专题08 阅读理解七选五（全国通用）-【好题汇编】2025年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份专题08 阅读理解七选五（全国通用）-【好题汇编】2025年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编（原卷版+解析版），文件包含专题08阅读理解七选五全国通用原卷版docx、专题08阅读理解七选五全国通用解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共49页， 欢迎下载使用。
Passage 1
（2025年全国一卷）An Unsung Her
Need a break between classes r just a quick pick-me-up in the mrning? The Cllege Cafe has just that, and mre. _____36_____
Catherine Murphy, a cafe wrker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each custmer gets exactly what they rder. She ges back and frth between machines t make the drinks. _____37_____ As the custmer grabs the drink frm her hand, she smiles and says, “Hell, hw is yur day?” Even when the line is getting lnger, she desn’t let it get in the way f her genuine cnversatins.
Murphy gets up at a quarter t five and drives thirty minutes every day t get t wrk n time. _____38_____ “I d s because I like t make cffee fr the students. I knw they need it in the mrning,” Murphy said. Being a mther and wife has helped her becme the wman she is. She believes she is here t serve.
One thing Murphy may nt knw is that her smile is cntagius (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having befre seeing her. Janna Wright, a senir plitical science majr, lves cffee and ges t the cafe at least six days a week. _____39____ “Catherine always has a huge smile n her face, which always puts me in a cheerful md,” Wright said.
“I enjy wrking in the cafe,” Murphy said. _____40_____ She has every intentin f staying and cntinuing ding what she lves.
A. The cafe clses at 9 pm every day.
B. She has tw children aged eight and fur.
C Smetimes she arrives early t serve the students early.
D. After finishing an rder, she calls ut the name n the cup.
E. Nt nly des this cafe serve up drinks, it als serves up smiles.
F. Ging t the cafe starts her day ff gd and gets her ready fr class.
G. She has served here fr 17 years and can’t imagine wrking anywhere else.
【答案】36. E 37. D 38. C 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳·墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Need a break between classes r just a quick pick-me-up in the mrning? The Cllege Cafe has just that, and mre. (课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出咖啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E选项“Nt nly des this cafe serve up drinks, it als serves up smiles. (这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”通过“Nt ”结构，既承接“drinks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“She ges back and frth between machines t make the drinks. (她在机器之间来回制作饮品。)”及下文“As the custmer grabs the drink frm her hand, she smiles and says, “Hell, hw is yur day?” Even when the line is getting lnger, she desn’t let it get in the way f her genuine cnversatins. (当顾客从她手中接过饮品时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么样？”即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这影响到她真诚的交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节。D选项“After finishing an rder, she calls ut the name n the cup. (完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“finishing an rder”衔接“make the drinks”，“calls ut the name”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流程。故选D项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Murphy gets up at a quarter t five and drives thirty minutes every day t get t wrk n time. (墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“I d s because I like t make cffee fr the students. (我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。C选项“Smetimes she arrives early t serve the students early. (有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”中的“arrives early”补充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，“serve the students early”呼应“like t make cffee fr the students”，展现其敬业精神。故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Janna Wright, a senir plitical science majr, lves cffee and ges t the cafe at least six days a week. (乔安娜・赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文““Catherine always has a huge smile n her face, which always puts me in a cheerful md,” Wright said. (赖特说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F选项“Ging t the cafe starts her day ff gd and gets her ready fr class. (去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做好准备。)”中的“starts her day ff gd”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“cheerful md”与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。故选F项。
【40题详解】
根据下文“She has every intentin f staying and cntinuing ding what she lves. (她完全打算留下来，继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G选项“She has served here fr 17 years and can’t imagine wrking anywhere else. (她已经在这里服务了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的“17 years”凸显服务年限之长，“can’t imagine wrking anywhere else”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与“staying”形成直接呼应。故选G项。
Passage 2
（2025年全国二卷）Unexpected Benefits f Vlunteering as a Family
Are yu lking fr a way t bring yur family tgether? Hping t find a hbby that can be shared by bth the little nes and adults? ___16___ Yu may knw the “feel-gd” emtins that cme with helping thers, but there are even mre unexpected ways vlunteering will psitively affect the whle family.
●Yu’ll feel like yu have mre time.
Peple ften feel they are t busy t vlunteer. Yet, research has fund that giving yur time t cmmunity causes actually makes yu feel like yu have mre f it. ___17___
●Yu can live lnger if yu vlunteer regularly.
___18___ Washingtn University fund that adults 55 and lder wh vlunteered had better memry and maintained verall health lnger than thers their age. Vlunteers are als mre likely t lk after their wn health and are mre fcused n adding physical activity int their lives.
● ___19___
Vlunteering during teenage years has been linked t sme majr psitive effects such as imprved grades and increased self-cnfidence. These effects aren’t just shrt-term but have been prved t affect a teen’s well-being in the years t cme.
●Yu’ll have mre time with family.
Families wh vlunteer tgether have the unique experience f wrking tward a cmmn gal. ___20___ Everyne brings smething unique t the table and can cnnect with each ther in a new way. And, there are tasks fr every age and ability, s all yur children can feel prud f their wrk.
A. Helping the cmmunity lwers rates f depressin.
B. Vlunteering as a family may be just the thing yu need.
C. Vlunteering has a lifelng effect n kids and teenagers.
D. Vlunteering can be the first step in breaking dwn prejudice.
E. Fr adults, vlunteering can prvide significant physical health benefits.
F. Yu may even learn that yur kid has a talent yu didn’t knw abut befre.
G. Vlunteering makes yu feel capable and inspires yu t make the mst f each day.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕、促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Are yu lking fr a way t bring yur family tgether? Hping t find a hbby that can be shared by bth the little nes and adults? (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参与的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B选项“Vlunteering as a family may be just the thing yu need. (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的“Vlunteering as a family”直接回应“bring yur family tgether”和“shared hbby”，引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据段落主题句“Yu’ll feel like yu have mre time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文“Yet, research has fund that giving yur time t cmmunity causes actually makes yu feel like yu have mre f it. (然而，研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因。G选项“Vlunteering makes yu feel capable and inspires yu t make the mst f each day. (志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makes yu feel capable”和“inspires yu t make the mst f each day”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feel like yu have mre time”形成因果关联。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Washingtn University fund that adults 55 and lder wh vlunteered had better memry and maintained verall health lnger than thers their age. (华盛顿大学研究发现，55 岁及以上的成年人中，参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项“Fr adults, vlunteering can prvide significant physical health benefits. (对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“Fr adults”对应“adults 55 and lder”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memry”和“maintained verall health”，与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Vlunteering during teenage years has been linked t sme majr psitive effects such as imprved grades and increased self-cnfidence. These effects aren’t just shrt-term but have been prved t affect teen’s well-being in the years t cme. (青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关，例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健康)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C选项“Vlunteering has a lifelng effect n kids and teenagers. (志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)”中的“lifelng effect”对应“affect teen’s well-being in the years t cme”，“n kids and teenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Families wh vlunteer tgether have the unique experience f wrking tward a cmmn gal. (一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历)”及下文“Everyne brings smething unique t the table and can cnnect with each ther in a new way. (每个人都能带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相互联系)”可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F选项“Yu may even learn that yur kid has talent yu didn’t knw abut befre. (你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)”中的“learn that yur kid has talent”体现“Everyne brings smething unique”，且“in a new way”对应“发现孩子未知天赋”的新颖体验，衔接上下文。故选F项。
Passage 3
（2025年北京卷）What is adulthd? Scieties all ver the wrld view the cncept f an adult as self-supprting and self-directed, because it identifies a pint in the life cycle.
As Alice Black pints ut, tday’s parents’ fear f letting kids d mre husewrk has added t their inability t feel cmpetent and, thus, cnfident in themselves. Psychlgist Rbert Turner wrte abut this in his bk, The Life Cycle, mentining a stage when kids learn self-directin and mastery. ____35____
But Turner’s ther cycles are just as imprtant. ____36____ If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, r denied, yu feel incapable f accessing yur states f self, cntrlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts tgether the fabric f yur inner wrld.
Turner wisely said that “ding well” psychlgically is being able t rll with the flw f emtins, manage them, cmmunicate clearly and well with thers, and master varius skills. This requires an internal lcus (核心) f cntrl, which implies self-cntrl f yur thughts, feelings, and actins. ____37____ Yu’re self-directed and nt reliant n the wrld t tell yu wh yu are. And yu knw wh yu are within all this.
S, being an adult isn’t just hlding a jb. Being an adult is abut having a rted sense f self while being capable f identifying and managing yur emtins and actins. ____38____ We are a scial species, s this is imprtant.
While raising an adult is a parent’s jb, it’s als ur respnsibility as a sciety t ensure that we supprt schls that nurture (培养) emtinal and identity develpment. ____39____
A. It’s als ur jb t supprt adults wh need help repairing incmplete life cycles.
B. They talk abut smene’s inability t supprt themselves thrugh wrk.
C. It’s being able t shw understanding when cmmunicating with thers.
D. In ther wrds, yu’re playing the game f life — life isn’t playing yu.
E. They teach emtinal awareness and management as well as identity.
F. Yu feel like an 18-year ld, especially when playing 80s music.
G. When this stage is denied it creates a sense f insecurity.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. D 38. C 39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成年人方面的责任。
【35题详解】
由上文“As Alice Black pints ut, tday’s parents’ fear f letting kids d mre husewrk has added t their inability t feel cmpetent and, thus, cnfident in themselves. Psychlgist Rbert Turner wrte abut this in his bk, The Life Cycle, mentining a stage when kids learn self-directin and mastery. (正如Alice Black所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Rbert Turner在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G选项“When this stage is denied it creates a sense f insecurity. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。
【36题详解】
由上文“But Turner’s ther cycles are just as imprtant. (但Turner的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文“If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, r denied, yu feel incapable f accessing yur states f self, cntrlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts tgether the fabric f yur inner wrld. (如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E选项“They teach emtinal awareness and management as well as identity. (它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
【37题详解】
由上文“Turner wisely said that “ding well” psychlgically is being able t rll with the flw f emtins, manage them, cmmunicate clearly and well with thers, and master varius skills. This requires an internal lcus (核心) f cntrl, which implies self-cntrl f yur thughts, feelings, and actins. (Turner明智地指出，从心理上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，并掌握各种技能。这需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D选项“In ther wrds, yu’re playing the game f life — life isn’t playing yu. (换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。
【38题详解】
由上文“S, being an adult isn’t just hlding a jb. Being an adult is abut having a rted sense f self while being capable f identifying and managing yur emtins and actins. (所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅是拥有一份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪和行动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C选项“It’s being able t shw understanding when cmmunicating with thers. (它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。
【39题详解】
由上文“While raising an adult is a parent’s jb, it’s als ur respnsibility as a sciety t ensure that we supprt schls that nurture (培养) emtinal and identity develpment. (虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工作，但作为社会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描述社会在培养成年人方面的其他责任。A选项“It’s als ur jb t supprt adults wh need help repairing incmplete life cycles. (支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人。故选A。
Passage 4
（2025年1月浙江卷）One f the mst cmmn mistakes in cmmunicatin is trying t d t much. ____36____ There’s n value in delivering any kind f cmmunicatin, whether written, spken, frmal, r infrmal, if the message desn’t cme acrss clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything yur listeners need t knw — is a high-level cmmunicatin skill.
Here are sme tips wrth fllwing in rder t cmmunicate mre effectively.
Keep yur audience in mind.
Yur audience will naturally be mre interested and engaged when yu tailr yur cmmunicatins t their interests. ____37____ This will engage their desire t understand and interact with the infrmatin.
