【01-暑假复习】专题08 阅读理解提分引擎 (题型解法与长难句拆解指南) (学生版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)(1)

这是一份【01-暑假复习】专题08 阅读理解提分引擎 (题型解法与长难句拆解指南) (学生版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)(1)，共20页。
内容导航
考点聚焦：核心考点，有的放矢
重点速记：知识点和重难点梳理，查漏补缺
高频考点：模拟新题+提升专练，全面突破
模拟精炼：知识点和关键点训练，能力提升
考点聚焦
重点速记
考点（一）阅读理解题型解法
高考英语阅读理解要想提分,需掌握各类题型解法,以下是详细介绍：
阅读理解题型解法:
（一）事实细节题 解题方法：
（1）寻读法。先看试题，再读文章，对有关信息进行快速定位，将相关信息整合、甄别、分析、对比，
排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此方法适用于图形表格类题材。
（2）注意事项：抓住事件的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，答案要符合原文，不可望文生义。同时，注意句子的逻辑关系，关注表因果、转折等关系的功能词。
（二）猜测词义题 解题方法:
（1）根据定义或解释说明：在有 be，be called，call 等判断词的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号处，
可根据已知部分猜测生词含义。
（2）根据对比关系：在 but,hwever,yet等表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中,可根据前后词的
对比关系猜词。
通过因果关系：利用 because，since，as，s 等连接原因状语从句或结果状语从句的连词，
依据已知部分通过因果关系猜词。
（4）根据生活常识：运用逻辑推理能力和自身生活经验及常识，联系上下文能读懂的部分来猜词。
（5）根据同等关系：当一个词、一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，且词义属于同一范畴，
中间常用并列连词 and 或 r 连接时，可根据同等关系猜词。
（5）根据列举的事例：通过文中列举的事例来猜测生词的含义。
（三）主旨大意题 解题方法：
通过串联首段和各段首句来把握文章主旨，优先选择包含 “首段核心词 + 尾段态度词” 的选项，
排除含单一细节的选项。
注意事项：要避免以段落细节代替全文中心，需从整体上把握文章内容。
（四）推理判断题 解题方法：
在原文依据旁用 “⇒” 标注推论，从原文出发，合理推断，避免主观臆断。
注意事项：不可过度推理，答案应基于原文信息，是对原文内容的合理引申。
考点（二）阅读理解长难句拆解技巧
长难句拆解指南:
（一）“主谓宾拆解法” 三步通关
抓主干：用横线划出主语和谓语动词，明确句子核心。
如 “The team ___ discvered a new methd...”，
先找出 “team” 是主语，“discvered” 是谓语动词。
拆修饰：用括号括起从句、分词短语等修饰成分，简化句子结构。
例如 “wh spent years researching”
这样的定语从句，可将其视为修饰成分括起来，暂时不看，以突出句子主干。
标逻辑：用符号标记转折（▲）、因果（★）、例证（◆）等关系。
如 “▲Hwever,★due t climate change, ◆such as rising temperature...”，
通过标记逻辑关系词，更清晰地理解句子之间的关系。
每日训练：选取 3 个真题长难句，用不同颜色笔区分主干与修饰，如主语用黄色、
谓语用红色、从句用绿色，拍照留存对比进步，以增强对长难句的理解和分析能力。
考点（三）阅读理解避坑指南秘诀
高考英语阅读理解的避坑指南秘诀：
（一）认清干扰项特点 无中生有：
选项内容在文章中没有任何依据，是命题者凭空捏造的。
如:2023年新高考I卷中，题目问 “Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?”
有选项说 “T prtect the plants.”，但原文未提及植物需要保护，属于无中生有。
（1）偷换概念：选项中的关键词与原文相似，但意思被改变。
比如原文说的是某种产品的 “quality”（质量）很好，选项中却换成了 “quantity”（数量）很多。
（2）因果倒置：选项中因果关系与原文相反。
若原文是 “A 导致 B”，选项可能变成 “B 导致 A”。
（3）绝对化表述：使用 “all”“always”“never”“must” 等极端词的选项，通常要谨慎对待，
因为这类表述过于绝对，不符合原文的意思。
（4）范围扩大或缩小：选项比原文描述的范围更宽泛或更具体。
如原文说的是 “sme students”（一些学生），选项变成了 “all students”（所有学生），这就属于范围扩大。 （5）主观推测：选项内容是基于原文的过度推理，并非直接信息。如原文只是说某人做了某件事，
选项却推断出这个人有某种特定的性格特点，而原文中并没有相关暗示。
（6）混淆信息：采用原文的部分词汇，但改变了句意，将不同地方的信息拼凑在一起，造成误导。
（二）掌握正确阅读方法和答题步骤
阅读方法：运用略读了解文章主旨大意和结构框架，通过扫读快速定位关键信息，对于重点内容进行精读，分析句子结构和逻辑关系。
答题步骤：先看题干，明确题目类型和要求，划出关键词；然后带着问题读文章，根据关键词定位相关信息；最后结合原文内容，仔细分析选项，排除干扰项，选择正确答案。
（三）其他注意事项
（1）注意文章结构和逻辑关系：了解总分、对比、举例、数据引用等不同结构段落的特点和作用，关注转折、因果、并列等逻辑关系词，有助于更好地理解文章和把握考点。
（2）合理分配时间：简单的细节定位题耗时不超过1分钟，难题如主旨推断题控制在2.5分钟以内，避免在某一道题上花费过多时间，影响整体答题进度。
（3）认真检查:核对选项是否答非所问，特别注意代词指代是否准确，避免因粗心大意而丢分。
考点（四）熟悉各题型易错点及应对方法
（1）主旨大意题
易错点：容易被细节干扰，误把段落大意当作文章主旨；对文章整体把握不够，选择的选项过于片面或过于宽泛。
应对方法：重点阅读首段和尾段，关注每段的首句或尾句，寻找主题句。同时，要学会归纳总结，排除那些只涉及局部信息的选项。
（2）细节理解题
易错点：忽略题干中的限定词，导致定位错误；对原文信息理解不准确，被选项中的干扰信息迷惑。
应对方法：用题干中的关键词回文定位，找到原文出处后，仔细核对选项与原文的细节，注意同义替换，确保信息准确无误，不曲解、不夸大。
（3） 推理判断题
易错点：过度推理，加入自己的主观想法，超出了原文所给信息的范围；对文章中的暗示信息理解不到位，无法进行合理推断。
应对方法：识别关键词，分析上下文逻辑关系，寻找如情感词、因果关系等暗示信息。
答案必须基于文中信息，避免过度推测。
（4）词义猜测题
易错点：脱离上下文语境，仅凭对单词的常规理解来选择答案；对上下文的提示信息把握不准确，导致猜错词义。
应对方法：结合上下文，寻找解释、对比、因果等提示信息，还可以根据词根、前后缀来推测词义。
将选项代入原文，看是否符合语境和逻辑。
（5）指代关系题
易错点：没有准确理解上下文逻辑，找错指代对象；对代词的语法功能和指代规则不熟悉。
