activities n Earth. Scientists f later generatins fllwed his ftsteps. And in 2000 Eugene F. Strmer and Paul J. Crutzen frmally prpsed the wrd “Anthrpcene” in a paper.
But science is cnservative in nature — the burden f prf is always n thse making a nvel claim — and the scial and ecnmic cnsequences f recgnizing the adverse effects f burning fssil fuels have led t enrmus resistance beynd scientific cmmunity.
The definitin f the Anthrpcene matters fr at least tw reasns. First, it is a way fr scientists t declare that the shifts ging n arund us are n small issue. Anthrpgenic climate change is a prfund change in the cnditins f life n Earth. In cuntless ways, the past may n lnger be a reliable guide t the future. We must rethink cre assumptins abut hw we build ur ecnmies and ur infrastructures, hw we travel, and even hw we eat.
Secnd, the definitin f the Anthrpcene extends the cnversatin beynd climate change. What gelgists can nw see in rcks — frm the subtle t the grss — pints t the widespread and lasting impact f human activities n Earth.
It is cmmn fr peple t say that as climate change prceeds, we can “just adapt”. Sme wealthy peple even think that, if necessary, they will mve t higher grund r lwer latitudes. N dubt sme peple will becme climate refugees, either vluntarily r under frce. But the definitin f the Anthrpcene reminds us that the challenge we face is gelgical in scale. It affects the whle Earth. It reminds us that as this new era unflds, there wn’t be anywhere t hide.
31. What can we learn abut the Anthrpcene?
A. It is driven by dramatic climate change.B. It is apprved as a definite gelgical era.
C. It highlights the impact f human activities.D. It marks the unique features f Crawfrd Lake.
32. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. A shift in mindset f respnsibility is in great need.
B. Gelgical changes in rcks remain t be uncvered.
C. The prf f new claims makes science cnservative.
D. The press fcuses n the significance f the Anthrpcene.
33. What des the wrd “manifest” underlined in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Direct.B. Diverse.C. Negative.D. Striking.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Des the Anthrpcene Matter?B. What Des the Anthrpcene Tell Us?
C. Can Humans Adapt t the Anthrpcene?D. Hw Can Humans Reduce Anthrpgenic Impact?
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕“人类世”这一概念展开，讨论了其定义，科学意义以及社会影响。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1922 British gelgist Rbert Sherlck put frth what is nw cnsidered t be the central argument fr recgnizing the Anthrpcene (人类世) as a new gelgical era: the scale and character f human activities have becme s great as t cmpete with natural frces.(1922年，英国地质学家罗伯特·歇洛克提出了人类世是一个新的地质时代的核心论点：人类活动的规模和性质已经变得如此之大，以至于可以与自然力量相竞争)”可知，人类世强调人类活动的影响。故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“We must rethink cre assumptins abut hw we build ur ecnmies and ur infrastructures, hw we travel, and even hw we eat.(我们必须重新思考我们如何建设经济和基础设施，如何旅行，甚至如何饮食等核心假设)”以及最后一段“It reminds us that as this new era unflds, there wn’t be anywhere t hide.(它提醒我们，随着这个新时代的展开，我们将无处可藏)”可知，我们需要转变责任心态，承担更多的责任。故选A。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“the distinctin between “natural” and “artificial” was becming difficult t sustain(“自然”和“人工”之间的区别越来越难以维持)”可知，人类的影响变得如此明显，以至于“自然”和“人为”之间的区别难以维持。故划线词意思是“显著的，引人注目的”。故选D。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“人类世”这一概念展开，讨论了其定义，科学意义以及社会影响。结合倒数第三段中“The definitin f the Anthrpcene matters fr at least tw reasns.(人类世的定义之所以重要，至少有两个原因)”定义人类世很重要，它彰显人类活动影响，还提醒我们需转变观念，因为人类面临的挑战规模巨大，无处可躲。因此，A选项“人类世重要吗？”最符合文章标题。故选A。
（三）
（2025年·西城·二模）
The human being is a “scial animal,” as Aristtle suggested. We have a fundamental need t belng. Yet we find urselves in the middle f an epidemic f lneliness and islatin. Hw, then, might we encurage the feelings f cnnectedness that are s crucial t ur well-being?
Over the past several years, my clleagues and I have cnducted scientific studies suggesting that experiential purchases tend t bring peple mre happiness than material nes. In recent research, we investigated anther dwnstream cnsequence f spending n experiences rather than things: it can prmte a greater sense f scial cnnectin.
We cnducted a series f 13 experiments invlving 1,980 participants. We asked peple t think abut either experiential r material purchases they had made and then rate their thughts and feelings abut thse purchases n nine-pint scales. In sme f ur studies, peple reprted feeling mre cnnectin with smene wh had made the same experiential purchase than smene wh had made the same material purchase. This reflects the fact that experiential purchases are mre central t an individual’s identity: ur data shw that peple feel mre similar t and mre cnnectin with smene wh purchases the same experience as them because they believe this kind f cnsumptin tends t represent mre f ne’s true, essential sense f self.
These findings apply even when peple think abut hw their experiences differ. Knwing that anther persn has a better versin f what yu have can create a sense f scial distance. What we bserve, hwever, is that this distance feels less wide when it cmes t experiential purchases cmpared with material nes.
We als discvered that experiential cnsumptin fsters (促进) a sense f scial cnnectedness mre bradly, nt just t thse wh have made a similar purchase. Peple wh reflected n experiences they had acquired — rather than material gds — reprted a brader sense f cnnectin t humanity.
Finally, we fund that after peple think abut a fulfilling experience, they express a greater desire t engage in scial activities than they d after they reflect n an imprtant pssessin. Experiences cnnect us with thers, and they prvide memries f such cnnectin that peple can revisit. These memries, in turn, can encurage engagement in even mre sciality.
One clear takeaway frm this research — like the many studies n experiential spending and happiness dne t date — is that peple wuld likely be wise t increase their spending n “ding” rather than “having.” But ur wrk pints t anther implicatin as well. Cmmunities culd benefit in many ways frm encuraging experiential pursuits. Plicymakers can supprt access t public parks, beaches and museums, fr example. Imprved funding fr the arts and perfrmance spaces can be a way fr cmmunities t ensure that shared experiences cntinue t bring peple tgether. Directing resurces tward mre cmmunity engagement might prmte imprvements in scietal well-being.
28. What can be learned abut experiential purchases?
A. They effectively prevent scial distancing.B. They prmte invlvement in scial events.
C. They allw peple t discver their true selves.D. They reduce the likelihd f scial cmparisn.
29. Accrding t the passage, plicymakers had better _______.
A. address the funding challenges f cmmunitiesB. advcate the imprtance f scial well-being
C. priritize the cnstructin f public spacesD. finance lcal cultural events and festivals
30. What is the purpse f this passage?
A. T argue against materialism in mdern sciety.
B. T suggest ways t reduce lneliness and islatin.
C. T cmpare the ecnmic value f gds and experiences.
D. T shw hw experiences bst cnnectin and well-being.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了体验式购物可以促进参与社会活动，解释了研究开展的过程以及带来的启发。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In recent research, we investigated anther dwnstream cnsequence f spending n experiences rather than things: it can prmte a greater sense f scial cnnectin.(在最近 研究中，我们调查了把钱花在体验上而不是实物上的另一个下游后果：它可以促进更强的社会联系感)”可知，体验式购买可以促进参与社会活动。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Plicymakers can supprt access t public parks, beaches and museums fr example. Imprved funding fr the arts and perfrmance spaces can be a way fr cmmunities t ensure that shared experiences cntinue t bring peple tgether. Directing resurces tward mre cmmunity engagement might prmte imprvements in scietal well-being.(例如，政策制定者可以支持进入公园、海滩和博物馆。改善对艺术和表演空间的资助可以成为社区确保共享体验继续将人们聚集在一起的一种方式。将资源用于更多的社区参与可能会促进社会福祉的改善)”可知，政策制定者最好资助当地的文化活动和节日。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第二段“Over the past several years, my clleagues and I have cnducted scientific studies suggesting that experiential purchases tend t bring peple mre happiness than material nes. In recent research, we investigated anther dwnstream cnsequence f spending n experiences rather than things: it can prmte a greater sense f scial cnnectin.(在过去的几年里，我和同事进行的科学研究表明，体验式购买往往比物质购买给人们带来更多的幸福感。在最近的研究中，我们调查了把钱花在体验上而不是实物上的另一个下游后果：它可以促进更强的社会联系感)”可知，文章主要说明了体验式购物可以促进参与社会活动，解释了研究开展的过程以及带来的启发。由此推知，这篇文章的目的是展示体验如何促进联系和幸福感。故选D。
题型二 语法填空
（2025年·西城·二模）
A
China has big plans fr space explratin. The cuntry is making steady prgress in its manned lunar prgram and aims t land Chinese astrnauts ____11____ the mn by 2030, the China Manned Space Agency said n March 3. The design wrk fr key prject ____12____ (cmpnent), including the Mengzhu manned spacecraft and the Wangyu lunar suit, is prgressing n schedule. The space agency als ____13____ (annunce) plans fr tw manned spaceflights this year — Shenzhu XX and XXI — as well as the Tianzhu 9 carg missin t the Tiangng space statin. Crew members fr the tw flights ____14____ (select) and are underging training.
【答案】11. n 12. cmpnents 13. annunced 14. have been selected
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的太空探索计划。
【11题详解】
考查介词。句意：3月3日，中国载人航天机构表示，我国载人探月工程正在稳步推进，目标是到2030年实现载人登月。短语land n表示“降落”。故填n。
【12题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：包括 “梦舟” 载人航天器和 “望宇” 月球服在内的关键项目部件的设计工作正按计划推进。根据including the Mengzhu manned spacecraft and the Wangyu lunar suit可知数量大于一用复数形式作宾语。故填cmpnents。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：中国航天局还宣布了今年两次载人航天飞行计划——神舟20号和21号，以及前往天宫空间站的天舟9号货运任务。动作发生在过去用一般过去时。故填annunced。
【14题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这两次飞行的机组人员已经选定，正在接受训练。主语Crew members fr the tw flights与谓语构成被动关系，且表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been selected。
B
Staple fds (主食) in China typically include rice and ndles. but sn a new type may jin the list: ptat-turned rice. This rice-shaped starch (淀粉) prduct ____15____ (make) frm ptates, is underging initial prductin in Zhatng. Yunnan Using a new technlgy, this ____16____ (innvatin) prduct has the ptential ____17____ (turn) ptates int a widely accepted staple fd in China helping imprve the cuntry’s fd security.
【答案】15. made 16. innvative 17. t turn
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了昭通生产的一种土豆转化大米。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这种由土豆制成的米状淀粉产品正在昭通进行初步生产。此处make与prduct构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填made。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：使用一种新技术，这种创新产品有可能使土豆成为中国广泛接受的主食，有助于改善中国的粮食安全。作定语，修饰名词prduct用形容词innvative。故填innvative。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：使用一种新技术，这种创新产品有可能使土豆成为中国广泛接受的主食，有助于改善中国的粮食安全。短语have the ptential t d sth.表示“有可能……”。故填t turn。
C
Last year was ____18____ (ht) n recrd, highlighting the significance f green technlgy in 2025. One key green technlgy is carbn capture (收集) and strage(CCS), ____19____ invlves separating CO₂ frm ther gases at emissin (排放) surces befre they are released int the atmsphere, and ____20____ (transprt) the CO₂ t an undergrund lcatin t be stred. CCS prjects are nw string abut 45 millin tns f CO₂ yearly, rughly equal t the emissins f 10 millin cars. The grwth f clean energy cntinues, with wind and slar pwer expected t vertake cal in electricity generatin.
【答案】18. the httest 19. which 20. transprting
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了绿色技术碳捕获和储存（CCS）可以将二氧化碳释放到大气之前将其与其他气体分离，并将二氧化碳运送到地下储存。
【18题详解】
考查最高级。句意：去年是有记录以来最热的一年，凸显了绿色科技在2025年的重要性。根据后文n recrd可知为最高级，前面加the。故填the httest。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一项关键的绿色技术是碳捕获和储存（CCS），它涉及在排放源将二氧化碳释放到大气之前将其与其他气体分离，并将二氧化碳运送到地下储存。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词carbn capture and strage(CCS)，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一项关键的绿色技术是碳捕获和储存（CCS），它涉及在排放源将二氧化碳释放到大气之前将其与其他气体分离，并将二氧化碳运送到地下储存。短语invlve ding sth.表示“涉及做某事”，故填transprting。
（三）
（2025年·东城·二模）
A
One night, my cat slipped ut f the huse unnticed. The next evening, a man kncked n my dr and asked ____11____ I was missing a cat. He explained he had sptted a cat lying by the radside after being hit by a truck. He stpped ____12____ (help), wrapping it with smething warm and ffering water and fd. ____13____ n cllar t guide him, he had t g dr-t-dr until he fund me.
【答案】11. if##whether 12. t help 13. With
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者的猫跑出去被一个男人救助并最终找到作者的故事。
【11题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：第二天晚上，一个男人来敲我的门，问我是不是丢了一只猫。空处引导宾语从句作asked的宾语，结合句意可知此处指“问我是不是丢了一只猫”，使用if/whether“是否”引导，故填if/whether。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他停下来帮忙，用一些暖和的东西把它包起来，并提供水和食物。结合“wrapping it with smething warm and ffering water and fd”可知，此处指“他停下来去帮忙”，使用stp t d sth，故填t help。
【13题详解】
考查介词。句意：由于没有项圈指引，他只好挨家挨户地找，直到找到我为止。此处是with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，在句中作状语，首字母应大写，故填With。
B
Plgging, a cmbinatin f jgging and picking up litter, started as an ____14____ (rganize) activity arund 2016 and then gradually became ppular. As a wrkut, plgging is mre efficient than simply running because it ____15____ (fcus) n bth envirnmental prtectin and persnal health. Plus, every piece f litter we pick up during plgging cntributes t a ____16____ (clean) and mre beautiful envirnment. This activity is a win-win situatin: we take care f Mther Nature while taking care f ____17____ (we).
