[中考一轮复习]译林版初中英语八年级下册 Unit 7 课件

中考一轮复习八年级下册Unit 71. 学会谈论最喜爱的慈善机构。2. 掌握一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的用法。重点词汇知识点1 especially adv. 特别,尤其[归纳拓展] 辨析: especially与specially1. especially是副词,意为“尤其,特别”,通常用来对前面所述的事件进行进一步说明或补充。如:This summer is very hot, especially today.这个夏天很热,特别是今天。(表示今天与前几天天气很不一样)2. specially也是副词,意为“专门地,特意”,表示“不是为了别的,而只是为了……”,强调唯一目的。如:He came here specially to say sorry to her.他特意来这里向她道歉。[跟踪训练]1. The boy likes all the subjects, 　　　 　(especially, specially) English. 2. She returned to her hometown in May 　　　 　(especially, specially) to see her sick mother. (　　)3. (2022·常州)The summer vacation is coming. Don’t swim in the lake, 　　　　when you are alone. A. probably B. possiblyC. especially D. exactlyespeciallyspeciallyC知识点2 cure vt. 治愈[归纳拓展] 相关短语: “cure sb. of +疾病”表示“治愈某人的疾病”; “a cure for +疾病”表示“疾病的治愈方法”。注意: treat 强调对病人进行诊断和治疗的过程,但不表示医疗效果; cure 强调结果,指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病。[跟踪训练](　　) The doctor says that my grandpa’s disease 　　　　. A. can be cured B. cureC. cured D. curingA知识点3 afford vt. 买得起;能做[归纳拓展] afford sth. 意为“负担得起某物”; afford to do sth.意为“负担得起做某事”。afford常与can、 could、 be able to连用,一般用于否定句、疑问句中。[跟踪训练](　　)The price of housing in Nanjing is so high that many people can’t afford　　　　a flat. A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. buyB知识点4 proud adj. 自豪的,骄傲的[归纳拓展] 相关短语: be proud of sth.为某事感到自豪/骄傲; be proud to do sth.为做某事而感到自豪/骄傲。proud后面也可接that从句。proud的名词形式为pride,意为“骄傲”, take pride in相当于be proud of,意为“为……而感到骄傲”。[跟踪训练](　　)We are 　　　　that the Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. A. friendly B. brave C. nervous D. proudD知识点5 develop vi. & vt. 发展;加强[归纳拓展] develop是动词,意为“发展;加强”,如: develop quickly发展很快。 development是名词,意为“发展”,如: with the development of 随着……的发展。 developed是形容词,意为“发达的”,如: a developed country一个发达国家。 developing是形容词,意为“发展中的”,如: a developing country一个发展中国家。[跟踪训练](　　)As the story 　　　, the secret of the castle is discovered little by little.A. ends B. begins C. develops D. happensC知识点6 hold vt. 举行[归纳拓展] hold的过去式为held,过去分词为held,后面直接跟宾语。意为“举行”, hold a party举行聚会;意为“拿着,抓住”, hold some books拿着一些书;意为“容纳,装得下”, hold fifty people容纳50人;意为“(使)保持……”, hold one’s breath屏住呼吸。[跟踪训练](　　) — How wonderful the school concertis! I wonder if our school will 　　　　it next year. — Sure. It’s our school’s tradition!A. hold B. getC. make D. allowA知识点7 set up 建起,设立[归纳拓展] set up后面直接跟宾语,但代词作宾语时只能放在两词中间。set是动词,过去式和过去分词都为set。 set off 出发,动身; set out 出发,开始工作。辨析: set up与build1. set up表示创建组织、机构、公司、学校等。set up a school创办一所学校。2. build指具体建造或制作某物。build a school建造一所学校。[跟踪训练](　　)Later, the 22-year-old student at a university in Wuhan decided to  a special website for kids. A. set upB. set outC. set offD. set downA知识点8 organize = organise vt. 组织[归纳拓展] organize的名词形式为 organization,类似这样的名词有invite—invitation等。[跟踪训练]他们将组织一个读书俱乐部。They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a Reading Club. will/are going to organize/organise重点句型知识点9 You have some pocket money left. 你剩了些零花钱。[归纳拓展] “Sb. has sth. left.”意为“某人剩下某物”; “There is sth./sb. left.”意为“剩下某物/某人”。[跟踪训练]我饿了。你还剩下什么吃的吗?I’m hungry. Do you 　　 　　　　　　　　? have anything left to eat知识点10 But more money is needed to carry on with our work. 但是需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。[归纳拓展] carry on意为“继续做;坚持干”,相当于continue/go on。carry on with sth. = carry on doing sth. = go on doing sth. = continue doing sth. 意为“继续干某事;坚持做某事”。[跟踪训练]我们宁愿把这项实验进行下去,而不愿放弃它。We would rather 　　　　　　　　with this experiment than give it up. carry on知识点11 What’s the matter? 怎么了?[归纳拓展] 固定句型“What’s the matter (with ...)?”意为“(……)怎么了?”,用来询问某人身体是否舒服、遇到什么麻烦等,指对某人某事的关心。同义句为“What’s wrong (with ...)?”或“What happened (to ...)?”。matter为名词,意为“事情,问题”。相关短语: no matter没关系,不要紧; no matter how不管怎样; no matter what 不管什么。matter作动词时,意为“要紧,有重大影响”,如: “It doesn’t matter.”意为“没关系”。[跟踪训练](　　) — What’s the 　　　　? — My watch has gone missing.A. thing B. wrongC. matter D. itC知识点12 ...so she made up her mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work. ……于是她决定接受护士培训,并在下班后去上课。