应对方法：向前寻找指代对象，通常是前一句的某个名词或概念，确保指代对象在逻辑上与代词一致。
（6）作者态度题
易错点：不能准确把握作者的情感倾向，被文中其他人的观点所干扰；对表示态度的词汇理解不准确，导致判断错误。
应对方法：关注文中的情感词，如 “frtunately”“surprisingly”“unfrtunately”“dubtfully” 等，分析作者用词的褒贬色彩，从而判断作者的态度，排除极端选项。
考点（五）阅读理解提分解题策略
高考英语阅读理解提分引擎的提分解题策略
（一）题型通用技巧 先看题干，明确题型和重点：
快速浏览题目，判断题目类型，如细节题、主旨题、推断题、词义猜测题等。
明确题目所问内容，圈出关键词，如人名、地名、数字、时间、关键动词或名词等，
带着问题去读文章，有针对性地寻找答案。
（二）学会定位，结合原文作答：
根据题干中的关键词，在文章中找到与之相关的段落或句子，这就是答案的定位区域。
仔细阅读定位区域的上下文，理解其含义，与选项进行对比分析，选择与原文意思最相符的选项。
注意，答案一定是基于原文内容，不能凭主观臆断或常识来答题。
（三）善用排除，缩小选择范围：
对于不确定的题目，可通过排除法缩小选择范围。排除与原文内容不符、与题目要求无关、
过于绝对或不合理的选项。有些选项可能只包含部分正确信息，或者偷换概念、以偏概全，要仔细辨别。
（四）阅读方法技巧
1、略读：快速浏览文章标题、首尾段、每段首句以及图片、图表等，了解文章的主旨大意、结构框架
和主要内容，明确文章的题材和体裁，为进一步阅读做好准备。
2、扫读：在略读的基础上，根据题目要求，有针对性地在文中寻找特定的信息，如人名、地名、数字、日期等。眼睛快速扫视文章，忽略无关信息，只关注与题目相关的内容，提高阅读效率。
3、精读：对于文章中的关键段落、长难句以及与题目相关的细节内容，要进行精读。仔细分析句子结构，理解每个单词和短语的含义，把握句子之间的逻辑关系，从而准确理解文章的深层含义。
考点（六）阅读理解实战模拟精炼
Passage 01
（24-25高一上·安徽芜湖·开学考试）Sngbirds d have a perfect vice. Every species f bird wakes up at a very particular time in the mrning and begins t sing. This is because each species has its wn specific waking stimulus (刺激), which is linked t the brightness f the sunlight.
Like human beings wh have t learn t speak, birds als have t learn hw t sing. They d this in several stages. First, they practice vices and sunds, which is cmparable t the early stage in human language develpment. During the secnd stage, the birds practice their sng fr eight t nine mnths, until memry and practice match up. The singing is strengthened during the final stage.
Althugh nightingales gt their name as a result f their singing at night, nt all nightingales sing at night. Generally, bth males and females sing during the day. The night sng is used mainly fr seeking partners. After succeeding in attracting a female, the male nightingale falls silent and desn’t start his sng again until the early mrning.
Birds are seasnal singers. We nly hear numerus kinds f bird cncerts between spring and high summer. This is the time when birds are lking fr partners, and when the males aim t mark ut their territry (地盘). Even after finding a partner, males cntinue t sing when they are shwing their ffspring (幼崽) hw t sing.
Birds dn’t all sing as well as thers, nt even within a species (物种). The sng f a bird in Lndn will be quite different frm that f a bird in Paris r Berlin. Althugh the members f each bird species share a vcabulary f sunds, dialectal (方言的) differences are quite cmmn. The individual dialects are nt natural but are learnt while birds are still yung, just as children adpt the dialect f their parents. The yung birds always sing as well r as badly as their teachers, whse style and talent are different frm area t area.
1．Why d different species f birds sing at different times in the mrning?
A．They have different mdels f memry.
B．They prefer different weather cnditins.
C．They react t the brightness differently.
D．They have different reference bjects f waking up.
2．What’s the main reasn fr the male nightingale’s singing at night?
A．T enlarge its territry.B．T teach its ffspring.
C．T drive enemies away.D．T draw females’ attentin.
3．What mainly determines a bird’s sund f singing?
A．Its inbrn talent.B．Its learning ability.
C．Its species’ ppularity.D．Its grwing envirnment.
4．What is the best title f the text?
