2026年高考英语（外研版）一轮复习配套课件 第2讲　读文有技巧——如何读

第二讲　读文有技巧——如何读读后续写　　读是为了更好地写。续写之前,学生需要阅读文章内容,确定文章的主题和情节脉络。要抓住文中关键人物的性格、语言、动作中体现出来的细节,并梳理阅读文本的逻辑结构。同时,积累文中的主题词句,熟悉写作风格、修辞手法等,并对续写内容进行合理的想象,为后续的自主创作搭建合理的情境模型。一、读要素和主题——确定续写基调读后续写一般是记叙文。我们通过读所给文本来提炼出记叙文六要素(who、what、when、where、why和how),弄清文章大意和主题,理清文章脉络,把握续写情节的大致走向。【典例】　(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)The Meredith family lived in a small community.As the economy was in decline,some people in the town had lost their jobs.Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet.People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.Mrs.Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman.She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor.She knew they had problems,and they needed all kinds of help.When she had time,she would bring food and medicine to them.One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before.There was a man sick in bed,his wife,who took care of him and could not go out to work,and their little boy.The little boy—his name was Bernard—had interested her very much.“I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children,John, Harry,and Clara.“He is such a help to his mother.He wants very much to earn some money,but I don’t see what he can do.”After their mother left the room,the children sat thinking about Bernard.“I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara.“His family is suffering so much.”“So do I,” said Harry.“We really should do something to assist them.”For some moments,John said nothing,but,suddenly,he sprang to his feet and cried,“I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish (完成).”The other children also jumped up all attention.When John had an idea,it was sure to be a good one.“I tell you what we can do,” said John.“You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well,we can make popcorn (爆米花),and put it into paper bags,and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”二、读所给段首句——确定续写框架第一段首句是原文内容的衔接和延伸,第二段首句是第一段内容的衔接和延伸。在第一段最后往往有与第二段首句相关联的语句,这样两段之间自然衔接,思路一致,形成一个整体。学生可以尝试倒推法,因为第二段首句就是第一段内容的延伸,从第二段首句着手,就可以知道第一段所发生的事情,从而推知第一段续写内容。【典例】　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)...David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children,but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing.That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.Itjust took him longer—that’s all.David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish.As a special education teacher at the school,I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.注意:续写词数应为150个左右。点拨:(1)根据第二段首句可知,David和其他选手一起站在起跑线,可以反推出作者在续写第一段成功说服David参加比赛。而从全文立意、情节传达正能量的角度可以推出,David跑完了比赛。(2)在情节设计上,应以作者与David的互动为落脚点。于是情节设计思路如下:第一段:David引起作者注意——说服David参加比赛——David思考后决定参加比赛。第二段:作者给予David鼓励——David坚持跑完全程——情感升华:David感受到挑战自我的成就感。三、读人物性格——塑造人物形象阅读文本时我们常有一种代入感,感觉故事主人公就如同我们身边的熟人,甚至是与我们自己性格一样的人。因此,无论主人公的个性多么鲜明和生动,也包含普遍意义的共性。所以塑造人物时要凸显其性格特征。【典例】　(浙江卷改编)I had an interesting childhood:It was filled with surprise and amusements,all because of my mother—loving, sweet,and yet absent-minded and forgetful.One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells a lot about her.My two sets of grandparents lived in Colorado and North Dakota, and my parents decided to spend a few weeks driving to those states and seeing all the sights along the way.As the first day of our trip approached,David,my eight-year-old brother,and I unwillingly said good-bye to all of our friends.Who knew if we’d ever see them again? Finally,the moment of our departure arrived,and we loaded suitcases, books,games,camping equipment,and a tent into the car and bravely drove off.We bravely drove off again two hours later after we’d returned home to get the purse and traveler’s checks Mom had forgotten.David and I were always a little nervous when using gas station bathrooms if Mom was driving while Dad slept:“You stand outside the door and play lookout while I go,and I’ll stand outside the door and play lookout while you go.” I had terrible pictures in my mind:“Honey, where are the kids?” “What?! Oh,Gosh...I thought they were being awfully quiet.” We were never actually left behind in a strange city,but we weren’t about to take any chances...点拨:阅读文本,体会加黑部分的用法文中对主人公my mother的性格用形容词loving、 sweet、 absent-minded、 forgetful进行了描绘。因为妈妈健忘(absent-minded and forgetful),第一段中可以设计妈妈忘记带野炊灶具的情节;因为妈妈善良有爱心(loving and sweet),所以可设计妈妈故意把新帐篷落在宿营地,留给无家可归的人,让他们遮风避雨。使用forgetful一词把妈妈的善良和健忘完美结合,一语双关。这两个情节内容与原材料对妈妈的人设前后呼应,高度契合。四、读情节冲突——丰富故事情节冲突是指两个或两个以上对立方的矛盾冲突。没有冲突,就没有故事情节的发展。冲突的类型包括个人的自我挣扎、人与人之间的冲突(角色之间的冲突)、人与社会的抗争、人与自然的矛盾(角色与环境的冲突)等。矛盾冲突决定了双线(情节线和情感线)的跌宕起伏。【典例】　(2020·浙江7月卷改编)One fall,my wife Elli and I had a single goal:to photograph polar bears.We were staying at a research camp outside “the polar bear capital of the world”—the town of Churchill in Manitoba,Canada.Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears—like all wild animals—should be photographed from a safe distance.When I’m face to face with a polar bear,I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens.But sometimes,that is easier said than done.This was one of those times.As Elli and I cooked dinner,a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed,and smelled our garlic bread.The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp,which was surrounded by a high wire fence.He pulled and bit the wire.He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.Terrified,Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew.We yelled at the bear,hit pots hard,and fired blank shotgun shells into the air.Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off.Not this polar bear though—he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws (爪子).I radioed the camp manager for help.He told me a helicopter was on its way,but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived.Making the best of this close encounter (相遇),I took some pictures of the bear.Elli and I feared the fence wouldn’t last through 30 more minutes of the bear’s punishment.The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray.The spray burns the bears’ eyes,but doesn’t hurt them.So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and,through the fence,sprayed him in the face.With an angry roar (吼叫),the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.A few minutes later,the bear came back to our camp...点拨:(文中加黑部分)表现出作者与熊的冲突逐渐升级的三次对抗:五、读语言风格——追求语言协同续写是对原文的延续与收尾,因此语言风格上也要求与原文保持一致,这样才能实现内容的浑然一体。点拨:(1)2020年浙江7月卷读后续写原文在语言运用上表现出了丰富性,现对其语言特点进行如下分析。(2)朗读下面续写短文,体会其语言协同风格A few minutes later,the bear headed back to our camp.Roars from the bear broke the silence,which froze Elli and this furry creature quickened pace,using powerful force to attack the fence.With great horror,I feared that the bear would totally ruin the fence with his massive paws.“The garlic bread!”Elli shouted.After we threw the bread at the bear he slowly stopped approaching and sniffed at the bread cautiously,which left us a valuable break.At that very moment,the helicopter arrived.Much to my relief,the rescuers succeeded in appeasing the bear and distracting him.Seeing the bear take a few steps back,I picked up my camera and snapped last shots of this creature.Eventually,the bear faded into the forest. Though risking my life,I got the chance to take the best pictures safe and sound which was all worth it.