【答案】14. rganized 15. fcuses 16. cleaner 17. urselves
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一项新的运动“跑步捡垃圾”及其好处。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：跑步捡垃圾是慢跑和捡垃圾的结合，在2016年左右开始作为一项有组织的活动，然后逐渐流行起来。空处修饰名词activity，应填形容词作定语，rganized“有组织的”，形容词，故填rganized。
【15题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：作为一种锻炼，跑步捡垃圾比单纯的跑步更有效，因为它既注重环境保护，又注重个人健康。结合句意及空前的is可知，此处是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，主语it表示单数意义，谓语动词使用三单形式，故填fcuses。
【16题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：此外，我们捡起的每一块垃圾都有助于营造一个更清洁、更美丽的环境。空处和“mre beautiful”并列，故此处用形容词比较级，故填cleaner。
【17题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：这个活动是一个双赢的局面：我们在照顾自己的同时照顾大自然。空处作宾语，和主语是同一指代对象，应用反身代词，故填urselves。
C
Lckers have lng been a schl traditin, but are they still necessary? Sme students argue lckers relieve their heavy backpack burdens. They als serve as valuable scial spaces ____18____ friendships frm. Hwever, mre students are using laptps and nline cntent t study and wrk n assignments, making lckers ____19____ (necessary). S, if schls remve lckers, mst f which are very ld, mre space ____20____ (create) in the hallways. They can use it t display artwrk r ther creative prjects, which will bring students tgether.
【答案】18. where 19. unnecessary 20. will be created
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了学校储物柜的必要性及其可能的替代用途。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它们也作为宝贵的社交空间，友谊在这里形成。设空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是spaces，从句中缺少地点状语，表示“在储物柜这个社交空间中形成友谊”，应用关系副词when引导。故填where
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，更多学生使用笔记本电脑和在线内容学习，使储物柜变得不必要。根据上下文逻辑，科技手段的普及使储物柜的功能被弱化，应用necessary的反义词unnecessary“不必要的”，作宾语补足语。故填unnecessary。
【20题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：如果学校拆除老旧储物柜，走廊里将创造更多空间。if引导条件状语从句，主句描述未来结果， 且space与create为被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be created
2025年
Clze 1
【2025全国一卷】One August afternn, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sld ur huse and we were busy 41 the belved hme ur family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided n key items fr the 42 we were mving t in twn, dnated what we culd, and rented a place t 43 ur suppsedly imprtant bjects. That left a huse still 44 with things that, while nt particularly 45 , didn’t belng in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline, fr $10. A cuple f messages came in, ne wanting additinal 46 , anther asking fr a price cut. As ur 47 day drew near, I settled n a new price ($0) and repsted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe yu wn’t.” In an instant, a wman raced int my huse and left happily with the vase.
49 , I psted mre. My daily psts and the 50 I received became a precius ray f light in the chas f my huse. Each exchange prvided a chance t 51 the landfill and t please anther persn I might nt therwise have 52 .
I sit in my apartment tday, lving each f the 53 that share ur small space. I take 54 in knwing that, smewhere nearby, smene is 55 smething that culdn’t cme with us.
41．A．painting verB．lking arundC．emptying utD．pulling dwn
42．A．htelB．fficeC．cttageD．apartment
43．A．streB．displayC．sellD．repair
44．A．cveredB．decratedC．stuffedD．equipped
45．A．cnventinalB．valuableC．cmplicatedD．tlerable
46．A．feesB．phtsC．receiptsD．mdels
47．A．mveB．payC．marketD．wrk
48．A．warningB．requestC．descriptinD．reply
49．A．CnfusedB．InterestedC．DisappintedD．Encuraged
50．A．visitsB．reprtsC．adviceD．mney
51．A．remveB．spareC．findD．check
52．A．investigatedB．recgnizedC．encunteredD．recmmended
53．A．giveawaysB．pstsC．cntributinsD．belngings
54．A．jyB．partC．careD．time
55．A．anticipatingB．appreciatingC．deliveringD．withdrawing
【答案】
41．C 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23年时间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting ver 粉刷覆盖；B. lking arund 环顾四周；C. emptying ut 清空；D. pulling dwn 拆除。根据上文“My husband and I had just sld ur huse”和下文“the belved hme ur family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. htel 酒店；B. ffice 办公室；C. cttage 小屋；D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment tday”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. stre 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair 修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“ur suppsedly imprtant bjects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存放重要物品。故选A。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. cvered 覆盖的；B. decrated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上文“rented a place t 3 ur suppsedly imprtant bjects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. cnventinal 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. cmplicated 复杂的；D. tlerable 可容忍的。根据上文“while nt particularly”以及下文“didn’t belng in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；B. phts 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. mdels 模型。根据上文“I tk a picture f the vase”及“additinal”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0美元）并重新发布了它。A. mve 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. wrk 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request 请求；C. descriptin 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline”以及下文“I hate this vase. Maybe yu wn’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Cnfused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣的；C. Disappinted 失望的；D. Encuraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a wman raced int my huse and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵的光芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reprts 报告；C. advice 建议；D. mney 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a wman raced int my huse”以及“My daily psts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. remve 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语境以及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare引申为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recgnized 认出；C. encuntered 遇见；D. recmmended 推荐。根据上文“anther persn I might nt therwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到高兴。故选C。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways 赠品；B. psts 帖子；C. cntributins 贡献；D. belngings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my apartment tday”以及下文“share ur small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. jy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“lving each f the 13 that share ur small space.”以及下文“in knwing that, smewhere nearby”可推知，此处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根据上文“I take 13 in knwing that, smewhere nearby”以及下文“smething that culdn’t cme with us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。
Clze 2
【2025全国二卷】Evelyn Dnhue is a 65-year-ld grandma. She nly started t 41 seven years ag after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disrders and health issues, which 43 led her t getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed t make a 44 . Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a 45 lifestyle, befre discvering a 46 fr weightlifting.
Since setting ut n the jurney, the 47 lver has nt nly managed t 48 an impressive set f muscles but als a huge fllwing n scial media.
The well-liked grandma regularly psts wrkut cntent, explaining there’s n 49 thers can’t lk this gd. She said it was all dwn t sme key aspects.
“Hld n: Cnsider failure as a 50 t success and never give up. Stick t yur plan,” she said. “ 51 thers: Lift thers up n yur jurney. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previusly explained that “yu d nt need t have an amazing bdy t exercise... the 53 is t feel gd, nt lk gd.”
Ms Dnhue used t be laughed at fr being t ld t wrk ut, but she has prved the 54 wrng in the best pssible way and has indeed becme an 55 fr many scial media users.
41．A．writeB．travelC．exerciseD．recver
42．A．gdwillB．timeutC．lng-distanceD．wake-up
43．A．nrmallyB．ultimatelyC．suddenlyD．autmatically
44．A．changeB．frtuneC．wishD．deal
45．A．riskyB．traditinalC．cmfrtableD．healthy
46．A．demandB．secretC．passinD．cure
47．A．peaceB．fitnessC．funD．nature
48．A．grwB．cntrlC．activateD．relax
49．A．needB．chiceC．reasnD．difference
50．A．green lightB．rad blckC．passing markD．stepping stne
51．A．HelpB．CnsultC．FllwD．Frgive
52．A．acceptedB．sharedC．expectedD．celebrated
53．A．galB．caseC．dutyD．cst
54．A．instructrsB．admirersC．beginnersD．dubters
55．A．authrityB．excuseC．inspiratinD．ptin
【答案】
41．C 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．D 46．C 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，消除网络质疑的故事。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write写作；B. travel旅行；C. exercise锻炼；D. recver康复。根据下文的“Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. gdwill善意、友好；B. timeut超时；C. lng-distance长途；D. wake-up唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been struggling with eating disrders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选D。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A. nrmally通常；B. ultimately最终；C. suddenly突然；D. autmatically自动地。根据上文“She’d been struggling with eating disrders and health issues”以及下文“led her t getting surgery”可推知，此处指健康问题最终导致手术。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change改变；B. frtune幸运；C. wish愿望；D. deal交易。根据上文“led her t getting surgery”及后文“turn her life arund”可推知，此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dnhue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky有风险的；B. traditinal传统的；C. cmfrtable舒适的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dnhue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand要求；B. secret秘密；C. passin激情，热情；D. cure疗法、药物。根据上文“Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a 5 lifestyle”以及下文的“fr weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passin fr sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace和平；B. fitness健身；C. fun乐趣；D. nature自然。根据下文“wrkut cntent”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grw形成，产生；B. cntrl控制；C. activate激活；D. relax放松。根据下文“an impressive set f muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好。A. need需要；B. chice选择；C. reasn理由；D. difference差异。根据上文“n”以及下文“thers can’t lk this gd”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。
50．考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light绿灯；B. rad blck路障；C. passing mark通过标志；D. stepping stne踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly psts wrkut cntent, explaining there’s n 9 thers can’t lk this gd.”和“failure as a”以及下文“t success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help帮助；B. Cnsult咨询；C. Fllw遵循；D. Frgive原谅。根据下文“Lift thers up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted接受；B. shared共享；C. expected期待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly psts wrkut cntent, explaining there’s n ___9___ thers can’t lk this gd.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. gal目标；B. case案例；C. duty责任；D. cst成本。根据上文“yu d nt need t have an amazing bdy t exercise”以及下文“is t feel gd, nt lk gd.”可推知，此处指运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dnhue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructrs讲师；B. admirers爱慕者；C. beginners初学者；D. dubters持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Dnhue used t be laughed at fr being t ld t wrk ut, but she has prved the”以及下文“wrng in the best pssible way”可推知，此处指Dnhue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dnhue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authrity权威；B. excuse借口；C. inspiratin灵感；D. ptin选项。根据语境以及下文“r many scial media users”可知，一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。
Clze 3
【2025浙江1月卷】Manuela Ribeir has a healthy addictin. It’s 41 . A few mnths ag, the 30-year-ld teacher decided it was time t put her 42 t gd use. She signed up n the website Bkalkal, and nw welcmes 43 int her Brussels flat twice a week fr dinner parties.
Ribeir 44 €35 per persn fr what is usually a three-curse meal that can last up t three hurs. Fr Ribeir, it has becme a perfect platfrm fr 45 her hbby f buying fd, 46 new recipes and hlding dinner parties.
“It’s a great pprtunity t share my passin fr fd and t 47 new peple,” said Ribeir. Smetimes she prepares traditinal Brazilian dishes 48 her native hme; ther times she 49 dinner curses with her favrite beers.
The platfrm has enabled Ribeir t realise her dream with a great deal f freedm, as 50 t a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is knwn in advance, and the meal is expected t be n 52 .
“But it’s als a great 53 , fr it can smetimes take days t 54 a single event,” Ribeir said. “This platfrm is nt nly 55 fr prfessinal cks, but als fr thse willing t discver new experiences.”
41．A．readingB．travelingC．ckingD．teaching
42．A．hbbyB．energyC．educatinD．mney
43．A．cwrkersB．studentsC．relativesD．strangers
44．A．paysB．chargesC．wesD．raises
45．A．pursuingB．chsingC．discussingD．changing
46．A．passing nB．trying utC．ging verD．taking dwn
47．A．hireB．helpC．meetD．train
48．A．in additin tB．in return frC．in hnr fD．in line with
49．A．replacesB．tastesC．rdersD．pairs
50．A．ppsedB．relatedC．subjectD．vital
51．A．invaluableB．impersnalC．unsuitableD．unprfessinal
52．A．surpriseB．endC．needD．prblem
53．A．lessnB．pleasureC．successD．challenge
54．A．celebrateB．recrdC．attendD．rganise
55．A．selectedB．reservedC．evaluatedD．requested
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．D 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Manuela Ribeir将自己的烹饪爱好发展成副业，通过在Bkalkal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，与陌生人分享美食并结交新朋友的故事。
41．考查名词词义辨析：句意：Manuela Ribeir有一种健康的癖好。那就是烹饪。A. reading阅读；B. traveling旅行；C. cking烹饪；D. teaching教学。根据下文“She signed up n the website Bkalkal, and nw welcmes 3 int her Brussels flat twice a week fr dinner parties”可知，她现在在Bkalkal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，由此推知她的嗜好是烹饪。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析：句意：几个月前，这位30岁的老师决定是时候好好利用她的爱好了。A. hbby爱好；B. energy精力；C. educatin教育；D. mney钱。根据上文“Manuela Ribeir has a healthy addictin. It’s 1 .”可知，她的爱好是烹饪，此处指好好利用她的烹饪爱好。故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析：句意：她在Bkalkal 网站上注册了，现在每周两次欢迎陌生人到她布鲁塞尔的公寓来参加晚宴。A. cwrkers同事；B. students学生；C. relatives亲戚；D. strangers陌生人。根据下文“It’s a great pprtunity t share my passin fr fd and t 7 new peple”可知，这是一个分享她对食物的热爱和结识新朋友的好机会，由此推知她欢迎陌生人到她的公寓参加晚宴。故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对于通常一顿可能持续长达三个小时的三道菜的晚餐，Ribeir向每人收取35欧元。A. pays支付；B. charges收费；C. wes欠；D. raises提高，筹集。根据下文“€35 per persn fr what is usually a three-curse meal”可知，这是Manuela Ribeir为客人提供的晚餐的收费标准，即每人收费35欧元。故选B。
45．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对Ribeir来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. pursuing追求；B. chsing选择；C. discussing讨论；D. changing改变。根据上文“Manuela Ribeir has a healthy addictin. It’s 1 .”可知，Manuela Ribeir热爱烹饪，所以此处想表达的是“追求她购买食材的爱好”。故选A。
46．考查动词短语辨析：句意：对Ribeir来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. passing n传递；B. trying ut尝试；C. ging ver复习；D. taking dwn记下。根据下文“new recipes”可知，此处表示尝试新食谱。故选B。
47．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这是一个分享我对食物的热情以及结识新朋友的好机会。” Ribeir说。A. hire雇佣；B. help帮助；C. meet遇见，结识；D. train训练。根据下文“This platfrm is nt nly 15 fr prfessinal cks, but als fr thse willing t discver new experiences.”可知，这个平台不仅适合专业厨师，也适合那些愿意探索新体验的人，由此可推测出Manuela Ribeir通过这个平台可以认识新朋友。故选C。
48．考查介词短语辨析。句意：有时她准备传统的巴西菜肴，以纪念她的祖国；有时她会用她最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。A. in additin t除……外（还）；B. in return fr作为……的回报；C. in hnr f为了纪念；D. in line with符合。根据下文“her native hme”以及语境可知，为了纪念她的祖国，Ribeir会准备传统的巴西菜肴。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析：句意：有时她会按照她的家乡巴西的传统准备传统的巴西菜肴；有时她会把晚餐菜肴和她最喜欢的啤酒搭配起来。A. replaces代替；B. tastes品尝；C. rders订购；D. pairs配对，搭配。根据下文“dinner curses with her favrite beers”可知，此处表示用Ribeir最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。故选D。
50．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeir能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. ppsed相反的，对立的；B. related相关的；C. subject受…… 支配的；D. vital至关重要的。根据下文“t a restaurant where the service is”可知，此处是将在平台上做饭和开餐厅进行对比，表示两者是相反的。故选A。
51．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeir能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. invaluable无价的；B. impersnal没有人情味的；C. unsuitable不合适的；D. unprfessinal不专业的。根据下文“the menu is knwn in advance, and the meal is expected t be n 12 ”可知，菜单是提前知道的，而且饭菜没有什么惊喜，说明餐厅的服务是没有人情味的。故选B。
52．考查名词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeir能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. surprise惊喜；B. end结束；C. need需要；D. prblem问题。根据上文“the menu is knwn in advance”可知，菜单是提前知道的，由此推知饭菜没有什么惊喜。故选A。
53．考查名词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeir说。A. lessn教训；B. pleasure快乐；C. success成功；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“it can smetimes take days t 14 a single event”可知，有时组织一个活动可能需要几天的时间，这是一件具有挑战性的事情。故选D。
54．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeir说。A. celebrate庆祝；B. recrd记录；C. attend参加；D. rganise组织。根据下文“a single event”可知，此处指组织一个活动。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这个平台不仅是为专业厨师保留的，也是为那些愿意发现新体验的人准备的。”A. selected选择；B. reserved保留；C. evaluated评估；D. requested请求。根据下文“fr prfessinal cks, but als fr thse willing t discver new experiences”可知，这个平台不仅为专业厨师保留，而且也为那些愿意发现新体验的人保留，应用be reserved fr。故选B。
Clze 4
【2025北京卷】At 15, I excelled academically yet felt vershadwed and unnticed. The ____1____ t stand ut cnsumed me, pushing me twards a regrettable decisin.