A．The Science f Birds’ Singing
B．Language Develpment f Birds
C．The Seasnal Change f Birdsngs
D．The Difference f Dialects in Bird Cmmunicatin
Passage 02
（24-25高一下·河北衡水·开学考试）Dgs have been humans’ best friends fr thusands f years, and their ability t understand us ges mre than just fllwing rders. Dgs are really gd at understanding hw humans feel. They’ve learned t pick up n wrds and facial expressins frm humans. A recent study has shwn that dgs can actually smell human stress and respnd (反应) t it in ways that suggest a clse relatinship with us humans. This interesting discvery thrws light n hw deeply clse ur lives have becme with ur dg friends.
S, can dgs really smell stress? The answer is yes! Researchers at the University f Bristl did a study where they fund that dgs can sense stress thrugh a chemical called crtisl (皮质醇) in ur sweat. This ability allws them t respnd emtinally t human stress.
In the study, 18 vlunteers and their dgs tk part. These vlunteers went thrugh public speaking and tk tests f slving difficult math prblems withut any preparatin. Their wrry made mre crtisl appear in their sweat. When the dgs smelled this stressed sweat, they felt less curius and shwed less interest in a fd bwl in an uncertain psitin, as if they thught there was n fd in thse bwls. It seems that dgs can really feel the stress f humans and their wn feelings can be affected, t. This shws that humans and dgs have a very deep cnnectin, where emtins can spread between us like a wave.
Then hw did dgs develp such ability t sense stress? Well, it might be because sensing stress helped dgs survive in the past. If they culd tell when anther member f their grup was wrried and stressed, they knew they might be at risk. As Ze Parr-Crtes, lead study authr and a Ph.D．student at Bristl Veterinary Schl, said, “Being able t sense stress frm anther member f the pack was likely beneficial.”
5．Why did vlunteers in the study d public speaking and math tasks?
A．T test their scial skills.B．T see hw dgs wuld help them.
C．T shw their ability t reduce pressure.D．T raise their stress and crtisl levels.
6．What happened when dgs smelled stress in the study?
A．Their respnse was faster.B．They stayed away frm their wners.
C．They fcused less n fd.D．They barked t warn wners f danger.
7．What might be the reasn dgs develped the ability t sense stress?
A．T avid danger.B．T prtect their fd.
C．T hunt mre effectively.D．T better understand humans.
8．Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A．A guidebk fr dg training.B．A scientific research reprt.
C．A newspaper abut animal adventures.D．A magazine abut wildlife prtectin.
Passage 03
（24-25高一下·湖南长沙·开学考试）Making a film is like slving a cmplex puzzle. While actrs and the stry are what we see n screen, many peple wrk behind the scenes t make the mvie cme alive. Each persn has a unique rle t play in bringing the final prduct t life.
The directr is ften regarded as the leader f the prject. They guide the actrs, determine the visual cmpsitin f each scene, and cllabrate (合作) clsely with the cinematgrapher t select the mst effective camera angles and lighting. The cinematgrapher, als knwn as the directr f phtgraphy, is respnsible fr capturing the film’s visual aesthetic. They manipulate (熟练操作) light and shadw t create the desired md and atmsphere.
Anther key persn is the prductin designer, wh versees the film’s verall lk. They make sure every detail, frm the sets t the cstumes, matches the stry’s setting and tne. Fr example, if the film is set in a histrical perid, the prductin designer ensures that the prps, clthing, and envirnments accurately reflect that time. They wrk with art directrs, set decratrs, and cstume designers t create a chesive (协调的) and believable wrld.
Sund designers and editrs als play a crucial rle. They enhance the film’s emtinal impact by adding sund effects, backgrund nises, and music. Withut their cntributins, even the mst exciting scenes wuld lack depth and intensity.
Finally, the editr carefully assembles (整合) the ftage, selecting the best takes and arranging them t create a cmpelling narrative (扣人心弦的叙事). This prcess, which can take mnths, is essential fr making sure the film flws smthly and keeps the audience engaged.
9．Wh directly wrks with actrs t decide hw scenes shuld lk?
A．The cinematgrapher.B．The prductin designer.
C．The directr.D．The sund editr.
10．The underlined wrd “aesthetic” in Paragraph 2 mst clsely means _____________.
A．emtinal impactB．visual styleC．histrical accuracyD．stry structure
11．If a film’s 1920s setting feels unrealistic, which rle likely failed their jb?
A．The editr.B．The prductin designer.
C．The cinematgrapher.D．The sund designer.
12．Why might editing take mnths t cmplete?
A．Actrs need time t prepare their perfrmances.
B．Selecting the best shts and rganizing them carefully takes time.
C．Creating realistic sund effects requires multiple tries.
D．Directrs want t give creative imprvements enugh time.
Passage 04
（24-25高一下·广东佛山·开学考试）I remember my first true intrductin t art fndly. It was my secnd year f university and I was a cnfused 19-year-ld at the time, unsure f what academic path I wanted t pursue. I knew that I had always been fascinated by things that made me questin the wrld arund me, and my art histry class was the first time I really gt t get my feet wet.
My prfessr, a pst-graduate with natty (齐整的) hair, entertained us with her stries f travel and revealed the arts f the wrld t us, smething that had nt been tuched n since my primary schl years. The grand stry f time was tld in brken Greek sculptures, figures whse amazingly detailed limestne carvings were ften missing arms and heads t the brittle ravages (无情的破坏) f time. We explred the patterns f the Medieval era and the early Renaissance religius symblism f Michelangel and Btticelli. We analyzed the mustard (芥末黄) and chiarscur (明暗对比) glare f the Barque paintings f Caravaggi and El Grec, and we were amazed by the sandcastle-naturalism f the Spanish architect Gaudi. The histry f art has fascinated me ever since.
I never had a talent fr art myself, but I always did have a well-grunded appreciatin fr thse wh did . In primary schl, we explred art thrugh music and painting classes; but nce we entered secndary schl, art was an elective curse and quickly limited t the dustbins f my memry. It was nly after that humble art histry class that I realized what I had been missing.