Dn’t use ten wrds when ne will d.
Even the mst engaged and cmmitted audience will eventually get bred. Keeping yur message simple and clear will make it easier fr peple t understand. ____38____ Hwever, they’re hearing it fr the first time. Keep it simple.
____39____
If yu’ve ever wrked as an instructr, manager, trainer r cach, yu’ll knw that there are few better ways t learn new infrmatin than t teach it. Ask the audience t cntribute their ideas r t take a rle in explaining new cncepts and plicies t thers. Allw them t lead discussins and meetings t develp their cmmunicatin skills.
Cnsider the best methd t deliver yur message.
If the infrmatin yu’re cmmunicating isn’t urgent, cnsider sending an email. Written cmmunicatin will give yur audience mre time t review it, think it ver, and fllw up with questins. ____40____
Building effective cmmunicatin skills takes time but the effects are wrth the effrt.
A. Be patient.
B. Get the audience invlved.
C. The best messages are ften simple.
D. Speak directly t what matters t them.
E. Yu may be surprised by what yur listeners ffer.
F. It will als give them a handy recrd t refer back t.
G. As the speaker, yu already knw what yu’re ging t say.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. G 39. B 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些更有效地进行沟通的技巧。
【36题详解】
上文“One f the mst cmmn mistakes in cmmunicatin is trying t d t much.(沟通中最常见的错误之一就是试图做得太多)”指出“做得太多”是沟通中易犯的错误，C选项“The best messages are ften simple.(最好的信息往往是简单的)”承接上文，明确正确沟通方法，即不要“做得太多”，要避免复杂，追求简单，句中“simple”与上文“t much”形成对比。故选C项。
【37题详解】
上文“Yur audience will naturally be mre interested and engaged when yu tailr yur cmmunicatins t their interests.(当你根据受众的兴趣来调整你的沟通内容时，他们自然会更感兴趣、更投入)”强调要迎合受众兴趣，D选项“Speak directly t what matters t them.(直接谈论对他们重要的事情)”进一步说明了具体做法，即直接针对受众关心的事情进行交流，与上文逻辑一致。故选D项。
【38题详解】
下文“Hwever, they’re hearing it fr the first time.(然而，他们是第一次听到这些)”与设空句之间是转折关系。G选项“As the speaker, yu already knw what yu’re ging t say.(作为演讲者，你已经知道你要说什么了)”与下文构成转折，演讲者自己熟悉内容，但听众是初次接触，同时，句中“what yu’re ging t say”与下文中指示代词“it”构成指代关系，上下文逻辑连贯。故选G项。
【39题详解】
下文“If yu’ve ever wrked as an instructr, manager, trainer r cach, yu’ll knw that there are few better ways t learn new infrmatin than t teach it. Ask the audience t cntribute their ideas r t take a rle in explaining new cncepts and plicies t thers.(如果你曾经当过导师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道，没有比教别人更好的学习新信息的方法了。让听众贡献他们的想法，或者让他们扮演向他人解释新概念和政策的角色)”建议让受众参与其中，B选项“Get the audience invlved.(让受众参与进来)”能概括这部分内容，适合作段首小标题。故选B项。
【40题详解】
上文“If the infrmatin yu’re cmmunicating isn’t urgent, cnsider sending an email. Written cmmunicatin will give yur audience mre time t review it, think it ver, and fllw up with questins.(如果你传达的信息不紧急，考虑发电子邮件。书面沟通会给你的受众更多时间来复习、思考，并跟进提问)”说明了发邮件这种书面沟通的好处，F选项“It will als give them a handy recrd t refer back t.(它还会给他们提供一个方便查阅的记录)”进一步补充了发邮件的另一个好处，与上文逻辑紧密。故选F项。
Passage 1
（2025·广东深圳·5月高考适应性考试）In literature, flat and rund characters ffer distinct appraches t character develpment. Flat characters are defined by a singular symblic characteristic. 16 Fr example, the evil stepmthers in traditinal fairy tales are flat characters, serving t drive the stry with their simplicity.
By cntrast, Jia Bayu in Dream f the Red Chamber exemplifies (举例说明) rund characters, defined by inner cnflicts, cntradictins, and persnal grwth. 17 They reflect the unpredictability f humanity, making them mre relatable and dynamic t readers.
In earlier literary wrks, flat characters ften symblized heric ideals, such as the brave heres in The Odyssey. As sciety mves away frm idealized heres, literature fcuses mre n characters’ persnal struggles, reflecting hw writers began t see humanity in a mre cmplex way. With the rise f realism in the 19th century, rund characters gained ppularity, as seen in Jane Eyre, which allwed fr the explratin f persnal identity and internal cnflict. 18
Hwever, nt every character that appears in a stry needs t be deep. 19 Imagine the main character is taking a taxi t a htel. If we make the taxi driver a rund character, the fcus culd shift frm the main character t the taxi driver, ptentially taking attentin away frm the main plt.
20 They tgether create tensin and richness in a literary wrk. Flat characters prvide clarity and fcus, simplifying themes and making them accessible t readers. Meanwhile, rund characters reveal human cmplexity, shwing life beynd black and white.
A．Neither type f characters is better than the ther.
B．Such characters stand ut fr cmplexity and depth.
C．We dn’t get heartfelt backstry t enrich their rles.
D．If flat characters are rund, they may “steal the shw”.
E．This shws hw literature reflects evlving scial views.
F．Rund characters are mre engaging than flat characters.
G．They are mre like a sptlight, drawing attentin t ne aspect.
【答案】16．G 17．B 18．E 19．D 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了文学作品中扁平人物和圆形人物的特点及作用。
16．上文“Flat characters are defined by a singular symblic characteristic. (扁平人物由单一的象征性特征定义)”解释了扁平人物的定义，空处应进一步说明扁平人物的特点，G选项中They指代上文提及的Flat characters，G选项“它们更像是一个聚光灯，把注意力吸引到一个方面。”解释了扁平人物就像聚光灯一样，只聚焦于一个方面，突出其单一特征，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
17．上文“By cntrast, Jia Bayu in Dream f the Red Chamber exemplifies (举例说明) rund characters, defined by inner cnflicts, cntradictins, and persnal grwth. (相比之下，《红楼梦》中的贾宝玉是圆形人物的典型，以内心的冲突、矛盾和个人成长来定义)”提到圆形人物的特点，空处应进一步阐述圆形人物的这些特点，B选项“这样的人物因其复杂性和深度而脱颖而出。”强调了圆形人物的复杂性和深度，承接上文，符合语境。故选B。
18．上文“With the rise f realism in the 19th century, rund characters gained ppularity, as seen in Jane Eyre, which allwed fr the explratin f persnal identity and internal cnflict. (随着19世纪现实主义的兴起，圆形人物开始流行起来，如《简·爱》所示，这使得对个人身份和内心冲突的探索成为可能)”提到了文学作品中圆形人物的流行以及现实主义的影响，空处应进一步说明这种变化的意义，E选项“这显示了文学如何反映不断变化的社会观点。”指出了文学作品与社会观点之间的关联，承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
19．上文“Hwever, nt every character that appears in a stry needs t be deep. (然而，并不是故事中出现的每个角色都需要有深度)”提出了一个观点，即并非所有角色都需要有深度，空处应进一步解释这一观点，D选项“如果扁平人物变得圆润，他们可能会‘抢镜’。”说明如果扁平人物被描绘得过于复杂，可能会分散读者对主要角色的注意力，引出下文关于角色抢镜的论述“Imagine the main character is taking a taxi t a htel. If we make the taxi driver a rund character, the fcus culd shift frm the main character t the taxi driver, ptentially taking attentin away frm the main plt.(想象一下，主角正在乘出租车去酒店。如果我们把出租车司机变成一个圆形角色，焦点可能会从主角转移到出租车司机身上，从而可能会转移人们对主要情节的注意力)”，如果扁平人物被描绘得过于复杂，可能会分散读者对主要角色的注意力，D选项承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
20．下文“They tgether create tensin and richness in a literary wrk. Flat characters prvide clarity and fcus, simplifying themes and making them accessible t readers. Meanwhile, rund characters reveal human cmplexity, shwing life beynd black and white. (它们共同在文学作品中创造张力和丰富性。扁平人物提供清晰和焦点，简化主题，使读者容易理解。同时，圆形人物揭示人性的复杂性，展现黑白之外的生活)”讨论了扁平人物和圆形人物在文学作品中的共同作用，空处应提出一个概括性的观点，A选项“这两种类型的角色都不比另一种好。”说明扁平人物和圆形人物在文学作品中各有其作用，共同创造张力和丰富性，没有优劣之分，强调了两种角色的平衡和互补性。故选A。
Passage 2
（2025·湖北省武汉市第二中学·二次模拟）We tend t think that ur success is limited because f lack f mney, time, and energy, but this is nt necessarily true. Lack f self-wrth is ften the biggest radblck n ur path t living a fulfilling life. Nt all f us recgnize ur individual wrth and the cntributins we make t the wrld. 16
It might seem natural t measure yur value by yur incme, physical appearance, jb title, r scial media ppularity. 17 Because these aspects f yur life can change at any mment, it’s mre useful t cnsider inner values such as cmpassin, genersity, leadership, respect, and kindness. 18 We all have a self-talk that pints ut ur shrtcmings and failures. Whenever yu begin criticizing yurself, stp and pause fr a minute. Cnsider the virtue f what this vice is telling yu. Is what yu hear an bjective fact? Is it useful and kind? If the answer is n, then this criticism is nt wrth paying attentin t.
Yu alne are respnsible fr yur self-wrth. Regardless f ther peple’s wrds, thughts, and pinins abut yu, yu can still chse hw yu view yurself. 19 Dn’t wait fr peple t cnfirm yur value. Instead, d it with yur internal dialgue and yur actins.
We all mess up smetimes — it’s part f being human. 20 It’s easy t extend kindness and frgiveness t thers, but yu have t d yurself the same favr. There’s n pint in wrrying abut yur mistakes r upsetting ver the nt-s-gd decisins frm the past. Self-cmpassin is abut believing that yu are wrthy f lve regardless f what yu d r fail t d.
A．Dn’t let yur inner critic rule yur thughts.
B．What matters is what yu think abut yurself.
C．All these d nt determine yur value and self-wrth.
D．But when yu d, yu must frgive yurself and let it g.
E．Treat yurself with the lve and care that thers give yu.
F．Hwever, yu can build self-wrth by practicing self-care.
G．Pay attentin t the perceptins abut where yu shuld be.