One day, during a class in the IT lab with my classmates, ur teacher mentined missing cmputer parts. ____2____ lks exchanged, everyne wndered hw it culd happen in a(n) ____3____ lab. “It’s pssible t pen that lck with anther key,” I said. Instantly, eyes turned t me with newfund interest and curisity. It was a rush I had never experienced befre. Enjying all the eyes n me, I ____4____ hw t pen the lck.
Little did I realize that single mment wuld ruin everything.
The fllwing day, called t the headmaster’s ffice, I fund myself accused f stealing the missing parts. “I didn’t d it, sir,” I argued, but suspicin ____5____ his eyes. His repeated ____6____ intensified, pushing me t the edge f fear and tears. In a desperate attempt t escape the munting pressure, I ____7____ cnfessed (承认).
The headmaster asked my father t cme t schl, whse shaky faith in me brught a mix f relief and ____8____. My father gently asked me if I understd the gravity f my actins. ____9____, I cnfessed my misguided lnging fr recgnitin. In the headmaster’s ffice, my father listened attentively, and then spke with quiet authrity: “I trust my sn. He is nt a thief.”
With my father’s supprt, I learned a valuable lessn: ____10____ cannt be frced; true recgnitin cmes frm hnurable acts.
1. A. prmiseB. cmpetitinC. desireD. hesitatin
2. A. CuriusB. HpefulC. DistantD. Envius
3. A. expensiveB. lckedC. mdernD. abandned
4. A. discveredB. recmmendedC. demnstratedD. imagined
5. A. caughtB. cludedC. hurtD. brightened
6. A. questiningB. remindingC. cmplainingD. requesting
7. A. warmlyB. readilyC. randmlyD. falsely
8. A. prideB. patienceC. shameD. surprise
9. A. GeneruslyB. TearfullyC. CarelesslyD. Strangely
10. A. tleranceB. gratitudeC. sympathyD. attentin
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了15岁的作者为了引起关注分享开锁方法，却被怀疑偷电脑零件，在校长逼问下作者被迫承认，最后父亲表示相信作者，作者也明白了真正的认可来自高尚行为的道理。1.【答案】
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：引起注意的欲望吞噬着我，促使我做出了一个令人遗憾的决定。A. prmise承诺；B. cmpetitin竞争；C. desire欲望；D. hesitatin犹豫。根据前文“At 15, I excelled academically yet felt vershadwed and unnticed.”可知，作者学业优秀却感觉不被关注，所以有引起注意的欲望。故选C项。
2.【答案】
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。A. Curius好奇的；B. Hpeful有希望的；C. Distant遥远的；D. Envius嫉妒的。根据后文“everyne wndered hw it culd happen”可知，大家对电脑零件丢失这件事感到好奇。故选A项。
3.【答案】
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。A. expensive昂贵的；B. lcked锁着的；C. mdern现代的；D. abandned废弃的。根据后文“It’s pssible t pen that lck with anther key”可知，实验室是锁着的。故选B项。
4.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：享受着所有人的目光，我演示了如何开锁。A. discvered发现；B. recmmended推荐；C. demnstrated演示；D. imagined想象。根据前文作者的话“It’s pssible t pen that lck with anther key”和“Instantly, eyes turned t me with newfund interest and curisity.”可知，作者知道如何用其它钥匙开锁，为了享受大家的关注，所以演示了开锁方法。故选C项。
5.【答案】
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没做，先生，”我争辩道，但他的眼中充满了怀疑。A. caught抓住；B. cluded使模糊，笼罩，显得阴沉（或恐惧、愤怒等）；C. hurt伤害；D. brightened使明亮。根据前文“I fund myself accused f stealing the missing parts.”可知，校长怀疑作者，怀疑的神色笼罩在他眼中，眼中显示出怀疑的神色。故选B项。
6.【答案】
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他反复的询问加剧了，把我逼到了恐惧和流泪的边缘。A. questining询问；B. reminding提醒；C. cmplaining抱怨；D. requesting请求。根据前文“His repeated”和后文“pushing me t the edge f fear and tears”可知，校长反复询问作者，让作者感到害怕。故选A项。
7.【答案】
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了摆脱不断增加的压力，我谎称自己有罪。A. warmly热情地；B. readily乐意地；C. randmly随机地；D. falsely错误地，不实地。根据前文“I didn’t d it, sir”可知，作者没偷东西，结合“In a desperate attempt t escape the munting pressure”可知，作者为了摆脱压力，所以虚假地承认。故选D项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：校长请父亲来学校一趟，他对我不太坚定的信任让我既感到一丝宽慰，又觉得羞愧难当。A. pride骄傲；B. patience耐心；C. shame羞愧；D. surprise惊讶。根据前文“In a desperate attempt t escape the munting pressure, I ___7____ cnfessed (承认).”和“The headmaster asked my father t cme t schl”可知，作者被迫承认偷了东西，现在校长请来了父亲。结合常识，父亲的到来会带给处于困境中的作者一丝宽慰，但同时，作者也会因自己为了引起关注而犯下的错误感到羞愧。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我泪流满面地承认了自己对认可的错误渴望。A. Generusly慷慨地；B. Tearfully含泪地；C. Carelessly粗心地；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据前文“pushing me t the edge f fear and tears”和“In a desperate attempt t escape the munting pressure, I ___7___cnfessed (承认).”可知，作者因为害怕和委屈流泪了，并被迫承认偷了东西。父亲来时，作者是含泪承认自己为了引起关注而犯下的错误。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了父亲的支持，我学到了宝贵的一课：关注不能强求；真正的认可来自高尚的行为。A. tlerance容忍；B. gratitude感激；C. sympathy同情；D. attentin关注。根据前文“At 15, I excelled academically yet felt vershadwed and unnticed.”可知，作者一直渴望得到关注，所以这里说关注不能强求。故选D项。
2024年
Clze 1
【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】I’ve been mtivated — and demtivated — by ther flks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend ____41____ a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running ____42____, but then tw things happened. First, a girl I met ne day tld me she was ____43____ fr a “super,” referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn. Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles. T be hnest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
S I ____47____ cycling. I gt a gd bike and rde a lt. I ____48____ f entering cycle races until I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister. While she was at wrk ne day, I ____49____ her bike and went fr a ride. The ____50____: The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I gt ____52____ by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads. When I gt back hme, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
I’ve ____54____ a lt since then. I’ve cme t accept that whatever ____55____ I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.
41. A. knewB. heldC. wnD. quit
42. A. regularlyB. silentlyC. prudlyD. recently
43. A. askingB. lkingC. waitingD. training
44. A. madeB. believedC. hatedD. deserved
45. A. advantageB. achievementC. cntributinD. influence
46. A. wayB. riskC. placeD. reasn
47. A. gave upB. went nC. turned tD. dealt with
48. A. heardB. dreamedC. cmplainedD. apprved
49. A. paintedB. brrwedC. bughtD. parked
50. A. prblemB. secretC. principleD. advice
51. A. dangersB. eventsC. ppnentsD. challenges
52. A. passedB. cnvincedC. admiredD. stpped
53. A. reliableB. cnvenientC. familiarD. appealing
54. A. traveledB. maturedC. missedD. wrried
55. A. limitsB. datesC. galsD. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. wn赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling mtivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. prudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling mtivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. lking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring t a 52.4-mile duble marathn”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure bredm f jgging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. cntributin贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went n my lngest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reasn理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went n继续；C. turned t转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the nly 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. cmplained抱怨；D. apprved批准。根据后文“f entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. brrwed借；C. bught买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister”以及后文“went fr a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. prblem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. ppnents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The rads there went thrugh large valleys where I’d be riding uphill fr miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. cnvinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stpped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. cnvenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I gt 12 by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. wrried担心。根据后文“I’ve cme t accept that whatever 15 I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. gals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。故选C项。
Clze 2
【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】When I decided t buy a huse in Eurpe ten years ag, I didn't think t lng. I liked traveling in France, but when it came t picking my favrite spt t ___21___, Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit t Italy, I ___22___ t ask fr directins r rder in a restaurant. But every time I tried t ___23___ a sentence f Italian tgether, the lcals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encuragement helped me t get thrugh the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent hme, I discvered hw ___26___ Italians are. Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr t ___27___ me t clse the windw in my car when rain is cming. It's these small ___28___ f kindness that make a new cuntry feel like hme.
As a fdie, the way t my heart is thrugh my stmach, and nwhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each twn has its wn traditinal ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed frm ne generatin t anther. Families ____31____ fr big meals n Sundays, birthdays, and whatever ther excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and jy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the prblems are ____35____ nce yu sit dwn t a big meal with friends and family.
21. A. studyB. rentC. visitD. settle
22. A. plannedB. struggledC. refusedD. happened
23. A. stringB. hangC. mixD. match
24. A. imprvedB. assessedC. admiredD. praised
25. A. curseB. barrierC. areaD. test
26. A. pen-mindedB. strng-willedC. warm-heartedD. well-infrmed
27. A. remindB. allwC. persuadeD. rder
28. A. tricksB. prmisesC. actsD. duties
29. A. ambitinB. successC. appetiteD. grwth
30. A. cstumeB. dishC. symblD. tale
31. A. gatherB. cheerC. leaveD. wait
32. A. put up withB. stand up frC. cme up withD. make up fr
33. A. signaledB. cnfirmedC. representedD. accmpanied
34. A. disadvantagesB. meaningsC. surprisesD. pprtunities
35. A. createdB. frgttenC. understdD. identified
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent租金；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent hme”以及“make a new cuntry feel like hme”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit t Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence f Italian tgether”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. imprved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the lcals smiled at me”以及下文“That encuragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.curse课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the lcals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encuragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. pen-minded思想开明的；B. strng-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-infrmed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr”和“clse the windw in my car when rain is cming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allw允许；C. persuade说服；D. rder命令。根据上文“I discvered hw warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will cme t my dr”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. prmises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr t remind me t clse the windw in my car when rain is cming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambitin雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. grwth发育。根据上文“As a fdie, the way t my heart is thrugh my stmach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. cstume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbl符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed frm ne generatin t anther”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up fr支持；C. cme up with想出；D. make up fr弥补。根据上文“whatever ther excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. cnfirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accmpanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and jy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accmpany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. pprtunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the prblems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. frgtten忘记；C. understd理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the prblems”以及下文“nce yu sit dwn t a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。
Clze 3
【2024浙江1月卷】While taking a 20-hur train ride alng the edge f the Taklimakan Desert in nrthwestern China, I had the kind f humbling, educatinal, and abve all else, wnderful ____21____ with a lcal that all travelers lng fr. A yung Chinese man ____22____ me n the train. My ____23____ friend spke virtually n English, s I happily tk the ____24____ t practice my Chinese.
Over several hurs, he wuld tell me abut hw he had ____25____ a tw-year prfessinal schl t quickly find a jb ____26____ highways in rder t help supprt his family. Perhaps the mst ____27____, hwever, was the fact that this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr. Withut batting an eye, he wuld ____28____ a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American ____29____ as a whle. ”And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?” I ____30____ him asking at ne pint.