I strngly believe that a well-runded sciety needs everyne t have an early educatin in the arts. A healthy sciety needs all its members t pen their eyes — and their minds — s that they can learn what is true and beautiful, just as the famus Greek philspher Plat said, “The reflectin f beauty causes the sul t grw wings”.
13．What is the meaning f the underlined phrase in the first paragraph?
A．The authr gt lst in the art histry class due t the cnfusin.
B．The authr was starting t figure ut the exact academic path.
C．The authr was starting t learn t appreciate art.
D．The authr wet his feet because f carelessness.
14．Why did the authr mentin the prfessr?
A．T shw his lve fr Greek sculptures.
B．T shw the beginning f his lve fr art.
C．T tell readers the prfessr’s lve fr grand stries.
D．T tell readers what the Renaissance religius symblism is.
15．What is the authr’s attitude twards art educatin?
A．Unclear.B．Supprtive.C．Oppsed.D．Dubtful.
16．What is the purpse f the passage?
A．T advcate the ppularity f art histry.
B．T prpse a change in the educatin f art histry.
C．T urge peple t explre mre art classes in an early age.
D．T aruse peple’s awareness f the imprtance f early art educatin.
Passage 05
（24-25高一下·广西南宁·开学考试）At six ’clck sharp the curtain rises at Suthside Cultural Center, in Ren. Tw hundred audience members, including the mayr f Ren, lk t the stage. Dzens f actrs break ut int the first number f The Lin King.
But this is nt yur typical prductin. The gifted cast is made up f hmeless children living at the Vlunteers f America family shelter in Ren. The children have been given a chance t live their dreams nstage, thanks t vlunteer acting cach Nasya Mancini. “I see s much f myself in these kids,” says Nasya. “I tell them their current circumstance desn’t have t be their destiny (命运). If they are determined,they can d anything they want.”
Determinatin is smething Nasya knws all abut. She was brn prematurely and was given little chance f survival. But Nasya kept fighting. Her very name means “miracle” in Hebrew. Nasya was small,but quickly prved that her talents were as big as her will t survive. She started dancing at tw. By six she’ d been sptted by an acting cach, wh encuraged her parents t enrll her in drama classes. “There was smething abut being nstage,” Nasya says. “It made my spirit cme alive.” She decided that she was ging t be an actr.
Hwever, her enthusiasm didn’t sit well with sme f her schlmates. They teased her, “Yu’re a shrimp. Yu’re nt even pretty.” Nasya came hme in tears. Her mther hugged her and tld her t ignre it.By high schl, Nasya was winning awards in theater cmpetitins. She als prvided cmmunity service by teaching drama t the children at the shelter. Nasya wanted the kids at the shelter t discver the cnfidence that acting culd give. The best way t d that, she decided, was t put n a big play.
The prductin was a hit. The kids tk several curtain calls. Dnatins t the shelter rlled in. Nasya reminds the kids f smething she knws with every part f her spirit t be true: “Believe in yurself. The wrld is yur stage.”
17．What was special abut the play The Lin King?
A．It was perfrmed by hmeless kids.B．It was starred by Nasya Mancini.
C．It was staged at the lcal shelter.D．It was funded by the mayr f Ren.
18．Which f the fllwing best describes Nasya?
A．Creative and mdest.B．Cnfident and demanding.
C．Determined and humrus.D．Talented and caring.
19．Why did Nasya decide t put n the play?
A．T cmplete her cmmunity service.B．T build the kids’ cnfidence.
C．T win a lcal theater cmpetitin.D．T cllect public dnatins.
20．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Vlunteers Make a Difference.B．Rising frm Shelter t Stage.
C．Sharing Her Dream with Hmeless Teens.D．The Lin King Is Raring Back.
Passage 06
（24-25高一下·江西宜春·开学考试）It was January in Kansas. The snwstrm hit, cutting ff ur pwer. S, thugh it was arund nn, we were put int darkness. N televisin, n heat, n light. This was back in the days when peple had nly radis t listen t.
Granddad Charlie gathered up his winter cat, scarf, and glves, and disappeared int the snw. A few minutes later, he returned, with wd under his arms. Lking at my brther and me, he said. “Cme n, bys. Time t build a fire.”
But the curisity fr the fire wasn’t enugh t keep the attentin f a 7-year-ld by and a 5-year-ld by, and we were sn annying Grandpa repeatedly as t what was next. “There’s n TV, Grandpa,” I cmplained, “What are we ging t d?”
“Let’s g camping.” Grandpa answered.
We ran upstairs t get ur sleeping bags, pillws, and stuffed animals back (毛绒玩具靠背). When we returned, Grandpa had rearranged the furniture, clearing an pen space in frnt f the fire. In shrt rder, we had a fine campgrund.
“Nw then,” Grandpa began, pening a strange-lking game bard, “wh’s up fr a little game f checkers?”
Fr the next hur r s, Grandpa taught us n the fine art f placing checkers. I became a fair player after lsing fur games in a rw. Then, surprisingly, I beat Grandpa. When I asked him if he had let me win, he merely smile.
Checkers was sn fllwed up with hangman. Afterward, Grandpa fund his ld, weathered guitar and sang us sme campfire sngs, the wrds t which my brther and I did nt knw but t which we sang alng.
And right then, smething terrible happened. The pwer came back n.
Mm and Dad gave a cheer. But fr my brther and me, it was the end f a grand adventure. We std there, speechless. Grandpa lked at us, smiled, and then slwly, he walked acrss the rm and turned the light ff.
21．What can we knw frm the first 3 paragraphs?
A．The children were curius abut building the fire.
B．The children were excited abut the pwer failure.
C．The children didn’t like the fire and went camping.
D．The stry happened n a cld winter snw evening.
22．Why did Grandpa turn ff the light at last?
A．T create a sense f hliday.B．T keep a camp atmsphere.