【答案】16．F 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨自我价值的核心在于内在品质，而非外在条件，并强调自我接纳与自我宽恕的重要性。
16．根据上文“Nt all f us recgnize ur individual wrth and the cntributins we make t the wrld(并非所有人都认识到自己的个人价值和对世界的贡献)”可知，作者指出人们普遍存在对自我价值认知不足的问题。下文需衔接解决这一问题的方向，F项“Hwever, yu can build self-wrth by practicing self-care(然而，你可以通过自我关怀来建立自我价值)”以Hwever转折，提出解决方案，符合逻辑。故选F项。
17．根据上文“It might seem natural t measure yur value by yur incme, physical appearance, jb title, r scial media ppularity(用收入、外貌、职位头衔或社交媒体上的人气度来衡量自身价值，这看似自然而然)”以及下文“Because these aspects f yur life can change at any mment, it’s mre useful t cnsider inner values such as cmpassin, genersity, leadership, respect, and kindness(因为这些生活层面可能随时改变，所以考虑诸如同情心、慷慨、领导力、尊重和善良等内在价值观更为有益)”可知，作者否定外在标准的可靠性。C项“All these d nt determine yur value and self-wrth(所有这些都不能决定你的价值和自我价值)”中的“All these”指代上文的外在因素，明确否定其决定性，承上启下。故选C项。
18．根据下文“We all have a self-talk that pints ut ur shrtcmings and failures(我们都有自我对话，指出自己的缺点和失败)”以及“Whenever yu begin criticizing yurself, stp and pause fr a minute(每当你开始批评自己时，停下来一分钟)”可知，下文说的是要在自我对话到来的时候，停一分钟，可推理出此处说的是不要让内在的批评支配你的思想，A项“Dn’t let yur inner critic rule yur thughts(不要让你内心的批评者支配你的思想)”符合语境。故选A项。
19．根据上文“Yu alne are respnsible fr yur self-wrth. Regardless f ther peple’s wrds, thughts, and pinins abut yu, yu can still chse hw yu view yurself(你自身的价值完全由你自己负责。无论他人对你有何种言论、想法和看法，你依然可以选择如何审视自己)”可知，你自身的价值完全由你自己负责，可推理出此处强调自我认知的主导性。B项“What matters is what yu think abut yurself(重要的是你如何看待自己)”进一步强化“自我看法”的核心地位，故选B项。
20．根据上文“We all mess up smetimes — it’s part f being human(我们都会犯错——这是人性的一部分)”以及下文“It’s easy t extend kindness and frgiveness t thers, but yu have t d yurself the same favr(我们很容易对别人善良和宽恕，但你也必须同样善待自己)”可知，我们都会犯错，所以你要善待自己，可推理出此处说的是当你犯错的时候，要原谅自己，D项“But when yu d, yu must frgive yurself and let it g(但当你犯错时，你必须原谅自己并放下)”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。
Passage 3
（2025·山东省实验中学·二次模拟）Earth Day is celebrated every year n April 22 t remind peple wrldwide t prtect ur planet. It was initially celebrated in 1970 when millins f Americans came tgether t prtest pllutin and envirnmental damage. This first Earth Day led t new envirnmental laws and inspired peple in ver 190 cuntries t take actin. 36
The theme fr Earth Day 2025 is “OUR POWER, OUR PLANET”. This year’s fcus is n renewable energy, with a gal t triple clean electricity wrldwide by 2030. 37 Fr example, schls, businesses and gvernments are encuraged t wrk tgether t decrease carbn emissins, reduce pllutin, and generate green pwer.
Earth Day teaches us that small actins matter. Fr example, planting trees with EARTHDAY. ORG’s Canpy Prject helps fight climate change. 38 D yu knw micr-plastics are nw fund in fd like seafd and tea? Earth Day encurages slutins like reusable bags r nn-pisnus pest cntrl t keep families and pets safe.
39 Schls can rganize envirnmental prtectin-themed classes, where students discuss ways t reduce their envirnmental ftprints in daily life. Educatinal institutins can rganize varius activities t raise peple’s awareness f envirnmental prtectin and inspire them t make better chices, like using slar energy r supprting sustainable businesses.
Earth Day’s message is clear: Our planet’s health depends n us and it requires ur cntinuus effrts. We can start with small actins in ur daily life, such as reducing waste,using public transprtatin, and participating in tree-planting activities. 40
A．Educatin is key t saving the planet.
B．Yur actins tday shape tmrrw’s Earth!
C．It calls fr jint effrts t achieve the target.
D．It encurages everyne t play a rle in prtecting ur planet.
E．Tday, it has becme the wrld’s largest envirnmental mvement.
F．Only by making these small changes can we cntribute t a sustainable future.
G．Aviding plastic, recycling clthes, r using ec-friendly prducts als cunts.
【答案】36．E 37．C 38．G 39．A 40．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。地球日旨在提醒人们保护地球，2025年主题关注可再生能源，强调教育和个人行动重要性，呼吁共同守护地球。
36．由上文“This first Earth Day led t new envirnmental laws and inspired peple in ver 190 cuntries t take actin. (第一个地球日催生了新的环境法，并激励了190多个国家的人们采取行动。)”可知，此处需进一步说明地球日的发展态势，E项Tday, it has becme the wrld’s largest envirnmental mvement. (如今，它已成为世界上最大的环保运动。)中的it指代Earth Day，largest envirnmental mvement直接承接上文“190多个国家参与”的规模描述，突出其从最初的抗议活动发展为全球性环保运动的演变，逻辑上形成“历史起源→现状规模”的递进。故选E项。
37．由上文“with a gal t triple clean electricity wrldwide by 2030. (目标是到2030年全球清洁电力增加两倍。)”可知，此处需衔接实现目标的必要条件，C项It calls fr jint effrts t achieve the target. (它呼吁共同努力以实现这一目标。)中的It指代前文“2025年地球日主题”，jint effrts与后文“schls, businesses and gvernments are encuraged t wrk tgether (鼓励学校、企业和政府合作)”形成具体呼应，明确目标的达成需要多方协同行动，体现“目标→途径”的论证逻辑。故选C项。
38．由上文“Earth Day teaches us that small actins matter. Fr example, planting trees with EARTHDAY. ORG’s Canpy Prject helps fight climate change. (地球日告诉我们，小行动很重要。例如，通过EARTHDAY.ORG的‘树冠计划’植树有助于应对气候变化。)”可知，此处需延续“小行动”的举例，G项Aviding plastic, recycling clthes, r using ec-friendly prducts als cunts. (避免使用塑料、回收衣物或使用环保产品也算在内。)通过als cunts表明这些行为与前文“植树”并列，同属“重要的小行动”范畴，且aviding plastic等例子进一步拓展了环保行动的具体场景，符合“总述→分例”的结构。故选G项。
39．由下文“Schls can rganize envirnmental prtectin-themed classes, where students discuss ways t reduce their envirnmental ftprints in daily life. Educatinal institutins can rganize varius activities t raise peple’s awareness f envirnmental prtectin and inspire them t make better chices, like using slar energy r supprting sustainable businesses. (学校可以组织环保主题课程，让学生讨论日常生活中减少环境足迹的方法。教育机构可以组织各种活动，提高人们的环保意识，激励他们做出更好的选择，比如使用太阳能或支持可持续企业。)”可知，此处需提炼段落核心，A项Educatin is key t saving the planet. (教育是拯救地球的关键。)中的educatin直接概括后文“学校课程”和“教育机构活动”的共同属性，key一词强调教育在环保中的基础性作用，作为段落首句统领全段，形成“观点→例证”的逻辑关系。故选A项。
40．由上文“We can start with small actins in ur daily life, such as reducing waste, using public transprtatin, and participating in tree-planting activities. (我们可以从日常生活中的小行动开始，例如减少浪费、使用公共交通和参加植树活动。)”可知，此处需总结“小行动”与可持续未来的关联，F项Only by making these small changes can we cntribute t a sustainable future. (只有做出这些小改变，我们才能为可持续的未来做出贡献。)通过nly by强调前文“小行动”的必要性，these small changes指代reducing waste等具体行为，sustainable future呼应全文环保目标，形成“做法→结果”的逻辑闭环。故选F项。
Passage 4
（2025·湖南长沙第一中学·一模）Hw t Becme a Mre Effective Listener
Being a gd listener can enrich yur understanding, expand yur capacity fr empathy, and imprve yur cmmunicatin skills. 16 Here are sme practical strategies t imprve yur listening skills.
Maintain apprpriate eye cntact.
When smene is talking t yu, make and hld eye cntact s they knw yu’ re taking in what they’ re saying. 17 Studies shw the ideal amunt f eye cntact is abut 3 secnds at a time; lnger perids f direct eye cntact may make the ther persn uncmfrtable.
Minimize distractins.
Active listening requires full fcus. If yu’ re watching TV r scrlling TikTk while smene is speaking, they’ll likely get the impressin that yu’ re nt really paying attentin — and yu’ll miss key details. 18 This demnstrates respect and engagement. 19
Yu might be a great listener, but yur cnversatin partner may nt realize it if yu dn’t shw them. Ndding nw and again and ffering an “mmhmm” r “I see” can help them knw that yu care. And the ccasinal verbal acknwledgement that yu’ re listening and cmprehending can encurage the ther persn t keep talking.
Ask insightful questins.
Meaningful questins deepen cnversatins and shw genuine interest. 20 This encurages the speaker t reflect and elabrate, making the discussin mre prductive. That’s why we shuld aim t use questins as a means by which the speaker can begin t reach their wn cnclusins abut the issues being raised, withut sunding judgmental r frceful.
A．Read their bdy language.
B．Prvide prper feedback.
C．Put aside any distractins and maintain fcus.
D．Hwever, avid staring at them the whle time.
E．Hwever, mastering this skill requires cnscius effrt.
F．Fr example, inquire abut their perspective r feelings.
G．A gd listener shuld always ffer immediate advice.
【答案】16．E 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何成为更出色的倾听者。
16．根据上文“Being a gd listener can enrich yur understanding, expand yur capacity fr empathy,and imprve yur cmmunicatin skills. (做一个好的倾听者能够丰富你的理解能力，增强你的同理心，并提升你的沟通技巧。)”可知，前文论述倾听的好处，后文“Here are sme practical strategies t imprve yur listening skills. (以下是一些能够提升你听力技能的实用方法。)”引出具体方法， 因此此处需要承上启下的过渡句。故E选项“但要掌握这项技能需要有意识的努力。”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据上文“When smene is talking t yu, make and hld eye cntact s they knw yu’ re taking in what they’ re saying. (当有人与你交谈时，要与对方保持眼神接触，这样他们就能知道你正在认真倾听他们所说的内容。)”可知，前句说“要保持眼神接触”，后句给出“3秒为宜”的研究数据。本句补充注意事项， 与后文“Studies shw the ideal amunt f eye cntact is abut 3 secnds at a time; lnger perids f direct eye cntact may make the ther persn uncmfrtable. (研究表明，理想的目光接触时长约为 3 秒；长时间直接对视可能会让对方感到不适。)”形成递进解释。故D选项“但不要一直盯着他们看。”符合语境，故选D。
18．根据上文“Active listening requires full fcus. If yu’ re watching TV r scrlling TikTk while smene is speaking, they’ll likely get the impressin that yu’ re nt really paying attentin — and yu’ll miss key details. (积极倾听需要全神贯注。如果在有人讲话时你正盯着电视或者在 TikTk 上滑动屏幕，那么对方很可能会觉得你并没有真正认真倾听——而且你还会错过重要的细节。)”可知，前文批评分心行为，此处需解决方法。C选项“Put aside”与前文构成“问题一对策”关系，且“maintain fcus”与段首“requires full fcus”首尾呼应。故C选项“把开小差的念头抛在一边，保持专注。”符合语境，故选C。
19．根据本段内容“Yu might be a great listener, but yur cnversatin partner may nt realize it if yu dn’t shw them. Ndding nw and again and ffering an “mmhmm” r “I see” can help them knw that yu care. And the ccasinal verbal acknwledgement that yu’ re listening and cmprehending can encurage the ther persn t keep talking. (你或许是个出色的倾听者，但如果你不向对方做出示意，那么对方可能不会意识到这一点。时不时地点头，或者说出“嗯嗯”或者“我明白了”之类的话，都能让他们知道你在倾听并理解对方的意思。偶尔用言语表达出你正在倾听并理解对方的意思，还能鼓励对方继续说下去。)”可知，该段具体描述点头、简短回应等行为， B选项准确概括反馈行为(非语言+语言)。故B选项“提供恰当的反馈。”符合语境，故选B。
20．根据上文“Meaningful questins deepen cnversatins and shw genuine interest. (有意义的问题能够深化交流，并展现出真正的兴趣。)”以及后文“This encurages the speaker t reflect and elabrate, making the discussin mre prductive. That’s why we shuld aim t use questins as a means by which the speaker can begin t reach their wn cnclusins abut the issues being raised, withut sunding judgmental r frceful. (这会促使演讲者进行思考并进一步阐述，从而使讨论更具成效。这就是为什么我们应该力求将提问作为一种手段，让演讲者能够开始自行得出关于所提出问题的结论，同时又不会显得带有评判性或过于强硬。)”可知，前句总述“有意义的问题”， 后文具体说“让说话者反思”。F选项“ abut...”作为典型例证，且“perspective r feelings”与后文“reach their wn cnclusins”对应。故F选项“例如，询问他们的看法或感受。”符合语境，故选F。
Passage 5
（2025·广东省深圳·高三下学期第一次调研）Green rfs have been arund fr thusands f years, lng befre mdern husing was develped. Frm the simple grass-cvered rfs abve caves t the famus Hanging Gardens f Babyln, they remained an imprtant part f architecture. 16 They bring enrmus envirnmental benefits and ffer slutins t sme pressing eclgical challenges f ur time.