It wuld have been easy t ____31____ my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme. But this highly infrmed, ____32____ , and admirable persn prevented me ding s. In the curse f a cuple f hurs, he ____33____ me just hw much ne can gain frm ____34____ with an pen mind, and a willingness t ____35____ with lcals frm all walks f life.
21. A. experiment B. encunterC. cmpetitinD. appintment
22. A. treatedB. savedC. lecturedD. apprached
23. A. trueB. s-calledC. newD. lng-lst
24. A. chanceB. adviceC. trubleD. right
25. A. visitedB. financedC. attendedD. funded
26. A. buildingB. sweepingC. checkingD. guarding
27. A. typicalB. bviusC. naturalD. remarkable
28. A. publishB. quteC. сорyD. dwnlad
29. A. writersB. histriansC. wrkersD. students
30. A anticipateB. imagineC. recallD. catch
31. A. lk intB. rely nC. g verD. deal with
32. A. well-behavedB. multi-skilledC. warm-heartedD. self-educated
33. A. askedB. warnedC. shwedD. prmised
34. A. travelingB. readingC. searchingD. teaching
35 A. cperateB. sideC. negtiateD. engage
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encunter邂逅；C. cmpetitin比赛；D. appintment任命。根据后文“with a lcal that all travelers lng fr”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. apprached靠近。根据后文“me n the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. s-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. lng-lst很久不见的。根据上文“A yung Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. truble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“t practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. funded成立。根据后文“a tw-year prfessinal schl”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in rder t help supprt his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. bvius显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. qute引用；C. cpy复制；D. dwnlad下载。根据后文“a translated Emersn passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. histrians历史学家；C. wrkers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American”以及后文“And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at ne pint”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. lk int调查；B. rely n依靠；C. g ver复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. shwed展示；D. prmised承诺。根据后文“me just hw much ne can gain frm”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an pen mind, and a willingness t”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cperate合作；B. side边；C. negtiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with lcals frm all walks f life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
Clze 4
【2024北京卷】I’d just arrived at schl, ready fr anther schl day. I was reading a bk in the classrm when there was an ___1___. “Tday at 1: 10 there will be auditins (面试) fr a musical.” My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me, “Will yu be ging, Amy?” “Sure,” I said. I had n ___2___ in drama, but I’d try ut because my friends were ding it.
At 1:10, there was a ___3___ utside the drama rm. Everyne lked energetic. I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that mrning. But nw that I was ding it, I ___4___ felt nervus. What if I wasn’t any gd?
I entered the rm and the teachers made me say sme lines frm the musical. They then ___5___ my singing skills and asked what rle I wanted t play. The teachers were smiling and praising me. I felt like I had a ___6___, s I said, “A big rle.” They said they’d lk int it. I started getting really nervus. What if I didn’t get a main rle?
Sn, the cast list was ___7___. My friends checked and came back shuting, “Amy, yu gt the main rle! ” Sure enugh, my name was at the tp. I just stared at it and started t ___8___. I was s happy.
After tw mnths we were all prepared and ready t g n stage. It was fun. And when peple started ___9___, that gave me a bst f cnfidence. It stayed with me and made me feel ___10___. I realised that by trying smething new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping ut f my cmfrt zne.
1. A. assignmentB. initiativeC. annuncementD. interview
2. A. hesitancyB. interestC. wrryD. regret
3. A. gameB. shwC. playD. line
4. A. suddenlyB. cntinuuslyC. riginallyD. generally
5. A. advertisedB. testedC. challengedD. plished
6. A. demandB. creditC. dreamD. chance
7. A. tradedB. pstedC. questinedD. claimed
8 A. well upB. rll inC. stand utD. g ff
9. A. whisperingB. arguingC. clappingD. stretching
10. A. funnierB. fairerC. clevererD. braver
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者抱着试一试的心态，参加了音乐剧面试却成功获得了扮演音乐剧主角的机会，作者在这次经历中体验到了尝试新事物带来的乐趣。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在教室里看书，这时有一则公告。A. assignment任务；B. initiative倡议；C. annuncement公告；D. interview面试。根据下文“Tday at 1:10 there will be auditins fr a musical.”可推知，此处指作者正在教室里看书，这时作者听到有一则公告。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对戏剧没有兴趣，但是因为朋友们都在做，我也决定尝试一下。A. hesitancy犹豫；B. interest兴趣；C. wrry担心；D. regret懊悔。根据下文“But I’d try ut because my friends were ding it”可推知，此处指作者虽然对戏剧没有兴趣，但因为朋友们都在做，所以作者也决定尝试一下。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在1:10的时候，戏剧室外面排起了队。A. game游戏；B. shw展览；C. play游戏；D. line队伍。根据下文“Everyne lked energetic. I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that mrning.”可知，此处指戏剧室外面排起了队。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是现在我正在排队的时候，我突然感到紧张。A. suddenly突然；B. cntinuusly连续不断地；C. riginally起初；D. generally通常。根据上文“But nw that I was ding it,”以及下文“What if I wasn’t any gd?”可推知，此处指作者在排队的过程中突然感到紧张。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们测试了我的唱歌技巧，问我想要演什么角色。A. advertised为……做广告；B. tested测验；C. challenged对……怀疑；D. plished润色。根据上文“I entered the rm and the teachers made me say sme lines frm the musical.”以及下文“The teachers were smiling and praising me.”可推知，此处指作者进入戏剧室后，老师们让作者说几句音乐剧中的台词，测试作者的唱歌技巧，并对作者的表现很满意。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉我有机会，所以我说“一个重要的角色”。A. demand需求；B. credit信用；C. dream梦想；D. chance机会。根据上文“The teachers were smiling and praising me.”可知，作者得到老师的表扬，所以此处指作者觉得自己有机会扮演音乐剧主角。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久演员表就被张贴了出来。A. traded交易；B. psted张贴；C. questined询问；D. claimed宣称。根据下文“My friends checked and came back shuting, “Amy, yu gt the main rle!””以及下文“my name was at the tp.”可推知，此处指很快演员表就被张贴了出来，作者在名单最上边。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是盯着它，然后开始情绪开始迸发。A. well up (情绪)迸发；B. rll in (金钱等)大量涌进；C. stand ut脱颖而出；D. g ff爆炸。根据下文“I was s happy”可推知，此处指作者盯着演员表看，然后情绪开始迸发，感觉很开心。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后人们开始鼓掌，这给了我信心。A. whispering耳语；B. arguing争吵；C. clapping鼓掌；D. stretching伸展。根据下文“that gave me a bst f cnfidence”以及常识可推知，此处指人们的掌声增强了作者的信心。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它一直伴随着我，让我感到更勇敢。A. funnier更有趣的；B. fairer更公平的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. braver更勇敢的。根据上文“that gave me a bst f cnfidence”以及下文“I realised that by trying smething new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping ut f my cmfrt zne.”可推知，人们的掌声给了作者信心，这使得作者感觉更勇敢，可以走出舒适区，通过尝试新事物获得乐趣。故选D。
2023年完形填空记叔文
Clze 1
【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have ____21____ the curse earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ acrss the finish line.
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her ____24____ when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She ____25____ t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue. Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with ____26____. She culdn’t. Bailey then ____27____ t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get ____28____ attentin.
Once there, Lenue was ____29____ and later taken t a hspital, where she learned that she had serius injuries in ne f her knees. She wuld have struggled with extreme ____30____ t make it t that aid checkpint withut Bailey’s help.
As fr Bailey, she is mre ____31____ abut why her act is cnsidered a big ____32____. “She was just crying. I culdn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey tld the reprter. “I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”
Althugh the tw yung wmen were strangers befre the ____34____, they’ve since becme friends. Neither wn the race, but the ____35____ f human kindness wn the day.
21. A. designedB. fllwedC. changedD. finished
22. A. delayB. chanceC. trubleD. excuse
23. A. judgeB. vlunteerC. classmateD. cmpetitr
24. A. raceB. schlC. twnD. training
25. A. agreedB. returnedC. stppedD. prmised
26. A. curageB. aidC. patienceD. advice
27. A. went awayB. std upC. stepped asideD. bent dwn
28. A. medicalB. publicC. cnstantD. equal
29. A. interruptedB. assessedC. identifiedD. appreciated
30. A. hungerB. painC. cldD. tiredness
31. A. wrriedB. ashamedC. cnfusedD. discuraged
32. A. gameB. prblemC. lessnD. deal
33. A. leaveB. cureC. btherD. understand
34. A. rideB. testC. meetD. shw
35. A. secretB. displayC. benefitD. exchange
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B
31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. fllwed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get ____8____ attentin”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. truble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey shuld have ____1____ the curse earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. vlunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. cmpetitr参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. schl学校；C. twn城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stpped停止；D. prmised答应。根据下文“t help her fellw runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. curage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey tk her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. std up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent dwn弯腰。根据下文“let Lenue climb nt her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. cnstant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attentin意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken t a hspital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cld感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. wrried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. discuraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just ding the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. prblem问题；C. lessn课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just ding the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bther打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. shw展示。根据第一段“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”及空前的“the tw yung wmen were strangers befre”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get ____8____ attentin”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
Clze 2
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】In April last year, I saw a pst n the PNP (Pilts N Paws) website frm a family in Tpeka. They had t mve t Virginia but they were n a very tight ___21___. They culd nt affrd t pay fr ___22___ fr their dg, Tiffy, and ___23___ wanted t take her with them.
It just ___24___ that I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen, wh ___25___ t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia. What I was t d was fly t Tpeka t ___26___ Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s wners, they seemed very ___27___. Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___28___ fr him, having t leave his dg t a ___29___ and trust that everything wuld _____30_____.
After sme gdbyes, I asked Gerge and his wife t help me _____31_____ Tiffy int the plane. I prmised t take care f Tiffy and _____32_____ them as sn as we gt t Kansas City.
The flight was _____33_____, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she _____34_____ with Karen and made it back t Gerge in Virginia within a few days. He was s _____35_____ and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great t knw that I had helped bring this family tgether again.
21. A. turnB. budgetC. scheduleD. cnnectin
22. A. fdB. shelterC. medicineD. transprtatin
23. A. desperatelyB. temprarilyC. secretlyD. riginally
24. A. appearedB. prvedC. happenedD. shwed
25. A. waitedB. fferedC. hurriedD. failed
26. A. see ffB. lk frC. hand verD. pick up
27. A. cnfusedB. nervusC. annyedD. curius
28. A. hardB. fineC. cmmnD. lucky
29. A. cwrkerB. passengerC. strangerD. neighbr
30. A. speed upB. wrk utC. cme backD. take ff
31. A. feedB. fllwC. changeD. lad
32. A. callB. jinC. leaveD. serve
33. A. unnecessaryB. unexpectedC. unavidableD. uneventful
34. A. returnedB. fughtC. flewD. agreed
35. A. thankfulB. generusC. prudD. sympathetic
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B
31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilts N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. cnnectin联系。根据“They culd nt affrd t pay fr ___2___ fr their dg, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. fd食物；B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transprtatin交通。根据“They had t mve t Virginia but they were n a very tight ___1___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地；B. temprarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. riginally起初。根据“wanted t take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. prved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. shwed展示。根据“I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. ffered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see ff为……送行；B. lk fr寻找；C. hand ver移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was t d was fly t Tpeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. cnfused困惑的；B. nervus紧张的；C. annyed恼怒的；D. curius好奇的。根据“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___8___ fr him, having t leave his dg t a ___9___ and trust that everything wuld ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫Gerge试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. cmmn常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying t be calm”以及下文“having t leave his dg t a ___9___ and trust that everything wuld ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫Gerge试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. cwrker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbr邻居。根据“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___8___ fr him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫Gerge试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. wrk ut解决；C. cme back回来；D. take ff起飞。根据“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was ___8___ fr him,”可知，让狗的主人Gerge相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让Gerge和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. fllw跟随；C. change改变；D. lad装载。lad int装入。根据“Tiffy int the plane.”可知，作者让Gerge和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. jin加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as sn as we gt t Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的Gerge那里。 A. returned返回；B. fught打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen, wh ___5___ t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generus慷慨的；C. prud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，Gerge非常感激。故选A。
Clze 3
【2023年浙江1月卷】The sun was beginning t sink as I set ff int the Harenna Frest. I was n my way t 41 a unique hney harvest. Here, in suth-east Ethipia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them t get the hney is difficult—and ften 43 .
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparatins. He 45 handfuls f damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch t create a trch(火把). Then, with ne end f a rpe tied t his waist and the ther end arund the trunk f a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stpped every few minutes t mve the 48 higher up the tree trunk.
49 , Ziyad gt clse t the hive which was arund 20 metres abve the grund. Sitting n a branch, he 50 twards it and blew smke frm his trch int a tiny hle in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let ut a sharp cry. Within secnds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back n the grund.
It was t 52 t cllect the hney. A cl summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped frm the tree. He had t wait fr the right 55 t g back up.