C．T save as much energy as he can.D．T remind the family t g t bed.
23．Which f the fllwing best describes Grandpa?
A．Imaginative and brave.B．Experienced and generus.
C．Intelligent and curius.D．Caring and understanding.
24．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．An Unfrgettable campingB．Our Harmnius Family
C．Our Respectable GrandpaD．A Terrible Snwstrm
Passage 07
（24-25高一下·河南·开学考试）David Rush brke his 181st recrd, giving him a new kind f recrd — the recrd fr the mst Guinness Wrld Recrds held at the same time. Rush, wh’s 40, began wrking t set wrld recrds t shw hw imprtant it is t keep ding ur best and push ur wn limits, even when things are hard.
In 2015, Rush decided t set a recrd by juggling (玩杂耍) with his eyes cvered. After practicing fr several weeks, Rush managed t juggle blindflded fr 6 minutes and 34 secnds. That was Rush’s first Guinness Wrld Recrd. He even brke this recrd twice in a rw (连续). Rush enjys the hard wrk f training t break recrds, during which he finds it helps him stay in shape, and that it’s fun t try new things. Many f the recrds Rush sets are unusual. He’s balanced 101 rlls f tilet paper n his head. He’s caught 59 marshmallws (棉花软糖) in his muth in ne minute.
Rush’s family supprts him in his effrts. His three children enjy practicing with him. In 2021, his wife allwed Rush t wrap (用……包裹) her in plastic wrap t set a new recrd. Mst f Rush’s recrds get set at his hme, with vlunteers helping ut, carefully recrding the event.
But Rush’s main jb is giving encuraging speeches at businesses and schls. Technlgy is very imprtant in tday’s wrld, and that makes him a big fan f STEM (Science, Technlgy, Engineering, and Math) in educatin. He wants students t believe that even if they struggle with science r math, they can still becme an engineer r anything they want t becme.
In all, Rush has brken ver 300 Guinness Wrld Recrds, but many f these recrds have been brken again. He visited the main ffice f Guinness Wrld Recrds in Lndn, England. During his visit, he set 15 wrld recrds in a single day.
25．What mainly drives Rush t set recrds?
A．His curisity abut new things.
B．His gal t win mst wrld titles.
C．His preference fr blindflded juggling.
D．His determinatin t challenge himself.
26．What d we knw abut Rush’s Guinness Wrld Recrds?
A．He brke his wn recrd in blindflded juggling.
B．He failed in balancing tilet paper rlls n his head.
C．He first set a recrd in wrapping his kids in plastic wrap.
D．He set tw recrds in catching marshmallws in his muth.
27．What message des Rush express in his speeches at schls and businesses?
A．The necessity f physical fitness.
B．The imprtance f becming famus.
C．His encuragement t g after dreams.
D．His dissatisfactin with breaking recrds.
28．Which can be the mst suitable title fr the text?
A．Hlding a Wrld Recrd by Chance.
B．Setting a Recrd by Setting Recrds.
C．The Jurney f a Recrd-breaking Family.
D．The Science Behind Guinness Wrld Recrds.
Passage 08
（24-25高一下·河北张家口·开学考试）Scientists have cme up with an unusual idea fr hw t slve glbal warming - cl the Earth by putting ice int the upper atmsphere (大气层) t make it drier.
Water vapur (水汽) is a natural greenhuse gas that traps heat. Researchers at the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin (NOAA) and NASA believe that if they add ice up high in the air, it culd dry ut the upper atmsphere and reduce its ability t trap human-caused warmth.
S far, it’s just an early idea that scientists culd add t their last tlbx against climate change, said NOAA physicist Dr Jshua Schwarz, lead authr f the study published in scientific jurnal Science Advances. “This is abut explring what might be pssible in the future and identifying research directins,” he said, explaining scientists didn’t have the technlgy t put the idea int practice yet.
The means is ne f a few suggested by scientists that aim t reduce the effect f climate change by mending the wrld’s atmsphere. The way it culd pssibly wrk is that hi-tech planes culd put ice particles abut 17km high, where the air slwly rises. The researchers believe that the ice and cld air wuld rise t where it’s cldest, making the water vapur turn t ice and fall, drying ut the stratsphere (平流层) in the prcess.
Putting tw tns f ice per week culd reduce glbal heating by abut five percent f the warming caused by fssil fuels. But researchers were unsure hw they wuld put the ice and whether the practice culd cause side-effects.
29．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Scientists slved glbal warming.
B．Scientists fund the causes f glbal warming.
C．Scientists gt t knw the result f glbal warming.
D．Scientists thught f a pssible way t slve glbal warming.
30．What can we learn frm paragraph 4?
A．The air at a height f 17km rises fast.B．This is the nly way scientists advised.
C．Advance in plane can make the ideas pssible.D．The means is supprted by few scientists.
31．What stps scientists frm carrying ut the idea?
A．They dn’t have enugh mney.B．They are nt allwed by the law.
C．They are faced with extreme climate.D．They haven’t fund the way t put the ice.
32．Where is the text mst likely frm?
A．A newspaper.B．A ntebk.C．A science fictin.D．A textbk.
Passage 09
（24-25高一上·山东滨州·期末）Once plentiful arund the wrld, the number f peregrine falcns (游隼) began t fall after Wrld War II with the intrductin f pesticides like dieldrin, aldrin and DDT. Dieldrin and aldrin killed the birds directly, while DDT weakened chicks eggshells, lwering their chances f survival. In the US, the falcns’ number reached a lw pint f 324 pairs in 1974 - a sharp decline frm mre than 3,800 pairs befre the mid-20th century.
Peregrine falcns were placed n the endangered species list in 1970. The US Envirnmental Prtectin Agency banned (禁止) the use f DDT in 1972. Tw years later, the agency banned mst use f aldrin and dieldrin, with an exceptin fr white ant cntrl.