In the design f a green rf, there are key factrs that cunt. The first step is t install (安装) a prtective layer ver the rf t prevent water damage. 17 It’s essential t chse high-quality materials, as nce the green rf is cmpleted and the building is in use, replacing the prtective layer becmes difficult and expensive.
Next, a drainage (排水) layer, which is ften made f pebbles r a special mat, is placed n tp. It helps water flw ff the rf instead f pling n it. Then, a grwing medium, like sil r ther similar materials, is spread ver the drainage layer. 18
Nw it’s time t chse plants fr the rf. Sme plants have shallw rt systems and dn’t need much water. 19 Sedum and chives are gd examples f such plants. They are nt nly water-efficient but tugh and lng-lasting.
20 It’s imprtant t think abut yur budget. On average, it csts $25 t $30 per square ft t install a green rf. This desn’t include the cst f installing r repairing the nrmal rf underneath. And there is labur cst t cver. If a traditinal rf csts $30 per square ft, installing a green rf culd easily duble that expense.
A．This is where the plants will grw.
B．Hwever, green rfs cme at a high cst.
C．Tday, green rfs are gaining mre attentin.
D．These features make them ideal fr green rfs.
E．As a result, they led t the ppularity f green rfs.
F．Green rf materials can range frm grass t slar panels.
G．The layer als stps plant rts grwing int the rf structure.
【答案】16．C 17．G 18．A 19．D 20．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处及它的建造过程。
16．根据下文“They bring enrmus envirnmental benefits and ffer slutins t sme pressing eclgical challenges f ur time. (它们带来了巨大的环境效益，并为我们这个时代一些紧迫的生态挑战提供了解决方案。)”可知，绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处，C项“如今，绿色屋顶越来越受到人们的关注。”能够引起下文，介绍人们关注绿色屋顶的原因，因为它们来了巨大的环境效益。故选C。
17．根据上文“The first step is t install (安装) a prtective layer ver the rf t prevent water damage. (第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层，以防止水损坏。)”可知，上文告诉我们绿色屋顶的第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层，以防止水损坏，G项“该层还可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。”能够承接上文，介绍了安装保护层的另一个原因，可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。故选G。
18．根据上文“Then, a grwing medium, like sil r ther similar materials, is spread ver the drainage layer. (然后，将土壤或其他类似材料等生长介质铺在排水层上。)”可知，上文告诉我们要在排水层上铺生长介质，A项“这是植物生长的地方。”能够承接上文，土壤或其他类似材料等生长介质是植物生长的地方。故选A。
19．根据上文“Nw it’s time t chse plants fr the rf. Sme plants have shallw rt systems and dn’t need much water. (现在是时候为屋顶选择植物了。有些植物根系较浅，不需要太多的水。)”可知，上文告诉我们为屋顶选择植物时，可以选择根系较浅，不需要太多的水的植物，D项“这些特性使其成为绿色屋顶的理想选择。”能够承接上文，说明根系较浅，不需要太多的水的植物是绿色屋顶的理想选择。故选D。
20．根据下文“t’s imprtant t think abut yur budget. On average, it csts $25 t $30 per square ft t install a green rf. (考虑一下你的预算很重要。平均而言，安装绿色屋顶的成本为每平方英尺25至30美元。)”可知，安装绿色屋顶价格不菲，B项“然而，绿色屋顶的成本很高。”能够引起下文，下文具体介绍了绿色屋顶的高成本。故选B。
Passage 6
（2025·石家庄·高三质量检测（三））Being ne f the mst varied fds, eggs are a great additin t any diet. Nt nly are they easier t add t just abut any meal, but they are als incredibly nutritius and supprt verall health. 36
Yu may experience better brain functin. Eggs prvide chline—a key substance that enhances cmmunicatin between brain cells, ensuring messages are delivered efficiently like a well-rganized delivery system. Thus, eating eggs regularly can strengthen yur memry. 37 What’s mre, the nutrients in eggs act like brain fuel, keeping yu fcused during classes r while ding hmewrk.
Yu may have healthier eyes. Eating eggs helps prtect yur eyes with natural substances that act as natural sunglasses, blcking harmful light like screen blue light. Egg ylks cntain mre eye-guarding nutrients than carrts, reducing eye fatigue(疲劳)during study sessins. 38
Yu can have strnger muscles and bnes. Eggs prvide quality prtein fr muscle repair after exercise, while their vitamin D wrks with ther nutrients like calcium and phsphrus t strengthen bnes. 39 Regular cnsumptin supprts muscle grwth during daily activities and keeps bnes strng.
40 It may seem like ther fds are much better at making yu feel full, but eggs are actually an excellent selectin. They are the ideal mix f prtein and fat and can be extremely satisfying and filling. By cnsuming mre eggs, yu are able t significantly decrease shrt term fd and snacks.
A．Yu can get mre energy quickly.
B．Yu can feel satisfied fr lnger time.
C．Eggs are a gd surce when yu’ re busy.
D．S regular egg cnsumptin helps maintain clear visin.
E．They can help maintain bne structure and prevent weakness.
F．This makes it easier t remember schl lessns r daily tasks.
G．When yu eat eggs every day, this is what happens t yur bdy.
【答案】36．G 37．F 38．D 39．E 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了每天吃鸡蛋对身体的影响，包括可能提升大脑功能、有助于眼睛健康、增强肌肉和骨骼以及带来更持久的饱腹感等方面。
36．空前“Being ne f the mst varied fds, eggs are a great additin t any diet. Nt nly are they easier t add t just abut any meal, but they are als incredibly nutritius and supprt verall health.(鸡蛋作为最多样化的食物之一，是任何饮食的绝佳补充。它们不仅易于添加到几乎任何餐食中，而且营养极其丰富，有助于整体健康。)”总述鸡蛋的营养价值和对健康的益处，后文分段落具体说明鸡蛋对大脑、眼睛、肌肉骨骼和饱腹感的影响。选项G“When yu eat eggs every day, this is what happens t yur bdy.(当你每天吃鸡蛋时，你的身体会发生以下变化。)”承上启下，引出下文各器官的具体益处。故选G。
37．空前“Eggs prvide chline—a key substance that enhances cmmunicatin between brain cells, ensuring messages are delivered efficiently like a well-rganized delivery system. Thus, eating eggs regularly can strengthen yur memry.(你可能会体验到更好的大脑功能。鸡蛋提供胆碱——一种增强脑细胞之间沟通的关键物质，确保信息像组织良好的递送系统一样高效传递。因此，经常吃鸡蛋可以增强记忆力。)”指出鸡蛋中的胆碱增强脑细胞沟通，“like a well-rganized delivery system”类比其高效性。选项F“This makes it easier t remember schl lessns r daily tasks.(这使你更容易记住功课或日常任务。)”中的“this”指代前文胆碱的作用，具体举例说明记忆力提升的应用场景，衔接自然。故选F。
38．根据上文“Yu may have healthier eyes. Eating eggs helps prtect yur eyes with natural substances that act as natural sunglasses, blcking harmful light like screen blue light. Egg ylks cntain mre eye-guarding nutrients than carrts, reducing eye fatigue(疲劳)during study sessins.(你可能会拥有更健康的眼睛。吃鸡蛋有助于通过天然物质保护眼睛，这些物质就像天然的太阳镜，阻挡屏幕蓝光等有害光线。蛋黄含有的护眼营养物质比胡萝卜还多，能减少学习时的眼睛疲劳。)”可知，本段围绕眼睛健康展开，提到鸡蛋中的天然物质阻挡有害光线、蛋黄护眼营养多于胡萝卜、减少眼疲劳。选项D“S regular egg cnsumptin helps maintain clear visin.(因此，经常吃鸡蛋有助于保持清晰的视力。)”总结本段内容，指出鸡蛋的护眼效果。故选D。
39．空前“Eggs prvide quality prtein fr muscle repair after exercise, while their vitamin D wrks with ther nutrients like calcium and phsphrus t strengthen bnes. (鸡蛋为运动后的肌肉修复提供优质蛋白质，而其含有的维生素 D 与钙、磷等其他营养素共同作用，强化骨骼。)”指出鸡蛋的蛋白质支持肌肉修复，维生素 D 与钙、磷协作强化骨骼；而空后“Regular cnsumptin supprts muscle grwth during daily activities and keeps bnes strng. (定期食用鸡蛋有助于在日常活动中支持肌肉生长，并保持骨骼强壮。)”强调了鸡蛋支持肌肉生长和保持骨骼强壮。选项E“They can help maintain bne structure and prevent weakness.(它们有助于维持骨骼结构并预防骨骼脆弱。)”具体说明了维生素 D 与其他营养素的协同作用，承接上文骨骼健康的论述。故选E。
40．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“It may seem like ther fds are much better at making yu feel full, but eggs are actually an excellent selectin. They are the ideal mix f prtein and fat and can be extremely satisfying and filling. By cnsuming mre eggs, yu are able t significantly decrease shrt term fd and snacks.(虽然其他食物似乎更能让你有饱腹感，但鸡蛋实际上是绝佳选择。它们是蛋白质和脂肪的理想组合，能带来极强的满足感和饱腹感。通过多吃鸡蛋，你能显著减少短期进食和吃零食的欲望。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是鸡蛋可以让人产生饱腹感，从而减少短期进食和吃零食的欲望。选项B“Yu can feel satisfied fr lnger time.(你可以更长时间地感到满足。)”总结了本段内容，与本段主旨相符。故选B。
Passage 7
（2025·湖南长沙雅礼中学·高三模拟试卷）The Rise f Lab-Grwn Meat
Fr decades, scientists have been seeking sustainable slutins t glbal fd shrtages. 36 . Cmmnly knwn as cultured meat, this innvatin grws animal muscle tissue frm stem cells in cntrlled labratry envirnments. Its emergence culd revlutinize ur traditinal understanding f meat prductin.
Animal-Free Meat Creatin via Science
The manufacturing prcess begins with cllecting animal cells thrugh harmless bipsies. (活组织检查) 37 . They are then placed in nutrient-rich bireactrs where they multiply and develp int muscle fibers. Surprisingly, the final prduct maintains the same prtein cntent and texture as cnventinal meat thrugh precise temperature cntrl and mechanical stretching.