41．A．shareB．cllectC．celebrateD．witness
42．A．curtyardsB．fieldsC．treetpsD．caves
43．A．urgentB．dangerusC．expensiveD．pintless
44．A．searchedB．recgnisedC．fllwedD．invited
45．A．gatheredB．cleanedC．drppedD．checked
46．A．shkB．litC．measuredD．decrated
47．A．jumpingB．talkingC．testingD．climbing
48．A．hivesB．leavesC．rpeD．hney
49．A．FinallyB．SurprisinglyC．NaturallyD．Immediately
50．A．backedB．divedC．shutedD．inched
51．A．cut ffB．gne upC．slid dwnD．held nt
52．A．highB．earlyC．fastD．clse
53．A．hatchingB．trainingC．swingD．trading
54．A．curiusB．hungryC．bredD．angry
55．A．mmentB．equipmentC．persnD．rder
【答案】41．D 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. cllect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____4____ beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. curtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetps树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerus危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pintless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____14____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped frm the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recgnised认出；C. fllwed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was n my way t ____1____ a unique hney harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. drpped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls f damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shk摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decrated装饰。根据后文“t create a trch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；C. rpe绳索；D. hney蜂蜜。根据“Then, with ne end f a rpe tied t his waist and the ther end arund the trunk f a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stpped every few minutes t mve the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shuted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them t get the hney is difficult—and ften ____3____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut ff切除；B. gne up上升；C. slid dwn滑下；D. held nt抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad gt clse t the hive which was arund 20 metres abve the grund.”和后文“was back n the grund”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；D. clse亲近的。根据下文“A cl summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. swing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A. curius好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bred无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped frm the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. mment时刻；B. equipment设备；C. persn个人；D. rder点餐；命令。根据上文“A cl summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the hneycmbs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。
Clze 4
【2023年全国乙卷】T becme the Olympic champin in the individual (个人) all-arund event, Gabby Duglas had t leave everything she ____21____ best. She had t ___22___ her bedrm in Virginia. She had t say ____23____ t her tw dgs and t the beach, where she lved t ____24____ waves n her bard. But it was ____25____ t take the leap (飞跃), hwever ____26____ it wuld be. Even at 14, Duglas knew that. S she ____27____ abut 1,200 miles away frm hme, t ____28____ with a cach frm China. She lived with a family she had never ____29____ and everything was new t her.
As it turned ut Duglas did ____30____ what she needed t d t becme Olympic champin when she ____31____tw Russians. The Chinese cach ____32____ Duglas int ne f the best gymnasts in the ____33____, helping her skyrcket frm an ____34____ member f the natinal team t the tp f the sprt. By ____35____ the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s. She ____36____ the cmpetitin frm beginning t end. She said she had felt ____37____ all alng that she wuld win.
Nt s lng ag, Martha Karly the crdinatr (联络人) f the wmen’s natinal team, did nt think Duglas had what it ____38____ t be an Olympian. As time went by, she thught ____39____ that she culd make the Lndn Games-and win.
“I’m ging t inspire s many peple,” she said. “I’m ready t ____40____.” And shine she did.
21. A. triedB. thughtC. judgedD. knew
22. A. take upB. pack upC. clean upD. d up
23. A. gdbyeB. hellC. thanksD. n
24. A. causeB. bserveC. rideD. strike
25. A. cmmnB. timeC. funD. tugh
26. A. breathtakingB. heartbreakingC. eye-catchingD. head-spinning
27. A. drpped utB. mved nC. pulled verD. went ff
28. A. reasnB. talkC. cmpeteD. train
29. A. metB. helpedC. understdD. needed
30. A. apprximatelyB. graduallyC. exactlyD. pssibly
31. A. defeatedB. pleasedC. respectedD. assisted
32. A. frcedB. transfrmedC. persuadedD. put
33. A. wrldB. cityC. teamD. state
34. A. amateurB. electedC. averageD. enthusiastic
35. A. clarifyingB. defendingC. winningD. demanding
36. A. fllwedB. rganizedC. watchedD. led
37. A. cnfidentB. nervusC. excitedD. uneasy
38. A. viewedB. appearedC. matteredD. tk
39. A. nw and thenB. mre and mreC. far and wideD. n and n
40. A. shineB. flyC. danceD. scre
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C
31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员Gabby Duglas为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1200英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训练下，Duglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Duglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A. tried尝试；B. thught思考；C. judged判断；D. knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“T becme the Olympic champin in the individual (个人) all-arund event, Gabby Duglas had t leave everything”和下文“1,200 miles away frm hme”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Duglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；B. pack up整理；收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. d up装修。由上文“Gabby Duglas had t leave everything”和下文“her bedrm in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. gdbye再见；B. hell你好；C. thanks感谢；D. n没有；否定的回答。由上“Gabby Duglas had t leave everything”可知，Gabby Duglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause引起；B. bserve观察；C. ride骑；漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves n her bard.”可知，此处表示冲浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A. cmmn平民；普通；B. time时间；C. fun乐趣；D. tugh暴徒。由下文“t take the leap (飞跃)”可知，虽然离开自己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人伤心。A. breathtaking激动人心的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；令人伤心的；C. eye-catching引人注目的；D. head-spinning头晕的。上文提到的Gabby Duglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. drpped ut退出；B. mved n继续。C. pulled ver靠边停车；D. went ff离开。由下文“abut 1,200 miles away frm hme,”可知，Gabby Duglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reasn推理；B. talk谈话；C. cmpete竞争；D. train培训。由上文“T becme the Olympic champin in the individual (个人) all-arund event”和下文“with a cach frm China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Duglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met遇到；见过；B. helped帮助；C. understd理解；D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new t her.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Duglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. apprximately大约；B.gradually逐渐地；C. exactly准确地；完全；D. pssibly可能地。由下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s”可知，Gabby Duglas获得了奥运会全能冠军，由此可知，Gabby Duglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Duglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. defeated打败；B. pleased使高兴；C. respected尊敬；D. assisted帮助。由上文“what she needed t d t becme Olympic champin”和下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s”可知，Duglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Duglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. frced强迫；B. transfrmed转换；改造；彻底改变；C. persuaded劝说；D. put放。由下文“Duglas int ne f the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Duglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Duglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. wrld世界；B. city城市；C. team团队；D. state国家。由下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s”可知，Duglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Duglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A. amateury业余爱好的；B. elected当选的；C. average平均的；普通的；D. enthusiastic热情的。由下文“member f the natinal team t the tp f the sprt”可知，这位中国教练帮助Duglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying分类；B. defending打败；C. winning赢得；D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s.”可知，Duglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. fllwed跟随；B. rganized组织；C. watched观看；D. led带领；领先。由下文“the cmpetitin frm beginning t end”可知，比赛过程中，Duglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. cnfident自信的；坚信的；B. nervus紧张的；C. excited兴奋的；D. uneasy不安的。由下文“all alng that she wuld win.”可知，Duglas一直坚信自己会赢，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karly还认为Duglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出现；C. mattered重要；D. tk需要。由下文“t be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karly还认为Duglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。A. nw and then时不时地；B. mre and mre越来越多；C. far and wide广泛地；D. n and n不断地。由上文“As time went by”和下文“that she culd make the Lndn Games-and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，Duglas越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀；发光；B. fly飞行；C. dance跳舞；D. scre得分。由上文“I’m ging t inspire s many peple”和“And shine she did.”可知，Duglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。
Clze 5
【2023年全国甲卷】Many years ag, I bught a huse in the Garfagnana, where we still g every summer. The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug f a mtrbike ___22___ its way dwn the hill tward us. It was ___23___ called Mari, cming t ___24___ us a bx cntaining sme trmates and a bttle f wine. It was a very nice ___25___ fr him t make. But when we lked at the tmates, we were ___26___ because they were s misshapen: nt at all like the nice, rund, ___27___ things yu get in a supermarket. And the wine was cludy, in a funny ld bttle with n label (标签) n it. These can’t be any ___28___, we thught. But we were ___29___ his kindness, s we ___30___ them.
What we discvered is that it’s ___31___ t judge what yu eat nly by its ___32___. Thse tmates had ___33___ that reminded me f the nes my uncle used t grw when I was a child. Nwadays supermarket tmates ___34___ perfect but taste f water. Nbdy’s ging t have a ___35___ memry f thse. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed t grw square nes s that they can ___36___ them easily. Mari’s wine may have been cludy and cme ut f an ld bttle, but it was ___37___.
It’s gd t eat things at the crrect time, when they’re ___38___, and as clse as pssible t where they were ___39___. What Mari had ___40___ us was the taste f the Garfagnana.
21. A. waitedB. metC. campedD. stayed
22. A. makingB. searchingC. squeezingD. feeling
23. A. custmerB. neighbrC. relativeD. passenger
24. A. lendB. sendC. bringD. shw
25. A. chiceB. cmmentC. prmiseD. gesture
26. A. wrriedB. mvedC. thrilledD. bred
27. A. simpleB. realC. shinyD. fun
28. A. mreB. gdC. newD. easy
29. A. sympathetic tB. thankful frC. cautius abutD. interested in
30. A. triedB. sldC. returnedD. mixed
31. A. unnecessaryB. uncertainC. unwiseD. unusual
32. A. appearanceB. qualityC. riginD. price
33. A. sizeB. shapeC. clrD. taste
34. A. smellB. lkC. becmeD. wrk
35 A. happyB. vividC. shrtD. vague
36. A. cleanB. checkC. cuntD. pack
37. A. perfectB. usefulC. cnvenientD. familiar
38. A. n viewB. n saleC. in seasnD. in need
39. A. finishedB. stredC. fundD. grwn
40. A. ckedB. givenC. bughtD. tld
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A
31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待；B. met遇见；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ag, I bught a huse in the Garfagnana, where we still g every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make ne’s way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. custmer顾客；B. neighbr邻居；C. relative亲戚；D. passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug f a mtrbike 2 its way dwn the hill tward us.”以及最后一句“What Mari had 20 us was the taste f the Garfagnana”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. shw展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 5 fr him t make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. chice选择；B. cmment议论；C. prmise诺言；D. gesture姿态。根据前文“cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine.”可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们事非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. wrried担心的；B. mved感动的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. bred.感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were s misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. simple简单的；B. real真实的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“nt at all like the nice, rund”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前文的“nice, rund”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A. mre更多的；B. gd好的；C. new新的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“But when we lked at the tmates, we were 6 because they were s misshapen: nt at all like the nice, rund, 7 things yu get in a supermarket. And the wine was cludy, in a funny ld bttle with n label (标签) n it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic t同情；B. thankful fr对……表示感谢；C. cautius abut谨慎对待；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was 3 called Mari, cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试；B. sld出售；C. returned回来；D. mixed混合。根据后文“Thse tmates had 13 that reminded me f the nes my uncle used t grw when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. unnecessary不需要的；B. uncertain无把握；C. unwise不明智的；D. unusual特别的。结合前后文，可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. appearance外观；B. quality质量；C. rigin源头；D. price价格。根据前文“we were 6 because they were s misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size尺寸；B. shape形状；C. clr颜色；D. taste味道。根据后文“Nwadays supermarket tmates 14 perfect but taste f water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. lk看起来；C. becme变成；D. wrk工作。根据前文“nt at all like the nice, rund, 7 things yu get in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的；B. vivid清晰的；C. shrt短的；D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nwadays supermarket tmates 14 perfect but taste f water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. cunt计数；D. pack包装。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed t grw square nes”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. useful有用的；C. cnvenient便利的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mari’s wine may have been cludy and cme ut f an ld bttle”以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是当令的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. n view在展出；B. n sale出售；C. in seasn当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s gd t eat things at the crrect time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是当令的时候。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. stred贮存；C. fund找到；D. grwn成长。根据前文“It’s gd t eat things”以及“as clse as pssible t where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cked烹饪；B. given给；C. bught买；D. tld告诉。根据前文“It was 3 called Mari, cming t 4 us a bx
2022年完形填空记叙文
Clze 1
【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.
Sme f ur ___21___ are funny, especially frm the early years when ur children were little. Once, we ___22___ alng Chalk Creek. I was ___23___ that ur 15-mnth-ld by wuld fall int the creek (小溪). I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt. That lasted abut ten minutes. He was ___24___, and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it. S ___25___ tying him up, I just kept a clse eye n him. It ___26___ — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-ld, hwever, did.
Anther time, we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake. The sky was clear when we ___27___, but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly ___28___ ur peaceful mrning trip. The ___29___ picked up and thunder rlled. My husband stpped fishing t ____30____ the mtr. Nthing. He tried again. N ____31____. We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr. As we all sat there ____32____, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rpe and twed (拖) us back. We were ____33____.
Nw, every year when my husband pulls ur camper ut f the garage, we are filled with a sense f ____34____, wndering what camping fun and ____35____ we will experience next.
21. A. ideasB. jkesC. memriesD. discveries
22. A. campedB. drveC. walkedD. cycled
23. A. annyedB. surprisedC. disappintedD. wrried
24. A. unhurtB. unfrtunateC. uncmfrtableD. unafraid
25. A. due tB. instead fC. apart frmD. as fr
26. A. wrkedB. happenedC. matteredD. changed
27. A. signed upB. calmed dwnC. checked utD. headed ff
28. A. arrangedB. interruptedC. cmpletedD. recrded
29. A. windB. niseC. temperatureD. speed
30. A. findB. hideC. startD. fix
31. A. luckB. answerC. wnderD. signal
32. A. patientlyB. tirelesslyC. dubtfullyD. helplessly
33. A. srryB. braveC. safeD. right
34. A. reliefB. dutyC. prideD. excitement
35. A. failureB. adventureC. perfrmanceD. cnflict
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas想法；B. jkes笑话；C. memries记忆；D. discveries发现。根据上文“have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years”以及下文“especially frm the early years when ur children were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drve开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annyed恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappinted失望的；D. wrried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfrtunate不幸的；C. uncmfrtable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt.”以及下文“his crying let the whle campgrund knw it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due t由于；B. instead f代替、而不是；C. apart frm除了；D. as fr至于。根据上文“He was uncmfrtable, and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it.”以及下文“I just kept a clse eye n him”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. wrked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册、报名；B. calmed dwn冷静下来；C. checked ut退房、结账离开；D. headed ff启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but strms mve in fast in the muntains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. cmpleted完成；D. recrded记录。根据上文“strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly”以及下文“ur peaceful mrning trips”可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. nise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“strms mve in fast in the muntains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nthing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wnder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. dubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. srry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rpe and twed us back”可推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wndering what camping fun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. perfrmance表现；D. cnflict冲突。根据上文“Nw, every year when my husband pulls ur camper ut f the garage, we are filled with a sense f excitement, wndering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。
Clze 2
【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Like many yung peple, Jessica wants t travel the glbe. Unlike mst f them, this 25-year-ld is ding it ___21___ . She and her husband have spent the last tw years traveling the wrld, stpping everywhere frm Paris t Singapre. It might sund like ne lng, expensive ___22___ , but the cuple has an unusual way t make their travel ___23___ .