Befre lng, the bans wrked. Fur climbers made a surprising discvery while climbing Ysemite’s EI Capitan in 1978: an active peregrine falcn nest, which had nt been seen in the area fr decades. They reprted their find t the Santa Cruz Predatry Bird Research Grup, wh quickly tk actin. They came up with an ambitius plan and asked the climbers if they wanted t help. At their request, the climbers nce again climbed EI Capitan, but this time, they cllected samples f eggs frm the nest and brught them back dwn fr testing. The eggs were delicate and thin, s researchers decided t incubate (孵化) them in a lab, and then rck climbers risked their lives returning the chicks t the nest.
Peregrine falcns were remved frm the endangered species list in 1999. As many as 40,000 individuals may nw be flying freely in Nrth America. Withut the cperatin f climbers, peregrine falcns might still be struggling t gain a fthld in Ysemite. Instead, the birds’ recvery is a rare success stry where humans priritized the needs f ther species abve their wn.
33．What caused the drp in the number f peregrine falcns?
A．Wrld War II.B．The chemicals.C．City develpment.D．Air pllutin.
34．Hw did the climbers help the Bird Research Grup?
A．They carried the eggs back fr testing.B．They reprted their finding t peple.
C．They fund the nest in the EI Capitan.D．They risked their lives prtecting eggs.
35．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Peregrine falcns are lking fr their hmes.
B．Peple rarely put their wn needs in the first place.
C．Peple have helped Peregrine falcns recver successfully.
D．Peregrine falcns are still n the endangered species list nw.
36．Where can we prbably read the passage?
A．A news reprt.B．A research paper.C．A travel leaflet.D．A nature magazine.
Passage 10
（24-25高一下·辽宁抚顺·开学考试）February 9, Sunday f 2025, was nt a hliday in the US, but it might seem like ne t Americans. Many were attending parties t watch Super Bwl LIX f this year. The Super Bwl is the champinship game f prfessinal American ftball held by the Natinal Ftball League (联赛), r NFL, which has 32 teams mainly based in large cities acrss the US.
The first prfessinal league was frmed in 1920,when players f fur teams met in Cantn, Ohi. The grup first called itself the American Prfessinal Ftball Assciatin but changed the name tw years later t the Natinal Ftball League.
In 1960, a Texas businessman pushed the effrt t create the American Ftball League, r AFL. The tw leagues cmpeted with each ther t sign tp ftball players frm universities arund the cuntry.
In 1965, established NFL players began negtiating (谈判) t play fr the cmpeting league, AFL. S, fficials f the tw leagues decided t wrk tgether. This agreement established a champinship game between the tw leagues. It was fficially called the AFLNFL Wrld Champinship Game but became knwn as the Super Bwl.
The first Super Bwl was played in 1967 in Ls Angeles, Califrnia. The Green Bay Packers defeated (战胜) the Kansas City Chiefs. It was far frm an exciting game. Many f the seats in the sprts center were vacant. That changed with the Super Bwl played tw years later. Experts say the public finally accepted the new league when the New Yrk Jets defeated the Baltimre Clts.
After that game in 1969, fficials f the tw leagues decided t create a new Natinal Ftball League. They divided the teams int tw cmpeting cnferences (体育协会), the American Cnference, r AFC, and the Natinal Cnference, NFC． Each year, the cnference champins play in the Super Bwl.
Tday, the Super Bwl is a majr sprting event, attracting tens f thusands f peple arund the glbe.
37．Why was February 9, Sunday f 2025 imprtant fr many Americans?
A．It was a natinal hliday.
B．It was the day f the Super Bwl.
C．It marked the start f the NFL seasn.
D．It was the date f the NFL’s funding.
38．What led t the creatin f the Super Bwl?
A．The cmpetitin between NFL and AFL fr tp players.
B．The wish fr making new rules fr champinship game.
C．The need t attract fans t prfessinal ftball games.
D．The decisin t jin the NFL and AFL int ne league.
39．What des the underlined wrd “vacant” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Taken.B．Bked.C．Empty.D．Adaptable.
40．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Hw the Super Bwl Became a Big Deal
B．The Rise f Prfessinal Ftball in the US
C．Hw the NFL and AFL Changed Sprts Frever
D．The Develpment f American Ftball Leagues
Passage 11
（24-25高一下·甘肃兰州·开学考试）In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has becme a buzzwrd in the glbal tech cmmunity. It is a branch f cmputer science that aims t create systems capable f perfrming tasks that wuld nrmally require human intelligence. These tasks include learning, reasning, prblem-slving, perceptin, and language understanding.
AI can be divided int tw main categries: Narrw AI and General AI. Narrw AI is designed t perfrm a specific task, such as vice recgnitin r image analysis. It is the type f AI that pwers virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa. General AI, n the ther hand, is a mre advanced frm f AI that can understand, learn, and apply knwledge acrss a brad range f tasks at a human level. This type f AI is still in the develpment stage and is the fcus f much research.
The applicatins f AI are vast and varied. In the medical field, AI is used t analyze medical images, predict disease utbreaks, and assist in drug discvery. In the transprtatin sectr, AI pwers self-driving cars, which have the ptential t reduce traffic accidents and imprve transprtatin efficiency. In the educatin field, AI can prvide persnalized learning experiences fr students by analyzing their learning patterns and adjusting the cntent accrdingly.
Hwever, the rise f AI als brings sme challenges. One f the mst significant cncerns is the ptential lss f jbs. As AI systems becme mre capable, they may replace human wrkers in certain industries. There are als ethical issues related t AI, such as the use f AI in surveillance (监视), the ptential fr AI t be used in weapns, and the questin f wh is respnsible when an AI system makes a mistake.