Envirnmental Impacts
Cmpared t traditinal livestck (牲畜) farming, lab-grwn meat shws remarkable eclgical advantages. 38 . A 2024 UN reprt revealed that cultured meat prductin requires 95% less land and reduces greenhuse gas emissins by 87%. Mrever, it cmpletely remves the need fr antibitics (抗生素) used in raising animals, addressing grwing cncerns abut drug-resistant bacteria.
39．
Despite its prmise, the industry faces significant challenges. Current prductin csts remain way t high, with a single burger patty csting apprximately $50 t prduce. Cnsumer acceptance als presents bstacles (阻碍), as 42% f participants in a glbal survey expressed distrust in “test-tube meat”. Additinally, regulatry framewrks fr safety standards and labeling requirements are still under develpment wrldwide.
Future Outlk
Majr fd crpratins have invested ver $3 billin in cultured meat research since 2022. 40 . With Singapre already apprving cmmercial sales and the EU planning t legalize it by 2026, industry analysts predict cultured meat culd capture 10% f the glbal meat market by 2035. As technlgy advances, this scientific breakthrugh may fundamentally transfrm ur dining tables and ecsystems alike.
A．Rising Prductin Csts
B．Challenges t Mass Prductin
C．It cnsumes 85% less water than regular farms
D．The mst prmising answer lies in lab-grwn meat
E．These cells are carefully selected fr their grwth ptential
F．Gvernments shuld prmte this ec-friendly alternative
G．The huge increase in funding reflects grwing cnfidence in it
【答案】36．D 37．E 38．C 39．B 40．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了实验室培育肉的相关信息，包括其出现背景、制造过程、环境影响、面临的挑战以及未来展望。
36．上文“Fr decades, scientists have been seeking sustainable slutins t glbal fd shrtages.（几十年来，科学家们一直在寻找解决全球粮食短缺问题的可持续方案。）”说明科学家们一直在寻找解决全球粮食短缺问题的办法，D项（最有希望的答案在于实验室培育肉）承接上文，引出了具体的解决办法，指出最有希望的解决办法是实验室培育肉，符合语境。故选D。
37．上文“The manufacturing prcess begins with cllecting animal cells thrugh harmless bipsies.（制造过程始于通过无害的活组织检查收集动物细胞。）”说明实验室培育肉的制造过程始于收集动物细胞，E项（这些细胞是根据它们的生长潜力精心挑选的）承接上文，进一步说明这些细胞的情况，即这些细胞是根据生长潜力精心挑选的，符合语境。故选E。
38．上文“Cmpared t traditinal livestck (牲畜) farming, lab-grwn meat shws remarkable eclgical advantages.(与传统畜牧业相比，实验室培育肉显示出显著的生态优势。)”说明实验室培育肉比传统畜牧业有生态优势，C项（它的耗水量比普通农场少85%）承接上文，具体说明了其生态优势，即耗水量少，符合语境。故选C。
39．空处为段落小标题，根据下文“Despite its prmise, the industry faces significant challenges. Current prductin csts remain way t high, with a single burger patty csting apprximately $50 t prduce. Cnsumer acceptance als presents bstacles (阻碍), as 42% f participants in a glbal survey expressed distrust in “test-tube meat”. Additinally, regulatry framewrks fr safety standards and labeling requirements are still under develpment wrldwide.(尽管前景光明，但该行业仍面临重大挑战。目前的生产成本仍然太高，一个汉堡肉饼的生产成本约为50美元。消费者接受度也存在障碍，因为在一项全球调查中，42%的参与者表示不信任“试管肉”。此外，全球范围内仍在制定安全标准和标签要求的监管框架。)”可知，本段主要介绍了实验室培育肉在实现大规模生产方面面临的挑战。B项（大规模生产的挑战）概括了本段内容，适合作为段落小标题。故选B。
40．上文“Majr fd crpratins have invested ver $3 billin in cultured meat research since 2022.(自2022年以来，主要食品公司已在实验室培育肉研究上投资超过30亿美元。)”说明主要食品公司在实验室培育肉研究上投入了大量资金，G项（资金的巨大增长反映了人们对它的信心日益增强）承接上文，说明了这一投入的意义，即资金的巨大增长反映了人们对实验室培育肉的信心日益增强，符合语境。故选G。
Passage 8
（2025·重庆·高三5月质量检测）Hw Huseplants Bst Yur Mental Health
Grwing indr plants is becming a glbal wellness trend. A 2025 WHO reprt shws 68% f the ptted plants kept at hme are nt just fr decratin. 36 Studies reveal tuching rsemary leaves reduces crtisl (皮质醇) by 19%, while watering rchids activates the same brain regins as meditatin.
The magic lies in three aspects. 37 Caring fr leaves r bserving vines creates natural “micr-breaks” frm digital screens. This explains why ffice wrkers with desk plants reprt 30% less eye strain.
38 Harvard neurscientists fund that successfully grwing plants triggers dpamine (多巴胺) release cmparable t cmpleting a crsswrd puzzle. “Each new leaf gives tangible prf f nurturing skills,” explains Dr. Emma Lin.
Surprisingly, plants enhance scial bnds. 39 Apartment dwellers wh exchange plant cuttings have 45% mre neighbrhd cnnectins. Cmmunity gardens als becme spaces fr intergeneratinal strytelling, where elders teach herbal knwledge t children.
Starting with lw-maintenance plants ensures early successes, which fuels mtivatin. Even an rdinary plant pt next t yur windw can be yur stress-reliever. Early wins with easy-care plants build cnfidence. 40
A．Plants ffer a natural escape frm digital verlad.
B．Fr beginners, chse plants matching yur lifestyle.
C．Seeing yur first new leaf is like making a small breakthrugh.
D．Fr instance, 73% f plant wners share gardening tips nline.
E．Urban planners are designing vertical gardens in subway statins.
F．They’re actually a curing device t imprve emtinal well-being.
G．Nurturing plants helps t bring abut a sense f achievement.
【答案】36．F 37．A 38．G 39．D 40．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述室内植物热潮兴起，世界卫生组织报告显示其不仅用于装饰，还能从缓解数字过载、带来成就感、增强社交等方面改善心理健康。
36．由上文“A 2025 WHO reprt shws 68% f the ptted plants kept at hme are nt just fr decratin. (2025年世界卫生组织的一份报告显示，68%的家庭盆栽植物不仅仅是为了装饰)”可知，空处需说明盆栽的另一作用，F项They’re actually a curing device t imprve emtinal well-being. (它们实际上是改善情绪健康的治愈工具)，“curing device”“emtinal well-being”呼应后文“减压、激活大脑区域”的研究结果，形成“数据→结论”的逻辑衔接。故选F项。
37．由下文“Caring fr leaves r bserving vines creates natural ‘micr-breaks’ frm digital screens. (照料树叶或观察藤蔓为数字屏幕带来自然的‘微休息’)”可知，此处需总述植物对“数字过载”的缓解作用，A项Plants ffer a natural escape frm digital verlad. (植物提供了一种摆脱数字过载的自然方式)中的“digital verlad”对应“digital screens”，“natural escape”概括“micr-breaks”的本质，统领该段“缓解眼疲劳”的例证。故选A项。
38．由下文“Harvard neurscientists fund that successfully grwing plants triggers dpamine (多巴胺) release cmparable t cmpleting a crsswrd puzzle. (哈佛神经科学家发现，成功种植植物会触发多巴胺释放，相当于完成一个填字游戏)”可知，此处需点明“种植植物带来成就感”，G项Nurturing plants helps t bring abut a sense f achievement. (培育植物有助于带来成就感)中的“sense f achievement”对应“dpamine release”（多巴胺与成就感相关），“nurturing plants”复现后文“successfully grwing plants”，形成“观点→研究证据”的结构。故选G项。
39．由上文“Surprisingly, plants enhance scial bnds (植物增强社会联系)”可知，此处需举例说明社交互动场景，D项Fr instance, 73% f plant wners share gardening tips nline. (例如，73% 的植物主人在网上分享园艺技巧)通过“Fr instance”引出具体数据，“share gardening tips nline”体现“社交纽带”，与后文“交换植物插条、社区花园”共同构成多维度例证。故选D项。
40．由上文“Starting with lw-maintenance plants ensures early successes, which fuels mtivatin. (从低维护植物开始确保早期成功，这会激发动力)”可知，此处需强调“早期成功”的具体体现，C项Seeing yur first new leaf is like making a small breakthrugh. (看到你的第一片新叶就像取得一个小突破)中的“first new leaf”具象化“early successes”，“small breakthrugh”呼应“build cnfidence”，以类比手法强化“低维护植物带来积极反馈”的逻辑。故选C项。
Passage 9
（2025·湖北武昌·高三5月质量检测）Even as a child, I was always gal-directed. Every January 1st, I wuld dutifully sit dwn and write ut my reslutins fr the upcming year: lse 50 punds, run a marathn, have a picture-perfect hme! Oh, and be the best parent ever wh never yelled at my children! 16 By every March, I fall trapped in a cycle f ambitin and guilt.
Everything changed when I faced cnsistent battles with breast and appendix cancer. That’s right: tw different cancers, with tw different treatment plans, at the same time, in the same bdy. 17 And I wn’t lie -the next year was incredibly difficult.
Experiencing dual treatments taught me prfund lessns. 18 Simply waking up cancer-free became my definitin f triumph. Where I nce measured success by cmpleted checklists, I nw fund victry in my children’s laughter r sunlight filtering thrugh hspital blinds.
I abandned traditinal reslutins by realizing that big gals invite big failures. Instead, I adpted a “mini-missin” apprach. 19 Fr example, rather than aiming fr daily gym marathns, I cmmitted t 20-minute walks three times weekly.
The magic lies in accumulated prgress. After mastering basic nutritin gals (five vegetable servings daily), I added hydratin targets (replacing sda with herbal tea). This gradual methd even helped me cnquer the fearful rwing machine -a feat (壮举) I’d previusly cnsidered impssible.
20 My nly “reslutin” last year was aviding medical deductibles (免赔额) thrugh sustained small health habits. T my delight, it wrked nt thrugh extreme measures, but thrugh the snwball effect f mini-achievements.
A．It was a lt t deal with.
B．Immediate results ften mask lng-term csts
C．Survival reshaped my understanding f success.
D．External pressures weaken self-imprvement effrts.
E．Tiny achievable steps replaced mnumental demands.
F．Piled accmplishments build sustainable transfrmatin
G．In practical terms, my grand plans frequently backfire psychlgically.