They’re part f a new frm f the ___24___ ecnmy: an nline grup f huse sitters. Thrughut their n-cst stays in ___25___ hmes, they feed pets and water plants in the hmewner’s ___26___ .
It’s nt all sightseeing. The tw travelers carefully ___27___ their trips, scheduling their days arund the pets that are smetimes difficult t ___28___ . But huse sitting als ffers a level f ___29___ they can’t find in a htel. “It’s like ____30____ at a friend’s huse,” Jessica says.
The cuple has a high ____31____ rate in getting accepted as huse sitters and they always g beynd the hmewner’s ____32____ . Fr Jessica, that means ____33____ plenty f pictures f happy pets, keeping the huse ____34____ and leaving a nice small gift befre heading t the next huse. “Yu want t make the hmewner feel that they made the right ____35____ ,” she says.
21. A. indrsB. nlineC. single-handedD. full-time
22. A. gameB. serviceC. vacatinD. prcedure
23. A. safeB. busyC. helpfulD. affrdable
24. A. lcalB. privateC. sharingD. agricultural
25. A. strangers’B. parents’C. c-wrkers’D. neighbrs’
26. A. favrB. defenseC. hnrD. absence
27. A. planB. explainC. cmpareD. cmplete
28. A. buyB. transprtC. chseD. please
29. A. supprtB. cmfrtC. cntrlD. attentin
30. A. ckingB. stayingC. waitingD. studying
31. A. successB. survivalC. grwthD. unemplyment
32. A. budgetB. abilitiesC. expectatinsD. understanding
33. A. admiringB. dnatingC. sendingD. brrwing
34 A. cleanB. penC. simpleD. empty
35. A. guessB. decisinC. respnseD. impressin
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B
31. A 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A. indrs室内；B. nline在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last tw years traveling the wrld, stpping everywhere frm Paris t Singapre. (在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacatin假期；D. prcedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affrdable买的起的。对应上文“It might sund like ne lng, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. lcal当地的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“ecnmy: an nline grup f huse sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. c-wrkers’同事的；D. neighbrs’邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favr帮助；B. defense防御；C. hnr荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the hmewner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. cmpare比较；D. cmplete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transprt运输；C. chse选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are smetimes difficult t”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. supprt支持；B. cmfrt舒适，安慰；C. cntrl控制；D. attentin注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s huse”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. grwth生长；D. unemplyment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as huse sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectatins期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. dnating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. brrwing借来。根据后文“plenty f pictures f happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. pen开放的；C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B. decisin决定；C. respnse反应；D. impressin印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。
Clze 3
【2022年北京卷】One Mnday mrning, while the children were enjying “free play”, I stepped t the drway f the classrm t take a break. Suddenly, I ____1____ a mvement f the heavy wden dr. This was the very dr I ____2____ guided the children thrugh t ensure their safety frm the bitter cld. I felt a chill (寒意) g thrugh my bdy.
My legs carried me t that dr, and I pushed it pen. It was ne f my kindergarteners wh I thught was ____3____ that day. He had been drpped ff at schl late and was ____4____ t pen the dr.
He must have been waiting there fr quite a while! Withut a wrd, I rushed him t the hspital. He was treated fr frstbite n his hands. He’d need time t ____5____ , and wuldn’t cme fr class the next day, I thught.
The next mrning, ne f the first t ____6____ was my little frstbitten by. Nt nly did he run in with energy, but his ____7____ culd be heard as lud as ever! I gave him a warm hug and tld him hw ____8____ I was t see him. His wrds have stayed with me all these years, “I knew yu wuld pen the dr.”
That cld Mnday mrning, he waited a lng, lng while fr adults t ____9____. T a child, every minute feels like frever. He didn’t attempt t walk back hme; he waited and trusted. This five-year-ld taught me a pwerful lessn in _____10_____ .
1. A. causedB. spttedC. checkedD. imagined
2. A. hesitantlyB. randmlyC. dizzilyD. carefully
3. A. angryB. absentC. specialD. nisy
4. A. curageusB. cntentC. unableD. unwilling
5. A. recverB. playC. changeD. wait
6. A. settleB. gatherC. arriveD. react
7. A. sneezeB. weepC. cmplaintD. laughter
8. A. luckyB. happyC. curiusD. nervus
9. A. shw upB. pull upC. hld upD. line up
10. A. gratitudeB. frgivenessC. faithD. kindness
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了，被关在了门外，小男孩推不开们，于是大冬天的在门外等了很久，直到老师不经意间发现门有动静，才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师会给他开门，这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。
1.【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下。A. caused引起、使发生；B. sptted看见、注意到；C. checked检查、核对；D. imagined想象。根据后面的“a mvement f the heavy wden dr.”可知，此处表示看到门动了下，spt符合语境。故选B项。
2.【解析】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是那扇我小心翼翼地领着孩子们穿过，以确保他们不受严寒侵袭的门。A. hesitantly迟疑地、踌躇地；B. randmly随机地；C. dizzily头晕眼花地；D. carefully小心地、谨慎地。根据后面的“t ensure their safety frm the bitter cld.”可知，要确保孩子们不受严寒侵袭，说明是小心翼翼地领着孩子们通过，carefully符合语境。故选D项。
3.【解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是我幼儿园的一个孩子，我以为他那天没来。A. angry生气的、愤怒的；B. absent缺席的、不在的；C. special特殊的、特别的；D. nisy嘈杂的、聒噪的。根据下文的“He had been drpped ff at schl late and was ____4____ t pen the dr.”可知，是小男孩来晚了，又开不了门，所以老师以为他没来，此处absent符合语境。故选B项
4.【解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很晚才被送到学校，打不开门。A. curageus勇敢的；B. cntent满足的、满意的；C. unable无法胜任的、不会的；D. unwilling不愿意的。根据上文的“the heavy wden dr.”和下文的“He must have been waiting there fr quite a while!”可知，门很重，小男孩打不开，所以才在门外等了很久，此处指“打不开门”，unable符合语境。故选C项
5.【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要时间恢复，我想他第二天不会来上课了。A. recver恢复、康复；B. play玩闹、戏弄；C. change改变；D. wait等待。根据前面的“He was treated fr frstbite n his hands.”可知，小男孩手冻伤了，所以需要时间恢复，此处recver符合语境。故选A项。
6.【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一。A. settle解决、定居；B. gather聚集、召集；C. arrive到达；D. react反应。根据下文“Nt nly did he run in with energy,”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明是来了学校，故此处指第一批到达学校的人，应用arrive。故选C项
7.【解析】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不仅精力充沛地跑了进来，而且他的笑声还像以前一样响亮！A. sneeze打喷嚏；B. weep哭泣；C. cmplaint抱怨；D. laughter笑声。根据前面的“Nt nly did he run in with energy”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明身体恢复好了，结合后面的“culd be heard as lud as ever”可知，此处应指“笑声和以前一样响亮”，laughter符合语境。故选D项
8.【解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给了他一个温暖的拥抱，告诉他我很高兴见到他。A. lucky幸运的；B. happy开心的、幸福的；C. curius好奇的；D. nervus紧张的、担忧的。根据上文“He’d need time t ____5____ , and wuldn’t cme fr class the next day, I thught.”可知，作者以为小男孩不会来学校，所以看到小男孩的时候，应该是开心的，happy符合语境。故选B项
9.【解析】
考查短语辨析。句意：在那个寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出现。A. shw up露面，出现；B. pull up拔起、停下来；C. hld up举起、阻挡；D. line up排队。根据上下文语义可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，才等到大人出现给他开门，此处用shw up符合语境。故选A项
10.【解析】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个五岁的孩子给我上了一堂关于信念的有力的课。A. gratitude感激；B. frgiveness宽恕；C. faith信任、信念；D. kindness善良、仁慈。根据前面“He didn’t attempt t walk back hme; he waited and trusted.”可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，却没有试图回家，说明小男孩有很强的的信念，故此处指老师从小男孩身上学到了一些关于信念的东西，此处指“关于信念的课”，faith符合语境。故选C项
Clze 4
【2022年全国甲卷】Yu can tell a lt abut a man by hw he treats his dgs.
Fr many years, I enjyed living with my dgs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___21___ was nearly enugh t keep my lneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___22___ . When I first dated Steve, I ___23___ he had a dg, Mlly, and a cat, Flra. While I was ___24___ that he was an animal lver, I ___25___ that three dgs were perhaps t many, and my dgs might attack ___26___ , the cat.
The next week we ___27___ ur dgs tgether. It was a ht day. When we paused t catch ur ___28___ , Steve gt dwn n ne knee. Was he prpsing (求婚)? I liked him t, but s ___29___ ? He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs. _____30_____ , I began t fall fr him.
We _____31_____ t date, thugh neither f us brught up the future. And then in late Nvember, Tilly had an peratin n her _____32_____ . I tk the dgs ut fur times a day, and I wrried that Tilly _____33_____ climbing the stairs culd repen the wund. Then Steve _____34_____ his huse. All wrked _____35_____ . The three dgs frmed a pack that, with caching, _____36_____ Flra’s space; Steve and I frmed a gd team _____37_____ fr Tilly. We made gd husemates.
A year later, much t my _____38_____ , this man prduced a little bx with a ring and prpsed t me. He did nt kneel (跪) dwn, nr did I _____39_____ him t. That’s nly fr giving _____40_____ t the dgs that brught us tgether.
21. A. wnershipB. membershipC. cmpaninshipD. leadership
22. A. reservatinsB. expectatinsC. cnfidenceD. prejudice
23. A. fearedB. dubtedC. hpedD. learned
24. A. unsatisfiedB. amusedC. terrifiedD. thrilled
25. A. predictedB. wrriedC. regrettedD. insisted
26. A. FlraB. ChanceC. MllyD. Tilly
27. A. tiedB. walkedC. bathedD. fed
28. A. breathB. balanceC. attentinD. imaginatin
29. A. calmB. sureC. snD. real
30. A. By the wayB. In that caseC. By all meansD. In that mment
31. A. cntinuedB. decidedC. intendedD. pretended
32. A. eyeB. tailC. earD. leg
33. A. secretlyB. cnstantlyC. eventuallyD. unwillingly
34. A. leftB. sldC. suggestedD. searched
35. A. lateB. hardC. fineD. free
36. A. emptiedB. respectedC. ccupiedD. discvered
37. A. lkingB. caringC. waitingD. calling
38. A. delightB. creditC. interestD. disadvantage
39. A. begB. trustC. needD. aid
40. A. tysB. awardsC. fdD. water
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D
31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多，作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. wnership所有权；B. membership会员；C. cmpaninship陪伴；D. leadership领导。由上文的“Fr many years, I enjyed living with my dgs, Tilly and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservatins保留；B. expectatins期望；C. cnfidence信心；D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和“I began t fall fr him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚开始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Mlly的狗和一只名叫Flra的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. dubted怀疑；C. hped希望；D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只猫。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flra。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled刺激的。由下文的“he was an animal lver (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flra。A. predicted预测；B. wrried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。由下文的“three dgs were perhaps t many, and my dgs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是担忧的。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flra。A. Flra弗洛拉；B. Chance机会；C. Mlly莫莉；D. Tilly蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。由上文的“he had a dg, Mlly, and a car, Flra (他有一条名叫Mlly的狗和一只名叫Flra的猫)”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flra。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走；C. bathed沐浴；D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 7 ur dgs tgether (一起……我们的狗)”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B. balance平衡；C. attentin注意力；D. imaginatin想象。由上文的“It was a ht day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch ne’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。 故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm冷静的；B. sure确定的；C. sn很快的；D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he prpsing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知，二人才认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快了。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句；B. In that case那样的话；C. By all means务必；D. In that mment那一刻。由上文的“He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began t fall fr him (我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. cntinued继续；B. decided决定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。由上文的“I began t fall fr him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴；C. ear耳朵；D. leg腿。由下文的“I wrried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs culd repen the wund (我担心Tilly爬楼梯会重新打开伤口)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly的伤口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会重新打开伤口。A. secretly秘密地；B. cnstantly不断地；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I tk the dgs ut fur times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不断地爬楼梯。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开；B. sld卖；C. suggested建议；D. searched搜寻。由下文的“We made gd husemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，二人成为室友，可得出史蒂夫离开了他的房子，和作者一起居住。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困难的；C. fine好的；D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dgs frmed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I frmed a gd team (史蒂夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made gd husemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作者和史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flra的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. ccupied占据；D. discvered发现。由上文的“my dgs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dgs frmed a pack that, with caching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flra，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可知，此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flra的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. lking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。由上文的“Tilly had an peratin (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B项。
38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高兴；B. credit信用；C. interest兴趣；D. disadvantage缺点。由下文的“this man prduced a little bx with a ring and prpsed t me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，作者应该是感到高兴。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D. aid帮助。由上文的“He did nt kneel (跪) dwn (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. tys玩具；B. awards奖励；C. fd食物；D. water水。由上文的“He pured water frm a bttle int his hand and ffered it t my dgs. 10 , I began t fall fr him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让二人走到了一起。故选D项。
Clze 5
【2022年浙江卷1月】When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy fur last year, she started having prblems with her 16 ,ntably dryness and discmfrt.
"I was simply 17 a terrible experience, ” Ms. Burdeyney said at her hme in Trnt. *'I felt s helpless and insecure because the quality f my 18 was affected."
Ms. Burdeyney talked t sme friends wh had 19 prblems and discvered that they were largely suffering in 20 ." Nbdy chses t talk abut it because it seems s 21 she said." But mre and mre are suffering and lives are being 22 .
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned abut plans fr an eye research, 23 at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team 24 Canadian dctr Allan Slmvic, wh has dne 24 wrk n eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray f hpe, Ms. Burdeyney began raising 26 fr the prject with a friend, Trnt businessman Meyer Zeifman. 27 she has raised $ 110, 000 with anther $40, 000 28 .