Despite these challenges, the future f AI is bright. Many experts believe that AI will lead t significant imprvements in ur quality f life and will help slve sme f the wrld’s mst pressing prblems. As we cntinue t develp and refine AI technlgies, it is imprtant t cnsider bth the benefits and the risks, and t ensure that AI is used in a way that benefits all f humanity.
41．What is the main gal f Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
A．T replace human intelligence.
B．T create systems that can perfrm tasks requiring human intelligence.
C．T make cmputers faster than humans.
D．T prvide entertainment thrugh virtual assistants.
42．Which f the fllwing is an example f Narrw AI?
A．A self-driving car that can navigate cmplex traffic cnditins.
B．A virtual assistant that can answer specific questins.
C．A system that can understand and slve any prblem like a human.
D．A rbt that can perfrm surgery.
43．What is ne f the majr challenges assciated with the rise f AI?
A．Increased efficiency in transprtatin.
B．The ptential fr jb displacement.
C．Imprved accuracy in medical diagnstics.
D．Enhanced educatinal experiences.
44．What is the future utlk fr AI accrding t the passage?
A．It will lead t significant imprvements in quality f life.
B．It will cause mre prblems than it slves.
C．It will replace all human jbs.
D．It will nly be used in the medical field.
Passage 12
（24-25高一下·河南郑州·开学考试）The wrd is an imprtant building blck fr understanding spken language. When a persn hears a wrd, the brain will cnsider hundreds, if nt thusands, f pssibilities and rule ut mst f them in less than a secnd.
McMurray has been studying wrd recgnitin in children and in lder adults fr many years. His research has shwn differences in hw peple acrss all ages recgnize spken language. But thse differences were s small and this made it difficult t categrize (分类). S, McMurmy and his research team turned t peple wh use cchlear implants, tls used by the deaf r severely hard-f-hearing.
The experiments shwed that the cchlear-implant users — even with a different way t hear — used the same basic prcess when chsing spken wrds as nrmal hearing peple. The researchers termed three wrd-recgnitin dimensins (维度): Wait and See; Sustained Activatin; Slw Activatin.
Mst cchlear-implant participants (参与者) used Wait and See t sme degree, the researchers fund, meaning they waited fr as much as a quarter f a secnd after hearing the wrd t firmly decide which wrd they heard.
The researchers als learned that sme cchlear-implant participants chse Sustained Activatin, in which listeners struggled fr a bit between wrds befre settling n what they thught was the wrd they heard, r they used Slw Activatin, meaning they were slwer t recgnize wrds. Imprtantly, every listener seemed t use a cmbinatin (组合), with a different degree f each methd.
The dimensins match the patterns by which peple withut hearing prblems, frm yuth t lder ages, recgnize wrds, as was shwn in a study carried ut by McMurray’s team befre.
The researchers nw hpe t use the findings t develp methds that may help peple wh are at the extreme ends f a particular wrd-recgnitin dimensin. Abut 15% f adults in the United States have hearing lss, which culd lead t sme prblems, such as cgnitive decline, fewer scial interactins, and greater islatin.
“We aim t help them in a mre crrect way than simply asking them, ‘Hw well are yu listening; d yu struggle t understand speech in the real wrld?’ ” McMurray says.
45．Why did the researchers study cchlear-implant users?
A．T grup their way f wrd recgnitin.B．T teach them t understand spken language.
C．T find why they rule ut mst f wrds they hear.D．T judge whether they can get crrect wrds.
46．What can we knw abut cchlear-implant users?
A．They use a cmbinatin f different dimensins fr wrd recgnitin.
B．The prcess f their wrd recgnitin is different frm that f nrmal peple.
C．Mst f them like t use Slw Activatin fr wrd recgnitin.
D．They are smetimes faster at recgnizing wrds than nrmal peple.
47．What will the findings be used fr?
A．Understanding the hearing prblems in the elderly.
B．Helping peple with wrd-recgnitin difficulties.
C．Develping new teaching methds fr deaf children.
D．Imprving the design f cchlear implants fr better hearing.
48．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．The Wrd-Recgnitin Dimensins.B．Basic Methds f Recgnizing Wrds.
C．Advantages f Using Cchlear Implants.D．Differences in Recgnizing Spken Language.
Passage 13
（24-25高一下·广东·开学考试）Zs divide pinin: there are thse wh think it is cruel t keep animals lcked up while thers believe zs are essential fr the survival f endangered species.
T argue that zs imprisn animals is t misunderstand what zs are abut. Withut zs many f the creatures we lve and admire wuld n lnger exist. Every single day, ver ne hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 ne quarter f the Earth’s species will becme extinct.
Sme animals are in danger because they are hunted. Alarmingly, the ppulatin f tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. Other species are in danger because f a lack f fd. Fr example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.
Zs have special breeding prgrammes t help thse animals at risk. These breeding prgrammes are prving extremely successful. As Irene Shapir frm Z and Wildlife Supprt says, “the Puert Rican Parrt has grwn in numbers frm just thirteen t abut eighty-five and the Glden Lin Tamarin Mnkey, which has almst ceased (停止) t exist twenty years ag, has been reintrduced back int the wild.”
Unfrtunately, nt everyne understands this imprtant rle zs play. Fr example, Brian Featherstne frm the Anti-Z Frum says, “I can’t believe we take animals frm the wild and put them in cages fr the entertainment f the public! We shuld view them n film r TV in their natural envirnment.”
Hwever, this misses the pint. A z des mre than display animals t the public. It ensures their survival. Withut zs yu wuld nt be able t see many f these animals n TV r anywhere else!
49．What’s the writer’s attitude twards zs?
A．He shws n pinin either fr r against them.
B．He thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel.
C．He believes they play an imprtant envirnmental rle.
D．He expresses a desire that mre f them be built.
50．The underlined wrd “vanish” in Paragraph 2 mst prbably means _______.
A．remainB．disappearC．becme rarerD．get killed
51．Accrding t the passage the wrld’s tiger ppulatin _______.