【答案】16．G 17．A 18．C 19．E 20．F
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从制定宏大目标到因患病改变观念，转而采用“小任务”方法，通过积累小成就实现可持续转变并取得成功的经历。
16．上文“Even as a child, I was always gal-directed. Every January 1st, I wuld dutifully sit dwn and write ut my reslutins fr the upcming year: lse 50 punds, run a marathn, have a picture-perfect hme! Oh, and be the best parent ever wh never yelled at my children! (甚至在还是个孩子的时候，我总是目标导向的。每年的1月1日，我都会认真地坐下来，写下我新的一年的决心：减掉50磅，跑一场马拉松，拥有一个完美的家！哦，还要成为从不对孩子大喊大叫的最好的父母！)”以及下文“By every March, I fall trapped in a cycle f ambitin and guilt. (到了每年的3月，我就会陷入野心和内疚的循环中。)”描述了作者每年年初制定宏大目标，但往往到3月就陷入困境的情况。空处承上启下，说明目标宏大，但是往往会失败。所以G项“实际上，我的宏大计划经常在心理上适得其反。”符合语境。“grand plans”对应上文的reslutins，“backfire”对应下文“fall trapped in a cycle”，体现计划与结果的反差。故选G。
17．上文“Everything changed when I faced cnsistent battles with breast and appendix cancer. That’s right: tw different cancers, with tw different treatment plans, at the same time, in the same bdy .(当我面临乳腺癌和阑尾癌的持续斗争时，一切都变了。没错：两种不同的癌症，两种不同的治疗方案，同时发生在同一个身体上。)”描述了作者同时面临两种癌症的严峻情况。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种情况处理起来非常困难。所以A项“这有很多要处理。”符合语境。It指代上文“同时患两种癌症”的情况，“a lt t deal with”直接衔接 “两种治疗方案”的复杂性，且与下文“incredibly difficult”形成因果关系。故选A。
18．上文“Experiencing dual treatments taught me prfund lessns. (经历双重治疗给了我深刻的教训。)”以及下文“Simply waking up cancer-free became my definitin f triumph. (仅仅是醒来发现自己未受癌症困扰，便成了我对“胜利”的定义。)”说明了经历双重治疗给了作者深刻的教训。空处承上启下，说明这些教训如何改变了作者对成功的理解。所以C项“生存重塑了我对成功的理解。”符合语境。“reshaped understanding”对应下文 “从清单成功观转向存活即胜利”的转变，“survival”与“waking up cancer-free”形成语义呼应，是对段落核心观点的概括。故选C。
19．上文“I abandned traditinal reslutins by realizing that big gals invite big failures. Instead, I adpted a “mini-missin” apprach. (我放弃了传统的决心，因为我意识到大目标往往会导致大失败。相反，我采用了“小任务”的方法。)”提到作者放弃了传统的宏大目标，转而采用“小任务”的方法。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种“小任务”方法是如何具体实施的。所以E项“微小可实现的步骤取代了宏大的要求。”符合语境。“Tiny achievable steps”对应上文的“mini-missin”，“replaced mnumental demands”对应“abandned traditinal reslutins”，且与下文例子中的“20-minute walks”形成具体例证关系。故选E。
20．上文“This gradual methd even helped me cnquer the fearful rwing machine-a feat (壮举) I’d previusly cnsidered impssible. (这种渐进的方法甚至帮助我征服了可怕的划船机——这是我以前认为不可能完成的壮举。)”以及下文“My nly “reslutin” last year was aviding medical deductibles (免赔额) thrugh sustained small health habits. (去年我唯一的“新年计划”，就是通过持续的小健康习惯来避免产生医保免赔额。)”描述了作者通过积累小进步取得大成就的过程。空处为本段的主旨句，本段主要介绍从小习惯到长期成功的过程。所以F项“累积的成就促成可持续的改变”符合语境，是对段落主题“积累效应”的总结。故选F。
Passage 10
（2025·湖北武昌·高三5月质量检测）Even as a child, I was always gal-directed. Every January 1st, I wuld dutifully sit dwn and write ut my reslutins fr the upcming year: lse 50 punds, run a marathn, have a picture-perfect hme! Oh, and be the best parent ever wh never yelled at my children! 16 By every March, I fall trapped in a cycle f ambitin and guilt.
Everything changed when I faced cnsistent battles with breast and appendix cancer. That’s right: tw different cancers, with tw different treatment plans, at the same time, in the same bdy. 17 And I wn’t lie -the next year was incredibly difficult.
Experiencing dual treatments taught me prfund lessns. 18 Simply waking up cancer-free became my definitin f triumph. Where I nce measured success by cmpleted checklists, I nw fund victry in my children’s laughter r sunlight filtering thrugh hspital blinds.
I abandned traditinal reslutins by realizing that big gals invite big failures. Instead, I adpted a “mini-missin” apprach. 19 Fr example, rather than aiming fr daily gym marathns, I cmmitted t 20-minute walks three times weekly.
The magic lies in accumulated prgress. After mastering basic nutritin gals (five vegetable servings daily), I added hydratin targets (replacing sda with herbal tea). This gradual methd even helped me cnquer the fearful rwing machine -a feat (壮举) I’d previusly cnsidered impssible.
20 My nly “reslutin” last year was aviding medical deductibles (免赔额) thrugh sustained small health habits. T my delight, it wrked nt thrugh extreme measures, but thrugh the snwball effect f mini-achievements.
A．It was a lt t deal with.
B．Immediate results ften mask lng-term csts
C．Survival reshaped my understanding f success.
D．External pressures weaken self-imprvement effrts.
E．Tiny achievable steps replaced mnumental demands.
F．Piled accmplishments build sustainable transfrmatin
G．In practical terms, my grand plans frequently backfire psychlgically.
【答案】16．G 17．A 18．C 19．E 20．F
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从制定宏大目标到因患病改变观念，转而采用“小任务”方法，通过积累小成就实现可持续转变并取得成功的经历。
16．上文“Even as a child, I was always gal-directed. Every January 1st, I wuld dutifully sit dwn and write ut my reslutins fr the upcming year: lse 50 punds, run a marathn, have a picture-perfect hme! Oh, and be the best parent ever wh never yelled at my children! (甚至在还是个孩子的时候，我总是目标导向的。每年的1月1日，我都会认真地坐下来，写下我新的一年的决心：减掉50磅，跑一场马拉松，拥有一个完美的家！哦，还要成为从不对孩子大喊大叫的最好的父母！)”以及下文“By every March, I fall trapped in a cycle f ambitin and guilt. (到了每年的3月，我就会陷入野心和内疚的循环中。)”描述了作者每年年初制定宏大目标，但往往到3月就陷入困境的情况。空处承上启下，说明目标宏大，但是往往会失败。所以G项“实际上，我的宏大计划经常在心理上适得其反。”符合语境。“grand plans”对应上文的reslutins，“backfire”对应下文“fall trapped in a cycle”，体现计划与结果的反差。故选G。
17．上文“Everything changed when I faced cnsistent battles with breast and appendix cancer. That’s right: tw different cancers, with tw different treatment plans, at the same time, in the same bdy .(当我面临乳腺癌和阑尾癌的持续斗争时，一切都变了。没错：两种不同的癌症，两种不同的治疗方案，同时发生在同一个身体上。)”描述了作者同时面临两种癌症的严峻情况。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种情况处理起来非常困难。所以A项“这有很多要处理。”符合语境。It指代上文“同时患两种癌症”的情况，“a lt t deal with”直接衔接 “两种治疗方案”的复杂性，且与下文“incredibly difficult”形成因果关系。故选A。
18．上文“Experiencing dual treatments taught me prfund lessns. (经历双重治疗给了我深刻的教训。)”以及下文“Simply waking up cancer-free became my definitin f triumph. (仅仅是醒来发现自己未受癌症困扰，便成了我对“胜利”的定义。)”说明了经历双重治疗给了作者深刻的教训。空处承上启下，说明这些教训如何改变了作者对成功的理解。所以C项“生存重塑了我对成功的理解。”符合语境。“reshaped understanding”对应下文 “从清单成功观转向存活即胜利”的转变，“survival”与“waking up cancer-free”形成语义呼应，是对段落核心观点的概括。故选C。
19．上文“I abandned traditinal reslutins by realizing that big gals invite big failures. Instead, I adpted a “mini-missin” apprach. (我放弃了传统的决心，因为我意识到大目标往往会导致大失败。相反，我采用了“小任务”的方法。)”提到作者放弃了传统的宏大目标，转而采用“小任务”的方法。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种“小任务”方法是如何具体实施的。所以E项“微小可实现的步骤取代了宏大的要求。”符合语境。“Tiny achievable steps”对应上文的“mini-missin”，“replaced mnumental demands”对应“abandned traditinal reslutins”，且与下文例子中的“20-minute walks”形成具体例证关系。故选E。
20．上文“This gradual methd even helped me cnquer the fearful rwing machine-a feat (壮举) I’d previusly cnsidered impssible. (这种渐进的方法甚至帮助我征服了可怕的划船机——这是我以前认为不可能完成的壮举。)”以及下文“My nly “reslutin” last year was aviding medical deductibles (免赔额) thrugh sustained small health habits. (去年我唯一的“新年计划”，就是通过持续的小健康习惯来避免产生医保免赔额。)”描述了作者通过积累小进步取得大成就的过程。空处为本段的主旨句，本段主要介绍从小习惯到长期成功的过程。所以F项“累积的成就促成可持续的改变”符合语境，是对段落主题“积累效应”的总结。故选F。
Passage 11
（2025·东北三省四市·教研联合体模拟预测）Hw Hbbies Help Us
As reprted in sme science magazines, the psitive health utcmes f hbbies are available t everyne. 16 . We shuld knw that they are nt nly making yu happier, they’re als making yu healthier.Benefits fr Yur Bdy
17 . Nthing culd be further frm the truth. The benefits yu btain will depend n yur hbby. Taking jgging fr instance, it will benefit yur cardivascular (心脑血管) health mre than crsswrd puzzles, while thse may nly imprve yur cgnitive (认知的) health. 18 .
A reprt fund that fr peple wh were suffering frm a chrnic (慢性的) illness, ding a hbby helped them manage their symptms and even slwed the prgressin f their illness.Benefits fr Yur Brain
In additin t prviding prtectin against dementia (痴呆), hbbies imprve ur neurplasticity (神经可塑性): the ability f the brain’s neural netwrks t change, adapt and make new cnnectins. Hbbies take advantage f this flexibility and help yur brain create new cnnectins, which can help yu in areas beynd just that particular skill. 19 .
One f the clest things is that regularly ding things yu find enjyable causes bichemical changes in the brain.Benefits fr Yur Spirit
In many ways, hbbies make us happier. Peple wh made a cnscius effrt each day t spend time ding hbbies shwed an average bst f 8% in wellbeing and a 10% drp in stress and anxiety. 20 .
Nw it’s yur tum: Whether yu decide t pick up an ld hbby r start up a whle new ne, g find the thing that lights yu up and d mre f it.