”I’m trying t get mre and mre peple t29 that there are slutins （解决办法）said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse wh is still wrking as a persnal trainer after 30 . "I say there is n ld 31, there's nly neglect （忽视）.Dn't stand 32 , d smething abut it."
Ms. Burdeyney 33 that she is hping t d mre fr the research prject. *'I just want t bring 34 int peple eyes and this is just the 35 5. There is still a lng way t g"
B.skinC.lungs D.eyes
verB.ging thrughC.hlding nD.passing dwn
B.treatmentC.lifeD.relatinship
B.variusC.persnalD.special
B.peaceC.vainD.silence
B.abnrmalC.insignificantD.disturbing
B.frgttenC.substitutedD.separated
B.prgramC.paperD.cnference
B.dubtedC.includedD.dismissed
B.cntrversialC.vluntaryD.grund-breaking
B.standardsC.awarenessD.questins
everB.S farC.In returnD.Once again
B.dnatedC.expectedD.earned
B.cnfirmC.rememberD.understand
B.childbirthC.graduatinD.marriage
B.ruleC.ageD.tale
32. A.straightB.stillC.firm D.alne
33. A.cmmentedB.learnedC.remindedD.added
34. A.lightB.jyC.clrD.beauty
35. A.futureB.beginningC.truthD.meaning
【答案】16.D 17. B18. C19. A20. D21. C22. A23. B24. C 25. D
26A 27. B 28. C 29. D30. A31.C32. B33. D34. A35. B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个遭受眼睛问题之苦的Burdeyney女士积极为研宄项目提供帮助以寻求 解决方法的故事。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始有眼睛问题，明显的干涩和不适。A. thrat喉咙；B. skin皮肤；C. lungs 肺；D. eyes 眼睛。根据第八空前面的句子 “Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned abut plans fr an eye research” （最终Burdeyney女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划）可知，她有眼睛问题，故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我只是在经历一段糟糕的体验。A. get ver克服；B. g thrugh经历；C. hld n坚持；D. pass dwn传递下去。根据语境可知，她遭受眼睛问题，这是一段糟糕的经历，故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到如此无助和不安，因为我的生活质量受到了影响 A. stry故事；B. treatment 治疗，对待；C. life生命，生活；D. relatinship关系。主人公遭受眼部之苦，生活质量自然会被影响，故选 C项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默默 地受苦。A. similar相似的；B. varius多种多样的；C. persnal私人的；D. special特别的。跟与自己有相同 问题的人交谈并发现问题，符合语境逻辑，故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney女士同跟她有相似问题的朋友交谈并发现他们中的大多数都在默 默地受苦。A. in turn轮流;B. in peace和平地;C. in vain徒劳地;D. in silence默默地。根据后句“Nbdy chses t talk abut it"（没有人想谈论它）可知，他们很多人保持了沉默，故选D项。
【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她说没有人选择谈论它因为这看起来没有意义。A. unbearable无法忍受的；B.abnrmal不正常的；C. insignificant无意义的；D. disturbing扰人的。他们闭口不提的原因很可能是因为无意义，其他三个选项不符合一般逻辑，故选c项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是越来越多的人在受苦，生命陷入危险。A. cmprmise使陷入危险、妥协；
B. frget遗忘；C. substitute替代、代替；D. separate分隔。越来越多的人在遭受眼睛问题带来的痛苦，这属 于健康问题，威胁生命，故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:最终Burdeyney女士了解了一项眼睛研究计划，这是在以色列特拉维夫大学的一 个项目。A. curse课程；B. prgram项目；C. paper纸、论文；D. cnference会议。一项研究通常也被称为 一个项目，故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个研宄团队包括了一位加拿大博士 Allan Slmvic,其已经用干细胞就眼睛护 理问题做了开创性的工作。A. infrm通知；B. dubt怀疑；C. include包括；D. dismiss解散。根据语境可知， 这位专家在这个团队中，故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个研宄团队包括了一位加拿大博士 Allan Slmvic,其已经用干细胞就眼睛 护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. part-time兼职的;B. cntrversial有争议的；C. vluntary自愿的;D. grund-breaking开创性的。根据后句uSeeing a ray d hpe（看到了一丝希望）可知，他是带来希望的人， 是最先做的，他的工作具有开创性，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到了一丝希望，Burdeyney女士开始和朋友多伦多商人Meryer 一起为这个项 目筹集资金。A. mney钱；B. standards标准；C. awareness意识；D. questins问题。根据后文他们筹集了 111000美金可知此处指“筹集资金”，故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：截至目前，他们己经筹集了 111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. as ever依 旧、和往常一样；B. s far目前；C. in return作为回报；D. nce again再一次。根据本句的现在完成时态， 应选择s far,他们己经筹集了 1110⑻美金，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:截至目前，他们己经筹集了 111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. waste浪费; B. dnate捐赠；C. expect期待、预期；D. earn赢得。根据语境目前已经筹集了一笔钱，预期未来还有部分 金额，故选C项。
【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney说，“我正在努力让越来越多的人明白有解决办法”。A. imagine想象；B.cnfirm确认；C. remember记得；D. understand理解。结合前文很多人默默地受苦是因为看不到希望，所 以要让他们理解办法是有的，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位受过专业培训的护士在退休之后仍然作为私人培训师在工作。A. retirement 退休;B. childbirth出生;C. graduatin毕业；D. marriage婚姻。根据still wrk可知，她本可以不工作了可 知，她已经退休了，故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为没有老的年纪，只有忽视。A.time时间；B.rule规则；C.age年龄；D.tale 传说。本文主要谈论的是上了年龄的人的眼睛问题，故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要呆着保持不动，做点什么事情。A. straight直的；B. still静止的；C. firm 坚定的；D. alne单独。此处的stand意为“处于某种状态”后跟形容词作表语，呼吁人们采取行动，不要 什么都不做，故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney补充说她希望为这个项目做得更多。A. cmment评论；B. learn学习；
C.remind提醒；D. add补充说。前句为她说的话，后面又继续说，即为补充说，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明，这只是一个开始。A. light光明；B. jy乐趣； C. clr颜色；D. beauty美。根据常识，眼睛是人们识别光的器官，此处一语双关，只看到的光，也指希望， 故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想给人们的眼睛带来光明，这只是一个开始。A. future未来；B. beginning 开始；C. truth事实；D. meaning意义。根据后句“There is still a lng way t gw （根据后句话有很长的路要 走。）可知，只是开始，故选B项。
Clze 6
【2022年天津卷第二次】When I was in sixth grade, I jined the band prgram t learn t play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning f the year had gne ____16____. But as mst students prgressed, I seemed t fall behind. One day, when my teacher tld us t play in frnt f the ther students, I was filled with fear. I knew I wuld ____17____. When I began t play, my rhythms (节奏) were gd, but my tne was anther ____18____. “Did yu practice yur lessn?” the teacher barked at me. I felt s ____19____ and my wrld came ____20____ dwn in an instant.
Frm then n, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting ____21____. With the day f the new perfrmance appraching, I grew increasingly upset. In a mment f ____22____, I asked fr sick leave. It was s relieving and such a(n) ____23____ way ut.
The avidance f my lessns cntinued until my mum asked me abut it. “I want t quit.” My tears started ____24____. “If yu really want t quit, why are yu crying?” asked mum. She _____25_____ and I realized I wanted t stay in band and, by nt facing my fears, I had created a black hle that wuld be difficult t _____26_____ ut f. I made a _____27_____ nt t hide frm my fears and t stand up t even the wrst f them, s a _____28_____ culd be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and tld her I was having a prblem and culdn’t _____29_____ why. She asked me gently t play fr her. I tried, but nly an unpleasant sund came ut. She didn’t _____30_____ at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. T my great _____31_____ I culd play well. My prblem was slved and my fear was _____32_____ a lt that year.
_____33_____ I’m glad that I vercame my fear. Fear can _____34_____ everything in a persn’s life. Hiding frm thse very fears nly creates a hle, which makes a persn stay _____35_____ inside. After facing up t a fear, ne may find life easier and much mre enjyable.
16. A. badlyB. endlesslyC. randmlyD. smthly
17. A. mess upB. mve nC. set utD. take ff
18. A. impressinB. essayC. stryD. factr
19. A. ashamedB. starvedC. excitedD. relaxed
20. A. crashingB. mvingC. sellingD. bending
21. A. stricterB. wrseC. happierD. smarter
22. A. jyB. panicC. dubtD. sympathy
23. A. funnyB. imprtantC. easyD. traditinal
24. A. dryingB. disappearingC. flwingD. separating
25. A. had a pintB. made a changeC. reached a levelD. tk a break
26. A. sendB. bringC. pickD. climb
27. A. requestB. reslutinC. presentatinD. prpsal
28. A. balanceB. degreeC. psitinD. slutin
29. A. figure utB. give awayC. think verD. make up
30. A. aimB. smileC. waveD. shut
31. A. angerB. srrwC. disappintmentD. surprise
32. A. feltB. shwnC. remvedD. viced
33. A. Carrying nB. Lking backC. Stepping asideD. Turning arund
34. A. cnsumeB. examineC. reflectD. rescue
35. A. unknwnB. unpunishedC. interestedD. trapped
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A
26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为自己单簧管演奏得不好，感到很沮丧，决定逃避，在妈妈的启发下，作者决定面对恐惧，找到老师寻求帮助，最终解决了问题，也战胜了自己的恐惧。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：年初进展顺利。A. badly严重地；B. endlessly无穷地；C. randmly随机地；D. smthly顺利地。根据下文“But as mst students prgressed, I seemed t fall behind.”可知，上下文为转折关系，年初进展顺利，但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up搞砸；B. mve n继续前进；C. set ut动身，出发；D. take ff起飞。根据上文“I seemed t fall behind”可知，我似乎落后于其他同学，由此可知，我认为自己演奏的不好，会搞砸的。故选A项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。A. impressin印象；B. essay散文；C. stry故事，情节；D. factr因素。根据上文“I seemed t fall behind”可知，我演奏的不好，虽然节奏很好，但演奏不在调上，音调是另一回事，“my tne was anther stry”用来描述演奏不在调上。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. starved饥饿的；C. excited兴奋的；D. relaxed放松的。根据上文“Did yu practice yur lessn?”可知，老师质疑我的演奏，怀疑我没有练习，由此可知，我为此感到羞愧。故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. crashing崩溃；B. mving移动；C. selling出售；D. bending弯曲。根据上文“Did yu practice yur lessn?”可知，老师质疑我的演奏，怀疑我没有练习，由此可知，我感到很羞愧，感觉世界瞬间崩溃了。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且越来越糟糕。A. stricter更严格的；B. wrse更糟的；C. happier更快乐的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据下文“I grew increasingly upset”可知，我感到越来越沮丧，由此可知，我的状态越来越糟糕。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. jy喜悦；B. panic恐慌；C. dubt疑惑；D. sympathy同情。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”和“With the day f the new perfrmance appraching, I grew increasingly upset.”可知，我讨厌吹单簧管，我感到越来越沮丧，由此可知，因为对即将到来的表演感到恐慌，所以我请了病假。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种解脱和容易的方式。A. funny有趣的；B. imprtant重要的；C. easy容易的；D. traditinal传统的。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”可知，我讨厌吹单簧管，由此可知，我请了病假，这是一种让我解脱的容易的方式，我可以不再面对单簧管表演。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想退出。”我的眼泪开始流下来。A. drying使变干；B. disappearing消失；C. flwing流动；D. separating使分开。根据下文“why are yu crying”可知，我哭了，由此可知，我的眼泪流了下来。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a pint有道理；B. made a change做出改变；C. reached a level达到一定水平；D. tk a break休息一下。根据句中“I realized I wanted t stay in band and”可知，我意识到我想留在乐队里，由此可知，我认为妈妈的话“If yu really want t quit, why are yu crying?(如果你真的想退出，为什么要哭？)”说得很有道理，如果我真想退出，就不会哭。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. send发送；B. bring带来；C. pick挑选；D. climb爬。根据句中“created a black hle”可知，我无法面对我的恐惧，就像给自己创造了一个黑洞，很难爬出来。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也要与之对抗，这样才能找到解决办法。A. request请求；B. reslutin正式决定，决心；C. presentatin演示；D. prpsal提议。根据句中“stand up t even the wrst f them”可知，我决定与恐惧对抗，由此可知，我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也要与之对抗，这样才能找到解决办法。A. balance平衡；B. degree程度，度数；C. psitin位置；D. slutin解决办法。根据句中“stand up t even the wrst f them”可知，我决定与恐惧对抗，是为了找到解决问题的办法。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第二天，我见到了我的乐队老师，告诉她我有一个问题，不理解为什么会这样。A. figure ut理解，想出；B. give away赠送；C. think ver仔细考虑；D. make up编造。根据句中“The next day I met with my band teacher and tld her I was having a prblem”可知，我把问题告诉老师，由此可知，我不理解为什么会这样，所以才请教老师。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有冲我大喊大叫，递给我一个新簧片。A. aim目的是；B. smile微笑；C. wave挥手；D. shut喊叫。根据句中“She asked me gently t play fr her.”可知，老师温柔地让我为她演奏，由此可知，她愿意帮助我解决问题，得知我的问题后，没有冲我大喊大叫。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我非常惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger愤怒；B. srrw悲伤；C. disappintment失望；D. surprise惊讶。根据句中“I culd play well”可知，我之前一直演奏不好，突然能演奏得很好，这令我感到惊讶。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我的问题解决了，我的恐惧消除了很多。A. felt感觉到；B. shwn展示；C. remved去除，使消失；D. viced表达，吐露。根据句中“My prblem was slved”可知，我的问题解决了，由此可知，我的恐惧消除了很多，不再那么害怕演奏了。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：回首往事，我很高兴我克服了恐惧。A. Carrying n继续；B. Lking back回顾，回首往事；C. Stepping aside下台，让位；D. Turning arund转身，调转方向。根据句中“I vercame my fear”可知，我克服了恐惧是发生在过去的事，由此可知，句中指回首往事，我很高兴我克服了恐惧。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会消耗一个人生活中的一切。A. cnsume消耗；B. examine检查；C. reflect反映；D. rescue营救。根据上文“by nt facing my fears, I had created a black hle that wuld be difficult t _____ ut f”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我陷入困境，无法面对生活，由此可知，恐惧会消耗一个人生活中的一切。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：躲避这些恐惧只会造成一个洞，让人困在里面。A. unknwn未知的；B. unpunished未受惩罚的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. trapped受困的。根据上文“by nt facing my fears, I had created a black hle that wuld be difficult t _____ ut f”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞，由此可知，躲避恐惧只会造成一个洞，人被困在里面。故选D项。
Clze 7
【2022年全国乙卷】Yung children acrss the glbe enjy playing games f hide and seek. Fr them, there’s smething highly exciting abut ___21___ smene else’s glance and making neself unable t be seen.