[归纳拓展]1. make up one’s mind to do sth. 意为“下定决心做某事”,相当于decide to do sth.。2. attend意为“参加”。相关短语: attend a meeting 参加一场会议; attend school 去上学; attend courses 上课。[跟踪训练](　　)1. She made up her mind 　　　　hard next term. A. working B. to workC. to working D. work(　　)2. Our children 　　　　the same school. A. go B. has attendedC. has gone D. attendBD语法专题知识点13 被动语态[归纳拓展]1. 概念:当主语是谓语的执行者时,用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时,用被动语态。2. 被动语态的构成: 动作的承受者(主语)+ be动词+动词的过去分词(+ by +动作的执行者)。3. 被动语态的用法:(1) 当不知道或者没有必要说明动作的执行者时,则须用被动语态。如:Much money and many daily things were sent 2 days ago. 许多钱和日常用品两天前就寄出去了。(2) 强调动作的承受者,如果想同时指出动作的执行者,可用“by +动作执行者”来表示。如:I was frightened by the noise.我被那响声吓坏了。4. 主动语态变被动语态的方法:(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语;(2) 把谓语变为被动结构(be动词+动词的过去分词);(3) 把主动语态的主语放在介词by后作宾语。如:Hunters killed many tigers.= Many tigers were killed by hunters.猎人杀了许多老虎。5. 主动语态不能转变为被动语态的3种情况:(1) 当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时,不用被动语态。这样的及物动词有have、 become、 cost、 reach、 arrive等。(2) 当及物动词的宾语为反身代词、相互代词、非谓语动词、同源宾语时,都没有被动语态。如:The twins taught themselves Chinese.这对双胞胎自学中文。(3) take place、 come out、 break down等特殊动词短语,不用被动语态。[跟踪训练](　　)1. (2023·徐州)The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It 　　　　by people of all ages. A. is loved B. was lovedC. will love D. is loving(　　)2. (2023·镇江)When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money  to buy comic books. A. use B. is used C. used D. was usedAD一、 词汇。A. 根据句意和汉语提示写出单词,完成句子。1. I’ve always wanted to go on a wonderful holiday. But I can’t 　　　　 it.(付得起) 2. (2023·宿迁市泗洪县模拟)The doctor is kind enough to all his 　　 　　in the hospital.(病人) 3. The charity works for the equal 　　　　of women.(权利) 4. In order to prevent the terrible news from 　　 　　further, we should keep silent.(扩散) 5. (2023·宿迁)— What does UNICEF do for children in poor areas?— It provides basic 　　 　　for them.(教育)affordpatientsrightsspreadingeducationB. 根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. I ought to have read the instructions before I 　　 　　this robot sweeper.(operation) 2. (2022·无锡)You 　　 　　to be more organized in high school. So you can keep a diary.(expect) 3. Because of colour 　　　 　, Tom can’t join the army.(blind) 4. Many people come to the English corner, 　 　 　　some foreigners from the UK and the US.(include) 5. — Has your sick pet dog been cured yet?— Not yet. It is still under 　　　　 .(treat) operatedare expectedblindnessincludingtreatment二、 单项选择。(　　)1. The car is quite small, 　　　　if you have children. A. hardly B. nearlyC. really D. especially(　　)2. — What do people in the quake-hit area need most?— Food, fresh water and 　　　　care. A. medical B. musicalC. physical D. magicalDA(　　)3. — What do you plan to buy?— I haven’t 　　　　my mind. I’ll just look around first. A. looked up B. put upC. shown up D. made up(　　)4. The organization has been greatly helping keep world peace. As a Chinese, I am 　　　　 it. A. take pride in B. proud ofC. full of D. known forDB(　　)5. — Oh, you look unhappy today. What’s up?— The book I want 　　　　well. There is none left in the bookstore. A. to sell B. sellC. sells D. is sold(　　)6. (2023·扬州)Sand turns to glass when it 　　　　by lightning. A. hits B. is hitC. is hitting D. will be hitCB(　　)7. My cousin Tom volunteers in the children’s home. His job is to  food and clothes. A. sell out B. work outC. hand out D. find out(　　)8. — What do you need to 　　　　your work? — All I need is enough support from my family and friends.A. bring out B. carry on withC. solve D. come up withCB(　　)9. The rescue team has brought help and hope to people in need around the world since it 　　　　20 years ago. A. set up B. is set upC. was set up D. will be set up(　　)10. — You look tired. 　　　 — I didn’t sleep well last night. I had a headache.A. How about you? B. What should I do?C. What’s the matter? D. How are you feeling now?CC