A．These brain states are characterized by feelings f deep relaxatin
B．Yur hbbies range frm hiking t dancing, waterclr painting t playing pian
C．Flks with at least ne hbby are fund t have higher levels f life satisfactin
D．The pint is that nearly all hbbies can prvide measurable psitive health benefits
E．This may be the reasn why peple wh play a musical instrument ften d better in math
F．Making the time t d smething enjyable n a regular basis will have a great impact n yur life
G．A well-spread myth is that engaging in hbbies is self-indulgent (自我放纵的) r even a waste f time
【答案】16．B 17．G 18．D 19．E 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了爱好对我们身体、大脑和精神方面的益处，强调了爱好不仅能让人快乐，还对健康有益。
16．前文提到“As reprted in sme science magazines, the psitive health utcmes f hbbies are available t everyne. (正如一些科学杂志所报道的，爱好带来的积极健康效果对每个人都适用。)”说明爱好对健康有益。选项B“Yur hbbies range frm hiking t dancing, waterclr painting t playing pian (你的爱好可以从徒步旅行到跳舞，从水彩画到弹钢琴)”，列举了各种不同的爱好，进一步说明了爱好的多样性，与前文提到的爱好对健康有益相呼应，引出下文对不同爱好益处的具体阐述。故选B。
17．后文“Nthing culd be further frm the truth. The benefits yu btain will depend n yur hbby. (这与事实相差甚远。你从爱好中获得的益处将取决于你的爱好。)”说明前面提到的观点是错误的。选项G“A well-spread myth is that engaging in hbbies is self-indulgent (自我放纵的) r even a waste f time (一个广为流传的错误观念是，从事爱好是自我放纵的，甚至是浪费时间)”提出了一种错误的观点，与后文对这种观点的否定相呼应，起到了引出下文的作用。故选G。
18．前文“Taking jgging fr instance, it will benefit yur cardivascular (心脑血管) health mre than crsswrd puzzles, while thse may nly imprve yur cgnitive (认知的) health. (以慢跑为例，它比填字游戏更有益于心血管健康，而填字游戏只会改善你的认知健康。)”以慢跑和填字游戏为例，说明不同爱好对健康有不同的益处。选项D“The pint is that nearly all hbbies can prvide measurable psitive health benefits (关键是几乎所有的爱好都能带来显著的积极健康益处)”总结了前文不同爱好都有益处的内容，强调了几乎所有爱好对健康的积极作用，与前文内容相契合。故选D。
19．前文提到“Hbbies take advantage f this flexibility and help yur brain create new cnnectins, which can help yu in areas beynd just that particular skill. (爱好利用了这种灵活性，帮助你的大脑建立新的连接，这不仅能在特定技能方面帮助你，还能在其他方面发挥作用。)”说明爱好对大脑建立新连接有帮助。选项E“This may be the reasn why peple wh play a musical instrument ften d better in math (这可能就是为什么演奏乐器的人在数学方面往往表现更好的原因)”，举例说明了爱好(演奏乐器)对大脑的益处体现在其他方面(数学)，与前文内容相呼应，进一步解释了爱好对大脑的积极影响。故选E。
20．前文提到“Peple wh made a cnscius effrt each day t spend time ding hbbies shwed an average bst f 8% in wellbeing and a 10% drp in stress and anxiety. (那些每天有意识地花时间从事爱好的人，幸福感平均提高了8%，压力和焦虑感平均降低了10%。)”说明爱好能让人更幸福。选项C“Flks with at least ne hbby are fund t have higher levels f life satisfactin (研究发现，至少有一个爱好的人生活满意度更高)”进一步强调了爱好对提升生活满意度的作用，与前文内容相呼应，总结了爱好对精神方面的益处。故选C。
Passage 12
（2025·山东肥城·高考适应性测试）Early risers are praised as hard wrkers. When we’re s busy during the 9 t 5, getting up early and getting a head start n the day seems like a great idea: we’ll have time t get a cffee, exercise, and with n-ne else arund, it’s easier t get wrk dne. 36 After all, in rder t get prper sleep, yu need t g t bed early as well.
37 One study by Japanese researchers fund early rising children are healthier and mre active than thse wh get up late. Anther study fund expsure t bright light early in the mrning was several times mre effective than antidepressants (抗抑郁药), which yu can d with a sunrise alarm clck. Other evidence suggest yu get mre wrk dne, yu exercise mre, and yu becme happier, healthier and wealthier as a result.
Fitness YuTuber Brwney decided t put these claims t the test. Can yu really develp a better mrning rutine and becme mre prductive just by adjusting yur bdy clck? He began each day with a gd wrkut. 38 Mre imprtantly, it prvides energy and bsts mtivatin, leading t increased verall prductivity. Brwney als fund an extra few hurs f uninterrupted wrk early in the mrnings, with n need t check his phne r stp t talk t anyne. 39
The early mrning hurs are s peaceful and quiet. When yu start waking up early, yu’ll enjy this perid t yurself. 40 It’s beneficial being an early riser n nrmal days, but the ccasinal lie-in r late night certainly wn’t hurt.
A．Is there anyne t disturb yur early mrning?
B．After all, wh are yu ging t talk t at 6 am?
C．There is sme science t recmmend the practice.
D．Hwever, getting up at 5 in the mrning is easier said than dne.
E．Early risers ften have a greater sense f cntrl ver their lives.
F．It’s a gd time t think, t jurnal, t read befre the wrld happens.
G．Getting the bdy mving helps shake ff the sleepiness and burn fat.
【答案】36．D 37．C 38．G 39．B 40．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了早起的好处与挑战，结合科学研究和实际案例说明早起对健康、工作效率的积极影响，同时强调不必苛求绝对规律。
36．前文“When we’re s busy during the 9 t 5, getting up early and getting a head start n the day seems like a great idea: we’ll have time t get a cffee, exercise, and with n-ne else arund, it’s easier t get wrk dne.( 当我们在朝九晚五的忙碌中，早起，在一天中有一个好的开始似乎是一个好主意：我们有时间喝咖啡，锻炼身体，没有别人在身边，更容易完成工作。)”提到早起有很多好处，以及后文“After all, in rder t get prper sleep, yu need t g t bed early as well.( 毕竟，为了得到适当的睡眠，你也需要早睡。)”说为了有足够睡眠还得早睡，可见早起并不容易，D项“Hwever, getting up at 5 in the mrning is easier said than dne.( 然而，早上 5 点起床说起来容易做起来难。)”起到了转折和衔接上下文的作用。故选D项。
37．下文“One study by Japanese researchers fund early rising children are healthier and mre active than thse wh get up late. Anther study fund expsure t bright light early in the mrning was several times mre effective than antidepressants (抗抑郁药), which yu can d with a sunrise alarm clck. Other evidence suggest yu get mre wrk dne, yu exercise mre, and yu becme happier, healthier and wealthier as a result.( 日本研究人员的一项研究发现，早起的孩子比晚起的孩子更健康、更活跃。另一项研究发现，清晨暴露在明亮的光线下比抗抑郁药有效几倍，你可以用日出闹钟来做到这一点。其他证据表明，你能完成更多的工作，锻炼得更多，结果你会变得更快乐、更健康、更富有。)”列举了多项研究结果，说明早起有诸多益处，C项“There is sme science t recmmend the practice.( 有一些科学依据支持这种做法。)”能够引出下文的研究内容，符合语境。故选C项。
38．前文“He began each day with a gd wrkut.( 他每天以良好的锻炼开始。)”以及后文“Mre imprtantly, it prvides energy and bsts mtivatin, leading t increased verall prductivity.( 更重要的是，它提供能量，提高动力，从而提高整体生产力。)”提到锻炼的好处和作用。G项“Getting the bdy mving helps shake ff the sleepiness and burn fat.( 让身体动起来有助于摆脱困倦和燃烧脂肪。)”解释了锻炼的直接作用，与上下文衔接紧密。故选G项。
39．前文“Brwney als fund an extra few hurs f uninterrupted wrk early in the mrnings, with n need t check his phne r stp t talk t anyne.( 布朗尼还发现，清晨可以多工作几个小时，不受打扰，不需要查看手机，也不需要停下来和任何人说话。)”说早起能有不被打扰的工作时间，B项“After all, wh are yu ging t talk t at 6 am?( 毕竟，早上 6 点你会和谁说话呢？)”以反问的形式进一步说明早起时没人打扰，符合语境。故选B项。
40．前文“The early mrning hurs are s peaceful and quiet. When yu start waking up early, yu’ll enjy this perid t yurself.( 清晨的时光是如此的平和和安静。当你开始早起时，你会享受这段独处的时光。)”说早起的时光宁静，适合独自享受，F项“It’s a gd time t think, t jurnal, t read befre the wrld happens.( 在忙碌的世界开始之前，这是思考、写日记、阅读的好时机。)”具体说明了可以在早起的宁静时光中做的事情，与前文衔接自然。故选F项。
Passage 13
（2025·福建福州·名校高三下学期5月适应性联考）Hw d yu feel abut exams? 36 On the cntrary, is it an experience yu enjy because it’s yur time t shine? Every year, many yung peple sit exams and whether they lve r hate them, mst f them will face sme anxiety befre the big day.
If yu’re anxius abut yur exams, dn’t wrry. Yu’re nt alne. 37 When the pressure is n t pass that all-imprtant test, take a deep breath and absrb sme gd advice frm peple wh’ve been thrugh the same experience as yu.
38 Nutritinal therapist Kerry Trrens recmmends making breakfast the mst imprtant meal f the day. She recmmends eating energy-giving ats and eggs. Sme research even suggests students wh take water int the exam hall may even imprve their grades.
One thing I knw I always need is a gd night’s sleep t help me wrk and think better the next day. 39 If yu get gd sleep yur memry is better and that means yu can retain the infrmatin yu have revised.
Accrding t Lisa Artis frm the Sleep Cuncil, sitting n yur bed when yu’re cramming is nt a gd idea because then yu assciate that place with stress. Revising fr exams can als smetimes seem cruel, s it’s gd t take breaks and reward yurself with a small treat, like a cake r a quick run arund the blck. There cmes a pint when yur brain can’t absrb any mre infrmatin. 40
A．Hwever, yur brain is free f tiredness.
B．Is it the ne thing yu are frightened f?
C．Thus, yu’ll als need t knw when t stp.
D．Is it the nly thing that yu are really keen n?
E．Eating the right fd can feed yur brain and keep yu energetic.
F．It might seem like a stressful time fr everyne in the same situatin.
G．And that’s what’s recmmended fr anyne preparing fr their exams.
【答案】36．B 37．F 38．E 39．G 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了我们在考试过程中常常会面临焦虑，但是可以通过饮食和睡眠调节情绪，缓解压力。
36．根据前文“Hw d yu feel abut exams?(你对考试有什么看法?)”以及后文“On the cntrary, is it an experience yu enjy because it’s yur time t shine?(相反，你喜欢这段经历是因为这是你闪耀的时刻吗？)”可知，前后都是问句，所以空处应是问句，且空处提到的事和后文相反，B项“Is it the ne thing yu are frightened f?(这是你唯一害怕的事吗？)”承接上文，和下文相反，符合文意。故选B项。
37．根据前文“If yu’re anxius abut yur exams, dn’t wrry. Yu’re nt alne.(如果你对考试感到焦虑，别担心。你并不孤单)”可知，对考试感到焦虑是常见的。F项“It might seem like a stressful time fr everyne in the same situatin.(对于处于相同情况的每个人来说，这似乎都是一个充满压力的时刻)”是对前句的进一步说明，符合文意。故选F项。
38．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Nutritinal therapist Kerry Trrens recmmends making breakfast the mst imprtant meal f the day. She recmmends eating energy-giving ats and eggs. Sme research even suggests students wh take water int the exam hall may even imprve their grades.(养治疗师克里·托伦斯建议把早餐作为一天中最重要的一餐。她建议吃能提供能量的燕麦和鸡蛋。一些研究甚至表明，带水进考场的学生甚至可以提高他们的成绩)”可知，本段主要介绍吃正确食物能让你精力充沛，所以E项“Eating the right fd can feed yur brain and keep yu energetic.(吃正确的食物可以滋养你的大脑，让你充满活力)”符合本段主题。故选E项。
39．根据前文“One thing I knw I always need is a gd night’s sleep t help me wrk and think better the next day.(我知道我总是需要一个好的睡眠来帮助我第二天更好地工作和思考)”可知，好的睡眠有助于思考，G项“And that’s what’s recmmended fr anyne preparing fr their exams.(这也是我们推荐给准备考试的人的方法)”承接上文，其中that指代前文中的a gd night’s sleep，符合文意。故选G项。
40．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Accrding t Lisa Artis frm the Sleep Cuncil, sitting n yur bed when yu’re cramming is nt a gd idea because then yu assciate that place with stress. Revising fr exams can als smetimes seem cruel, s it’s gd t take breaks and reward yurself with a small treat, like a cake r a quick run arund the blck. There cmes a pint when yur brain can’t absrb any mre infrmatin.(据睡眠委员会的丽莎·阿蒂斯说，坐在床上死记硬背不是个好主意，因为那样你就会把那个地方和压力联系在一起。复习考试有时看起来也很残酷，所以最好休息一下，犒赏自己一下，比如一块蛋糕或绕着街区跑一圈。当你的大脑无法吸收更多的信息时，就会出现这样的情况)”表明你的大脑不能吸收更多信息，所以应该休息，所以C项“Thus, yu’ll als need t knw when t stp.(因此，你还需要知道什么时候该停下来)”是对前文的总结。故选C项。
Passage 14
（2025·北京朝阳·高三下4月六校联考）Have yu ever wndered why sme jkes make yu burst int uncntrllable laughter while thers barely elicit (引出) a smile? The answer lies in the intricate dance between cgnitive and emtinal prcesses that ccurs when we encunter humr.