Hwever, we all witness that preschl children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They ften cver nly their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest f their bdies ___23___ .
Fr a lng time, this ineffective hiding methd was ___24___ as evidence that children are hpelessly “egcentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But ur ___25___ research results in child develpmental psychlgy ___26___ that idea.
We brught yung children aged 2-4 int ur Minds in Develpment Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat dwn with an adult wh cvered her wn eyes r ___28___ . We then asked the child if she culd ___29___ r hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they culdn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult cvered her wn muth: ___31___ children said that they culdn’t ___32___ t her.
A number f ___33___ ruled ut that the children misunderstd what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our yung subjects ___34___ the questins and knew ___35___ what was asked f them. Their ___36___ t the questins reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see yu nly if yu can see me, t.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recgnitin and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket ver her head, it is nt a result f egcentrism. In fact, children cnsider this methd ___40___ when thers use it.
21. A. fllwingB. takingC. escapingD. directing
22. A. cleverB. badC. scaredD. quick
23. A. expsedB. examinedC. untuchedD. imbalanced
24. A. supprtedB. guaranteedC. imaginedD. interpreted
25. A. disappintingB. mixedC. surprisingD. desired
26. A. explainedB. cnfirmedC. cntradictedD. tested
27. A. parentB. childC. researcherD. dctr
28. A. feetB. nseC. handsD. ears
29. A. seeB. helpC. reachD. fl
30. A. eventB. thingC. actinD. accident
31. A. YetB. NwC. SnD. Once
32. A. speakB. listenC. turnD. wave
33. A. instructinsB. descriptinsC. experimentsD. assumptins
34. A. cmprehendedB. predictedC. explredD. ignred
35. A. partlyB. hnestlyC. vaguelyD. exactly
36. A. respnsesB. apprachesC. cntributinD. sensitivity
37. A. abilityB. beliefC. identityD. purpse
38. A. hld backB. relate tC. insist nD. make up
39. A. limitatinsB. requirementsC. theriesD. findings
40. A. tentativeB. impressiveC. creativeD. effective
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B
31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. fllwing跟随；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing指导。根据上文“Yung children acrss the glbe enjy playing games f hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不擅长的；C. scared害怕的；D. quick快的。根据下文“They ften cver nly their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest f their bdies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. expsed无遮蔽的；B. examined已检查过的；C. untuched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They ften cver nly their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest f their bdies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supprted支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。根据下文“as evidence that children are hpelessly “egcentric” creatures.”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. disappinting令人失望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. desired渴望的。根据下文“research results in child develpmental psychlgy _6_ that idea.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释；B. cnfirmed证实；C. cntradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 19 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket ver her head, it is nt a result f egcentrism. In fact, children cnsider this methd _ 20 _ when thers use it.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研究员；D. dctr医生。根据上文“We brught yung children aged 2-4 int ur Minds in Develpment Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚；B. nse鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文“r hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. reach到达；D. fl欺骗。根据上文“an adult wh cvered her wn eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. event大事；B. thing事情；C. actin行动；D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they culdn’t _12_ t her.”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. Yet然而；B. Nw此刻；C. Sn很快；D. Once一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult cvered her wn muth”可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructins命令；B. descriptins说明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptins假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. cmprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explred探索；D. ignred忽略。根据下文“the questins and knew _15_ what was asked f them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. partly部分地；B. hnestly诚实地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly确切地。根据下文“what was asked f them. Their 16 t the questins reflected their true _17_ ”可知，孩子们确切地知道自己被问了什么，他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. respnses回答；B. appraches方法；C. cntributin贡献；D. sensitivity敏感性。根据下文“t the questins”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpse目的。根据下文“I can see yu nly if yu can see me, t.”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hld back阻止；B. relate t有关联；C. insist n坚持；D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see yu nly if yu can see me, t.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。A. limitatins限制；B. requirements必要条件；C. theries理论；D. findings调查发现。根据上文“We brught yung children aged 2-4 int ur Minds in Develpment Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示实验的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实验性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply 18 mutual recgnitin and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D项。
Clze 8
【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy t thrw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shuts as I thrw him skywards and catch him n the way back dwn again. He thrws his arms and legs ut ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense f ___20___ .
I hpe Jacky will always trust me fully, but I knw that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need mre effrt and sund judgment____22____ . Trust is such an imprtant part f a ___23___ relatinship that it’s smething that can’t ___24___ t lse. Every time I ___25___ Jacky t smething new, he’ll d it nly because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knwledge that he wn’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky t swim means he has t ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pl, I’ll cme t his rescue if his dggy paddle lets him dwn.
___29___ in the wrkplace, trust is imprtant fr strng ___30___ . It is smething that every manager shuld wrk hard t ___31___ amng their team. If peple dn’t trust yu, they’re unlikely t ___32___ yur directins and willingly becme a lyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ f trust can make peple wrk against yu rather than fr yu. At the very least, it means that peple are nt ging t be ___34___ yu their best. Gd ___35___, like gd parenting, is a lng-term cmmitment.
16. A. deserveB. missC. lveD. knw
17. A. as ifB. in caseC. even thughD. s that
18. A. fearB. excitementC. dubtD. astnishment
19. A. reasnableB. limitedC. absluteD. imprtant
20. A. reliefB. satisfactinC. achievementD. respnsibility
21. A. lderB. busierC. quieterD. healthier
22. A. n my behalfB. n my partC. in my hnrD. in my name
23. A. lng-distanceB. high-riskC. parent-childD. teacher-student
24. A. affrdB. chseC. waitD. expect
25. A. attachB. cmpareC. adjustD. intrduce
26. A. safeB. happyC. prudD. grateful
27. A. Abve allB. In additinC. At firstD. Fr example
28. A. admitB. believeC. suggestD. imagine
29. A. HweverB. TherefreC. SimilarlyD. Frtunately
30. A. affectinB. determinatinC. friendshipD. leadership
31. A. assessB. rganizeC. develpD. understand
32. A. repeatB. fllwC. changeD. frget
33. A. gestureB. measureC. bndD. lack
34. A. tellingB. givingC. sellingD. sending
35. A. managementB. persnalityC. cmmunicatinD. educatin
【解题导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。
16.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得；B. miss错过；C. lve爱；D. knw知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C项。
17.A【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好像；B. in case以防；C. even thugh即使；D. s that以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚拟语气，好像在飞。故选A项。
18.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. fear害怕；B. excitement兴奋；C. dubt怀疑；D. astnishment惊讶。根据上文“He thrws his arms and legs ut 2 he were flying,”可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B项。
19.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. reasnable合理的；B. limited有限的；C. abslute完全的，绝对的；D. imprtant重要的。根据上文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任的。故选C项。
20.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfactin满意；C. achievement成就；D. respnsibility责任。结合语境，此处指孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D项。
21.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. lder年龄较大的；B. busier较为忙的；C. quieter较安静的；D. healthier较健康的。根据下文“it will need mre effrt and sund judgment ____7____”可知，随着他长大，这需要作者付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选A项。
22.B【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. n my behalf代表我；B. n my part就我来说；C. in my hnr以我的名誉；D. in my name以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要“我”付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选B项。
23.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. lng-distance长途的；B. high-risk高风险的；C. parent-child父母子女的；D. teacher-student师生的。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选C项。
24.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. affrd支付得起；B. chse选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据上文“Trust is such an imprtant part f a ____8____ relatinship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。affrd t d sth“能够做某事”。故选A项。
25.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上；B. cmpare对比；C. adjust调整； D. intrduce介绍。根据下文“t smething new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D项。
26.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. prud自豪的； D. grateful感激的。根据上文“he trusts me”可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选A项。
27.D【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. Abve all首先重要的是；B. In additin除此之外；C. At first首先；D. Fr example例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky t swim means he has t ____13____ ”可知，作者在举例子。故选D项。
28.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。
29.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. Hwever然而；B. Therefre因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Frtunately幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场，所以同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C项。
30.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affectin感情；B. determinatin决定；C. friendship友谊；D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is smething that every manager”可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D项。
31.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. rganize组织；C. develp发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。
32.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. fllw跟随；C. change改变； D. frget忘记。根据上文“If peple dn’t trust yu”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B项。
33.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势；B. measure测量；C. bnd纽带；D. lack缺少。根据下文“make peple wrk against yu rather than fr yu”可知，缺乏信任会让人们与你作对。故选D项。
34.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；C. selling卖；D. sending发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B项。
35.A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管理；B. persnality个性；C. cmmunicatin交流；D. educatin教育。根据上文“in the wrkplace”以及“manager”客户，作者在说管理。故选A项。
Clze 9
【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy t thrw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shuts as I thrw him skywards and catch him n the way back dwn again. He thrws his arms and legs ut ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense f ___20___ .
I hpe Jacky will always trust me fully, but I knw that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need mre effrt and sund judgment____22____ . Trust is such an imprtant part f a ___23___ relatinship that it’s smething that can’t ___24___ t lse. Every time I ___25___ Jacky t smething new, he’ll d it nly because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knwledge that he wn’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky t swim means he has t ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pl, I’ll cme t his rescue if his dggy paddle lets him dwn.
___29___ in the wrkplace, trust is imprtant fr strng ___30___ . It is smething that every manager shuld wrk hard t ___31___ amng their team. If peple dn’t trust yu, they’re unlikely t ___32___ yur directins and willingly becme a lyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ f trust can make peple wrk against yu rather than fr yu. At the very least, it means that peple are nt ging t be ___34___ yu their best. Gd ___35___, like gd parenting, is a lng-term cmmitment.
16. A. deserveB. missC. lveD. knw
17. A. as ifB. in caseC. even thughD. s that
18. A. fearB. excitementC. dubtD. astnishment
19. A. reasnableB. limitedC. absluteD. imprtant
20. A. reliefB. satisfactinC. achievementD. respnsibility
21. A. lderB. busierC. quieterD. healthier
22. A. n my behalfB. n my partC. in my hnrD. in my name
23. A. lng-distanceB. high-riskC. parent-childD. teacher-student
24. A. affrdB. chseC. waitD. expect
25. A. attachB. cmpareC. adjustD. intrduce
26. A. safeB. happyC. prudD. grateful
27. A. Abve allB. In additinC. At firstD. Fr example
28. A. admitB. believeC. suggestD. imagine
29. A. HweverB. TherefreC. SimilarlyD. Frtunately
30. A. affectinB. determinatinC. friendshipD. leadership
31. A. assessB. rganizeC. develpD. understand
32. A. repeatB. fllwC. changeD. frget
33. A. gestureB. measureC. bndD. lack
34. A. tellingB. givingC. sellingD. sending
35. A. managementB. persnalityC. cmmunicatinD. educatin
【解题导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。
16.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得；B. miss错过；C. lve爱；D. knw知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C项。
17.A【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好像；B. in case以防；C. even thugh即使；D. s that以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚拟语气，好像在飞。故选A项。
18.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. fear害怕；B. excitement兴奋；C. dubt怀疑；D. astnishment惊讶。根据上文“He thrws his arms and legs ut 2 he were flying,”可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B项。
19.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. reasnable合理的；B. limited有限的；C. abslute完全的，绝对的；D. imprtant重要的。根据上文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任的。故选C项。
20.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfactin满意；C. achievement成就；D. respnsibility责任。结合语境，此处指孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D项。
21.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. lder年龄较大的；B. busier较为忙的；C. quieter较安静的；D. healthier较健康的。根据下文“it will need mre effrt and sund judgment ____7____”可知，随着他长大，这需要作者付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选A项。
22.B【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. n my behalf代表我；B. n my part就我来说；C. in my hnr以我的名誉；D. in my name以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要“我”付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选B项。
23.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. lng-distance长途的；B. high-risk高风险的；C. parent-child父母子女的；D. teacher-student师生的。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选C项。
24.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. affrd支付得起；B. chse选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据上文“Trust is such an imprtant part f a ____8____ relatinship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。affrd t d sth“能够做某事”。故选A项。
25.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上；B. cmpare对比；C. adjust调整； D. intrduce介绍。根据下文“t smething new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D项。
26.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. prud自豪的； D. grateful感激的。根据上文“he trusts me”可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选A项。
27.D【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. Abve all首先重要的是；B. In additin除此之外；C. At first首先；D. Fr example例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky t swim means he has t ____13____ ”可知，作者在举例子。故选D项。
28.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。
29.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. Hwever然而；B. Therefre因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Frtunately幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场，所以同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C项。
30.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affectin感情；B. determinatin决定；C. friendship友谊；D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is smething that every manager”可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D项。
31.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. rganize组织；C. develp发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。
32.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. fllw跟随；C. change改变； D. frget忘记。根据上文“If peple dn’t trust yu”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B项。
33.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势；B. measure测量；C. bnd纽带；D. lack缺少。根据下文“make peple wrk against yu rather than fr yu”可知，缺乏信任会让人们与你作对。故选D项。
34.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；C. selling卖；D. sending发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B项。
35.A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管理；B. persnality个性；C. cmmunicatin交流；D. educatin教育。根据上文“in the wrkplace”以及“manager”客户，作者在说管理。故选A项。