A．will rise by 5% next yearB．is relatively stable
C．is 95% smaller than in the pastD．has fallen t 95%
52．Accrding t the writer, the mst imprtant functin f the z is t _______.
A．make a lt f mneyB．entertain visitrs
C．ensure animals’ survivalD．educate the public
Passage 14
（24-25高一下·河南·开学考试）Fake reviews (虚假评论) are fund acrss a wide range f ppular shpping websites. These reviews are ften traded between fake review dealers and businesses willing t pay. Smetimes, businesses get gd reviews in exchange fr ffering buyers rewards (奖励) such as gift cards. But AI tls allw peple t prduce reviews faster and in greater numbers, technlgy industry experts say.
The Transparency Cmpany is a technlgy cmpany and public prtectin grup that uses sftware t discver fake reviews. Fr a recent reprt, the cmpany examined 73 millin reviews in three areas: hme, legal and medical services. Nearly 14 percent f the reviews were likely fake. The cmpany expressed a “high degree f cnfidence” that 2．3 millin reviews were partly r ttally AI-prduced.
The Federal Trade Cmmissin（FTC）, which banned (明令禁止) the trade f fake reviews in 2024, said these reviews were fr businesses like garage dr fixers and sellers f fake designer bags. Last September, FTC tk legal actin against an AI writing tl and cntent prducer, accusing the cmpany f ffering a service that culd pllute the marketplace with fake reviews.
Several majr tech cmpanies are develping plicies fr hw AI-prduced cntent fits int their systems fr remving fake reviews n their shpping websites. Sme cmpanies already use special prgrams and teams t blck r remve a large number f dubtful reviews and accunts.
Kay Dean, wh runs a public prtectin grup called Fake Review Watch, said, “If these tech cmpanies are s devted t remving fake reviews n their platfrms, why can I find hundreds r even thusands f fake reviews n any given day?”
The Calitin fr Trusted Reviews, an rganizatin set up by sme big shpping websites in 2023, said that even thugh peple may put AI t illegal use, the technlgy culd als present “an pprtunity t push back against thse wh want t use reviews t mislead thers”.
53．What des the first paragraph intend t shw?
A．Why shpping websites reward.
B．Hw fake reviews cme int being.
C．Hw businesses discver fake reviews.
D．Why fake review dealers want fake reviews.
54．Hw is paragraph 2 develped?
A．By cmparing facts.B．By prviding examples.
C．By listing numbers.D．By explaining reasns.
55．What is Kay Dean’s attitude t sme majr tech cmpanies’ effrts?
A．Grateful.B．Dissatisfied.C．Uncaring.D．Inspired.
56．What des Calitin fr Trusted Reviews want t express in the last paragraph?
A．AI has tw sides in managing fake reviews.
B．AI will ttally remve fake reviews ne day.
C．AI is nt advanced enugh t affect reviews.
D．AI shuld be banned frm review platfrms.
Passage 15
（24-25高一下·山东聊城·开学考试）A recent reprt frm a United Natins grup warns that using technlgy in classes may nt help as much as many peple believe. It says that technlgy can be helpful, but it shuldn’t be the fcus. Instead, technlgy shuld be used t supprt learning. “T much attentin n technlgy in educatin usually cmes at a high cst, ” the reprt says.
Technlgy changes s fast that it’s hard t study hw it really influences students.The new reprt says that many f the studies shwing that technlgy helps students cme frm rich cuntries and that sme f the studies supprting technlgy cme frm cmpanies that sell technlgy t schls.
As classes mved nline, the use f technlgy in educatin grew even mre quickly. Many students were frced t study at hme, using vide calls t cmmunicate with their teachers. But the reprt pints ut that arund 500 millin students were unable t take part in nline classes. That’s a larger prblem. Peple and cuntries with less mney are ften left ut.
It is true that technlgy can help in many ways, like allwing students t learn in mre interesting ways, helping teachers explain difficult ideas and helping students with special needs.But it can als be very distracting (分散注意力的). When students use phnes in class, it can disturb (扰乱) their learning. One study that was carried ut in 14 cuntries shwed that even just having a smartphne nearby can be distracting. Even s, nly less than 25% f the wrld’s cuntries dn’t allw students t use phnes in schls.
The reprt suggests that the best way t learn is still t wrk clsely with teachers.Wrking with ther classmates als helps students learn.Mst schls shuld spend mre mney n things like bks, classrms, and teachers.
57．What is the gal f the new UN reprt?
A．T stress the imprtance f digital technlgy.
B．T imprve hw technlgy is used in educatin.
C．T encurage mre schls t use technlgy in class.
D．T pay mre attentin t the develpment f technlgy.
58．What is a relatively bigger prblem fr nline class?
A．Students cannt fully fcus their attentin.
B．The Internet speed is much slwer in many hmes.
C．Schls have t spend extra mney n the Internet.
D．The advantages f technlgy fail t be shared fairly.
59．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the text?
A．A recent UN reprt says that technlgy shuld nt be used in classrms.
B．One study shwed that ver a quarter f the wrld’s cuntries mustn’t use phnes in schls.
C．The UN reprt says that the best way t learn is wrking with teachers instead f wrking with classmates.
D．Technlgy can have influence bth in gd and bad ways.
60．What is the best title f the text?
A．A UN Grup Calls fr Limit n Technlgy in Schls
B．Cuntries Wrk Tgether t Imprve Educatin
C．Technlgy Plays an Imprtant Rle in Our Life
D．Smartphnes Help Students a Lt in Online Learning
考点（一）
阅读理解题型解法
考点（二）
阅读理解长难句拆解技巧
考点（三）
阅读理解避坑指南秘诀
考点（四）
阅读理解题易错点及应对指南
考点（五）
阅读理解提分解题策略
考点（六）
阅读理解实战模拟精炼