Let’s start with the cgnitive side f things. 35 We’re nt just passively receiving infrmatin; we’re actively prcessing it, making cnnectins, and trying t make sense f what we’re experiencing.
36 The emtinal side f humr is equally imprtant and ften intertwined with ur cgnitive prcesses. When we find smething funny, we experience a range f psitive emtins—jy, amusement, surprise, and smetimes even a tuch f mischievus delight. These emtinal respnses are what make humr such a pwerful frce in ur lives.
Interestingly, the relatinship between cgnitin and emtin in humr isn’t always straightfrward. Smetimes, we might understand a jke n a cgnitive level but nt find it particularly amusing. Other times, we might laugh at smething withut fully understanding why it’s funny. 37
Our cgnitive and emtinal respnses t humr aren’t static. 38 A jke that had yu rlling n the flr as a teenager might elicit nthing mre than a gran in yur adult years. Cnversely, yu might find yurself chuckling (轻声笑) at a subtle bit f wrdplay that wuld have gne right ver yur head in yur yunger days.
The cgnitive and emtinal prcesses invlved in humr might seem trivial. 39 But when we cnsider hw pervasive humr is in ur daily lives, it becmes clear that understanding these prcesses can have far-reaching implicatins fr ur well-being and scial interactins.
A．After all, it’s just a laugh, right?
B．But cgnitin is nly half the stry.
C．They can change ver time as we grw, learn, and experience new things.
D．Our brains start t lk fr patterns and make predictins when we hear a jke.
E．Individual differences play a significant rle in humr perceptin and appreciatin.
F．This cmplexity is part f what makes humr such a rich area f study fr psychlgists.
G．When we hear a jke r see smething funny, ur brains shift int high-speed wrking mde.
【答案】35．G 36．B 37．F 38．C 39．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了幽默引发不同反应的原因，涉及认知与情感过程，二者关系复杂且会变化，理解其有重要意义。
35．上文“Let’s start with the cgnitive side f things. (让我们从认知方面开始说起)”说明要阐述认知方面的内容，下文“We’re nt just passively receiving infrmatin; we’re actively prcessing it, making cnnectins, and trying t make sense f what we’re experiencing. (我们不只是被动地接收信息；我们积极地处理信息，建立联系，并试图理解我们所经历的事情)”进一步说明我们对信息的处理方式，G选项中ur brains shift int high-speed wrking mde与下文actively prcessing it相呼应，G选项“当我们听到一个笑话或看到有趣的事情时，我们的大脑会进入高速工作模式”具体说明了听到笑话时大脑的工作状态，符合语境。故选G。
36．上文“We’re nt just passively receiving infrmatin; we’re actively prcessing it, making cnnectins, and trying t make sense f what we’re experiencing. (我们不只是被动地接收信息；我们积极地处理信息，建立联系，并试图理解我们所经历的事情)”主要讲了认知方面的内容，下文“The emtinal side f humr is equally imprtant and ften intertwined with ur cgnitive prcesses. (幽默的情感方面同样重要，并且常常与我们的认知过程交织在一起)”开始阐述情感方面的内容，B 选项“但认知只是故事的一半”起到了承上启下的作用，既承接上文的认知方面，又引出下文的情感方面，说明还有另一半关于情感的内容。故选B。
37．上文“Interestingly, the relatinship between cgnitin and emtin in humr isn’t always straightfrward. Smetimes, we might understand a jke n a cgnitive level but nt find it particularly amusing. Other times, we might laugh at smething withut fully understanding why it’s funny. (有趣的是，幽默中认知和情感之间的关系并不总是直截了当的。有时，我们可能在认知层面上理解一个笑话，但并不觉得特别有趣。其他时候，我们可能会在不完全理解为什么好笑的情况下发笑)”描述了认知和情感在幽默中的复杂关系。F 选项中This cmplexity指代上文提到的认知和情感关系的复杂性，F 选项“这种复杂性是幽默成为心理学家丰富研究领域的一部分原因”进一步说明了这种复杂性对研究幽默的意义，符合题意。故选F。
38．上文“Our cgnitive and emtinal respnses t humr aren’t static. (我们对幽默的认知和情感反应不是静态的)”表明反应是会变化的，下文“A jke that had yu rlling n the flr as a teenager might elicit nthing mre than a gran in yur adult years. Cnversely, yu might find yurself chuckling (轻声笑) at a subtle bit f wrdplay that wuld have gne right ver yur head in yur yunger days. (一个在你青少年时期能让你笑得在地上打滚的笑话，在你成年后可能只会引发一声叹息。相反，你可能会发现自己在对一个微妙的文字游戏轻声发笑，而在你年轻时，这个文字游戏可能会让你完全摸不着头脑)”通过举例说明了随着年龄变化对笑话的反应不同。C选项“随着我们成长、学习和经历新事物，它们会随着时间而改变”中They指代上文的Our cgnitive and emtinal respnses，change ver time与下文的例子相呼应，符合语境。故选C。
39．上文“The cgnitive and emtinal prcesses invlved in humr might seem trivial. (幽默中涉及的认知和情感过程可能看起来微不足道)”提到这些过程看似不重要，下文“But when we cnsider hw pervasive humr is in ur daily lives, it becmes clear that understanding these prcesses can have far-reaching implicatins fr ur well-being and scial interactins. (但当我们考虑到幽默在我们日常生活中是多么普遍时，就会明白理解这些过程对我们的幸福和社会互动有着深远的影响)”与上文形成转折，说明实际上理解这些过程很重要。A 选项“毕竟，这只是一笑而过，对吧？”表达了一种对幽默的轻视态度，与上文seem trivial相呼应，也能引出下文的转折，符合题意。故选A。
Passage 15
（2025·北京海淀·一模）When yu spend time with clse friends, hw d yu feel? Yu may feel like yu belng. Accrding t the Oxfrd dictinary, belnging is defined as a “deep sense f acceptance, inclusin, and identificatin within a grup, place, r cntext.” 35
Since the beginning f human evlutin, peple have cnnected with thers in rder t survive. This desire t frm and grw relatinships is rted in the human brain. 36 In 1943, Abraham Maslw was the first psychlgist t write abut belnging as a human need. His thery, the Hierarchy (等级) f Needs, states that humans must acquire their basic needs, such as physilgical (生理上的) needs and needs related t safety, befre they can begin fulfilling ther higher, mre cmplex needs, like belnging r develping self-esteem.
Anther grundbreaking research abut belnging emerged in 1995. Mark Leary and Ry Baumeister fund that humans have a universal drive t belng, which mtivates their thughts and actins. In fact, this drive is s imprtant that they argued it was a fundamental human need-nt a secndary need in a hierarchy. Their later research explred the cnnectin between self-esteem and belnging. Accrding t their research, self-esteem is nt just abut hw peple feel abut themselves internally. 37
Althugh feeling cnnected t peple is imprtant in many settings, it becmes especially critical in schls. A 2020 research analysis fund that students wh d nt feel a sense f belnging at schl are ften searching fr threats in their envirnment that signal whether they are welcme r nt. 38 This, in turn, can cause prer academic perfrmance. It can als discurage students frm frming deeper relatinships. S, a student’s feeling f belnging is vital fr their learning.
39 Researchers will cntinue t analyze hw persnality, culture, and even scial media shape hw cnnected we feel t thers. With this knwledge, peple can create schls and cmmunities where mre peple feel included. That way, we can develp a sciety that is verall healthier, happier, and mre cnnected.
A．They may d things t increase their self-esteem.
B．This stress can use up cgnitive resurces needed fr learning.
C．Belnging is a cmplex thing because it is influenced by many factrs.
D．Over the years, researchers have been explring this subjective feeling.
E．Feeling like yu belng can actually imprve many aspects f yur life.
F．It actually serves as a warning signal that measures hw much peple feel accepted.
G．When yu see yurself well suited t a specific envirnment, yu feel valued and respected.
【答案】35．G 36．D 37．F 38．B 39．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了归属感的重要性及其相关研究。
35．根据上文“Accrding t the Oxfrd dictinary, belnging is defined as a “deep sense f acceptance, inclusin, and identificatin within a grup, place, r cntext.”(根据牛津词典的解释，归属感被定义为“在一个群体、一个地方或一个环境中，一种深深的接受、包容和认同感。”)”可知，此处提到归属感的定义。G选项“When yu see yurself well suited t a specific envirnment, yu feel valued and respected.(当你觉得自己非常适合某个特定环境时，你会感到被重视和尊重)”承接上文，进一步解释了什么是归属感。故选G。
36．根据下文“In 1943, Abraham Maslw was the first psychlgist t write abut belnging as a human need. His thery, the Hierarchy (等级) f Needs, states that humans must acquire their basic needs, such as physilgical (生理上的) needs and needs related t safety, befre they can begin fulfilling ther higher, mre cmplex needs, like belnging r develping self-esteem.(1943年，亚伯拉罕·马斯洛（Abraham Maslw）是第一位将归属感作为人类需求的心理学家。他的需求层次理论指出，人类必须先获得基本需求，如生理需求和与安全相关的需求，然后才能开始满足其他更高级、更复杂的需求，如归属感或自尊)”可知，D选项“Over the years, researchers have been explring this subjective feeling.(多年来，研究人员一直在探索这种主观感受)”指出归属感这一主观感受一直以来都受到研究人员的关注，为下文介绍相关研究做铺垫。故选D。
37．上文提到“Accrding t their research, self-esteem is nt just abut hw peple feel abut themselves internally. (根据他们的研究，自尊不仅仅是人们对自己内心的感觉)”可知，此处强调自尊不仅仅关乎人们内心的感受。F选项“It actually serves as a warning signal that measures hw much peple feel accepted.(它实际上是一个衡量人们被接纳程度的警告信号)”承接上文，指出自尊还涉及到外部因素，即人们被接纳的程度，这是一个衡量自尊的重要标准。同时，F选项中的“it”指代上文的“self-esteem”，使得上下文连贯。故选F。
38．根据上文“ A 2020 research analysis fund that students wh d nt feel a sense f belnging at schl are ften searching fr threats in their envirnment that signal whether they are welcme r nt. (2020年的一项研究分析发现，在学校没有归属感的学生往往会在环境中寻找威胁，以表明他们是否受欢迎)”可知，学生在学校没有归属感时，会经常在环境中寻找威胁信号，以判断自己是否受欢迎，这会给学生带来压力。B选项“This stress can use up cgnitive resurces needed fr learning.(这种压力会消耗掉学习所需的认知资源)”承接上文，解释了缺乏归属感给学生带来的负面影响，即消耗认知资源，影响学习效果。故选B。
39．根据下文“Researchers will cntinue t analyze hw persnality, culture, and even scial media shape hw cnnected we feel t thers. (研究人员将继续分析个性、文化甚至社交媒体如何塑造我们与他人的联系)”可知，此处强调研究人员将继续分析个性、文化和社交媒体如何塑造我们对与他人联系的感知，由此表明归属感是一个复杂且多元的概念，受到多种因素的影响。C选项“Belnging is a cmplex thing because it is influenced by many factrs.(归属感是一个复杂的事物，因为它受到许多因素的影响)”引出下文，为下文介绍相关研究做铺垫。故选C。